Building women’s LEADERSHIP in governance, peace and security
esponsible governance based on democracy and Rrespect for human rights requires women’s leadership in decision-making and the accountability of public institutions to women. Bringing a gender perspective to constitutional, electoral, legislative, judicial and policy processes helps strengthen the rule of law and ensure gender justice. In conflict situations, women’s political, economic and social exclusion is even more pronounced.
UNIFEM programmes promote women’s leadership to ensure their equal voice in shaping the policies that affect their lives and choices. UNIFEM’s work in this area centres on:
Peace and security, by providing assistance to women in conflict situations and supporting their participation in peace processes;
Gender justice, by strengthening the gender focus in electoral, constitutional, legislative and judicial processes.
Sean Fitzgerald 18 1995
Agenda of World Summit for “Transforming Development,” a story of UNIFEM and of Social Development reflects its projects in the field, is published by UNIFEM’s founding full range of women’s issues; director, Margaret Snyder. draft declaration contains Fourth World Conference on Women, in Beijing, commitment to ensuring reviews and debates 12 critical areas of concern full equality. and adopts Platform for Action.
Ting Shao Kuang, China UN Postal Administration, 1995
Peace and security
uring 2001, UNIFEM’s work on peace and months of the assessment, Independent Experts security grew significantly in all regions. Elisabeth Rehn (Finland), Ellen Johnson Sirleaf DNearly $12 million has been pledged by (Liberia) and Rapporteur Victoria Brittain (UK) bilateral donors and the United Nations Foundation carried out missions to Bosnia and Herzegovina, in support of UNIFEM’s work to: strengthen the Cambodia, Colombia, the Democratic Republic gender focus in prevention and early warning of Congo, East Timor, Israel and the occupied mechanisms; improve protection and assistance Palestinian territories, Kosovo/Federal Republic for women affected by conflict; make women and of Yugoslavia, the former Yugoslav Republic of gender perspectives central to peace processes; Macedonia, Rwanda and Somalia. Preliminary and support gender justice in post-conflict peace- findings from these missions have called building. UNIFEM has also developed a major attention to the glaring gaps in the delivery of initiative in support of women’s leadership in protection and assistance to women and girls. Afghanistan (see page 7). The Experts have pointed to the under-explored links between gender, conflict and HIV/AIDS and To increase the information available to inform to the way in which sexual violence and prevention and early warning strategies, UNIFEM HIV/AIDS have been used as weapons of war. carried out situational and needs assessments of Their final report, expected in October 2002, the impact of conflict on women in East Timor, the will recommend a occupied Palestinian territories and Sierra Leone, comprehensive agenda UNIFEM commissioned and on Burundian refugees in Tanzania. In for action by govern- Casamance, Senegal, where hostilities have an Independent Expert ments, the United continued, UNIFEM is participating in the joint Assessment on the Nations and civil socie- donor initiative for Casamance with UNDP, ty. It will complement Impact of Armed UNESCO, UNICEF, WFP, ILO and the EU on the Secretary-General’s “Revival of Casamance’s Economic and Social Conflict on Women report on women, peace Activities Programme.” and Women’s Role in and security that will Following the Security Council’s adoption of be presented to the Peace-building in Resolution 1325 in October 2000 — the first Security Council. March 2001. issued on women, peace and security — UNIFEM supported a range of follow-up measures. Women and girls are often neglected in the delivery UNIFEM provided relevant information to the of protection and assistance during conflict. Security Council on areas referred to in UNIFEM helps mobilize and raise awareness of Resolution 1325 and facilitated the Council’s the need for gender-responsive protection, direct interaction with women affected by humanitarian, psychosocial and economic assis- conflict. UNIFEM also commissioned an tance strategies, especially in preventing Independent Expert Assessment on the Impact of violence against women. UNIFEM helped mobilize Armed Conflict on Women and Women’s Role in support for women’s protection and assistance Peace-building in March 2001. During the first six during conflict by contributing to the preparation
19 1995 1996 1997
UNIFEM publishes UN General Assembly establishes Trust Fund in UNIFEM launches first Strategy & “Commitment to the World’s Support of Actions to Eliminate Violence Against Business Plan, 1997-1999. Women”, with an introduction Women at UNIFEM to identify and support innovative by the Executive Director, projects aimed specifically at preventing and eliminat- UNIFEM organized first Mayan Noeleen Heyzer, entitled, “A ing violence against women. Since it was established, Women’s Congress on traditional Women’s Development Agenda the Trust Fund has awarded over $ 5 million in grants knowledge in the Yucatan for the 21st Century.” to 127 projects in 71 countries. Peninisula, Mexico.
Bringing of the 2002 Consolidated Appeals Process for the a Gender Great Lakes region and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Efforts were also made to ensure that Perspective issues of violence against women and human to the Inter- rights abuses of displaced women were Congolese addressed in the Consolidated Appeals Process. Dialogue In Somalia, gender was mainstreamed in the Demobilization and Reintegration Programme In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), women and in the peace-building and conflict resolution demanded to be adequately represented in the mechanisms of IGAD. In Sierra Leone, UNIFEM Inter-Congolese Dialogue (ICD). Following the Lusaka is working with UNAIDS and UNFPA on a Agreement of July 1999, which called for a cease-fire in programme of support dealing with HIV/AIDS and the DRC — and building on UNIFEM’s previous experience gender in a peacekeeping environment. in bringing a gender perspective to the Burundi peace negotiations in 2000 — the Facilitator for the ICD invited From the grassroots level to the negotiating table, UNIFEM to work with his office to support the participa- UNIFEM supports women’s participation in tion of Congolese women in their country’s peace process peace-building and helps leverage the political, and to address gender issues within the substantive financial and technical support needed for these agenda of negotiations. efforts to have an impact on peace processes.
In October 2001, UNIFEM provided financial and technical In Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burundi, Eritrea, Ethiopia, support to CONAFED (Collectif National des Femmes Georgia, Rwanda, Somalia and Sudan, UNIFEM is Democratiques) to organize a ‘Women For Peace’ Forum helping to forge alliances between women living in Kinshasa that would help women clearly articulate in and outside of their countries to promote their views and aspirations in line with each item of the dialogue, reconciliation and trust building across Dialogue’s agenda. The Forum resulted in a plan of action political affiliations, class and ethnicity. With the and mobilization strategy for Congolese women on support of the United Nations Foundation, democratization, elections, reconciliation and humanitarian UNIFEM is coordinating one of very few regional relief. Prior to the ICD, UNIFEM helped convene a projects in the countries of the Southern multi-party meeting of Congolese women in Nairobi, which Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia) that resulted in a unified Declaration and Plan of Action high- is building the capacity of local women peace lighting women’s proposals for the peace process in the activists and women’s organizations. UNIFEM DRC. The meeting also prepared women delegates for supported the creation of Task Forces that are the ICD, which took place in Sun City, South Africa. At the developing curricula for pilot courses in peace ICD, UNIFEM continued to support women delegates studies in all three countries, which will start in through the creation of a multi-party women’s caucus. 2002. UNIFEM is also supporting the creation of a The caucus made sure that gender issues were addressed roster of women in decision-making who could be on the official agenda of the Dialogue and that a special involved in future peace-building initiatives. The session was convened to mark International Women’s project has also supported numerous grassroots Day. Recommendations made by the Women’s Caucus confidence-building activities involving young peo- were reflected in statements made by each of the five ple, media and the cultural and artistic community. main groups participating in the Dialogue. 20 WomenWatch, a joint UN project to 24 October, United Nations Day: In response to the Secretary General’s develop an electronic gateway to infor- UNIFEM sponsors a press conference Reform Agenda, UNIFEM places the mation about gender and women from where a Women’s Peace Petition with first Gender Advisor to the Resident UN agencies, is created. It was founded by more than 99,000 signatures from over Coordinator System, Regina Amadi- UNIFEM, the Division for the Advancement 100 countries was presented to the UN, Njoku in Nigeria. of Women (DAW), and the International calling for a transfer of funds from mili- Research and Training Institute for the tary budgets to sustainable development Advancement of Women (INSTRAW). programmes.
During the transition to peace, the opportunity tary election campaigns. The project, exists to put in place a gender-responsive frame- “Engendering the Agenda of the Election work for a country’s reconstruction. To this end, Campaign to the Polish Parliament”, mobilized UNIFEM is developing principles, policies and women’s NGOs all over the country and a guidelines to address constitutional, legislative, Pre-election Women’s Coalition was established. judicial and electoral processes and reform in The election result: Women comprise 20 per cent societies emerging from conflict, based on of elected representatives in the Lower House and lessons learned from the experiences of East 23 per cent in the Upper House, compared to 12 Timor, Guatemala, Kosovo and Rwanda. per cent and 13 per cent previously.
Gender justice In the Pacific region, UNIFEM is strengthening women’s political empowerment by building the Women’s equal participation in leadership and capacity of parliamentarians and voter education political decision-making are necessary for ensur- in Fiji, Samoa and the Solomon Islands. In ing that gender equality is integrated into policy- Morocco, UNIFEM has been working to strengthen making, and constitutional, legislative, electoral women’s political participation in the electoral and judicial reform. UNIFEM supports women as reform process. Support was provided to the candidates and voters, legal and policy advocacy, Centre for Women’s Leadership of the Democratic and strengthening of national women’s machineries. Association of Moroccan Women to mobilize women across party lines and to advocate for In Poland, UNIFEM supported a national NGO, gender-sensitive measures to increase women’s Osrodek Informacji Srodowisk Kobiecych, to bring a gender perspective to the parliamen-
New Roles for Women in Post-Conflict Reconstruction in East Timor
UNIFEM has established a potentially replicable model of cooperation through its collaboration with the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) Gender Adviser in supporting gender issues within the Mission’s seat Constituent Assembly. A group of trainees, who did mandate, especially in relation to electoral and constitu- not stand for elections, established a national Caucus for tional processes. Due to the combined efforts of the East Women in Politics to support all women candidates, Timorese women’s movement, UNTAET and UNIFEM, 270 regardless of political affiliations. The UNIFEM training to (or 27%) of the 981 candidates for the 2001 elections build women’s capacity in elections was replicated in eight were women, with 23 women (or 26%) elected to the 88 districts in the country. 21 1998 1999
UNIFEM launches an electronic discussion list, 8 March, International Women’s Day:
representation in elected bodies. The result: The advancement of women. UNIFEM’s Post Beijing government proposed to the Parliament an Follow-up Operation/Phase II has also continued amendment to the electoral code reserving 10 per its support for institution-building of NWMs in cent of seats at the national level for women Jordan, Lebanon and the occupied Palestinian candidates and the six parties in the ruling coalition territory, Syria and Yemen. In Brazil, UNIFEM s committed themselves to a 20 per cent quota of upported the National Council for Women’s women candidates to be presented for the Rights in organizing an information database September 2002 parliamentary elections. and a gender analysis of the government’s Pluri-Annual Plan. UNIFEM supports a number of governmental national women’s machineries (NWMs) to advocate In the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, an for and provide technical expertise on gender official committee approved and submitted to the equality policies and programmes. UNIFEM has Prime Minister a proposal to establish a supported capacity-building for the National Commission for the Advancement of Women. A Council of Women in Egypt and the National 30 per cent target for women in national elections Committee for the Advancement was approved. In November, of Iraqi Women through a UNDP UNIFEM supported the first national project. In Qatar and the United UNIFEM workshop of the Lao Women’s Arab Emirates, UNIFEM assisted Union and women members of the National Machineries in formulat- National Assembly to develop ing national strategies for the strategies for meeting the target.
The Beijing Platform think tank and network that involves for Action leading women’s legal and human rights organizations has been formed. The The Fourth World Conference on Women (Beijing 1995) and network is developing strategies to influence actions to fulfill its five-year review in 2000 (Beijing +5) have produced an the Beijing PFA and to implement an Action Plan developed ambitious and comprehensive roadmap towards women’s by women’s groups in Maputo, Mozambique in May 2001. empowerment and gender equality. While all UNIFEM pro- At the end of 2001, UNIFEM signed a Memorandum of grammes are guided by this roadmap, UNIFEM also provides Understanding (MOU) with the South Asian Association for direct support for legal and policy advocacy to raise awareness Regional Cooperation (SAARC) Secretariat to achieve the goals and commitment for the Beijing Platform for Action (PFA). of the PFA and the Beijing +5 Outcome Document. The MOU In Southern Africa, UNIFEM continues to disseminate the will enable closer regional cooperation to promote gender Beijing +5 Outcome Document through electronic mail and at equality and cross fertilization among member countries, presentations. With support from UNIFEM and the Southern including the creation of a SAARC Gender Database on progress African Development Community (SADC), a new regional toward achieving gender equality in the South Asia region.
22 UN General Assembly adopts 25 November as the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women. Women’s activists have marked November 25 as a day against violence since 1981, and for the last decade have held 16 days of activism against gender violence between it and International Human Rights Day on 10 December. The November date came from the brutal 1961 assassination of the three Mirabal sisters in the Dominican Republic.
UNIFEM Promotes Women as Leaders in Building Peace
n March 8, 2001, International Women’s Day, UNIFEM and International Alert, a London-based O conflict-resolution group, launched the first ever Millennium Peace Prize for Women. The global award is the first prize to specifically honour and recognize the critical — but often invisible — contributions that women make to building peace, protecting women’s human rights, and sustaining communities during war.
Since 1901, only 10 of more than 100 Nobel Peace Prize recipients have been women. The Millennium Peace Prize for New York City’s leading chefs Lidia Bastianich of Felidia and Women was created to reverse the stereotype that women Angelo Vivolo of Vivolo — who partnered last year with the are just victims during war and to highlight the often untold UN to raise money for women refugees in Kosovo — recruited stories of individuals and women’s organizations who are ten premiere chefs to donate their time, ingredients and dedicating and risking their lives to bridge differences, heal special ‘Recipes for Peace’ at the dinner. communities, and negotiate for peace in conflict areas. The prize winners were selected by an international The 2001 Millennium Peace Prize recipients were: committee, co-chaired by the Honorable Helen Clark, Prime Minister of New Zealand and H.E. Ruth S. Perry, former Flora Brovina (Kosovo) Chair of the Council of State of the Transitional Government Asma Jahangir and Hina Jilani (Pakistan) of Liberia. Additional members included: Slavenka Drakulic, journalist and author of The Taste of a Man; Laura Esquivel, Veneranda Nzambazamariya author of Like Water for Chocolate; Jose Ramos Horta, Nobel (Rwanda, honored Peace Prize Winner; Monica McWilliams, founding member posthumously) of the Northern Ireland Women’s Coalition; Pratibha Ruta Pacifica de las Mujeres (Colombia) Parmar, award winning filmmaker on women’s issues; Alice Walker, author of The Color Purple; Olivia Leitana Nehan Women’s Development Agency Ward, European Bureau Chief for The Toronto Star; (Papua New Guinea) Kevin Clements, Secretary General, International Alert; and Noeleen Heyzer, Executive Director, UNIFEM. Women in Black (International) The Security Council President noted that the launch of the The prizes were awarded at Recipes for Millennium Peace Prize for Women followed directly in the Peace/Women at the Peace Table, a gala gourmet spirit of the Security Council resolution 1325, adopted awards dinner at the UN Delegates Dining Room. at the first open session of the Council on Women and CNN Anchor Maria Hinajosa and actress Dana Reeve Peace and Security. served as Mistresses of Ceremonies, and celebrities Glenn Close and Lee Grant were among those presenting prizes to For more information visit the winners. www.unifem.undp.org/mpprize/ 23 Promoting women’s HUMAN RIGHTS and eliminating violence against women
omen’s human rights are central to all UNIFEM W programmes. At the same time, a number of programmes focus specifically on building capacity, awareness and compliance with globally agreed norms and standards to advance women’s human rights. In 2001, UNIFEM continued to focus on advancing women’s human rights through concentrating on the following three areas:
Eliminating violence against women and girls by investing in prevention, protection and advocacy strategies;
Assisting in the effective implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW);
Enhancing the understanding of governments, advocates and UN partners of the intersection between human rights, gender and HIV/AIDS to strengthen responses to the epidemic.
24 UNICEF: 93-COU 0183/R. Lemoyne 2000
First time UNIFEM Executive Director, Noeleen United Nations General Assembly Special UNIFEM launches its flagship Heyzer is part of the UN Secretary General’s Session, “Women 2000: Gender, Equality, publication, Progress of the official delegation to meet ASEAN heads of Development and Peace for the Twenty-first World’s Women 2000, during state, at the UN Conference on Trade and Century.” More than 180 nations gather to the Special Session Development (UNCTAD) meeting in Bangkok, assess how far the world has come in achieving of the General ensuring the integration of a gender perspec- the goals of gender equality agreed upon in the Assembly for tive in trade discussions. Beijing Platform for Action. Beijing + 5.
Eliminating violence against women and widespread representation from UN agencies girls by investing in prevention, protection including: the UN Division for the Advancement and advocacy strategies of Women, the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, UNFPA, UNICEF, UNDP, and NIFEM’s support to efforts to end violence UNHCR, as well as representatives of NGOs against women links innovation and repli- working on women’s human rights. Ucation. Its Trust Fund in Support of Actions to Eliminate Violence Against Women serves as a grant-making laboratory for new and innovative strategies and best practices. Lessons learned from the Trust Fund are fed into national, regional and Selected results from recently global programmes that UNIFEM’s field network completed Trust Fund projects: and partners develop into longer-term, high A project in Tanzania that encouraged the impact strategies to end violence against women. participation of law enforcement officers from two local districts in the design of UNIFEM’s Trust Fund in Support of Actions training manuals on gender issues in justice to Eliminate Violence Against Women provision resulted in a pledge made by Since the beginning of its operations in 1996, the the local authorities to enforce national Trust Fund has awarded $5.3 million in grants to legislation ensuring women’s full protection 127 initiatives in over 70 countries. Over the past from domestic violence. three years, it has experienced an unprecedented increase in grant applications from 136 in 1999 to In China, Trust Fund support to a public more than 325 proposals in 2001. This expansion campaign against violence against women points to its unique standing as a specific multi- encouraged the government to establish lateral funding mechanism and the overwhelming the National Coordinating Group for the need to support local innovation to confront gender- Protection of the Rights of Women and based violence. Increased contributions are sorely Children. This institutional mechanism will needed, since in 2001, UNIFEM received $17 million be replicated in four provinces in a project in requests with only $1 million to distribute. supported by the Trust Fund.
In 2001, the Trust Fund allocated $1 million to 21 A soap opera produced in Nicaragua with groups through its regular grant-making cycle Trust Fund support was rated one of the (see list of grants on page 37), and also held a spe- most popular TV programmes in the country, cial grants initiative for innovative media and com- especially among teenage audiences. Focus munications strategies to end violence against groups with young viewers confirmed that the women. Five groups received grants of $50,000 to programme’s clear message was beginning $100,000 to support efforts to “tell the story” of to translate into growing awareness among ending violence against women. The Committee teenagers of their rights to make their own that decides on the allocation of grants includes decisions and confront discrimination.
25 2000
UN Millennium Summit in New York is attended by over 150 in Arusha, Tanzania, on how to strengthen women’s participation world leaders who sign the Millennium Declaration and commit in the peace process. to adopting the Millennium Development Goals, including the UN Security Council convenes goal to promote gender equality and empower women. unprecedented Open Debate on UNIFEM is invited to brief peace negotiation Women, Peace and Security and facilitators and 19 political parties in Burundi Peace Process passes Resolution 1325, the first landmark resolution to provide a
Launched in 1998 with support from the John D. Building on its collaboration with the Educational and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Trust Development Centre (EDC) in 1999 and 2000 in Fund’s learning component allows UNIFEM to coordinating the electronic End-Violence Working complement grant-making activities with ongoing Group, UNIFEM continued to explore innovative analysis of lessons learned. Between 1999 and uses of electronic communications for learning 2001, UNIFEM further strengthened its learning and collaboration. In partnership with the component with support from the United Nations Media/Materials Clearinghouse at Johns Hopkins Foundation and UK Department for International University, UNIFEM developed an electronic Development (DFID) to build the capacity of Trust catalogue/database of media and communications Fund grantees to document resources on ending violence their work and to “tell the against women, published as story” of ending violence a resource book, Picturing a against women. Life Free of Violence. The catalogue provides organiza- tions with direct access to a wide range of posters, postcards, public service announcements and other Building Skills and media materials that they can Partnerships to End download and adapt to their Violence against cultural and country-specific Women context. Responding to popular Paul Smith demand, UNIFEM and EDC In 2001, UNIFEM coordinated a also re-launched the End- series of regional strategic communications workshops, Violence Working Group on 25 November (the bringing together Trust Fund grantees and UNIFEM International Day to End Violence against staff. The workshops focused on skills-building and Women) as a precursor to developing an collaborative strategies for pre-testing messages, devising electronic gateway on violence against women. strategic communications plans and documenting the results of advocacy and awareness-raising efforts. Expanding programmes and projects Training techniques were replicated and adapted by to end violence against women participants from South Africa and Tanzania. The work- Lessons learned from the Trust Fund and other shops also stimulated greater regional collaboration. For pilot efforts inform expanded projects in every example, participants at the workshop for CEE/CIS region to address gender-based violence. In 2001, participants devised an agreement and draft communica- UNIFEM launched a regional advocacy campaign tions strategy to collaborate on a region-wide campaign to end violence against women in eight countries for the 16 Days of Activism to End Violence Against of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Women in 2002. The focus of the campaign will be on and Lithuania, building on lessons learned from men’s involvement in ending violence against women. UNIFEM’s 1998-99 campaigns in Latin America and the Caribbean, Africa and Asia-Pacific. 26 2001 political frame-work within which women’s The Millennium Peace Prize for Appointment of two independent protection and their role in peace-building can be Women is launched on International experts, Elisabeth Rehn (Finland) and addressed. Also the first address of UNIFEM Executive Women’s Day by UNIFEM and Ellen Johnson Sirleaf (Liberia), to spear- Director, Noeleen Heyzer to the Security Council, in International Alert, to specifically head UNIFEM’s efforts to assess the which she pledges UNIFEM’s full support in preparing honour the indispensable contribu- impact of armed conflict on women the comprehensive study on the impact of armed tions women have made to resolving and women’s role in peace-building. conflict on women and women’s role in peace-building, and preventing conflicts. as called for in Resolution 1325.
A key focus of UNIFEM initiatives is to build an Scaling-Up End-Violence enabling environment for ending violence against Initiatives in South Asia women through promoting new and strengthened legislation. A poignant example of this process UNIFEM’s expanded work in South Asia to address emerged from a communication received from a violence against women has focused on two areas: Ukrainian NGO supported by UNIFEM: “Today, addressing trafficking in women and girls through a $4 the Parliament of the Ukraine voted for the law on million programme supported by the US and Soroptomist Prevention of Domestic Violence. This is the first International; and expanding access to information and piece of legislation on the issue that has been alliances with men to end violence against women voted on among Eastern Europe and NIS through pilot initiatives in India supported by Zonta countries… (and) it is the first precedent of a draft International. law being successfully lobbied for from beginning A key focus of the trafficking work has been to advocate to end by NGOs in the Ukraine…” for government recognition of trafficking in women as an issue of high national and regional priority. UNIFEM has Assisting in the effective been building civil society capacity and encouraging implementation of CEDAW greater cooperation UNIFEM’s work on CEDAW has focused on between countries in the increasing the effectiveness of reporting, region. Initial advocacy monitoring and implementation, and efforts have yielded strengthening the capacity of and partner- encouraging results. In ships between governments and NGOs to India, trafficking has for use the Convention to create stronger legal the first time been included and policy frameworks for gender equality. in the agenda of the The programme has included regionally- Central Bureau of specific areas of focus such as CEDAW and Investigation’s (CBI) the Islamic Shari’a law in Western Asia, annual high profile review popularizing CEDAW in the Caribbean, and meeting with Director- technical expertise to link CEDAW to other Generals of Police of all critical issues on the global agenda, such as States and Union HIV/AIDS. Territories. The Government of Bangladesh has agreed to set up a cross-ministerial anti-trafficking cell to coordinate UNIFEM facilitates government and NGO partici- action in prevention, prosecution and protection. The pation in preparing CEDAW reports, as well as Government of Nepal will host a high-level inter-ministerial enabling interaction between NGOs and CEDAW meeting in early 2002 to address the issue and has Committee members. UNIFEM plays an impor- invited the Government of India for consultations on tant brokering role by bringing together the bilateral cooperation to combat cross-border trafficking. expertise and knowledge available in a country — Regionally, consensus has been achieved on a research including members of the CEDAW Committee methodology regarding laws relating to trafficking in itself, government representatives and NGOs. the South Asian countries, and rehabilitation efforts for This has increased the capacity of all parties to survivors of trafficking have been strengthened. 27 2001
UNDP and UNIFEM sign agreement HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) to halt spread of unconditionally enabling UNIFEM to execute HIV/AIDS among women and girls. acknowledged that programmes for UNDP in areas where gender equality and the Twenty-sixth special session of the UN it has a comparative advantage. empowerment of women General Assembly convened in accor- are fundamental elements in the reduction UNIFEM signs cooperation agreement dance with resolution 55/13, to review of the vulnerability of women and girls to with the Joint UN Programme on and address the problem of HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS. In the final Declaration, world leaders
understand their respective roles, obligations and The year was marked by the considerable possibilities around reporting on and implementa- strengthening of the partnership between tion of the Convention. UNAIDS and UNIFEM, solidified by the signing of a Cooperation Framework between the two Enhancing the understanding of the organizations in May 2001, which has led to intersection between human rights, stronger collaboration at headquarters and, gender and HIV/AIDS most importantly, in the field. UNIFEM will now co-chair, with UNFPA, the Inter-Agency Task Team In June 2001, the United Nations convened its on Gender and HIV/AIDS. first General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS) on HIV/AIDS. It was especially significant for its Expanded Pilot Projects at the Country Level unprecedented attention to the gender dimen- sions of the crisis. In the final Declaration, world The “Gender-Focused Responses to Address the leaders unconditionally acknowledged that “ Challenges of HIV/AIDS” programme, launched in gender equality and the empowerment of women 1998, saw an upscaling in Asia and Africa in 2001. are fundamental elements in the reduction of the The initial six pilots (Bahamas, India, Mexico, vulnerability of women and girls to HIV/AIDS.” Senegal, Viet Nam and Zimbabwe) have been This perspective gives great impetus to UNIFEM’s increased by five (China, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria work on addressing gender, human rights and Swaziland), with Cambodia in the process and HIV/AIDS. of being added. The Resident Coordinator in
HIV/AIDS: managed to…convince my Minister to invite me to a meeting Taking Account of for the official delegation 2–3 weeks after the UNGASS and the Cost of Care also to get TV interviews for our national youth representative at the National AIDS Council which is not known by most youth.” In its participation in the UNIFEM’s Executive Director, Noeleen Heyzer, urged the UNGASS on HIV/AIDS, General Assembly to take account of the cost of care: “The UNIFEM stressed the participa- care economy grows, but remains invisible and unrecorded, tion of young women in stemming the epidemic, as well as supported by billions of additional hours of wageless labour highlighting the ‘cost of care’ borne by women through their that appear nowhere in indices of GDP and figure nowhere in unpaid and unrecognized work. calculations of the need for international aid or debt relief.” UNIFEM sponsored five NGO activists and three journalists, Building on this focus, in the aftermath of the UNGASS, and co-sponsored with UNICEF 10 youth activists who UNIFEM and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are produced a parallel Youth Declaration on HIV/AIDS. A number collaborating to make visible women’s contributions to the of the youth joined their country’s delegation, and were able ‘care economy’ and the impact of the HIV/AIDS pandemic on to act as informal advisors and to follow up upon returning women’s lives and options in the formal and informal sectors. home. As one 18-year-old woman from Zambia reported: “I Projects will be piloted in five countries globally.
28 2002
UNIFEM and the Government of Belgium convene an internation- UNIFEM Executive Director, Noeleen Heyzer is part of the UN al roundtable on “Building Women’s Leadership in the Secretary General’s team at the International Conference Reconstruction of Afghanistan,” bringing together over 40 Afghan on Reconstruction Assistance to Afghanistan, held in women in Brussels. The women formulated the ‘Brussels Action Tokyo, Japan. Plan’ feeding into the Preliminary Needs Assessment report by UNDP, the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank, as well as the UN Immediate and Transitional Assistance Programme for the Afghan People.
Swaziland has integrated the programme’s Nrityanjali Academy approach into the two country programme priorities she has identified, namely gender and HIV/AIDS.
In China, the programme has drawn together the women’s movement and the HIV/AIDS constituency UNIFEM/UNAIDS Cooperation to work actively on policy advocacy. The All Framework in Action China Women’s Federation, the Family Planning Association of China and the National Academy The opportunities provided by the UNIFEM/UNAIDS of Preventive Medicine are being strengthened to Cooperation Framework have stimulated enhanced review the impact of proscriptive HIV/AIDS legisla- inter-agency cooperation: tion in Guangdong province, with a view to making In the East, Central and Horn of Africa (ECHA) Region, strong recommendations to the Provincial UNIFEM/UNAIDS and the Intergovernmental Authority on Assembly on HIV/AIDS prevention strategies. Development (IGAD) jointly hosted a regional conference on In 2001, UNIFEM’s training methodology on gender, Gender and HIV & AIDS for 10 countries in the region. The HIV/AIDS and human rights, field tested in pilot outcome document, “Kampala Declaration on Gender and countries, was adopted by academic institutions HIV & AIDS,” provides a framework for addressing women’s globally: the Mahidol University in Thailand for empowerment and gender equality in the context of training UNFPA staff; the Maritime University in HIV/AIDS, as well as a strategy paper to guide the region Halifax, Canada for a summer course; the for the next two years. University in Hidalgo, Mexico for its social work In Nigeria, UNIFEM is to execute a project on behaviour programme; and the College of Bahamas for change funded through UNAIDS Programme Acceleration training school teachers. Funds (PAF). UNIFEM is also developing a Memorandum of Building on lessons learned from these pilots, Understanding with Enugu State to develop an HIV State UNIFEM is also exploring the establishment Action Plan that includes a gender perspective, in collaboration of Gender Equality Zones (GEZ). The GEZs will with UNDP and the National Action Committee on AIDS (NACA). provide the opportunity to demonstrate that once In India, UNAIDS and UNIFEM are strengthening the gender-responsive legal mechanisms and gen- capacity of women’s organizations and their networks to der-sensitive policies are in place, it is possible to integrate HIV issues into their ongoing work. stem the tide of the epidemic and to transform gender relations. The first GEZ has been identified In Thailand, UNIFEM is executing agency for two in India, where the initial pilot will focus on gender-related projects funded by UNAIDS. mainstreaming gender and human rights issues into the largest public sector, namely the Indian In Barbados, UNIFEM’s work with the sub-regional UN Railway. The GEZ concept, with initial funding Theme Group on HIV/AIDS has resulted in an inter-agency from UNAIDS and UNFPA and with endorsement project on Youth and HIV/AIDS. by the Indian National AIDS Programme, will In Sierra Leone, UNIFEM is supporting a gender specialist incorporate CEDAW and gender-sensitive peer to work with UNAIDS and the UN Department of Peacekeeping counselling approaches. Operations (DPKO) on peace, security and HIV/AIDS.
29 UNIFEM AT WORK Around the World
Projects and programmes: In 2001, UNIFEM UNIFEM Regional programme directors (RPDs): approved 67 new projects and supported 204 UNIFEM’s network of 14 RPDs carry out the ongoing initiatives worldwide. organization’s work in the sub-regions for which they are responsible. RPDs work closely Trust Fund in Support of Actions to Eliminate with NGOs, governments and the Resident Violence against Women: Through its Trust Coordinator system in their regions. In many Fund, UNIFEM provided grants in 2001 to 21 countries, they convene UN inter-agency innovative national and regional programmes. thematic groups to develop coordinated strate- Since the Fund began in 1996, UNIFEM gies among UN agencies and other donors for has awarded $5.3 million in grants to 127 supporting gender equality initiatives. initiatives in over 70 countries.
30 UNIFEM Gender Advisers: In support of the UNIFEM Regional Gender and HIV/AIDs Resident Coordinator system efforts to Advisers: These regional advisers cover Asia mainstream gender into country programmes, and Africa. UNIFEM has currently four Gender Advisers in the field. They support bringing the Regional Economic Advisor: The regional gender dimension into Common Country economic adviser covers the Asia-Pacific Assessments and UN Development Assistant and Arab States regions. Frameworks.
31 Strategic PARTNERSHIPS for stronger UN action on gender
As a catalyst and innovator in the UN system, UNIFEM is building an increasingly strong pres- UNIFEM advocates for and offers expertise to ence in the field through innovative and cost- UN agencies to strengthen their gender equality effective mechanisms. In 2001, it augmented the programming. In 2001, UNIFEM focused on: work of its 14 sub-regional offices through a small network of UNIFEM Gender Advisors to the Strengthened support to the UN Resident Resident Coordinator system, its joint backstopping Coordinator system to promote women’s empow- of UNIFEM/UNV/UNDP Gender Specialists, and its erment and rights; collaboration with UNFPA to field Gender, Population and Development Advisors in 6 coun- New agreements and strengthened collabora- tries (see map on page 30 for an overview of tions to fulfill commitments to gender equality UNIFEM’s field presence) and increasingly closer with UN funds, programmes and coordination with UNDP’s system of agencies. Gender Focal Points and Advisors.
UN inter-agency thematic groups at the country-level and at headquarters are UNIFEM and UNDP Learning key to increased coordination and action Together to Improve Women’s on gender issues. UNIFEM chairs or Sphere of Influence co-chairs inter-agency groups that bring UN organizations together to share n 2001, UNDP undertook a Desk Review of information and better coordinate their activities UNIFEM’s work on engendering India’s Ninth Five- in 15 countries. Increasingly, UNIFEM is also bringing gender expertise to inter-agency Year Plan (a project that took place in 1996/97) to I groups on HIV/AIDS, governance, child labour, increase sharing of lessons and expertise on governance population and development, food security, land and leadership. The review pointed to substantive and and environment. administrative achievements and challenges and identified The UN Secretary General’s reform agenda areas of synergy. As the review stated, “The project is a promoted the development of Common Country successful example of how to build women’s capacities Assessments (CCA) and UN Development to analyze and challenge macro policy options… which Assistance Frameworks (UNDAF) at the country provides lessons to areas that are central to UNDP’s… level to improve coordination amongst UN focus in the area of (democratic) governance and programmes in line with national development upstream policy support.” The reviewer recommended priorities. UNIFEM provided input into CCA/UNDAF that UNDP use lessons from this project to more preparations and implementation in 29 countries proactively include grassroots voices in policy planning in 2001, trying to create a common agenda for gender equality amongst UN and government processes, and also suggested that UNDP upscale and agencies at the national level. UNIFEM is also replicate this innovative initiative. undertaking an analysis of how gender has been mainstreamed into the CCA/UNDAF processes,
32 Media and Messages to Promote Women’s Rights and Equality
NIFEM produces and supports diverse and expanding strategies for developing and disseminating media and materials to inform, inspire, and build Uconnections between women’s rights advocates regionally and globally. In 2001, UNIFEM supported gender training and networking on gender issues for journalists in Burundi, Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria, occupied Palestinian territories, Peru, Rwanda and Senegal. Increasingly, UNIFEM is asked to support creation of content and capacity to expand women’s use of the Internet. UNIFEM was a founding organization of WomenWatch – the UN’s electronic gateway to information on gender and women – as well as an early supporter of Women’s HumanRights Net and Women Action 2000. In 2001, UNIFEM launched Arab Women Connect (AWC, www.arabwomenconnect.com) a website and training project that facilitates access to Arab-language gender training and information materials. The AWC programme also developed internet training for women in 5 Arab States, which is now being adapted by the Egyptian National Council of Women.
which it will use to improve training for UN country number of key initiatives; and with UNAIDs, teams on undertaking these exercises. UNFPA and ILO on the gender dimensions of Additionally, UNIFEM offers gender expertise and HIV/AIDS. brings gender advocates into other coordinated UNIFEM’s mandate as “an autonomous organiza- planning efforts, including the development of tion that works in close association with UNDP” Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) and makes it important for both organizations to strategies to track progress on the Millennium increase synergy. The ability of UNIFEM to Development Goals (MDGs). execute projects for UNDP (granted by the UNDP Development of new agreements and Executive Board in 2000) has led to 11 concrete strengthening existing collaborations to collaborations, including in the Philippines, increase action on gender equality in Bhutan, Burundi and the occupied Palestinian UN funds and programmes. territories. Fifty-one UNDP field offices reported on collaboration and consultation with UNIFEM in A key aspect of UNIFEM’s inter-agency strategy is 2001, up from 30 in 2000. In June 2001, the to build institutional relationships to influence the Administrator of UNDP appointed UNIFEM’s process of gender mainstreaming. In 2001 this Executive Director, Noeleen Heyzer, as UNDP’s has included expanded partnerships with: UNDP Champion for Gender, providing her with an on supporting the Ministry of Women’s Affairs in opportunity to inspire all UNDP staff to strengthen Afghanistan; promoting gender analysis of action on fulfilling the organization’s commitments national budgets; strengthening operational to gender equality. arrangements; synergy and joint learning in a
33 Selected Project HIGHLIGHTS*
and responds to African women’s demands for AFRICA gender-parity in political dialogue. Innovative ASIA AND THE PACIFIC ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT activities undertaken include the demobilization ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT of armed groups and peace monitoring. The Burkina Faso Fiji, India, Jordan, Lao People’s project sets up Peace Advisory Committees Women in Shea Butter Production builds the Democratic Republic in each country; encourages participation of capacity of women entrepreneurs to expand Women’s Economic Empowerment in the women in conflict resolution; and provides markets for their products at the local, regional Marketplace promotes the role of women in training on gender-sensitive forms of conflict and international levels by improving the their countries’ economies, facilitates women’s resolution. quality and quantity of production, expanding access to markets within specific sub-sectors, International Alert, Search for Common women’s cooperatives, and strengthening and develops new and higher-value products Ground, Collaborative Center for Gender and women’s negotiation skills. and services. Development, The African Centre for the Centre Canadien d’Etudes et de Cooperation Society for Elimination of Rural Poverty (SERP), Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD), Internationale (CECI), UNIFEM; $745,550. Kovel Foundation, UNIFEM; $712,277. UNIFEM; $800,000. Francophpone West Africa Jordan Promoting African Women’s Economic HUMAN RIGHTS Achieving “E-Quality” in the IT Sector Security and Rights mainstreams gender in improves women’s opportunities to access Regional the formation and implementation of PRSPs, high quality jobs in the Information Technology HIV/AIDS, Gender and Human Rights ensures launches a gender budget initiative in Senegal (IT) sector by empowering women through that gender and human rights are integrated and builds a critical mass of African economists skill development and by promoting a gender into key policies, programmes and activities knowledgeable in gender equality and human sensitive policy environment. that address HIV/AIDS at the local, national rights issues to mobilize and advocate for gender Cisco Foundation, Ministry of Education, and regional level in Africa. The project trains responsive policies. The project launched the YWCA, United Nations Relief and Works women leaders on the gender and human Network of African Women Economists to Agency, National Information Centre, UNIFEM; rights dimensions of HIV/AIDS, and includes serve as a bridge between economists and $253,720 ($2,217,720 with in-kind contributions) media campaigns and policy advocacy. researchers, policy and lawmakers, the media Society of Women against AIDS-International Mongolia and local and community based women’s Care and Counseling Center of Mali, Espoir- Promoting the Advancement of Women creates organizations. Côte d’Ivoire, Association of Midwives of the conditions for the economic and political UNIFEM; $623,538. Burkina/Family Health Center, National AIDS empowerment of women by building capacity Councils, Malawi Network for People Living to formulate and implement policy and influence GOVERNANCE & LEADERSHIP with HIV and AIDS, National Association for decision-making. The project supports the Nigeria Small and Medium Enterprises, Malaw National Council for Gender Equality in coordi- Women’s Participation in Equitable Selibeng, Women’s Finance Trust in Zambia, nating the strengthening and monitoring of the Governance enhances women’s political Sister Namibia, Southern Africa Human Rights National Programme for the Advancement of participation and decision-making at all levels Trust. Sizimisele Women’s Organization, Women through data collection and analysis by involving women in the revision and Women in Construction Zimbabwe, Southern and development of policy recommendations. amendment of the Nigerian Constitution and Africa Research and Documentation Centre, National Council for Gender Equality, National other laws, building capacity for the protection Women’s National Machineries, National Statistics Office, UNIFEM; $298,389. of women’s human rights and supporting the AIDS Councils, UNAIDS, UNDP, FAO, UNFIEC, Regional introduction of positive action to support ILO, UNIFEM. Strengthening the Network of Home-based gender mainstreaming in the public sector. Francophone West Africa; $500,000. Workers advocates for the legal rights and UNIFEM; $175,000. East and Central Horn of Africa; $450,000. working conditions of home-based workers in Mozambique Southern Africa; $550,000. Asia by strengthening their organizations and Gender Capacity Building in Zambezia Anglophone West Africa; $400,000. networks of support at the national and regional Province contributes to the integration of Nigeria and Ghana levels in South Asia and South East Asia. population, environment and gender concerns Creating Institutional Support for Gender and Self-Employed Women’s Association, National in sectoral development plans and programmes HIV/AIDS promotes changes in social practices HomeNet Associations, UNIFEM; $258,888. through training, networking and partnerships. and values that respond to the HIV/AIDS Provincial Directorate of the Ministry of epidemic. A workshop for media on gender, GOVERNANCE & LEADERSHIP Women and Coordination for Social Action, human rights and HIV/AIDS helped develop the East Timor Forum Muhler, FONGZA, UNFPA, UNIFEM; capacity of the mainstream media to understand Women’s Leadership for Peace-Building and $83,660. the complex dimensions and challenges of Gender Justice identifies key areas of support Rwanda, Somalia and Sudan HIV/AIDS. for East Timorese women and develops a African Women for Conflict Resolution and Action Aid Nigeria, Women’s Leadership Group programme that ensures reflection of women’s Peace (Phase II) strengthens the capacity of (WLG), Gender Rights Advancement and needs in the reconstruction of East Timor. The civil society organizations in the peace process Development, UNIFEM; $225,000. project supported the training of 145 women in
* This list is a selection of UNIFEM projects and does not represent the entire portfolio of activities. Each listing includes project description, implementing and executing agencies, and total project allocation (in US dollars). The allocations are funded by UNIFEM core funds, cost-sharing and sub-trust funds, as well as contributions received from NGOs, governments, national committees and other UN agencies. Please note many projects started prior to the current fiscal year and others will continue through 2002.
34 preparation for the Constituent Assembly of awareness and lack of adequate resource GOVERNANCE AND LEADERSHIP election in August 2001 and the participation allocations at national and local levels necessary Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay of women in the consultation process for the to deal with this issue. The Local Arena: Empowering Women through development of the Constitution of East Timor. Friends for Women Foundation, Mai Khit Fai, the Implementation of Gender Policies East Timor’s Women’s Network, OXFAM UNIFEM; $421,900. strengthens the capacity of the women’s Australia, International Catholic Migration Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, movement to influence political decisions Commission, UNIFEM; $236,385. Syria and Yemen and facilitate women’s participation in local Egypt Promoting Women’s Human Rights through governments, with a view to promote good Capacity Building of National Council for CEDAW expands the number and capacity of governance at the local level. Women (NCW) strengthens the national women’s human rights trainers in the Arab Centro de Intercambio y Servicios para el Cono machinery to formulate gender-sensitive legis- region. The project builds on ongoing efforts Sur, Instituto Brasileiro de Administracao lation and mainstream gender into national by UNIFEM to stimulate a regional dialogue Municipal, UNIFEM; $347,045. plans and policies. Assistance from other UN on women’s human rights and the Islamic agencies is coordinated through the framework Shari’a law. Cuba of this project. National NGOs, UNIFEM; $167,000. Gender Mainstreaming into the Human National Council for Women, UNDP, UNFPA, Indonesia, Jordan, Nepal, Philippines and Development Programme at the Local Level UNICEF, UNIFEM; $144,000. Sri Lanka. incorporates a strong gender perspective into Lao People’s Democratic Republic Empowering Women Migrant Workers promotes a larger UNDP/UNOPS initiative. The project Increasing Capacity in Gender Mainstreaming the rights of domestic migrant workers through will makes sex-disaggregated data available, supports the Lao Women’s Union (LWU) to a rights-based approach that empowers ensures women’s participation in planning, and develop a framework for the establishment of women and strengthens the accountability promotes economic empowerment programmes a National Machinery for Women in Laos. In mechanisms to support them. for women. this process, LWU is mapping out issues for Ministries of Labor, Ministries of Interior, ILO, FMC/ONE, Poderes Populares de Gramma, women’s political and economic empowerment IOM, UNIFEM; $735,760. Pinar del Rio, y Habana Vieja, UNDP, UNOPS, and developing a gender mainstreaming UNIFEM; $780,215. strategy for the National Machinery for Women to implement. Latin America and the Caribbean HUMAN RIGHTS Lao’s Women’s Union (LWU), Lao Government, Regional Party Leading Committee for Human Resources ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT Development and Governance, UNIFEM; $117,000. “DESafíos”: A Rights-Based Approach for Suriname Women’s Economic and Social Justice in the Women and Sustainable Human Development HUMAN RIGHTS Latin American and Caribbean region promotes promotes women’s leadership and economic women’s economic and social rights by Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and empowerment by influencing the formulation of monitoring national and international government Sri Lanka policies, plans, and programmes that support commitments, women’s participation and Prevention of Trafficking of Women and women’s productive capabilities. influence in political and economic decisions Children in South Asia aims to reduce the NGOs, University of Suriname, Suriname at local, national, regional and global levels; incidence of trafficking through a well-defined, Ministry of Planning & Development and support of grassroots women’s organizations multi-pronged preventative strategy. The project Cooperation, UNICEF, UNDP, UNIFEM; $500,000. and trade unions for the enforcement and engages mutliple levels of the government, Windward Islands (Dominica, Grenada, St. enjoyment of their economic and social rights. from law enforcement officers, border police, Lucia and St. Vincent & the Grenadines) UNIFEM; $1,661,700. human rights commissions, to parliamentarians Women, Gender & Poverty in the Windward A Life Free of Violence: It’s our Right advocates to press for stronger enforcement of existing Islands: Charting New Directions links trade for women’s human rights and the elimination laws, and expands access to information about agreements to women’s economic opportunities of violence against women by creating a effective government and NGO efforts. and options. The project is responding to loss knowledge-base on achievements, challenges, Governments of the region, Ministries of Home of income for women, especially those in the constraints and strategies that support improved and Information, UNIFEM; $1,379,800. banana industry, by generating innovative advocacy and action toward ending violence Cambodia, People’s Republic of China, poverty-eradication approaches. against women and by promoting accountability Indonesia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, OECS, Social Development Unit, UNDP, of national governments on the allocation of Mongolia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam Ministries of Agriculture, Planning and resources for the effective implementation of Promoting Women’s Human Rights through the Community Development, UNIFEM; $106,000. legislation, international instruments and other Elimination of Violence against Women creates protective and preventive measures aimed at the conditions under which gender-based ending violence against women. violence can be eliminated and women are UNIFEM; $935,925. able to enjoy their human rights and fundamental freedoms. Through awareness-raising campaigns and mobilizing support of legal reforms, the project addresses the persistence of a culture of violence against women as well as the lack
35 Selected Project HIGHLIGHTS(continued)
Brazil GOVERNANCE & LEADERSHIP capacity to prevent trafficking, and the creation Prevention and Attention to Intra-family of a governmental Working Group on Trafficking Kosovo Violence Against Women designs and and Forced Labor. Capacity Building for a Peaceful and implements a Network of Attention and Youth Health Center Council of Latvia, The Economically Secure Future ensures that Referral to support women in situations of International Organization of Adolescents gender issues are taken into consideration in domestic violence. This pilot project analyses (IOFA), Ministry of Welfare, Department of planning, programming and implementation the situation in a selected community – Labor, Ministry of Education and Science, of activities in support of women active in the Complexo da Mare – and consolidates Ministry of Health, UNIPOL, police/law politics, the economy and in the legal sphere an inter-institutional network of services to enforcement, Department of Immigration, IOM, in Kosovo. The project strengthens capacity support vulnerable women and girls. WHO, UNDP, UNICEF, UNESCO, UNIFEM; of women in Kosovo to assist in the development National Secretariat of Human Rights, $93,800. and implementation of solutions to their own Ministry of Justice, Inter-American problems and issues. Southeastern Europe Development Bank, UNIFEM; $609,710. UNMIK, local women’s organizations, OSCE, Promoting and Protecting Women’s Human Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela STAR network, International Rescue Rights supports the South-Eastern European Economic and Social Rights of Andean Committee, UNIFEM; $660,296. Women’s Legal Network, engenders legislation Women upholds the economic and social in the region and will conduct lobbying and Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia rights of women in the Andean region by advocacy for gender equality legislation Women for Conflict Prevention and Peace promoting accountability and advocating for the and/or national machinery in the participating Building in Southern Caucasus consists of a incorporation of gender perspectives in economic countries. UNIFEM-led interagency initiative centered and social rights, particularly those pertinent to BABE, Open Society Institute, Canadian around building the capacity of women and international and domestic legislation. International Development Agency, UNIFEM; civil society to prevent conflict and contribute NGOs, UNDP, UNICEF, UNFPA, UNIFEM; $237,632. to peace in the sub-region. Activities include: $620,860. supporting mechanisms for dialogue between parties in conflict; building a popular culture of peace through public campaigns; and changing GLOBAL CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE current rules of law and diplomacy through AND THE COMMONWEALTH OF ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT civil society involvement. INDEPENDENT STATES (CEE/CIS) Bringing Women’s Voice to Microcredit Host country governments, local NGOs, UNDP, ensures that the perspective of low-income ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT UNIFEM; $1,450,000. women entrepreneurs and farmers is integrated Central and Eastern Europe into the Microcredit Summit Campaign. The HUMAN RIGHTS Improving Gender Equality Standards in a project benefits poor women in Africa, Asia New Europe advocates for better opportunities Central and Eastern Europe and the and Latin America who will gain from for women in decision-making processes related Commonwealth of Independent States enhanced access to microcredit and a gender to EU accession and European integration Virtual Training and Information for the sensitized microfinance policy environment. through training workshops, reports on gender Elimination of Violence against Women provides UNDP/TCDC, UNIFEM; $113,643. aspects of accession and a conference of EU information materials and technical training to Parliamentarians & CEE women’s NGOs on NGOs from the CIS/CEE region advocating for Women in the New Network for Entrepreneurial economic justice and gender equality. women’s human rights issues. The project Reinforcement (WINNER II) recognizes the KARAT Coalition and the Network of East-West established a website, which reaches a broad importance of the Internet and its potential to Women/Polska, UNIFEM; $332,875. number of organizations and individual human empower women in Albania, Bangladesh, China, Ecuador, Nepal, Philippines, Romania, and Tajikistan rights activists, ensuring direct access to Zimbabwe through business development. The Legal Frameworks for Women’s Economic key resources and facilitating an effective project demonstrates how women entrepreneurs Rights promotes legislation in support of advocacy campaign for issues of violence can benefit from electronic communication tools women’s economic equality through detailed against women. for e-commerce, distance learning and business assessments of women-owned businesses, Minnesota Advocates for Human Rights, information. It involves training and the review of commercial and NGO legislation, Canadian International Development Agency, establishment of Help Desks and Web hosting consultations between national stakeholders Open Society Institute, Human Rights Center enabling participants to promote and sell their and the creation of a high level lobby group. of the University of Minnesota, UNICEF, products online. Association of Businesswomen Khujand, UNIFEM; $162,255. DEVNET/TIPS, UNIFEM; $779,500. UNIFEM; $170,060. Latvia Preventing Adolescent Trafficking increases Strengthening Economic Governance: Applied awareness on trafficking and forced labour Gender Analysis to Government Budgets through a nationwide education and information supports bringing a gender perspective to campaign targeting adolescents and adolescent economic governance and leadership in efforts sex workers. The project involves career-building to increase women’s participation in the deci- workshops, training national professionals on sion-making processes that shape their lives. trafficking, fostering linkages with NGOs and The project promotes the use of gender budget the national government to increase their analysis in pilot countries to elicit widespread
36 support to ensure that every nation in the world LATIN AMERICA TRUST FUND IN SUPPORT OF VIOLENCE can use it as a tool to increase accountability AND THE CARIBBEAN for gender-equality. AGAINST WOMEN — 2001 GRANTS Colombia Commonwealth Secretariat, AFRICA Helping Victims of Trafficking sensitizes state International Development Research Centre. Ghana agents about trafficking of women and girls and UNIFEM; $3,525,000. Advocating for a Ban on Female Ritual develops preventive measures and tools to improve GOVERNANCE & LEADERSHIP Servitude promotes the enforcement of a law assistance to persons who have been trafficked. banning female ritual servitude, which currently Women, Peace and Security integrates a gender Guyana affects some 10,000 women and children in perspective in international peace and security Reducing Domestic Violence in Rural Ghana, through community education, the initiatives in an effort to protect the rights of Communities trains community advocates to reintegration of freed women and children into women affected by conflict. The project includes undertake public education and promote their communities and a monitoring council. national and regional initiatives in Bosnia and cooperation between community advocates Herzegovina, Cambodia, the Democratic Republic Nigeria and the police, and develops a programme for of Congo, Colombia, East Timor, Israel, Kosovo Combating Violence Against Women through the rehabilitation of male perpetrators of and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Television Programs raises awareness of the violence against women. prevalence, causes and forms of violence occupied Palestinian territories, Rwanda, Mexico against women through visual dramas based on and Somalia. Protecting the Legal Rights of Survivors of research findings and case studies, each of UNIFEM; $2,263,400. Rape raises awareness and encourages the which documents a different form of violence Gender Justice and Political Empowerment fulfillment of government obligations to provide and offers solutions. advocates for gender justice in programmes services for survivors of rape, including access of constitutional, legislative, judicial and Uganda to legal abortion. electoral reform, with a special emphasis on Training Police Officers to Protect Women post-conflict countries. and Children establishes Child and Family UNIFEM; $330,000. Protection Units in five districts that are just CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE emerging from protracted armed conflict. The AND THE COMMONWEALTH OF HUMAN RIGHTS units investigate cases of violence, coordinate INDEPENDENT STATES (CEE/CIS) Shaping a World Free From Gender Based with civic leaders to handle cases, provide Violence: Telling the Stories, Working for legal counseling and work towards sensitizing Romania Change stimulates governments and civil society communities. Generating Support for Victims of Domestic organizations worldwide to develop and Violence creates institutional networks implement effective initiatives for addressing and ASIA AND THE PACIFIC and community support groups to respond eliminating violence against women. The project Syria to domestic violence in six cities in the provides grants to organizations using media Raising Awareness through Education trains northeastern region of Romania. and communications in innovative ways to raise female community leaders on strategies Russia awareness about violence against women designed to raise awareness about violence Creating a Coordinated Response to Domestic and creates a database of innovative materials against women and women’s human rights in Violence provides training and support for the and strategies addressing issues of violence four provinces. It also conducts educational establishment of counseling centers offering against women. sessions about women’s rights among male legal and psychological counseling and shelter The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur and female youth attending summer camps for women survivors of domestic violence. and establishes support groups for girls living Foundation, UNIFEM; $1,197,000. Turkey in shelters. Gender, Human Rights and HIV/AIDS: A Hotline Service for Women’s Rights provides Programme of Action Responding to the Thailand counseling, conducts research, raises Critical Gender Implications of the HIV/AIDS Advocating for Key Legal Reforms carries out awareness of women’s rights and improves Epidemic promotes increasing knowledge advocacy and lobbying activities to promote services for women subject to violence of the gender dimensions of the HIV/AIDS the passage of appropriate amendments to the among low-income communities in three epidemic by sponsoring substantive experts, penal code in three critical areas – marital rape, Turkish provinces. representatives of the women’s movement and certain forms of sexual violence that are not people living with HIV/AIDS to present on the considered sexual intercourse and child subject at various intergovernmental fora. The pornography. project is also developing a youth programme West Bank to ensure that the needs of young women are Combating Violence Against Women through integrated into key policies and activities that Success Stories trains Palestinian women address adolescent sexual and reproductive in the use of participatory video for the health and HIV/AIDS at all levels. development and implementation of action plans UNIFEM; $886,043. to promote nonviolence and design strategies for coping with crisis.
37 Statement of INCOME & EXPENDITURE All figures expressed in thousands of US dollars
For the year ended 31 December 2001 2000 INCOME Voluntary contributions from governments 20,693 19,066 Cost-sharing contributions 4,513 3,373 Sub-trust fund contributions 2,685 4,237 Donations and other income 41 127 Interest income 747 1,820 Income from reimbursable services 937 789
Total Income 29,616 29,412
EXPENDITURE Project Costs: General resources 15,043 12,987 Cost sharing 3,252 2,993 Sub-trust funds 3,007 3,424
Sub-total 21,302 19,404
Reimbursement of programme support costs to executing agencies: General resources 5 Cost-sharing 252 241 Sub-trust funds 278 322
Sub-total 530 568
Biennial support budget Management and administrative costs 2,859 2,628 Technical support costs 2,644 2,377 Reimbursable support services costs 337 366
Sub-total 5,840 5,371
Other expenditure 59 47
Total expenditure 27,731 25,390
Excess of income over expenditure 1,885* 4,022
* The amount of $1.9 million is already alllocated to projects for 2002.
38 CONTRIBUTIONS From Governments Other Donors & All figures expressed in thousands of US dollars
CORE CONTRIBUTIONS EARMARKED CONTRIBUTIONS 2001 Pledges from Governments Cost -Sharing Sub-Trust Funds Total GOVERNMENTS Paid in 2001 United Kingdom 3,562 898 4,460 Netherlands 3,247 102 400 3,749 Italy 2,655 443 3,098 USA 1,898 * 1,054 2,952 Norway 2,022 2,022 Japan 1,416 400 1,816 Sweden 1,311 1,311 Canada 796 16 812 Finland 459 303 762 Germany 738 738 Denmark 599 599 Switzerland 449 127 576 Belgium 461 461 Ireland 446 446 Luxembourg 424 424 European Economic Community 376 376 Brazil 314 314 Australia 202 202 New Zealand 175 175 Spain 128 16 2 146 Qatar 140 140 Iceland 117 117 Suriname 47 47 Singapore 40 40 China 30 30 Liechtenstein 6 10 16 South Africa 13 13 Czech Republic 13 13 Andorra 11 11 India 11 11 Mexico 10 10 Thailand 8 8 Malaysia 5 5 Greece 4 4 Tunisia 3 3 Yemen 3 3 Maldives 2 2 Cyprus 2 2 Nepal 2 2 Barbados 1 1 Bangladesh 1 1 Uganda 1 1 Total from Governments 20,693 2,841 2,385 25,919
OTHER DONORS UN Agencies 597 597 UNIFEM National Committees 294 294 Zonta 260 260 UNFIP/UN Foundation 200 200 Ford Foundation 200 200 Conrad Hilton Foundation 100 100 Noel Foundation 100 100 Cisco Corporation 100 100 AGFUND 55 55 MacArthur Foundation 28 28 Soroptimist International 27 27 NGOS 11 11 Total from other Donors 1,672 300 1,972 GRAND TOTAL 20,693 4,513 2,685 27,891
* This amount includes $ 998,000 that represents 2000 pledges. 39 French-Speaking West Africa Southern Cone Micheline Ravololonarisoa Branca Moreira Alves Network of P.O. Box 154 Setor Comercial Norte Quadra 2, Immeuble Faycal Bloco A 19 Rue Parchappe, Dakar, Senegal Módulo 602 SUPPORT Tel: 221-823-5207/5002 Ed. Corporate Financial Center Fax: 221-823-5002 70712-901 Brasilia D.F. Brazil E-mail: Tel: 55-61-329-2161/2163 REGIONAL PROGRAMME DIRECTORS [email protected] Fax: 55-61-329-2169 E-mail: [email protected] South Asia Southern Africa Chandni Joshi Nomcebo Manzini Central and Eastern Europe 223 Jor Bagh 7th Floor Takura House, Osnat Lubrani New Delhi 110 003, India 67/69 Kwame Nkrumah Avenue Grosslingova 35 Tel: 91-11-469-8297 or 460-4351 P.O. Box 4775 Harare, Zimbabwe 81109 Bratislava, Slovak Republic Fax: 91-11-462-2136/7612 Tel: 263-4-792-681/686 Tel: 421-2-593-37-160 E-mail: [email protected] Fax: 263-4-704-729 Fax: 421-2-59337-171 Website: www.unifem.org.in E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Arab States English-Speaking West Africa Commonwealth of Haifa Abu Ghazaleh Florence Butegwa Independent States 14 Abdullah Ben Omar Street 11 Oyinkan Abayomi Drive, Ikoyi Damira Sartbaeva near Tyche Hotel P.O. Box 2075 67 Tole Bi Str. Shemeisani Lagos, Nigeria Almaty, Kazakhstan 480091 P.O. Box 830 896 Tel: 234-1-2692006 Tel: 732-72-582641/42/43 ext.604 Amman 11183, Jordan Fax: 234-1-2690885 Fax: 732-72-582645 Tel: 962-6-5678-586/7 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Fax: 962-6-5678-594 Mexico, Central America, Cuba and E-mail: [email protected] Gender Advisers Website: www.unifem.org.jo the Dominican Republic Teresa Rodriguez Lanyan Chen East and South-East Asia Presidente Mazaryk c/o UN Building Linda Miranda No. 29, Piso 10 2 Liangmahe Nanlu 5th Floor Block B Colonia Polanco, 11570 Mexico, D.F. Beijing 100600, China c/o UNDP, United Nations Building Tel: 52-5-263-9808 Tel: 86-10-6532-3731 ext. 248 Rajdamnern Avenue Fax: 52-5-203-1894 Fax: 86-10-6532-2567, 86-10-6532-6233 Bangkok 10200 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Thailand Website: www.un.org.mx/unifem Tel: 66-2288-1934 or 66-2288-2584 Zineb Touimi-Benjelloun Fax: 66-2280-6030 Andean Region Angle Avenue Moulay Hassan et E-mail: [email protected] Lucia Salamea Palacios rue Moulay Ahmed Loukili Website: www.unifem-eseasia.org Officer-in-Charge Casier ONU P.O. Box 17-03-4731 Rabat-Chellah, Morocco Pacific Edif. Naciones Unidas 2do. Piso Tel: 212-37-703555 Amelia Siamomua Avenida Amazonas 2889 y La Granja Fax: 212-37-701566 19-13 Cummings Street, 2nd floor Quito, Ecuador E-mail: House of Lords Tel: 593-2-2460-329/334 [email protected] Suva, Fiji Fax: 593-2-2460-328 Baudouine Kamatari Tel: (679) 330 1178 E-mail: [email protected] c/o UNDP Fax: (679) 330 1654 Website: www.unifemandina.org.ec P. O. Box 445 E-mail: [email protected] Kigali, Rwanda Website: www.unifempacific.com Caribbean Joycelin Massiah Tel: 250-76906/75381 ext. 516, 527 East, Central, and Horn of Africa United Nations House Fax: 250-76263 Nyaradzai Gumbonzvanda Marine Gardens Hastings, E-mail: UN Gigiri Complex Christ Church [email protected] Block Q, Rooms 100-109 & St. Michael, Barbados Block P, Room 133-137 Tel: (246) 467-6000 Nairobi, Kenya Fax: (246) 437-6596 Tel: 254-2-624301or 254-2- E-mail: [email protected] 624383/4/5/6 [email protected] Fax 254-2-624494/90/89 Website: www.unifemcar.org E-mail: nyaradzai.gumbonzvanda @unifem.unon.org Website: www.unifem.unon.org
40 Regional Gender and National Committees for UNIFEM HIV/AIDS Advisor
Asia and the Pacific UNIFEM Australia UNIFEM Japan Madhu Bala Nath Glenda Culley, President Yoko Abe, President 55 Jor Bagh E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: sok-matterhorn New Delhi, India 110003 @muf.biglobe.ne.jp Tel: 91-11-4646479, 91-11-4618571 UNIFEM Austria Fax: 91-11-4646471 Irene Freudenschuss, President E- UNIFEM New Zealand E-mail: [email protected] mail: irene.freudenschuss-reichl Lorna McIntosh, President @bmaa.gv.at E-mail: [email protected] Regional Economic Advisor for Asia-Pacific and Arab States Belgian Committee for UNIFEM UNIFEM Norway Lorraine Corner Inca de Beaufort, President Ragnhild Fjortoft, President 5th Floor, Block B Tel: (32-2) 648-1212 Tel: (47-23) 04-97-05 c/o UNDP, United Nations Building Canadian Committee for UNIFEM UNIFEM Philippine Committee Rajdamnern Avenue, Bangkok 10200 Kate White, President Georgitta P. Puyat, President Thailand E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Tel: 66-2288-1934 or 66-2288-2584 Fax: 66-2280-6030 UNIFEM Denmark UNIFEM Singapore E-mail: Mette Sundby-Brandt, President Dr. Kwanjalit Soin, President [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] UNIFEM Finland Sinikka Ala-Paavola, President UNIFEM Sweden Gender Population and E-mail: [email protected] Gia Kjellén, Chair Development Advisers E-mail: [email protected] UNIFEM France Ethiopia: Miriam Jato Marie-Cecile Moreau, President UNIFEM Switzerland/Liechtenstein Jordan: Faiza Benhadid Fax: (33-1) 45-51-51-96 Eva Michaelis, Secretary General Mexico: Belkys Mones E-mail: [email protected] Senegal: Diana Lima Handem UNIFEM Germany Thailand: Trinidad Osteria Anneliese Müller, Chairwoman UNIFEM United Kingdom Zimbabwe: Safiatu Singhateh E-mail: [email protected] Lois Hainsworth, President E-mail: [email protected] UNIFEM Headquarters: Talat Jafri UNIFEM National Committee for Iceland US Committee for UNIFEM Sigrídur Margrét Gudmundsdóttir, Sheryl J. Swed, President President E-mail: uscommitteeunifem E-mail: [email protected] @counterpart.org
Irish National Committee for UNIFEM Dorin Creamer, Chairperson Tel: (353) 280-2064
Non-Governmental Committee of Organizations in Consultative Status with UNIFEM
All India Women’s Conference League of Women Voters Altrusa International National Association of Negro Business & American Association of Retired Persons Professional Women Clubs, Inc. Armenian International Women’s Association Pan-Pacific S.E. Asia Women’s Association Associated Country Women of the World International Bahá’í International Community Rotary International International Alliance of Women Soroptimist International International Council of Women Trickle Up Program, Inc. International Federation for Home Economics U.S. Committee for UNIFEM International Federation of Business United Nations Association of the USA & Professional Women World Association of Girl Guides/Girl Scouts International Federation of Settlements & World Union for Progressive Judaism Neighborhood Centres World Union of Catholic Women’s Organizations International Federation of University Women World Veterans Federation International Federation of Women Lawyers World Young Women’s Christian Association International Institute of Rural Reconstruction Zonta International International Federation on Ageing
Design: Stephanie Blackman Design, NYC International Federation of Women in Legal Careers
41 United Nations Development 25 Fund for Women UNIFEM Headquarters 1976-2001 304 East 45th Street, 15th floor New York, NY 10017, USA Tel: 212-906-6400 Fax: 212-906-6705 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.unifem.undp.org