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№42/2020 Norwegian Journal of Development of the International Science ISSN 3453-9875 VOL.4 It Was Established in November №42/2020 Norwegian Journal of development of the International Science ISSN 3453-9875 VOL.4 It was established in November 2016 with support from the Norwegian Academy of Science. DESCRIPTION The Scientific journal “Norwegian Journal of development of the International Science” is issued 12 times a year and is a scientific publication on topical problems of science. Editor in chief – Karin Kristiansen (University of Oslo, Norway) The assistant of theeditor in chief – Olof Hansen James Smith (University of Birmingham, UK) Kristian Nilsen (University Centre in Svalbard, Norway) Arne Jensen (Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway) Sander Svein (University of Tromsø, Norway) Lena Meyer (University of Gothenburg, Sweden) Hans Rasmussen (University of Southern Denmark, Denmark) Chantal Girard (ESC Rennes School of Business, France) Ann Claes (University of Groningen, Netherlands) Ingrid Karlsen (University of Oslo, Norway) Terje Gruterson (Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway) Sander Langfjord (University Hospital, Norway) Fredrik Mardosas (Oslo and Akershus University College, Norway) Emil Berger (Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Norway) Sofie Olsen (BioFokus, Norway) Rolf Ulrich Becker (University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany) Lutz Jäncke (University of Zürich, Switzerland) Elizabeth Davies (University of Glasgow, UK) Chan Jiang(Peking University, China) and other independent experts 1000 copies Norwegian Journal of development of the International Science Iduns gate 4A, 0178, Oslo, Norway email: [email protected] site: http://www.njd-iscience.com CONTENT HISTORICAL SCIENCES Bespalov A. Kotova S. PRINCE LEOPOLD I VON ANHALT-DESSAU - FATHER OF NATIONAL MOBILIZATION IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES THE PRUSSIAN INFANTRY ............................................ 3 AT THE BEGINNING OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR (1914-1918) ............................................................... 16 Zhumatov D. FROM THE HISTORY OF THE INTEGRATION OF Sabyr S. KAZAKH LANGUAGE INTO DOCUMENTATION THE POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE ON THE MANAGEMENT .......................................................... 12 CONSTRUCTION OF MOSQUES IN THE KAZAKH STEPPE IN THE XIX CENTURY ..................................... 22 PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES Vitіuk V. Ryzhanova A. READINESS OF FUTURE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL SOCIAL EDUCATION IN UKRAINE: DYNAMICS FROM TEACHERS TO IMPROVE SPELLING COMPETENCY .... 28 AUTHORITARIAN TO DEMOCRATIC TIMES ................ 37 Akhmetzhanova G., Emelyanova T. Strazhnikova I., Kozhokar M. TRANSCULTURAL COMPONENT OF INNOVATIVE PROBLEMS OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION OF RURAL THINKING OF FUTURE PEDAGOGUES: DEFINITION ... 32 YOUTH IN THE CONCERN OF HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE WESTERN REGION OF UKRAINE ......................... 44 PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES Susi M., Anggraeni Purnama D., Nany I. Vasilevich E. RUSSIAN IMPERSONAL SENTENCES AND THEIR THE MOTIVE OF LOVE IN THE STORY OF PAVEL TRANSLATION INTO INDONESIA LANGUAGE ............ 48 SANAEV “BURY ME BEHIND THE BASEBOARD” ......... 52 PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES Dymnikowa M. Levina I. ANALYSIS OF SIGHT-READING MUSICAL REMOTE EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESS AS AN EXECUTIVE ORGANIZATION OF ONLINE TRAINING ...................... 66 FUNCTION ................................................................. 56 Zhuravlova O. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROCRASTINATION AND APPROACH MOTIVATION .................................. 62 SOCIAL SCIENCES Stryhul M., Khomeriki O. ACADEMIC AND INFORMATIONAL CAPITALISM AS PRODUCTS OF THE GLOBALIZED MARKET ................ 71 Norwegian Journal of development of the International Science No 42/2020 3 HISTORICAL SCIENCES PRINCE LEOPOLD I VON ANHALT-DESSAU - FATHER OF THE PRUSSIAN INFANTRY Bespalov A. Academy of State Fire Service EMERCOM of Russia, Professor of the Department of History and Eco- nomic Theory, Associate Professor, PhD in History, Moscow, Russia ПРИНЦ ЛЕОПОЛЬД I ФОН АНХАЛЬТ-ДЕССАУ-ОТЕЦ ПРУССКОЙ ПЕХОТЫ Беспалов А.В. Академия государственной противопожарной службы МЧС России, профессор кафедры истории и экономической теории, доцент, доктор исторических наук, г. Москва, Россия Abstract Based on an analysis of biographical directories and an array of previously published works, the article tells about the personality and activities of the Prussian commander Field Marshal Prince Leopold von Anhalt-Dessau during the Wars of the Spanish Succession (1701-1714) and the Great Northern War (1700- 1721). This article may be useful to scientists, teachers, adjuncts, students and students of humanitarian educational institutions studying the course of disciplines: “History”, “History of Russia”, “History of world civilizations”, “History of international relations”. Аннотация В статье на основе анализа биографических справочников и массива, ранее опубликованных работ, рассказывается о личности и деятельности прусского полководца генерал-фельдмаршала принца Лео- польда фон Анхальт-Дессау в период войн За испанское наследство (1701-1714 гг.) и Великой Северной войны (1700-1721 гг.). Данная статья может быть полезна научным работникам, преподавателям, адъюнктам, слушателям и студентам гуманитарных образовательных учреждений, изучающих курс дисциплин:«История», «История России»,«История мировых цивилизаций», «История международных отношений». Keywords: prince, analysis, tactics, Prussia, activity. Ключевые слова: принц, анализ, тактика, Пруссия, деятельность. 3 июля 1675 года в столице княжества Ан- Как правило, представители правящих домов хальт-Дессау городе Дессау в семье правящего малых германских государств состояли на службе у князя Иоганна Георга II и княгини Ганриетты Ката- своих более могущественных соседей. Отец принца рины Нассау- Оранской родился долгожданный Леопольда не был исключением из правил. К мо- сын и наследник принц Леопольд. Принц был девя- менту появления на свет долгожданного наслед- тым из десяти детей, родившихся в браке его роди- ника. князь Иоганн Георг II носил чин генерал- телей, но единственным представителем мужского фельдмаршала бранденбургской армии. С ней и бу- пола дессаунской ветви дома Асканиев. Род Аска- дет связана в дальнейшем вся жизнь его сына и ниев был известен с VI века. Его знаменитыми наследника. представителями являлись Альбрехт Медведь и Принц Леопольд получил домашнее образова- Генрих Лев. В XII в. Аскании стали маркграфами ние. Его властная мать на всю жизнь привила сыну Бранденбургскими и курфюрстами Саксонскими, склонность к экономии, расчетливости и бережли- благодаря чему род вошел в число влиятельных вости. Известный немецкий историк Вольфганг Фе- германских родов. Владели также герцогствами нор в своей монографии о короле Фридрихе-Виль- Саксен-Виттенберг и Саксен-Лауэнбург. В XIV в. гельме I дал такую характеристику принцу Лео- Бранденбург перешел к Гогенцоллернам, Саксония польду:"Это был человек во вкусе Фридриха - к Веттинам. Во владении Асканиев осталось Вильгельма: практичный, здравомыслящий, гру- только герцогство Ангальтское. В 1603 году пять бый, богобоязненный и враждебный всякой рос- сыновей князя Иоахима Эрнста разделили княже- коши, целиком отдавший себя «экономии» и воен- ство на пять частей- Анхальт-Цербст, Анхальт_Кё- ному делу"[7, С.96]. тен, Анхальт-Бернбург, Анхальт-Днссау и Ан- В возрасте 12-ти лет он получил от императора хальт-Плёцкау. В связи со смертью не имевших Леопольда шефство над пехотным полком (1688). наследников князей Плёцкау, княжество было После смерти своего отца (1693) сделан полковни- вновь разделено между четырьмя ветвями рода в ком и командиром полка на военной службе кур- 1653 году. Анхальт-Дессау относилось к малым фюрста Бранденбурга, стал владетельным князем германским государствам с населением в 30 000 че- Анхальт-Дессау. В 1695 отправился на театр воен- ловек. Скромные доходы княжества складывались ных действий в Нидерланды, за мужество при осаде из продажи шерсти, стекла и сельскохозяйственной Намюра получил чин генерал-майора (1695)[1, продукции. С.165]. 4 Norwegian Journal of development of the International Science No 42/2020 Даже в личной жизни князь шокировал окру- Именно по его рекомендации в прусской армии был жающих своей настойчивостью и способностью принят на вооружение штык. Однако эти иннова- идти наперекор общественному мнению. Вопреки ции до поры до времени мало волновали умы евро- воле родителей он женился по любви на дочери ап- пейских военачальников. Князя считали чудаком. текаря Анне Луизе Фёзе и добился дарования своей Но уже при взятии Бонна в 1703 году, обученные супруге титула имперской княгини. им пруссаки настолько отличились, что вызвали за- К моменту преобразования курфюршества висть у всей союзной армии, а король Фридрих I Бранденбург в королевство Пруссия Леопольд Ан- пожаловал князю орден Черного Орла. В том же хальт-Дессау губернатор Магдебурга. Пруссия вы- году стойкость выпестованной принцем прусской ступила в войне за испанское наследство (1701- пехоты спасет от разгрома союзную армию Лим- 1714 гг.) на стороне "Великого альянса" против бург-Штирума в сражении с войсками маршала де Франции и её союзников. Виллара у Гохштедта. А произойдет это так. На 1 января 1704 г. прусская армия состояла из Стратегия войн XVIII в. в первую очередь тре- 18 пехотных полков (33 батальона), 10 кавалерий- бовала от полководца умения маневрировать, защи- ских (29 эскадронов), 6 драгунских (24 эскадрона) щая свои коммуникации, и, наносить поражения полков, 17 гарнизонных рот, двух вольных рот, противнику, путем перехвата его коммуникаций. двух морских рот, артиллерийского батальона (490 При этом было желательно избегать
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