2020 2nd International Conference on Education, Economics and Information Management (EEIM 2020) ISBN: 978-1-60595-684-8

Research on Comprehensive Evaluation of Science and Technology Innovation Ability of Universities in Province Hong JI1,2,a,* and Jin-jin WANG2 1Jiangxi Normal University Science and Technology College, Gongqingcheng, Jiangxi,

2School of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, , Jiangxi, China

[email protected]

*Corresponding author

Keywords: Regional Colleges and Universities, Technological Innovation Ability, Factor Analysis Method, Evaluation System.

Abstract. The strength of scientific and technological innovation is an important criterion to measure the comprehensive strength of a country. Improving the strength of scientific and technological innovation is an important part of improving the country's comprehensive national strength and enhancing its international voice. As an important part of the national scientific research team, universities play an important role in improving the national technological innovation strength. This paper constructs an evaluation index system for the technological innovation ability of colleges in Jiangxi Province, and selects 34 universities in Jiangxi Province as samples, and uses factor analysis and SPSS23 statistical analysis software to analyze the technological innovation capabilities of the sample universities. The results show that the overall input and output capacity of technological innovation is relatively low, which is far behind that of universities in other developed provinces, especially key universities.

1. Introduction As an important part of the national technology innovation system, universities undertake the functions of integrating, creating, processing, and disseminating knowledge, producing high-tech achievements, promoting high-tech industrialization, transforming scientific and technological achievements, and cultivating a large number of technological innovation talents. In the process of implementing new industrialization, optimizing the industrial structure, and transforming the economic development mode, Jiangxi Province needs strong scientific and technological strength as a support force, and must continuously increase investment in technological innovation of universities, and use "use innovation to make cities prosper, use innovation to make cities develop faster" as the development benchmark , it can give full play to the driving role of innovation, so that universities can play an important role in promoting the transformation of economic development mode and promoting regional economic growth. Constructing and optimizing the evaluation system of the technological innovation capability of universities in Jiangxi Province and comprehensively evaluating the scientific and technological innovation strength of the universities in Jiangxi Province have an important influence in promoting the construction of regional technological innovation capabilities.

2. Principles for the Design of Evaluation Indexes for Technological Innovation Ability of Jiangxi Universities The establishment of a scientific and effective evaluation index system for scientific and

94 technological innovation capabilities of universities is very important to enrich and develop the theoretical connotation of national technological innovation capabilities, strengthen the basic support for innovation capabilities, and improve the power of scientific and technological progress in order to promote regional economic growth. Universities should make full use of their own advantages, strengthen school-enterprise, school-school cooperation, continuously improve the structure of production, education and research, and fully develop the potential for technological innovation.[1] 2.1. Scientific Principle The principle of scientificity requires that research must be developed scientifically, and that information and data are true, correct and objective. Evaluation indicators are also established under the guidance of scientific thinking and analysis with real and reliable data.

2.2. Operability Principle The principle of operability requires that the established evaluation index system of technological innovation capabilities of universities is easy to collect and quantify, and the conclusions drawn are universal. The established evaluation indicators should be used for future innovation ability evaluation.

2.3. Comprehensive Principle The evaluation of scientific and technological innovation capabilities of universities is a comprehensive, systematic, and highly hierarchical work, covering all aspects from the local to the whole.

3. The Design of the Evaluation Index for the Scientific and Technological Innovation Ability of Universities in Jiangxi Province The technological innovation of universities should include three parts: talents, knowledge and material resources. According to the perspective based on the process of university technology innovation, technology innovation of university mainly includes input and output. This article follows the above principles and establishes a set of indicator systems, including two first-level indicators: scientific and technological innovation input capacity and scientific and technological innovation output capacity; five secondary indicators ： human resource input capacity, technological funding input capacity, project input capacity, technological writing output capacity , technological output capacity; 15 three-level indicators: the number of scientific research personnel, scientific research personnel with senior professional titles, research and development personnel, full-time equivalent personnel in research and development, technological funds allocated in the current year, internal expenditures of technological funds in the current year, total number of topics, number of people invested in the current year, and current year of the topic Appropriation funds, project expenditures in the current year, number of monographs, published academic papers, number of appraisal results, number of technology transfers and contracts signed, actual income of the year of technology transfer.

95 4. Analysis of the Scientific and Technological Innovation Ability of Universities in Jiangxi Province 4.1. Data Sources and Research Methods The factor analysis method was proposed by the British psychologist Spearman, which refers to the method of extracting a few unrelated factors from variables with complex relationships. This paper selects the method of factor analysis and uses SPSS23 software to analyze the selected sample data of 34 universities in Jiangxi Province in 2017, and comprehensively evaluate the technological innovation capabilities of universities in Jiangxi Province. The research data in this article comes from the "2017 University Science and Technology Statistics Collection".[2]

4.2. KMO and Bartlett Sphericity Test Before performing factor analysis, KMO and Bartlett's sphericity test must be performed first. The value is between 0 and 1. The closer the KMO is to 1, the stronger the correlation between the variables. After testing, the KMO test value is 0.728, indicating that the correlation between the index variables is strong, and the effect of factor analysis is better at this time.

4.3. Analysis of Eigenvalue and Variance Contribution The KMO test proves that the index system constructed is highly relevant, so the factor analysis method is used to calculate the initial eigenvalues, cumulative contribution rate, and cumulative contribution rate of the index system after rotation.[3] The initial eigenvalues of the two principal components extracted are 10.423 and 1.625, both of which are greater than 1, and their contribution rates are 69.484% and 10.835% respectively. The cumulative contribution rate is 80.319%, which exceeds 80%.The principal components are named F1 and F2, and are used as new indicators to evaluate the scientific and technological innovation capabilities of universities in Jiangxi Province.

4.4. Factor Loading Matrix The above data has not been standardized, so the factors cannot be compared, and no reasonable explanation can be made for the extracted common factors. Here, the maximum variance method is used to rotate the data to obtain the rotation component matrix, and further explain the common factors.The details are shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Rotation component matrix. ingredient coding index F1 F2 c1 Teaching and research staff .892 -.068 c2 Number of teaching and research personnel with senior professional titles .878 .217 c3 Research and development staff .939 .239 c4 Research and development full-time equivalent personnel .939 .238 c5 Science and technology funds allocated in the year .780 .547 c6 Internal expenditure of science and technology expenditures .787 .520 c7 Total number of topics .687 .477 c8 Number of participants in the project during the year .941 .236 c9 Funds allocated for the project that year .738 .583 c10 Expenditure for the project in the current year .704 .553 c11 Number of monographs .427 .612 c12 Number of academic papers published .881 .238 c13 Number of identification results -.026 .784 c14 Number of technology transfer contracts signed .175 .835 c15 Actual income for the year of technology transfer .653 .516

96 Table 1 shows that the principal component F1 has a large load on indicators such as C1(teaching and research personnel), C2 (the number of teaching and research personnel with senior professional titles), C3 (research and development personnel), C4 (research and development full-time equivalent personnel). F1 is explained by these indicators from the three aspects, such as human resource investment, science and technology investment, and project investment. This article refers to F1 as the technological innovation input factor. The principal component F2 has a large load on indicators such as C11 (number of monographs), C13 (number of appraisal results), C14 (number of technology transfers and signed contracts). F2 is explained by these indicators from the output capacity of technological works and the output capacity of technology. F2 is called the technological innovation output factor in this article.

4.5. College Overall Score Ranking The variance contribution rate after rotation of each factor is used as the weight for weighted summary, and the comprehensive score of the evaluation of technological innovation ability of universities in Jiangxi Province: F=0.55828F1+0.24491F2.Using SPSS23 statistical analysis software to analyze the original data of 34 universities in Jiangxi Province's and technological innovation ability indicators, the comprehensive score ranking of 34 universities in Jiangxi Province was obtained.

Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China Jiaotong University, and Nanchang Hangkong University are among the top three universities in Jiangxi Province in terms of scientific and technological innovation capabilities. This is because they have high financial and human resources investment. The details are shown in Table 2.

97 Table 2. Comprehensive scores and rankings of technological innovation of universities in Jiangxi Province. University F Rank Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1.33 1 East China Jiaotong University 1.26 2 Nanchang Aeronautical University 1.23 3 East China Institute of Technology 1.21 4 Jiangxi Agricultural University 1.02 5 Jiangxi University of Science and Technology .90 6 Jiangxi Normal University .61 7 Gannan Medical College .18 8 Ceramic University .15 9 University .15 10 Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University .11 11 Nanchang Institute of Technology .01 12 Jiangxi University of Science and Technology -.01 13 Yichun University -.02 14 Gannan Normal University -.03 15 Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics -.22 16 Nanchang Institute of Technology -.28 17 College -.28 18 Normal University -.30 19 Nanchang Institute of Technology -.37 20 College -.39 21 Jingdezhen College -.42 22 Jiangxi University of Applied Sciences -.43 23 Jiangxi Institute of Technology -.46 24 Jiangxi Police Academy -.46 25 School of Applied Science, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology -.47 26 East China University of Technology Yangtze River College -.48 27 East China Jiaotong University Institute of Technology -.49 28 School of Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine -.50 29 Jiangxi Institute of Fashion Technology -.51 30 School of Science and Technology, Gannan Normal University -.51 31 Gongqing College of -.51 32 School of Science and Technology, Jiangxi Normal University -.52 33 Nanchang School of Business, Jiangxi Agricultural University -.52 34

5. Comprehensive Evaluation of Technological Innovation Ability of Universities in Jiangxi Province 5.1. Technological Innovation Investment Capacity In recent years, in order to improve the capacity of technological innovation, the state has continuously increased its investment in the field of technological innovation of universities, and the investment capacity of technological innovation of colleges in Jiangxi Province has also been greatly improved. In terms of manpower, from 2014 to 2017, the proportion of R&D personnel in colleges and universities in Jiangxi Province accounted for 1.46%, 1.68%, 1.80%, and 1.80% respectively, showing an upward trend year by year. However, compared with other developed provinces, they are still lagging behind. In 2007,the number of R&D application and technology service personnel in universities in Jiangxi Province ranks 17th in the country, which is located in the middle and lower reaches of the province.In terms of the province, as shown in Table 2, in term of R&D personnel, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Nanchang Hangkong University , East China University of Science and Technology ranks among the top three universities in Jiangxi Province with 441, 357, and 317. Other schools in the province have less than 300 people about this figure, and Jiangxi Institute of Applied Science and Technology, and

98 there is a serious shortage about scientific research personnel in some universities in the province, resulting in backward scientific research strength of universities and slow progress. In terms of investment in science and technology, the state's investment in this area has continued to grow in recent years. The top three universities in Jiangxi Province in 2017 were East China University of Technology, Nanchang Hangkong University, and East China Jiaotong University, with funding of 146914 ( Thousand yuan), 115734 (thousand yuan), 114008 (thousand yuan). The internal expenditures for science and technology of these three universities accounted for 40.7% of the 34 universities in Jiangxi Province that year. In addition, the internal expenditures for scientific research projects of the three universities of Nanchang Institute of Technology, East China Communications Institute of Technology, indicating that resources were concentrated in the hands of a few universities.

5.2. Technological Innovation Output Capacity There is a large gap in scientific and technological innovation output capacity of universities in Jiangxi Province, and the development level of scientific and technological innovation capacity of universities in Jiangxi Province is relatively low, which is far behind some developed provinces.In 2017, the number of monographs from 34 universities in Jiangxi Province was 65, and the number of monographs from Peking University was 56; the number of technology transfers and contracts signed by 34 universities in Jiangxi Province totaled 44 in 2017;About the number of technology transfers and signed contracts, Gannan Normal University、East China Jiaotong University、and Jiangxi University of Science and Technology are top three in the ranking , with 9、8、and 8 respectively. Among the 34 universities in Jiangxi Province, there are 23 universities in the number of technology transfers and contracts signed is zero. In general, the output capacity of technological innovation capacity of universities in Jiangxi Province is relatively low, and there is a large gap in development with key universities.

6. Conclusion As an important part of the national innovation system, universities strive to develop technology education and expand the talent team, which is a decisive factor in enhancing the national competitiveness. The economic development speed of Jiangxi Province is relatively backward in the six central provinces. Improving the scientific and technological innovation capabilities of universities in Jiangxi Province is of great significance for transforming the economic development mode and realizing the innovation of the province. This article constructs an index system from two aspects: the input and output of technological innovation in universities. Using indicators such as teaching and scientific research personnel, research and development personnel, technological funding in the year, internal expenditures of technological funding, academic papers published, the number of monographs, and the number of contracts signed for technology transfer to analyze and evaluate the technological innovation capabilities of universities in Jiangxi Province. The results showed that universities in the province have insufficient investment in technology and a serious shortage of scientific research personnel. At the same time, technological innovation capacity of universities in Jiangxi Province is relatively low.

99 Acknowledgment This paper is one of the research results of “Study on the Impact of Jiangxi University's Technological Innovation on Regional Economic Growth” in the Research Project of Science and Technology of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education.

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