DOCSLIB.ORG

Sleep Disorder.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sleep Disorder.Pdf SLEEP DISORDERS Advisory Board Antonio Culebras, M.D. Professor of Neurology Upstate Medical University Consultant, The Sleep Center Community General Hospital Syracuse, New York, U.S.A. Anna Ivanenko, M.D., Ph.D. Loyola University Medical Center Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience Maywood, Illinois, U.S.A. Clete A. Kushida, M.D., Ph.D., RPSGT Director, Stanford Center for Human Sleep Research Associate Professor, Stanford University Medical Center Stanford University Center of Excellence for Sleep Disorders Stanford, California, U.S.A. Nathaniel F. Watson, M.D. University of Washington Sleep Disorders Center Harborview Medical Center Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. 1. Clinician’s Guide to Pediatric Sleep Disorders, edited by Mark A. Richardson and Norman R. Friedman 2. Sleep Disorders and Neurologic Diseases, Second Edition, edited by Antonio Culebras Sleep Disorders and Neurologic Diseases SECOND EDITION Edited by Antonio Culebras Community General Hospital and Upstate Medical University Syracuse, New York, U.S.A. Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. 270 Madison Avenue New York, NY 10016 © 2007 by Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. Informa Healthcare is an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-8493-4324-0 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-8493-4324-7 (Hardcover) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use. No part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright. com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC) 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Visit the Informa Web site at www.informa.com and the Informa Healthcare Web site at www.informahealthcare.com To my wife, Susan, and my daughters, Katerina and Andrea, who felt the absences and enjoyed the successes with the same intensity that I did. B Foreword Sleep is the least understood third of our lives. From its prenatal inception to its ultimate demise, basic questions persist at all stages. We know that sleep represents an important phase in brain function, but we know much less about possible circadian variability in the activity of pathophysiological processes affecting the brain. For example, we have some idea about how sleep apnea may impact brain function, but we have no clue, yet, whether so-called silent brain infarcts occur predominantly in sleep and, if so, why and how. Fortunately, interest, research, and overall activity in somnology is surging. As this comprehensive book illustrates, a number of specialties are converging to deal with the increasingly recognized problems associated with sleep disorders. Neurosomnology emerges as a distinct subspecialty of neurology, with its attendant professional organizations, certifications, and, eventually, formal training programs. A number of distinguished investigators and practitioners of sleep medicine contributed to this volume. Although the basics of normal sleep development, func- tion, and dysfunction receive their due, the emphasis remains decidedly clinical. Not only neurologists, but pediatricians, internists, pulmonologists, endocrinolo- gists, psychiatrists, and all those dealing with sleep disorders will find parts intrin- sically interesting and applicable in practice. This book deserves a wide readership. The readers and their patients will benefit. Vladimir Hachinski, MD, FRCPC, DSc Distinguished University Professor Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada v B Preface Sleep is a function of the brain. However, the ultimate physiological function of sleep remains enigmatic and unknown despite recent extensive research of this ubiquitous and important brain activity. Sleep intervenes in functions of somatic growth, regeneration, and memory. Sleep is important in medicine because it modulates quality of life, while its disorders provoke family pathology, disturb work routines, alter social activities, and, in general, affect the health of the individual (1). Sleep medicine is a unique specialty with input from diverse areas of the medical sciences. Neurology, pulmonary, cardiology, pediatrics, psychiatry, otorhi- nolaryngology, and even dental medicine have important contributions to make. This diversity is the backbone of sleep medicine. But sleep medicine is branching out and it is clear that sleep, being a function of the brain, suffers dysfunctions that are distinctly neurological. Conditions such as epilepsy with expression only in sleep, neuromuscular disorders masquerading as sleep apnea, parasomnias mimicking seizure disorders, intrinsic hypersomnias with definite brain pathophys- iology, sleep alterations in Parkinson’s disease, the risk of stroke in sleep, the organic insomnias, the emerging autonomic dysfunctions of sleep, and so many other unique neurological disturbances can only be evaluated, studied, diagnosed, and managed with comfort by neurologists with special expertise in sleep dis- orders. Non-neurological physicians with a title of “sleep specialist” may not have sufficient training to tackle the above conditions, despite a sleep diploma or certificate, and will value having immediate access to this important segment of sleep medicine in the form of a book. The subspecialty of neurosomnology will eventually emerge with strength comparable to that of other subspecialties in neurology. The consequence is that sleep centers may be compelled to add specialized neurosomnology, for which they will need a neurosomnologist on staff. Eventually, clinical neurosomnology will become a subspecialty of sleep medicine and neurology to incorporate all that is new, unique, and only available in the neurology of sleep. This book serves as a reference for those who practice sleep medicine and encounter neurological pathology. The non-neurologist will value the special information contained herein, and the neurologist will find updated clinical science in their area of expertise. The chapters have a clinical orientation; pro- cedural aspects and laboratory tests are not addressed, except where important to enhance the understanding of clinical manifestations. Some topics are covered in more than one chapter, not by accident but by design. This should not be viewed as duplication but rather a way of presenting diverse views of the same topic. The authors are prestigious clinical neuroscientists with an international name in the field of sleep medicine. They were invited to update work presented in the first edition (2) or to collaborate with new information developed since vii viii Preface this book was initially published only a few years ago. All collaborators have dili- gently compiled their chapters despite multiple other obligations and should be commended for their excellent work. Antonio Culebras, MD REFERENCES 1. Culebras A, ed. Clinical Handbook of Sleep Disorders. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann publishers, 1996. 2. Culebras A, ed. Sleep Disorders and Neurological Disease. First edition. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc publishers, 2000. B Contents Foreword Vladimir Hachinski .... v Preface . vii Contributors . xiii PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. Concept of Sleep Medicine and of Neurosomnology 1 Antonio Culebras PART II: INFANCY AND DEVELOPMENT 2. Disorders of Development and Maturation of Sleep 7 Stephen H. Sheldon 3. Sleep Disorders Associated with Mental Retardation 27 Michael J. Rack PART III: INSOMNIA AND CIRCADIAN DYSRHYTHMIAS 4. Insomnia in Neurology 39 Federica Provini, Carolina Lombardi, and Elio Lugaresi 5. Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder and Other Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders 53 Baruch El-Ad PART IV: NARCOLEPSY AND OTHER HYPERSOMNIAS 6. Narcolepsy 83 Claudio L. Bassetti 7. Secondary Narcolepsy 117 Thomas E. Scammell 8. Hypocretin—Hypothalamic System 135 Christian R. Baumann and Claudio L. Bassetti 9. Idiopathic Hypersomnia and Recurrent Hypersomnia 143 Douglas B. Kirsch and Ronald D. Chervin ix x Contents PART V: MOTOR DISORDERS OF SLEEP 10. Motor Disorders of Sleep: Periodic, Aperiodic, and Rhythmic Motor Disorders 157 Roberto Vetrugno and Pasquale Montagna 11. Restless Legs Syndrome 171 Renata Egatz, Belen Cabrero, and Diego Garcia-Borreguero 12. Periodic Leg Movements of Sleep 193 Diego Garcia-Borreguero, Oscar Larrosa, and Renata Egatz 13. Sleep in Parkinson’s Disease 205 Robert
Load more

Recommended publications
  • View/Download
    FEDERATION OF EUROPEAN NEUROSCIENCE SOCIETIES Report on the Use of the Grant for Brain Awareness Week Events in Europe The directors of the Dana Foundation approved a grant in the amount of US$35.000 (equivalent to 26.000 Euros) to FENS. This money enabled FENS to fund small grants to European Brain Awareness Week partner organizations for public programming during the campaign. FENS distributed these grants in a competitive procedure. A call for applications was launched and the best projects were funded. Advertising A call for applications was sent by email to all members in all FENS member societies in the beginning of December 2008. The deadline for application was January 8, 2009. Furthermore, the BAW grants were announced in the News section on the FENS website. A reminder email was sent by mid December 2008. The applicants had to submit their proposal on a standardized application form. Selection procedure The selection was done by a committee composed of members of Dana, Edab, and FENS: Barbara Gill (Dana) Pierre Magistretti (Edab) Beatrice Roth (Edab) Alois Saria (FENS) Fotini Stylianopoulou (FENS) 72 applications from 24 different European countries were submitted. Approx. 29 projects could have been funded from the Dana grant. Since there were so many excellent proposals FENS decided to add 3.111 Euro. Therefore, finally 34 projects in 22 different European countries could be supported, (see attached list). The following BAW events (listed in alphabetical order by country) were selected for funding. A report sent in by the organizer of each project is in the appendix: 1. Georg Dechant (Innsbruck, Austria) SNI Brain Awareness Week and Neuroscience Day 2009 2.
    [Show full text]
  • History-Of-Movement-Disorders.Pdf
    Comp. by: NJayamalathiProof0000876237 Date:20/11/08 Time:10:08:14 Stage:First Proof File Path://spiina1001z/Womat/Production/PRODENV/0000000001/0000011393/0000000016/ 0000876237.3D Proof by: QC by: ProjectAcronym:BS:FINGER Volume:02133 Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Vol. 95 (3rd series) History of Neurology S. Finger, F. Boller, K.L. Tyler, Editors # 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved Chapter 33 The history of movement disorders DOUGLAS J. LANSKA* Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tomah, WI, USA, and University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA THE BASAL GANGLIA AND DISORDERS Eduard Hitzig (1838–1907) on the cerebral cortex of dogs OF MOVEMENT (Fritsch and Hitzig, 1870/1960), British physiologist Distinction between cortex, white matter, David Ferrier’s (1843–1928) stimulation and ablation and subcortical nuclei experiments on rabbits, cats, dogs and primates begun in 1873 (Ferrier, 1876), and Jackson’s careful clinical The distinction between cortex, white matter, and sub- and clinical-pathologic studies in people (late 1860s cortical nuclei was appreciated by Andreas Vesalius and early 1870s) that the role of the motor cortex was (1514–1564) and Francisco Piccolomini (1520–1604) in appreciated, so that by 1876 Jackson could consider the the 16th century (Vesalius, 1542; Piccolomini, 1630; “motor centers in Hitzig and Ferrier’s region ...higher Goetz et al., 2001a), and a century later British physician in degree of evolution that the corpus striatum” Thomas Willis (1621–1675) implicated the corpus
    [Show full text]
  • ESRS 40Th Anniversary Book
    European Sleep Research Society 1972 – 2012 40th Anniversary of the ESRS Editor: Claudio L. Bassetti Co-Editors: Brigitte Knobl, Hartmut Schulz European Sleep Research Society 1972 – 2012 40th Anniversary of the ESRS Editor: Claudio L. Bassetti Co-Editors: Brigitte Knobl, Hartmut Schulz Imprint Editor Publisher and Layout Claudio L. Bassetti Wecom Gesellschaft für Kommunikation mbH & Co. KG Co-Editors Hildesheim / Germany Brigitte Knobl, Hartmut Schulz www.wecom.org © European Sleep Research Society (ESRS), Regensburg, Bern, 2012 For amendments there can be given no limit or warranty by editor and publisher. Table of Contents Presidential Foreword . 5 Future Perspectives The Future of Sleep Research and Sleep Medicine in Europe: A Need for Academic Multidisciplinary Sleep Centres C. L. Bassetti, D.-J. Dijk, Z. Dogas, P. Levy, L. L. Nobili, P. Peigneux, T. Pollmächer, D. Riemann and D. J. Skene . 7 Historical Review of the ESRS General History of the ESRS H. Schulz, P. Salzarulo . 9 The Presidents of the ESRS (1972 – 2012) T. Pollmächer . 13 ESRS Congresses M. Billiard . 15 History of the Journal of Sleep Research (JSR) J. Horne, P. Lavie, D.-J. Dijk . 17 Pictures of the Past and Present of Sleep Research and Sleep Medicine in Europe J. Horne, H. Schulz . 19 Past – Present – Future Sleep and Neuroscience R. Amici, A. Borbély, P. L. Parmeggiani, P. Peigneux . 23 Sleep and Neurology C. L. Bassetti, L. Ferini-Strambi, J. Santamaria . 27 Psychiatric Sleep Research T. Pollmächer . 31 Sleep and Psychology D. Riemann, C. Espie . 33 Sleep and Sleep Disordered Breathing P. Levy, J. Hedner . 35 Sleep and Chronobiology A.
    [Show full text]
  • BRAIN and NERVE Vol.69 No.4
    BRAIN and NERVE 69 (4)：301-312，2017 Topics Korbinian Brodmann’s scientific profile, and academic works Mitsuru Kawamura Honorary Director, Okusawa Hospital & Clinics, 2-11-11, Okusawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 1580083, Japan E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Brodmann’s classic maps of localisation in cerebral cortex are both well known and of current value. However, his original 1909 monograph is not widely read by neurologists. Furthermore, he reproduced his maps in 1910 and 1914 with a number of important changes. The 1914 version also excludes areas 12-16 and 48-51 in human brain while areas 1-52 are described in animal brain. Here, we provide a detailed explanation of the different versions, and review Brodmann's academic profile and work. Key words: Brodmann’s map; missing numbers; Brodmann’s profile; Brodmann’s works; infographics Introduction The following paper is based on a Japanese language version (BRAIN and NERVE, April 2017) by MK. Recently I developed a passion for the design of charts and diagrams and enjoy looking through books on infographics. The design of visual information has made remarkable progress in recent years. Furthermore, figures, tables, and graphic records are on the agenda at every editorial meeting of Brain And Nerve. The maps of Korbinian Brodmann (1868-1918) were first published in German in 19091, and I believe they rightly belongs to infographics since they localise neuroanatomical information onto human and animal brain – monkey, for example – using the techniques of histology and comparative anatomy. Unlike the cerebellar cortex, which has a generally uniform three-layer structure throughout, most of the cerebral cortex has a six-layer structure of regionally diverse patterns.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Korbinian Brodmann's Scientific Profile, and Academic Works
    BRAIN and NERVE 69 (4)：301-312，2017 Topics Korbinian Brodmann’s scientific profile, and academic works Mitsuru Kawamura Honorary Director, Okusawa Hospital & Clinics, 2-11-11, Okusawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 1580083, Japan E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Brodmann’s classic maps of localisation in cerebral cortex are both well known and of current value. However, his original 1909 monograph is not widely read by neurologists. Furthermore, he reproduced his maps in 1910 and 1914 with a number of important changes. The 1914 version also excludes areas 12-16 and 48-51 in human brain while areas 1-52 are described in animal brain. Here, we provide a detailed explanation of the different versions, and review Brodmann's academic profile and work. Key words: Brodmann’s map; missing numbers; Brodmann’s profile; Brodmann’s works; infographics Introduction The following paper is based on a Japanese language version (BRAIN and NERVE, April 2017) by MK. Recently I developed a passion for the design of charts and diagrams and enjoy looking through books on infographics. The design of visual information has made remarkable progress in recent years. Furthermore, figures, tables, and graphic records are on the agenda at every editorial meeting of Brain And Nerve. The maps of Korbinian Brodmann (1868-1918) were first published in German in 19091, and I believe they rightly belongs to infographics since they localise neuroanatomical information onto human and animal brain – monkey, for example – using the techniques of histology and comparative anatomy. Unlike the cerebellar cortex, which has a generally uniform three-layer structure throughout, most of the cerebral cortex has a six-layer structure of regionally diverse patterns.
    [Show full text]
  • Anatomy of a Neuron Type Unique to Great Apes and Humans
    THE VON ECONOMO NEURONS: FROM CELLS TO BEHAVIOR Thesis by Karli K. Watson In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 2006 (Defended February 27, 2006) ii © 2006 Karli K. Watson All Rights Reserved iii Acknowledgements The work described in this thesis could not have been accomplished without the support, guidance, and encouragement of many people. First and foremost, thanks are due to my adviser, John Allman, for being such a humane and wise mentor. I will always admire, and strive to emulate, his ability to extract knowledge from a diverse array of fields and build it into a comprehensive, singular idea. I also owe thanks to the members of my thesis committee, Christof Koch, Erin Schuman, Ralph Adolphs, and John O’Doherty, for their helpful discussions about my thesis as well as about life-outside-of-science. I must also thank Kathleen King-Siwicki, Peter Collings, and Sean McBride, who, during my undergraduate career, provided me with the skills, knowledge, and enthusiasm to dive into the realm of research. Some of the immunohistochemistry troubleshooting was performed in the lab of Dr. Elizabeth Head at UC Irvine, who so graciously lent me bench space and advice so that I could unravel my stubborn technical problems. I was also the beneficiary of efforts from a number of bright Caltech undergraduates: Andrea Vasconcellos and Sarah Teegarden, who tried endless variants of immunohistochemistry protocols; Ben Matthews and Esther Lee, who both helped with every aspect of my fMRI projects; and Patrick Codd and Tiffanie Jones (from Harvard), each of whom spent a summer doing the Neurolucida tracings of the Golgi specimens.
    [Show full text]
  • PDF (Ch1 Watson Thesis 2006.Pdf)
    THE VON ECONOMO NEURONS: FROM CELLS TO BEHAVIOR Thesis by Karli K. Watson In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 2006 (Defended February 27, 2006) ii © 2006 Karli K. Watson All Rights Reserved iii Acknowledgements The work described in this thesis could not have been accomplished without the support, guidance, and encouragement of many people. First and foremost, thanks are due to my adviser, John Allman, for being such a humane and wise mentor. I will always admire, and strive to emulate, his ability to extract knowledge from a diverse array of fields and build it into a comprehensive, singular idea. I also owe thanks to the members of my thesis committee, Christof Koch, Erin Schuman, Ralph Adolphs, and John O’Doherty, for their helpful discussions about my thesis as well as about life-outside-of-science. I must also thank Kathleen King-Siwicki, Peter Collings, and Sean McBride, who, during my undergraduate career, provided me with the skills, knowledge, and enthusiasm to dive into the realm of research. Some of the immunohistochemistry troubleshooting was performed in the lab of Dr. Elizabeth Head at UC Irvine, who so graciously lent me bench space and advice so that I could unravel my stubborn technical problems. I was also the beneficiary of efforts from a number of bright Caltech undergraduates: Andrea Vasconcellos and Sarah Teegarden, who tried endless variants of immunohistochemistry protocols; Ben Matthews and Esther Lee, who both helped with every aspect of my fMRI projects; and Patrick Codd and Tiffanie Jones (from Harvard), each of whom spent a summer doing the Neurolucida tracings of the Golgi specimens.
    [Show full text]
  • René Cruchet (1875–1959), Beyond Encephalitis Lethargica Olivier Walusinski
    JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF THE NEUROSCIENCES https://doi.org/10.1080/0964704X.2021.1911913 René Cruchet (1875–1959), beyond encephalitis lethargica Olivier Walusinski Private Practice, Brou, France ABSTRACT KEYWORDS René Cruchet (1875–1959) was a pediatrician from Bordeaux known Dystonia; Gilles de la for his seminal description of encephalitis lethargica during World War Tourette’s syndrome; history I, at the same time as Constantin von Economo (1876–1931) in Vienna of neurology; Parkinson’s published his own description, which, unlike Cruchet’s description, disease; René Cruchet; tics provided precious anatomopathological data in addition to the clinical data. Cruchet was interested in tics and dystonia and called for treat­ ment using behavioral psychotherapy that was, above all, repressive. Cruchet was also a physiologist and an innovator in aeronautic med­ icine—notably, he helped pioneer the study of “aviator's disease” during World War I. Moreover, he possessed an encyclopedic knowl­ edge, while publishing in all medical fields, writing philosophical texts as well as travel logs. René Cruchet (1875–1959) was a pediatrician from Bordeaux whose name is still associated with his description of the first recognized French cases of encephalitis lethargica during World War I (see Figure 1). A well-known figure in the Bordeaux medical community, he had first taken an interest in tics and what had yet to be called dystonia. He left us with a considerable number of publications in the form of books and articles, not only in medical fields but also philosophical texts on medicine and its practice. A medical career in Bordeaux Jean René Cruchet was born in Bordeaux on March 21, 1875, the son of Fernand Cruchet (?–1916) and Adély Feytit (?–1928).
    [Show full text]
  • Constantin Von Economo Georg N. Koskinas Lazaros C. Triarhou, M.D
    Atlas of Cytoarchitectonics of the Adult Human Cerebral Cortex by Constantin von Economo Professor of Neurology and Psychiatry at the University of Vienna and Georg N. Koskinas Former Assistant of the Psychiatry and Neurology University Clinic in Athens Compiled at the Psychiatric Clinic of Hofrat Julius Wagner von Jauregg, Vienna With full-scale reproductions of the original 112 microphotographic plates, including 8 tables, 33 fi gures, 4 in color Translated, revised and edited with an Introduction and additional appendix material by Lazaros C. Triarhou, M.D., Ph.D. Professor of Neuroscience and Chairman of Educational Policy, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece S. Karger AG Basel · Freiburg · Paris · London · New York · Bangalore · Bangkok · Singapore · Tokyo · Sydney First English Edition Originally published in German under the title: Die Cytoarchitektonik der Hirnrinde des erwachsenen Menschen. Atlas mit 112 mikrophotographischen Tafeln in besonderer Mappe. Wien, Verlag von Julius Springer, 1925. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Economo, Constantin, Freiherr von, 1876-1931. Atlas of cytoarchitectonics of the adult human cerebral cortex / by Constantin von Economo and Georg N. Koskinas ; translated, revised and edited with an introduction and additional appendix material by Lazaros C. Triarhou. -- 1st English ed. p. cm. “Originally published in German under the title: Die Cytoarchitektonik der Hirnrinde des erwachsenen Menschen. Atlas mit 112 mikrophotographischen Tafeln in besonderer Mappe.” Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-3-8055-8289-6 1. Cerebral cortex--Atlases. I. Koskinas, Georg N. II. Triarhou, Lazaros Constantinos, 1957- III. Title. QM455.E18513 2007 612.8‘25--dc22 2007061522 Frontispiece portrait information: Georg N. Koskinas (left): original photograph from the editor’s archive, gift from Mrs.
    [Show full text]
  • Multiscale Examination of Cytoarchitectonic Similarity and Human Brain Connectivity
    RESEARCH Multiscale examination of cytoarchitectonic similarity and human brain connectivity 1,2 1,2 2,3 1,2,4 Yongbin Wei , Lianne H. Scholtens , Elise Turk , and Martijn P. van den Heuvel 1 Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 2Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands 3Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands 4Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands an open access journal Keywords: Connectivity, Network, Graph theory, BigBrain, Cytoarchitectonic differentiation, Structural type ABSTRACT The human brain comprises an efficient communication network, with its macroscale connectome organization argued to be directly associated with the underlying microscale organization of the cortex. Here, we further examine this link in the human brain cortex by using the ultrahigh-resolution BigBrain dataset; 11,660 BigBrain profiles of laminar cell structure were extracted from the BigBrain data and mapped to the MRI based Desikan– Killiany atlas used for macroscale connectome reconstruction. Macroscale brain connectivity was reconstructed based on the diffusion-weighted imaging dataset from the Human Citation: Wei, Y., Scholtens, L. H., Connectome Project and cross-correlated to the similarity of laminar profiles. We showed Turk, E., & van den Heuvel, M. P. (2019). Multiscale examination of that the BigBrain profile similarity between interconnected cortical regions was significantly cytoarchitectonic similarity and human brain connectivity. Network higher than those between nonconnected regions. The pattern of BigBrain profile similarity Neuroscience, 3 (1), 124–137.
    [Show full text]
  • Neuropsychiatry News
    Neuropsychiatry News Newsletter of the Faculty of Neuropsychiatry: Royal College of Psychiatrists DECEMBER 2016 #12 Forensic Neuropsychiatry 02 Contents Editorial Faculty of Neuropsychiatry 03 The Faculty of Neuropsychiatry Conference, 2016 Eileen Joyce Oral Prize Winner Special Article 31 Assessing the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation upon attention in Lewy body dementia: 05 What’s In A Name? a crossover trial Keith Rix James Ashcroft 09 The Butler Did It And Maybe Had Epilepsy! Poster Prize Winners Marco Mula 35 A review of in-patient referrals from a regional neurosciences center at St Georges Hospital to the 13 Huntington’s Disease And Criminality: Neuropsychiatry Team. The Ethical Dimension Samr Dawood et al George El-Nimr 38 Similarity between Encephalitis Lethargica and 18 Neuropsychiatry In Secure Care NMDA-receptor antibody Encephalitis Czarina Kirk Mantas Malys et al 22 Neurobiology Of Aggression Shoumitro Deb & Tanya Deb AOB 42 Request for help – patient information sheets Case Report on epilepsy 27 Impulse Control Disorder in Parkinson disease and criminality Jasvinder Singh Editors Norman Poole and George El-Nimr Neuropsychiatry News is produced twice yearly. Articles, case- Editorial Board Eileen Joyce reports and service descriptions should be submitted in a MS Word format by email and should not exceed 2000 words unless agreed Address for correspondence with the Editor. Letters should not exceed 200 words. The Editor Norman Poole reserves the right to edit contributions as deemed necessary. Department of Neuropsychiatry Opinions expressed in the newsletter are of the authors and not of Clare House the College. Copyright of submissions are retained by its author, but St.
    [Show full text]
  • Was Always Negative ...Babinski Phenomenon Can Persist for a Long
    Companrson ofpositron emission tomography, cognition and brain volume in Alzheimer's disease with and without severe abnormalities of white matter 167 J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: first published as 10.1136/jnnp.60.2.167 on 1 February 1996. Downloaded from 56 Lezak MD. Neuropsychological assessment: New York: eration contribute to "leuko-araiosis" in subjects free of Oxford University Press, 1976. any vascular disorder? -7 Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 57 Hatazawa J, Yamaguchi T, Ito M, Yamaura H, Matsuzawa 1991 ;54:46-50. T. Association of hypertension with increased atrophy of 61 DeCarli C, Brady D, Katz D, Alston SR, Burger P, et al. brain matter in the elderly. 7 Am Geriatr Soc 1984;32: Neuropathological findings in Alzheimer's disease with 370-4. severe leukoencephalopathy. Neurology 1994;44(suppl2): 58 Salerno JA, Murphy DGM, Horwitz B, et al. Brain atrophy A370-A371. in older hypertensive men: a volumetric magnetic reso- 62 Yao H, Sadoshima S, Kuwabara Y, Ichiya Y, Fujishima M. nance study. Hypertension 1992;20:340-8. Cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism in patients 59 Mentis MJ, Salerno J, Horwitz B, et al. Reduction of func- with vascular dementia of the Binswanger type. Stroke tional neuronal connectivity in long-term treated hyper- 1990;21: 1694-9. tension. Stroke 1994;25:1-7. 63 Scheinberg P. Dementia due to vascular disease: a multi- 60 Leys D, Pruvo JP, Parent M, et al. Could Wallerian degen- factorial disorder. Stroke 1988;19:1291-9. Baron Constantin von Economo and encephalitis lethargica Although younger neurologists may not have encoun- tions for microorganisms was negative in every case.
    [Show full text]