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Iran and Yemen; Study the Reflection of the Islamic Revolution of Iran on Yemen and Its Results

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Iran and Yemen; Study the Reflection of the Islamic Revolution of Iran on Yemen and Its Results Iran and Yemen; Study the Reflection of the Islamic Revolution of Iran on Yemen and Its Results Amir Reza Emami¹, Fatemeh Zare² ¹,2 Graduate of Political Science (International Relations), Department of Law and Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Yazd, Yazd University, Iran. Abstract The Islamic Revolution of Iran took place in 1789 and was the first successful revolution inspired by Islam. Undoubtedly, this revolution had repercussions on the peripheral and semi-peripheral countries of Iran, and among the semi-peripheral countries of Iran, which was affected by the Iranian revolution, was Yemen. In the following years, with the beginning of the Arab Spring (Islamic Awakening), this country underwent changes and protest movements were formed in it, the content of which was very close to the foundations of the Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1789. These protests and anti-government movements in Yemen at the time led to the revolution and ultimately to the victory of the Yemeni Houthis and the Ansarullah movement. But what could be the consequences of this event in Yemen? Do these results include the system of the Islamic Republic of Iran? In fact, the main question of this research is what are the results of the reflection of the Islamic Revolution of Iran on Yemen. Therefore, this study seeks to first examine the reflection of the Islamic Revolution in Yemen and then explain its results. The method of the present research is qualitative and based on descriptive-analytical and the method of collecting data and information is based on documentary studies, libraries and reputable research and extension science journals and various statistics. Keywords: Iran, Yemen, Islamic Revolution, Reflection. 1. Introduction The outbreak of the Islamic Revolution in 1979 in Iran became the source of dramatic changes in the world, including the Islamic world. Due to its religious and cultural face, this revolution was able to break even the boundaries of the theories of the revolution, and experts in the discussion of the revolution, including Ms. Teda Skocpol, moderated their theories (Skocpol, 1982). Some people, including Robin Wright, even refer to it as the Great Revolution (Wright, 2000). The first and most important factor that led to the Iranian Revolution being considered as the Islamic Revolution was the Islamic ideology and its spiritual and non-spiritual leaders who 160 proposed it. Thus, this revolution was the first example of a successful revolution inspired by Islam (Esposito, 2014). The Islamic Revolution had a great impact on attitudes, ideas, actions and behaviors in the region and the world, and undoubtedly had consequences and repercussions that affected the countries around and semi-surrounding Iran. Yemen is one of the most important semi-peripheral countries in Iran that was affected by the Islamic Revolution of Iran. This country, which is located in the south of the Arabian Peninsula, has a special and strategic position in terms of history, culture, geopolitics, etc. Between 30 and 35% of the country's population is made up of Zaidiyyah Shia. With the outbreak of the Tunisian revolution and the beginning of the crisis in the Arab countries, which is known as the Arab Spring or the Islamic Awakening, Yemen also became involved in internal conflicts and the revolution, which is still involved in some way. 2. Research Method The present study is a qualitative research. Qualitative research has a holistic, interpretive approach and is done for exploration in a natural context and should not be done in an artificial range. Qualitative research acquires information about life, culture, value, ideological and behavioral principles, language, feelings, emotions and beliefs of people. A qualitative researcher collects information using regular methods, thinks about its meaning and concept, concludes, evaluates them, and finally presents them. The research environment is in fact the real world in which research and study take place. This environment is studied as a whole and its analysis into components and study of components is avoided. In qualitative research, the researcher who plans to collect the data must be consistent with the type of information he or she seeks. The researcher can use three strategies of in-depth interview, observation and sampling in his research. But we can also refer to the study of documents, graffiti, library resources, in general, stable and unstable documents (Abedi and Shavakhim, 2010). The present study is based on a descriptive approach to analysis. In this type of research, in addition to illustrating what is, the researcher explains the reasons for how it is and why the problem and its dimensions. The researcher needs a strong argumentative basis to explain and justify the reasons. This support is provided by searching the literature and theoretical topics of research and compiling general propositions and theorems about it, which are usually compiled in the chapter on backgrounds and theoretical topics of research. One of the characteristics of descriptive research is that the researcher does not interfere in the position, situation and role of variables and does not manipulate or control them, and only studies what exists, describes it. Descriptive research may lead to the discovery of laws and the presentation of theories; this means that general knowledge is gained through such research. For example, when the characteristics of a particular phenomenon or subject are carefully studied and identified, these characteristics can be generalized to similar cases and a general theorem can be presented. 161 In another way, it is possible to achieve general cognitions and theorems through descriptive research and that is the use of inductive method; This means that when a common and uniform feature or attribute is repeated and observed in various phenomena and objects, a theory can be presented based on it. Therefore, according to the above explanations, the method of the present research is qualitative and based on analytical descriptive, the method of data collection and information is based on documentary studies, libraries and reputable research and extension science journals and various statistics. 3. Theoretical Framework Broadcast theory It seems that the best theory in which the reflection of phenomena can be observed is the theory of diffusion. This theory is also very suitable for explaining the export of the revolution (Barzegar, 2012). This theory was invented by Hager Strand (Swedish geographer) in 1953. Through this theory, he sought to find out how to spread innovation in the field of agricultural phenomena and bovine tuberculosis over the years. According to Shakuie, this theory later dealt with how cholera spread in different regions such as India, Central Africa, the Middle East, etc. (Shakuie, 2010). Although it was the starting point of its application in agricultural phenomena and the spread of diseases, its application spread to other cultural fields. In sum, this theory explains the spread of any kind of intellectual or physical innovation; Such as the justification for the dominance of shorts or shorts. It was first introduced to the world in the spring of 1970 in Paris and in the autumn of the same year quickly spread from Sydney boutiques in Australia to San Francisco in the United States. Therefore, this theory has the power to explain any mental or physical innovation. Explains the reason for its spread, the manner of its spread and its routes and channels of distribution, as well as the reasons for its cessation and the reasons for its re-expansion, as well as the stability of some waves and the decline of others (Barzegar, 2012). In general, dissemination is a process according to which a cultural matter (an institution or a technical invention, etc.) that is the hallmark of one society, is borrowed in another society and accepted by that society (Barzegar, 2012). Distribution includes types such as displacement, contagion, and hierarchy; In hierarchical distribution, phenomena are transmitted and propagated through a regular sequence of categories and classes. Ideas spread from person to person or from one urban center to another (Barzegar, 2012). Figure 1. Hierarchical distribution 162 Source: (Barzegar, 2012) In broadcasting, the general spread of ideas takes place without regard to hierarchy; Figure 2. Infectious broadcast Source: (Barzegar, 2012) In fact, this type of broadcasting is opposed to hierarchical broadcasting. This type of broadcast is strongly influenced by distance. There are two types of hierarchical and contagious. The type of broadcasts that are expansion type with high propagation speed (Barzegar, 2012). In displacement broadcasting, the prerequisite for broadcasting is an innovation or an element of culture, the transmission of an individual or group carrying an idea. Displacement displacement occurs when individuals or groups with a specific idea physically move from place to place. In this way, innovations and innovations are spread in the new land; Examples include the spread of religions with the dispatch of missionaries, the colonization of Europeans from 1500 to 1950, and the emigration of European Christians to the United States (Jordan and Rowntree, 2001). In a general and brief category, the factors of broadcast theory can be presented as follows: 163 Figure 3. Five main factors in diffusion theory Source: (Shokuei, 2010) Of course, other factors can also be highlighted in this theory, such as: propagation speed and factors affecting it, obstacles and borders and rival waves, predicting the effects of propagation and its harmful or useful from the point of view of the parties involved, as well as countermeasures (Shokuei, 2013). But the definitions of each of these components are brief; Origin: Places that are the origin of innovations and messages and values and innovations. Destination, domain and place: Destination means the places to which the broadcast content or the continuous streaming stream reaches. The geographical area or environment can be receptive (convergent) or non-environmental (divergent) (Shokuei, 2010).
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