RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, STATE

Public Disclosure Authorized

RURAL ACCESS AND AGRICULTURAL MARKETING PROJECT (RAAMP), (World Bank Assisted)

Public Disclosure Authorized RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP)

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF THE 19KM Public Disclosure Authorized LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ACCESS ROAD IN BAUCHI STATE

Bauchi State Project Implementation Unit (SPIU)

Rural Access and Agricultural Marketing Project (RAAMP)

Public Disclosure Authorized

OCTOBER, 2019.

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

Table of Contents

LIST OF TABLES ...... v

LIST OF FIGURES ...... vi

DEFINITIONS ...... vii

ABBREVIATIONS ...... ix

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... x

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ...... 15 OVERVIEW ...... 15 BACKGROUND UNDERSTANDING ...... 15 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE RAP ...... 15 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE PREPARATION OF THIS RAP ...... 15 RAP METHODOLOGY ...... 16 Literature and Policy/Legal Review ...... 16 Investigation and Data Collection ...... 16 Analysis of Social Data ...... 16 RAP preparation ...... 17

CHAPTER TWO: DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT, COMPONENTS AND LOCATION ...... 18 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 18 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT STATE...... 19

CHAPTER THREE: IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT IMPACTS ...... 20 COMPONENT ENTAILING LAND ACQUISITION/INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT ...... 20 DESCRIPTION OF THE SUB PROJECT LOCATION ...... 20 IMPACT REDUCTION MEASURES UNDERTAKEN ...... 22

CHAPTER FOUR: RESETTLEMENT OBJECTIVES, COVERAGE AND PREPARATION ...... 24

CHAPTER FIVE: CENSUS AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY ...... 26 CENSUS CUT-OFF DATE ...... 26 SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE CONDITIONS OF PROJECT AFFECTED PERSONS (PAPs)...... 26 SETTLEMENT AND GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE ...... 27 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES...... 27 SOCIAL AMENITIES IN THE AREA ...... 28 GENDER AND AGE OF PROJECT AFFECTED PERSONS ...... 28 RELIGION AND LENGTH OF STAY WITHIN THE COMMUNITY...... 28 HOUSEHOLD SIZE ...... 29 OCCUPATION ...... 29 AVERAGE INCOME ...... 29 CHAPTER SIX: POLICY, LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ...... 30 ii

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE THE 1999 CONSTITUTION OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF ...... 30 National Land Policy ...... 30 National Social Protection Policy ...... 30 NATIONAL GENDER POLICY ...... 30 Land Use Act Cap L5, LFN 2004 and Resettlement Procedures ...... 31 INTERNATIONAL LAWS, PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES ...... 31 Differences between Nigerian Law and OP 4.12 ...... 32

CHAPTER SEVEN: INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND ARRANGEMENTS ...... 34 ORGANISATIONAL ARRANGEMENT ...... 34

CHAPTER EIGHT: ELIGIBILITY AND ENTITLEMENT ...... 38 OVERVIEW ...... 38 DEFINITION OF PAPs ...... 38 ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA ...... 38 PROOF OF ELIGIBILITY ...... 39 CUT-OFF DATE ...... 39 ENTITLEMENT ...... 39 PAPs WITH LOSS OF ECONOMIC TREES ...... 40

CHAPTER NINE: VALUATION ...... 42 VALUATION METHODOLOGY FOR COMPENSATION ...... 42 Full Replacement Cost Method ...... 42 VALUATION METHODS FOR CATEGORIES OF IMPACTED ASSETS ...... 42 Replacement Cost for Land ...... 42 Replacement Cost and Damage & Loss Assessment Methodology...... 42 VALUATION OF LAND ...... 44

CHAPTER TEN: COMPENSATION AND IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ...... 45 PAYMENT OF COMPENSATION ...... 45 INVENTORY OF AFFECTED ASSETS/STRUCTURES IN THE PROJECT AREA ...... 46

CHAPTER ELEVEN: STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION ...... 47 INTRODUCTION ...... 47 STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT ...... 47 Choice and Right ...... 48 CONCERNS AND RESOLUTIONS ...... 48

CHAPTER TWELVE: GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISMS ...... 50 INTRODUCTION ...... 50 THE NEED FOR GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM (GRM) ...... 50 Grievance Redress Process ...... 50 Grievance Redress Committee ...... 52 Expectation When Grievances Arise ...... 52 Management of Reported Grievances ...... 52 MONITORING COMPLAINTS ...... 53 CHAPTER THIRTEEN: IMPLEMENTATION TIMETABLE AND BUDGET ...... 54 iii

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE TRAINING AND CAPACITY NEEDS ...... 54 Resettlement Implementation and Linkages to Civil Works ...... 56

CHAPTER FOURTEEN: MONITORING AND EVALUATION ...... 57 INTERNAL MONITORING ...... 57 EXTERNAL/INDEPENDENT MONITORING ...... 57 MONITORING INDICATORS ...... 57

REFERENCES ...... 59

ANNEX 1: LIST OF PAPs AND THEIR COMPENSATION ...... 60

ANNEX 2: COST DERIVATION TABLE FOR AFFECTED PROPERTY ...... 62

ANNEX 3: COST DERIVATION TABLE FOR AFFECTED CASH CROPS/ECONOMIC TREES ...... 64

ANNEX 4: TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 66

ANNEX 6: CONSUTATION ATTENDANCE LIST ...... 72

ANNEX 7: MINUTES OF STAKEHOLDERS MEETING ...... 90

ANNEX 8: MONITORING INDICATORS FOR PERFORMANCE OF RAP INCOME RESTORATION . 93

ANNEX 9: STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION PICTURES ...... 94

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1: DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES, ASSET CATEGORIES AND MAGNITUDE OF IMPACTS ...... 20 TABLE 2: ACCESS ROAD TO BE REHABILITATED AND COMMUNITIES WITH IDENTIFIED PAPS ...... 21 TABLE 3: ZONE OF IMPACT ...... 21 TABLE 4: CENSUS LIST OF PAP’S AT BAUCHI PRIORITIZED ROAD ...... 26 TABLE 5: SECTIONS OF ACCESS ROAD TO BE REHABILITATED AND COMMUNITIES WITH IDENTIFIED PAPS ...... 26 TABLE 6: SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF THE PAPS ...... 27 TABLE 7: COMPARISON OF NIGERIAN LEGISLATION AND WORLD BANK RESETTLEMENT POLICY ...... 32 TABLE 8: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RAP ...... 34 TABLE 9: ENTITLEMENTS MATRIX FOR PAPS ...... 40 TABLE 10: LIST OF IMPACTED ECONOMIC TREES AND COMPENSATION COST ...... 40 TABLE 11: MARKET SURVEY RESULT: 24TH /07/2019, MUDA LAWAL MARKET BAUCHI ...... 43 TABLE 12: MARKET SURVEY FOR CROPS/ECONOMIC TREES: 24TH /07/2019, WUNTI MARKET BAUCHI ...... 44 TABLE 13: SUMMARY OF COMPENSATION FOR LOSS OF ASSETS ...... 46 TABLE 14: SUMMARY OF COMPENSATION FOR LOSS OF ECONOMIC TREES AND CROPS ...... 46 TABLE 16: CONCERNS/OBSERVATION AND THE RESPONSE GIVEN TO THE STAKEHOLDERS ...... 48 TABLE 17: GRIEVANCE PROCEDURES STEPS ...... 51 TABLE 18: SHOW THE INDICATIVE TIMETABLE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE RAP...... 54 TABLE 19: SHOWS THE TRAINING NEEDS FOR THE RESPONSIBLE INSTITUTIONS ...... 54 TABLE 20: BUDGET ESTIMATE FOR RAP IMPLEMENTING ...... 55 TABLE 21: MONITORING INDICATORS ...... 57

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1: MAP SHOWING THE LOCATION OF THE PROJECT AREA ...... 21 FIGURE 2: A FARMER ON HIS FARMLAND ALONG THE PROJECT ROUTE IN LUDA ...... 27 FIGURE 3: MAIZE FARM AT LEKKA COMM. ALONG PROJECT ROUTE ...... 27 FIGURE 5: CONSULTATION AT LEKKA COMMUNITY ...... 49 FIGURE 6: CONSULTATION AT LEKKA COMMUNITY ...... 49 FIGURE 7: CONSULTATION AT LUDA COMMUNITY ...... 49 FIGURE 8: CONSULTATION AT LUDA COMMUNITY ...... 49 FIGURE 9: CONSULTATION WITH THE VILLAGE HEAD IN LIMAN KATARGUN ...... 49 FIGURE 10: PICTURES OF CONSULTATION MEETING ...... 49 FIGURE 11: FLOW CHART FOR GRIEVANCE REDRESS STEPS ...... 53 FIGURE 11: RESETTLEMENT TASKS/SCHEDULE FOR THE RAP IMPLEMENTATION AND LINKAGE TO CIVIL WORK ... 56

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE DEFINITIONS

DEFINITIONS Children: all persons under the age of 18 years according to international regulatory standard (convention on the rights of child 2012). Community: A group of individuals’ boarder than households, who identify themselves as a common unit due to recognized social, religious, economic and traditional government ties or shared locality. Compensation: payment in cash or in kind for an asset or resource acquired or affected by the project. Cut-Off-Date: the date of completion of inventory of losses and census of project affected persons. Economic Displacement: A loss of productive assets or usage rights or livelihood capacities because such assets/rights/capacities are located in the project area. Entitlement: The compensation offered by RAP, including; financial compensation; the right to participate in livelihood enhancement programs; housing sites and infrastructure; transport and temporary housing allowance; and, other short term provisions required to move from one site to another. Head of Household: the eldest member of the core family in the household, for the purpose of the project. Household: a group of persons living together who share the same cooking and eating facilities, and form a basic socio-economic and decision making unit. One or more households often occupy a homestead. Involuntary Resettlement: resettlement without the informed consent of the displaced persons or if they give their consent, it is without having the power to refuse resettlement. Lost Income Opportunities: lost income opportunities refers to compensation to project affected persons for loss of business income, business hours/time due to project. Operational Policy 4.12: Describes the basic principles and procedures for resettling, compensating or at least assisting involuntary displace persons to improve or at least restore their standards of living after alternatives for avoiding displacement is not feasible. Physical Displacement: A loss of residential structures and related non-residential structures and physical assets because such structures/assets are located in the project area. Private Property Owner: Persons who have legal title to structures, land or other assets and are accordingly entitled to compensation under the Land Act. Project Affected Community: A community that is adversely affected by the project. Project Affected Person (PAP): Any person who, as a result of the project, loses the right to own, use or otherwise benefit from a built structure, land (residential, agricultural, or pasture), annual or perennial crops and trees, or any other fixed or moveable asset, either in full or in part, permanently or temporarily. Rehabilitation: The restoration of the PAPs resource capacity to continue with productive activities or lifestyles at a level higher or at least equal to that before the project. Relocation: A compensation process through which physically displaced households are provided with a one-time lump-sum compensation payment for their existing residential structures and move from the area. Relocation Cost: The amount of cash compensation and/or assistance suffices to replace lost assets and cover transaction costs, without taking into account depreciation or salvage value. Resettlement Action Plan (RAP): Documented procedures and the actions a project proponent will take to mitigate adverse effects, compensate losses, and provide development benefits to persons and communities affected by a project.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE Resettlement Assistance: Support provided to people who are physically displaced by a project. This may include transportation, food, shelter, and social services that are provided to affected people during their resettlement. Assistance may also include cash allowances that compensate affected people for the inconvenience associated with resettlement and defray the expenses of a transition to a new locale, such as moving expenses and lost work days. Resettlement: A compensation process through which physically displaced household’s area provided with replacement plots and residential structures at one of two designated resettlement villages in the district. Resettlement includes initiatives to restore and improve the living standards of those being resettled. Squatters: Squatters are landless household squatting within the public/private land for residential and business purposes. Vulnerable groups: People who by their mental or physical disadvantage will be economically worse impacted by project activities than others. They include; female headed households, persons with disability, at-risk children, persons with HIV-AIDS and elderly household heads of 60 years and above

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE ABBREVIATIONS

AFDB African Development Bank FPMU Federal Project Management Unit GIS Geographical Information System GPS Global Positioning System LGA Local Government Area NEEDS National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy NPIRD National Policy on Integrated Rural Development NPRTT National Policy on Rural Travel and Transport NTP National Transport Policy PAPs Project Affected Persons PMU Project Management Unit RAAMP Rural Access and Agricultural Marketing Project RAP Resettlement Action Plan RTTP Rural Travel and Transport Policy SEEDS State Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy SPIU State Project Implementation Unit WB World Bank WHO World Health Organization SEA Sexual Exploitation and Abuse GBV Gender Based Violence CIS Construction Information Service NGN Nigerian Naira TCII Technical College OND Ordinary National Diploma

UNITS OF MEASURE 1 ha Hectare 2 m Meter 3 m2 Squared meter 4 m3 Meter Cube 5 km Kilometer 6 km2 Squared kilometer 7 t Ton 8 yr Year

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

ES 1 Background An improved rural access will enhance the agricultural potentials and marketing opportunities for the agrarian rural communities in the project area and, by extension, help in the improvement of livelihoods of the rural population. The project will be supported with financing from the World Bank and the French Development Agency (AFD) and will be guided by the Government’s Rural Travel and Transport Policy (RTTP). The total financial outlay of RAAMP is US$ 475m. Contributions from the World Bank, AFD and the participating state governments are US$180m (38 percent), US$ 236m (50 percent) and US$ 59m (12 percent) respectively. The project includes 4 components, namely: Component A: Improvement of Rural Access and Trading Infrastructure Component B. Asset Management, Agro-logistics Performance Enhancement and Sector Reform. Component C. Institutional Development, Project Management and Risk Mitigation. Component D: Contingent Emergency Response This Resettlement Action Plan will identify the project affected persons (PAPs),

ES 2 Project Description The rehabilitation of the prioritized 19km rural road would involve engineering works such as, site clearing, mobilization of equipment; removal of top soil, dewatering, earth works, excavation, drainage structure and facilities, earth filing, road surfacing (either with gravel or low-cost surfacing with bituminous sealing) and any other ancillary works etc. In addition to strengthening the existing carriage way, the project would improve the geometric deficiencies including the improvement of all intersections. The proposed improvement aims at improving the riding quality, improving journey speed and enhancing the durability of the rural access road project. The design of the project considered an alignment of 8m RoW which is consistent with the existing road and will minimize the impact on assets along the RoW. The PAPs based on the project design are 21 in number.

ES 3 Objectives of the RAP The aim of preparing a RAP is to identify and assess the direct socio-economic risks of the proposed civil works and provide measures to assist PAPs in line with the World Bank’s policy on Involuntary Resettlement and the relevant Nigeria policies and laws. The RAP outlines management processes for resettling and compensating the Project Affected Persons (PAPs). The goal is to implement resettlement activities as a sustainable development initiative in line with World Bank Policy and the relevant Nigeria policies and laws.

Specifically, the RAP is designed to: • identify the full range of people affected by the project, and justify their displacement after consideration of alternatives that would minimize or avoid displacement; • prepare an Action Plan to be implemented to properly resettle and compensate affected people and communities in line with World Bank Policy and Nigeria policies and laws; • to ensure a fair and transparent process of compensation and resettlement; • to ensure a sound mitigation plan for those who will temporarily or permanently lose structures, farm land or assets as a result of the project; • provide mechanism for redressing and resolving all grievances; and • develop a social monitoring plan under the projects to ensure that all social issues are managed effectively.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE ES 4 Justification for the Preparation of this RAP The Policy of the World Bank is to ensure that persons involuntarily resettled due to the taking of land in the context of a project supported by the Bank have an opportunity to restore or improve their level of living to at least the pre-project level. Project affected people should participate in the benefits of the project and they should be given options regarding how they restore or improve their prior level of living. In the RAAMP project, it is not sufficient for communities to passively accept project work and the impacts of these works rather, they must be mobilized to contribute actively to project implementation and to maintain the works after implementation. This feature underscores the need for accurate analysis of local social organization and or environment.

ES 5 RAP Methodology The preparation of the RAP commenced with literature review of the Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF), legal documents, scientific literature, Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) and other documents listed in the reference section of this document. Subsequently, the RAP was conducted through; investigation and data collection, consultations with a number of key stakeholders at the state and local levels, review of design access route study report presented to the PIU and other stakeholders’ for comments, preliminary survey and reconnaissance of the proposed access route; census of PAPs and asset inventory of households, private community assets and properties affected by the proposed road rehabilitation. Enumeration forms were used to assess the PAPs and their assets through a census exercise. Data and information gathering on the field was geo-referenced using GPS for ease of location.

ES 6 Policy, Legal and Regulatory Framework This RAP was prepared in line with the applicable laws- Land Use Act Cap L5, LFN 2004 and the Involuntary Resettlement Policy- Operational Policy OP 4.12 of the World Bank. Specifically, the RAP preparation was in line with the provisions of the Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF). While the policy of the World Bank supports compensation and assistance of PAPs irrespective of whether they have legal right to the land being occupied or not, the law of the Nigerian government only compensates people with legitimate land title. Hence, where there are gaps between the Land Use ACT Cap L5, LFN 2004 and the World Bank Policy (OP 4.12), in regard to compensation of PAPs, the World Bank’s Policy will apply.

ES 7 Description of the Project of the Area Bauchi state is located between latitudes 9° 3' and 12° 3' north of the equator. Longitudinally, the state lies between 8° 50' and 11° east of the Greenwich meridian. The state is bordered by seven states, and Jigawa to the north, Taraba and Plateau to the south, Gombe and Yobe to the east and Kaduna to the west. According to the 2006 census, the state has a population of 4,653,066, while the World Bank population growth rate for Nigeria in 2016 is 2.619. The state currently has estimated population of 6,237,295 people.

ES 8 Identification of Project Impacts and Project Affected Persons Though impacts involving involuntary displacement are anticipated in some parts of the access road right of way (ROW). Consequently, efforts were made in line with the policy of the project RPF to avoid and reduce impacts.

Impact Reduction Measures Undertaken With the identification of adverse negative impacts, re-alignment will be carried out to minimize the negative impacts on people and assets, while selection of the existing route and reduction of road width will be given due consideration, where necessary. However, where impacts avoidance will affect the integrity of the work, consultations were carried out with stakeholders and potential affected persons to ensure appropriate mitigation measures are identified. xi

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

ES 9 Positive Impacts of the project This project has numerous positive impacts if well implemented. These will include: • creation of job opportunities for women and youths; • improved quality of life through productivity and access to market as a result of the road upgrade/construction; • creation of social and economic network in the form of registered cooperatives that better harness business; and • Financial opportunities.

Other benefits include short traveling time, reduction in the cost of transportation, reduction in accidents and increased income to families and communities, etc. However, focus here is more on the adverse impacts which must be mitigated to ensure project sustainability

ES 10 Negative Impact of the Project Extensive land take is not envisaged. Impact anticipated will mostly be economic displacements involving only 10 economic trees (Boaboa, Desert date, Goriba, Neem and Locust beans), 4 farm crops (Soya Beans, Maize), 2 make-shift structures and 10 walls/fence of some buildings.

Impacted Assets

Location Impacted Properties Total number of Farm Crops Trees Open shop Structures Impacted assets by extension location Liman Katagum _ 1 2 4 7 Lekka _ 4 _ 4 8 Luda 4 5 _ 2 11 Total 4 10 2 10 26

Eligibility The census carried out has enabled the identification of those affected and eligible for assistance and the nature of assistance. Persons who are residing within the 19km priority roads corridor and fall under the eligibility criteria stated in OP 4.12 paragraph 15(a), (b) and (c) shall be considered as PAPs and will be eligible for compensation and resettlement assistance under this RAP. Valuation of and compensation for losses Land acquisition is not anticipated in this RAAMP project and as such relocation may not be carried out. Therefore, valuation of assets for this project is mostly concerned with compensation of permanent/immoveable and temporal/moveable assets to be displaced and the income restoration or loss of income by PAPs due to the project. However, valuation for land will be considered where land is acquired outside the ROW. Full Replacement Cost Method The Full Replacement Cost Method, which is used in estimating the value of the property/structure, is based on the assumption that the capital value of an existing development can be equated to the cost of reinstating the development on the same plot at the current labour, material and other incidental costs. The estimated value represents the cost of the property as if new. The method of valuation has been communicated to and dialogued with the PAPs during consultations. xii

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

ES 11 Compensation of PAPs PAPs entitlements will be promptly disclosed to them and information of their compensation packages and compensated or resettled in accordance with the entitlement matrix/budget plan established in this RAP prior to the commencement of civil works.

ES 12 Community Consultation Public Consultation provides an opportunity to inform PAPs and stakeholders on the planned development, and get their feedback and concerns. Views of PAPs’ were fully taken into account during the preparation of this Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) and shall continue to form a basis for further engagement in the implementation of the proposed access road rehabilitation project. A total of 21 PAPs, all male, attended the consultation(s). Major concerns expressed by PAPs are aspects related to: i) compensation and resettlement assistances, ii) the timing of civil works commencement, iii) timing of information flow, iv) method of compensation payments and fairness, v) arrangements for disputes resolution, vi) need to laisse with traditional and religious leaders and, vii) employment opportunity with the project for local youth. The SPIU and facilitators have responded to these concerns and PAPs have expressed satisfaction at the end of the consultation. Table 16, page 48 presented the full range of concerns raised and response given to PAPs.

ES 13 Grievance Redress Mechanisms Disputes and grievances are expected in the project. It is envisaged that some of the project affected persons are likely to feel inadequately treated during the implementation of this RAP. In this regard, a well-structured and culturally appropriate Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) has been developed. The grievance redress mechanism is aimed at reducing problems during implementation.

ES 14 Timetable for the Resettlement Action Plan Cut – off Date The cut-off date for the census is 18thAugust 2019. The cut-off-date was announced on the July 24, 2019. This date was communicated to the communities including PAPs during the community consultations.

Training and Capacity Needs The implementation of this RAP shall require that personnel and stakeholders possess the appropriate capacity. This capacity building plan has been taken into consideration in Table 15 (Livelihood Enhancement and Community Empowerment Program) in this report based on the capacity assessment of the Community Conflict/Grievance Redress Committee as well as the community representatives and PAPs.

ES 15 RAP Implementation Budget The estimated cost for implementation of the RAP is put at Seven Million, Nine Hundred and Forty- Three Thousand, Seven Hundred and Ninety-Seven Naira (N7,943,797).

Rap Implementation Budget Item Indicative Costing in Naira Cost estimate in USD (N) Compensation Structures 5,333,344 14,774

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE Open shop 120,000 332 extension Crops & Economic Trees 60,579 168 Sub total 5,513,924 15,274 Capacity Building &Training/institutional 200,000 554 strengthening Additional GRM 200,000 554 Mitigation management implementation Consultation 100,000 277 Monitoring and Evaluation/ Logistics (25 % 1,378,481 3,819 of RAP Compensation) Sub total 1,878,481 5,204 Contingency (10% of RAP compensation 551,392 1,527 budget) Total @ N361 per 1US dollar 7,943,797 22,005

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

OVERVIEW

The Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) has initiated the preparation of the Rural Access and Agricultural Marketing Project (RAAMP), the successor of the Second Rural Access and Mobility Project (RAMP-2). The project will be supported with financing from the World Bank and the French Development Agency (AFD) and will be guided by the Government’s Rural Travel and Transport Policy (RTTP). The lead agency for the Federal Government is the Federal Department of Rural Development (FDRD) of the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD). The Federal Project Management Unit (FPMU) is overseeing the project on behalf of FDRD, while the respective state government of thirteen (13) participating states will implement it.

The overall objective of RAAMP is to improve rural access and agricultural marketing in selected participating states while strengthening the financing and institutional base for effective development, maintenance and management of the rural road networks. The participating states are; six northern states (Kano, Katsina, Sokoto, Kebbi, Bauchi and Plateau) and seven southern states (Abia, Akwa Ibom, Kogi, Ogun, Oyo, Kwara and Ondo).

BACKGROUND UNDERSTANDING

An improved rural access will enhance the agricultural potentials and marketing opportunities for the agrarian rural communities in the project area and, by extension, help in the improvement of livelihoods of the rural population. As part of its activities in Bauchi state, the Bauchi State Project Implementation Unit (SPIU) of Rural Access and Agricultural Marketing Project (RAAMP) has selected Liman Katagum – Luda – Lekka road with 19 km as the priority road out of the 500km prioritized under the Project.

The rehabilitation of the prioritized rural road would entail engineering works including site clearing, mobilization of equipment; removal of topsoil, earth works, excavation, drainage structure and facilities, earth filing, road surfacing etc. These activities could result in Environmental and Social impacts thus, triggering the World Bank’s Safeguard Policies including Environmental Assessment OP 4.01, Natural Habitats OP 4.04, Physical and Cultural Resources OP 4.11 and Involuntary Resettlement OP 4.12. Thus the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) is being prepared to address issues arising from Involuntary Resettlement policies.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE RAP

The aim of the RAP is to identify and assess the human impact of the proposed works at the Liman Katagum – Luda – Lekka road in Bauchi state and to prepare an Action Plan to be implemented in coordination with the civil works in line with World Bank Policy and Nigeria policies and laws to ensure that the Project affected persons (PAPs) are adequately compensated. The goal is to implement Resettlement activities as a sustainable development initiative in line with World Bank Policy and Nigeria policies and laws.

JUSTIFICATION FOR THE PREPARATION OF THIS RAP

The Policy of the World Bank is to ensure that persons involuntarily resettled due to the taking of land in the context of a project supported by the Bank have an opportunity to restore or improve their level of living to at least the pre-project level. Project affected people should participate in the benefits of the 15

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE project and they should be given options regarding how they restore or improve their prior level of living. In the RAAMP project, it is not sufficient for communities to passively accept project work and the impacts of these works rather they must be mobilized to contribute actively to project implementation and to maintain the works after implementation. This feature underscores the need for accurate analysis of local social organization and or environment.

Experience has shown that involuntary resettlement can cause loss of income, assets, and community ties, especially among the poor, that can be essential for survival and well-being. In extreme cases, involuntary resettlement can lead to the dissolution of families, impoverishment and health problems. Although majority of the rehabilitation works will occur within the ROW for public facilities, involuntary resettlement is triggered according to OP4.12 of the World Bank because the impacts of the sub-projects might cause persons and communities to be economically worse off and may fuel crises in the project area, which could render the project unsustainable. This Resettlement Action Plan will identify the project affected persons (PAPs), engage them in participatory discussions regarding the plan and the formulation of a plan of action to adequately identify and compensate those who are affected.

RAP METHODOLOGY

The approach adopted for the RAP was in accordance with the applicable World Bank safeguard policies, Nigerian guidelines/laws and Terms of Reference (ToR). The methodology essentially entails Literature Review/Desktop Studies, Baseline Studies, Public Consultations and Preparation of RAP as outlined in the sections below.

Literature and Policy/Legal Review

Literature review was conducted by reviewing the Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF), Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) and the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP), the Project Appraisal Document project related maps and proposed design route for the project area to better understand the project route. Develop data gathering Instrument and Checklist in preparation for detailed field survey and Initial Consultation.

Investigation and Data Collection

Reconnaissance Survey/visits to sites commence definitive field investigation, socioeconomic survey of activities on the sites, census of affected properties and assets, consultation and focus group discussions. This included interactions with government authorities at the state and local government level (Bauchi LGA), traditional leaders in all the communities, representatives of groups e.g. Community Based Organization (CBO) and with Project Affected Persons (PAPs). Census of the project sites in relation to number of various features affected, affected structures, displaced persons, infrastructural facilities affected valuation, data entry and processing. Consultations were held on 23rdJuly 2019 and on the 16th August 2019 with PAPs and stakeholders in the project area to provide them with an understanding of the project, and the process of the RAP implementation. Their views and concerns are documented in Chapter 11 of this report. Relevant socio-economic data of PAPs were also collected during the survey conducted.

Analysis of Social Data

Assess data from the field instrument against the checklist, census and asset inventory assets/ cut-off date, calculation of compensation rates/values, findings from analysis.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE RAP preparation

Develop entitlement matrix and eligibility criteria for compensation, Design mitigation and management plans, Development of RAP Implementation process and Schedule.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

CHAPTER TWO: DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT, COMPONENTS AND LOCATION

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) has initiated the preparation of the Rural Access and Agricultural Marketing Project (RAAMP) in 13 States of Nigeria including Bauchi state; with credit from World Bank and the French Development Agency (AFD). The lead agency for the Federal Government is the Federal Department of Rural Development (FDRD) of the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD). The Federal Project Management Unit (FPMU) is overseeing the project on behalf of FDRD, while implementation in Bauchi state is under the State Project Implementation Unit (SPIU) under the Ministry of Cooperation and Rural Development. The project development objective of the RAAMP is to improve rural access and agricultural marketing in selected participating states, whilst strengthening the financing and institutional base for rural and state road network sustainability.

Project Components The project includes 4 components as presented below: Components Sub-components Component A: Improvement of Rural Access Sub-component A1 involves: and Trading Infrastructure (US$272 million • rural roads upgrading • construction of cross-drainage structures • improvement of 65 numbers of agro-logistics centers Sub-component A.2 involves: • design, procurement and consultancy supervision support to sub-component A.1 activities Component B: Sector Reform, Asset • Sub-component B.1 involves other civil works Management and Agro-logistics (Road Maintenance and Spot Improvement of Performance Enhancement (US$208 million rural roads). • Sub-component B.2 involves support to agro- logistics activities. • Sub-component B.3: Consultancies Studies and Supervision. Component C: Institutional Development, • The component involves technical and material Project Management and Risk Mitigation support for the rural transport and agro-logistics (US$72 million capacity building including: finance (a) goods, logistics and project related operating costs, technical assistance and advisory support, training and study tours, monitoring, project impact evaluation & comprehensive technical audit and risk mitigation & resiliency related technical assistance Component D: Contingent Emergency • This component is expected to support affected Response (US$0 million) rural transport and trading infrastructure affected by the natural disaster in participating states.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

Beneficiaries of RAAMP in Bauchi state will include crop farmers, poultry and livestock farmers, agro product processors, transporters and community people that the road will provide access to their farms, market and other social service centers.

Bauchi RAAMP is providing 500 km length access road in Bauchi, , , Ningi, , Dambam, Katagum, Ita-Gadau Zaki , , , Shira,Toro, Dass and LGAs in Bauachi state. However, this RAP focuses on the 19km pilot road in Liman Katagum – Luda – Lekka road with 19 km under the sub project.

The rehabilitation of the prioritized 19km rural road would entail engineering works including site clearing, mobilization of equipment; removal of topsoil, earth works, excavation, drainage structure and facilities, earth filing, road surfacing etc. These activities could result in Environmental and Social impacts and triggered the World Bank’s Safeguard Policies including Environmental Assessment OP 4.01, Natural Habitats OP 4.04, Physical and Cultural Resources OP 4.11 and Involuntary Resettlement OP 4.12.

Following the preparation of the relevant safeguards instrument, site specific screening exercises were carried out in the 19 km roads. The outcome of the screening exercise indicated that OP4.12 is applicable to these roads. Given that OP 4.12 is applicable to these roads, this Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) is prepared to address direct social and economic risks and impacts associated with land acquisition while advancing component 1 civil work activities.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT STATE

Bauchi state is located between latitudes 9° 3' and 12° 3' north of the equator. Longitudinally, the state lies between 8° 50' and 11° east of the Greenwich meridian. The state is bordered by seven states, Kano and Jigawa to the north, Taraba and Plateau to the south, Gombe and Yobe to the east and Kaduna to the west. According to the 2006 census, the state has a population of 4,653,066, while the World Bank population growth rate for Nigeria in 2016 is 2.619; the state currently has estimated population of 6,237,295.

Bauchi State consists of twenty (20) Local Government Areas (LGAs) and the selected rural road falls within Bauchi LGA. Bauchi State occupies a total land area of 49,119 km2 (18,965 sq mi) representing about 5.3% of Nigeria’s total land mass.

Bauchi State has a total of 55 tribal groups in which Gerawa, Sayawa, Jarawa, Kirfawa, Turawa Bolewa, Karekare, Kanuri, Fa'awa, Butawa, Warjawa, Zulawa, Boyawa MBadawa, Hausa and Fulani are the main tribes. This means that they have backgrounds, occupational patterns, beliefs and many other things that form part of the existence of the people of the state.

There are cultural similarities in the people's language, occupational practices, festivals, dress and there is a high degree of ethnic interaction especially in marriage and economic existence. Some of the ethnic groups have joking relationships that exist between them, e.g. Fulani and Kanuri, Jarawa and Sayawa, etc.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

CHAPTER THREE: IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT IMPACTS

COMPONENT ENTAILING LAND ACQUISITION/INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT

The 19km rehabilitation activities, under Component A: Improvement of Rural Access and Trading Infrastructure (Sub-component A.1: Major Civil Works), will impact 10 structures and 10 crops and economic trees. These structured and economic trees are located within the existing and along the ROW. Farmers, shops, tenants, landlords and traders along the 19km corridor will be impacted. While the magnitude of impacts are determined to be minimal, proportional social and economic risks and impacts mitigation measures are incorporated in this RAP.

As provided in table 1 below extensive land take is not envisaged as impact anticipated will mostly be economic displacement involving only economic trees, crops, make-shift structures. A total of 21 PAPs will be impacted with assets ranging from 8 economic trees, 2 crops, 2 open shops extensions and 10 walls and fence of some structures.

Table 1: Description of Project Activities, Asset Categories and Magnitude of Impacts Civil Impact Activities/civil works Assets categories to be Number Magnitude of Works locations generating impacts on affected of PAPs impac ts on each within the livelihoods asset category. project corridor Rehabilitati Liman Katagum The rehabilitation of the Structures and shops. 11 10-structures, on of 19km of existing road 2- Open shops Liman will cause the loss of extension Katagum- income and assets Luda-Lekka 19km road Rehabilitati Luda The rehabilitation of the Crops , & economic 10 2- farm Crops 8- on of 19km of existing road trees economic trees Liman will cause the loss of Katagum- income and assets Luda-Lekka 19km road

DESCRIPTION OF THE SUB PROJECT LOCATION

The sub project area is located between latitudes 09° 56' and 10° 40' north of the equator, and latitude 9° 46’00 and 9° 54’00 east of the Greenwich meridian. The location is in Bauchi LGA and lies to the southern part of the Local Government Area, which is about 36km south of the metropolis; the area is bordered by Tafawa Balewa LGA in the south and Bauchi Metropolis in the north. The terrain gently slopes from the surrounding high ridges at distance and flattens towards the communities and villages in the study area.

The existing road is a rural road; a section of the road was graded and asphalted in the past but has been degraded, while other sections remain of the road are earth road but was once graded.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

Figure 1: Map Showing the Location of the Project Area

Table 2: Access Road to be Rehabilitated and Communities with Identified PAPs ROAD SECTION PAPs COMMUNITIES CORDINATES N/E LIMAN KATUM 7 LIMAN KATAGUM 100 00’41.1’’ 0090 46’41.3’’ 0km to 5.6km 1 UNGUAN MALLAM 100 00’25.8’’ 0090 47’14.6’’ LUDA 1 HAMMA DADA 100 00’59.6’’ 0090 49’28.2’’ 5.7km to 13.9km 1 YELWAN BARAYA 100 01’06.3’’ 0090 50’49.4’’ 4 LUDA 100 02’40.3’’ 0090 52’18.0’’ LEKKA 2 UNGUAN MAKAMA 100 03’17.5’’ 0090 51’36.6’’ 14km to 19km 5 LEKKA 100 03’41.6’’ 0090 50’20.3’’

Table 3: Zone of Impact LGA ROAD CORDINATES PAPs COMMUNITIES AMENITIES SECTION N/E

0km to 100 00’41.1’’ 0090 46’41.3’’ 7 LIMAN KATAGUM Electricity, Schools,

I 5.6km PHC, Borehole Water 100 00’25.8’’ 0090 47’14.6’’ 1 UNGUAN Schools, Borehole water

BAUCH MALLAM 100 00’59.6’’ 0090 49’28.2’’ 1 HAMMA DADA Schools, Borehole water 21

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE LGA ROAD CORDINATES PAPs COMMUNITIES AMENITIES SECTION N/E 5.7km to 100 01’06.3’’ 0090 50’49.4’’ 1 YELWAN BARAYA 13.9km 100 02’40.3’’ 0090 52’18.0’’ 4 LUDA Electricity Schools, PHC, Borehole water 14km to 100 03’17.5’’ 0090 51’36.6’’ 2 UNGUAN Borehole water 19km MAKAMA 100 03’41.6’’ 0090 50’20.3’’ 5 LEKKA Electricity, Borehole water, Schools, PHC

IMPACT REDUCTION MEASURES UNDERTAKEN

Sticking to the existing route alignment was prioritized in other to avoid or reduce the negative impacts on people and their assets. The existing route has a width of about 6-8m at some section, and 10m at other section; while 10m width was maintained in the design route, a reduction of road width to 8m was also given consideration where necessary. However; where the design has impacted on assets, consultations with stakeholders and PAPs and valuation of impacted assets were carried out to ensure appropriate mitigation measures such as replacement or compensation. The measures undertaken towards mitigation are; as follows and includes setback of 1 to 2m depending on the design in relation to the location. 1. Maintaining the alignment of the previous road to avoid major damage 2. Preserving access to farms 3. Ensuring adequate notice/notification for potential blockages of routes and access. 4. Create alternative access 5. Create awareness and conduct pre-construction meetings to inform road users about temporary changes in access routes. 6. The public will receive prior notification of temporary disruptions to access and be agreed with the SPIU & Contractor 7. Prior to commencing work, the Contractor will prepare Traffic Management Plan which will detail how traffic delays, the occasional need for temporary road closure and the use of diversionary routes will be managed 8. The communities residing along the road corridor were sensitized through stakeholder engagement and awareness campaign.

Mechanism established to minimize resettlement To minimize negative impact on PAPs and resettlement issue; the following mechanisms have been taken into consideration in this project:

i. Ensure as much as possible that the contractor follow the engineering design for the road intervention which aligns with the existing RoW of the road. The setback for access and buffer on the corridors were made known to the stakeholders, the minimum standard for rural road under this project is 6m for sections that would not involve the construction of drainage structure, while sections requiring drainage structure is 9m width and another 3m for access clearance making a total of 12m width required as the RoW; ii. Consultation was held with the PAPs/farmers on when construction activities within the project corridor will commence. This was to give the PAPs opportunity to harvest mature crops along the

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE RoW before the beginning of civil works. Based on this, encroachers/PAPs whose crops will mature and be harvested before the start of civil works will not be adversely affected. iii. RAAMP will entrench a clause in the civil work contract that the contractor will restrict its activities within the alignment and shall not clear vegetation or displace persons who occupy land outside the 10m width established in the design. Similarly, Bauchi subprojects will monitor the implementation phase of the project to ensure that the contractor adheres to good industry practices which minimizes resettlement.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE CHAPTER FOUR: RESETTLEMENT OBJECTIVES, COVERAGE AND PREPARATION

Objective this RAP is to design and implement social and economic impacts mitigation measures resulted from land acquisition to advance the project objective. The ultimate objective of this resettlement plan is achieving the policy objectives and principles of OP 4.12 which require Bank financed projects should: • avoid where possible involuntary resettlement or minimize exploring all possible project design, • where it is not feasible to avoid resettlement, resettlement activities should be conceived and executed as development program, providing enough investment resources to enable the PAPs to share project benefits, • PAPs should be meaningful consulted and should have the opportunity to participate in the planning and implementation of the resettlement intervention, • PAPs should be assisted in their efforts to improve their livelihoods and standard of living or least to restore them, in real term, to pre-project level

Activities under component 1 are expected to require land for advancing the project development objective. Land acquisitions associated with the component 1 activities are likely to have direct social and economic impacts on PAPs. And that require the preparation and implementation of RAP with the aim of; i) identifying and assess the direct social and economic risks associated with in the corridor of the proposed 19km roads rehabilitation works and, ii) prepare social and economic impacts mitigation measures to assists PAPs restore their livelihoods to pre-project level and if possible better in line with World Bank Policy on involuntary resettlement and the relevant Nigeria policies and laws. If component 1 negative impacts are not mitigated properly, Project Affected Persons (PAPs) will face difficult economic, social, and environmental risks. Thus, this RAP is designed to mitigate those unavoidable risks and adverse impacts on PAPs and their livelihoods.

Where it is not feasible to avoid resettlement in the 19km of the selected roads, this RAP conceives and execute resettlement activities as sustainable development intervention. Its compensation and resettlement budget provide enough investment resources to enable the PAPs to share in project benefits. It has provided and will continue to provide platform for PAPs1 to be meaningfully consulted throughout the project cycle and shall afford them the opportunity to participate in planning and implementing resettlement programs.

This RAP provided resettlement assistance to PAPs to assist them in their efforts to improve their livelihoods and standards of living or at least to restore them, in real terms, to pre-project levels or to levels prevailing prior to the beginning of project implementation, whichever is higher2.

Rap Scope and Impact Coverage This RAP covers the direct economic and social impacts3 that both result from component 1 activities and are caused by: (a) The involuntary taking of land resulting in: (i) relocation or loss of shelter, (ii) loss of assets or access to assets or (iii)loss of income sources or means of livelihood, whether or not the affected persons must move to another location, or

1 The term “Project Affected Persons (PAPs)” refers to persons who are affected in any of the ways described in para. 3, of OP 4.12 2 Paragraph 3(b) of OP 4.12 stated that PAPs should be assisted in their efforts to improve or restore their livelihoods. 3 Where there are adverse indirect social or economic impacts, it is good practice for the MP/IIU to undertake a social assessment and implement measures to minimize and mitigate adverse economic and social impacts, particularly upon poor and vulnerable groups. Other environmental, social, and economic impacts that do not result from land taking may be identified and addressed through environmental assessments and other SECRAMP reports and instruments. 24

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE (b) The involuntary restriction of access4 to legally designated parks and protected areas resulting in adverse impacts on the livelihoods of the displaced persons. Project activities resulting in involuntary resettlement that in the judgment of the Bank, are (i) directly and significantly related to the project, (ii) necessary to achieve project objectives as set forth in the project documents and, (iii) carried out, or planned to be carried out, contemporaneously with the project.

RAP Preparation Measures. The preparation of this RAP was guided by the RPF and includes: (a) Measures to ensure that the PAPs are: • Informed about their options and rights pertaining to resettlement, • Consulted on, offered choices among, and provided with technically and economically feasible resettlement alternatives, • Provided prompt and effective compensation at full replacement cost5 for loss of assets6 attributable directly to the project, • Offered support for a transition period based on reasonable estimate of the time7 likely needed to restore their livelihood and standards of living8. • Provided with development assistance in addition to compensation measures described in paragraph 6(a) (iii) of the OP4.12, such as land preparation, credit facilities, training, or job opportunities.

4 For the purposes of this policy, involuntary restriction of access covers restrictions on the use of resources imposed on people living outside the park or protected area, or on those who continue living inside the park or protected area during and after project implementation. In cases where new parks and protected areas are created as part of the project, persons who lose shelter, land, or other assets are covered under para. 3(a). Persons who lose shelter in existing parks and protected areas are also covered under para.3(a). 5"Replacement cost" is the method of valuation of assets that helps determine the amount sufficient to replace lost assets and cover transaction costs. In applying this method of valuation, depreciation of structures and assets should not be taken into account (for a detailed definition of replacement cost, see Annex A, footnote 1). For losses that cannot easily be valued or compensated for in monetary terms (e.g., access to public services, customers, and suppliers; or to fishing, grazing, or forest areas), attempts are made to establish access to equivalent and culturally acceptable resources and earning opportunities. Where domestic law does not meet the standard of compensation at full replacement cost, compensation under domestic law is supplemented by additional measures necessary to meet the replacement cost standard. Such additional assistance is distinct from resettlement assistance to be provided under other clauses of para. 6.If the residual of the asset being taken is not economically viable, compensation and other resettlement assistance are provided as if the entire asset had been taken. The alternative assets are provided with adequate tenure arrangements. The cost of alternative residential housing, housing sites, business premises, and agricultural sites to be provided can be set off against all or part of the compensation payable for the corresponding asset lost. 6 If the residual of the asset being taken is not economically viable, compensation and other resettlement assistance are provided as if the entire asset had been taken. 7Reasonable time to restore livelihood and standards of living shall be determined in consultation with PAPs during the consultation process 8 Such support could take the form of short-term jobs, subsistence support, salary maintenance or similar arrangements 25

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE CHAPTER FIVE: CENSUS AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY

The objective of the census was to identify and determine the number of the project affected persons (PAPs), their assets, and the potential impacts of component 1 activities. The socio economic survey conducted identified the project area as a communities populated mainly by natives of the area having similar cultural affiliation. The census was conducted on 26th July, 2019 and concluded on the 18th August, 2019 which mark the cut-off date.

The outcome of the census indicated a total of 21 PAP’s, (male: 21; Female: 0, being the owners of items/structures/economic trees captured during the census/inventory in the communities. This is shown in Table 4 below.

Table 4: Census List of PAP’s at Bauchi Prioritized Road S/N Road Name PAP’s 1 Liman Katagum-Luda-Lekka 19km Road 21

CENSUS CUT-OFF DATE

The census cut-off date refers to the date of completion of the census and assets inventory of persons that will be affected by the project. People occupying the area after the cut-off date are not eligible for compensation and/or resettlement assistance. Similarly, fixed assets, fruit trees etc., established after the date of completion of the census will not be compensated.

During the initial consultations with all the relevant stakeholders, it was announced that census of inventory will be taken. Details of the census process and the cut-off date of 18th August, 2019 were declared during the general initial public consultation that took place on July 23th and 24st 2019 at the District Head palace at Liman katagum. Since the Census will focus on the PAPs and the extent of impact, the exercise commenced as soon as detailed design was made available.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE CONDITIONS OF PROJECT AFFECTED PERSONS (PAPs)

The PAPs comprises of a total of twenty-one persons (21) as indicated in table 5 below with different social and economic background, which determines their type and way of life, standards of living and economic or purchasing power.

Table 5: Sections of Access Road to be Rehabilitated and Communities with Identified PAPs ROAD SECTION PAPs COMMUNITIES CORDINATES LIMAN KATUM 7 LIMAN KATAGUM 100 00’41.1’’ 0090 46’41.3’’ 0km to 5.6km 1 UNGUAN MALLAM 100 00’25.8’’ 0090 47’14.6’’ LUDA 1 HAMMA DADA 100 00’59.6’’ 0090 49’28.2’’ 5.7km to 13.9km 1 YELWAN BARAYA 100 01’06.3’’ 0090 50’49.4’’ 4 LUDA 100 02’40.3’’ 0090 52’18.0’’ LEKKA 2 UNGUAN MAKAMA 100 03’17.5’’ 0090 51’36.6’’ 14km to 19km 5 KEKKA 100 03’41.6’’ 0090 50’20.3’’ 21

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE SETTLEMENT AND GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE

The settlement patterns are mostly linear. Several of the communities have houses made of clay/mud materials. The Fulani’s and Hausa’s are the dominant ethnic group in Liman Katagum, Hamma Dada, while in the Luda Yelwa Baraya, Ungwan Makama and Lekka the Bankalanchi tribes are the dominant ethnic group. At the village level, they have a well-established traditional leadership heritage known as village heads. Among the residents, the Emir is the apex traditional ruler but palace chiefs and Emirate council represent the Emir in the daily traditional governance in the communities.

ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES

The socioeconomic classification clearly shows that the PAPs impacted along the project route are largely farmers, few herders and Petty traders. In other words, the most frequent socio-economic activity among the people is farming, cattle rearing and petty trading in agricultural produce. At the time of the RAP preparation, several crops like , rice, sweet potatoes, soya beans and guinea corn are being planted, harvested and packed by the farmers. Largely, the PAPs are men are actively involved in the farming activities.

Figure 2: A farmer on his farmland along the Figure 3: Maize farm at Lekka comm. along project Project route in Luda route

Table 6 below provides the socio-economic assessment of the PAPs Table 6: Socio-economic assessment of the PAPs Item Categories Percentage (%) Overall Mean Sex Male 100 Female 0 Age of respondent Below 20 0% (0) 20-29 4% (1) 30-39 15% (3) 40-49 33% (7) 50-59 33% (7) 60 Above 15% (3) Length of time respondent lived Above 15yrs 0 From birth in community (in years) 10-15 0 5-10 0 From birth 100 Religion Muslim 100 Muslim 27

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE Item Categories Percentage (%) Overall Mean Christianity 0 Traditional 0 Marital Status Married 98 Married Single 1 Divorced 0 Educational Qualification FSLC 60 FSLC WASC/SSCE 20 TCII/OND 00 Islamic Studies 20 Occupation Civil Servants 2 Animal Husbandry 5 Farmers 78 Majority are Self Employed 5 Farmers Petty Traders 10 Household size 15 and above 21.7 10-15 and 5-9 10-15 32.4 5-9 32.4 1-4 13.5 Project perception by PAPs Above 60yrs 15 All Age group 50-59 33 embraced the 40-49 33 project in positive 30-39 15 manner 20-29 4 Preferred option for Monetary 85 compensation of PAPs Replacement 15 Resettlement 0

SOCIAL AMENITIES IN THE AREA

The area is in close proximity with Bauchi metropolis, with various social amenities such as; schools, health centres and portable drinking water through Borehole have been supplied to most part of the area. Prominent features noticed include electric poles and residential buildings, Public Health Centres, and schools. Most of the buildings are made of earth materials for the walls and zinc for the roofing with very few being made of concrete and aluminum roofing.

GENDER AND AGE OF PROJECT AFFECTED PERSONS

The PAPs comprise of 21 male (100%) persons and fall within different age groups. People in age group of 30-39 years are 25%, 40-49 years, are 35%, 50-59 years are 20%, and while above 60 years are 15%. The Age distribution of the PAPs shows those severely affected are between the age bracket of 40-49 and 50-59 years, 35% and 23% respectively. This indicates a young, active and productive group of the labour population and opinion leaders being dominant along the project route. This group is fit and active in their various economic engagements on the project route.

RELIGION AND LENGTH OF STAY WITHIN THE COMMUNITY

All the Project Affected Persons are Muslims and have lived in the communities all their lives.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE HOUSEHOLD SIZE

Most of the respondents or PAPs are heads of household (90%), the sizes of their household differ greatly. Majority of the respondents within the project route have more than one wife with an average of 6 – 15 children. The number of years of marriage varies considerably and is a factor; averagely those with one wife have between 4-5 children, this represent 14% of the respondents. While 22% have family sizes between 10 – 22, 64% has family size ranging between 10-15 persons.

OCCUPATION

The PAPs engage in various occupations. 85% are farmers and another 5% engaged in Animal Husbandry, while 10% are petty traders. The occupation analysis of the PAPs show that majority are farmers (85%), 5% are into Animal Husbandry, while 10% are petty traders. The people reside around the project route and largely own the farmland land they cultivate. Ownership is either by inheritance or acquisition. Farming activities is extensive in the area during the raining season. The farmers cultivate during the dry season but not as extensive as in the raining season.

AVERAGE INCOME

Agriculture is the main source of income for the PAPs. It was also evident that income varies with the size of land occupied by a PAP from information gathered. The current price of farm produce in the area have increased the income of the PAPs, a bag of maize is presently at N6, 000, compared to what it was in 2017 (N4000).

The average monthly income of PAPs range between N 6000 and N 300, 000. 15% of the PAPs age 30- 39year earned between N60,000-N120,000, 33% was recorded to have earned between the range of N120,000-N300,000, 15% age 60 above earn between N6,000-N90,000 from their engagements while another 33% earned N300,000 and above.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE CHAPTER SIX: POLICY, LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

THE 1999 CONSTITUTION OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA

Property ownership is guaranteed alongside other fundamental human rights like freedom of speech, association, and movement. Specifically, Sections 43 of the constitution confers the right to acquire immovable property by citizens and Section 44 reserves government’s power of eminent domain and prescribes how this power is to be exercised by the government. Section 44 (1) provides that “no moveable property or any interest in an immovable property shall be taken possession of compulsorily and no right over or interest in any such property shall be acquired compulsorily in any part of Nigeria except in the manner and for the purposes prescribed by a law that, among other things: (a) requires the prompt payment of compensation therefore and (b) gives to any person claiming such compensation a right of access for the determination of his interest in the property and the amount of compensation to a court of law or tribunal or body having jurisdiction in that part of Nigeria.

This implies that non-compliance in respect to the manner (process), purposes recognized by law, and is met with promptitude in the payment of compensation and allowing claimant unfettered access to property being taken to ascertain claims and /or reserves affected persons to adjudicate on quantum of compensation would void an otherwise valid acquisition or resettlement. The basic land tenure law which is the Land Use Act Cap L5, LFN 2004 operationalizes the provisions of Section 44 of the Constitution.

National Land Policy

All lands belong to the Government, which is held in trust on behalf of the people by the Governor of a State. The administration of urban land is directly under the control and management of the Governor; whereas non – urban land is under the control and management of the Local Government Area. The Governor grants Statutory Rights of Occupancy to all lands. Local Government has the right to grant Customary Rights of Occupancy over non-urban lands. The Governor also have the power to revoke both Statutory and Customary rights to land for the overriding public interest. In doing so, the Act requires that compensation be paid to the current holder or occupier with equal value. The Act also requires the State or Local Government to provide alternative land for affected people who will lose farmlands and alternative residential plots for people who will lose their houses in lieu of monetary compensation. The legal basis for land acquisition and resettlement in Nigeria is the Land Use Act Cap L5, LFN 2004, According to the Act, all lands in Nigeria is vested in the Governor of each State, to be held in trust for the use and common benefit of all people. Lands are further classified into urban and rural (non-urban) for administrative purposes.

National Social Protection Policy

The revised National policy on social protection was approved by the Federal Executive Council (FEC) in July 2017 to enhance social justice, equity and all-inclusive growth in the country. The framework seeks to achieve these using a transformative mechanism for mitigating poverty and unemployment in Nigeria.

NATIONAL GENDER POLICY

The policy seeks to promote gender equality and eliminate discrimination based on gender, ethnicity, religious beliefs, etc. The key policy areas are focused around 5 critical areas: i. Culture re-orientation and sensitization to change gender perceptions and stereotypes; ii. Promotion of women’s human rights and in particular focusing on sexual and gender based violence (SGBV) and in supporting new legislations and legal rights of women; 30

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE iii. Promoting the empowerment of women and integrating gender within key sectors as highlighted within the NGP – (Agriculture/Rural Development; Environment/Natural Resource; Gender and HIV/AIDS; Health and Reproductive Health/Rights; Education/Training; Labour/Employment); iv. Women’s political participation and engendered governance including gender and conflict management and v. Supporting institutional development including the use of ICT and building strategic partnerships, including identifying new partnerships with men’s organizations, faith-based organizations and traditional institutions.

Land Use Act of 1978 and Resettlement Procedures

The provisions of the Act vest every Parcel of Land in every State of the Federation in the Executive Governor of the State. He holds such parcel of land in trust for the people and government of the state. The Governor administers the land for the common good and benefits of all Nigerians. The law makes it lawful for the Governor to grant statutory rights of occupancy for all purposes; grant easements appurtenant to statutory rights of occupancy and to demand rent. The Statutory rights of Occupancy are for a definite time (the limit is 99 years) and may be granted subject to the terms of any contract made between the state Governor and the Holder.

The Local Government Councils may grant Customary Rights of Occupancy for agricultural (including grazing and ancillary activities), residential and other purposes. But the limit of such grant is 500hectares for agricultural purpose and 5,000 hectares for grazing except with the consent of the Governor. The LGA, under the Act is allowed to enter, uses and occupies for public purposes any land within its jurisdiction that does not fall within an area compulsorily acquired by the Government of the Federation or of relevant State; or subject to any laws relating to minerals or mineral oils. The State is required to establish an administrative system with specific responsibilities including managing the revocation of the rights of occupancy, and payment of compensation for the affected parties. So, the Land Use Act provides for the establishment of a Land Use and Allocation Committee in each State that determines disputes as to compensation payable for improvements on the land. (Section2 (2) (c)). Where a Right of occupancy is revoked on the grounds either that the land is required by the Local, State or Federal Government for public good, the holder and the occupier shall be entitled to compensation.

INTERNATIONAL LAWS, PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES

World Bank Safeguards Policy on Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12): Involuntary resettlement refers both to physical displacement (relocation or loss of shelter) and to economic displacement (loss of assets or access to assets that leads to loss of income sources or other means of livelihood) as a result of project- related land acquisition and/or restrictions on land use. The policy has the following objectives; • Minimize displacement • Treat resettlement as a development program • Provide affected people with opportunities for participation • Assist displaced persons in their efforts to improve their incomes and standards of living, or at least to restore them • Assist displaced people regardless of legality of tenure • Pay compensation for affected assets at replacement cost • Assistance to people referred to as special groups -women and children, very poor people, chronically ill or disabled, etc.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE Differences between Nigerian Law and OP 4.12

There are clear differences between OP 4.12 and Nigeria policy guidelines on (i) eligibility and valuation of compensations. Country legislature stops at compensation for lost assets, whereas the OP 4.12 goes further with measures to ensure that (i) Displaced people are not worse-off after displacement; (ii) Threatened livelihoods and coping strategies are strengthened; (iii) Incomes, ways of life and socio- cultural networks are restored; and (iv) Consultation and participation protocols allow displaced persons to enjoy greater benefit of voice and choice in the resettlement process etc.

These and other differences are elaborated in Table 7 below

Table 7: Comparison of Nigerian Legislation and World Bank Resettlement Policy

Resettlement Nigeria’s policy OP 4.12 Addressing the gaps aspect Land owners Cash compensation Recommends land-for-land The eligible PAPs will be based upon market compensation. Other compensated on replacement cost. value. compensation is at replacement cost. Land tenants Entitled to Are entitled to some form of Those with legal right on the land compensation based compensation whatever the legal are compensated and those upon the amount of recognition of their occupancy. without any form of rights on the rights they hold upon land but affected by the project as land. of the cut of date are given a form of compensation based on impacts. Owners of Cash compensation Entitled to in-kind compensation Entitled to in-kind compensation “Non- based on market value. or cash compensation at full or cash compensation at full permanent” and replacement cost including labour replacement cost including labour “permanent” and relocation expenses, prior to and relocation expenses, prior to buildings displacement. displacement. Encroachers and No compensations Entitled to compensation for Entitled to compensation for squatters. Illegal buildings, structures, installations buildings, structures, installations structures and improvements and other and improvements and other assistance measures assistance measures Consultation Silent Insists upon consultation and Insists upon consultation and informed participation of all informed participation of all affected persons throughout affected persons throughout resettlement process. resettlement process. Loss of Silent Provide assistance to offset the Provide assistance to offset the Access/Rights of loss of such resources to a loss of such resources to a Way community community Livelihoods Silent Compensation for loss of assets at Compensation for loss of assets at full replacement cost and other full replacement cost and other assistance to improve or at least assistance to improve or at least restore standards of living and restore standards of living and livelihoods. livelihoods.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE Communal Where land is owned Where land is collectively owned, Where land is collectively owned, resources by the community, the project is to offer land-based the project is to offer land-based compensation may be compensation where feasible compensation where feasible paid to the chief on Endeavour to offset the loss of Endeavour to offset the loss of behalf of the communal resources through communal resources through community or into a support for initiatives that support for initiatives that specially designated enhance the productivity of the enhance the productivity of the fund for the benefit of remaining resources, in-kind or remaining resources, in-kind or the community cash compensation for loss of cash compensation for loss of access, or provide access to access, or provide access to alternative sources of the lost alternative sources of the lost resource. resource. Resettlement Silent Affected persons provided with Affected persons provided with assistance assistance with movement, assistance with movement, transition support and to re- transition support and to re- establish access to lost resources. establish access to lost resources. Vulnerable Silent Provide relocation assistance Provide relocation assistance groups suited to the needs of each group suited to the needs of each group of displaced persons, with of displaced persons, with particular attention paid to the particular attention paid to the needs of the poor and the needs of the poor and the vulnerable. vulnerable. Grievance Land Use Act provides Requires the elaborate design of Requires the elaborate design of for establishment of a multiple orders of grievance multiple orders of grievance Land Use and redress mechanism, which redress mechanism, which Allocation Committee provides varied access to suit PAPs provides varied access to suit PAPs in each state to understanding and comfort for understanding and comfort for arbitrate dispute resolution promptly in an dispute resolution promptly in an compensation related impartial and transparent manner impartial and transparent manner. disputes. Either party Recognises judicial redress as the may seek judicial last option. redress in the courts.

The RAP will be aligned with the World Bank Operational Policy (OP 4.12) which indicates best practices to rehabilitation of livelihoods of people affected by the implementation of the project. Hence, where there are gaps between the Land Use Act (1978) and the World Bank Policy (OP 4.12), regarding compensation of PAPs, the legal provision or the policy that offers higher benefits to PAPs shall prevail.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE CHAPTER SEVEN: INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND ARRANGEMENTS

ORGANISATIONAL ARRANGEMENT

The implementation of this RAP shall require close collaboration among all the project stakeholders. The roles and responsibilities of all the various relevant stakeholders in the implementation and administration of the RAP are presented in Table 8 Table 8: Roles and Responsibilities for Implementation of the RAP S/N Category Role and Responsibilities 1 Bauchi State RAAMP SPIU • Develop and implement RAP and other safeguard instruments; • Drives activities of procurement, capacity building, service-provider mobilization, and monitoring; • Coordinates the many participating MDAs at State and Local Government levels; • Prepare a detailed action plan and time table for the day to day RAP implementation; • Organise the necessary training and capacity building measures for the unit itself and for other partner organisations and committees; • Establish all local level institutions and committees which will participate in the implementation of the RAP and provide them with the necessary training and capacity building measures; • Coordinates and undertake compensation activities in accordance with the principles and procedures specified in the RAP; • Implement the income restoration and social development program and projects in accordance with the principles and procedures specified in the RAP; • Ensure the systematic monitoring, review and evaluation of the RAP in accordance with the framework and guidelines provided in the RAP; • Monitor and take corrective actions and submit reports to the relevant higher bodies for timely action; • Implement the RAP including their involvement to redress complaints and internal monitoring; • Organise the necessary orientation and training for SPIU officials in consultation with communities; • Implement payment of compensation and other measures (relocation and rehabilitation entitlement) to PAPs in a timely manner • Ensure that progress reports are submitted to the World Bank regularly through the Bauchi SPMU. 2 Bauchi RAAMP Social • Initiates the implementation of the RAP; Safeguards Officer (SSO) • Reviews and approve contractor’s implementation plan for the social and livelihoods impacts mitigation measures (or mitigation and enhancement measures); • Liaises with the Contractors and SPIU on implementation of the RAP; 34

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE • Coordinates on behalf of SPIU day to day activities with the relevant line departments and oversee the implementation of RAP instrument, prepare compliance reports with statutory requirements, etc; • Monitors and supervises regularly the implementation of RAP; • Observe payment of compensation to PAPs; • Identifies and liaises with all relevant stakeholders for the RAP implementation • Responsible for the enforcement of all safeguard requirements and ensuring the sustainability of all RAP provisions. 3. Bauchi RAAMP Monitoring and • Develops the monitoring and evaluation protocol; Evaluation Officer (M&E) • Conducts monitoring of RAP implementation activities; • Provides early alert to redress any potential problems; • Monitors implementation of the RAP at the local and community levels; • Acts as liaison to BAUCHI-RAAMP SPIU, SMDAs and other organisations and groups working towards implementation of the Project and RAP; • Provides technical support to all stakeholders for the implementation of project and RAP; • Facilitates interaction and cooperation between all stakeholders to ensure smooth implementation of the project and RAP. • Monitors target achievements; • Identifies non-performance and take corrective actions. 4 Bauchi RAAMP SPMC • Review, update and approve work program and activities for the implementation of the RAP; • Review, update and approve operational guidelines of contractor’s work plans for and other agencies for implementation of the RAP; • Develop and supervise inter-agency/organisation collaborations for the smooth implementation of the RAP; • Provide technical support to all stakeholders necessary for smooth implementation of the RAP. 5. Bauchi State Ministry of Lands • Ensure compliance with existing regulatory provisions in and Survey, the matters of land acquisition and compensation payments; • Supervise and enforce full payment of compensation benefits to PAPs; • Make appropriate recommendations or inputs into the compensation payment process to ensure smooth implementation. Bauchi State Ministry of • Collaborate with BAUCHI-RAAMP SPIU to prepare Agriculture and approve work program and activities for the RAP; • Supervise and monitor implementation of the RAP;

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE • Make appropriate recommendations or inputs into the compensation payment process to ensure smooth implementation. 6. Local Government • Coordinates activities at the local level for Technical implementation of the RAP; Committee/Officers • Ensures appraisal of properties affected by the project and for which compensation is to be paid; • Coordinates sensitization and awareness campaigns at the local and community levels on the project and RAP; • Appoints a suitable Desk Officer for RAP information management Participates in grievance redress; 7. Bauchi State RAAMP • Responsible for supervision of compensation activities; Resettlement and • Carry out meetings regularly with all PAPs; Compensation • Provide all necessary information to PAPs regarding Implementation guidance value and basis for calculations to be used for Committee compensation payments; (RIC) • Carry out appraisal of PAPs and PAAs and finalize entitlements for each PAP; • Prepare detailed implementation plan (quarterly) and pay entitlements to PAPs; • Ensure efficient implementation of the RAP; • Ensure that all grievances related to the payment of compensation to PAPs and other stakeholders are promptly addressed in consultation with BAUCHI-RAAMP SPIU. 8. Community • Perform external monitoring functions to ensure Committees/Interest compliance with RAP provisions/requirements; Groups/Traditional • Support and assist in the mobilization of various relevant Authorities grass root interest groups and stakeholders. (NGOs/CBOs/CSOs) • Serve and support in the identification of genuine • PAPs for compensation payments; • Assist in resolving grievance of PAPs; • Provide support to PAPs during pre and post compensation payments. • Select livelihood opportunities to all PAPs and community interest groups. • Participate in the development approval and implementation of livelihood restoration activities and programs. • Mobilize and support all vulnerable groups particularly the aged widows, orphans and the disabled to get their compensation entitlements and livelihood support assistance; 9. Grievance Redress Committee • Publicize within the list of affected persons and the functioning of the grievance redress procedure established; • Evaluate grievances from affected persons concerning the application to them of the Entitlement Policy;

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE • Recommend to the Social Officer, PIU as the case may be, solutions to such grievances from affected persons; • Communicate the decisions to the Claimants; • Hear appeals from persons, households or groups who, not being affected persons, believe that they are qualified to be recognized as affected persons, to recommend to the PIU whether such persons should be recognized as affected persons, and to communicate the decision of the PIU in that regard to the Claimants; • Ensure that all notices, forms, and other documentation required by Claimants are made available in Local language understood by people • Made provision for complainants to submit claims without fear of retaliation. 10. The Contractor • Comply with relevant contract clauses on resettlement issues. • Establish good community relations. • Train the workforce, and avoid any form of discrimination in terms of gender, religion or tribe. • As much as possible employ the workforce from the project catchment area, and also make procurement therein. • Try to provide local infrastructure and services in the course of executing the project. • Ensure that workers and site staff are sensitive to the customs and way of life of the communities. • Promptly repair any damage to utility services or infrastructure of the community in implementation of the project. 11. PAPs • Receive compensation and move away from impact areas promptly • Coordinate with the survey team/Resettlement Committee in carefully checking and signing off their affected lands and other assets as well as their entitlements; • Make themselves available during census and participation in implementation; • Provide feedback on improving the quality of the RAP and suggesting solutions for its effective implementation and • Submit concerns through the right grievance redress channel.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE CHAPTER EIGHT: ELIGIBILITY AND ENTITLEMENT

OVERVIEW

The Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) of RAAMP provides guidelines and procedures for identifying eligible persons for compensation and various entitlements for varied categories. This section provides the definition of displaced persons and criteria for determining their eligibility for compensation and other resettlement assistance, including the cut-off date.

DEFINITION OF PAPs

The census carried out has enabled the project to identify potential PAPs to be affected by the project and who will be eligible for compensation and resettlement assistance. The 21 PAPs who are residing or owning properties within the 19km priority roads corridor falls under the eligibility criteria of OP 4.12 paragraph 15(a), (b) and (c) and shall be considered eligible for compensation and resettlement assistance under this RAP.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA

The eligibility criteria define the various categories of the displaced persons. Displaced persons may be classified in one of the following three groups: - Those who have formal legal rights to land (including customary and traditional rights recognized under the laws of the country; - Those who do not have formal legal rights to land at the time the census begun but have a claim to such land or assets provided that such claims are recognized under the laws of the country or become recognized through a process identified in the resettlement plans; and - Those who have no recognizable legal rights or claim to the land they are occupying

Those having legitimate rights shall receive assistance to regularize their status and shall be treated just as those having legal rights. Persons having no legal rights to land under law may not be compensated for the land they occupy but they are entitled to compensation for other assets (e.g. housing) and to receive assistance. In practice, this may mean that squatters and other non-legal occupants receive the same entitlement as those having legal rights

Tenants may be granted resettlement entitlements along with owners or they may be given a subsidy to find a new rental property. Entitlements shall include transitional support such as moving expenses, assistance with food and childcare during a move and other needed support. All PAPs irrespective of their status, whether they have formal titles, legal rights or not, squatters or otherwise encroaching illegally on land, are eligible for some kind of assistance if they occupied the project area before the cut-off date. Identified PAPs irrespective of their status either they have formal titles, legal rights or not, squatters or otherwise encroaching illegally on land and had occupied the area are eligible; were initially unavailable during the census and valuation would be re-visited to gather information with a view of ascertaining their eligibility status.

All persons residing, conducting activities or earning income within these project affected areas on the last day of inventory of loss, which is the cut-off date (August 18, 2019) will be entitled to compensation and resettlement assistance. To determine their eligibility, PAPs are classified as follows: ➢ Person who have formal right to land (including customary and traditional rights recognized under Nigerian law);

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE ➢ Persons with temporary or leased rights to use land; and Persons who do not have formal legal right to lands or other assets at the time of the census, but who have claim to such legal rights by virtue of occupation or use of those assets. ➢ Those who do not have the legal title to land but reside in the affected area before the cut-off-date will be compensated for properties such as houses and other investment on the land, but will not be compensated for the land. ➢ Those that are on the setback of 1-2 metres that will be displaced. ➢ Those whose income will be impaired. ➢ Those who need to carry out construction works due to either relocation or shifting backwards.

PROOF OF ELIGIBILITY

An identification mechanism has been developed as proof of eligibility for compensation of the PAPs. A list of PAPs and their compensation carrying their names, phone numbers, and photographs of their properties, GPS coordinates and special catalogue numbers is found in Annex 1. The list also highlights their socio-economic status and compensation costs. PAPs with no phone numbers shall be identified by their community leaders so long as the name being used for claim is one recognized in the census register and the catalogue containing the PAP Identity Card. Alternative means of proof of eligibility will include: affidavit signed by landlords and tenants for affected assets. Witnessing or evidence by recognized trade union heads, traditional authority, customary heads, community elders, family heads, elders and the general community.

CUT-OFF DATE

The cut-off date for determining eligibility for compensation and resettlement assistance was slated for 18th August 2019. This date was communicated to the communities including PAP’s during the community engagement, Focus Group Discussions and Stakeholder Consultation forum held as consultation meetings, following which the census of affected persons and inventory of their assets was carried out.

ENTITLEMENT

Procedure The basis of what is to be paid as compensation was determined in line with the World Bank’s OP4.12 which has been presented in the entitlement matrix presented below. The entitlement matrix in this RAP was designed to assist the process by bridging the gaps between requirements under Nigeria Law and the World Bank OP4.12. In comparison, in order to bridge the gap between both requirements under Nigeria Law and the World Bank OP4.12, it is emphasized that the more stringent should take precedence (the more beneficial to the project affected persons) should be adopted.

The table below provides an entitlement matrix for PAPs. The matrix shows specific and applicable categories of PAPs under this project and types of losses as well as entitlement plan for PAPs. The entitlement matrix therefore, is the basis for compensation budget, resettlement and income restoration measures to be administered by the proponent. The subsequent section further provides explanation of the entitlement matrix under eligibility criteria for entitlements.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

Table 9: Entitlements Matrix for PAPs Type of Loss Application Eligibility Criteria Compensation Entitlements Loss of PAPs losing Those whose Compensation at full replacement value Structure or business or income will be not depreciated taking into account Business structures within impaired. market prices for structures and within the the ROW Business owners materials. ROW Cash Payment of anticipated profit for Those that are on period of relocation. the setback of 1- Cash or Replacement compensation for 2metres that will assets which cannot be moved be displaced. Loss of Trees affected. All owners of Cash compensation for trees at market Economic Compensation per trees rate of estimated annual/seasonal Trees unit of economic Those that are on yields/harvest of the tree multiply by the tree bases on the setback of number of seasons it will take for a annual yield value 5metres that will nursery to mature to yielding; plus the and cost of nursery be displaced. cost of planting and nurturing (labour) as of a new tree well as provision for annual inflation till the nursery mature and start to yielding at pre-project level production. Loss of crops Standing crops All PAPs Where possible, the PAPs will be given affected or loss of regardless of legal enough time to harvest existing crops to planned crop status avoid economic loss to them. Cash incomes compensation to affected farmers based on the average of the previous three years production value. Where this is not possible, cash compensation for crops will be made at full market current value in the locality. Impact to Elderly person Livelihood restoration (assistance and vulnerable identified training) provided to vulnerable and groups economically disadvantage groups. Prompt payment to vulnerable and economically disadvantaged groups early in the resettlement process.

PAPs WITH LOSS OF ECONOMIC TREES

Full compensation will be paid for the estimated market values of the economic tree. This value will comprise the actual value of the tree, the cost of replacement of the tree and cost of nurturing the replacement of the tree for up to 2-3 years’ maturity depending on the type of economic tree.

Table 10: List of Impacted Economic trees and Compensation cost Location Type of Tree No of Tree Cost per Unit Size m2 Compensation Liman Katagum Baoba 1 5,000.00 2 5,500.00 Lekka Desert date/ Aduwa Fruit 1 1,500.00 2 1,800.00

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE HD/YB/LDA/Lekka Locust Beans 5 4,000.00 10 22,000.00 Lekka Neem tree 2 2,000.00 2 5,200.00 Luda Goriba 1 1,500.00 2 1,800.00

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE CHAPTER NINE: VALUATION

This section shall examine the methodology used in valuing losses to determine their replacement cost and description of the proposed type and level of compensation and resettlement assistance to be provided to PAPs as well as measures considered to achieve full replacement cost for lost assets.

VALUATION METHODOLOGY FOR COMPENSATION

The method of valuation has been communicated to and dialogued with the PAPs during consultations as presented as follow:

Full Replacement Cost Method

The Full Replacement Cost Method, which is used in estimating the value of the property/structure, is based on the assumption that the capital value of an existing development can be equated to the cost of reinstating the development on the same plot at the current labour, material and other incidental costs. The estimated value represents the cost of the property as if new. According to the RPF, it is important to ensure that before civil work commences, PAPs will be provided full replacement cost of lost structures and other impacted assets and are able to rebuild or replace their structures/assets without difficulties. The valuation estimates asset compensation rates based on full replacement without depreciation.

VALUATION METHODS FOR CATEGORIES OF IMPACTED ASSETS

Replacement Cost for Land

In line with OP4.12 of the World Bank on involuntary resettlement as stated in the entitlement matrix, land for land entitlement is prescribed. In so doing, we took cognizance of the size of the land and location since these two variables are determinants of value of land property. Land acquisition is not anticipated in this RAAMP project and as such land resettlement may not be carried out.

Replacement Cost and Damage & Loss Assessment Methodology

Replacement cost’ is the method of valuation of assets that helps determine the amount sufficient to replace lost assets and cover transaction costs. In applying this method of valuation, depreciation of structures and assets should not be taken into account. For losses that cannot easily be valued or compensated for in monetary terms (e.g., access to public services, customers, and suppliers; or to fishing, grazing, or forest areas), attempts are made to establish access to equivalent and culturally acceptable resources and earning opportunities. Where domestic law does not meet the standard of compensation at full replacement cost, compensation under domestic law is supplemented by the World Bank’s policy on involuntary resettlement to meet the full replacement cost principles.

To assess damage and losses of economic assets identified, the Damage and Loss Assessment (DaLA) Methodology was adopted. DaLA is a flexible, comprehensive damage and loss assessment methodological tool presently used by the World Bank for the estimation of overall impacts. The tool which captures the full replace cost principle advanced by the World Bank OP4.12 provisions on involuntary resettlement.

The DaLA Methodology bases its assessments on the overall economy of the affected country/project area. It uses the national/project location accounts and statistics as baseline data to assess damage and

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE loss. It also factors on the impact of disasters/projects on individual livelihoods and incomes to fully define the needs for recovery and reconstruction. The tool analyses three main aspects: ➢ Damage (direct impact) - impact on assets, stock, and property, valued at agreed replacement (not reconstruction) unit prices. The assessments consider the level of damage (whether an asset can be rehabilitated/repaired or has been destroyed). ➢ Losses (indirect impact) - flows that will be affected, such as reduced incomes, increased expenditures, etc. over the time period until the assets are recovered. These are quantified at present value. The definition of the time period is critical. If the recovery takes longer than expected, losses might increase significantly. ➢ Economic effects (sometimes called secondary impacts) - fiscal impacts, implications for GDP growth, etc. This analysis can also be applied at sub-national/local levels.

DaLA method was used to determine compensation for economic trees because of its robustness and advantage over the traditional method of assessing the cost of an economic tree. DaLA method states that market value of yield per tree for the current season (agricultural season) and cost of re-planting and nursery should be used to determine the compensation rate for the economic tree while the Traditional Method equates the capital of the existing structure/ tree to the cost of reinstating the structure/ tree on the same type of plot at the current labour, material and other incident costs. Current Market value of asset within the project area was used to determine the compensation rate for Economic Trees and land. This was determined via market survey of land per square meter and the market prices of the affected Trees in the project areas.

1. Structure/Building Assets valuation was carried out by utilizing the general principle adopted in the formulation of the compensation valuation that lost income and asset will be valued at their full replacement cost such that the PAPs should experience no net loss. This was conducted using the current market prices in this project area. Data captured during valuation of structures include structure type, Dimensions/ total floor area, type of doors, windows, roof type, walls, and foundations.

Table 11: Market Survey Result: 24th /07/2019, Muda Lawal Market Bauchi Category Materials Unit Rate Amount per Unit (Naira) asset (Naira) Land A Parcel9 50,000 50,000.00 House Corrugated iron 2 Bundle 12,000 24,000.00 sheets. Zinc sheets10

Wood 1 dozen 5000 5,000.00

Nails 2 Packet/Pan 2000 4,000.00

Clay blocks 1000 80 80,000 blocks Cement/bag 50 2,600 130,000 Labour/day 7 2,000 14,000 Replacement 20,000 / Installation Assistance

9 A parcel of land is measured 15x15m2 10 A Bundle of corrugated sheet is 12 piece tied together 43

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE 2. Fruit trees/Farm crops/Woodlots The Full Replacement Cost Method was used in estimating the value of the economic trees and crops based on market survey conducted within the project community and the resultant figure become the compensation value. The cost derivation table for cash crops and economic trees based on the market surveys as provided in Annex 3. The results for market survey are provided in the table 13 below. Current market values were derived from pricing these farm products in the local market. Derived estimates are provided in table 12.

Table 12: Market Survey for Crops/Economic Trees: 24th /07/2019, Wunti Market Bauchi Category Description Unit Amount Compensation for Baobab tree / stand 4,000 4,000.00 destruction of economic tree Dibino or date tree/ 4,000 4,000.00 stand Locust Beans 4,000 4,000.00 Giginya 1,500 1,500 Neem tree 2,000 2,000 Goriba 1,500 1,500 Compensation for crops 20/Bag of Maize/ha 6,000 6,000 4/Bag of Millet/ha 4,500 4,500 2/Bag of Soya bean/ha 5,000 5,000

Loose of business income In calculating for loss of business income with all data available the methodology below can be adapted; BI = T x Q x V Where, BI= Business Inconveniences T- no of time (hours/days) operation are shut down Q- the quantity of goods normally produced or sold/unit time used in T V- the value of each unit of goods

The above formula was employed considering that the construction activities will be carried out in segments along the project thereby reducing the number of days for loss of income. However, the maximum number of days of 7 was used in calculation to compensate for net profit.

VALUATION OF LAND

The World Bank OP 4.12 requires that displaced owners of land be provided with an area of land equivalent to their displaced land. It states that land restoration should be in a location that has similar value as the one displaced to the project. However, land resettlement will not occur since land take is not anticipated and will not warrant a physical displacement of persons.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE CHAPTER TEN: COMPENSATION AND IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE

PAYMENT OF COMPENSATION

Compensation under this RAP will be considered for land, assets or livelihoods. The following principles should be followed for payment of compensation for lost assets ✓ Compensation shall be paid prior to acquisition or displacement; ✓ Compensation will be at full replacement cost; ✓ Compensation for structures shall include: the full replacement cost of materials and labour required for reconstructing a building of similar surface and standing. ✓ Compensate all the PAPs adequately for properties and income lost ✓ Check and ensure that resettlement is built in as an upfront project cost to avoid inadequate compensation.

In other words, the affected persons must be able to have their structure rebuilt in a different location using the compensation paid for the old structure if applicable. Depreciation will not be taken into account while calculating the cost of affected structures.

The Compensation package will also include cost of moving, such as transport costs as well as any associated land titling or transfer fees. All payments or compensation and resettlement assistance shall be made in the forms as agreed with each PAP. Payment of compensation will be made by the Resettlement and Compensation Committee. This committee will include members of the PIU and selected community leaders from the affected location. Compensation benefits shall be settled before the construction phase of the project.

All Project Affected Persons would be restored to the status that is at the minimum commensurate to their pre-project status in accordance with the World Bank Policy on involuntary resettlement. Owners of immovable structures will be paid compensation that will be based on assessed values of their properties and this shall be at the: ✓ Full replacement cost of structure; and ✓ Cost of agricultural crops/economic trees to be affected at full market price, inclusive of cost of tree value, replacement costs and cost of nurturing of tree for a period is reaches maturity and, payment of income loss till the tree reaches its pre-project production level. In addition to being guided by the market price and the relevant national law, the overall compensation for crops and economic trees will be guided by the provision of the World Bank Policy on involuntary resettlement.

The RAP implementation committee will verify the correctness of each PAP as stated in the register. Payments will be made according to locations and adequate information will be made available to all affected persons before payment. Such information will include how the payment will be made and dates, etc.

The procedure for delivery of compensation shall include: • Full payment of compensation carried out before possession of acquired sites formally making offers to affected persons and allowing persons to accept or reject offer, offer a counter claim and seek redress under the grievance procedures established • Implementation committee communicates the amount to be paid to the PAPs Transfer to individual accounts is the preferred and first mode of payment. PIU shall make arrangements with nearest bank to effect payments without any challenge to the PAPs.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE • Necessary document of payments to the affected persons should be presented to local land/Asset Valuation Committee from the local government and/or other independent witness of the affected person and leaders of the communities. • Proper receipts issued, and copies given to the affected person by the SPIU; • Comprehensive reports on payment made submitted for review by SPI

Temporary Land Acquisition There is likelihood that some temporary land acquisition may be required for the establishments of burrow pits or staging areas. This will be properly compensated for through the payment of adequate lease. It is expected that such land will be adequately restored before reverting to the owner. A standalone ESMP prepared for the project provides guidance on burrow pit restoration procedures.

INVENTORY OF AFFECTED ASSETS/STRUCTURES IN THE PROJECT AREA

The road rehabilitation will generally be performed within the existing right-of-way. A total of 2 Open shop extension, 10 structures, 10 economic trees and 4 farm crops (Soya Beans, Maize, Millet & Guinea Corn) will be affected. The summary of compensation is shown in tables 13 and 14.

Table 13: Summary of Compensation for Loss of assets Affected Asset Type of Material No. of Assets Amount (N) Open shop extension Wooden pillar, zinc roof, tile floor 2 118,000 Structure Mud wall, wooden window, Door, 8 4,369,500 zinc roof, paved floor Structure Mud wall 2 54,000.00

TOTAL 4,541,500

Losses of Crops/ Economic Trees A total of, 10 economic trees including 4 different farm crops (Soya Beans, Maize, Millet & Guinea Corn) will be affected. The summary of compensation is shown in table below; Table 14: Summary of Compensation for Loss of Economic Trees and Crops S/N ITEM NUMBER AMOUNT (N) 1 Economic Trees 10 41,852 2 Farm Crops 4 7,000 TOTAL 48,978.00

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE CHAPTER ELEVEN: STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION

INTRODUCTION

The objective of consultation is to: i) inform PAPs about their right and choices and ii) to ensure that PAPs are participating in the project planning, implementation and monitoring processes. Views of the project interested parties and PAPs need to be fully taken into account during the preparation of this Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) and shall continue to form a basis for further engagement in the implementation of the proposed access road rehabilitation project. In the 19km selected road in Bauchi.

The consultation method adopted was to use the existing recognized traditional structure in which consultation is conducted through the village/community leadership. This means of engagement is widely acceptable and an easy way to reach to all the groups in the community based on the existing traditional governance structure.

Consultation carried out for this RAP involved a process that was context-specific. This means that the techniques, methods, approaches and timetables were tailored to meet the local situation and the various types of stakeholders consulted.

The preparation of the RAP involved stakeholders’ consultation in Bauchi State, Bauchi LGA and the project host communities. The major stakeholders identified and consulted consisted of Bauchi State Project Implementation Unit (SPIU), Bauchi Local Government Council, Community leaders, religious leaders, women groups, Community Based Organizations (CBOs) etc. It is however considered that the stakeholder involvement initiated by the RAP preparation will be built upon throughout the project life cycle.

This will afford the Bauchi State PIU to: • Clarify the project's objectives in terms of stakeholders’ needs and concerns • Identify feasible alternatives (in particular alternative route) and examine their relative merits in terms of environmental, social and economic factors • Identify and prioritize environmental and social issues and establish the scope of future studies. • Identify processes for continued stakeholders’ involvement.

Stakeholder engagement shall be an on-going process throughout the RAP and there are three phases relevant to the Project RAP: • RAP Baseline Engagement Phase; • RAP Disclosure & Consultation Phase; and, • Ongoing engagement after the RAP disclosure process is complete and throughout the project life cycle.

STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT

The stakeholders’ consultation started on the July 8, 2019 with different group discussions and a Public consultation held on the 16th of August 2019 with all the affected communities along Liman Katagum, Bauchi Local Government Area in attendance. The District Head and the Local Government Chairman /representatives were also consulted. The consultations provided an opportunity to interact with the opinion leaders in the host communities and intimate them on the proposed project.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE Choice and Right

The information passed to stakeholders includes the project design, anticipated timeframe for project commencement, and the possibility for the stakeholders to contribute to the project design, the right of PAPs to resettlement and compensation, right to seek redress through the GRM when they are aggrieved. The benefit of the project to the communities was also discussed. In other words, the PAPs, specifically, were told that they have the opportunity to air their concerns and suggestions which will be incorporated to the project design and in implementation process. They were made aware of their rights, which include compensation for impacts and alternatives – even if they are willing to give up land, assets and or livelihood in the general public interest. They were informed that only those affected by the rehabilitation will be included in the resettlement compensation plan.

CONCERNS AND RESOLUTIONS

During the consultative meetings conducted in all villages along the proposed road project, the communities aired their views and concerns as summarized in table 16 below:

Table 16 provides a summary of the concerns raised by the stakeholders and how they were responded to during the meetings or how the project addresses them.

Table 15: Concerns/Observation and the response given to the Stakeholders SN CONCERNS RESPONSES 1 How will those whose property or The Resettlement plan will provide compensation at full assets be affected during the replacement cost to those who have been identified as construction be compensated by project affected persons and based on their eligibility for RAAMP compensation as provided by the world bank Op 4.12 2 When will the construction The construction is expected to commence sometime commence and how long will the around January, however the community will be dully project take considering the rainy informed before civil works commence season 3 Will the PAPs be informed before As earlier stated, the PAPs will be informed before the commencement of the commencement of civil works. Also all affected persons construction activities and not be will be compensated before contractors can be mobilized left in the dark so as not to to site interrupt their planting activities 4 How will the compensation be Compensation shall be paid only to eligible PAPs who paid to PAPs and hope that there have been identified and the inventory of their assets will not be any issue emanating taken. The PAPs will have a choice of replacement or cash from the compensation assistance as compensation. A Grievance Redress Mechanism will be developed for the PAPs to register their complaints and also to handle issues that may emanate from the process 5 If there are issues during RAAMP will constitute a Grievance Redress Committee at compensation, how do RAAMP different levels (Community, State and Federal) that will intend to address these issues make use of the GRM in addressing these issues. Members of the community GRC will be selected from the communities. 6 It will be important for the project The GRM will be linked to the existing local means of to liaise with the Sariki liman conflict resolution which involves the local authorities. The GRC will include the traditional leadership.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE katagun (Traditional Ruler) in addressing these issues

7 They hope that the youths will be The contractors are advised to make use of local skilled involved in the construction and unskilled labour if qualified to minimize risks activities when the project emanating from labour influx. It will also create income commence for the community members.

Figure 4: Consultation at Lekka Community Figure 5: Consultation at Lekka Community

Figure 6: Consultation at Luda Community Figure 7: Consultation at Luda Community

Figure 8: Pictures of Consultation Meeting Figure 9: Consultation with the Village head in Liman Katargun 49

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE CHAPTER TWELVE: GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISMS

INTRODUCTION

Grievance redressed mechanism is an important aspect in projects involving land acquisition or displacement. The redress of grievance is important to avoid unnecessary legal delays and cost overrun of the project. Also, this is a forum for people to express their dissatisfaction over compensation. Grievance mechanisms are increasingly important for development projects where ongoing risks or adverse impacts are anticipated. For RAAMP, grievances are likely to arise due to the following: • failure to register PAP or identity of individual is disputed; • losses not identified correctly; • inadequate assistance or not as per entitlement matrix; • dispute about ownership; • delay in disbursement of assistance; and • improper distribution of assistance

This Chapter attempts to describe the step-by-step process for registering and addressing grievances and provide specific details regarding a cost-free process for registering complaints, response time, and communication modes. It also describes the mechanism for appeal and the provisions for approaching civil courts if other options fail.

THE NEED FOR GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM (GRM)

The Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) describes the process by which people affected by the project can bring their grievances to the project management in a culturally appropriate manner, for consideration and redress. It is understood that effective organizational design and coordination substantially decrease the probability of problems in implementation. Nevertheless, some affected persons are still likely to believe they have been treated inadequately or unfairly. Providing an accessible and credible means for PAPs to pursue any grievances may decrease the likelihood of overt resistance to the project or of protracted judicial proceedings that can halt implementation. Thus, in the event that grievances arise, this redress mechanism has been prepared to address such. The Grievance mechanisms designed herewith has the objective of solving disputes at the earliest possible time, which is in the interest of all parties concerned. . As much as possible; clear procedures for filing and resolving grievances from the affected population have been designed.

During the consultations, the affected persons were informed on the provisions for addressing any complaints or grievances. The grievance procedure will further be made available to the affected persons through project implementation. The mechanism provides an affordable and accessible procedure for third-party settlement of disputes arising from resettlement. This mechanism is localized as much as possible with the active involvement of the traditional rulers, local chiefs; RAAMP project office, women leaders and representative of the Farmers group and Youth leaders.

Grievance Redress Process

By the time that the individual resettlement plans will be approved, and individual compensation contracts signed, affected individuals and communities would be informed of the process for expressing dissatisfaction and to seek redress. The grievance procedure will be simple and administered as far as possible at the local levels to facilitate access, flexibility and ensure transparency. All the grievances will be channelled via the Resettlement and Compensation Committee for each sub project at the sector level.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE As much possible a localized mechanism that take account of the specific issues, cultural context, local customs, and project conditions and scale have been adopted for this RAP. The Grievance procedures highlighted in this Chapter fall into four steps as outlined in Table 17.

Table 16: Grievance Procedures Steps Step Category Activities 1 Reception • PAP files complaints or grievances with regard to any aspect of the resettlement and project verbally, in writing or through a representative in English or local language. registration • Complaint recorded by the implementing agency with the name of the complainant, address and location information, the nature of the grievance and the resolution desired. • Grievance made acknowledged within 48 hours of receipt by an official authorized to receive grievances. 2 Resolution • All grievances referred to the appropriate party for resolution • Resolution made within 15 days after receipt of grievance. • If additional information is needed, project management can authorize additional 15 days for resolution. • Results of grievances disclosed to the griever in writing with an explanation of the basis of the decision. 3 Appeals • Complainants dissatisfied with the response to their grievance may file an appeal. • In such cases, the responsible authority assembles a committee to hear cases including at least one disinterested party from outside the agency responsible for the resettlement project. • There will be no further redress available outside the resettlement project. In such cases, grievances would need to be pursued through the legal system. 4 Monitoring • During project implementation and for at least 3 months following the conclusion of the project, monthly reports will be prepared by the scheme safeguards officer regarding the number and nature of grievances filed and made available to project management.

The Bauchi RAAMP SPIU will open a complaint desk on site, as the first point of call for resolving grievances, to collate petitions, complaints, etc from aggrieved parties manned by the SPIU Social Safeguard officer. She/he refers all the issues to the SPC who ensures appropriate channel of resolution of such grievances are reached with a view to resolving the issues. In addition to the complaint desk, aggrieved parties have the options of reporting directly to SPIU/SPC via Telephone calls, SMS and e-mails for action. As the first order of call in resolving grievances, the Grievance Redress Committee (comprising, Community leaders, Women leader, and Farmers Group/Association & SPIU project site officer) will deal with any grievance that comes up. This will ensure equal treatment across cases and elimination of nuisance claims and satisfy legitimate claimants at low cost.

If grievance redress at the SPIU project site level fails, the Bauchi RAAMP SPIU will intervene in resolving the grievances. Should this fail at the RAAMP SPIU level, the traditional leader, who liaises with the Grievance Redress Committee and the RAAMP SPIU Site Project Manager will try and resolve the grievance. If this fails at the traditional level, the Bauchi RAAMP Project Coordinator will deal with the issues of grievance. The judicial system will be the last resort to redress the issues if informal conciliation does not resolve the matter. This admittedly is a costly and time-consuming procedure. Nevertheless, affected persons will be exempted from administrative and legal fees incurred pursuant to this grievance redress procedure. Besides, such grievances requiring higher level resolution will be facilitated by the scheme level safeguards officer. Figure.9.1 gives a process flowchart for the grievance mechanism. 51

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

Grievance Redress Committee

An accepted procedure is to establish a grievance committee for displaced populations in projects with large-scale resettlement into host communities (usually as a part of the local administration). Such committee shall include representatives from the local communities and their leaders. The Grievance Redress process (GRC) will hear complaints and facilitate solutions; and the process, as a whole, will promote dispute settlement through mediation to reduce litigation. The main functions of GRC shall include: • Provision of support to PAPs on problems arising out of eligibility • Record the grievances of the PAPs, and categorize, prioritize and resolve them within one month; • Inform SPIU of serious cases within one week; and • Report to the aggrieved parties about the developments regarding their grievances and decisions of the SPIU, within one month.

The committee shall suggest corrective measures at the field level itself and fix responsibilities for implementation of its decisions. In terms of implementation, all efforts will be made to first resolve the issue faced by PAPs at the field level.

Expectation When Grievances Arise

When local people present a grievance, they expect to be heard and taken seriously. Therefore, the SPIU and others such as the engineers involved in one aspect of the project or other must convince people that they can voice grievances and work to resolve them without retaliation. It should be understood that all or any of the followings are; at the least, expected from the project management/channel of grievance resolution by the local people: • acknowledgement of their complaints/problem, • an honest response to questions/issues brought forward, • an apology, adequate compensation where necessary and • modification of the conduct that caused the grievance and some other fair remedies

Management of Reported Grievances

The procedure for managing grievances should be as follows: a. The affected person files his/her grievance, relating to any issue associated with the resettlement process or compensation, in writing or phone to the GRC (Phone numbers will be provided by the SPIU). Where it is written, the grievance note should be signed and dated by the aggrieved person. Where it is via phone call, the receiver must document every detail. b. The Bauchi RAAMP level social and environmental officer will be the direct liaison with PAPs in collaboration with the CBOs or representative and SPIU project site office to ensure objectivity in the grievance process. c. Where the affected person is unable to write, the SPIU site level safeguards officer will write the note on the aggrieved person’s behalf and duly thumb printed by the complainant. d. Any informal grievances will also be documented

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

Registration of Grievance with the Grievance Redress committee

Treatment of Grievance

Closure of Grievance by Committee

YES Is Complainant Satisfied with Committee NO Decision? Closure of Grievance by Resort to grievance Committee

Grievance Processing by Committee

Response of the Committee

Is Complainant Satisfied with decision?

Closure of Complaint YES RAAMP SPIU or Court NO Figure 10: Flow Chart for Grievance Redress Steps

MONITORING COMPLAINTS

The SPIU safeguards officer will be responsible for: • providing the grievance Committee with a weekly report detailing the number and status of complaints • any outstanding issues to be addressed • Monthly reports, including analysis of the type of complaints, levels of complaints, actions to reduce complaints and initiator of such action.

Note: “this GRM is subject to review and update upon the clearance and approval of the GRM manual being developed by RAAMP”.

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE CHAPTER THIRTEEN: IMPLEMENTATION TIMETABLE AND BUDGET

Before any activity of component 1 is implemented, PAPs will need to be compensated in accordance with this RAP and the RPF. The overall funding for the preparation and implementation of this RAP shall be provided by the Bauchi State. The funding for this RAP shall be deposited in a separate account dedicated for payment of compensations and resettlement assistance. Separate financial record shall be kept, and the record shall show payments by line items as stated in the RAP budget. The schedule for the implementation of activities must be agreed by the Resettlement Committee, the PAPs and State Project Implementation Unit (SPIU). These include the target dates for start and completion of all compensation payment before commencement of construction work. The major component tasks for the RAP are outlined in Table 18

TIMETABLE FOR THE RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN Table 17: Show the Indicative Timetable for Implementing the RAP S/N Activities Timelines 1. Cut Off Date August 18, 2019 Consultations July 8 and August 16, 2019 2. Submission of Draft RAP Report August 30, 2019 3 Review of Draft Final RAP report October 4, 2019 4 Finalization of RAP Report October 11, 2019 5 Clearance of RAP Report October 11, 2019 6 Public Display & Advertisement in the Country October 25, 2019 7 Disclosure in the World Bank website October 26, 2019 8 Field verification and validation of claims November 11 2019 9 Sensitization of PAPs and Capacity Building/Training November 18, 2019 10 Payment of compensation and in-kind assistance to vulnerable November 25, 2019 persons 11 Compensation and resettlement assistance completion exercises December 6, 2019 12 Submission of compensation and resettlement assistance December 13, 2019 completion report to the FPMU and the Bank 13 Commencement of Civil works upon completion report acceptance January 2020 14 RAP Implementation Monitoring/GRM January 2020

TRAINING AND CAPACITY NEEDS

The implementation of this RAP shall require that personnel and stakeholders possess the appropriate capacity. During the public consultation, capacity assessment of the PAPs and community representatives were assessed in the area of community conflict/Grievance Redress and RAP process. The effective functioning of the above mentioned is compromised by limited knowledge on the RAP process. Thus, knowledge barriers include: Limited knowledge on the principles of Resettlement Action Plan, Monitoring &Evaluation of RAP Implementation, Conflict Management and Resolution in RAP implementation as well as RAPs implementation and monitoring. This capacity building plan has been taken into consideration in table 19 below Table 18: Shows the Training Needs for the Responsible Institutions Description/ Course content Target Duration Estimated Module Amount (N)

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE Training & Involuntary 1. Principles of Resettlement 1.PAPs, community ½ Day 100,000 Awareness Resettlement Action Plan leaders, member of And Rehabilitation 2. Monitoring & Evaluation the Sensitization and of RAP Grievance/Complia 100,000 Awareness on RAP Implementation nt Handling Process 3.Conflict Mechanism Management and Committees CHC, Resolution in RAP Resettlement implementation committee Subtotal 200,000.00 Budget This section provides information on the estimated budget and sources of fund for the overall implementation of this RAPs. In budgeting, the following were taken into consideration: • Sufficient budget for resettlement, and it’s inclusion in the overall project budget. • Resettlement costs, if any, to be funded by the Bauchi State Government and the mechanisms that will be established to ensure coordination of disbursements with the RAP and the project schedule. • Estimated budget, by cost and by item, for all resettlement costs including planning and implementation, management and administration, monitoring and evaluation, and contingencies.

A detailed inventory of all affected assets and PAPs was carried out to give the basis for estimating the compensation costs. Information on the estimated budget for the overall implementation of this RAP and Source of funds are provided in this Section.

The estimated cost for implementation of the RAP is Nine Million, Six Hundred and Thirty Seven Thousand, One Hundred and Sixty Seven Naira Twenty Three Kobo Only (N9,637,167.23) as shown in the Table 20.

This sum is expected to cover compensation of assets affected and additional mitigations for livelihood restoration measures, coordination of mitigations, grievance management, logistics and compensation commission. In addition, a provision of 10% of the total budget for contingencies is added to the current budget.

Table 19: Budget Estimate for RAP Implementing11

Item Indicative Costing in Naira Cost estimate in USD (N) Compensation Structures 5,333,344 14,774 Open shop 120,000 332 extension Crops & Economic Trees12 60,579 168 Sub total 5,513,924 15,274 Capacity Building &Training/institutional 200,000 554 strengthening

11 Cost of disclosure will be covered by the FPMU, and not this RAP 12 Allow time for annual/seasonal crop owners to harvest their crops cost will go down 55

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE Additional GRM 200,000 554 Mitigation management implementation Consultation 100,000 277 Monitoring and Evaluation/ Logistics (25 % 1,378,481 3,819 of RAP Compensation) Sub total 1,878,481 5,204 Contingency (10% of RAP compensation 551,392 1,527 budget) Total @ N361 per 1US dollar 7,943,797 22,005

Compensation budget for this RAP implementation is to be fully funded by the Bauchi State Government and shall be disbursed from the project counterpart fund account. Detail of compensation for each asset and structure are in the appendices.

Resettlement Preparation, Implementation, Monitoring and Linkages to Civil Works

Before any civil work commences, PAPs must have received full compensation/resettled in accordance with the entitlement matrix/budget plan established in this RAP. Only after the RAP has been implemented will the SPIU or their contractor mobilize to the sites for civil works activities. The civil work is expected to commence around January 2020 and expected to last for a period of 12 months.

Completion Time No Activities Project Phase Responsibility Oct. 2019 Nov Dec Jan 2020 2019 2019

1 RAP Submission of Draft final RAP Report Consultant, Preparation SPIU Phase Review of Draft Final RAP report FPMU, WB

Finalization of RAP Report Consultant, SPIU

Clearance of RAP Report WB

2 Implementation Public Display & Advertisement in the Country SPIU, FPMU, Phase FMEnv

3 Disclosure in the World Bank Info Shop WB

4 Field verification and validation of claims SPIU 5 Sensitization of PAPs and Capacity Building/Training SPIU

6 Payment of compensation and in-kind assistance to vulnerable persons SPIU/, Resettlement committee

7 Commencement of Civil work Contractor

8 Post RAP Implementation Monitoring/GRM SPIU, FPMU, Implementation other Phase Stakeholders Figure 11: Resettlement Tasks/Schedule for the RAP Implementation and Linkage to Civil work

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE CHAPTER FOURTEEN: MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Impacts mitigation measures reflected in the RAP need to be monitored very closely. Monitoring is required in order to ensure: i) compensation and resettlement assistances are delivered on promptly, ii) GRM is functional and disputes are resolved efficiently and, contractor(s) are in full compliance with safeguard requirement and are within the defined RoW. Implementation of this RAP shall be regularly supervised and monitored by the Social Safeguard Officer in coordination with M&E Officer of the SPIU. The findings will be recorded in quarterly reports to be furnished to the FPMU and the World Bank. There will be two levels of monitoring; namely internal monitoring and external monitoring. Under internal monitoring the SPIU M&E officer will lead the task for the SPIU M&E Unit while an external monitoring and evaluation officer will be engaged periodically

INTERNAL MONITORING

The social safeguard unit of the SPIU will perform periodic monitoring of all resettlement activities in the Unit's portfolio. The SPIU will consult and coordinate with the appropriate Federal and State agencies (e.g., FMEnv, SEPA) on social monitoring. The SPIU Safeguard section will report at least quarterly on the: implementation schedule, delivery and usage of any resettlement compensation, extent of community involvement and efficiency of resettlement agencies in fulfilling their obligations.

EXTERNAL/INDEPENDENT MONITORING

The State Project Implementation Units (SPIU) will engage an independent firm or organization to conduct periodic external assessments of resettlement progress. The State agencies will develop a detailed monitoring work plan for the terms of reference, based on the resettlement plan submitted to and approved by the World Bank. The various State Agencies will select a firm with extensive experience in social survey and resettlement monitoring for this work. The SPIU will review and approve the questionnaires and inventory forms developed by the consultant, as well as the research methods, analytic techniques, and reporting formats proposed by the consultant. The aim of this independent monitoring is to provide verification of key concerns in resettlement, such as compliance with resettlement policies, implementation progress, the extent of effective consultation and participation of local populations, and the direction and extent of changes of income and livelihood among displaced persons. Careful attention to monitoring matters such as these will help ensure equitable benefits for every displaced person.

MONITORING INDICATORS

In-house monitoring may need to be supplemented by independent external monitors to ensure complete and objective information. Thus, the project has developed an extensive M&E system that includes: i. Internal monitoring, in particular reporting by government officials and field consultants, community participatory monitoring; ii. External monitoring, with NGOs and journalists providing independent monitoring; and iii. Impact evaluation. Table 21 indicates some specific variables to monitor routinely in the course of implementation.

Table 20: Monitoring Indicators

Indicator Variable Number of people reached or accessing Information, Information requests, Consultation issues raised etc 57

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE Consultation and Number of local CBOs participating Reach out Physical Progress of compensation and assistance Compensation and Number of PAPs affected (buildings, land, trees, crops) reestablishment PAPs Number of PAPs compensated by type of loss Amount compensated by type and owner Number of replacement asset recovered Compensation disbursement to the correct parties;

Socio-economic Level of income and standard of living of the PAPs Changes No of income restored, improved or declined from the pre-displacement levels;

Training Number of SPIU and RAP committee members trained

Grievance redress No. of cases referred to GRC mechanism No. of cases settled by GRC No. of cases pending with GRC Average time taken for settlement of cases No. of GRC meetings No. of PAPs moved court No. of pending cases with the court No. of cases settled by the court

Overall Effectiveness of compensation delivery system Management Timely disbursement of compensation; Census and asset verification/quantification procedures in place Co-ordination between local community structures, PAPs and SPIU

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE REFERENCES

Federal Project Management Unit (FPMU), May 2018, Resettlement Policy Framework for RAAMP Federal Project Management Unit (FPMU), 2018, Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMP) for RAAMP Kano, Katsina, Sokoto, Kebbi, Bauchi and Plateau) and seven southern states (Abia, Akwa Ibom, Kogi, Ogun, Oyo, Kwara, and Ondo Federal Republic of Nigeria Infrastructure Concession Regulatory Commission (ICRC) (2009): Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) for Nigeria Public Private Partnership (PPP) Project, prepared by ERML, December Project Implementation Manual, 2012, October 2013. Henisz, W. J. Deloitte &Touche Associate, Dorobantu, S. and Nartey, L. (2011): Spinning Gold: The Financial Returns to External Stakeholder Engagement. World Bank Policies, World Bank website: www.worldbank.org

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE ANNEX 1: LIST OF PAPS AND THEIR COMPENSATION

ASSET/STRUCTURE PAPs PAPs S/ PAPs ID PAP NAME COORDINATES COMPENSATION SEX AGE PHONE No PICTURES N N E AMOUNT 1 RAAMP BUHARI 100 00’41.6’’ 0090 46’41.3’’ 08101799153 /001 MUHAMMA MALE 28 D DAN KWOI 68,000.00 2 RAAMP WADAJI 100 00’41.1’’ 0090 46’41.3’’ MALE 40 08065964939 /002 SHEHU 1,090,000.00 3 RAAMP SANI SHEHU 100 00’40.3’’ 0090 46’41.8’’ MALE 45 07068491881 /003 962,000.00 4 RAAMP SANI SHEHU 100 00’40.7’’ 0090 46’41.4’’ MALE 45 07068491881 /004 1,010,000.00 5 RAAMP ISYAKA DAN 100 00’39.9’’ 0090 46’42.0’’ 1,010,000.00 MALE 50 09030730817 /005 KAKA

6 RAAMP 100 00’39.0’’ 0090 46’43.7’’ MALE 38 08038832194 /007 TASIU NUHU 60,000.00

7 RAAMP GARBA 100 00’25.8’’ 0090 47’14.6’’ MALE 55 08131134198 /008 ABDULLAHI 90,000.00

8 RAAMP SHEHU 100 03’59.5’’ 0090 50’14.7’’ MALE 40 07062202474 /0018 ZAKARIYA 297,500.00 9 RAAMP ALH. DAHIRU 100 03’59.9’’ 0090 50’14.6’’ MALE 60 08030846650 /0019 MUSA /08062357049

230,000.00 10 RAAMP 100 04’00.0’’ 0090 50’14.6’’ MALE 45 07049397262 /0020 YUNUSA 252,500.00 JIBRIN 11 RAAMP MUSA MUSA 10.0461567 9.87176802 303,344.00 MALE 58 09032489117 /0021 BAYERO 6 12 RAAMP ADAMU 100 03’55.6’’ 0090 50’13.6’’ 80,000.00 MALE 38 081988143 /0017 CHIROMA List of PAP and their Compensation for Crops/Economic trees S/N PAPs ID PAP NAME 1 RAAMP SALIHU ALH. 100 00’39.5’’ 0090 46’42.3’’ MALE 54 09065516185 /006 SAMAILA 6,500.00 2 RAAMP ABDULLAHI 100 00’59.6’’ 0090 49’28.2’’ MALE 43 /009 SALEH 5,200.00 3 RAAMP ALH. ADAMU 100 01’06.3’’ 0090 50’49.4’’ MALE 44 /0010 ALIU 5,200.00 60

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE 4 RAAMP MUSA MUSA 100 02’40.3’’ 0090 52’18.0’’ 4,730.00 MALE 58 09032489117 /0011 BAYERO 5 RAAMP ABDULLAHI 100 02’55.4’’ 0090 52’18.2’’ MALE 45 07032471829 /0012 MOHAMMED 100 02’56.9’’ 0090 52’17.9’’ 8,803.60 6 RAAMP UMAR 100 03’17.5’’ 0090 51’36.6’’ MALE 46 /0013 ABUBAKAR 100 03’17.2’’ 0090 51’34.8’’ 2,695.00 7 RAAMP YAKUBU 100 03’06.6’’ 0090 52’09.1’’ MALE 45 /0014 SULEIMAN 5,200.00 8 RAAMP MAIKASUWA 100 03’14.9’’ 0090 50’46.7’’ MALE 60 /0015 ABDULLAHI 1,950.00 9 RAAMP ALH.ABDULL 100 03’41.6’’ 0090 50’20.3’’ MALE 60 /0016 AHI MUSA MAIDAWA 5,200.00 10 RAAMP ADAMU 100 03’54.2’’ 0090 50’14.2’’ MALE 38 081988143 /0017 CHIROMA 5,200.00

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

ANNEX 2: COST DERIVATION TABLE FOR AFFECTED PROPERTY

Questionn PAPs aire NAME MOVEME Number: NT/ LENGTH WIDTH BLDG BLDG AMOUNT TOTAL GRAND DISTURBA AREA RATE STRUCTURES TOTAL STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION NCE m m m ₦ ₦ ALLOWAN ₦ ₦ CE ₦ RAAMP/LK TASIU OPEN SHOP EXTENSION ROOFED /007 NUHU WITH ZINC 2 2 4 2,500.00 10,000.00 50,000.00 60,000.00 60,000.00 RAAMP/LK BUHARI /001 MUHAMM OPEN SHOP EXTENTION ROOFED AD DAN WITH ZINC AND TILED FLOOR WITH KWOI STAND BUILT WITH SANCRETE BLOCK 3 2 6 3,000.00 18,000.00 50,000.00 68,000.00 68,000.00 RAAMP/LK WADAJI 3 NO. ROOMS TENEMENT BUILIDNG /002 SHEHU WITH TOILET BUILT WITH MUD, WOODEN DOOR, WOODEN WINDOW WITH PAVED SURFACE, ROOFED WITH ZINC 13 4 52 20,000.00 1,040,000.00 50,000.00 1,090,000.00 1,090,000.00 RAAMP/LK ISYAKA 3 NOS ROOMS TENEMENT TOILET /005 DAN KAKA BUILT WITH MUDS, WOODEN DOOR,

WOODEN WINDOW AND PAVED FLOOR. ROOFED WITH CIS 12 4 48 20,000.00 960,000.00 50,000.00 1,010,000.00 1,010,000.00 RAAMP/L GARBA DA/008 ABDULLAHI

A WALL OF FENCE MADE OF MUD 9 3 27 1,500.00 40,500.00 50,000.00 90,000.00 90,000.00 RAAMP/LK ADAMU

A/0017 CHIROMA WALL OF FENCE MADE OF MUD 10 2 20 1,500.00 30,000.00 50,000.00 80,000.00 80,000.00 RAAMP/LK SANI 3 NOS ROOMS TENEMENT TOILET /003 SHEHU BUILT WITH MUDS, WOODEN DOOR, 15 3.04 45.6 20,000.00 912,000.00 50,000.00 962,000.00 962,000.00 62

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Questionn PAPs aire NAME MOVEME Number: NT/ LENGTH WIDTH BLDG BLDG AMOUNT TOTAL GRAND DISTURBA AREA RATE STRUCTURES TOTAL STRUCTURE DESCRIPTION NCE m m m ₦ ₦ ALLOWAN ₦ ₦ CE ₦ WOODEN WINDOW AND PAVED FLOOR. ROOFED WITH CIS RAAMP/LK SANI 2NOS ROOM TENEMENT AND TOILET /004 SHEHU BUILT WITH MUD, CIS DOOR, PAVED 1,010,000.00 FLOOR AND ROOFED WITH CIS 16 3 48 20,000.00 960,000.00 50,000.00 1,010,000.00 RAAMP/LK SHEHU 3 ROOMS UNCOMPLETED SHOP BUILT A/0018 ZAKARIYA WITH MUD 11 3 33 7,500.00 247,500.00 50,000.00 297,500.00 297,500.00 RAAMP/LK ALH.DAHIR 2 ROOMS SHOP BUILT WITH MUD, A/0019 U MUSA ROOFED WITH CIS, CIS DOOR 8 3 24 7,500.00 180,000.00 50,000.00 230,000.00 230,000.00 RAAMP/LK YUNUSA 3 ROOMS UNCOMPLETED SHOP BUILT A/0020 JIBRIN WITH MUD 9 3 27 7,500.00 202,500.00 50,000.00 252,500.00 252,500.00 RAAMP/L MUSA UNCOMPLETED 5 BEDROOM FLAT, 4 DA/0021 MUSA ROOM AT LINTEL LEVEL WHILE 1 BAYERO ROOM AT WINDOW SEAT 8.7 4.16 36.192 7,000.00 253,344.00 50,000.00 303,344.00 303,344.00

TOTAL 5,453,344.00

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE ANNEX 3: COST DERIVATION TABLE FOR AFFECTED CASH CROPS/ECONOMIC TREES

Land Cost S Rate/ Rate/ Sub Replace Questionnaire Town/ Claimants/ Size Size Amount for 2-3 Total: / State LGA Gender Age LAT. Long Crops ha Stand stand Total ment Number: Village PAPs (m2) (ha) (NGN) nurturi (₦) N (NGN) (NGN) (NGN) Assistan ng ce (₦)

1 Liman 100 0090 RAAMP//LK// Katagum Salihu Alh 00’39.5 46’42.3’’ Bauba 006 Bauchi Bauchi Community Samaila M 58 ’’ Tree 1 5,000 5,000.00 500.00 1,000 6,500.00

2 100 0090 RAAMP//HD/ Hamma Dada Abdullahi 00’59.6 49’28.2’’ Locust /009 Bauchi Bauchi Community Saleh M 48 ’’ beans 1 4,000 4,000.00 400.00 800.00 5,200.00

3 100 0090 RAAMP//YB/ Yelwa Baraya Alh. Adamu 01’06.3 50’49.4’’ Locust /0010 Bauchi Bauchi Community Aliu M ’’ beans 1 4,000 4,000.00 400.00 800.0 5,200.00

100 0090 RAAMP/LDA// Luda Mohammed 5 02’40.3 52’18.0’’ Gorub 4 0011 Bauchi Bauchi Community Tunkuyo M 1 ’’ a 1 1,500 1,500.00 300 RAAMP/LDA// 0011 100 0090 Luda Mohammed 02’40.3 52’18.0’’ Bauchi Bauchi community Tunkuyo M 51 ’’ Maize 200 0.02 70,000 1,400.00 RAAMP/LDA// 0011 100 0090 Luda Mohammed 02’40.3 52’18.0’’ Soya 4,300.0 Bauchi Bauchi Community Tunkuyo M 51 ’’ beans 200 0.02 70,000 1,400.00 0 430.00 5,030.00

5 100 0090 RAAMP//LDA// Luda Abdullahi 02’55.4 52’18.2’’ Locust 0012 Bauchi Bauchi community Mohammed M 55 ’’ beans 1 4,000 4,000.00 800.0

100 0090 RAAMP//LDA// Luda Abdullahi 02’56.9 52’17.9’’ 0.04 7,276.0 0012 Bauchi Bauchi Community Mohammed M 55 ’’ Maize 468 68 70,000 3,276.00 0 727.60 8,803.60

6 Ung Makama- 100 0090 RAAMP//UMK/ Luda Umar 03’17.5 51’36.6’’ 0.03 /LDA//0013 Bauchi Bauchi Community Abubakar M 47 ’’ Maize 350 5 70,000 2,450.00 2,450.00 245.00 2,695.00 100 7 RAAMP//LDA// Luda Yakubu 03’06.6 0090 52’ Locust 0014 Bauchi Bauchi Community Suleiman M 57 ’’ 09.1’’ beans 1 4,000 4,000.00 400.00 800 5,200.00

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TOTAL 60,578.6

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ANNEX 4: TERMS OF REFERENCE

TERMS OF REFERENCE RURAL ACCESS & AGRICULTURAL MARKETING PROJECT (RAAMP) CONSULTANCY SERVICES FOR THE PREPARATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) AND RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP) PART A: Introduction Background and Context 1. The Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) has initiated the preparation of the Rural Access and Agricultural Marketing Project (RAAMP), the successor of the Second Rural Access and Mobility Project (RAMP-2). The project will be supported with financing from the World Bank and the French Development Agency (AFD) and will be guided by the Government’s Rural Travel and Transport Policy (RTTP). The lead agency for the Federal Government is the Federal Department of Rural Development (FDRD) of the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD). The Federal Project Management Unit (FPMU) is overseeing the project on behalf of FDRD, while the respective state government of thirteen (13) participating states will implement it. The overall objective of RAAMP is to improve rural access and agricultural marketing in selected participating states whilst enhancing sustainability of the rural and state road networks. The participating states are: six northern states (Kano, Katsina, Sokoto, Kebbi, Bauchi and Plateau) and seven southern states (Abia, Akwa Ibom, Kogi, Ogun, Oyo, Kwara, and Ondo).

2. The Nigeria road network is relatively dense consisting of about 194,000 km of roads. This includes 34,000 km of federal roads, 30,000 km of state roads and 130,000 km of registered rural roads. The road density is about 0.21 km of roads per square kilometre. In spite of the relatively high road density, the rural accessibility index for Nigeria (defined as the proportion of the rural population living within 2 kilometres away from an all-weather road) is low, at only 25.5 percent, leaving about 92 million rural dwellers unconnected. Rural access is limited where the poor population is concentrated. These considerations demand the expansion and improvement of rural road network, and, also, conservation of rural road/transport assets.

3. Furthermore, an improved rural access will enhance the agricultural potentials and marketing opportunities for the agrarian rural communities in Nigeria and, by extension, help in the improvement of livelihoods of the rural population.

4. The development objective of the proposed Nigeria Rural Access and Agricultural Marketing Project (RAAMP) is to improve rural access and agricultural marketing in selected participating states while strengthening the financing and institutional base for sustainable management of the rural and state roads network. The total financial outlay of RAAMP is US$ 475m. Contributions from the World Bank, AFD and the participating state governments are US$180m (38 percent), US$ 236m (50 percent) and US$ 59m (12 percent) respectively.

5. RAAMP has four components however this Consultancy will be focused on the following component; (a) Component 1: Rehabilitation and maintenance of rural access and state roads. II. Goal of the Assignment 1. The project has triggered four environmental and social safeguards policies namely: Environmental Assessment OP/BP 4.01, Natural Habitats OP/BP 4.04, Physical Cultural Resources OP/BP 4.11 and Involuntary Resettlement OP/BP 4.12. The project has been assigned an Environmental Assessment (EA) Screening Category “B”. This rating is based on the scope of the project, which indicates limited adverse environmental and social impacts. It is expected that no adverse negative impacts are likely during project implementation; especially as the project does not contemplate constructing new roads and will essentially remain within the existing right-of-way. The agro-logistics centres will be established by upgrading the existing markets. It is expected that the rehabilitation of prioritized rural roads and establishment of the agro-logistics centres would result in net positive environmental and social impacts. 66

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2. In fulfilment of the World Bank’s safeguards policies, the Environmental and Social Management Framework has been prepared. The approved framework was disclosed locally on July 30, 2018 and at the World Bank website on September 6, 2018.

3. The goal of the assignment is to manage the social and environmental risks and impact sustainably by developing the social and environmental instruments for managing the impacts envisaged for the selected 19.00 km as the priority road within the 500km prioritized under the project.

III. Description of Proposed Interventions 1. The Bauchi State RAAMP have selected Liman Katagum - M/Juwara (Luda) with 19.00 km as the priority road out of the 500km prioritized under the project. The rehabilitation of the prioritized 19.00 km rural road(s) would involve engineering works such as but not limited to marking, site clearing, mobilization of equipment; removal of top soil, dewatering, earth works, cutting through existing roads, excavation, drainage structure and facilities, earth filing, road surfacing (either with gravel or low-cost surfacing with bituminous sealing) and any other ancillary works etc. These activities have the potential to generate environmental and social impacts including noise and dust generation; loss of vegetation; soil impacts and sediment transport; solid and liquid waste generation; obstruction of mobility of people living in the project area; occupational health and safety; public safety and traffic issues; resettlement of people living within the right-of-way; gender-based violence including sexual exploitation and abuse etc.

2. In line with the above, Bauchi State RAAMP wishes to engage the services of eligible consulting firms (“Consultants”) to prepare an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) and Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) prior to commencement of the civil works. The assignment comprises two district strands of work scopes: ESMP and RAP. Annex 1 and 2 provide objectives, scopes and reporting requirements of the ESMP and RAP respectively.

IV. Staff Requirements 1. This assignment shall be a part of the assignment for preparation of ESMP and RAP for prioritized 500km. However, this assignment for preparation of site specific ESMP and RAP for the selected Liman Katagum - M/Juwara (Luda) with 19.00 km is expected to be delivered over a 1 month (4 Weeks) period. An indicative staff requirement is provided below. The Consultant shall make use of the technical staff as presented in the proposal for ESMP and RAP for 500km roads for this assignment. 2. The Consultant team will be required to arrange its own transport, logistics and equipment (e.g. provide its own computers, printers, and office supplies). All information, data and reports shall be treated as confidential V. Deliverables and Timing 1. The Consultancy will have to submit the following deliverables as per the mentioned timing: • Inception Report: This report shall include a detailed work plan. This will be discussed by the consultant, client and other experts to ensure quality of the final outcome at the scoping stage. The inception report shall integrate results from the review by the Client and from the consultation of all stakeholders. Six (6) copies shall be submitted to the client. In addition, there shall be an electronic version. This will be delivered within one week after contract signing; 6 hard copies and 1 soft (electronic) copy of).

• Draft Reports: A Standalone draft ESMP and RAP Reports for the specific site shall be submitted for comments in 3 weeks from the date of signing the contract. It will identify all the areas, the mitigation measures, and the environmental and social issues associated with the site intervention sub-projects, as well as the adequacy of the monitoring and institutional arrangements in the intervention site. Six (6) copies of the draft ESIA and 6 copies of the draft RAP as well as 1 electronic copy each shall be submitted to the client. • Final Reports: A standalone Final ESMP and RAP Reports for the specific site will take into account all comments from the client and World Bank and will be submitted to the SPIU at the end of 1 week after the review and clearance of the ESMP and RAP draft reports. In addition, it shall include a 67

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concise Executive Summary and shall have all annexes, maps and diagrams and bibliography and the disclosure plan. Six (6) copies of the draft final ESMP and 6 copies of the draft final RAP as well as 1 electronic copy each shall be submitted to the client.

RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN (RAP) Objectives The specific objective of the study will be to assess the potential resettlement impacts of the proposed works as described above and prepare a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). This plan would outline procedures that the project proponent will follow and the actions that it will take to mitigate adverse effects, compensate losses, and provide development benefits to persons and communities affected. All work undertaken and output produced must comply with: • World Bank safeguards policies, while taking into consideration the environmental and social procedures of the Federal Government of Nigeria. • World Bank guidance and structure provided on RAP.

Scope of Works The following sections of the RAP correspond to the scope of work to be completed by the Consultant. The assignment is for preparation of site-specific RAP for the selected Liman Katagum - M/Juwara (Luda) with 19.00 km. • Description of the project: General description of the affected areas. • Potential Impacts: Identification of the: (i) components or activities that require resettlement or restriction of access; (ii) zone of impact of components or activities; (iii) alternatives considered to avoid or minimize resettlement or restricted access; and (iv) mechanisms established to minimize resettlement, displacement, and restricted access, to the extent possible, during project implementation. • Objectives: The main objectives of the resettlement program as these apply to RAAMP should be described in relation to the interventions. • Socio-economic studies: The findings of socio-economic studies to be conducted with the involvement of potentially affected people will be needed. These generally include the results of a census of the PAPs covering: (i) Current occupants of the affected area as a basis for design of the RAP and to clearly set a cut-off date, the purpose of which is to exclude subsequent inflows of people from eligibility for compensation and resettlement assistance; (ii) Standard characteristics of displaced households, including a description of production systems, labor, and household organization; and baseline information on livelihoods (including, as relevant, production levels and income derived from both formal and informal economic activities) and standards of living (including health status) of the displaced population (information should be disaggregated by sex); (iii) Magnitude of the expected loss, total or partial, of assets, and the extent of displacement, physical or economic; (iv) Information on groups or persons in a situation of vulnerability, for whom special provisions may have to be made; and (v) Provisions to update information on the displaced people’s livelihoods and standards of living at regular intervals so that the latest information is available at the time of their displacement (disaggregated by sex), and to measure impacts (or changes) in their livelihood and living conditions. (vi) Land tenure, property, and transfer systems, including an inventory of common property natural resources from which people derive their livelihoods and sustenance, non-title- based usufruct systems (including fishing, grazing, or use of forest areas) governed by local recognized land allocation mechanisms, and any issues raised by different tenure systems in the sub project area (disaggregated by sex); (vii) Patterns of social interaction in the affected communities, including social support systems, and how they will be affected by the sub-project; 68

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(viii) Public infrastructure and social services that will be affected; and (ix) Social and cultural characteristics of displaced communities, and their host communities, including a description of formal and informal institutions. These may cover, for example, community organizations; cultural, social or ritual groups; and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that may be relevant to the consultation strategy and to designing and implementing the resettlement activities.

• Legal Framework: The analysis of the legal and institutional framework in Nigeria. This should cover the following: (i) Scope of existing land and property laws governing resources, including state-owned lands under eminent domain and the nature of compensation associated with valuation methodologies; land market; mode and timing of payments, etc.; (ii) Applicable legal and administrative procedures, including a description of the grievance procedures and remedies available to PAPs in the judicial process and the execution of these procedures, including any available alternative dispute resolution mechanisms that may be relevant to implementation of the RAP for the interventions; (iii) Relevant laws (including customary and traditional law) governing land tenure, valuation of assets and losses, compensation, and natural resource usage rights, customary personal law; communal laws, etc. related to displacement and resettlement, and environmental laws and social welfare legislation; (iv) Laws and regulations relating to the agencies responsible for implementing resettlement activities in the sub-projects; (v) Gaps, if any, between local laws covering resettlement and the Bank’s resettlement policy, and the mechanisms for addressing such gaps; and (vi) Legal steps necessary to ensure the effective implementation of RAP activities in the sub- projects, including, as appropriate, a process for recognizing claims to legal rights to land, including claims that derive from customary and traditional usage, etc. and which are specific to the sub-projects. (vii) Analysis on the impact of the legal framework on women’s land ownership

• Institutional Framework: The institutional framework governing RAP implementation generally covers: (i) Agencies and offices responsible for resettlement activities and civil society groups like NGOs that may have a role in RAP implementation; (ii) Institutional capacities of these agencies, offices, and civil society groups in carrying out RAP implementation, monitoring, and evaluation; and (iii) Activities for enhancing the institutional capacities of agencies, offices, and civil society groups, especially in the consultation and monitoring processes.

• Eligibility criteria and compensation: The consultant will do the following: ✓ Establishcriteriafordeterminingtheresettlementeligibilityofaffectedhouseholds: Eligibility criteria must be advantageous to women and other vulnerable groups, including those without legal title to assets. The eligibility criteria will be disclosed to affected communities and other project stakeholders as part of task 5. Feedback from the disclosure process will be used in the delivery of compensation and or livelihood restoration. ✓ Prepare an entitlements matrix listing all likely impacts. It will identify o all categories of affected persons, o all types of loss associated with each category, and o all types of compensation and assistance to which each category is entitled. ✓ Prepare standards for compensation and livelihood restoration: Prepare a formula for setting full replacement costs for assets lost, including land. Establish options for culturally acceptable replacements for lost services, cultural sites, common property, or access to resources for subsistence, income, or cultural activities.

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✓ Prepare options for relocation and income restoration: These will build on the existing social, economic, and cultural parameters both of displaced persons and of host communities. Provide for relocation costs, lost income, and income support during transition. Where appropriate, prepare relocation plans including selection and preparation of relocation sites. Make provisions for landownership, tenure and transfer, and access to resources. ✓ Where incomes must be restored, provide for needs assessment, employment generation, and credit disbursement: Where affected persons are to change their occupation, provide for training and vocational support mechanisms. Review the likely environmental impact of the resettlement process and build in plans to mitigate any adverse environmental effects. ✓ Make special provision for vulnerable groups.

• Valuation of and compensation for losses: The methodology to be used for valuing losses, or damages, for the purpose of determining their replacement costs; and a description of the proposed types and levels of compensation consistent with national and local laws and measures, as necessary, to ensure that these are based on acceptable values (e.g. market rates).

• Resettlement Measures: A description of the compensation and other resettlement measures that will assist each category of eligible PAPs to achieve the resettlement objectives. Aside from compensation, these measures should include programs for livelihood restoration, grievance mechanisms, consultations, and disclosure of information.

• Site selection, site preparation, and relocation: If a resettlement site is an option, describe the alternative relocation sites as follows: (i) Institutional and technical arrangements for identifying and preparing relocation sites, whether rural or urban, for which a combination of productive potential, locational advantages, and other factors is at least comparable to the advantages of the old sites, with an estimate of the time needed to acquire and transfer land and ancillary resources; (ii) Any measures necessary to prevent land speculation or influx of eligible persons at the selected sites; (iii) Procedures for physical relocation under the project, including timetables for site preparation and transfer; and (iv) Legal arrangements for recognizing (or regularizing) tenure and transferring titles to re- settlers.

• Environmental protection and management. A description of the boundaries of the relocation area is needed. This description includes an assessment of the environmental impacts of the proposed resettlement and measures to mitigate and manage these impacts (coordinated as appropriate with the environmental assessment of the main investment requiring the resettlement).

• Community Participation: Consistent with the World Bank’s policy on consultation and disclosure, a strategy for consultation with, and participation of, PAPs and host communities, should include: (i) Description of the strategy for consultation with and participation of PAPs and hosts in the design and implementation of resettlement activities; (ii) Summary of the consultations and how PAPs’ views were taken into account in preparing the resettlement plan; and (iii) Review of resettlement alternatives presented, and the choices made by PAPs regarding options available to them, including choices related to forms of compensation and resettlement assistance, to relocating as individual families or as parts of pre-existing communities or kinship groups, to sustaining existing patterns of group organization, and to retaining access to cultural property (e.g. places of worship, pilgrimage centers, cemeteries); and (iv) Arrangements on how PAPs can communicate their concerns to project authorities throughout planning and implementation, and measures to ensure that vulnerable groups (including, ethnic minorities, landless, children and youth, and women) are adequately represented. 70

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• The consultations should cover measures to mitigate the impact of resettlement on any host communities, including: (i) Arrangements for prompt tendering of any payment due the hosts for land or other assets provided to PAPs; (ii) Conflict resolution involving PAPs and other stakeholders; and (iii) Livelihood restoration and any additional services.

• Grievance procedures: The RAP should provide mechanisms for ensuring that an affordable and accessible procedure is in place for third-party settlement of disputes arising from resettlement. These mechanisms should take into account the availability of judicial and legal services, as well as community and traditional dispute settlement mechanisms (please refer to the IUFMP Grievance Redress Mechanism Reports).

• RAP implementation responsibilities: The RAP should be clear about the implementation responsibilities of various agencies, offices, and local representatives. These responsibilities should cover (i) delivery of RAP compensation and rehabilitation measures and provision of services; (ii) appropriate coordination between agencies and jurisdictions involved in RAP implementation; and (iii) measures (including technical assistance) needed to strengthen the implementing agencies’ capacities of responsibility for managing facilities and services provided under the project and for transferring to PAPs some responsibilities related to RAP components (e.g. community-based livelihood restoration; participatory monitoring; etc.).

• Implementation Schedule: An implementation schedule covering all RAP activities from preparation, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation should be included. These should identify the target dates for delivery of benefits to resettles and hosts and a clearly defined closing date. The schedule should indicate how the RAP activities are linked to the implementation of the overall project.

• Costs and budget: The RAP for the specific sub-projects should provide detailed (itemized) cost estimates for all RAP activities, including allowances for inflation, population growth, and other contingencies; timetable for expenditures; sources of funds; and arrangements for timely flow of funds. These should include other fiduciary arrangements consistent with the rest of the project governing financial management and procurement.

• Monitoring and evaluation: Arrangements for monitoring of RAP activities by the implementing agency, and the independent monitoring of these activities, should be included in the RAP section on monitoring and evaluation. The final evaluation should be done by an independent monitor or agency to measure RAP outcomes and impacts on PAPs’ livelihood and living conditions. The World Bank has examples of performance monitoring indicators to measure inputs, outputs, and outcomes for RAP activities; involvement of PAPS in the monitoring process; evaluation of the impact of RAP activities over a reasonable period after resettlement and compensation and using the results of RAP impact monitoring to guide subsequent implementation.

Use of technology in asset surveys: Technology can play a key role in carrying out a sound asset as part of the preparation of a resettlement plan. The consultant is advised to make use of GPS and satellite imagery during the RAP preparation. During the visits, Global Positioning System (GPS) locations were also obtained for any physical structures – residential buildings, for example (complete or under construction), farm sheds or improvement to the land. Where possible, these physical structures were identified on a map using the GPS coordinates captured on site.

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ANNEX 6: CONSUTATION ATTENDANCE LIST

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ANNEX 7: MINUTES OF STAKEHOLDERS MEETING

RAAMP PROJECT-RURAL ACCESS AND AGRICULTURAL MARKETING PROJECT, BAUCHI STATE MINUTES OF STAKEHOLDERS MEETING

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

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RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

ANNEX 8: MONITORING INDICATORS FOR PERFORMANCE OF RAP INCOME RESTORATION

MONITORING FRAMEWORK AND INDICATORS Consultations/Notification/Agreement Domain/Sub-domain Indicator Method Period Manpower A1.1 Inauguration of Minutes and records of Community End of first Internal resettlement meetings meetings, week spot Committees Consultation check forums A1.2 Negotiation Signed agreement forms One on One End of Internal and Agreement engagement week 2 with PAPs A2 REPARATION WORKS Domain/Sub-domain Indicator Method Period Manpower A2.1 Prompt Number, % structures Site verification Monthly Internal contractor Repaired Complaints Monthly Internal reparation of records damaged Engineering Monthly External structures consultant report safeguard auditor Third party Annually External confirmation A3 CASH COMPENSATION Domain/Sub-domain Indicator Method Period Manpower A2.2 PAPs paid due % eligible PAPs paid RAP End of Internal plus compensation compensation Implementation month 2 or External report according Social Site verification to RAP safeguard Complaints schedule auditor records External audit Witness NGO report A2.3 Grievance Grievance log and Complaints End of Internal plus redress Reports records month 2 or External External audit according Social Witness NGO to RAP safeguard report schedule auditor B. IMPACT MONITORING FRAMEWORK AND INDICATORS B1. Reparation and compensation Impacts Domain/Sub-domain Indicator Method Period Manpower B1 Reparation and PAP RAP End of RAP Internal plus compensations satisfaction/complaints Implementation According External impacts report to RAP Social Site verification schedule Safeguard Complaints auditor records External audit Witness NGO report 93

RAP FOR THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION OF 19 KM LIMAN KATAGUM – LUDA – LEKKA RURAL ROAD, BAUCHI STATE

ANNEX 9: STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION PICTURES

STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION GROUP PHOTO

Photo with People with Disability (PWD) Photo with Women Group

Stakeholder Making Comment Chairman PWD during Consultation

Environmental Officer Addressing the Participants Women during the Consultation

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