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Investigation of the Efficiency of Bank Mellat Branches of the Golestan Province Through Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA)

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Special Issue INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND March 2016 CULTURAL STUDIES ISSN 2356-5926 Investigation of the efficiency of bank Mellat branches of the Golestan province through stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) Mehdi Shokri1 Department of governmental management, Aliabad branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad, Iran Abstract The present study aims to explore the technical efficiency, the allocative efficiency, and the economic efficiency of the Mellat Bank branches in Golestan province and to determine the yields in proportion to their scale and rating using the Scochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) model which is based on economy-assessment models and micro-economics theories. Regarding the purpose, the research methodology seems to be practical and considering the method, it is considered to be causative and comparative in which the events were elicited from the past information. The statistical population of the research consists of 40 Bank Mellat branches in this Northern Province of Iran. To reach this goal, the identical research and literature were first investigated. After finding out input and output data ,the amount of efficiency of each branch during 2009-2011 was calculated. Then, with the help of the Scochastic Frontier Analysis model as well as the software "Frontier", efficiency of the branches was assessed and determined. The results of this 3-year research reveal that the mean of the technical efficiency, the allocative efficiency, and the economic efficiency in 2009 is 69.4, 59.8, and 44.8 respectively. While in 2010, the average of the technical efficiency is 70.8, the allocative efficiency is equal to 61, and the economic efficiency amounts to 47.4.In 2011, the mean of the technical efficiency, the allocative efficiency, and the economic efficiency amounts to 33.3, 44.3, and 18.5 respectively. It indicates that the means of the technical efficiency, the allocative efficiency, and the economic efficiency during 2010 in comparison to those in 2009 have increased. However, the means of the technical efficiency, the allocative efficiency as well as the economic efficiency in 2011 in comparison with 2010 have decreased. It shows that the main inefficiency is due to the inefficiency of (technical) management. Therefore, instead of paying attention to the size of the banks in terms of the amount of the banking operation volume, specialized staff such as experts and managers must be employed to promote the performance and improve the efficiency of the banks. Keywords: Technical Efficiency, Allocative Efficiency, Economic Efficiency, Yield in proportion to scale, Scochastic Frontier Analysis, Bank Mellat. 1 Correspond author, E-mail: [email protected] http://www.ijhcs.com/index.php/ijhcs/index Page 1435 Special Issue INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND March 2016 CULTURAL STUDIES ISSN 2356-5926 1. Introduction One of the key issues that dramatically noticed in the economics literature, is measuring the efficiency of production units, institutions and different organizations. This comes from the fact that in the current situation we are facing a shortage of resources and this limited and minimum resources should be allocate in a way that enable the organization to maximize the production of goods or services (Shokri, 2012). in developing countries, Low level of efficiency in many manufacturing and service organizations, is a major problem and lack of adequate amount of capital formation added to it; which is due to lack of financial inputs and financial markets of these countries. Because credit and financial inputs could reduce financing costs and increase the rate of capital formation by equipping their own resources and allocating them efficiently. In our country according to the climate of government banking system, and also banking law, investigation of the efficiency of the banking system and how to use resources to achieve these objectives, is from under discussion issues (Alvani et al, 2012). Despite the extensive studies in the field of banking industry inside and outside of the country, evaluating the efficiency of branches is less considered than the efficiency of the banking industry and despite the importance of the topic, studies in this field has not been attractive for researchers. Perhaps this is because of the governmental banking system in the past three decades and the lack of the transparency of banking data and purposes within the framework of economic criteria (maximizing profit). But now, performing such studies is considered to be useful; because of the climate of privatization of banks and necessity to increasing the tendency to efficiency (Karimi, 2002). One of the basic ways of the regulating improvement of the efficiency and effectiveness at the level of a bank is existing an effective network of the branches; and to this end it is necessary for each bank to be aware of the efficiency of its own branches and checking the factors affecting inefficiency of their branches and change inefficient branches to efficient ones by proper planning and correction and guidance (Khaled, 2004). Current study asserts that measuring the efficiency process of the bank Mellat branches of the Golestan province during a three-year period using stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). So the basic question of the current study is that how is the efficiency of the bank Mellat branches of the Golestan province using stochastic frontier analysis model. As well as the specific questions of the study are as follows: 1. Could the technical efficiency of bank Mellat branches of the Golestan province measured by stochastic frontier analysis model? 2. Could the Allocative efficiency of bank Mellat branches of the Golestan province measured by stochastic frontier analysis model? 3. Could the economical efficiency of bank Mellat branches of the Golestan province measured by stochastic frontier analysis model? 4. How look like the Status ratings of bank Mellat branches of the Golestan province using stochastic frontier analysis model? http://www.ijhcs.com/index.php/ijhcs/index Page 1436 Special Issue INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND March 2016 CULTURAL STUDIES ISSN 2356-5926 2. Literature review Based on the existing studies, generally there are two distinct ways to measuring efficiency, named parametric and non-parametric (Greene, 1980). Also there are two general approaches about how to order the outputs and data in the models that named mediator attitude and productive attitude. Past studies, have used different methods to measuring efficiency. For example, some of them are considered financial ratios as an indicator to measuring efficiency (Aigner & Chu, 1968). Since the production technology is always unknown, Inefficiency must be measured and compared by a criterion which is normally costs or production index that obtained through data and statistical tools (Aly et al., 1982). in fact, measurement of the efficiency or inefficiency is measure of the cost deviation or system data consumption from minimal which obtained before the statistical data. Generally, different methods for measuring efficiency, is largely dependent on the assumptions used to measure or estimate this comparing index (Berger and Humphrey, 1991). 3. Methodology The research method is descriptive from causal-comparative type. The data have been obtained by refering to the basic financial statements of bank Mellat branches of Golestan province. Data collection in this study is a combination of field and library studies; So that primarily collected data information is structured financial event which obtained by referring to the documents and financial statements of the Golestan province branches. Secondly, literature of the study collected by using to books, papers and theses. The statistical population in this study is consist of all bank Mellat branches of Golestan province which are 40 branches. Finally effectiveness and efficiency of the branches was measured by Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) method through Frontier software. 4. Statistical Analysis Statistical analysis included measurement of efficiency and the rating of bank Mellat branches in Golestan province are presented below in table format. 4.1. Results of the measurement of efficiency The results of measuring technical, allocative, and economic efficiency of the studied branches during period of 2008-2010 are presented in table 1. Table 1: Comparing technical, allocative, and economic efficiency of bank Melat branches of Golestan province (period of 2008-2010) No Technical efficiency Allocative efficiency Economic efficiency Name . 2008 2009 2010 2008 2009 2010 2008 2009 2010 1 Aq-ghala 59.6 47.0 14.0 44.0 39.2 32.4 26.2 18.4 4.5 2 Bandargaz 100 100 25.1 94.2 96.4 50.7 94.2 96.4 12.7 Bandar 3 89.7 83.9 21.3 63.6 56.6 35.5 57.0 47.5 7.6 Turkmen Ali abad 4 (Bulvar 82.1 75.0 30.2 45.5 40.2 30.0 37.4 30.2 9.1 Jahad) 5 Gonbad 35.6 31 7.5 25.2 23.2 20.9 8.8 7.2 1.6 http://www.ijhcs.com/index.php/ijhcs/index Page 1437 Special Issue INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND March 2016 CULTURAL STUDIES ISSN 2356-5926 Kavoos (Imam Khomeini) Gorgan 6 (Imam 40.5 32.9 30.7 36.3 35.6 27.1 14.7 11.7 8.3 Khomeini) Ali abad 7 (Imam 59.2 59.4 12.9 58.9 58 47.6 34.9 34.5 6.1 Reza) Gorgan 8 (Imam 100 100 24.8 71.1 66.6 54.7 71.1 66.6 13.6 Reza) Gorgan 9 (Karimi 60.9 52.5 20.9 55.5 50.1 30.1 33.8 26.3 6.3 Sq) 10 Fazal abad 53.6 49.2 13.8 48.8 48.0 35.9 26.2 23.6 5 Gorgan 11 55.8 55 33.0 45.0 46.0 26.4 25.1 25.3 8.7 (Felestin) 12 Galikesh 29.3 21.3 6.4 34.4 33.1 31.3 10.1 7.1 2.0
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