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Luana Neres De Sousa UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE GOIÁS FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS E FILOSOFIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM HISTÓRIA AS RELAÇÕES PEDERÁSTICAS EM ATENAS NO PERÍODO CLÁSSICO: UMA ANÁLISE DO BANQUETE DE PLATÃO E DE XENOFONTE. LUANA NERES DE SOUSA GOIÂNIA 2013 TERMO DE CIÊNCIA E DE AUTORIZAÇÃO PARA DISPONIBILIZAR AS TESES E DISSERTAÇÕES ELETRÔNICAS (TEDE) NA BIBLIOTECA DIGITAL DA UFG Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor, autorizo a Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) a disponibilizar, gratuitamente, por meio da Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD/UFG), sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei nº 9610/98, o do- cumento conforme permissões assinaladas abaixo, para fins de leitura, impressão e/ou down- load, a título de divulgação da produção científica brasileira, a partir desta data. 1. Identificação do material bibliográfico: [ ] Dissertação [ X ] Tese 2. Identificação da Tese ou Dissertação Autor (a): Luana Neres de Sousa E-mail: [email protected] Seu e-mail pode ser disponibilizado na página? [ ]Sim [ X ] Não Vínculo empregatício do autor **************************************** Agência de fomento: CAPES/UFG Sigla: País: Brasil UF: GO CNPJ: Título: As relações pederásticas em Atenas no período clássico: uma análise do Ban- quete de Platão e de Xenofonte. Palavras-chave: Pederastia, Banquete, Kalokagathia. Título em outra língua: The pederastic relationship in Athens in the Classical period: an analysis of Plato's and Xenophon's Symposium. Palavras-chave em outra língua: Pederasty, Symposium, Kalokagathia. Área de concentração: Culturas, Fronteiras e Identidades. Data defesa: (dd/mm/aaaa) 17/05/2013 Programa de Pós-Graduação: História Orientador (a): Profa. Dra. Ana Teresa Marques Gonçalves. E-mail: [email protected] Co-orientador(a):* ***************************************************** E-mail: ********************************************************* *Necessita do CPF quando não constar no SisPG 3. Informações de acesso ao documento: Concorda com a liberação total do documento [ X ] SIM [ ] NÃO1 Havendo concordância com a disponibilização eletrônica, torna-se imprescindível o en- vio do(s) arquivo(s) em formato digital PDF ou DOC da tese ou dissertação. O sistema da Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações garante aos autores, que os ar- quivos contendo eletronicamente as teses e ou dissertações, antes de sua disponibilização, receberão procedimentos de segurança, criptografia (para não permitir cópia e extração de conteúdo, permitindo apenas impressão fraca) usando o padrão do Acrobat. ________________________________________ Data: 17 / 05 / 2013. Assinatura do (a) autor (a) 1 Neste caso o documento será embargado por até um ano a partir da data de defesa. A extensão deste prazo suscita justificativa junto à coordenação do curso. Os dados do documento não serão disponibilizados durante o período de embargo. LUANA NERES DE SOUSA AS RELAÇÕES PEDERÁSTICAS EM ATENAS NO PERÍODO CLÁSSICO: UMA ANÁLISE DO BANQUETE DE PLATÃO E DE XENOFONTE. Tese de Doutoramento apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em História da Universidade Federal de Goiás como requisito para obtenção do grau de Doutora em História. Área de Concentração: Culturas, Fronteiras e Identidades Linha de Pesquisa: História, Memória e Imaginários Sociais. Orientadora: Profª. Drª Ana Teresa Marques Gonçalves. GOIÂNIA 2013 Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP) GPT/BC/UFG Sousa, Luana Neres de. S725r As relações pederásticas em Atenas no período clássico [manuscrito]: uma análise do Banquete de Platão e de Xenofonte / Luana Neres de Sousa. – 2013. 232 f. Orientadora: Profª. Drª. Ana Teresa Marques Gonçalves. Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de História, 2013. Bibliografia. 1. Atenas (Grécia) – História antiga. 2. Pederastia – Atenas (Grécia). 3. Banquete. 4. Kalokagathia. I. Título. CDU: 94(38) LUANA NERES DE SOUSA AS RELAÇÕES PEDERÁSTICAS EM ATENAS NO PERÍODO CLÁSSICO: UMA ANÁLISE DO BANQUETE DE PLATÃO E DE XENOFONTE. Tese defendida pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em História, nível Doutorado, da Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Filosofia da Universidade Federal de Goiás, aprovada em 17 de Maio de 2013 pela Banca Examinadora constituída pelos seguintes professores: _______________________________________________ Professora Doutora Ana Teresa Marques Gonçalves (UFG) Presidente ________________________________________________ Professor Doutor Alexandre Carneiro Cerqueira Lima (UFF) Membro Externo _______________________________________________ Professor Doutor Luiz Otávio de Magalhães (UESB) Membro Externo ________________________________________________ Professora Doutora Luciene Munhoz de Omena (UFG) Membro Interno ________________________________________________ Professora Doutora Armênia Maria de Souza (UFG) Membro Interno ________________________________________________ Professor Doutor Fábio Vergara Cerqueira (UFPel) Suplente ________________________________________________ Professora Doutora Renata Cristina de Sousa Nascimento (UFG) Suplente AGRADECIMENTOS “As pessoas felizes lembram o passado com gratidão, alegram-se com o presente e encaram o futuro sem medo” (Epicuro). Sem a ajuda de inúmeras pessoas, certamente este trabalho não teria sido realizado. Somente agradecer é insuficiente para expressar toda a minha gratidão àqueles que contribuíram para a produção desta Tese; todavia, por não haver expressão adequada em Língua Portuguesa capaz de traduzir os meus agradecimentos, digo a todos o meu “muito obrigada”! Inicio agradecendo aos meus pais, em especial à minha mãe, que desde minha infância me incentiva nos estudos e nunca mediu esforços para que eu e meus irmãos gozássemos da melhor educação. Sou eternamente grata à professora Ana Teresa Marques Gonçalves, por sua orientação, amizade e companheirismo durante estes quase treze anos de parceria. Com ela aprendi o que é ser historiadora, pesquisadora e professora, além de amar a História Antiga. Sem sua preciosa orientação e o empréstimo dos inúmeros livros pertencentes à sua biblioteca e que foram utilizados neste trabalho, a realização deste não teria sido possível. Agradeço à CAPES por financiar minha pesquisa através da bolsa CAPES/UFG e à FUNAPE, que por duas vezes concedeu-me auxílio para a participação de congressos concernentes ao meu tema de investigação. Agradeço aos professores componentes da banca por terem aceitado prontamente participar da banca examinadora desta Tese e dedicar suas atentas leituras a este trabalho. Muito obrigada também aos professores que participaram do exame de Qualificação desta Tese, os Doutores Alexandre Carneiro Cerqueira Lima (UFF) e Renata Cristina de Souza Nascimento (UFG): seus apontamentos e sugestões foram de grande valia para o aprimoramento desta pesquisa. Expresso aqui um agradecimento em especial ao professor Alexandre Carneiro Cerqueira Lima, que desde 2008 acompanha o meu estudo com carinho e muito gentilmente me presenteou com livros de sua autoria e organização, além de disponibilizar trabalhos de outros pesquisadores que foram utilizados nesta investigação. Neste momento, agradeço às pessoas que mesmo distantes me auxiliaram demasiadamente na elaboração deste estudo: ao professor José Vela Tejada, da Universidad Zaragoza, por tão gentilmente ter enviado livros e artigos de sua autoria sobre Xenofonte; ao professor Emilio Suárez de la Torre, do Departamento de Humanidades da Universitat Pompeu Fabra (Barcelona), pela delicadeza em me enviar tanto seu artigo sobre Platão quanto trabalhos que contemplam outras temáticas; ao professor Tariq Rahman, da School of Education at the Beaconhouse National University (Lahore-Paquistão), pela afabilidade em expedir até minha residência o seu artigo sobre a Ephebophilia; ao filósofo Miguel Lobato Duclós, por me ajudar incontáveis vezes em minhas dúvidas com o idioma inglês; e por fim, ao acadêmico em Antropologia, Thiago José Bezerra Cavalcanti, pelo incentivo, companheirismo e pelo auxílio na obtenção dos imensuráveis artigos utilizados neste estudo. Muito obrigada aos meus colegas de pós-graduação, aos funcionários do Programa de Pós-Graduação em História e a todos aqueles que colaboraram direta ou indiretamente com esta pesquisa. Sou grata a todos os meus queridos amigos, em especial ao Djones Ribeiro, Shirley Vilela, Joyce Campos, Rosa Cristina Moreira, Silvia Yamada, Silvia Honorato, Clara Wendling e Marly Machado por todo o apoio, compreensão e cuidado em meus dias de cansaço e desmotivação. Obrigada por não terem me abandonado e nem desistido de mim em meus momentos de crise, e por estarem sempre ao meu lado nos dias mais difíceis. Fomos convocados por governos que precisam inventar que existe vida quando é Eros que falta em nossos dias. Nei Duclós RESUMO O presente trabalho investiga o relacionamento homoerótico masculino praticado entre um homem adulto (erastés) e um jovem (erómenos) denominado pederastia, que ocupou um importante papel social em Atenas durante o período clássico, se constituindo em um instrumento pedagógico de formação do futuro cidadão. Utilizamos como documentação os diálogos homônimos Banquete (Συμπόσιον) do filósofo Platão e do polígrafo Xenofonte, a fim de que possamos apreender o modo como estes autores compreendem a pederastia praticada em seu tempo e quais os seus objetivos a elaborarem em um curto espaço de tempo diálogos com título e temática semelhantes. Escrito por Platão em aproximadamente 384 a.C., o Banquete trata-se de uma reflexão do filósofo acerca de Eros e sua influência
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