DOCSLIB.ORG

African American Firefighter Museum

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
African American Firefighter Museum THE COMMUNITY REDEVELOPMENT AGENCY OF THE CITY OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA M E M O R A N D U M 2 DATE: OCTOBER 21, 2010 CI6130 TO: CRA/LA BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS FROM: CHRISTINE ESSEL, CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER CRA/LA STAFF: DAVID RICITIELLO, REGIONAL ADMINISTRATOR LEN BETZ, PROJECT MANAGER SUSAN GRAY, CULTURAL ARTS PLANNER SUBJECT: African American Firefighter Museum. Adoption of findings and authorization to expend up to $25,000 for Public Improvements at the African American Firefighter Museum consisting of a tribute to Arnett L. Hartsfield at 1401 South Central Avenue in the Central Industrial Redevelopment Project Area. DOWNTOWN REGION (CD9) RECOMMENDATIONS That the CRA/LA Board of Commissioners, subject to City Council review and approval: 1. Adopt, and request that City Council adopt, a joint resolution pursuant to Section 33445 of the California Health and Safety Code finding that: (i) the payment use of $25,000 in CRA/LA Central Industrial Redevelopment Project Area tax increment funds for the development of the Arnett L. Hartsfield tribute (“Public Improvement”) to be installed on public property at the African American Firefighter Museum, at Fire Station #30 located at 1401 South Central Avenue, within the Central Industrial Redevelopment Project Area, will benefit the Project Area by eliminating blight within the Project Area; (ii) the proposed expenditure is the only reasonable means of financing the Public Improvement; and (iii) the development of the Public Improvement is consistent with the five-year implementation plan for the Project Area. 2. Authorize the Chief Executive Officer or designee to execute an agreement with the California Artist Coalition of Los Angeles (CACLA) providing funding in an amount not to exceed $25,000 for said Public Improvements. SUMMARY The Public Improvements will be dedicated as a tribute to Arnett L. Hartsfield, a local black firefighter, who was at the forefront of integrating fire stations in the 1950s. The tribute will be designed by renowned Los Angeles artist Artis Lane and will be installed in the courtyard of African American Firefighter Museum at 1401 South Central Avenue, which is publically owned and open to the public to enjoy and for use during civic ceremonies and events. AAFM ARNETT L. HARTFIELD PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS 2 PREVIOUS ACTIONS February 15, 1985 - City Council adopted the Cultural Historical Landmark designation (CF# 84- 2225) January 21, 2010 - Cultural Affairs Commission approved the public art projects for the African American Firefighters Museum, under the condition that the project will go to the Public Art Committee of the Department of Cultural Affairs for technical review. June 17, 2010 - The Public Art Committee of the Department of Cultural Affairs reviewed and approved the project. DISCUSSION & BACKGROUND Location The African American Firefighter Museum is a 501c(3) non-profit organization, which is housed in a building listed as Cultural Historical Landmark number 289. The museum is located at 1401 South Central Avenue, in what was Fire Station 30, at the northern end of historic Central Avenue. The facility currently consists of exhibition space, meeting rooms and landscaped courtyard. Developer Entity The City of Los Angeles Selection Process Artist: CACLA conducted the artist selection process, and identified Artis Lane as the most appropriate candidate to portray Hartsfield. Lane is a prominent Los Angeles artist, and her accomplishments include works dedicated to Sojourner Truth in the United States Capitol, Washington DC, and Rosa Parks at the Smithsonian Institute National Portrait Gallery. Lane has been honored with a retrospective at the California African American Museum and the Nelson Mandela Courage Award for TransAfrica Forum. Description and Project Context CRA/LA has had a long-standing commitment to the Arts and Humanities, recognizing that they play a significant role in the overall revitalization, stabilization, growth and sustainability of communities, and has received numerous awards from the Public Art Network of the Americans for the Arts. CRA/LA initiated tribute projects in Hollywood, North Hollywood, East Hollywood, Chinatown and Wilmington, and based on the positive response to these projects, has embarked upon a similar project to provide assistance for the Hartsfield tribute at the African American Firefighter Museum. Arnett L. Hartsfield was already a man of distinction when he joined the Los Angeles Fire Department in 1940. A graduate of the University of Southern California, Hartsfield was the only person in his family to earn a bachelor's degree and upon graduation became an examining assistant for the Civil Service in California. Moreover, for his service in World War II, Hartsfield won a Bronze Star. Hartsfield served in the Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD) between 1940 and 1961. For all but five of Hartsfield's years of service, the fire department was segregated, and it was nearly impossible for blacks to earn promotions. His foray into firefighting was his first AAFM ARNETT L. HARTFIELD PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS 3 experience with segregation. He was not allowed to participate in the fire academy, where LAFD recruits went for training, because it was an overnight program, and blacks were forbidden to spend the night with white firefighters. Instead of training, Hartsfield was directed to a "colored only" fire station at Central Avenue and 14th Street, one of two such stations. Despite his accomplishments prior to joining the LAFD, and the fact that well into his firefighting career Hartsfield earned a law degree from the University of California, Los Angeles, he never received a single promotion during his two decades in LAFD. Upon retiring from the LAFD, Hartsfield used his background to advocate for African Americans by teaching in a black studies department of California State University, Long Beach, and practicing law. To ensure that the struggles these firefighters endured would never be forgotten, Hartsfield authored a book about the city's first black firemen called "The Old Stentorians” and led the effort to open the African American Firefighters Museum in 1997. In 2007 the LAFD honored Hartsfield with a lifetime achievement award. This public art tribute will memorialize his accomplishments and service for the benefit of the general public. The African American Firefighter Museum (AAFM) is housed at old Fire Station 30, which was established in 1913, to serve the Central Avenue community. It was one of two segregated fire stations in Los Angeles, between 1924 and 1955. The Museum is in the process of building a series of exhibits that include a wide array of firefighting paraphernalia, including vintage engines, including a 1940 Pirsch ladder truck and a 1890 hose wagon, uniforms, badges, helmets, displays of African American Women firefighters, photographs, and other authentic firefighting artifacts from the fire service dating back to 1924. In addition, the Museum engages visitors in an examination of human relations through the stories of the "Old Stentorians", men who worked during the periods of segregation and desegregation, and offers an opportunity to explore and learn from the actions that allowed them to excel despite adversity. Admission to the Museum is free for individual visitors, and the facility is available for rentals for special events such as receptions, banquets, book signings and speaker’s forums. CRA/LA Art Program staff worked closely with CACLA and AAFM on the proposed placement of tribute in order to make sure that it was fully visible to the public, and to see that a local artist create the design. The tribute will be fabricated from bronze and mounted onto a granite base with security lighting for evenings will eliminate the risk of theft and vandalism. CACLA anticipates that the tribute can completed within six months of release of the funds. Project History CACLA and AAFM have collaborated on the AAFM public art program for the past 3 years. The Tribute proposal has received approval from the Department of Cultural Affairs. AAFM ARNETT L. HARTFIELD PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS 4 Community Benefits CACLA has demonstrated commitment is to bring diverse, high standard, professional visual arts projects and programming to the greater Los Angeles area, and has worked closely with the commercial and non-profit sectors to promote the arts and to make Los Angeles an important regional Cultural Destination. With community input, staff has planned to dedicate the funds towards this effort for the Project Area. This program is in keeping with the CRA/LA’s objective of attracting and retaining high quality, financially responsible, and community-based arts organizations within its Project Areas, and collaborating with local artists on urban design projects. The addition of Lane’s artwork to this location and the tribute to Harnett’s outstanding accomplishments will help draw residents and tourists to one of the Project Area’s most important cultural anchors, with the intention of promoting an identity for Central Avenue as a popular regional cultural destination. This program is in keeping with the CRA/LA’s objective of attracting and retaining talented and community-based artists within its Project Areas, and collaborating with local artists on urban design projects. Findings Pursuant to Section 33445 of the California Redevelopment Law, the CRA/LA with the consent of the legislative body, may expend tax increment funds to pay for public improvements within or contiguous to a project area, if the legislative body can make certain findings. The attached Resolution makes the following findings: 1) T he Public Improvement is of benefit to the Central Industrial Redevelopment Project Area in that it will assist in eliminating one or more blighting conditions within the Project Area by removing one or more blighted conditions by providing a safe environment through mechanisms such as museums and community facilities that reflect the various ethnicities and cultures of the community. 2) T he City and CRA/LA staff have found, after pursuing an investigation of funding from the City, that no other reasonable means of financing the Public Improvement is available to the City.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • LDF Mourns the Loss of Congressman John Lewis, Legendary and Beloved Civil Rights Icon Today, LDF Mourns the Loss of the Honora
    LDF Mourns the Loss of Congressman John Lewis, Legendary and Beloved Civil Rights Icon Today, LDF mourns the loss of The Honorable John Lewis, an esteemed member of Congress and revered civil rights icon with whom our organization has a deeply personal history. Mr. Lewis passed away on July 17, 2020, following a battle with pancreatic cancer. He was 80 years old. “I don’t know of another leader in this country with the moral standing of Rep. John Lewis. His life and work helped shape the best of our national identity,” said Sherrilyn Ifill, LDF’s President & Director-Counsel. “We revered him not only for his work and sacrifices during the Civil Rights Movement, but because of his unending, stubborn, brilliant determination to press for justice and equality in this country. “There was no cynicism in John Lewis; no hint of despair even in the darkest moments. Instead, he showed up relentlessly with commitment and determination - but also love, and joy and unwavering dedication to the principles of non-violence. He spoke up and sat-in and stood on the front lines – and risked it all. This country – every single person in this country – owes a debt of gratitude to John Lewis that we can only begin to repay by following his demand that we do more as citizens. That we ‘get in the way.’ That we ‘speak out when we see injustice’ and that we keep our ‘eyes on the prize.’” The son of sharecroppers, Mr. Lewis was born on Feb. 21, 1940, outside of Troy, Alabama. He grew up attending segregated public schools in the state’s Pike County and, as a boy, was inspired by the work of civil rights activists, including Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • When Rosa Parks Died in 2005, She Lay in Honor in the Rotunda of the Capitol, the First Woman and Only the Second Person of Color to Receive That Honor
    >> When Rosa Parks died in 2005, she lay in honor in the Rotunda of the Capitol, the first woman and only the second person of color to receive that honor. When Congress commissioned a statue of her, it became the first full-length statue of an African American in the Capitol. It was unveiled on what would have been her 100th birthday. I sat down with some of my colleagues to talk about their personal memories of these events at the Capitol and the stories that they like to tell about Rosa Parks to visitors on tour. [ Music ] You're listening to "Shaping History: Women in Capitol Art" produced by the Capitol Visitor Center. Our mission is to inform, involve, and inspire every visitor to the United States Capitol. I'm your host, Janet Clemens. [ Music ] I'm here with my colleagues, and fellow visitor guides, Douglas Ike, Ronn Jackson, and Adriane Norman. Everyone, welcome to the podcast. >> Thank you. >> Thank you. >> Great to be here. >> Nice to be here. >> There are four of us around this table. I did some quick math, and this is representing 76 years of combined touring experience at the Capitol. And I'm the newbie here with only a decade [laughter]. Before we begin, I'm going to give my colleagues the opportunity to introduce themselves. >> I'm Douglas Ike, visitor guide here at the U.S. Capitol Building. I am approaching 17 years as a tour guide here at the Capitol. >> Adriane Norman, visitor guide, October 11, 1988, 32 years. >> Ronn Jackson, approaching 18 years.
    [Show full text]
  • New LAPD Chief Shares His Policing Vision with South L.A. Black Leaders
    Abess Makki Aims to Mitigate The Overcomer – Dr. Bill Water Crises First in Detroit, Then Releford Conquers Major Setback Around the World to Achieve Professional Success (See page A-3) (See page C-1) VOL. LXXVV, NO. 49 • $1.00 + CA. Sales Tax THURSDAY, DECEMBERSEPTEMBER 12 17,- 18, 2015 2013 VOL. LXXXV NO 25 $1.00 +CA. Sales Tax“For Over “For Eighty Over EightyYears TheYears Voice The ofVoice Our of Community Our Community Speaking Speaking for Itselffor Itself” THURSDAY, JUNE 21, 2018 The event was a 'thank you card' to the Los Angeles community for a rich history of support and growth together. The organization will continue to celebrate its 50th milestone throughout the year. SPECIAL TO THE SENTINEL Proclamations and reso- lutions were awarded to the The Brotherhood Cru- organization, including a sade, is a community orga- U.S. Congressional Records nization founded in 1968 Resolution from the 115th by civil rights activist Wal- Congress (House of Repre- ter Bremond. For 35 years, sentatives) Second Session businessman, publisher and by Congresswoman Karen civil rights activist Danny J. Bass, 37th Congressional Bakewell, Sr. led the Institu- District of California. tion and last week, Brother- Distinguished guests hood Crusade president and who attended the event in- CEO Charisse Bremond cluded: Weaver hosted a 50th Anni- CA State Senator Holly versary Community Thank Mitchell; You Event on Friday, June CA State Senator Steve 15, 2018 at the California CA State Assemblymember Science Center in Exposi- Reggie Jones-Sawyer; tion Park. civil rights advocate and The event was designed activist Danny J.
    [Show full text]
  • Teaching Tolerance
    TEACHING TOLERANCE TOLERANCE.ORG BEYOND ROSA PARKS Interview with Mary McLeod Bethune This document is a transcript of an interview apparently conducted in about 1939 or 1940 by Dr. Charles Spurgeon Johnson, an authority on race relations who chaired the Sociology Department and was later the first black president at traditionally-black Fisk University. I think that possibly the first and real wound that which I was born. She kept up these relations. Very I could feel in my soul and my mind was the reali- often I was taken along after I was old enough, and zation of the dense darkness and ignorance that I on one of these occasions I remember my mother found in myself—when I did find myself—with the went over to do some special work for this family seeming absence of a remedy. What I mean by that of Wilsons, and I was with her. I went out into what was the recognition of the lack of opportunity. I they called their play house in the yard where they could see little white boys and girls going to school did their studying. They had pencils, slates, maga- every day, learning to read and write; living in com- zines and books. fortable homes with all types of opportunities for growth and service and to be surrounded as I was I picked up one of the books … and one of the girls with no opportunity for school life, no chance to said to me—“You can’t read that—put that down. I grow—I found myself very often yearning all along will show you some pictures over here,” and when for the things that were being provided for the white she said to me “You can’t read that—put that down” children with whom I had to chop cotton every day, it just did something to my pride and to my heart or pick corn, or whatever my task happened to be.
    [Show full text]
  • Women in the Modern Civil Rights Movement
    Women in the Modern Civil Rights Movement Introduction Research Questions Who comes to mind when considering the Modern Civil Rights Movement (MCRM) during 1954 - 1965? Is it one of the big three personalities: Martin Luther to Consider King Jr., Malcolm X, or Rosa Parks? Or perhaps it is John Lewis, Stokely Who were some of the women Carmichael, James Baldwin, Thurgood Marshall, Ralph Abernathy, or Medgar leaders of the Modern Civil Evers. What about the names of Septima Poinsette Clark, Ella Baker, Diane Rights Movement in your local town, city or state? Nash, Daisy Bates, Fannie Lou Hamer, Ruby Bridges, or Claudette Colvin? What makes the two groups different? Why might the first group be more familiar than What were the expected gender the latter? A brief look at one of the most visible events during the MCRM, the roles in 1950s - 1960s America? March on Washington, can help shed light on this question. Did these roles vary in different racial and ethnic communities? How would these gender roles On August 28, 1963, over 250,000 men, women, and children of various classes, effect the MCRM? ethnicities, backgrounds, and religions beliefs journeyed to Washington D.C. to march for civil rights. The goals of the March included a push for a Who were the "Big Six" of the comprehensive civil rights bill, ending segregation in public schools, protecting MCRM? What were their voting rights, and protecting employment discrimination. The March produced one individual views toward women of the most iconic speeches of the MCRM, Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a in the movement? Dream" speech, and helped paved the way for the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and How were the ideas of gender the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
    [Show full text]
  • Rep. Bass Elected to Chair House Subcommittee on Africa, Global
    Rep. Bass Elected To Chair House Subcommittee On Africa, Global Jan Perry Declares Candidacy Health, Global Human Rights and for Los Angeles County Supervi- International Organizations sor (See page A-2) (See page A-14) VOL. LXXVV, NO. 49 • $1.00 + CA. Sales Tax THURSDAY, DECEMBER 12 - 18, 2013 VOL. LXXXV NO. 05, $1.00 +CA. Sales “ForTax Over “For Eighty Over Eighty Years TheYears Voice The Voiceof Our of Community Our Community Speaking Speaking for forItself Itself” THURSDAY, JANUARY 31, 2019 BY NIELE ANDERSON Staff Writer James Ingram’s musi- cal career will forever be carved in the Grammy ar- chives and Billboard 100 charts. His rich and soulful vocals ruled the R&B and Pop charts in the 80’s and 90’s. Ingram was discov- ered by Quincy Jones on a demo for the hit, Just Once, written by Barry Mann and FILE PHOTO Cynthia Weil, which he sang for $50. STAFF REPORT investigation regarding He went on to record the Los Angeles Police hits, “Just Once,” “One Long before the 2015 Department’s Metropoli- Hundred Ways,” “How Sandra Bland traffic stop tan Division and the in- Do You Keep the Music in Houston, Texas, Afri- creasing number of stops Playing?” and “Yah Mo can Americans have been officers have made on Af- B There,” a duet with Mi- battling with the reoccur- rican American motorists. chael McDonald. One of ring fear of driving while According to the re- his milestone writing cred- Black. Some people be- port, “Nearly half the driv- its was with Quincy Jones lieve that the fear of driv- ers stopped by Metro are on Michael Jackson’s 1983 ing while Black, is associ- Black, which has helped Top 10 hit “P.Y.T.” (Pretty ated with a combination drive up the share of Afri- Young Thing).
    [Show full text]
  • African American Heritage
    JOIN USINCELEBRATING African American Heritage 1868-1963W. E. B. DuBois W.E.B. DuBois was born in 1868 in Great Barrington, MA and was a historian, sociolo- gist, and black protest leader. He was one of the most influential black leaders of the 20th century and he was among the civil rights pio- neers who used their scholarly skills to advance the cause of black Americans. He was also one of the founders of the NAACP. DuBois advocated leadership and advance- ment of the masses through an educated black elite, which he defined as the “talented tenth.” He received a B.A. degree from Fisk University in 1888, and a second B.A. degree in 1890 from Harvard University. He went on to earn M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from Harvard University. 1929-1968Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was born in Alabama, the son of a minister. Through his own subsequent career in the ministry, King became involved in the Civil Rights Movement. King wrote and spoke publicly against racial inequality and knowingly disobeyed laws which he believed to be unjust. As a leader in the Civil Rights Movement his oratory was convincing and inspiring to many, and he led the famous March from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama in 1965. In 1964, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, a direct result of his advocation of nonviolence as a strategy for opposition. 1908Thurgood - 1993 Marshall Thurgood Marshall was born in 1908 in Baltimore, Maryland. In 1930 Marshall graduated from Lincoln University.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 John Lewis: a Conversation – Marching for Freedom
    1 JOHN LEWIS: A CONVERSATION – MARCHING FOR FREEDOM CLOSED CAPTIONING SCRIPT Hoffman: Congressman John Lewis, I am so glad you’re here for this conversation. I’ve looked so forward to meeting you and --again I appreciate your time. Lewis: Well, I’m delighted and very pleased to be here. Susan, thank you for having me here. Hoffman: Over the next half hour my goal is to cover your pivotal role in the Civil Right Movement. I’d like you to begin with me here. In 1963, when you were 23, you were listed as one of the six primary leaders in the Civil Rights Movement. And I wonder, did you feel at 23 that you were ready for that awesome responsibility. Lewis: Well, at the age of 23, I had grown up a little. You must understand that I grew up in rural Alabama, fifty miles from Montgomery, and I came under the influence of Martin Luther King, Jr. I heard Dr. King’s voice. I heard his words on an old radio. I’d heard about Rosa Parks and T Montgomery Bus Boycott. I’d seen segregation. I’d seen racial discrimination. Hoffman: Describe those early signs that you remember as a young boy. Lewis: Well I saw the signs that said “White Men,” “Colored Men,” “White Women,” “Colored Women,” “White Waiting,” “Colored Waiting.” I didn’t like it. As a child, I would ask my mother, my father, my grandparents, my great-grandparents, “Why segregation? Why racial discrimination?” And they would say, “That’s the way it is.
    [Show full text]
  • Rosa Parks Brochure.Qxd
    In 1955, segregation was a fact of life - Rosaeven supported by laws. In Montgomery, Alabama in 1955 riding the bus was no exception. For an African American person, a trip on a public bus could be a daunting experience. African American passengers ParksOn that December day, the bus driver noted were required to board the bus at the frontParks door, pay the fare, then deboard the bus and that the front of the bus was filled with white enter it through the rear door. Often, after passengers, leaving one white man standing, paying a fare and getting off the bus, the driver so he moved the colored section sign behind would close the door and leave the African Mrs. Parks. He then demanded the African American passenger on the curb, fareless and American passengers, including Mrs. Parks, without a ride. give up their seats so the man could sit. The others moved, but Mrs. Parks refused. Segregation laws at the time reserved the front seats of buses for white passengers and She was arrested and convicted of violating required African Americans to ride at the back the laws of segregation. Within days her of the bus. If there were not enough seats in arrest sparked a 380-day boycott, in which the front for all the white passengers, African the African American population of American passengers were required to get up Montgomery refused to ride the buses and and move to the back of the bus. either walked or took one of the African American-owned cabs stopping at every bus A refusal to comply with this law would result stop for ten cents a passenger; the standard in being arrested and fined.
    [Show full text]
  • Family and Friends Vow to Seek Justice for Her Death and Are Determined to Continue Her Legacy of Community Service
    Liberty the adventurous pup- voiced of actress, Marsai Martin Allyson Felix Adds unto Legendary makes ‘PAW PATROL’ delightful, Career in Tokyo Olympics family fun! (See page D-1) (See page D-2) VOL. LXXXVII NO. 31, $1.00 +CA. Sales Tax “For Over Eighty Years, the Voice of Our Community Speaking for Itself.” THURSDAY, AUGUST 12, 2021 VOL. LXXVV, NO. 49 • $1.00 + CA. Sales Tax “For Over Eighty Years The Voice of Our Community Speaking for Itself THURSDAY, DECEMBER 12 - 18, 2013 Family and friends vow to seek justice for her death and are determined to continue her legacy of community service BY DANNY J. BAKEWELL, JR. served on the Global Hu- board member for the USC tious smiles with everyone Executive Editor man Resources leadership Black Alumni Association, she met. Prayers of peace team (see Sentinel article on as well as the Centre The- and comfort for her fam- “What I want most is 6/24/2021), and was dedi- ater Group, and the Inter- ily, friends and co-workers, justice for my mother, and cated personally in her role national Black Women’s said Mitchell, president of to continue her legacy,” with the bank in developing Public Policy Institute (IB- Mothers in Action. stated Trevon Avan, the son talent and uplifting those in WPPI). “’I’m Ready ... I love of Michelle Avan, the Bank the community, supporting According to Tracy you,’ were Michelle’s last of America executive who them in reaching their high- Mitchell, every year, with- words to me on Monday, was tragically murdered in est levels of achievement.
    [Show full text]
  • TIMELINE of Rosa Parks's Life
    TIMELINE of TIMELINE of rosa Parks’s LIfE ThE worLd 1913 Rosa Louise McCauley born in Tuskegee, Alabama Harriet Tubman dies 1913 1914- 1924 Enrolls in Montgomery Industrial School for Girls World War I is fought in Europe 1918 1932 Marries Raymond Parks Women win the right to vote; Ku Klux Klan launches 1920 a recruitment campaign and gains 85,000 new recruits 1934 Receives high school diploma Great Depression begins in United States 1929 1943 Becomes secretary of the Montgomery chapter of the NAACP Franklin Roosevelt elected president 1932 1944 Works at Maxwell Air Force Base for the first of four terms 1945 Registers to vote World War II begins in Europe 1939 1955 Is arrested for refusing to give her bus seat to a white man Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor; United States 1941 on December 1; Montgomery Bus Boycott starts enters World War II 1956 Montgomery Bus Boycott ends Ballpoint pens go on sale; World War II ends 1945 1957 Moves to Detroit, Michigan Jackie Robinson becomes first black baseball player 1947 for the Brooklyn Dodgers 1965 Begins working for Rep. John Conyers, Jr., of Michigan 1954 1977 US Supreme Court rules that segregation Raymond Parks dies in public schools is unconstitutional 1987 Establishes the Rosa and Raymond Parks Institute President John F. Kennedy assassinated in Dallas, Texas 1963 for Self Development Beatlemania hits the United States 1964 1988 Retires after more than twenty years in Conyers’s office Malcolm X assassinated in New York City 1965 1992 Publishes her first book, Rosa Parks: My Story, with Jim Haskins Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 AAAM Conference Bookl
    Historic Emancipation Park / Houston, TX Celebrating 23 years of designing African American Museum and Cultural Centers OPENED OPENING SOON STUDIES 1993 North Carolina State University 2016 Smithsonian Institution Pope House Museum Foundation Study African American Cultural Center National Museum of African American Raleigh, NC Raleigh, NC History and Culture* *The Freelon Group remains the Architect of Record The Cultural Heritage Museum Study 2001 Hayti Heritage Center Historic Kinston, NC 2016 St. Joseph’s Performance Hall Historic Emancipation Park Houston, TX The African American Museum in Philadelphia Durham, NC Feasibility Study 2004 UNC Chapel Hill Sonja Haynes Stone 2017 Mississippi Civil Rights Museum Philadelphia, PA Center for Black Culture & History Jackson, MS African American Cultural Complex Study Chapel Hill, NC 2018 Freedom Park Raleigh, NC 2005 Raleigh, NC Reginald F. Lewis Museum of Maryland African American Cultural Consortium African American History and Culture 2018 Motown Museum Program Analysis and Feasibility Study Baltimore, MD Detroit, MI Raleigh, NC 2005 Museum of the African Diaspora San Francisco, CA Lucy Craft Laney Museum of Black History Augusta, GA 2009 Harvey B. Gantt Center for National Center for Rhythm and Blues African-American Arts + Culture Charlotte, NC Philadelphia, PA 2010 International Civil Rights Center and Museum Greensboro, NC 2014 National Center for Civil and Human Rights Atlanta, GA TABLE OF CONTENTS Board of Directors ..............................................4 Historical Overview
    [Show full text]