Art & Culture November 23, 2019 3 This Day in History (November 23) Tehran, Vienna Keen on Exchanging

Today is Saturday; 2nd of the Iranian month of Azar 1398 solar hijri; corresponding to 25th of the Islamic month of Rabi al-Awwal 1441 lunar hijri; and November 23, 2019, of the Christian Gregorian Calendar. National Archive Documents 1918 solar years ago, on this day in the year 101 AD, present day Romania was occupied by the Roman Empire. This land was ruled by the Romans until its conquest for publishing a 162-year-old Elsewhere in his remarks, by the Ottoman Turks in 1453. Meanwhile, parts of Romania were also occupied by cooperation document between Zarafshan pointed to the documents Austria for a while till the year 1877, in which Romania emerged as independent. Iran and Austria. between Iran and Austria in the Romania covers an area of 237500 sq km. Its capital is Bucharest. 1005 lunar years ago, on this day in 436 AH, the great scholar and jurisprudent, Zarafshan made the remarks at field of cooperation of the two Seyyed Ali Ibn Hussain, popularly known as Sharif Murtaza, passed away at the the venue of National Archive countries in different economic age of 81 in his hometown Baghdad. He was born in a family descended on both of Iran on Wednesday in the sectors, technology transfer, in sides from Prophet Mohammad (blessings of God upon him and his progeny). His inaugural ceremony of Iranian aviation and transport industries, th father Hussain was 5 in line of descent from Imam Musa al-Kazem (AS), while and Austrian documents in the import and export activities and his mother, Fatema – a scion of the family that had carved out an independent state in Tabaristan on the Caspian Sea coast of Iran – was a descendant of Imam presence of Austrian ambassador added, “the old documents of the Zain al-Abedin (AS). It was she who entrusted her two sons, as students, to the to Iran and stated, “national two countries date back to pre- great scholar, Sheikh Mufid, who on her insistence had written one of his famous archives are heritage and history of Islamic Revolution era in the field books “Ahkam an-Nisa” or jurisprudential rules for women. Sharif Murtaza’s vast nations. In other words, archives of tourism.” knowledge earned him the title of ‘Alam al-Huda’ (Banner of Guidance). He wrote and documents are similar to He went on to say that a some 66 books and treatises on a variety of topics such as theology, jurisprudence, Qur’anic sciences, grammar, literature, and poetry. This leading Mujtahed served for mirrors that manifest the history 162-year-old cooperation 30 years as the Chief Judge of Baghdad, and was highly respected by all, including of nations.” document between Iran and Sunni Muslims. Acknowledged as the greatest scholar of his era, during the rule of Turning to the oldest Austria will be published in the the Iranian Buwaiyhid Dynasty over Iraq-Iran-Oman, he groomed many outstanding TEHRAN (MNA) – Deputy Republic of Iran and Austria. cooperation document between form of document in quadruple ulema, including the famous Iranian scholar Shaikh at-Ta’efa Tusi – the founder of Iran and Austria in Iran’s National cooperation and collaboration of the celebrated Islamic Seminary of Najaf. Sharif Murtaza was the elder brother of Head of the National Library He emphasized the need for the equally prominent, Sharif Radhi, the compiler of the famous book “Nahj al- and Archives of Iran (NLAI) Ali exchanging documents of the Archive, he said, “this document National Library and Archives Balagha” – the collection of the sermons, letters and maxims of the Commander Zarafshan called for publishing National Archive of Iran with dates backs to 162 years ago of Iran (NLAI), Iranian Ministry of the Faithful, Imam Ali (AS). His books include “al-Intisar”, “ash-Shafi”, “at- a 162-year-old cooperation Austria’s National Archive within and is related to the parts of a of Foreign Affairs, Iran-Austria Tanzih al-Anbiyya”, “al-Ghurar wa’d-Durar” and “Zakhirat al-Usul al-Fiqh”, as documents between Islamic the framework of a proposal convention that has been drawn Joint Chamber of Commerce and well as a Diwan containing over 20,000 of his Arabic verses. up in Paris.” Austrian Embassy to Iran. 798 solar years ago, on this day in 1221 AD, King Alfonso X of Castile was born in the occupied Islamic city of Toledo in Spain, and succeeded his father, Ferdinand III to the throne in 1252. During his 32-year rule, although he was successful against Portugal, and occupied the Muslim regions of Murcia and Cadiz, he suffered Big Success Animation Hits Screens in Russia shattering defeats at the hands of Spanish Muslims when he tried to invade the Nasirid emirate of Granada. Twice his armies were defeated, especially in the Battle TEHRAN (IFILM) -- Iran’s high- Besides shining at the Iranian of Ecija in 1275, and he lost his sons in combat. The important work undertaken by grossing animation ‘The Elephant box office, ‘The Elephant him was the study and translation of Arabic scientific books into the Castilian and King’ has hit the silver screens in King’ was ranked among Latin languages, in order to acquire knowledge from Muslims and break out from the dark ages into which the Christian Church had plunged Europe. Russia. bestselling titles at box office Directed by Hadi Mohammadian, in Lebanon. 771 solar years ago, on this day in 1248 AD, the Islamic city of al-Ishbiliya in the 90-minute animation kicked off Set in Africa, the animation southern Spain was occupied by European Christian mercenaries of King Ferdinand III of Castile and renamed Seville, marking the end of over five centuries of glorious screening on Saturday November narrates the story of an elephant Islamic culture. Until 1228, twenty years before its fall, it had served as the capital 16, 2019 at some 400 movie who rules over its group like a of the last great Spanish Muslim dynasty, the al-Muwahhedun. The city, which theaters in Russia. king. produced leading Spanish Muslim scholars and scientists, still contains specimens Upon completion of the film’s The queen bears him a son and of Islamic art, and is called Seville today. dubbing in Russia, ‘The Elephant everybody expects the son to 508 solar years ago, on this day in 1511 AD, Sultan Mahmoud Shah I of Gujarat, King’ will also go on screen in replace his father as heir to the western India, died after a reign of 43 years. Popularly known as Begadha, for Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan throne. The clumsy baby elephant, conquering two cities named Junagadh and Pavagadh, he was the most prominent and the Republic of Azerbaijan. however, disappoints them all. sultan of Gujarat, and the great-grandson of Ahmad Shah I, the founder of the Muzaffarid dynasty and of the city of Ahmadabad. 466 solar years ago, on this day in 1553 AD, Italian physician and botanist, Prospero Inflammatory Processes Drive Progression of Alzheimer’s Alpini, was born in Marostica, in the Republic of Venice. His best-known works “De Medicina Egyptiorum” and “De Plantis Aegypti liber” (published in his native BONN (Dispatches) -- led by the German Center for Venice in 1591 & 1592) are said to contain the first account of the coffee plant Inflammation drives the progression Neurodegenerative Diseases published in Europe. of neurodegenerative brain diseases (DZNE) and the University of Bonn 375 solar years ago, on this day in 1644 AD, English poet, scholar, and polemical and plays a major role in the findings are based on the analyses author, John Milton, published “Areopagitica”, a pamphlet decrying censorship. accumulation of tau proteins within of human brain tissue and further “Areopagitica” is among history’s most influential and impassioned philosophical neurons. lab studies. In the particular case defences of the principle of a right to freedom of speech and expression. Tau proteins usually stabilize of Alzheimer’s the results reveal 286 solar years ago, on this day in 1733 AD, start of the so-called “Slave a neuron’s skeleton. However, a hitherto unknown connection Insurrection” on St. John (presently US-controlled Virgin Islands) in what was in Alzheimer’s disease, between Abeta and tau pathology. then the Danish West Indies. Some 150 Africans from Akwamu (in present-day frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Furthermore, the results indicate Ghana), who had been kidnapped and enslaved in the New World, revolted against the owners and managers of plantations. Lasting several months into August 1734, and other “tauopathies” these that inflammatory processes the rebellion was one of the earliest and longest of the so-called slave revolts in the proteins are chemically altered, represent a potential target for Americas. they detach from the cytoskeleton future therapies. 86 solar years ago, on this day in 1933 AD, Iranian author and thinker, Dr. Ali and stick together. As a Shariati, was born in a religious and academic family in Mazinan village near the consequence, the cell’s mechanical northeastern city of Sabzevar, Khorasan. Among his valuable books, mention can be made of “Islam and Mankind”, “Hajj”, “Marxism and Other Western Fallacies: stability is compromised to such an An Islamic Critique”, “Martyrdom”, “A Visage of Prophet Mohammad”, and extent that it dies off. In essence, “Fatemah is Fatemah.” “tau pathology” gives neurons Shariati passed away at the age of 44 in London, and his body was brought to Syria the deathblow. The current study and buried in Damascus in the mausoleum of Hazrat Zainab (SA) – the granddaughter led by Prof. Michael Heneka, of Prophet Mohammad (SAWA). director of the Department of 82 solar years ago, on this day in 1937 AD, Indian physicist and plant physiologist, Neurodegenerative Diseases Jagadish Chandra Bose, died at the age of 78. and Gerontopsychiatry at the 51 solar years ago, on this day in 1968 AD, Iranian lexicographer, linguist, and University of Bonn and a senior academic Dr. Hamid Hassani was born in Saqqez, Kurdistan Province. He has researcher at the DZNE, provides published 7 books and more than 120 papers on Persian, Arabic, and Kurdish language and literature, including “A Glossary of the Constitution of the Islamic new insights into why tau proteins Republic of Iran (in Persian: Farhang-e Mowzū`i-e Qānūn-e Asāsi-e Jomhūri-e are transformed. As it turns out, Islāmi-e Irān). inflammatory processes triggered 43 solar years ago, on this day in 1976 AD, French author, Andre Malraux, died by the brain’s immune system are a in his hometown Paris at the age of 75. He has left behind a large number of books driving force. including “Mankind’s Hope”. A particular protein complex, the 29 solar years ago, on this day in 1990 AD, Iranian musician, Mahdi Khaledi, died “NLRP3 inflammasome,” plays a at the age of 71. He was highly talented in music and taught new methods for playing central role for these processes, the the violin, which are currently put to use by the musicians. researchers report in Nature. Heneka 23 solar years ago, on this day in 1996 AD, famous Kenyan photographer of Indian and colleagues already studied this origin, Mohamed Amin died when his flight Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961 was macromolecule, which is located hijacked and crashed into the ocean near Grande Comore. He has authored numerous inside the brain’s immune cells, in books, including “Journey through Pakistan”, and “Pilgrimage to Mecca”; and covered various themes like East African Wildlife and the Uganda Railway. previous studies. It is a molecular switch that can trigger the release 3 solar years ago, on this day in 2016 AD, Iranian eulogist, Saleem Mo’azzen- of inflammatory substances. For Zadeh, passed away at the age of 80 in his hometown Ardabil. Born in a religious family, he was blessed with a good voice like his father and brothers. From a young the current study, the researchers age he displayed his vocal talents in recitation of elegies and eulogies at religious examined tissue samples from the gatherings, the recitation of the holy Qur’an as well as “Azan” or the call to prayer. brains of deceased FTD patients, For over six decades he served the cause of Islam, and used to say his wonderful cultured brain cells, and mice that voice is dedicated to Imam Husain (AS), and cannot be used for any frivolous exhibited hallmarks of Alzheimer’s purpose. and FTD. An exhibition showcasing Iranian nomads’ culture, lifestyle and products is underway in Arak, Markazi (Courtesy: IRIB English Radio – http://parstoday.com/en) An international research team province. Courtesy of Mehr News Agency