Sava River Basin Management Plan Draft Version 5.0 Zagreb October 2011 Sava River Basin Management Plan Acknowledgements Numerous experts from the Sava countries have provided data, text contributions, edit- ing, comments and ideas. This product is therefore truly a collective effort that reflects the cooperation in water management in the Sava River Basin. Specific acknowledgement should be made to: • The members of the ISRBC Permanent Expert Group on River Basin Management Aleš Bizjak, Stanka Koren, Alan Cibilić, Arijana Senić, Naida Andjelić, Amra Ibra- himpašić, Velinka Topalović, Miodrag Milovanović and Dušanka Stanojević for the overall guidance of the project team, facilitating data collection at both the basin- wide and national level, valuable comments to the structure and text of the Plan and its editing; • The ISRBC Secretariat in general and Dragan Zeljko and Samo Grošelj in particu- lar for the coordination of the overall process of the development of the Plan and text contributions; • The European Commission and the project “Technical assistance in the prepara- tion and implementation of the Sava River Basin Management Plan” for providing technical and financial support; • The members of the project team Eleonóra Bartková, Jaroslav Slobodník, Dušan Đurić, Karoly Futaki, Alexei Iarochevitch, Jarmila Makovinská, Momir Paunović, Marko Pavlović, Elena Rajczyková and Klára Toth for coordinating the data col- lection efforts, developing methodologies, performing analysis and drafting ma- jor parts of the text; • Members of the Ah GIS Expert group and PEG FP of the ISRBC for valuable com- ments on the maps and text of the Plan and background papers, respectively; • Global Water Partnership - Mediterranean (GWP-Med) for the contribution to the public information and consultation part of the Plan and WWF for valuable com- ments and text contributions. Specific contributions to the document have been provided by: Ursula Schmedtje, Marieke van Nood and Raimund Mair. Sava RBMP Draft ver. 5.0 Sava River Basin Management Plan Disclaimer The Sava RBMP is based on data delivered by the Sava countries. If countries did not de- liver data, other data sources have been used where available. Sources other than the competent authorities have been clearly identified in the Plan. A more detailed level of information is presented in the national RBMPs of Slovenia and Croatia as a European Union Member State and Accession Country, respectively, at the time of preparing this document. The Sava RBMP should therefore be read and inter- preted in conjunction with the national RBMPs. Where inconsistencies may have oc- curred, the national RBMPs are likely to provide the more accurate information. An overall contribution to the Sava RBMP development and data were provided by the institutions listed below: Slovenia: Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning, Institute for Water of the Re- public of Slovenia, Environmental Agency of Slovenia, Geological Survey of Slovenia, In- stitute for Nature Conservation of the Republic of Slovenia. Croatia: Ministry of Regional Development, Forestry and Water Management, Ministry of Sea, Transport and Infrastructure, Croatian Waters, State Hydrometeorological Service of Croatia, State Institute for Nature Protection, Croatian Geological Survey, University of Zagreb - Faculty of Science, State Hydrometeorological Service of Croatia. Bosnia and Herzegovina: Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Relations of BiH, Fed- eral Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management, Sava River Watershed Agency Sarajevo, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management of Republika Srpska, Water Agency for Sava River District– Bijeljina, Survey for Geological Researches of Republika Srpska. Serbia: Ministry of Agriculture, Trade, Forestry and Water Management – Directorate for Water, Ministry of Environment, Mining and Spatial Planning, Institute for the Develop- ment of Water Resources “Jaroslav Černi”, Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Ser- bia, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, Serbian Environmental Protec- tion Agency, Institute for Health of Serbia, and Institute for Nature Conservation of Ser- bia. Montenegro: Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development – Directorate for Water, Hydrological and Meteorological Service of Montenegro. Some countries were not able to provide all the information needed for this Plan and these gaps are noted in the text. Where data has been made available, it has been exam- ined and is presented to the best of available knowledge. Nevertheless inconsistencies cannot be ruled out. Sava RBMP Draft ver. 5.0 Sava River Basin Management Plan Table of Contents 1 Introduction and background ..................................................................................................................15 1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................15 1.2 Cooperation in the Sava River Basin ..........................................................................................................15 1.3 Structure of the Sava River Basin Management Plan .................................................................................16 2 General characteristics of the Sava River Basin....................................................................................18 2.1 Basic facts...................................................................................................................................................18 2.2 Climate........................................................................................................................................................19 2.3 Relief and topography .................................................................................................................................20 2.4 Land cover ..................................................................................................................................................21 2.5 Surface water in the Sava River Basin........................................................................................................21 2.5.1 Description of the Sava River and its main tributaries......................................................................21 2.5.2 Delineation of surface water bodies.................................................................................................23 2.6 Groundwater in the Sava River Basin .........................................................................................................25 2.6.1 Description of main hydrogeological regions ...................................................................................25 2.6.2 Delineation of groundwater bodies...................................................................................................26 3 Significant pressures identified in the Sava River Basin ......................................................................28 3.1 Surface water..............................................................................................................................................28 3.1.1 Organic pollution..............................................................................................................................28 3.1.1.1 Organic pollution from urban wastewater.........................................................................................28 3.1.1.2 Industrial organic pollution ...............................................................................................................37 3.1.2 Nutrient pollution..............................................................................................................................38 3.1.2.1 Nutrient pollution from point sources................................................................................................39 3.1.2.2 Nutrient diffuse pollution sources.....................................................................................................43 3.1.3 Hazardous substances pollution ......................................................................................................45 3.1.3.1 Hazardous substances pollution – industrial sources ......................................................................46 3.1.3.2 Monitoring of hazardous substances in the Sava River during Joint Danube Surveys ....................47 3.1.3.3 Use of agricultural pesticides ...........................................................................................................48 3.1.3.4 Accidental pollution..........................................................................................................................48 3.1.4 Hydromorphological alterations........................................................................................................49 3.1.4.1 River and habitat continuity interruption...........................................................................................49 3.1.4.2 Disconnection of adjacent wetlands/floodplains...............................................................................50 3.1.4.3 Hydrological alterations....................................................................................................................51 3.1.4.4 Morphological alterations .................................................................................................................52 3.1.4.5 Risk assessment - hydromorphological alterations..........................................................................53