DOCSLIB.ORG

Life History Strategy and Ecosystem Impact of a Dominant Small Mammal Herbivore in a Mountain Steppe

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Life History Strategy and Ecosystem Impact of a Dominant Small Mammal Herbivore in a Mountain Steppe Life history strategy and ecosystem impact of a dominant small mammal herbivore in a mountain steppe Karin Nadrowski 12th April 2006 Contents Acknowledgements . vii Abstract . viii Zusammenfassung . x 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Mountain steppe . 1 1.2 Herbivores . 2 1.3 Life history strategies . 3 1.4 From keystone species to small mammal pest: Ecosystem impacts . 4 1.5 Situation in Mongolia and project background . 7 1.6 Aim of this study . 8 2 Basic Data Collection 13 2.1 Study area . 13 2.1.1 Climate . 14 2.1.2 Soils . 16 2.1.3 Vegetation . 16 2.1.4 Higher trophic level . 18 2.2 Life history strategies of pikas . 19 2.3 Pikas found in the study area . 25 2.4 Grid trapping and observation . 26 2.4.1 Capture site and burrow characteristics . 26 2.4.2 Capture . 28 2.4.3 Observation . 30 2.4.4 Captured species and biomass of small mammals . 30 2.4.5 Welfare considerations in trapping and handling pikas . 32 2.4.6 Capture and observation success . 34 2.4.7 To trap or not to trap? Comparing trapping with observation . 35 2.5 Parasites . 40 2.6 Movement . 42 2.7 Summary . 46 3 Estimating Density 47 3.1 Introduction . 47 3.2 Methods . 48 3.3 Results . 51 3.4 Discussion . 52 3.5 Summary . 55 i CONTENTS 4 Life history 57 4.1 Age structure and life tables . 57 4.1.1 From weight to age . 58 4.1.2 Seasonal development of age structure . 69 4.1.3 Cohort life tables . 74 4.1.4 Summary . 78 4.2 Modelling survival rates . 79 4.2.1 Modelling background . 79 4.2.2 Survival rates . 81 4.2.3 Survival of early and late litter . 92 4.2.4 Summary . 94 4.3 Reproduction . 96 4.4 Population dynamics . 99 4.5 Discussing life history strategy . 101 4.6 Summary . 108 5 Ecosystem impact 109 5.1 Production and biomass removal . 109 5.2 Pika densities on regional scale . 124 5.3 Summary . 131 6 General Discussion 133 6.1 Life history strategy . 133 6.2 Ecosystem impact . 137 6.3 Further research needs . 141 References 143 Curriculum vitae 155 ii List of Figures 2.1 Location of the Gobi Gurvan Saikhan National Conservation Park . 14 2.2 Map of the study area comprising the Duund and Zuun Saikhan . 14 2.3 Picture on the south facing slope of the Duund Saikhan . 15 2.4 Picture of the research camp . 16 2.5 Walther-Lieth diagrams of two climatic stations within the park . 16 2.6 Gradient of soil profiles along an altitudinal transect . 17 2.7 Picture of burrow sampling plots . 18 2.8 Picture of the Mongolian and the Daurian pika . 21 2.9 Distribution of the Daurian pika . 21 2.10 Distribution of the Pallas pika . 22 2.11 Map of burrows and trap locations on the trapping site . 27 2.12 Mongolian pikas encountered by capture or observation . 36 2.13 Parasite load during the year . 41 2.14 Movement distances within two years . 43 2.15 Movement distances within and between sample sessions . 44 3.1 Density estimates . 53 4.1 Weight structure of captured pikas . 60 4.2 Average weight determined by growth curves . 62 4.3 Growth curve from maximum growth rates . 63 4.4 Discriminating juveniles from adults . 64 4.5 Predictions for age class composition . 65 4.6 Comparing growth of O. pallasi pricei, rufescens, curzoniae . 67 4.7 Cohort survival based on capture and observation . 70 4.8 Cohort survival based on capture . 70 4.9 Cohort survival based on capture for three summers . 71 4.10 Probabilities for two encounter histories . 79 4.11 Survival rates depending on density, sex, and age . 88 4.12 Survival rates for individuals from early and late litter . 95 4.13 Reproductive state during the year . 97 4.14 Trajectories for the numbers of males over females . 101 4.15 Two pikas fighting over territories . 101 5.1 Hierarchical design of the exclosure experiment . 112 5.2 Estimates for standing crop based on habitat, time, and pika grazing . 115 5.3 Estimates for standing crop predicted by species group . 119 5.4 Pika burrow densities for different livestock densities and altitudes . 127 iii LIST OF FIGURES iv List of Tables 2.1 Precipitation in the summer months from 2000 to 2003 . 15 2.2 Standing crop along an altitudinal transect . 17 2.3 Rare and endangered animal species in the GGS . 18 2.4 Life history traits of Ochotona daurica and O. pallasi . 24 2.5 Habitat preference of Ochotona pallasi pricei and O. daurica . 26 2.6 Date, duration, and reference area of sample sessions . 29 2.7 Species captured on the trapping site . 31 2.8 Ochotona pallasi pricei captured and observed on the trapping site . 34 2.9 Accuracy of identification by capture and observation . 37 2.10 Length and regularity of encounters by capture and observation . 38 2.11 Information gained by additional observation . 39 2.12 Information gained by additional capture . 40 3.1 Abundance and density predicted by different estimators . 50 3.2 Movement distances based on capture and observation . 52 4.1 Median weights for all capture sessions . 61 4.2 Individuals used to construct a growth curve for maximum growth rate 63 4.3 Predicted cohort strengths based on winter and growth criteria . 64 4.4 Age structure at the end of the summers 2000-2002 . 71 4.5 Cohort Life Tables . 75 4.6 Life Tables for all sexes . 76 4.7 Life Tables for litter . 77 4.8 Propabilities to observe four different encounter occasions . 80 4.9 Number of animals used for modelling . 82 4.10 Parameter coding for pooled data, using the most reliable information . 83 4.11 Parameter coding for capture data, spanning three summers . 84 4.12 Candidate models set . 85 4.13 Model likelihoods for recapture, pooled data . 86 4.14 Model likelihoods for survival, pooled data . 87 4.15 Model likelihoods for recapture, capture data . 89 4.16 Model likelihoods for survival, capture data . 90 4.17 Canditate models set for individuals from early and late litter . 93 4.18 Model likelihoods for early and late litter . 94 4.19 Pika life history traits revisited . 102 5.1 Number of pikas captured in the summers from 2001 to 2003 . 110 5.2 Plant species cover on sample plots . 111 v LIST OF TABLES 5.3 Precipitation in the summers of 2002 and 2003 . 111 5.4 Analysis of variance table for standing crop comparing two summers . 114 5.5 Analysis of variance table for standing crop comparing species groups . 116 5.6 Significant effects from the ANOVA for species groups . 120 5.7 Production and biomass removal for a mountain steppe with burrows . 121 5.8 Ratio of burrow to steppe productivity along an altitudinal transect . 125 5.9 Production and biomass removal along an altitudinal transect . 128 vi Acknowledgements This project could never have been finished without the help of many people, friends and advisors and anything in between. Thank you for helping, fighting, growing, loving, enduring and encouraging me in so many various ways! I am grateful to Prof. Dr. G. Miehe, Prof. Dr. R. Samjaa, Prof. Dr. R. Brandl, Dr. V. Re- tzer, Dr. K. Wesche, Dr. J. Dauber, T. Monkhzul, R. Klug, Devlin, Carola, and Bettina for giving scientific advice and encouragement. V. Retzer, K. Wesche, S. Jansen, G. Miehe, V. Clausnitzer, T. Monkhzul, R. Undrakh, Enkhjargal, Bjambaa, Bekhee, S. Schmidt, Enkhshimek, Ojuntsetseg, Shurentsetseg, K. and E.-O. Nadrowski and many others gave invaluable help during the organisation of this project. Thank you Vroni, Vayu, Ria, Lou, Gouine, Frank, Sandra, Thomas, Christina, Tatjana, HikE, Monkhzul, Janis, Bj¨orn, Maike und Ines for your friendship and love. Thanks go to the staff of the Faculty of Geography of the Philipps-University of Mar- burg, the working-group of animal ecology in the Faculty of Biology of the University in Marburg, the staff of the Faculty of Biology of the Mongolian University, the staff of the GTZ-office in Mongolia, and the staff of the Research Center for Infectious Diseases in Dalandzadgad. The German Acadamic exchange, the German Science Foundation, and the Ministry of Economic Co-operation funded this project..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • World Distribution of the European Rabbit (Oryctolagus Cuniculus)
    1 The Evolution, Domestication and World Distribution of the European Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Luca Fontanesi1*, Valerio Joe Utzeri1 and Anisa Ribani1 1Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy 1.1 The Order Lagomorpha to assure essential vitamin uptake, the digestion of the vegetarian diet and water reintroduction The European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus, (Hörnicke, 1981). Linnaeus 1758) is a mammal belonging to the The order Lagomorpha was recognized as a order Lagomorpha. distinct order within the class Mammalia in Lagomorphs are such a distinct group of 1912, separated from the order Rodentia within mammalian herbivores that the very word ‘lago- which lagomorphs were originally placed (Gidely, morph’ is a circular reference meaning ‘hare- 1912; Landry, 1999). Lagomorphs are, however, shaped’ (Chapman and Flux, 1990; Fontanesi considered to be closely related to the rodents et al., 2016). A unique anatomical feature that from which they diverged about 62–100 million characterizes lagomorphs is the presence of years ago (Mya), and together they constitute small peg-like teeth immediately behind the up- the clade Glires (Chuan-Kuei et al., 1987; Benton per-front incisors. For this feature, lagomorphs and Donoghue, 2007). Lagomorphs, rodents and are also known as Duplicidentata. Therefore, primates are placed in the major mammalian instead of four incisor teeth characteristic of clade of the Euarchontoglires (O’Leary et al., 2013). rodents (also known as Simplicidentata), lago- Modern lagomorphs might be evolved from morphs have six. The additional pair is reduced the ancestral lineage from which derived the in size. Another anatomical characteristic of the †Mimotonidae and †Eurymilydae sister taxa, animals of this order is the presence of an elong- following the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) bound- ated rostrum of the skull, reinforced by a lattice- ary around 65 Mya (Averianov, 1994; Meng et al., work of bone, which is a fenestration to reduce 2003; Asher et al., 2005; López-Martínez, 2008).
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix Lagomorph Species: Geographical Distribution and Conservation Status
    Appendix Lagomorph Species: Geographical Distribution and Conservation Status PAULO C. ALVES1* AND KLAUS HACKLÄNDER2 Lagomorph taxonomy is traditionally controversy, and as a consequence the number of species varies according to different publications. Although this can be due to the conservative characteristic of some morphological and genetic traits, like general shape and number of chromosomes, the scarce knowledge on several species is probably the main reason for this controversy. Also, some species have been discovered only recently, and from others we miss any information since they have been first described (mainly in pikas). We struggled with this difficulty during the work on this book, and decide to include a list of lagomorph species (Table 1). As a reference, we used the recent list published by Hoffmann and Smith (2005) in the “Mammals of the world” (Wilson and Reeder, 2005). However, to make an updated list, we include some significant published data (Friedmann and Daly 2004) and the contribu- tions and comments of some lagomorph specialist, namely Andrew Smith, John Litvaitis, Terrence Robinson, Andrew Smith, Franz Suchentrunk, and from the Mexican lagomorph association, AMCELA. We also include sum- mary information about the geographical range of all species and the current IUCN conservation status. Inevitably, this list still contains some incorrect information. However, a permanently updated lagomorph list will be pro- vided via the World Lagomorph Society (www.worldlagomorphsociety.org). 1 CIBIO, Centro de Investigaça˜o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos and Faculdade de Ciˆencias, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vaira˜o 4485-661 – Vaira˜o, Portugal 2 Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game Management, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Gregor-Mendel-Str.
    [Show full text]
  • Melo-Ferreira J, Lemos De Matos A, Areal H, Lissovski A, Carneiro M, Esteves PJ (2015) The
    1 This is the Accepted version of the following article: 2 Melo-Ferreira J, Lemos de Matos A, Areal H, Lissovski A, Carneiro M, Esteves PJ (2015) The 3 phylogeny of pikas (Ochotona) inferred from a multilocus coalescent approach. Molecular 4 Phylogenetics and Evolution 84, 240-244. 5 The original publication can be found here: 6 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790315000081 7 8 The phylogeny of pikas (Ochotona) inferred from a multilocus coalescent approach 9 10 José Melo-Ferreiraa,*, Ana Lemos de Matosa,b, Helena Areala,b, Andrey A. Lissovskyc, Miguel 11 Carneiroa, Pedro J. Estevesa,d 12 13 aCIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, 14 InBIO, Laboratório Associado, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal 15 bDepartamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, 16 Portugal 17 cZoological Museum of Moscow State University, B. Nikitskaya, 6, Moscow 125009, Russia 18 dCITS, Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias da Saúde, IPSN, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal 19 20 *Corresponding author: José Melo-Ferreira. CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e provided by Repositório Aberto da Universidade do Porto View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk CORE brought to you by 21 Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus Agrário de 22 Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão. Phone: +351 252660411. E-mail: [email protected]. 23 1 1 Abstract 2 3 The clarification of the systematics of pikas (genus Ochotona) has been hindered by largely 4 overlapping morphological characters among species and the lack of a comprehensive molecular 5 phylogeny.
    [Show full text]
  • Lagomorphs: Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World
    LAGOMORPHS 1709048_int_cc2015.indd 1 15/9/2017 15:59 1709048_int_cc2015.indd 2 15/9/2017 15:59 Lagomorphs Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World edited by Andrew T. Smith Charlotte H. Johnston Paulo C. Alves Klaus Hackländer JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY PRESS | baltimore 1709048_int_cc2015.indd 3 15/9/2017 15:59 © 2018 Johns Hopkins University Press All rights reserved. Published 2018 Printed in China on acid- free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Johns Hopkins University Press 2715 North Charles Street Baltimore, Maryland 21218-4363 www .press .jhu .edu Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Smith, Andrew T., 1946–, editor. Title: Lagomorphs : pikas, rabbits, and hares of the world / edited by Andrew T. Smith, Charlotte H. Johnston, Paulo C. Alves, Klaus Hackländer. Description: Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press, 2018. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017004268| ISBN 9781421423401 (hardcover) | ISBN 1421423405 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781421423418 (electronic) | ISBN 1421423413 (electronic) Subjects: LCSH: Lagomorpha. | BISAC: SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Biology / General. | SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Zoology / Mammals. | SCIENCE / Reference. Classification: LCC QL737.L3 L35 2018 | DDC 599.32—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017004268 A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Frontispiece, top to bottom: courtesy Behzad Farahanchi, courtesy David E. Brown, and © Alessandro Calabrese. Special discounts are available for bulk purchases of this book. For more information, please contact Special Sales at 410-516-6936 or specialsales @press .jhu .edu. Johns Hopkins University Press uses environmentally friendly book materials, including recycled text paper that is composed of at least 30 percent post- consumer waste, whenever possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Ochotona Daurica</I>
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei Institut für Biologie der Martin-Luther-Universität / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Halle-Wittenberg Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298 2012 Ochotona daurica Pallas, 1776: Modern and Past Distribution Area in Mongolia and the Transbaikal Region M. A. Erbjeva Geological Institute, Siberian Branch RAS, Ulan-Ude, Russia, [email protected] N. V. Alexeeva Geological Institute, Siberian Branch RAS, Ulan-Ude, Russia, [email protected] T. V. Kisloschaeva Geological Institute, Siberian Branch RAS, Ulan-Ude, Russia, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/biolmongol Part of the Asian Studies Commons, Biodiversity Commons, Environmental Sciences Commons, Nature and Society Relations Commons, and the Other Animal Sciences Commons Erbjeva, M. A.; Alexeeva, N. V.; and Kisloschaeva, T. V., "Ochotona daurica Pallas, 1776: Modern and Past Distribution Area in Mongolia and the Transbaikal Region" (2012). Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298. 5. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/biolmongol/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Institut für Biologie der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298 by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Copyright 2012, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg, Halle (Saale). Used by permission. Erforsch. biol. Ress. Mongolei (Halle/Saale) 2012 (12): 39– 45 Ochotona daurica Pallas, 1776: modern and past distribution area in Mongolia and the Transbaikal region M.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Hexigten (克什克腾), Inner Mongolia, China September, 2019 4 Days (From Beijing), 12 + 1 Mammal Species Zhou Fangyi, [email protected]
    Hexigten (克什克腾), Inner Mongolia, China September, 2019 4 days (from Beijing), 12 + 1 mammal species Zhou Fangyi, [email protected] There are some world-famous mammal watching destinations in China, mainly in Sichuan and Tibet, Western China. Here I share a trip report in Northern China. In Northern China there are fewer species we can see but the travel is convenient. Hexigten is 600 km from capital Beijing, you can drive there by yourself and it takes about 8 hours. I went Hexigten with two friends by self-drive. Travel with an experienced guide would be good for sure. However, we are all novices in mammal watching, so we are satisfied with the harvest. In addition, it was a money-saving trip. We took comfortable hotels and most meals in restaurants, while the cost is not much. Day 1 Beijing – Jingpeng (经棚), Hexigten – Baiyin Obo (白音敖包) – Jingpeng Baiyin Obo is a national nature reserve mainly for Picea mongolica, 1-hour-drive from Jingpeng, the capital town of Hexigten. We arrived there in late afternoon. We didn’t enter the tourist resort but drive into the shrubs on a sand road. We were unfamiliar with the road so we didn’t drive deeply and only saw a tolai hare. Call of Siberian roe deer were heard but no sight. After dark, we lighted the searchlight and found some unidentified rodents as they hide into the hole quickly. While a Gobi jerboa gave us a good view – it stood still and the hole’s mouth and watched us. Then we went back to our hotel in Jingpeng town.
    [Show full text]
  • Klasse Orde Familie Geslacht Soort Ondersoort Vertaling Engels Frans
    Blad1 A B C D E F G H I J K L 1 Klasse Orde Familie Geslacht Soort Ondersoort Vertaling Engels Frans Duits Spaans Nederlands 2 Mammalia Zoogdieren Mammals Mammif ères Säugetiere Mamíferos Zoogdieren 3 Lagomorpha Haasachtigen Lagomorphs Lagomorphes Hasenartige Lagomorfos Haasachtigen 4 Ochotonidae van Ochotona Pikas Ochotone s Pfeifhasen Ochotónidos Fluithazen 5 Ochotona uit het Mongools Pikas Pikas Pfeifhasen Picas Fluithazen 6 O. dauurica Dauria (Rusland) Daurian pika Pika de daourie Daurien-Pfeifhase Pica de Dauria Daurische fluithaas 7 O.d. dauurica Eastern Daurian pika Oostdaurische fluithaas 8 O.d. huangensis Huang He rivier Quinghai Daurian pika Qinghaifluithaas 9 O.d. latibullata grote blaas Uvs Nuur Daurian pika Uvs Nuurfluithaas 10 O. thibetana Tibetaans Moupin pika Pika du Moupin Tibet-Pfeifhase Pica de Moupin Tibetaanse fluithaas 11 O.t. thibetana Forest pika Woudfluithaas 12 O.t. nanggenica Nanggen, China Nanggen pika Nanggenfluithaas 13 O.T. sikimaria Sikkim Sikkim pika Sikkimfluithaas 14 O. syrinx Naam van een nimf Tsing-ling pika Pika des Quinglin Tsing-Ling-Pfeifhase Pica de Tsing-ling Tsing-lingfluithaas 15 O.s. syrinx Dabafluithaas 16 O.s.xunhuaensis Xunhua, China Xunhuafluithaas 17 O. cansus Gansu, China Gansu pika Pika du Gansu Gansu-Pfeifhase Pica de Gansu Gansufluithaas 18 O.c. cansus Gray pika Quillianfluithaas 19 O.c morosa chagrijnig Shensi pika Shaanxifluithaas 20 O.c. stevensi Herbert Stevens Kangding pika Hengduanfluithaas 21 O. nubrica Nubra vallei, India Nubra pika Pika du Nubra Nubra-Pfeifhase Pica de Nubra Nubrafluithaas 22 O.n. nubrica Tuggur pika Ladakhfluithaas 23 O.n. lhasaensis Lhasa, Tibet Lhasa pika Lhasafluithaas 24 O.
    [Show full text]
  • Not So Unique to Primates: the Independent Adaptive Evolution of TRIM5 in Lagomorpha Lineage
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Not so unique to Primates: The independent adaptive evolution of TRIM5 in Lagomorpha lineage Ana AÂ gueda-Pinto1,2, Ana Lemos de Matos3, Ana Pinheiro1,2, Fabiana Neves1, PatrõÂcia de 1,2 1,2,4 Sousa-Pereira , Pedro J. EstevesID * 1 CIBIO/InBioÐCentro de InvestigacËão em Biodiversidade e Recursos GeneÂticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus AgraÂrio de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal, 2 Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto,Porto, Portugal, 3 Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy (CIVV), The a1111111111 Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America, 4 CITSÐCentro de a1111111111 InvestigacËão em Tecnologias da SauÂde, IPSN, CESPU,Gandra, Portugal a1111111111 a1111111111 * [email protected] a1111111111 Abstract The plethora of restriction factors with the ability to inhibit the replication of retroviruses have OPEN ACCESS been widely studied and genetic hallmarks of evolutionary selective pressures in Primates Citation: AÂgueda-Pinto A, Lemos de Matos A, have been well documented. One example is the tripartite motif-containing protein 5 alpha Pinheiro A, Neves F, de Sousa-Pereira P, Esteves (TRIM5α), a cytoplasmic factor that restricts retroviral infection in a species-specific fashion. PJ (2019) Not so unique to Primates: The independent adaptive evolution of TRIM5 in In Lagomorphs, similarly to what has been observed in Primates, the specificity of TRIM5 Lagomorpha lineage. PLoS ONE 14(12): restriction has been assigned to the PRYSPRY domain. In this study, we present the first e0226202. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. insight of an intra-genus variability within the Lagomorpha TRIM5 PRYSPRY domain. pone.0226202 Remarkably, and considering just the 32 residue-long v1 region of this domain, the deduced Editor: Christine A.
    [Show full text]
  • Lagomorphs: Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World
    LAGOMORPHS 1709048_int_cc2015.indd 1 15/9/2017 15:59 1709048_int_cc2015.indd 2 15/9/2017 15:59 Lagomorphs Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World edited by Andrew T. Smith Charlotte H. Johnston Paulo C. Alves Klaus Hackländer JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY PRESS | baltimore 1709048_int_cc2015.indd 3 15/9/2017 15:59 © 2018 Johns Hopkins University Press All rights reserved. Published 2018 Printed in China on acid- free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Johns Hopkins University Press 2715 North Charles Street Baltimore, Maryland 21218-4363 www .press .jhu .edu Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Smith, Andrew T., 1946–, editor. Title: Lagomorphs : pikas, rabbits, and hares of the world / edited by Andrew T. Smith, Charlotte H. Johnston, Paulo C. Alves, Klaus Hackländer. Description: Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press, 2018. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017004268| ISBN 9781421423401 (hardcover) | ISBN 1421423405 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781421423418 (electronic) | ISBN 1421423413 (electronic) Subjects: LCSH: Lagomorpha. | BISAC: SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Biology / General. | SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Zoology / Mammals. | SCIENCE / Reference. Classification: LCC QL737.L3 L35 2018 | DDC 599.32—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017004268 A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Frontispiece, top to bottom: courtesy Behzad Farahanchi, courtesy David E. Brown, and © Alessandro Calabrese. Special discounts are available for bulk purchases of this book. For more information, please contact Special Sales at 410-516-6936 or specialsales @press .jhu .edu. Johns Hopkins University Press uses environmentally friendly book materials, including recycled text paper that is composed of at least 30 percent post- consumer waste, whenever possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Chiroptera, Insectivora, Lagomorpha) from Mongolia with a Description of a New Species of Schizorchis (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae)
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of January 2008 Helminths of Small Mammals (Chiroptera, Insectivora, Lagomorpha) from Mongolia with a Description of a New Species of Schizorchis (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) David S. Tinnin University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Scott Lyell Gardner University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Sumiya Ganzorig Hokkaido University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs Part of the Parasitology Commons Tinnin, David S.; Gardner, Scott Lyell; and Ganzorig, Sumiya, "Helminths of Small Mammals (Chiroptera, Insectivora, Lagomorpha) from Mongolia with a Description of a New Species of Schizorchis (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae)" (2008). Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology. 11. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs/11 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Comp. Parasitol. 75(1), 2008, pp. 107–114 Helminths of Small Mammals (Chiroptera, Insectivora, Lagomorpha) from Mongolia with a Description of a New Species of
    [Show full text]
  • When Curiosity Saves the Cat Using Lures to Increase Effectiveness of Camera Traps When Studying Pallas’S Cat (Otocolobus Manul)
    ANNA-LOTTA HELLQVIST Insitutionen för biologisk grundutbildning Uppsala University, Uppsala Mastersprogramme in Ecology and Conservationbiology When curiosity saves the cat Using lures to increase effectiveness of camera traps when studying Pallas’s cat (Otocolobus manul) Index Summary .................................................................................................................................... 2 Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 4 Background ................................................................................................................................ 5 The Pallas’s cat ....................................................................................................................... 5 Camera trapping ..................................................................................................................... 6 Use of lures in conservation research ..................................................................................... 7 Valeriana ............................................................................................................................. 7 Catnip .................................................................................................................................. 7 Auditory lures ....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Cat Project of the Month – May 2006 the Foraging Ecology And
    Cat Project of the Month – May 2006 The IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group's website (www.catsg.org) presents each month a different cat conservation project. Members of the Cat Specialist Group are encouraged to submit a short description of interesting projects For application use this standardised form (an editable word document) The Foraging Ecology and Conservation of Pallas Cat in Central Mongolia The steppes of Mongolia are one of the few places in the world containing healthy populations of Pallas cat. This project is a joint venture between Mongolian and foreign researchers set up to address our poor understanding of the ecology and conservation issues of Pallas cat by intensive field based research. Steve Ross Steve is currently a PhD Student at the University of Bristol and Mongolian Academy of Sciences, conducting and coordinating full-time field research on Pallas cat in Central Mongolia. He has previously worked on African lions in Botswana. Steve has been a member of the Cat Specialist Group since 2005. [email protected] Steve Ross (Photo J. submitted: 13/03/2006 McGregor) Pallas cat hiding under a rock (Photo J. McGregor) Pallas cat (Otocolobus manul) is a small, unknown cat species endemic to Central Asia. Listed as Near Threatened by the IUCN, the species is thought to be at risk from habitat fragmentation, a declining prey base due to rodent control programs and hunting for furs and traditional medicines. Moreover, it is distributed within the temperate grasslands biome, the least protected of all biomes in the world and increasingly under pressure from economic development and population growth.
    [Show full text]