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Ecotourism for Local Development in Boka Kotorska (Montenegro)

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Ecotourism for Local Development in Boka Kotorska (Montenegro) ECOTOURISM FOR LOCAL DEVELOPMENT IN BOKA KOTORSKA (MONTENEGRO) FEASIBILITY STUDY The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP/MAP-RAC/SPA concerning the legal status of any State, Territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of their frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of UNEP/MAP-RAC/SPA. Published by: RAC/SPA Copyright: © 2015 - RAC/SPA Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. For bibliographic purposes, this volume may be cited as: RAC/SPA - UNEP/MAP, 2014. Ecotourism for local development in Boka Kotorska (Montenegro) - Feasibility study. By: Sabaté X., Basora X., Cazorla X., Marongiu I., Cherif M., Filipovic A., Bojanovic V., Radevic D. and Moric I. Ed. RAC/SPA - MedMPAnet Project, Tunis: 94 pages + annexes. Layout: Zine El Abidine MAHJOUB and Asma KHERIJI. Cover photo credit: http://www.thousandwonders.net/Kotor. Photos credits: Atef LIMAM, Daniel CEBRIAN and Xavier SABATÉ. This document has been elaborated within the framework of the Regional Project for the Development of a Mediterranean Marine and Coastal Protected Areas (MPAs) Network through the boosting of Mediterranean MPAs Creation and Management (MedMPAnet Project). The MedMPAnet Project is implemented in the framework of the UNEP/MAP-GEF MedPartnership, with the financial support of EC, AECID and FFEM. ECOTOURISM FOR LOCAL DEVELOPMENT IN BOKA KOTORSKA (MONTENEGRO) FEASIBILITY STUDY CAMP MONTENEGRO - INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR MONTENEGRO Regional Project for the Development of a Mediterranean Marine and Coastal Protected Areas (MPAs) Network through the boosting of MPA creation and management Study required and financed by: Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas (RAC/SPA) Boulevard du Leader Yasser Arafat 2 B.P. 337 1080 Tunis Cedex - Tunisia In charge of the study: ONTENEGRO) M Atef LIMAM, MedMPAnet Project, RAC/SPA Daniel CEBRIAN, SAP BIO Programme Officer, RAC/SPA TORSKA ( TORSKA O K Scientific responsible of the study: OKA B General Coordination: Daniel CEBRIAN, RAC/SPA Francesca CULCASI, SCP/RAC Study coordination: Xavier SABATÉ, Espai TReS · Territori i Responsabilitat Social (Spain) Authors: Ana FILIPOVIC, CEED Consulting (Desk research, surveys and interviews support) (Montenegro) Vesna BOJANOVIC, CEED Consulting (Desk research) (Montenegro) OR LOCAL DEVELOPMENT IN DEVELOPMENT OR LOCAL F Dragana RADEVIC, CEED Consulting (Desk research) (Montenegro) Ilija MORIC, University of Montenegro (Interviews support) (Montenegro) Xavier SABATÉ, Espai TReS · Territori i Responsabilitat Social (Spain) Xavier BASORA, Espai TReS · Territori i Responsabilitat Social (Feasibility study, interviews drafting) (Spain) COTOURISM COTOURISM Xavier CAZORLA, eleMents (Workshop organization, Feasibility study revision) (Spain) E Isio MARONGIU, Espai TReS · Territori i Responsabilitat Social (support to the Feasibility Study) (Italy) Meryem CHERIF, SCP/RAC (Workshop organization) (Spain) Reference of the study: MoU Nº 07/MedMPAnet/2013 FEASIBILITY ON STUDY FOREWORD The present document has been elaborated within International Cooperation to Development (AECID) and the framework of the Regional Project for the Development the French Global Environment Facility (FFEM). of a Mediterranean Marine and Coastal Protected Areas (MPAs) Network through the boosting of MPAs Creation The document has been prepared based on and Management “MedMPAnet Project”, which is part a joint collaboration between The Regional Activity 3 of the MedPartnership GEF full size project “Strategic Centre for Specially Protected Areas (RAC/SPA) and The Partnership for the Mediterranean Sea Large Ecosystem” Regional Activity Centre for Sustainable Consumption and led by UNEP. The MedMPAnet Project is implemented Production (SCP/RAC) aiming at assisting Montenegro in by the Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected implementing ecotourism in Boka Kotorska in order to Areas (UNEP/MAP-RAC/SPA) with financial support of enable integrated coastal zone management (IZCM) of the the European Commission (EC), the Spanish Agency for coastal area of Montenegro. FOREWORD 4 © RAC/SPA, Atef LIMAM CONTENT Executive summary........................................................................................................................................................ 9 1. Introduction: why a feasibility study on ecotourism in Boka Kotorska ?..................................................................17 1.1. Rationale and objectives of the feasibility study..........................................................................................................17 1.2. Study area: Boka Kotorska (Montenegro)...................................................................................................................17 1.3. Methodology and main sources of information..........................................................................................................21 1.4. Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) and CAMP Montenegro...................................................................23 5 1.5. Ecotourism, a driver of conservation and development...............................................................................................25 2. Conventional tourism in Boka Kotorska: a quick view and environmental assessment.............................................35 CONTENT 2.1. Description of Boka Kotorska tourism sector..............................................................................................................35 2.2. Tourism planning and strategy in Boka Kotorksa........................................................................................................37 2.3. Transport to Boka Kotorska........................................................................................................................................41 2.4. Demand: tourist profile/travel motives.......................................................................................................................43 2.5. Market assessment: products, supply and trends.........................................................................................................44 2.6. Pressures and impacts on the coastal and marine ecosystem........................................................................................47 2.7. General Vulnerability and Tourist carrying capacity in Boka Kotorska........................................................................48 3. Assessment of ecotourism potential in Boka Kotorska...............................................................................................53 3.1. Main ecotouristic sites and attractions in Boka Kotorska............................................................................................54 3.2. Infrastructures, buildings and services for ecotourism.................................................................................................61 3.3. Ecotourism supply and complementary activities .......................................................................................................65 3.4. Ecotourism destination marketing initiatives..............................................................................................................67 3.5. Ecotourism stakeholders............................................................................................................................................69 4. Diagnosis: is ecotourism feasible, viable and sustainable in Boka Kotorska ?............................................................77 4.1. Conventional tourism sector in Boka Kotorska...........................................................................................................77 4.2. Public tourism strategies, land planning and laws.......................................................................................................78 4.3. Natural and cultural resources with touristic attraction..............................................................................................78 4.4. Infrastructures, buildings and services for ecotourism.................................................................................................79 4.5. Ecotourism supply/demand and complementary sectors.............................................................................................80 4.6. Stakeholder collaboration...........................................................................................................................................81 4.7. Diagnosis conclusions: feasibility and sustainability assessment..................................................................................81 5. Recommendations for future development of ecotourism in Boka Kotorska............................................................85 5.1. Multiscale & multisectoral strategy, planning & laws related to ecotourism................................................................87 5.2. Sound management of natural and cultural assets.......................................................................................................87
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