„Różańcowe” Osoby Tennessee Williamsa

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„Różańcowe” Osoby Tennessee Williamsa „Różańcowe” osoby Tennessee Williamsa We wrześniu 1982 roku, dwudziestoletni początkujący dramatopisarz i scenarzysta James Grissom wysłał do Tennessee Williamsa list z prośbą o radę w sprawie kariery literackiej. 71- letni wówczas Williams, który tkwił w długotrwałym okresie niemocy twórczej, odpisał: „Chyba możesz mi pomóc”. Na czym polegała ta pomoc? Williams podczas kolejnych spotkań z młodym człowiekiem podał mu listę osób, przeważnie kobiet, których nazwał „szaleństwem Boga”. Ludzi, których znał i którzy byli dla niego ważni. Opowiedział o relacjach z nimi i poprosił, by Grissom odwiedził ich i spytał jak wiele dla nich Tennessee Williams znaczył. Wypełnienie tej misji zajęło Grissomowi prawie 30 lat. Pokłosiem wielu spotkań jest książka „Szaleństwo Boga. Tennessee Williams i kobiety z mgły”. Williams podzielił się z Grissomem wspomnieniami o wyłanianiu się postaci Amandy ze „Szklanej menażerii”, Blanche DuBois z „Tramwaju zwanego pożądaniem” i innych bohaterek jego dramatów. Dzięki temu możemy zajrzeć za kulisy powstawania sztuk jednego z najważniejszych dramatopisarzy XX wieku. Książka jest galerią postaci zaludniających masową wyobraźnię społeczeństwa amerykańskiego przełomu lat 40. i 50.: Maureen Stapleton, Lillian Gish, Katherine Hepburn, Geraldine Page, Jessica Tandy, Anne Saxton, Marilyn Monroe, Marlon Brando, Elia Kazan, Truman Capote, Carson McCullers, William Inge i wiele aktorek, których nazwiska zapisały się w historii kina. Galerię otwiera rozdział poświęcony aktorce Maureen Stapleton. Aktorkę z dramatopisarzem łączyło to, że oboje byli marzycielami. To Maureen spowodowała, że Williams otrzymał od niej coś, czego nie dała mu matka, przy Maureen czuł się bezpieczny i szczęśliwy. Tennesse Williams był bardzo silnie związany emocjonalnie z matką i siostrą. „uczucia, które żywię w stosunku do matki i siostry, przeszywają mnie dzień w dzień i nie wątpię, że są jądrem mojej tożsamości, mówią mi, kim jestem, że jestem kochany i kocham, nieważne jak nędznie i nieporadnie” – wspominał. Matka jednak nie potrafiła darzyć go ciepłem i bezwarunkową miłością, ale kompensował sobie brak tych uczuć w kontaktach z Maureen Stapleton, Marian Seldes i Elizabeth Ashley. Stella Adler i Eve Le Gallienne utwierdzały go w podejmowaniu kolejnych prób dramaturgicznych. Lgnął do silnych kobiet: Eileen Heckart, Barbary Baxley i Elizabeth Wilson. „- Niewielka jest szansa na to, że będziesz dobrym i uczciwym pisarzem i zaznasz przy tym wygód, uznania i życzliwości tłumu. To się zdarza nadzwyczaj rzadko. Oto lekcja, oświadczył Tenn [Williams], którą odebrał za pośrednictwem Lois Smith i Marian Selders” – pisze Grissom. „Była kamieniem, na którym szlifowałem talent, czując, że staje się ostrzejszy” - mówił o aktorce, założycielce Civic Repertory Thetre, Eve Lee Galienne. Katherine Hepburn uświadomiła mu, że nikt inny, tylko on sam musi odpowiadać za siebie. Marian Seldes, która grała w jego sztuce „The Milk Train Doesn’t Stop Here Anymore” nauczyła go, jak kochać coś, co jest ułomne i przerażające – wspominał – „i nauczyła mnie, jak zachować spokój i zaangażowanie w sytuacji zamętu”. Frances Sternhagen i Jessica Tandy pomagały mu, podtrzymywały i niańczyły. Rozdział poświęcony Lillian Gish to kulisy wykuwania się arcydzieła, jakim jest „Tramwaj zwany pożądaniem”. Tennesse Williams chciał, by rolę Blanche DeBois w prapremierze zagrała Lillian Gish. Jej pierwszej wysłał rękopis „Tramwaju...”. Gish nie zgrała tej roli, ale znajomość z Tennessee Williamsem wpłynęła na jej życie. Wspominała: „Jeżeli jesteśmy otwarci, jeżeli chcemy widzieć i czuć, ile się da, doświadczamy niesamowitej pełni. Tennesseee Williams mi to dał. Tennessee zmienił moje życie”. Jej zadedykował „Portrait of Madonna”. „Lillian Gish była przewodniczką która zaprowadziła mnie do Blanche – wspominał Williams - nauczyła mnie, jak ważny jest strach, a właściwie, jak ważnym jest, by mu nie ulegać, nie pozwolić, żeby nami rządził”. Tennessee Williams obracał się w kręgu kobiet „o zmiennej naturze, kapryśnych, narowistych, nastawionych nieraz na odbiór fal o takiej częstotliwości, jakiej nikt inny nie odbierał. Właśnie wśród nich czuł się bezpieczny, czerpiąc pociechę z tego, że nie zdolne były funkcjonować lepiej od niego, miały skłonności do rozwijania i zaspokajania tych samych apetytów, lgnęły do tego, co nielegalne i obezwładniające” – pisze Grissom. „Kobiety – zwierzał się Williams - dawały mi postaci, pomysły, język, kobiety zapewniały mi jedzenie, picie i drobne pieniądze na przeżycie. Pod każdym względem, tak fizycznym, jak artystycznym, narodziłem się i żyję dzięki kobietom”. Rozmowy z ludźmi, którzy przyjaźnili się, czy znali Tennessee Williamsa przybliżają jego postać, ale więcej o osobowości wybitnego twórcy znajdziemy we fragmentach, które są zwierzeniami dramaturga zanotowanymi przez Grissoma i cytowanymi w książce obficie. Tennessee Williams wspomina przyjęcia w mieszkaniu Marlona Brando, bankiety u początkujących pisarzy, aktorów, bogatych homoseksualistów w Los Angeles, kokainową bibkę z Trumanem Capote. Mówi o Marylin Monroe studiującej u Lee Strasberga, o Elii Kazanie, któremu najbardziej ufał i któremu posyłał wszystkie sztuki napisane w latach sześćdziesiątych i na początku lat siedemdziesiątych, prosząc o ocenę. Wspomina Luchino Viscontiego, który nauczył go „przeżywać długotrwały orgazm estetyczny i kulturowy” i „rozkoszować się barwą i subtelną złożonością każdej chwili i każdej osoby”. Wędrujemy śladami Williamsa z czasów, kiedy był debiutantem, kiedy był już sławny i kiedy żył pełnią życia. Tennessee Williams, nosił przy sobie osobliwy różaniec bez krzyża. Każdy paciorek oznaczał osobę dla niego ważną. Nazywał je„różańcowymi” osobami, które miały dla niego znaczenie, które „dźwigały go rankiem i prowadziły do stołu i czystej kartki papieru, tego srogiego sędziego o bladym obliczu”. Każdą z tych „różańcowych” osób Grissom opisał w swojej książce. James Grissom, „Szaleństwo Boga. Tennessee Williams i kobiety z mgły”, Wydawnictwo Czarne, Wołowiec 2016. .
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