Great South Bay After Sandy: Changes in Circulation and Flushing Due to New Inlet
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INVENTORY of Tpf Larrier ISLAND CHAIN of the STATES of NEW YORK and NEW JERSEY
B250B50 SCH INVENTORY OF TPf lARRIER ISLAND CHAIN OF THE STATES OF NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY PREPARED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE OPEN SPACE INSTITUTE FUNDED BY THE MC INTOSH FOUNDATION Pr OCL 13;.2 B5D 5ch INVENTORY OF THE BARRIER ISLAND CHAIN OF THE STATES OF NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY JAMES J, SCHEINKMANJ RESEARCHER PETER M. BYRNEJ CARTOGRAPHER ,, I PREPARED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE J OPEN SPACE INSTITUTE 45 Rockefeller Plaza Room 2350 New York, N.Y. 10020 FUNDED BY THE MC INTOSH FOUNDATION October, 1977 I r- I,,' N.J~...; OCZ[VJ dbrary We wish to thank John R. Robinson, 150 Purchase Street, Rye, New York 10580, for his help and guidance and for the use of his office facilities in the prepara tion of this report. Copyright © The Mcintosh Foundation 1977 All rights reserved. Except for use in a review, the reproduction or utilization of this work in any form or by any electronic, mech anical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including xerography, photocopying, and recording, and in any information stor age and retrieval system is forbidden without the written permission of the publisher. TABLE OE' CONTENTS Page Number Preface iv New York Barrier Island Chain: Introduction to the New York Barrier Island Chain NY- 2 Barrier Island (Unnamed) NY- 5 Fire Island NY-10 Jones Beach Island NY-16 Long Beach Island NY-20 Background Information for Nassau County NY-24 Background Information for Suffolk County NY-25 New Jersey Barrier Island Chain: Introduction to the New Jersey Barrier Island Chain NJ- 2 Sandy Hook Peninsula NJ- 5 Barnegat -
Fire Island—Historical Background
Chapter 1 Fire Island—Historical Background Brief Overview of Fire Island History Fire Island has been the location for a wide variety of historical events integral to the development of the Long Island region and the nation. Much of Fire Island’s history remains shrouded in mystery and fable, including the precise date at which the barrier beach island was formed and the origin of the name “Fire Island.” What documentation does exist, however, tells an interesting tale of Fire Island’s progression from “Shells to Hotels,” a phrase coined by one author to describe the island’s evo- lution from an Indian hotbed of wampum production to a major summer resort in the twentieth century.1 Throughout its history Fire Island has contributed to some of the nation’s most important historical episodes, including the development of the whaling industry, piracy, the slave trade, and rumrunning. More recently Fire Island, home to the Fire Island National Seashore, exemplifies the late twentieth-century’s interest in preserving natural resources and making them available for public use. The Name. It is generally believed that Fire Island received its name from the inlet that cuts through the barrier and connects the Great South Bay to the ocean. The name Fire Island Inlet is seen on maps dating from the nineteenth century before it was attributed to the barrier island. On September 15, 1789, Henry Smith of Boston sold a piece of property to several Brookhaven residents through a deed that stated the property ran from “the Head of Long Cove to Huntting -
Long Island South Shore Estuary Reserve Coordinated Water Resources Monitoring Strategy Long Island SOUTH SHORE ESTUARY RESERVE
Long Island South Shore Estuary Reserve Coordinated Water Resources Monitoring Strategy New York Suffolk Nassau Long Island SOUTH SHORE ESTUARY RESERVE Open-File Report 2017–1161 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover. The Long Island South Shore Estuary Reserve (orange) stretches west to east from the Nassau-Queens county line to the town of Southampton. South to north, it extends from mean high tide on the ocean side of the barrier islands to the inland limits of the watersheds that drain into the bays. Image courtesy of the New York State Department of State Office of Planning, Development and Community Infrastructure. Long Island South Shore Estuary Reserve Coordinated Water Resources Monitoring Strategy By Shawn C. Fisher, Robert J. Welk, and Jason S. Finkelstein Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of State Office of Planning, Development and Community Infrastructure and the South Shore Estuary Reserve Office Open-File Report 2017–1161 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior RYAN K. ZINKE, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey James F. Reilly II, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2018 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment—visit https://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit https://store.usgs.gov. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. -
County of Suffolk
COUNTY OF SUFFOLK STEVE LEVY SUFFOLK COUNTY EXECUTIVE It is with great pleasure that I present the frnal recommendations of the Great South Bay (GSB) Hard Clam Restoration Working Group. This report contains the long term management recommendations for hard clam restoration in the Great South Bay. During late 2008 I initiated the formation of the GSa Hard Clam Restoration Working Group. This group was charged with making recommendations for interim and long term hard clam management. The ultimate goal of the Working Group was to provide recommendations for a sustainable hard clam fishery in the GSa for the benefrt of all Suffolk County. Interim management recommendations were adopted by each of the three GSa Towns for 2011. These interim measures are slated to expire at the end of this year. The following report contains the long term recommendations from the working group to the three GSB Towns as we move ahead into 2012. In 2005, with funding from the Suffolk County Water Quality Protection and Restoration Program, Comell Cooperative Extension and Long Island University began the largest bay scallop restoration effort ever attempted in the United States. These restoration efforts have contributed to a huge increase in scallop populations. LtU and Comell scientists documented a 5,000% increase in scallop populations in Orient Harbor. Last year's Peconic bay scallop fishery was the highest it has been in 17 years. The paragraph above describes the success we have seen in the bay scallop restoration effort. Suffolk County has also contributed to the efforts of the Nature Conservancy and the Towns to increase the stocking of adult clams in the GSB and to develop a management plan for the future. -
Fire Island Light Station
Form No. 10-306 (Rev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM FOR FEDERAL PROPERTIES SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES--COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS NAME HISTORIC Fire Island Light Station _NOT FOR PUBLICATION CITY. TOWN Bay Shore 0.1. STATE CODE COUNTY CODE New York 36 Suffolk HCLASSIFICATION CATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS PRESENT USE _ DISTRICT -XPUBLIC OCCUPIED —AGRICULTURE —MUSEUM _ BUILDING(S) ^.PRIVATE X.UNOCCUPIED —COMMERCIAL XPARK _XSTRUCTURE —BOTH —WORK IN PROGRESS —EDUCATIONAL —PRIVATE RESIDENCE —SITE PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE —ENTERTAINMENT —RELIGIOUS —OBJECT _ IN PROCESS iLYES: RESTRICTED —GOVERNMENT —SCIENTIFIC —BEING CONSIDERED —YES: UNRESTRICTED —INDUSTRIAL —TRANSPORTATION —NO —MILITARY —OTHER: AGENCY REGIONAL HEADQUARTERS: (If applicable) National Park Service, Morth Atlantic Region STREET & NUMBER 15 State Street CITY. TOWN STATE VICINITY OF Massachusetts COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF DEEDSETC. Land Acquisition Division, National Park Service, North Atlantic CITY. TOWN STATE Boston, Massachusetts TITLE U.S. Coast Guard, 3d Dist., "Fire Island Station Annex" Civil Plot Plan 03-5523 DATE 18 June 1975, revised 8-7-80 .^FEDERAL —STATE —COUNTY —LOCAL DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS- Nationa-| park Service, North Atlantic Regional Office CITY, TOWN CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK ONE —EXCELLENT _DETERIORATED —UNALTERED X-ORIGINAL SITE —GOOD _RUINS . X-ALTERED —MOVED DATE_____ X.FAIR _UNEXPOSED DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE The Fire Island Light Station is situated 5 miles east of the western end of Fire Island, a barrier island off the southern coast of Long Island. It consists of a lighthouse and an adjacent keeper's quarters sitting on a raised terrace. -
Great South Bay Ecosystem-Based Management Plan
Great South Bay Ecosystem-based Management Plan Prepared by The Nature Conservancy, Long Island Chapter Prepared for The New York State Department of State with funds provided by the Environmental Protection Fund 2008 Draft Final 2012 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Great South Bay (GSB) on the South Shore of Long Island is teeming with life, but it is also degraded compared to historical conditions. Conservation and management measures are needed to preserve and restore the health of the bay. The Long Island Chapter of the Nature Conservancy (TNC), under contract to the New York State Department of State (DOS), developed this Ecosystem-based Management (EBM) Plan for Great South Bay. Ecosystem-based Management is a management approach that considers the entire ecosystem, including humans. It promotes ecosystem viability and integrity, biodiversity, sustainability, and social values and principles. TNC’s analysis relies on choosing a set of ecological surrogates, representative species, and groups of species, or habitat types that can represent the ecological status of the biodiversity in Great South Bay. For each surrogate, specific measurable objectives are developed that describe the intended ecological state of Great South Bay with respect to each surrogate. The measurable objectives are achieved through the implementation of strategic actions and action steps described in the plan. Overarching objectives and strategic actions are also developed to address water quality, global climate change, and education. The surrogates chosen to represent the GSB ecosystem in the plan are: Hard clams Salt marshes Seagrass meadows Barrier island complex Predatory fishes Winter flounder Alewives Piping plovers Horseshoe crabs This report was originally drafted in 2008 followed by an update in 2012 to each surrogate’s current status, strategic actions and action steps. -
Appendix H 1. References Used for Chapter Iv 2
APPENDIX H 1. REFERENCES USED FOR CHAPTER IV 2. EARLY COORDINATION REQUIREMENTS 3. PROGRAMMATIC SECTION 4(f) EVALUATION 3b. COORIDINATION WITH OFFICIALS HAVING JURISDICTION OVER SECTION 4(f) SOURCES 4. COASTAL ASSESSMENT FORM AND POLICY ANALYSIS 5. NEPA CHECKLIST 6. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE CORRESPONDENCE 7. INVASIVE SPECIES APPENDIX H.1 –REFERENCES USED FOR CHAPTER IV ~oo~ i ~, G5 55 i 1W is ~ Cl bY d1~ Q)IWllluaiiy donI_tele! by OI!W or 1i19f'Il; ap:de.$ ~ edmtb6 w ~~ L~tioIua' &I~ ] b/;mplu; Fire SeeAbore. Suffolk 5hJICed trees. C!laraacristic ioch&dc Col,&.ftly; Nb~e 8~ suncuc COlmty. beach-plum (~ILI mantlm«)p ~ (RG1's lIlpilJ). 'i!li!d rose (It ~A&). btI)bcny So~u; An 19'6; ~DaOlJ!. 1985; Significant (Myrka~). 085tCZQ 1:'ed oot1v (Iunipuus Ha'j)jut Unif Silo. vilPJOlfJlNl). llbiaiDs; allllDM (Nllu eopJlllIPlum). poisoiJ i1#y (TDziC<NU1'IdIoIr ~). black chctty I (PruI'lW 300dn4). hiBb~ b~(~ JL G. ~ rjunes: lllj Q)\'lmllllulty dominaaed by l:~bomm). Amencu holly (f!Arz ~). ISDd ] ~ ~ bel low ghm~ that CCUIn OD active aQd sbadbusb (A,"d~lIchier C/Jlltldeflsi.s). stabilized dimes lIIlong the. ~ aJaSt. This Qaraderistir:: biIdrJ iKIwk great egret ccmmWLil)' a!ft:;.is15 0 lit llIJGUlic or vegetBlioa (Ouwt,fOdius e./buJ) IUSd bIKk-a~d lI1igbl Pitches. Tills ~..... ,... ............. beroft (Nyeticona IJ)II:dcDfWr). we!! as sand ~ l3ad d'!~ rmsr-- The ~ ud ~ of «he ~. ~ d~ seawMi or a~ Coutel ~tlltion is vaiiablct~ 0& RaWflt,y of the LowIamd! 1CCOZCI1le. dwaell, -.moWlfS of ~011 ud erosion" ami diwma: rl/'D8lll t ocem. Cbal"'adcNtile RtRM.· v4 S4 lipoda of abo activls: wbcR ~ lDoYO~g is 8r~(c.:.\I, include, bcacbg'lW (A.JwG'nOphilfJi Examp'e: Fare 1daPd,. -
Carmans, Patchogue, and Swan Rivers
Estuaries and Coasts: J CERF DOI 10.1007/s12237-007-9010-y Temporal and Spatial Variations in Water Quality on New York South Shore Estuary Tributaries: Carmans, Patchogue, and Swan Rivers Lori Zaikowski & Kevin T. McDonnell & Robert F. Rockwell & Fred Rispoli Received: 9 April 2007 /Revised: 23 August 2007 /Accepted: 14 September 2007 # Coastal and Estuarine Research Federation 2007 Abstract The chemical and biological impacts of anthro- magnitude higher than SR and CR sediments. Benthic pogenic physical modifications (i.e., channelization, dredg- invertebrate assessment of species richness, biotic index, ing, bulkhead, and jetty construction) to tributaries were and Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera richness assessed on New York’s Long Island South Shore Estuary. indicated that PR was severely impacted, SR ranged from Water-quality data collected on Carmans, Patchogue, and slightly to severely impacted, and CR ranged from non- Swan Rivers from 1997 to 2005 indicate no significant impacted to slightly impacted. Diversity and abundance of differences in nutrient levels, temperature, or pH among the plankton were comparable on SR and CR, and were rivers, but significant differences in light transmittance, significantly higher than on PR. The data indicate that dissolved oxygen (DO), salinity, and sediments were nutrients do not play a major role in hypoxia in these observed. Patchogue River (PR) and Swan River (SR) were estuarine tributaries but that physical forces dominate. The significantly more saline than Carmans River (CR), PR and narrow inlets, channelization, and abrupt changes in depth SR had less light transmittance than CR, and both exhibited near the inlets of PR and SR foster hypoxic conditions by severe warm season hypoxia. -
5. Appendix D
Long Island Duck Farm History and Ecosystem Restoration Opportunities Suffolk County, Long Island, New York February 2009 US Army Corps of Engineers Suffolk County, NY New York District APPENDIX D APPENDIX D Duck Farm Industry and Impacts Report prepared by Suffolk County Department of Planning H. Lee Dennison Building - 4th Floor 100 Veterans Memorial Highway P.O. Box 6100 Hauppauge, New York 11788 DeWitt S. Davies, Ph.D. Chief Environmental Analyst Duck Farm Industry Impacts on the Environment Introduction As documented in the historical overview section, the duck farm industry in Suffolk County was an extremely intensive land use along stream and bay shorelines. Inventory work by the Department of Planning indicates that approximately 2,000 acres of upland property and almost 20 miles of shoreline along freshwater creeks/rivers and estuary tributaries – primarily in the Towns of Brookhaven, Riverhead and Southampton – were utilized during the last century in Suffolk County for duck production. The impacts of duck farming were dramatic, both on-site and off-site. Extensive landform alterations were made to construct animal pens, feed lots and swim ponds, which were often located in or directly adjacent to streams/coves of the bays. Waste effluent discharges from the farms created thick organic matter deposits, degraded water quality and altered phytoplankton and benthic population in near-by surface waters. Duck Farms – An Intensive Land Use The significance of the impacts is reflected by the magnitude of the industry and the waste load generated. Effluent waste loadings from the farms in the form of suspended solids, nutrients and coliform bacteria were huge, especially prior to the required use of treatment technology under water pollution control laws. -
The Baymen of the Great South Bay, New York; a Preliminary Ecological
The Baymen of the Great South Bay, New 'Ilosk of life may have to be abandoned (extinction for other species). A Preliminary Ecological Profile An ecological profile defines the fishermen's unique lifestyle and cultural re- quirements and thenconsiders them as predators on fish or shellfish, as competi- tors with each other and other species, and subjected to environmental variabili- Jeffrey Kassner ty. It shows therefore how the fishermen function within their environment and Town of Brookhaven, Division of Environmental Protection how they respond to it. The advantage to the ecological profile is that it high- lights the various interactions and constraints, ensuring that all relevant factors impacting the fishermen are considered. It is a comprehensive assessment and ABSTRACTEcology is the study of the interactions among organisms and their environ- does not consider fishermen in isolation. ment. Various theories and concepts taken from ecology, for example, optimal foraging the- The Great South Bay is an embayment located on the south shore of Long ory, have been used in theanthropological study of fishermen. While this approach canpro- Island, New York. The bay supports a significant commercial fishery for the vide useful insights, it removes the fishermen from their environment so that potentially hard clam (Mereenaria mereenaria) which is harvested by fishermen, known lo- significant factors may be taken out of context or omitted. An ecological profileof a fisher- cally as baymen or clam diggers, who are self-employed and work individually men population would present a more comprehensiveecological study, examining theecolog- from small boats (less than 10 m) on open access public bay bottom using hand ical processes of predation, competition and adaptation from the perspective of the fisher- operated rakes and tongs. -
Distances Between United States Ports 2019 (13Th) Edition
Distances Between United States Ports 2019 (13th) Edition T OF EN CO M M T M R E A R P C E E D U N A I C T I E R D E S M T A ATES OF U.S. Department of Commerce Wilbur L. Ross, Jr., Secretary of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) RDML Timothy Gallaudet., Ph.D., USN Ret., Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere and Acting Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere National Ocean Service Nicole R. LeBoeuf, Deputy Assistant Administrator for Ocean Services and Coastal Zone Management Cover image courtesy of Megan Greenaway—Great Salt Pond, Block Island, RI III Preface Distances Between United States Ports is published by the Office of Coast Survey, National Ocean Service (NOS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), pursuant to the Act of 6 August 1947 (33 U.S.C. 883a and b), and the Act of 22 October 1968 (44 U.S.C. 1310). Distances Between United States Ports contains distances from a port of the United States to other ports in the United States, and from a port in the Great Lakes in the United States to Canadian ports in the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River. Distances Between Ports, Publication 151, is published by National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) and distributed by NOS. NGA Pub. 151 is international in scope and lists distances from foreign port to foreign port and from foreign port to major U.S. ports. The two publications, Distances Between United States Ports and Distances Between Ports, complement each other. -
Revised Draft Subwatersheds Wastewater Plan Executive Summary
REVISED DRAFT SUBWATERSHEDS WASTEWATER PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY “We are in a county that will no longer allow our water quality crisis to go unaddressed, but will come together to Reclaim Our Water” Suffolk County Executive Steve Bellone 2014 State of the County Suffolk County Department of Health Services August 2019 This document was prepared with funding provided by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation as part of the Long Island Nitrogen Action Plan and by New York State Department of State under the Environmental Protection Fund. Subwatersheds Wastewater Plan • Executive Summary Table of Contents Executive Summary ......................................................................................................... 5 1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 5 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 1.2 Wastewater Management in Suffolk County ........................................................................................ 7 1.3 Innovative/Alternative Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems ................................................ 9 1.4 Sewage Treatment Plants and Sewering ............................................................................................ 13 1.4.1 Sewer Expansion Projects ..........................................................................................................