Prenatal and Preventive Pediatric Diagnosis Codes That Bypass Cost Avoidance
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Spectrum of Benign Breast Diseases in Females- a 10 Years Study
Original Article Spectrum of Benign Breast Diseases in Females- a 10 years study Ahmed S1, Awal A2 Abstract their life time would have had the sign or symptom of benign breast disease2. Both the physical and specially the The study was conducted to determine the frequency of psychological sufferings of those females should not be various benign breast diseases in female patients, to underestimated and must be taken care of. In fact some analyze the percentage of incidence of benign breast benign breast lesions can be a predisposing risk factor for diseases, the age distribution and their different mode of developing malignancy in later part of life2,3. So it is presentation. This is a prospective cohort study of all female patients visiting a female surgeon with benign essential to recognize and study these lesions in detail to breast problems. The study was conducted at Chittagong identify the high risk group of patients and providing regular Metropolitn Hospital and CSCR hospital in Chittagong surveillance can lead to early detection and management. As over a period of 10 years starting from July 2007 to June the study includes a great number of patients, this may 2017. All female patients visiting with breast problems reflect the spectrum of breast diseases among females in were included in the study. Patients with obvious clinical Bangladesh. features of malignancy or those who on work up were Aims and Objectives diagnosed as carcinoma were excluded from the study. The findings were tabulated in excel sheet and analyzed The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of for the frequency of each lesion, their distribution in various breast diseases in female patients and to analyze the various age group. -
Breastfeeding Management in Primary Care-FINAL-Part 2.Pptx
Breastfeeding Management in Primary Care Pt 2 Heggie, Licari, Turner May 25 '17 5/15/17 Case 3 – Sore nipples • G3P3 mom with sore nipples, baby 5 days old, full term, Breaseeding Management in yellow stools, output normal per BF log, 5 % wt loss. Primary Care - Part 2 • Mother exam: both nipples with erythema, cracked and scabbed at p, areola mildly swollen, breasts engorged and moderately tender, mild diffuse erythema, no mass. • Baby exam: strong but “chompy” suck, thick ght frenulum aached to p of tongue, with restricted tongue movement- poor lateral tracking, unable to extend tongue past gum line or lower lip, minimal tongue elevaon. May 25, 2017, Duluth, MN • Breaseeding observaon: Baby has deep latch, mom Pamela Heggie MD, IBCLC, FAAP, FABM Addie Licari, MD, FAAFP with good posioning, swallows heard and also Lorraine Turner, MD, ABIHM intermient clicking. Mom reports pain during feeding. Sore cracked nipple Type 1 - Ankyloglossia Sore Nipples § “Normal” nipple soreness is very minimal and ok only if: ü Poor latch § Nipple “tugging” brief (< 30 sec) with latch-on then resolves ü LATCH, LATCH, LATCH § No pain throughout feeding or in between feeds ü Skin breakdown/cracks-staph colonizaon § No skin damage ü Engorgement § Some women are told “the latch looks ok”… but they are in pain and curling their toes ü Trauma from pumping ü § It doesn’t maer how it “looks” … if mom is uncomfortable Nipple Shields it’s a problem and baby not geng much milk…set up for low ü Vasospasm milk supply ü Blocked nipple pore/Nipple bleb § Nipple pain is -
ABCDE Acronym Blood Transfusion 231 Major Trauma 234 Maternal
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-26827-1 - Obstetric and Intrapartum Emergencies: A Practical Guide to Management Edwin Chandraharan and Sir Sabaratnam Arulkumaran Index More information Index ABCDE acronym albumin, blood plasma levels 7 arterial blood gas (ABG) 188 blood transfusion 231 allergic anaphylaxis 229 arterio-venous occlusions 166–167 major trauma 234 maternal collapse 12, 130–131 amiadarone, overdose 178 aspiration 10, 246 newborn infant 241 amniocentesis 234 aspirin 26, 180–181 resuscitation 127–131 amniotic fluid embolism 48–51 assisted reproduction 93 abdomen caesarean section 257 asthma 4, 150, 151, 152, 185 examination after trauma 234 massive haemorrhage 33 pain in pregnancy 154–160, 161 maternal collapse 10, 13, 128 atracurium, drug reactions 231 accreta, placenta 250, 252, 255 anaemia, physiological 1, 7 atrial fibrillation 205 ACE inhibitors, overdose 178 anaerobic metabolism 242 automated external defibrillator (AED) 12 acid–base analysis 104 anaesthesia. See general anaesthesia awareness under anaesthesia 215, 217 acidosis 94, 180–181, 186, 242 anal incontinence 138–139 ACTH levels 210 analgesia 11, 100, 218 barbiturates, overdose 178 activated charcoal 177, 180–181 anaphylaxis 11, 227–228, 229–231 behaviour/beliefs, psychiatric activated partial thromboplastin time antacid prophylaxis 217 emergencies 172 (APTT) 19, 21 antenatal screening, DVT 16 benign intracranial hypertension 166 activated protein C 46 antepartum haemorrhage 33, 93–94. benzodiazepines, overdose 178 Addison’s disease 208–209 See also massive -
Ask the Experts Amniotic Fluid Embolism Steven L. Clark, MD
Ask the Experts Questions have been written by: Amniotic Fluid Embolism Angela K. Hardyk, MD Mount Nittany Physician Group Ob/Gyn Steven L. Clark, MD State College, PA (Obstet Gynecol 2014;123:337–48) Responses have been written by: Steven L. Clark, MD Hospital Corporation of America Nashville, TN Question 1: How would you counsel a patient about a future pregnancy if she has been lucky enough to survive an amniotic fl uid embolism (AFE)? Would there be any special precautions she would need to take for her next pregnancy? Response from Dr. Clark: The available data in this area consist only of several very small series and case reports. These data suggest that the risks of recurrence are low. In addition, a pathophysiologic mechanism of disease that hinges on a maternal reaction to a specif- ic set of fetal antigens would suggest that recurrence ought to be uncommon. On the other hand, having dodged one bullet, is it really wise to spin the wheel again? My counseling goes something like this: “Available data suggest that the risk of recurrence is low, and there are a number of reports of successful pregnancy outcome after AFE survival. However, given the potential severity of AFE if it does recur, and a lack of really good data regarding risks, I advise you to undertake another pregnancy only if you are willing to accept a small risk of catastrophic outcome including death.” If a patient chooses to undertake pregnancy, I do not alter my management in any way, other than delivery in a tertiary center. -
Cracked Nipples
UNICEF UK BABY FRIENDLY INITIATIVE GUIDANCE FOR PROVIDING REMOTE CARE FOR MOTHERS AND BABIES DURING THE CORONAVIRUS ( COVID - 19) OUTBREAK GUIDANCE SHEET 5 B ( CHALLENGES ) : SORE , PAINFUL A N D / O R CRACKED NIPPLES Delivering Baby Friendly services at this time can be difficult. However, babies, their mothers and families deserve the very best care we can provide. This document on management of sore, painful and/or cracked nipples is part of a series of guidance sheets designed to help you provide care remotely. THE MOTHER HAS SORE, PAINFUL AND/OR CRACKED NIPPLES ▪ Sore, painful and/or cracked nipples are signs of ineffective positioning and attachment of the baby at the breast. Therefore, revisiting positioning and attachment are the top priorities. ▪ Other causes include restricted tongue movement in the baby (tongue tie) or infection of the breast, e.g. thrush. PREPARING FOR THE CONVERSATION ▪ Plan a mutually agreed appointment with the USEFUL RESOURCES mother and consider using video so that you can watch a feed and see the mother and baby ▪ Breastfeeding assessment tools ▪ Refer to Guidance Sheet 1 before you start (midwives, health visitors, neonatal or ▪ Be aware that parents may be feeling vulnerable and mothers) frightened because of Covid-19, so sensitivity and ▪ Unicef UK support for parents active listening are important overcoming breastfeeding problems ▪ Take the parent’s worries seriously as they can often ▪ Knitted breast and doll (if video call) sense when something is wrong. DURING THE CALL Introduce yourself and confirm consent for the call ▪ Ask the mother to describe her feeding journey so far. -
Intravenous Drug Use-Associated Infective Endocarditis in Pregnant Patients at a Hospital in West Virginia
Open Access Original Article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17218 Intravenous Drug Use-Associated Infective Endocarditis in Pregnant Patients at a Hospital in West Virginia Deena Dahshan 1 , Mohamed Suliman 2 , Ebad U. Rahman 3 , Zachary Curtis 1 , Ellen Thompson 2 1. Internal Medicine, Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, USA 2. Cardiology, Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, USA 3. Internal Medicine, St. Mary's Medical Center, Huntington, USA Corresponding author: Deena Dahshan, [email protected] Abstract Introduction Due to high levels of intravenous drug use (IVDU) in West Virginia (WV), there are increasing numbers of hospitalizations for infective endocarditis (IE). More specifically, pregnant patients with IE are a uniquely challenging population, with complex management and a clinical course that further affects the health of the fetus, with high morbidity and mortality. Timely recognition and awareness of the most common bacterial causes will provide hospitals and clinicians with valuable information to manage future patients. Methods This retrospective study analyzed the clinical course of pregnant patients admitted with IE and IVDU history presenting at Cabell Huntington Hospital from 2013 to 2018. Inclusion criteria were women between 16 and 45 years of age confirmed to be pregnant by urine pregnancy test and ultrasonography with at least eight weeks gestation, with a first-time diagnosis of endocarditis and an identified history of IVDU. We excluded charts with pre-existing risk factors including a history of valvular disease, rheumatic heart disease, surgical valve repair or mechanical valve replacement, or a diagnosis of coagulopathies. The resulting charts were evaluated for isolated organisms, reported clinical course, and complications of the pregnancy. -
Management of Prolonged Decelerations ▲
OBG_1106_Dildy.finalREV 10/24/06 10:05 AM Page 30 OBGMANAGEMENT Gary A. Dildy III, MD OBSTETRIC EMERGENCIES Clinical Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Management of Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans prolonged decelerations Director of Site Analysis HCA Perinatal Quality Assurance Some are benign, some are pathologic but reversible, Nashville, Tenn and others are the most feared complications in obstetrics Staff Perinatologist Maternal-Fetal Medicine St. Mark’s Hospital prolonged deceleration may signal ed prolonged decelerations is based on bed- Salt Lake City, Utah danger—or reflect a perfectly nor- side clinical judgment, which inevitably will A mal fetal response to maternal sometimes be imperfect given the unpre- pelvic examination.® BecauseDowden of the Healthwide dictability Media of these decelerations.” range of possibilities, this fetal heart rate pattern justifies close attention. For exam- “Fetal bradycardia” and “prolonged ple,Copyright repetitive Forprolonged personal decelerations use may onlydeceleration” are distinct entities indicate cord compression from oligohy- In general parlance, we often use the terms dramnios. Even more troubling, a pro- “fetal bradycardia” and “prolonged decel- longed deceleration may occur for the first eration” loosely. In practice, we must dif- IN THIS ARTICLE time during the evolution of a profound ferentiate these entities because underlying catastrophe, such as amniotic fluid pathophysiologic mechanisms and clinical 3 FHR patterns: embolism or uterine rupture during vagi- management may differ substantially. What would nal birth after cesarean delivery (VBAC). The problem: Since the introduction In some circumstances, a prolonged decel- of electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) in you do? eration may be the terminus of a progres- the 1960s, numerous descriptions of FHR ❙ Complete heart sion of nonreassuring fetal heart rate patterns have been published, each slight- block (FHR) changes, and becomes the immedi- ly different from the others. -
Benign Breast Diseases1
BENIGN BREAST DISEASES PROFFESOR.S.FLORET NORMAL STRUCTURE DEVELOPMENTAL/CONGENITAL • Polythelia • Polymastia • Athelia • Amastia ‐ poland syndrome • Nipple inversion • Nipple retraction • NON‐BREAST DISORDERS • Tietze disease • Sebaceous cyst & other skin disorders. • Monder’s disease BENIGN DISEASE OF BREAST • Fibroadenoma • Fibroadenosis‐ ANDI • Duct ectasia • Periductal papilloma • Infective conditions‐ Mastitis ‐ Breast abscess ‐ Antibioma ‐ Retromammary abscess Trauma –fat necrosis. NIPPLE INVERSION • Congenital abnormality • 20% of women • Bilateral • Creates problem during breast feeding • Cosmetic surgery does not yield normal protuberant nipple. NIPPLE INVERSION NIPPLE RETRACTION • Nipple retraction is a secondary phenomenon due to • Duct ectasia‐ bilateral nipple retarction. • Past surgery • Carcinoma‐ short history,unilateral,palpable mass. NIPPLE RETRACTION ABERRATIONS OF NORMAL DEVELOPMENT AND INVOLUTION (ANDI) • Breast : Physiological dynamic structure. ‐ changes seen throught the life. • They are ‐ developmental & involutional ‐ cyclical & associated with pregnancy and lactation. • The above changes are described under ANDI. PATHOLOGY • The five basic pathological features are: • Cyst formation • Adenosis:increase in glandular issue • Fibrosis • Epitheliosis:proliferation of epithelium lining the ducts & acini. • Papillomatosis:formation of papillomas due to extensive epithelial hyperplasia. ANDI & CARCINOMA • NO RISK: • Mild hyperplasia • Duct ectasia. • SLIGHT INCREASED RISK(1.5‐2TIMES): • Moderate hyperplasia • Papilloma -
Ante Partum Haemorrhage
Ante Partum Haemorrhage Sara Alhaddab Alanood Asiri Ante Partum Haemorrhage (APH): Bleeding in early pregnancy (first 20 weeks of gestation) causes: Affects 3-5 % of pregnancies. • - Miscarriage • Bleeding from or into the genital tract. - Ectopic pregnancy • Occurring from 20 weeks of pregnancy and prior - Molar pregnancy to the birth of the baby. - Local causes: tumor, trauma etc. Causes: Landmark of fetal viability is 20 weeks. • Placenta previa. • Placenta abruption. • Local causes (cervical or vaginal lesions, lacerations). Trauma, tumor and infections. • Unexplained (SGA, IUGR). SGA: small for gestational age. • Vasa previa. • Uterine rupture. - APH is the leading cause of prenatal and maternal morbidity and prenatal mortality (mainly prematurity). - Obstetrics hemorrhage remains one of the major causes of maternal death in the developing countries. Management: In the hospital maternity unit with facilities for resuscitation such as: Source: Essentials of Obstetrics and Gynecology. § Anesthetic support. § Blood transfusion resources. § Performing emergency operative delivery. § Multidisciplinary team including (midwifery, obstetric staff, neonatal and anesthetic). Investigations: • Tests if suspecting vasa previa are often not applicable • Tocolysis: shouldn’t be used in: v Unstable patient. v Fetal compromise. v Major APH. It’s a decision of a senior obstetrician. Senior (consultant) anesthetic care needed in high-risk hemorrhage. • Risk of PPH: patient should receive active management of 3rd stage of labor using syntometrine (in absence of high BP). Syntometrine → active uterine contraction after delivery to prevent PPH. • AntiD Ig should be given to all non sensitized RH –ve if the have APH, at least 500 IU AntiD Ig followed by a test of FMH if it is more than 40 ml of RBC additional AntiD required. -
Critical Care Issues in Pregnancy
CriticalCritical CareCare IssuesIssues inin PregnancyPregnancy Miren A. Schinco, MD, FCCS, FCCM Associate Professor of Surgery University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville College of Medicine – Jacksonville Department of Surgery EpidemiologyEpidemiology •Approximately .1% of deliveries result in ICU admission • Generally, 75% - 80 % are during the post- partum period College of Medicine – Jacksonville Department of Surgery TopTop causescauses ofof mortalitymortality inin obstetricobstetric patientspatients admittedadmitted toto thethe ICUICU Etiology N (of 1354) Percentage Hypertension 20 21.5 Pulmonary 20 21.5 Cardiac 11 11.8 Hemorrhage 8 8.6 CNS 8 8.6 Sepsis/Infection 6 6.4 Malignancy 6 6.4 College of Medicine – Jacksonville Department of Surgery CriticalCritical illnessesillnesses inin pregnancypregnancy A. Conditions unique to pregnancy: account for 50-80% admissions to ICU(account for > 50% ICU admissions): • Preeclampsia / Eclampsia • HELLP syndrome • Acute fatty liver of pregnancy • Amniotic fluid embolism • Peri-partum cardiomyopathy • Puerperal sepsis • Thrombotic disease • Obstetric hemorrhage College of Medicine – Jacksonville Department of Surgery CriticalCritical illnessesillnesses inin pregnancypregnancy B. Pre-existing conditions that may worsen during pregnancy (account for 20-50% ICU admissions): • Cardiovascular: valvular disease, Eisenmenger’s syndrome, cyanotic congenital heart disease, coarctation of aorta, PPH • Renal: glomerulonephritis, chronic renal insufficiency • Hematologic: sickle cell disease, -
ABSTRACT Background: the Benefits of Breast Milk Are Greatly Enhanced If Breastfeeding Starts Within One Hour After Birth
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by International Journal of Health and Biological Sciences International Journal of Health and Biological Sciences Vol. 2, No. 3; 2019:16-41 e-ISSN: 2590-3357; p-ISSN:2590-3365 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30750/ IJHBS.2.3.2 Breast Feeding Knowledge and Practices Among Primiparous Women with Caesarean Section: Impact on Breast Engorgement in Upper Egypt Hanan Elzeblawy Hassan 1* , Galal Ahmed EL-Kholy2, Aziza Ahmed Ateya3, Amal Ahmed Hassan4 1 Maternal and Newborn Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Beni- Suef University, Egypt. 2 Professor of obstetrics & gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt. 3Professor of Maternal and Newborn Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University, Egypt. 4 Professor of Obstetrics and Women’s’ Health Nursing department, Benha University, Egypt. ABSTRACT Background: The benefits of breast milk are greatly enhanced if breastfeeding starts within one hour after birth. Hunan milk contains a host of dynamic and unique feeding properties. Breast engorgement is one of the most common minor discomforts confronting nursing women after delivery, especially Primiparous. The aim of the study was to investigate the breastfeeding knowledge and practices among primiparous women with a cesarean section and its impact on breast engorgement in Upper Egypt. The study was conducted in the postnatal unit of Beni-Suef University Hospital. The study design was a descriptive study. The type of sample was a simple random sample. The study comprised 90 Primiparous cesarean section mothers; suffer from breast engorgement. Tools of Data Collection were interview questionnaire sheet, knowledge assessment sheet, observational checklist, and engorgement assessment scale. -
Diseases of the Digestive System (KOO-K93)
CHAPTER XI Diseases of the digestive system (KOO-K93) Diseases of oral cavity, salivary glands and jaws (KOO-K14) lijell Diseases of pulp and periapical tissues 1m Dentofacial anomalies [including malocclusion] Excludes: hemifacial atrophy or hypertrophy (Q67.4) K07 .0 Major anomalies of jaw size Hyperplasia, hypoplasia: • mandibular • maxillary Macrognathism (mandibular)(maxillary) Micrognathism (mandibular)( maxillary) Excludes: acromegaly (E22.0) Robin's syndrome (087.07) K07 .1 Anomalies of jaw-cranial base relationship Asymmetry of jaw Prognathism (mandibular)( maxillary) Retrognathism (mandibular)(maxillary) K07.2 Anomalies of dental arch relationship Cross bite (anterior)(posterior) Dis to-occlusion Mesio-occlusion Midline deviation of dental arch Openbite (anterior )(posterior) Overbite (excessive): • deep • horizontal • vertical Overjet Posterior lingual occlusion of mandibular teeth 289 ICO-N A K07.3 Anomalies of tooth position Crowding Diastema Displacement of tooth or teeth Rotation Spacing, abnormal Transposition Impacted or embedded teeth with abnormal position of such teeth or adjacent teeth K07.4 Malocclusion, unspecified K07.5 Dentofacial functional abnormalities Abnormal jaw closure Malocclusion due to: • abnormal swallowing • mouth breathing • tongue, lip or finger habits K07.6 Temporomandibular joint disorders Costen's complex or syndrome Derangement of temporomandibular joint Snapping jaw Temporomandibular joint-pain-dysfunction syndrome Excludes: current temporomandibular joint: • dislocation (S03.0) • strain (S03.4) K07.8 Other dentofacial anomalies K07.9 Dentofacial anomaly, unspecified 1m Stomatitis and related lesions K12.0 Recurrent oral aphthae Aphthous stomatitis (major)(minor) Bednar's aphthae Periadenitis mucosa necrotica recurrens Recurrent aphthous ulcer Stomatitis herpetiformis 290 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Diseases of oesophagus, stomach and duodenum (K20-K31) Ill Oesophagitis Abscess of oesophagus Oesophagitis: • NOS • chemical • peptic Use additional external cause code (Chapter XX), if desired, to identify cause.