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INVENTORY of Tpf Larrier ISLAND CHAIN of the STATES of NEW YORK and NEW JERSEY
B250B50 SCH INVENTORY OF TPf lARRIER ISLAND CHAIN OF THE STATES OF NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY PREPARED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE OPEN SPACE INSTITUTE FUNDED BY THE MC INTOSH FOUNDATION Pr OCL 13;.2 B5D 5ch INVENTORY OF THE BARRIER ISLAND CHAIN OF THE STATES OF NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY JAMES J, SCHEINKMANJ RESEARCHER PETER M. BYRNEJ CARTOGRAPHER ,, I PREPARED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE J OPEN SPACE INSTITUTE 45 Rockefeller Plaza Room 2350 New York, N.Y. 10020 FUNDED BY THE MC INTOSH FOUNDATION October, 1977 I r- I,,' N.J~...; OCZ[VJ dbrary We wish to thank John R. Robinson, 150 Purchase Street, Rye, New York 10580, for his help and guidance and for the use of his office facilities in the prepara tion of this report. Copyright © The Mcintosh Foundation 1977 All rights reserved. Except for use in a review, the reproduction or utilization of this work in any form or by any electronic, mech anical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including xerography, photocopying, and recording, and in any information stor age and retrieval system is forbidden without the written permission of the publisher. TABLE OE' CONTENTS Page Number Preface iv New York Barrier Island Chain: Introduction to the New York Barrier Island Chain NY- 2 Barrier Island (Unnamed) NY- 5 Fire Island NY-10 Jones Beach Island NY-16 Long Beach Island NY-20 Background Information for Nassau County NY-24 Background Information for Suffolk County NY-25 New Jersey Barrier Island Chain: Introduction to the New Jersey Barrier Island Chain NJ- 2 Sandy Hook Peninsula NJ- 5 Barnegat -
Fire Island—Historical Background
Chapter 1 Fire Island—Historical Background Brief Overview of Fire Island History Fire Island has been the location for a wide variety of historical events integral to the development of the Long Island region and the nation. Much of Fire Island’s history remains shrouded in mystery and fable, including the precise date at which the barrier beach island was formed and the origin of the name “Fire Island.” What documentation does exist, however, tells an interesting tale of Fire Island’s progression from “Shells to Hotels,” a phrase coined by one author to describe the island’s evo- lution from an Indian hotbed of wampum production to a major summer resort in the twentieth century.1 Throughout its history Fire Island has contributed to some of the nation’s most important historical episodes, including the development of the whaling industry, piracy, the slave trade, and rumrunning. More recently Fire Island, home to the Fire Island National Seashore, exemplifies the late twentieth-century’s interest in preserving natural resources and making them available for public use. The Name. It is generally believed that Fire Island received its name from the inlet that cuts through the barrier and connects the Great South Bay to the ocean. The name Fire Island Inlet is seen on maps dating from the nineteenth century before it was attributed to the barrier island. On September 15, 1789, Henry Smith of Boston sold a piece of property to several Brookhaven residents through a deed that stated the property ran from “the Head of Long Cove to Huntting -
Long Island South Shore Estuary Reserve Coordinated Water Resources Monitoring Strategy Long Island SOUTH SHORE ESTUARY RESERVE
Long Island South Shore Estuary Reserve Coordinated Water Resources Monitoring Strategy New York Suffolk Nassau Long Island SOUTH SHORE ESTUARY RESERVE Open-File Report 2017–1161 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover. The Long Island South Shore Estuary Reserve (orange) stretches west to east from the Nassau-Queens county line to the town of Southampton. South to north, it extends from mean high tide on the ocean side of the barrier islands to the inland limits of the watersheds that drain into the bays. Image courtesy of the New York State Department of State Office of Planning, Development and Community Infrastructure. Long Island South Shore Estuary Reserve Coordinated Water Resources Monitoring Strategy By Shawn C. Fisher, Robert J. Welk, and Jason S. Finkelstein Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of State Office of Planning, Development and Community Infrastructure and the South Shore Estuary Reserve Office Open-File Report 2017–1161 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior RYAN K. ZINKE, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey James F. Reilly II, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2018 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment—visit https://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit https://store.usgs.gov. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. -
5. Appendix D
Long Island Duck Farm History and Ecosystem Restoration Opportunities Suffolk County, Long Island, New York February 2009 US Army Corps of Engineers Suffolk County, NY New York District APPENDIX D APPENDIX D Duck Farm Industry and Impacts Report prepared by Suffolk County Department of Planning H. Lee Dennison Building - 4th Floor 100 Veterans Memorial Highway P.O. Box 6100 Hauppauge, New York 11788 DeWitt S. Davies, Ph.D. Chief Environmental Analyst Duck Farm Industry Impacts on the Environment Introduction As documented in the historical overview section, the duck farm industry in Suffolk County was an extremely intensive land use along stream and bay shorelines. Inventory work by the Department of Planning indicates that approximately 2,000 acres of upland property and almost 20 miles of shoreline along freshwater creeks/rivers and estuary tributaries – primarily in the Towns of Brookhaven, Riverhead and Southampton – were utilized during the last century in Suffolk County for duck production. The impacts of duck farming were dramatic, both on-site and off-site. Extensive landform alterations were made to construct animal pens, feed lots and swim ponds, which were often located in or directly adjacent to streams/coves of the bays. Waste effluent discharges from the farms created thick organic matter deposits, degraded water quality and altered phytoplankton and benthic population in near-by surface waters. Duck Farms – An Intensive Land Use The significance of the impacts is reflected by the magnitude of the industry and the waste load generated. Effluent waste loadings from the farms in the form of suspended solids, nutrients and coliform bacteria were huge, especially prior to the required use of treatment technology under water pollution control laws. -
Long Island Duck Farm History and Ecosystem Restoration Opportunities Suffolk County, Long Island, New York
Long Island Duck Farm History and Ecosystem Restoration Opportunities Suffolk County, Long Island, New York February 2009 US Army Corps of Engineers Suffolk County, NY New York District Table of Contents Section Page Table of Contents............................................................................................................................ 1 List of Appendices .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.0 Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 1 2.0 Purpose..................................................................................................................................... 1 3.0 History of Duck Farming on Long Island................................................................................ 1 4.0 Environmental Impacts ............................................................................................................. 2 4.1 Duck Waste Statistics ....................................................................................................... 2 4.2 Off-site Impacts of Duck Farm Operation........................................................................ 3 4.2.1 Duck Sludge Deposits.................................................................................................... 4 4.3 On-site Impacts of Duck Farm Operation......................................................................... 5 5.0 -
Long Island Tidal Wetlands Trends Analysis
LONG ISLAND TIDAL WETLANDS TRENDS ANALYSIS Prepared for the NEW ENGLAND INTERSTATE WATER POLLUTION CONTROL COMMISSION Prepared by August 2015 Long Island Tidal Wetlands Trends Analysis August 2015 Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 PURPOSE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5 ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL CONTEXT ..................................................................................................................... 6 FUNDING SOURCE AND PARTNERS ..................................................................................................................................... 6 TRENDS ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................................................. 7 METHODOLOGY AND DATA ................................................................................................................................... 9 OUTLINE OF TECHNICAL APPROACH ................................................................................................................................... 9 TECHNICAL OBJECTIVES -
Fire Island Geographic Scope Jurisdictions
Ocean Avenue 27A 495 Town of Smithtown 112 TOWN OF ay CENTER xpressw o HOLBROOK Long Island E BROOKHAVEN MORICHES RONKONKOMA Long Island 27 46 F CENTRAL ISLIP MacArthur o r NORTH g e East Moriches Airport LONG ISLAND y PATCHOGUE a R Coast Guard 454 w iv Station Wertheim k e r Lakeland Avenue William Floyd r a Town of Huntington Town Sunrise Highway BRENTWOOD P National Estate Long Island Railroad d Wildlife y Town of Islip of Town o MORICHES BAY l F Town of Babylon Refuge VILLAGE OF m BROOKHAVEN a i l TOWN OF l Sagtikos Parkway Connetquot River PATCHOGUE i State Park 27 VILLAGE W Smith Point MORICHES ISLIP BOHEMIA Patchogue VILLAGE OF Preserve OF County Park Great Gun INLET MASTIC BEACH Y Town of Islip of Town BA Park BELLPORT W Beach Bayard RO Town of Brookhaven of Town BELLPORT R (Town of Brookhaven) Cutting Administration NA BABYLON Patchogue BAY Arboretum Ferry Davis Park Southern State Parkway Terminal Ferry Terminal Long Island Railroad (NPS) John Boyle Island BAYPORT Sayville PATCHOGUE Hospital Island OAKDALE 27A SAYVILLE Sayville BAY Pelican Island Sunrise Highway Islip Fire Island Ferry Terminal Ridge Island EAST ISLIP Wilderness ISLIP WEST VILLAGE OF SAYVILLE Visitor Center BRIGHTWATERS Fire Island NICOLL Old Inlet 27 Ferry Terminal Seatuck National BAY GREAT SOUTH Wildlife Heckscher Bellport Beach BAY SHORE BAY GREAT Refuge State Park (Village of Bellport) COVE WEST ISLIP 27A Montauk Highway Watch Hill Robert Moses Causeway FIRE ISLAND NATIONAL SEASHORE Davis Park Leja Beach P r i v Blue Point Beach (Town of Brookhaven) a t GENERAL MANAGEMENT PLAN e F e Water Island SOUTH Town of Islip of Islip Town r Town of Babylon r y Town of Brookhaven of Town OYSTER S e r BAY v i c FIGURE 6.0 JURISDICTIONS e Talisman Sunken Fire Island Pines Forest West East Fire Island Fire Island Cherry Grove The National Park Service (NPS) has jurisdiction over all activities in the surface and water column within the park’s boundaries, regardless of land ownership (36 CFR Part 1.2). -
Water Quality and Ecology of Great South Bay (Fire Island National Seashore Science Synthesis Paper)
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Northeast Region Boston, Massachusetts Water Quality and Ecology of Great South Bay (Fire Island National Seashore Science Synthesis Paper) Technical Report NPS/NER/NRTR—2005/019 ON THE COVER Oblique aerial photograph of the Old Inlet section of Fire Island National Seashore and Great South Bay. Photograph courtesy of James Lynch, USGS. Water Quality and Ecology of Great South Bay (Fire Island National Seashore Science Synthesis Paper) Technical Report NPS/NER/NRTR—2005/019 Kenneth R. Hinga Graduate School of Oceanography University of Rhode Island Narragansett, RI 02882 September 2005 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Northeast Region Boston, Massachusetts The Northeast Region of the National Park Service (NPS) comprises national parks and related areas in 13 New England and Mid-Atlantic states. The diversity of parks and their resources are reflected in their designations as national parks, seashores, historic sites, recreation areas, military parks, memorials, and rivers and trails. Biological, physical, and social science research results, natural resource inventory and monitoring data, scientific literature reviews, bibliographies, and proceedings of technical workshops and conferences related to these park units are disseminated through the NPS/NER Technical Report (NRTR) and Natural Resources Report (NRR) series. The reports are a continuation of series with previous acronyms of NPS/PHSO, NPS/MAR, NPS/BSO-RNR and NPS/NERBOST. Individual parks may also disseminate information through their own report series. Natural Resources Reports are the designated medium for information on technologies and resource management methods; "how to" resource management papers; proceedings of resource management workshops or conferences; and natural resource program descriptions and resource action plans. -
Response of Indicator Bacteria in Great South Bay, Long Island to the Breach at Old Inlet an Analysis of Fecal Coliforms Post Hurricane Sandy
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Response of Indicator Bacteria in Great South Bay, Long Island to the Breach at Old Inlet An Analysis of Fecal Coliforms Post Hurricane Sandy Natural Resource Report NPS/NER/NRR—2016/1261 ON THE COVER Photograph of the breach at Old Inlet on Fire Island National Seashore shortly after the impact of Hurricane Sandy. Photograph courtesy of Charles Flagg, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University. Response of Indicator Bacteria in Great South Bay, Long Island to the Breach at Old Inlet An Analysis of Fecal Coliforms Post Hurricane Sandy Natural Resource Report NPS/NER/NRR—2016/1261 Chris Gobler1, Jake Thickman2 1Stony Brook University, Southampton School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences 239 Montauk Highway Southampton, NY 11968 2Stony Brook University School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Stony Brook, NY 11794 August 2016 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. The series supports the advancement of science, informed decision-making, and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. -
Great South Bay After Sandy: Changes in Circulation and Flushing Due to New Inlet
Estuaries and Coasts https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-018-0423-6 Great South Bay After Sandy: Changes in Circulation and Flushing due to New Inlet Claudia Hinrichs1,2 & Charles N. Flagg2 & Robert E. Wilson2 Received: 22 September 2017 /Revised: 14 March 2018 /Accepted: 28 May 2018 # Coastal and Estuarine Research Federation 2018 Abstract The coastal ocean model FVCOM is applied to quantify the changes in circulation, flushing, and exposure time in Great South Bay, New York, after Superstorm Sandy breached the barrier island in 2012. Since then, the lagoon system is connected to the Atlantic via five instead of four inlets. The model simulations are run on two high-resolution unstructured grids, one for the pre- breach configuration, one including the new inlet, with tidal-only forcing, and summer and winter forcing conditions. Despite its small cross-sectional size, the breach has a relatively large net inflow that leads to a strengthening of the along-bay through-flow in Great South Bay (GSB); the tidally driven volume transport in central GSB quadrupled. The seasonal forcing scenarios show that the southwesterly sea breeze in summer slows down the tidally driven flow, while the forcing conditions in winter are highly variable, and the circulation is dependent on wind direction and offshore sea level. Changes in flushing and exposure time associated with the modified transport patterns are evaluated using a Eulerian passive tracer technique. Results show that the new inlet produced a significant decrease in flushing time (approximately 35% reduction under summer wind conditions and 20% reduction under winter wind conditions). Maps of exposure time reflect the local changes in circulation and flushing. -
Long Island's Dynamic South Shore
Long Island’s Dynamic South Shore A Primer on the Forces and Trends Shaping Our Coast Jay Tanski Long Island’s Dynamic South Shore A Primer on the Forces and Trends Shaping Our Coast Introduction Long Island’s Atlantic coastline is a special place for many reasons. The south shore is home to a wide variety of habitats which support a vast array of plants and animals, some threatened or endan- gered. It is also the place where millions of people live, work, and play. The 120-mile coast stretching between Coney Island and Montauk is remarkably diverse in terms of its physical characteristics, use, and development. This shore contains everything from heavily developed urbanized barrier islands to New York State’s only federally-designated wilderness area. Area beaches are a prime recreational resource, attracting millions of visitors every year and serving as the foundation of a multibillion-dollar regional tourism industry. Long Island’s coast is also extremely dynamic, constantly changing in response to natural processes associated with wind, waves, and tides as well as human activities. The dynamic nature of the shoreline coupled with people’s desire to use and enjoy the shoreline presents unique chal- lenges in managing this resource. Making decisions that balance conservation of the natural environ- ment with significant demand for use of the shore requires a sound understanding of the processes shaping and impacting the coast. This primer provides a brief overview of what we know about coastal processes and erosion on Long Island’s south shore, based on the best available scientific information. -
Long Island Tidal Wetlands Trends Analysis
LONG ISLAND TIDAL WETLANDS TRENDS ANALYSIS Prepared for the NEW ENGLAND INTERSTATE WATER POLLUTION CONTROL COMMISSION Prepared by July 2015 Long Island Tidal Wetlands Trends Analysis July 2015 Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 PURPOSE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5 ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL CONTEXT ..................................................................................................................... 6 FUNDING SOURCE AND PARTNERS ..................................................................................................................................... 6 TRENDS ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................................................. 7 METHODOLOGY AND DATA ................................................................................................................................... 9 OUTLINE OF TECHNICAL APPROACH ................................................................................................................................... 9 TECHNICAL OBJECTIVES ..................................................................................................................................................