DOCSLIB.ORG

News As a Political Resource? a Case Study of the Media Strategies and Media Representation of the National Organization for Women, 1966-1980

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
News As a Political Resource? a Case Study of the Media Strategies and Media Representation of the National Organization for Women, 1966-1980 University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Dissertations (ASC) Annenberg School for Communication 1997 News As a Political Resource? A Case Study of the Media Strategies and Media Representation of the National Organization for Women, 1966-1980. Bernadette Barker-Plummer University of Pennsylvania Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations_asc Part of the Communication Commons Recommended Citation Barker-Plummer, Bernadette, "News As a Political Resource? A Case Study of the Media Strategies and Media Representation of the National Organization for Women, 1966-1980." (1997). Dissertations (ASC). 9. https://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations_asc/9 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations_asc/9 For more information, please contact [email protected]. News As a Political Resource? A Case Study of the Media Strategies and Media Representation of the National Organization for Women, 1966-1980. Abstract This dissertation is a case study of the historical interaction between the New York Times and The National Organization for Women, 1966-1980. It investigates whether commercial news media can be used as a political resource by social movement groups. Using archival and content analysis methods, the study investigates the development of media strategies by NOW and then assesses whether these strategies "succeeded," through an analysis of NOW's representation in the Times, over a 15 year period. The study found that news was a resource In some ways. Through resource investments in media work, a general strategy of reflexive appropriation of news conventions (media pragmatism), and the creation and maintenance of relationships with some key women reporters, NOW was able to produce some routine access to news over time. Despite some marginalizing coverage In the early years, NOW's legitimacy as a source in the Times increased generally over 1966-1980. However this "success" had important limitations. NOW's news access and the legitimacy of its representation shifted depending on the kind of issue NOW was addressing and on the context in which the group was being judged. If NOW talked about more traditionally "public" issues (such as sex discrimination in employment), it was represented as a more legitimate source and its stories were more likely to be placed in the news sections. When the organization talked about "newer" issues or invoked more structural frames -- such as child care issues or structural "sexism" or patriarchy frames -- these stories would be placed in lifestyle or "women's page" sections and in the context of these tories, NOW's organizational legitimacy was likely to be questioned. I argue that these and other patterns in the NOW-Times relationship indicate a general "processing" of NOW's discourse by the Times through a pUblic-private filter which worked to contain NOW's public communication and which makes news a contradictory resource for feminists. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Department Communication First Advisor Gandy, Oscar Second Advisor Wright, Charles Subject Categories Communication This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: https://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations_asc/9 NEWS AS A POLITICAL RESOURCE? A CASE STUDY OF THE MEDIA STRATEGIES AND MEDIA REPRESENTATION OF THE NATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR WOMEN, 1966-1980. BERNADETTE BARKER-PLUMMER A DISSERTATION IN COMMUNICATION Presented To The Faculties Of The University Of Pennsylvania In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For The Degree Of Doctor Of Philosophy 1997 Supervisor Of Dissertation Graduate Group Chairperson / .. COPYRIGHT BERNADETTE BARKER-PLUMMER 1997 iii Dedication To Jim and Margaret Barker, and In memory of Margaret McGuire Collins. Acknowledgments iv First, I want to thank my advisor, Professor Oscar Gandy Jr. for his advice, his support and his thoughtful feedback and criticism throughout this project. Oscar has taught me many lessons, among them the value of critical work and the responsibility to choose important problems for study. But the lesson I have benefited from most is one he taught by example -- to trust and value my own voice. I hope to emulate with my own students, the unique blend of care, critique, and respect that Oscar brings to his relationships with his students. I would also like to thank my dissertation committee members, George Gerbner, Klaus Krippendorff, and Larry Gross for their individual and collective wisdom. George Gerbner's ability to get to the heart of any mass communication problem, and his certainty that mass communication is a problem worth studying, has been inspirational to me since I first encountered his work. Klaus Krippendorff's ability, and his willingness, to start over and rethink a problem at any stage, has taught me that all knowledge is tentative and that the process of investigation is as important as the destination. My conversations with Klaus have influenced me in more ways than I can account for in citations. I thank Larry Gross for his kindness in stepping in to help me when I lost one of my advisors to retirement, and for his valuable contributions to the project even V at a late stage. My graduate school experience was enriched beyond measure by my fellow students and friends at the Annenberg School. I particularly thank Eleanor Novek, Nikhil Sinha, Pam Inglesby, Chris Koepke, Nancy Morris, Amy Sarch, Katharina Kopp, Rob Drew, Yoshimi Nishino, and Karin Wilkins for great conversations about communication and social change. For conversations of another kind, and for simple, but profound and human care for my person and psyche throughout the process, I thank Liz Clark and Linda Black. I have spent the last part of my dissertation process away from my advisers, teaching full time at another University -- a situation that would have been much harder had it not been for the mentorship of Rob Elias, Jennifer Turpin, Andrew Goodwin, and Stanley Nel, and the friendship of Karen Bouwer, Kathy Nasstrom, Mike Webber and Anne Roschelle, all at the University of San Francisco. Finally, and most importantly, thanks to Dave Barker-Plummer for his love, his support and especially for his intellectual companionship. lowe him much more than can be acknowledged here. Everyone should have such a partner. ABSTRACT vi NEWS AS A POLITICAL RESOURCE? A CASE STUDY OF THE MEDIA STRATEGIES AND MEDIA REPRESENTATION OF THE NATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR WOMEN, 1966-1980. Bernadette Barker-Plummer Professor Oscar Gandy, Jr. This dissertation is a case study of the historical interaction between the New York Times and The National Organization for Women, 1966-1980. It investigates whether commercial news media can be used as a political resource by social movement groups. Using archival and content analysis methods, the study investigates the development of media strategies by NOW and then assesses whether these strategies "succeeded," through an analysis of NOW's representation in the Times, over a 15 year period. The study found that news was a resource In some ways. Through resource investments in media work, a general strategy of reflexive appropriation of news conventions (media pragmatism), and the creation and maintenance of relationships with some key women reporters, NOW was able to produce some routine access to news over time. Despite some marginalizing coverage In the early years, NOW's legitimacy as a source in the vii Times increased generally over 1966-1980. However this "success" had important limitations. NOW's news access and the legitimacy of its representation shifted depending on the kind of issue NOW was addressing and on the context in which the group was being judged. If NOW talked about more traditionally "public" issues (such as sex discrimination in employment), it was represented as a more legitimate source and its stories were more likely to be placed in the news sections. When the organization talked about "newer" issues or invoked more structural frames -- such as child care issues or structural "sexism" or patriarchy frames -- these stories would be placed in lifestyle or "women's page" sections and in the context of these stories, NOW's organizational legitimacy was likely to be questioned. I argue that these and other patterns in the NOW-Times relationship indicate a general "processing" of NOW's discourse by the Times through a pUblic-private filter which worked to contain NOW's public communication and which makes news a contradictory resource for feminists. TABLE OF CONTENTS viii Chapter One: Introduction .............................. 1 Movements and Media ............................... 5 A Dialogical/Structurationist Framework ........... 9 What structures Dialog? ......................... 13 What Constitutes Success? ....................... 18 Design of the Study .............................. 21 NOW as a case study organization ................. 22 Chapters Overview ................................ 26 Chapter Two: Movements, Media and Social Change ....... 32 The Symbolic Challenge of the NSMs ............... 33 Movements as Mass Communicators .................. 38 Movements and Strategic Communication ............ 40 Movement Communication and Agenda Building ....... 44 Media Roles in Movement Communication ........... 49 News as a Social Movement Resource ............... 53 Towards a Dialogical Model ....................... 61 Assessing Interactions ........................... 64 Assessing Success ................................ 69 Research
Load more

Recommended publications
  • News Deserts and Ghost Newspapers: Will Local News Survive?
    NEWS DESERTS AND GHOST NEWSPAPERS: WILL LOCAL NEWS SURVIVE? PENELOPE MUSE ABERNATHY Knight Chair in Journalism and Digital Media Economics Will Local News Survive? | 1 NEWS DESERTS AND GHOST NEWSPAPERS: WILL LOCAL NEWS SURVIVE? By Penelope Muse Abernathy Knight Chair in Journalism and Digital Media Economics The Center for Innovation and Sustainability in Local Media School of Media and Journalism University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 2 | Will Local News Survive? Published by the Center for Innovation and Sustainability in Local Media with funding from the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Office of the Provost. Distributed by the University of North Carolina Press 11 South Boundary Street Chapel Hill, NC 27514-3808 uncpress.org Will Local News Survive? | 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface 5 The News Landscape in 2020: Transformed and Diminished 7 Vanishing Newspapers 11 Vanishing Readers and Journalists 21 The New Media Giants 31 Entrepreneurial Stalwarts and Start-Ups 40 The News Landscape of the Future: Transformed...and Renewed? 55 Journalistic Mission: The Challenges and Opportunities for Ethnic Media 58 Emblems of Change in a Southern City 63 Business Model: A Bigger Role for Public Broadcasting 67 Technological Capabilities: The Algorithm as Editor 72 Policies and Regulations: The State of Play 77 The Path Forward: Reinventing Local News 90 Rate Your Local News 93 Citations 95 Methodology 114 Additional Resources 120 Contributors 121 4 | Will Local News Survive? PREFACE he paradox of the coronavirus pandemic and the ensuing economic shutdown is that it has exposed the deep Tfissures that have stealthily undermined the health of local journalism in recent years, while also reminding us of how important timely and credible local news and information are to our health and that of our community.
    [Show full text]
  • Mass-Mediated Canadian Politics: CBC News in Comparative Perspective
    Mass-Mediated Canadian Politics: CBC News in Comparative Perspective Blake Andrew Department of Political Science McGill University Leacock Building, Room 414 855 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal, QC H3A 2T7 blake.andrew at mcgill.ca *Paper prepared for the Annual General Meeting of the Canadian Political Science Association, Ottawa, Canada, May 27-29, 2009. Questions about news media bias are recurring themes of mainstream debate and academic inquiry. Allegations of unfair treatment are normally based on perceptions of inequality – an unfair playing field. News is dismissed as biased if people think that a political group or candidate is systemically advantaged (or disadvantaged) by coverage. When allegations of this nature surface, the perpetrator is usually one of three usual suspects: the media (writ large), a newsroom, or a medium (e.g. Adkins Covert and Wasburn 2007; D'Alessio and Allen 2000; Groeling and Kernell 1998; Niven 2002; Shoemaker and Cohen 2006). Headlines and stories are marshaled for evidence; yet the integrity of headlines as proxies for their stories is rarely considered as an avenue for testing and conceptualizing claims of media bias. It is common knowledge that headlines are supposed to reflect, at least to some degree in the space they have, the content that follows. Yet this myth has thus far received only sparse attention in social science (Althaus, Edy and Phalen 2001; Andrew 2007). It is a surprising oversight, partly because news headlines are clearly not just summaries. They also signal the importance of, and attempt to sell the news story that follows. The interplay of these imperatives is what makes a test of the relationship between headline news and story news particularly intriguing.
    [Show full text]
  • Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020
    Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020 Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020 Nic Newman with Richard Fletcher, Anne Schulz, Simge Andı, and Rasmus Kleis Nielsen Supported by Surveyed by © Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism / Digital News Report 2020 4 Contents Foreword by Rasmus Kleis Nielsen 5 3.15 Netherlands 76 Methodology 6 3.16 Norway 77 Authorship and Research Acknowledgements 7 3.17 Poland 78 3.18 Portugal 79 SECTION 1 3.19 Romania 80 Executive Summary and Key Findings by Nic Newman 9 3.20 Slovakia 81 3.21 Spain 82 SECTION 2 3.22 Sweden 83 Further Analysis and International Comparison 33 3.23 Switzerland 84 2.1 How and Why People are Paying for Online News 34 3.24 Turkey 85 2.2 The Resurgence and Importance of Email Newsletters 38 AMERICAS 2.3 How Do People Want the Media to Cover Politics? 42 3.25 United States 88 2.4 Global Turmoil in the Neighbourhood: 3.26 Argentina 89 Problems Mount for Regional and Local News 47 3.27 Brazil 90 2.5 How People Access News about Climate Change 52 3.28 Canada 91 3.29 Chile 92 SECTION 3 3.30 Mexico 93 Country and Market Data 59 ASIA PACIFIC EUROPE 3.31 Australia 96 3.01 United Kingdom 62 3.32 Hong Kong 97 3.02 Austria 63 3.33 Japan 98 3.03 Belgium 64 3.34 Malaysia 99 3.04 Bulgaria 65 3.35 Philippines 100 3.05 Croatia 66 3.36 Singapore 101 3.06 Czech Republic 67 3.37 South Korea 102 3.07 Denmark 68 3.38 Taiwan 103 3.08 Finland 69 AFRICA 3.09 France 70 3.39 Kenya 106 3.10 Germany 71 3.40 South Africa 107 3.11 Greece 72 3.12 Hungary 73 SECTION 4 3.13 Ireland 74 References and Selected Publications 109 3.14 Italy 75 4 / 5 Foreword Professor Rasmus Kleis Nielsen Director, Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (RISJ) The coronavirus crisis is having a profound impact not just on Our main survey this year covered respondents in 40 markets, our health and our communities, but also on the news media.
    [Show full text]
  • Solo News Box, Kevin Posted the Drawing I Gave Him on His Instagram This Month
    With my proofreader on holiday in China and Liam touring America with Steven Page, I’m writing solo this issue; all typos are therefore my fault and you can shout at me for them. Lots of Steve news this issue. It’s nice now the uncertainty between them has cleared and I no longer have to feel awkward about including Steve news in here. As for his new album, I’d describe it as a Beatles-inspired soundtrack to a Broadway musical about the current political climate; your mileage will vary depending on how appealing that idea sounds to you. And since this is kind of my solo news box, Kevin posted the drawing I gave him on his Instagram this month. Considering it took 9 months to draw, I’m really glad he and so many others like it. Test your Kevin knowledge: On the wall are songs and on the floor bands he’s played with - Mil NEWS Announced late this month, ‘Not a Retrospective’ is a new mini-documentary filmed during the Canadian Fake Nudes tour last year coming soon for BNL fans everywhere! Steve’s new album Discipline: Heal Thyself, Pt. II was released this month – All the release coverage on page 2. BNL played a few shows this month with more soon, including the annual Dream Serenade concert for charity. A round-up of this month’s on page 2 and dates on the final page. BSolo News Ed Kevin Ed’s been up to his usual, namely playing far too ♪ Kevin joined friends the Violent Femmes on-stage this month with much pinball and snuggling with his awesomely his accordion – What song isn’t improved with more accordion cute dogs this month – No News after all? – during their show at the Fiserv Forum in Milwaukee.
    [Show full text]
  • Essays on Technology-Driven Marketing
    ESSAYS ON TECHNOLOGY-DRIVEN MARKETING Zijun (June) Shi Submitted to the Tepper School of Business in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Dissertation Committee Kannan Srinivasan (Chair) Hui Li Xiao Liu Alan Montgomery Kaifu Zhang April, 2019 I © Coypyright by Zijun (June) Shi, 2019 All rights reserved. II Abstract: With the development of technology in business applications, new marketing problems emerge, creating challenges for both practitioners and researchers. In this dissertation, I investigate marketing issues that involve new technology or require research methodologies enabled by new technology. I take an interdisciplinary approach, combining structural modeling, analytical modeling, machine learning, and causal inference, to study problems on pricing, media hype, and branding in three essays. In the first essay, we examine the optimality of the freemium pricing strategy. Despite its immense popularity, the freemium business model remains a complex strategy to master and often a topic of heated debate. Adopting a generalized version of the screening framework à la Mussa and Rosen (1978), we ask when and why a firm should endogenously offer a zero price on its low-end product when users' product usages generate network externalities on each other. Our analysis indicates freemium can only emerge if the high- and low-end products provide asymmetric marginal network effects. In other words, the firm would set a zero price for its low- end product only if the high-end product provided larger utility gain from an expansion of the firm's user base. In contrast to conventional beliefs, a firm pursuing the freemium strategy might increase the baseline quality on its low-end product above the “efficient” level, which seemingly reduces differentiation.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright Amendments Act of 1991, Subcomm. On
    COPYRIGHT AMENDMENTS ACT OF 1991 HEARINGS BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND JUDICIAL ADMINISTRATION OP THE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED SECOND CONGRESS FIRST SESSION ON H.R. 2372 COPYRIGHT AMENDMENTS ACT OF 1991 FADl USE OF UNPUBLISHED WORKS, COPYRIGHT RENEWAL, AND NATIONAL FILM PRESERVATION MAY 30, JUNE 6, 12, AND 20, 1991 Serial No. 94 FJM /0-Z. //,#, Printed for the uae of the Committee on the Judiciary COPYRIGHT AMENDMENTS ACT OF 1991 HEARINGS BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND JUDICIAL ADMINISTRATION OF THE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED SECOND CONGRESS FIRST SESSION ON H.R. 2372 COPYRIGHT AMENDMENTS ACT OF 1991 FAIR USE OF UNPUBLISHED WORKS, COPYRIGHT RENEWAL, AND NATIONAL FILM PRESERVATION MAY 30, JUNE 6, 12, AND 20, 1991 Serial No. 94 Printed for the use of the Committee on the Judiciary U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 62-146 CC WASHINGTON : 1993 For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, IX 20402 ISBN 0-16-040649-8 COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY JACK BROOKS, Texas, Chairman DON EDWARDS, California HAMILTON FISH, JR., New York JOHN CONYERS, JR., Michigan CARLOS J. MOORHEAD, California ROMANO L. MAZZOLI, Kentucky HENRY J. HYDE, Illinois WILLIAM J. HUGHES, New Jersey F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., MIKE SYNAR, Oklahoma Wisconsin PATRICIA SCHROEDER, Colorado BILL McCOLLUM, Florida DAN GLICKMAN, Kansas GEORGE W. GEKAS, Pennsylvania BARNEY FRANK, Massachusetts HOWARD COBLE, North Carolina CHARLES E. SCHUMER, New York D. FRENCH SLAUGHTER, JR., Virginia EDWARD F. FEIGHAN, Ohio LAMAR S. SMITH, Texas HOWARD L.
    [Show full text]
  • Senior Seminar 2020
    Senior Seminar 2020 The Neighborhood Academy Table of Contents Tajah Alexander, Science 3 ​ “Reliability of Galvanic Skin Response and Respirations in Detecting Deception Among High School Girls” Diamani Boyd, Humanities 23 ​ “The Death of Len Bias: The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette’s Coverage of the War on Drugs” Jaiden Brooks, Mathematics 39 ​ “Academic Performance in African American Students: School Belonging and Identity” Ryan Crosier, Science 50 ​ “Water Quality Study of Pucketa Creek Before Operation of a Nearby Fracking Wastewater Injection Well” Shakir Daniel, Humanities 72 ​ “Airport Security: Constitutionality of Hard and Soft Security” Anthony Duckett, Mathematics 88 ​ “Don’t Take It Personal… or Should You? The Effect of Personality Based Advertisements on Anti-Vaping Messages” Talaya Ellis, Humanities 99 ​ “The Quiet Wheel Needs the Oil: Anxiety Recognition and Interventions” London Hughes, Science 113 ​ “The Effect of Fish Feed Protein-Content on Ammonia Production in an Aquaponics System” Aujah Johnson, Humanities ​ “Adultification Bias: Life Choices Between Success & Failure” 127 Andre Jones, Mathematics 146 ​ “The Effect of Video Game Play on the Mental Health of High School Students” Tahjere’ Mitchell, Humanities 157 ​ “Asylum-Seekers, Illegals, or Immigrants: Analyzing Language’s Impact on Policies” Zaire’ Mitchell, Science 172 ​ “Comparing the Thrust of Homemade and Commercial Model Rocket Engines” ​ ​ Attallah Moore, Science 188 ​ “The Effect of Light Periodicity on the Growth of Basil in Aquaponics” 1 JJ Morris, Mathematics
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Media Relations in Catalonia: a Co-Creational Approach
    Cuadernos de Información ISSN: 0716-162x [email protected] Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Chile Xifra, Jordi; Collel, María Rosa Media relations in Catalonia: A co-creational approach Cuadernos de Información, núm. 25, julio-diciembre, 2009, pp. 83-92 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago, Chile Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=97112696009 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Media relations in Catalonia: A co-creational approach Las relaciones con los medios en Cataluña: Una aproximación cocreacional Jordi Xifra, Universidad Pompeu Fabra, Spain ([email protected]) María Rosa Collell, Universidad de Girona, Spain ([email protected] Recibido: 17 / 7 / 2009. Aprobado: 26 / 10 / 2009 — Partiendo del informe FAPE 2006, que realizó la Federación — Using as a basis the FAPE 2006 report, compiled by the Spanish de Asociaciones de Periodistas de España (FAPE), el propó- Federation of Journalists’ Associations, we offer journalists’ as- sito de este artículo es ofrecer cuál es la valoración de los sessment of their relationships with public relations professionals Abstract Resumen periodistas de sus relaciones con los profesionales de las re- in the Autonomous Community of Catalonia (Spain). We ana- laciones públicas en la comunidad autónoma de Cataluña lyzed quantitative interviews (questionnaires) and in-depth, con- (España). Se analizaron las entrevistas cuantitativas (cues- ducted with 68 Catalan journalists regarding their relationship tionarios) y en profundidad realizadas a 68 periodistas ca- with public relations practitioners and investigated their assess- talanes y se investigaron las valoraciones de los periodistas ments of information subsidies and contact preferences.
    [Show full text]
  • The Press Release: Do TV and Newspaper Editors See Eye to Eye?
    Public Relations Journal Vol. 5, No. 2, Spring 2011 ISSN 1942-4604 © 2011 Public Relations Society of America The Press Release: Do TV and Newspaper Editors See Eye to Eye? Reginald F. Moody In an effort to expand and compare results with a 2008 study of newspaper editors, this research asked the following: Do TV assignment editors have similar preferences for writing style in press releases as do their newspaper counterparts, or are they inclined to respond differently, owing to the demands of TV audiences and the characteristics of the broadcast medium? Results of this experiment indicate that TV assignment editors are just as likely as newspaper editors to use all or part of press releases written in either the inverted pyramid style or narrative style. However, the two have mixed opinions as to which writing style produces a more interesting and enjoyable, more informative, clearer and more understandable and more credible press release. The author discusses how public relations students and professionals can benefit from this disparity of response between TV assignment editors and newspaper editors in the acceptance or rejection of news releases based on writing style. The notion that newspaper editors are more likely to choose a press release written in a narrative style over one written in an inverted-pyramid style was mixed at best when viewed from the surface of an experiment conducted in 2008 of newspaper editors across the American heartland. Nonetheless, writing style was seen as having an unquestionable link to an editor’s assessment of certain press release characteristics, such as whether a release was found to be more interesting and enjoyable, more informative, clearer and more understandable and more credible.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to the Nagra 4.2 Production Sound Recording
    Guide to the Nagra 4.2 and Production Sound Recording 2nd Edition Written by Fred Ginsburg, Ph.D. C.A.S. Price: © Copyright 1994, 2003 by Fred Ginsburg. All rights reserved. It is illegal to make copies of this publication and its contents by any means mechanical, photographic, or electronic without express written consent of the copyright owner. ISBN 0-9713941-0-5 Guide to the Nagra 4.2 and Production Sound Recording EQUIPMENT EMPORIUM INC Education & Training Division Published and distributed by Equipment Emporium Inc. Read more articles about Education & Training Division Production Sound at 15235 Brand Blvd, Ste A-110 www.equipmentemporium.com Mission Hills CA 91345 (800) 473-4554 www.equipmentemporium.com ISBN 0-9713941-0-5 2nd Edition printed October 2003. © Copyright 1994, 2003 by Fred Ginsburg. All rights reserved. It is illegal to make copies of this publication and its contents by any means mechanical, photographic, or electronic without express written consent of the copyright owner. Preface This publication is a compilation of articles dealing with Production Sound Recording for Motion Pictures and Video. It includes the popular "Guide to the Nagra 4.2" operations manual along with an assortment of short pieces covering various aspects of sound recording for film and video. Many of these articles were originally published indepen- dent of each other in trade magazines, so it is not unusual to find some redundancy. I have opted not to include operating guides for recent digital recorders since PDF versions of the original manuals can be downloaded from the manufacturers websites. Manufacturers' brand names and model numbers are the registered trademarks of those respective companies.
    [Show full text]
  • A Gatekeeping Experiment Examining Credibility, ☆ ☆☆ ★ Branding, and Affiliation Within Information Subsidies ,
    Public Relations Review xxx (xxxx) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Public Relations Review journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/pubrev Full Length Article Will you run it? A gatekeeping experiment examining credibility, ☆ ☆☆ ★ branding, and affiliation within information subsidies , , R. David Hechta, Fred Martina, Theresa Donnellya, Michael Larsona, ⁎ Kaye D. Sweetserb, a United States Navy b School of Journalism & Media Studies, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4561, United States ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Information subsidies from military and civilian public relations practitioners receive varying VNR degrees of acceptance by media gatekeepers. Using an experimental design, this study examined Information subsidy organizational affiliation within media gatekeeping. Television news decision-makers were ff Military public a airs randomly assigned one of five mock live news reports with only the reporter’s clothing and on-air Media relations title manipulated. Results indicated affiliation did not affect gatekeeper use. Higher credibility Public relations was attributed to spokespersons with no organizational affiliation, and to military practitioners Journalists Video news release over civilians. Gatekeeping 1. Introduction When a train accident claimed the life of 50 people in October 1906, railroad publicist Ivy Lee did something most public relations practitioners today take for granted; Lee issued the very first press release. Lee used the newspapers to his advantage by telling the railroad’s side of the story in his own words. The New York Times printed the press release word for word. Ever since that day, public relations practitioners have used this strategy in an attempt to leverage the media to increase awareness and sway opinions.
    [Show full text]
  • Changing Minds Or Changing Channels?
    Changing Minds or Changing Channels? Media Effects in the Era of Expanded Choice Kevin Arceneaux Martin Johnson Associate Professor of Political Science Associate Professor of Political Science Institute of Public Affairs Affiliate Media & Communication Research Lab Temple University University of California, Riverside [email protected] [email protected] July 17, 2012 Forthcoming at the University of Chicago Press Chapter 1 The Expansion of Choice Walk into the average American home, turn on the television, and enter a variegated world of news and entertainment. The old standbys of the broadcast networks are on the line-up, with serious news programs at the appointed hour and soap operas, game shows, sitcoms, and dramas the rest of the time. Venture into the channels on most cable packages and find ever more, specialized viewing choices. A half-dozen channels or more are devoted to the news 24-hours a day, seven days a week. The shows on these networks range from the sedate anchor-behind-a-desk format to lively opinionated talk shows where the hosts and guests lob invective and unsubstantiated claims without compunction. Keep flipping the channel and happen on all sorts of diversions from the worries and cares of the day. On MTV, to take one example of many, cameras follow Jersey Shore star Mike “The Situation” Sorrentino to the gym, tanning salon, laundromat, nightclubs, and back home. Elsewhere on cable television, viewers can find endless depictions of more interesting things like people building unique motorcycles, decorating impossibly elaborate cakes, crafting beautiful tattoos, rescuing endangered animals, and catching catfish with their bare hands.
    [Show full text]