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Recently Discovered Letters by Lewis Reveal Leader in Command, Before, During and After the Expedition

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Haynes leaves mark on visual study of expedition --- Southey on Lewis and Clark Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation I www.lewisandclark.org August 2009 Volume 35, No. 3 RECENTLY DISCOVERED LETTERS BY LEWIS REVEAL LEADER IN COMMAND, BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER THE EXPEDITION MICHAEL HAYNES, #cAf.T. MERIWETHER LEWISw CONTINENTAL DNIDE 1805 Contents ~.(-i- . ,i-f, .:..._ ./,..., .. I'•'"'''~ / ,.,> ... President's Message: The Right Stuff 2 Letters: Deep meaning in Lewis commemoration ceremony; 4 Conspiracy theory challenged; N ovember issue to arrive early Editor's Note: Issue explores the triumphs and accomplishments 6 of Lewis's life through newly discovered letters Planning a Transcontinental Journey 8 A neglected letter sheds light on Lewis's preparations for the western expedition By Loma Hainesworth "Fairly launched on my voyage of discovery" 20 Lewis to William Linnard, p. 10 Meriwether Lewis's expedition letter to James Findlay provides new information on the Missouri River country up to Fort Mandan By James J. Holmberg Capturing the Corps "in a snapshot of time" 28 Artist Michael Haynes has redefined our mental image of Jefferson's explorers ByJim Merritt Observations and Remarks from Lewis 32 to Dearborn in 1807 A recently discovered letter reveals an in absentia governor in control By Thomas C. Danisi Reviews 40 Meriwether Lewis; Meriwether Lewis Off the Edge of the Map; James Findlay, p. 21 The D eath of Meriwether Lewis Soundings 44 Old newspapers hold historical treasures fo r those willing to hunt; Rivers deep and shallow: Robert Southey on Lewis and Clark; 2009 annual meeting promises to be memorable On the cover This is how Meriwether Lewis may have looked in present-day Montana near the Continental Divide. It is documented that he was wearing his military chapeau at this time, and in this painting, he has on an Indian-style leather war shirt, which has strips quilled in the Mandan fashion on each arm. Expedition members sent a couple of these war shirts to President Jefferson. Lewis also bas on a pair of undecorated, plains-style moccasins. H is linen overalls are well patched and stained. Lewis mentioned in his journals that he strapped Musicians, p. 30 on his knapsack for the first time in the mountainous region of present-day Montana. His hunting equipment consists of a leather hunting bag, a powder horn with a carved and blackened spout and a rifle. The Lewis family owned the English telescope Lewis is holding until the early 1970s, and family members believe Lewis carried it on the expedition. Its main tube is a beautiful honey-colored wood with brass fittings. President's Message The Right Stuff August.2009 • VolUJUe 35, Number 3 We Proceeded On i$ the official publicatiOJ\ ~- of the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage am sure many of you remember written by a current astronaut. The Foundation, Inc. Its name derives from both the book by Thomas astronaut highlighted the dominant a phrase that appears repeatedly in the collective journals of the expedition. © 2009 1 Wolf and the stirring movie, characteristics of those early explorers, E. G. Chuinard, M.D., Founder The Right Stuff, about the seven including Lewis and Clark-vision, ISSN 02275-670~ original Mercury astronauts. It also insight, cultural sensitivity, attention Editor featured another aeronautical explorer to detail, decisiveness and refusal to Wendy M. Raney in his own right, Chuck Yeager. The accept failure-and explained that P.O. Box 3434 story is a favorite of mine. I saw the they are the keys to being a successful Great Falls, MT 59403 406-454-1234 movie several times and still show it astronaut (or leader). He also noted [email protected] to my sons when I can get them to that an explorer's ability to handle sit still for a couple of hours. I really Volunteer Proofreaders isolation, resupply, maintenance, Dr. H. Carl Camp love the theme of seven individuals health care and crew morale is Jerry Garrett from different walks of life brought essential for the success of present-day Printed by PRISM Color Corporation, together by an interest in exploring space missions, as crews live onboard Moorestown, New Jersey the unknown and a willingness to test the International Space Station for the limits of those who had explored upwards of six months at a time. EDITORIAL ADVISORY BoARD Chairman before them. All of this is to remind us that the JamesJ. Holmberg I remember sitting in school in 1961 Corps of Discovery is completely Louisville, Kentucky as the loud speaker in our classroom relevant to what we are accomplishing Dr. Jay Buckley Glen Lindeman blared a live radio broadcast of today. Space exploration is but one Provo, U'tah Pullman, Washington Dr. H . Carl Camp Dr. Roben Moore, Jr. Commander Alan Shepard's first space area. You could make the same Omaha, Nebraska St. Louis, Missouri flight in Freedom 7. We did not have a connection to the boardroom, the Dr. Roben Carriker Dr. Gary Moulton television in the classroom so we had classroom and virtually any job where Spokane, Washington Lincoln, Nebraska to listen and imagine. I remember it sound leadership skills are required for Barb Kubik David Nicandri Vancouver, Washington Tacoma, Washington like it was yesterday. It was thrilling success and positive employee morale to listen to that broadcast. I recall that is essential. Dare I say it is relevant Membership Information later there were a couple of minutes right in your own home? Membership in the Lewis and Clark Trail when John Glenn was out of radio This is a very long lead into the Heritage Foundation is open to the public. contact during his flight, and we were message I would like to leave with Information and applications file avaiJable by writing Membership Coordinator, Lewis and on the edge of our seats hoping to hear you. In October at our annual meet­ Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, P.O. Box from him, which of course we did. ing, "Courage Undaunted-The Final 3434, Great Palls, MT 59403. That spirit of adventure captured our Journey," in Olive Branch, Mississippi, We Proceeded On, the quanerly journal country's collective imagination like we will be examining Governor of the Foundation, is mailed to current nothing I had ever seen. Meriwether Lewis from nearly every members in February, May, August and I have always believed there is a possible angle. O ur meeting-plan­ November. Anicl_!!s appearing in this journal direct link between modern space ning team, co-led by Bryant Boswell are abstracted and indexed in HISTORICAL AllsTRAcrs and AME11.1CA: HISTORY AND LIFE. explorers and the Corps of Discovery who has portrayed Captain Lewis we celebrate as members of the Lewis for several years with the Discovery Annual Membership Categories: and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation. Expedition of St. Charles, has put Student $30 Author Stephen Ambrose likened the together an interesting schedule of Individual $49 Individual 3-Year $133 corps' pathway to space exploration: presentations, interactive discussions, Family/International $65 "Never knowing what was around tours, teacher workshops, a commem­ Trail Parmer: $200 the next bend . every step was a orative ceremony, and some southern Heritage Club $100 new discovery." In fact, today at the fun for our enjoyment and education. Explorer Club $150 Jefferson Club $250 Johnson Space Center in Houston, Our kickoff banquet will be held in Discovery Club $500 astronauts study the Lewis and Clark one of the most ornate and beautiful Lifetime Membership $995, $2,500 and $5,000 story for its lessons in team building, venues I have seen, the Peabody Hotel The Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, leadership and survival techniques. in Memphis. The list of scholarly pre­ Inc. is a taX'-exempt nonprofit corporation. I was reminded of this connection sentations is truly impressive. The Individual member.ship dues'are not ru deductible. the portion of premium dues o.ver $49 is tax recently when a friend sent me an essay tours will take you to historic places deductible. on early nineteenth century explorers you have read about, but perhaps nev- 2 ~ We Proceeded On August 2009 "Well researched and insighiful." Jim Brooke floated the upper Missouri River through the White Cliffs region with his sons and has been passionate about the trail and the Foundation ever since. er seen. Noteworthy are the planned involvement of the local school district leadership and the inclusion of school children in encampment activities. The ceremony honoring Lewis will be most dignified and will include national dignitaries as well as representatives of the U.S. Army. I was reminded that Lewis never received a proper funeral or memorial Praise for that recognized his contributions to Meriwether Lewis our country. We plan to right that Meriwether Lewis oversight during this annual meeting. by Thomas C. Danisi & This truly will be an annual meeting John C. Jackson "Independent historians Danisi to remember. I encourage you to 424 pp (Illustrations} I HG I $28.98 and Jackson effer a meticulously register through our Web site (www. ISBN 978-1 -59102-702-7 researched ... account ef Meriwether lewisandclark.org) and bring your Lewis's lift. ... well researched and insightful." family and friends. As co-captain of the Corps of ndependent scholar s Thomas C. Publishers Weekly Discovery and Governor of the I Danisi and John C. Jackson have Louisiana Territory, Meriwether written this definitive biog raphy based 'This excellent biography does much on twelve years of meticulous research, to let the man shinefo rth. Highly Lewis left a legacy of "right stuff" to recommended. " be studied, honored and emulated. I re-examining the original Lewis and Clark documents and searching through Library Journal am grateful our Foundation performs obscure and overlooked sources to reveal Starred Review this service as "Keepers of the Story, a wealth of fascinating new information Stewards of the Trail." See you in on the enigmatic character and life of Memphis in October! Meriwether Lewis.
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