COPYRIGHT AMENDMENTS ACT OF 1991 HEARINGS BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND JUDICIAL ADMINISTRATION OP THE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED SECOND CONGRESS FIRST SESSION ON H.R. 2372 COPYRIGHT AMENDMENTS ACT OF 1991 FADl USE OF UNPUBLISHED WORKS, COPYRIGHT RENEWAL, AND NATIONAL FILM PRESERVATION MAY 30, JUNE 6, 12, AND 20, 1991 Serial No. 94 FJM /0-Z. //,#, Printed for the uae of the Committee on the Judiciary COPYRIGHT AMENDMENTS ACT OF 1991 HEARINGS BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND JUDICIAL ADMINISTRATION OF THE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED SECOND CONGRESS FIRST SESSION ON H.R. 2372 COPYRIGHT AMENDMENTS ACT OF 1991 FAIR USE OF UNPUBLISHED WORKS, COPYRIGHT RENEWAL, AND NATIONAL FILM PRESERVATION MAY 30, JUNE 6, 12, AND 20, 1991 Serial No. 94 Printed for the use of the Committee on the Judiciary U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 62-146 CC WASHINGTON : 1993 For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, IX 20402 ISBN 0-16-040649-8 COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY JACK BROOKS, Texas, Chairman DON EDWARDS, California HAMILTON FISH, JR., New York JOHN CONYERS, JR., Michigan CARLOS J. MOORHEAD, California ROMANO L. MAZZOLI, Kentucky HENRY J. HYDE, Illinois WILLIAM J. HUGHES, New Jersey F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., MIKE SYNAR, Oklahoma Wisconsin PATRICIA SCHROEDER, Colorado BILL McCOLLUM, Florida DAN GLICKMAN, Kansas GEORGE W. GEKAS, Pennsylvania BARNEY FRANK, Massachusetts HOWARD COBLE, North Carolina CHARLES E. SCHUMER, New York D. FRENCH SLAUGHTER, JR., Virginia EDWARD F. FEIGHAN, Ohio LAMAR S. SMITH, Texas HOWARD L. BERMAN, California CRAIG T. JAMES, Florida RICK BOUCHER, Virginia HARLEY O. STAGGERS, JR., West Virginia TOM CAMPBELL, California JOHN BRYANT, Texaa STEVEN SCHIFF, New Mexico MEL LEVINE, California JIM RAMSTAD, Minnesota GEORGE E. SANGMEISTER, Illinois CRAIG A. WASHINGTON, Texas PETER HOAGLAND, Nebraska MICHAEL J. KOPETSKI, Oregon JOHN F. REED, Rhode Island JONATHAN R. YAROWSKY, General Counsel ROBERT H. BRINK, Deputy General Counsel ALAN F. COFFEY, JR., Minority Chief Counsel SUBCOMMITTEE ON INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND JUDICIAL ADMINISTRATION WILUAM J. HUGHES, New Jersey, Chairman JOHN CONYERS, JR., Michigan CARLOS J. MOORHEAD, California MIKE SYNAR, Oklahoma HOWARD COBLE, North Carolina PATRICIA SCHROEDER, Colorado HAMILTON FISH, JR., New York DAN GLICKMAN, Kansas F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., BARNEY FRANK, Massachusetts Wisconsin CHARLES E. SCHUMER, New York CRAIG T. JAMES, Florida RICK BOUCHER, Virginia TOM CAMPBELL, California MEL LEVINE, California GEORGE E. SANGMEISTER, Illinois HAYDEN W. GREGORY, Counsel MICHAEL J. REMINGTON, Assistant Counsel EDWARD O'CONNELL, Assistant Counsel LINDA C. HALL, Editor PHYLLIS HENDERSON, Staff Assistant THOMAS E. MOONBY, Minority Counsel JOSEPH V. VfOlfE, Minority Counsel (ID CONTENTS HEARINGS DATES Paga May 30, 1991 1 June 6, 1991 121 June 12, 1991 316 June 20, 1991 '. 407 TEXT OF BILL H.R. 2372 ., 2 OPENING STATEMENT Hughes, Hon. William J., a Representative in Congress from the State of New Jersey, and chairman, Subcommittee on Intellectual Property and Judicial Administration 1 WITNESSES Abrams, Floyd, Esq., Cahill Gordon & Reindel, on behalf of the Authors Guild 28 Billington, James, Ph.D., the Librarian of Congress, accompanied by Eric Schwartz, Policy Planning Adviser to the Register of Copyrights, and Coun­ sel, National Film Preservation Board, and Dr. Pat Loughney, Curator of Film Programs 317 Black, Edward J., vice president and general counsel, Computer & Communications Industry Association 192 Burger, James M., chief counsel for government and field sales, Apple Computer, Inc 99 Byrd, Jacqueline, widow of songwriter Robert Byrd 416 Candilora. Vincent, president and chief executive officer, SESAC, Inc., Nashville, TN 437 Counter, Nicholas, III, president, Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers, Los Angeles, CA, on behalf of the Motion Picture Association of America, Inc 361 Gould, Morton, president, American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers, accompanied by Bernard Korman 422 Kanin, Fay, chairperson, National Film Preservation Board, and secretary and past president, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, Santa Monica, CA 332 Karp, Irwin, counsel, Committee for Literary Property Studies, Rye Brook, NY 444 Marton, Kati, author, New York City „ 41 MorriL Mark, Esq., senior vice president and general counsel, Simon & Schuster, New York City, on behalf of the Association of American Publishers 49 Neukom, William, Esq., vice president and general counsel, Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, testifying on behalf of Software Publishers Association 106 Oman, Ralph, Register of Copyrights and Associate Librarian, Library of Congress, accompanied by William Patry, Policy Planning Adviser to the Register, Eric Schwartz, Policy Planning Adviser to the Register, and Marilyn Kretsinger, Assistant General Counsel 140 Perlmutter, Prof. Shira, Cohimbus School of Law, the Catholic University of America 230 (IH) IV Page Preston, Frances W., president and chief executive officer, Broadcast Music, Inc., accompanied by Jacqueline Byrd, widow of BMI Songwriter Robert Byrd, New York, NY 410 Silverstein, Elliot, chairman of the president's committee, Directors Guild of America, Los Angeles, CA 376 Steinhilber, August W., chairman, Educators' Ad Hoc Committee on Copyright Law 222 Turow, Scott, Esq., Sonnenshein, Nath & Rosenthal, Chicago, IL 123 Vittor, Kenneth M., Esq., vice president and associate general counsel, McGraw-Hill, Inc., on behalf of the Magazine Publishers of America 60 Waggoner, Robert C, chairman, Video Monitoring Services of America, Inc., NY, on behalf of the International Association of Broadcast Monitors 265 Walton, Brian, executive director, Writers Guild of America, West, Los Angeles, CA 387 Weiss, George David, president, Songwriters Guild of America 429 LETTERS, STATEMENTS, ETC., SUBMITTED FOR THE HEARINGS Abrams, Floyd, Esq., Cahill Gordon &. Reindel, on behalf of the Authors Guild: Prepared statement 31 Billington, James, Ph.D., the Librarian of Congress: Prepared statement 320 Black, Edward J., vice president and general counsel, Computer & Commu­ nications Industry Association: Prepared statement 195 Burger, James M., chief counsel for government and field sales, Apple Com­ puter, Inc.: Prepared statement 101 Byrd, Jacqueline, widow of Songwriter Robert Byrd: Prepared statement 418 Candilora. Vincent, president and chief executive officer, SESAC, Inc., Nashvill, TN: Prepared statement 438 Counter, Nicholas, IIL president, Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers, Los Angeles, CA, on behalf of the Motion Picture Association of America, Inc.: Prepared statement 354 Ginsburg, Jane C, professor law, Columbia University: Prepared statement ... 311 Gould, Morton, president, American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers: Prepared statement 424 Karp, Irwin, counsel, Committee for Literary Property Studies, Rye Brook, NY: Prepared statement 447 Marton, Kati, author, New York City: Prepared statement 44 Morril, Mark, Esq., senior vice president and general counsel, Simon & Schuster, New York City, on behalf of the Association of American Publish­ ers: Prepared statement 51 Neukom, William, Esq., vice president and general counsel, Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, testifying on behalf of Software Publishers Association: Prepared statement 108 Oman, Ralph, Register of Copyrights and Associate Librarian, Library of Congress: Prepared statement 144 Perlmutter, Prof. Shira, Columbus School of Law, the Catholic University of America: Prepared statement 233 Preston, Frances W., president and chief executive officer, Broadcast Music, Inc.: Prepared statement 411 Silverstein, Elliot, chairman of the president's committee, Directors Guild of America, Los Angeles, CA: Prepared statement 379 Steinhilber, August W., chairman, Educators' Ad Hoc Committee on Copyright Law: Prepared statement 224 Turow, Scott, Esq., Sonnenshein, Nath & Rosenthal, Chicago, IL: Prepared statement .-. ... 126 Vittor, Kenneth M., Esq., vice president and associate general counsel, McGraw-Hill, Inc., on behalf of the Magazine Publishers of America: Prepared statement 62 Waggoner, Robert C, chairman, Video Monitoring Services of America, Inc., NY, on behalf of the International Association of Broadcast Monitors: Pre­ pared statement 258 Walton. Brian, executive director, Writers Guild of America, West, Los Angeles, CA: Prepared statement 390 Weiss, George David, president, Songwriters Guild of America: Prepared statement 431 V Page APPENDIXES Appendix 1.—Letter from Mark C. Morril, Esq., senior vice president and eneral counsel, Simon & Schuster, to Hon. William J. Hughes, chairman, gubcommittee on Intellectual Property and Judicial Administration, June 24,1991 457 Appendix 2.—Letter from Kenneth M. Vittor, vice president and general counsel, McGraw-Hill, Inc., to Hon. William J. Hughes, June 12, 1991 460 Appendix 3.—Letter from Floyd Abrams, Esq., Cahill Gordon & Reindel, with attached statement, to Hon. William J. Hughes, June 5, 1991 467 Appendix 4.—Letter from Penny A. Hazelton, president, American Association of Law Libraries (with attachment), to Hon. William J. Hughes, June 6, 1991 534 Appendix 5.—Letter from Shira Perlmutter, assistant professor, Columbus School of Law, the Catholic University of America, to Hon. William J. Hughes, November 27, 1991 _ 540 Appendix 6.—Annual report of the activities