DOCSLIB.ORG

Energy, Longevity, Brain Health Anti-Inflammatory

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Energy, Longevity, Brain Health Anti-Inflammatory NAD+ Energy, longevity, brain health anti-inflammatory Ray Griffiths MSc Clinical Education Associate Webinar Disclosure Webinars such as this are for educational purposes only and are intended for health care practitioners. These therapies are not substitutions for standard medical care. Practitioners are solely responsible for the care and treatment provided to their own patients. Rajman, L., Chwalek, K. and Sinclair, D.A., 2018. Therapeutic potential of NAD- boosting molecules: the in vivo evidence. Cell metabolism, 27(3), pp.529-547. Covered in this presentation: Energy production Sirtuins (SIRTs) our anti-ageing proteins Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) – DNA repair CD38 – Immune cell surface marker which degrades NAD+ Enzymes - dehydrogenases NAD+ For energy NAD+ a vital part of the energy web of life Flow of energy largely determines the structure of ecosystems via food webs and taste sensors with appetite and quality controls, that avoid toxins but allow self- medication… …diet, along with domestication of microbes as gut symbionts, provide or manufacture vitamins, including nicotinamide/niacin. This vitamin has evolved to supply and translocate energy and information via NAD+ and NADH Williams, A.C., Hill, L.J. and Ramsden, D.B., 2012. Nicotinamide, NAD (P)(H), and methyl-group homeostasis evolved and became a determinant of ageing diseases: hypotheses and lessons from pellagra. Current gerontology and geriatrics research, 2012. Pellagra – in effect an NAD+ deficiency? Overt niacin or NAD+ deficiency is called pellagra Symptoms are dementia, depression, dermatitis, diarrhoea, and death But could subclinical pellagra be driving many chronic Western diseases? Williams, A.C., Hill, L.J. and Ramsden, D.B., 2012. Nicotinamide, NAD (P)(H), and methyl-group homeostasis evolved and became a determinant of ageing diseases: hypotheses and lessons from pellagra. Current gerontology and geriatrics research, 2012. The coenzyme NAD+ was first discovered by the British biochemists Arthur Harden and William John Young in 1906 NAD+ exists in two forms – oxidised and reduced Our mitochondria are effectively solar powered Energy from sunlight is used to remove electrons from water to synthesise plants. We eat the plants, to extract the high energy electrons, and then shuttle them via NADH to the mitochondrial electron transport chain. The high energy electrons are contained in the bond of NAD+ and H+ to form NADH Our mitochondria are effectively solar powered You would think that higher NADH levels are better for health? …but not so fast! When not carrying ‘energy bricks’ NAD+ has other vital roles to play The mitochondrial NAD+ pool is relatively distinct from that of the rest of the cell, while cytoplasmic NAD+/NADH ratios range between 60 and 700 in a typical eukaryotic cell, mitochondrial NAD+/NADH ratios are maintained at 7 to 8 These ratios decline as we age Zhu, X.H., Lu, M., Lee, B.Y., Ugurbil, K. and Chen, W., 2015. In vivo NAD assay reveals the intracellular NAD contents and redox state in healthy human brain and their age dependences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, p.201417921. Stein, L.R. and Imai, S.I., 2012. The dynamic regulation of NAD metabolism in mitochondria. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 23(9), pp.420-428. NAD + decreases as we age NADH increases as we age It’s estimated that by 40-50, most people will have half the NAD+ levels of their youth Zhu, X.H., Lu, M., Lee, B.Y., Ugurbil, K. and Chen, W., 2015. In vivo NAD assay reveals the intracellular NAD contents and redox state in healthy human brain and their age dependences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, p.201417921. Schultz, M.B. and Sinclair, D.A., 2016. Why NAD+ declines during aging: it’s destroyed. Cell metabolism, 23(6), pp.965-966. A lower NAD+/NADH ratio is strongly implicated in mitochondrial disorders and, age- related disorders including diaBetes, oBesity, neurodegeneration and cancer The NAD+/NADH ratio is in equilibrium with the pyruvate/lactate ratio Srivastava, S., 2016. Emerging therapeutic roles for NAD+ metabolism in mitochondrial and age-related disorders. Clinical and Translational Medicine, 5(1), pp.1-11. Mintun, M.A., Vlassenko, A.G., Rundle, M.M. and Raichle, M.E., 2004. Increased lactate/pyruvate ratio augments blood flow in physiologically activated human brain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101(2), pp.659-664. Parkinson’s patient organic acid results from Great Plains and Genova Same urine sample! Oxidative stress in schizophrenia The importance of the NAD+/NADH Ratio In the 1960s, psychiatrists Abraham Hoffer and Humphry Osmond gave as much as 17g of niacin to schizophrenic patients with impressive results Recent research has pointed to a dramatic drop in the NAD+/NADH Ratio during a patient’s first episode of schizophrenia. This fall in the ratio points to very high levels of oxidative stress within the central nervous system of the patient It is likely that Hoffer and Osmond were effectively increasing the NAD+/NADH ratio to support schizophrenic patients Carter, S., 2019. Origins of Orthomolecular Medicine. Integrative Medicine: A Clinician's Journal, 18(3), p.76. Kim, S.Y., Cohen, B.M., Chen, X., Lukas, S.E., Shinn, A.K., Yuksel, A.C., Li, T., Du, F. and Öngür, D., 2017. Redox dysregulation in schizophrenia revealed by in vivo NAD+/NADH measurement. Schizophrenia bulletin, 43(1), pp.197-204. NAD+ and caffeine to support motor neurons Green tea also supports Nmnat2 Zwilling, M., Theiss, C. and Matschke, V., 2020. Caffeine and NAD+ improve motor neural integrity of dissociated wobbler cells in vitro. Antioxidants, 9(6), p.46 Lau, C., 2008. Functional characterisation of three human nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferases. Human PD patient stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons exhibit reduced NAD+ levels Fulleylove-Krause, B., Sison, S. and Ebert, A., 2020. Nicotinamide mononucleotide treatment increases NAD+ levels in an iPSC Model of Parkinsons Disease. bioRxiv. Parkinson’s disease is often linked with mitochondrial complex I dysfunction Complex I dysfunction is translated to an increased production of reactive oxygen species and a decreased energy supply NNAD+/NADH Tapias, V., McCoy, J.L. and Greenamyre, J.T., 2019. Phenothiazine normalizes the NADH/NAD+ ratio, maintains mitochondrial integrity and protects the nigrostriatal dopamine system in a chronic rotenone model of Parkinson's disease. Redox biology, 24, p.101164. Marella, M., Seo, B.B., Yagi, T. and Matsuno-Yagi, A., 2009. Parkinson’s disease and mitochondrial complex I: a perspective on the Ndi1 therapy. Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes, 41(6), pp.493-497. NAD+ proteoxicity and AGEs Lowered NAD+ availability can lead to generation of methylglyoxal from glycolytic intermediates …which in turn can damage proteins (AGEs), promote generation of reactive oxygen species and induce mitochondrial dysfunction Methylglyoxal = AGEs Low NAD+ blocks glycolysis with catastrophic results Hipkiss, A.R., 2010. NAD+ and metabolic regulation of age-related proteoxicity: A possible role for methylglyoxal?. Experimental gerontology, 45(6), pp.395-399. So is oBesity really an NAD+ deficiency? Is it a desperate attempt to shunt excess energy into adipose tissue to regenerate vital NAD+? Williams, A.C., Hill, L.J. and Ramsden, D.B., 2012. Nicotinamide, NAD (P)(H), and methyl-group homeostasis evolved and became a determinant of ageing diseases: hypotheses and lessons from pellagra. Current gerontology and geriatrics research, 2012. Chronic alcohol binging injures the liver and other organs by reducing NAD+ levels French, S.W., 2016. Chronic alcohol binging injures the liver and other organs by reducing NAD+ levels required for sirtuin's deacetylase activity. Experimental and molecular pathology, 100(2), pp.303-306. Pau D’arco helps regenerate NAD+ from NADH β-lapachone from the herb Pau D’arco is a metabolite that modulates cellular NAD+ by conversion of NADH to NAD+ via the enzymatic action of NADH: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) https://thegutclub.org/enduracell-sulforaphane/ Kim, H.J., Cao, W., Oh, G.S., Lee, S., Shen, A., Khadka, D., Lee, S.B., Sharma, S., Kim, S.Y., Choe, S.K. and Kwak, T.H., 2019. Augmentation of cellular NAD+ by NQO1 enzymatic action improves age-related hearing impairment. Aging cell, 18(5), p.e13016. Niacin Increases NAD+ Significantly – supports mitochondrial function NAD+ levels can be rescued by a potent NAD+ booster niacin. Niacin remarkably restores muscle and systemic NAD+ and provides metabolic and functional benefits for patients with mitochondrial myopathy Up to 1g a day of niacin was used for 4 months Pirinen, E., Auranen, M., Khan, N.A., Brilhante, V., Urho, N., Pessia, A., Hakkarainen, A., Kuula, J., Heinonen, U., Schmidt, M.S. and Haimilahti, K., 2020. Niacin cures systemic NAD+ deficiency and improves muscle performance in adult-onset mitochondrial myopathy. Cell metabolism, 31(6), pp.1078-1090. NAD+ can Be increased by exercise, calorie restriction and nutritional precursors Nutritional Ketosis Increases NAD+/NADH Ratio in the Human Brain Nutritional ketosis – blood levels 0.5 to 3 mg/dL Xin, L., Ipek, Ö., Beaumont, M., Shevlyakova, M., Christinat, N., Masoodi, M., Greenberg, N., Gruetter, R. and Cuenoud, B., 2018. Nutritional ketosis increases NAD+/NADH ratio in healthy human brain: an in vivo study by 31P-MRS. Frontiers in nutrition, 5, p.62. Poljsak, B. and Milisav, I., 2016. NAD+ as the link between oxidative stress, inflammation, caloric restriction, exercise, DNA repair, longevity, and health span. Rejuvenation research, 19(5), pp.406-413. Four ways to generate NAD + Plus don’t forget calorie restriction, exercise, healthy diet and not too much alcohol! Stein, L.R. and Imai, S.I., 2012. The dynamic regulation of NAD metabolism in mitochondria. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 23(9), pp.420-428. Supplements to generate NAD+ Nicotinamide Riboside Nicotinamide Dietary tryptophan Nicotinamide mononucleotide Niacin (extended release niacin may be preferable to avoid flushing) Some sources warn of the risk of liver toxicity when supplementing niacin/nicotinamide in excess of 3000mg per day Stein, L.R.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Recipients of Honoris Causa Degrees and of Scholarships and Awards 1999
    Recipients of Honoris Causa Degrees and of Scholarships and Awards 1999 Contents HONORIS CAUSA DEGREES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE- Members of the Royal Family 1 Other Distinguished Graduates 1-9 SCHOLARSHIPS AND AWARDS- The Royal Commission of the Exhibition of 1851 Science Research Scholarships 1891-1988 10 Rhodes Scholars elected for Victoria 1904- 11 Royal Society's Rutherford Scholarship Holders 1952- 11 Aitchison Travelling Scholarship (from 1950 Aitchison-Myer) Holders 1927- 12 Sir Arthur Sims Travelling Scholarship Holders 1951- 12 Rae and Edith Bennett Travelling Scholarship Holders 1979- 13 Stella Mary Langford Scholarship Holders 1979- 13 University of Melbourne Travelling Scholarships Holders 1941-1983 14 Sir William Upjohn Medal 15 University of Melbourne Silver Medals 1966-1985 15 University of Melbourne Medals (new series) 1987 - Silver 16 Gold 16 31/12/99 RECIPIENTS OF HONORIS CAUSA DEGREES AND OF SCHOLARSHIPS AND AWARDS Honoris Causa Degrees of the University of Melbourne (Where recipients have degrees from other universities this is indicated in brackets after their names.) MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL FAMILY 1868 His Royal Highness Prince Alfred Ernest Albert, Duke of Edinburgh (Edinburgh) LLD 1901 His Royal Highness Prince George Frederick Ernest Albert, Duke of York (afterwards King George V) (Cambridge) LLD 1920 His Royal Highness Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David, Prince of Wales (afterwards King Edward VIII) (Oxford) LLD 1927 His Royal Highness Prince Albert Frederick Arthur George,
    [Show full text]
  • The Autobiography of Patience Loader Rozsa Archer
    Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All USU Press Publications USU Press 2006 Recollections of Past Days: The Autobiography of Patience Loader Rozsa Archer Sandra Ailey Petree Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/usupress_pubs Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Archer, P. L., & Petree, S. A. (2006). Recollections of past days: The autobiography of Patience Loader Rozsa Archer. Logan, Utah: Utah State University Press. This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the USU Press at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All USU Press Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recollections of Past Days The Autobiography of PATIENCE LOADER ROZSA ARCHER Edited by Sandra Ailey Petree Recollections of Past Days The Autobiography of Patience Loader Rozsa Archer Volume 8 Life Writings of Frontier Women A Series Edited by Maureen Ursenbach Beecher Volume 1 Winter Quarters The 1846 –1848 Life Writings of Mary Haskin Parker Richards Edited by Maurine Carr Ward Volume 2 Mormon Midwife The 1846 –1888 Diaries of Patty Bartlett Sessions Edited by Donna Toland Smart Volume 3 The History of Louisa Barnes Pratt Being the Autobiography of a Mormon Missionary Widow and Pioneer Edited by S. George Ellsworth Volume 4 Out of the Black Patch The Autobiography of Effi e Marquess Carmack Folk Musician, Artist, and Writer Edited by Noel A. Carmack and Karen Lynn Davidson Volume 5 The Personal Writings of Eliza Roxcy Snow Edited by Maureen Ursenbach Beecher Volume 6 A Widow’s Tale The 1884–1896 Diary of Helen Mar Kimball Whitney Transcribed and Edited by Charles M.
    [Show full text]
  • Metabolic Tracing of NAD Precursors Using Strategically Labelled Isotopes of NMN
    A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Metabolic tracing of NAD+ precursors using strategically labelled isotopes of NMN by Lynn-Jee Kim Supervisors Dr. Lindsay E. Wu (Primary) Prof. David A. Sinclair (Joint-Primary) Dr. Lake-Ee Quek (Co-supervisor) School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname/Family Name: Kim Given Name/s: Lynn-Jee Abbreviation for degree as give in PhD the University calendar: Faculty: Faculty of Medicine School: School of Medical Sciences + Thesis Title: Metabolic tracing of NAD precursors using strategically labelled isotopes of NMN Abstract 350 words maximum: (PLEASE TYPE) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an important cofactor and substrate for hundreds of cellular processes involved in redox homeostasis, DNA damage repair and the stress response. NAD+ declines with biological ageing and in age-related diseases such as diabetes and strategies to restore intracellular NAD+ levels are emerging as a promising strategy to protect against metabolic dysfunction, treat age-related conditions and promote healthspan and longevity. One of the most effective ways to increase NAD+ is through pharmacological supplementation with NAD+ precursors such as nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) which can be orally delivered. Long term administration of NMN in mice mitigates age-related physiological decline and alleviates the pathophysiologies associated with a high fat diet- and age-induced diabetes. Despite such efforts, there are certain aspects of NMN metabolism that are poorly understood. In this thesis, the mechanisms involved in the utilisation and transport of orally administered NMN were investigated using strategically labelled isotopes of NMN and mass spectrometry.
    [Show full text]
  • Elucidation of the Developmental and Physiological Roles of Nad+ Biosynthetic Pathways
    The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ELUCIDATION OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLES OF NAD+ BIOSYNTHETIC PATHWAYS A Dissertation in Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology by Melanie R. McReynolds © 2017 Melanie R. McReynolds Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2017 The dissertation of Melanie R. McReynolds was reviewed and approved* by the following: Wendy Hanna-Rose Associate Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Dissertation Advisor Chair of Committee Craig E. Cameron Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Eberly Chair in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Teh-hui Kao Distinguished Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Chair of Plant Biology Graduate Program Lorraine Santy Associate Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pamela A. Hankey-Giblin Professor of Immunology Andrew D. Patterson Associate Professor of Molecular Toxicology Special Signatory David Gilmour Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology Co-Director for Graduate Education in BMMB *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School iii ABSTRACT NAD+ biosynthesis has proven to be an attractive and promising therapeutic target for influencing healthspan and obesity-related phenotypes as well as tumor growth. However, NAD+ is a key metabolite that impacts the entire metabolome. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate exactly how manipulating NAD+ biosynthetic pathways can lead to therapeutic benefits. Also, it is imperative to characterize the unexpected adverse reactions to manipulating the biosynthetic pathways to fully utilize this target for drug discovery. The goal of our research is to understand how NAD+ homeostasis is maintained to support its core metabolic roles and its signaling and regulatory roles involving NAD+ consumers.
    [Show full text]
  • Recipients of Honoris Causa Degrees and of Scholarships and Awards
    Recipients of Honoris Causa Degrees and of Scholarships and Awards 2000 Contents HONORIS CAUSA DEGREES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE- Members of the Royal Family 1 Other Distinguished Graduates 1-9 SCHOLARSHIPS AND AWARDS- The Royal Commission of the Exhibition of 1851 Science Research Scholarships 1891-1988 10 Rhodes Scholars elected for Victoria 1904- 11 Royal Society's Rutherford Scholarship Holders 1952- 11 Aitchison Travelling Scholarship (from 1950 Aitchison-Myer) Holders 1927- 12 Sir Arthur Sims Travelling Scholarship Holders 1951- 12 Rae and Edith BenneU Travelling Scholarship Holders 1979- 13 Stella Mary Langford Scholarship Holders 1979- 13 University of Melbourne Travelling Scholarships Holders 1941-1983 14 Sir William Upjohn Medal 15 University of Melbourne Silver Medals 1966-1985 15 University of Melbourne Medals (new series) 1987- Silver 16 Gold 16 31/12/00 RECIPIENTS OF HONORIS CAUSA DEGREES AND OF SCHOLARSHIPS AND AWARDS Honoris Causa Degrees of the University of Melbourne (Where recipients have degrees from other universities this is indicated in brackets after their names ) MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL FAMILY 1868 His Royal Highness Prince Alfred Ernest Albert, Duke of Edinburgh (Edinburgh) LLD 1901 His Royal Highness Prince George Frederick Ernest Albert, Duke of York (afterwards King George V) (Cambridge) LLD 1920 His Royal Highness Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David, Prince of Wales (afterwards King Edward Vlll) (Oxford) LLD 1927 His Royal Highness Prince Albert Frederick Arthur George, Duke of York (afterwards
    [Show full text]
  • Vasco De Almeida Lucas Redes Metabólicas No Envelhecimento E
    Universidade de Aveiro: Departamento de Ciências Médicas Ano 2019 Vasco de Almeida Redes metabólicas no envelhecimento e Lucas doenças relacionadas com o envelhecimento Metabolic networks in aging and age-related diseases This work was supported by projects pAGE (CENTRO2020 CENTRO-01-0145- FEDER-000003) and iBiMED (UID/BIM/04501/2019, project POCI-01- 0145-FEDER-007628) 2 Universidade de Aveiro: Departamento de Ciências Médicas Ano 2019 Vasco de Almeida Redes metabólicas no envelhecimento e Lucas doenças relacionadas com o envelhecimento Metabolic networks in aging and age-related diseases Tese apresentada à Universidade de Aveiro para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Biomedicina Molecular, realizada sob a orientação científica do Doutora Raquel M Silva, Investigadora Auxiliar, Universidade Católica Portuguesa This work was supported by projects pAGE (CENTRO2020 CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000003) and iBiMED (UID/BIM/04501/2019, project POCI- 01-0145-FEDER-007628) 3 4 O júri President Prof. Doutor Ramiro Almeida professor Auxiliar do Departamento de Ciências Médicas da Universidade de Aveiro Prof. Doutora Ana Cristina de Fraga Esteves professora Auxiliar, Universidade Católica Portuguesa Prof. Doutora Raquel M. Silva investigadora Auxiliar, Universidade Católica Portuguesa 5 6 This work would not be possible without some people and institutions to whom I want to express my gratitude. Agradecimentos Firstly, for accepting and providing all de condition necessary to the development of this work, I want to thank Aveiro University specially to the Medical Sciences Department, the Institute of Biomedicine and the Institute of Electronic and Telematic Engineering of Aveiro, IEETA. To Dra. Raquel Silva for all the effort invested in this work, all the conditions, arrangements and considerations, all the teachings, advices and guidance that allowed me to make my way through all this process.
    [Show full text]
  • Thiamine Pyrophosphate
    CO-ENZYMES Coenzymes are organic non-protein molecules that bind with the protein molecule (apoenzyme) to form the active enzyme (holoenzyme). » Coenzymes are small molecules. » They cannot catalyze a reaction by themselves but they can help enzymes to do so. Example: Thiamine pyrophosphate, FAD, pantothenic acid etc. Salient features of coenzyme: Coenzymes are heat stable. They are low-molecular weight substances. The coenzymes combine loosely with the enzyme molecules and so, the coenzyme can be separated easily by dialysis. When the reaction is completed, the coenzyme is released from the apo-enzyme, and goes to some other reaction site. Thiamine pyrophosphate: Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), or thiamine diphosphate (ThDP), is a thiamine derivative, is also known as vitamin B1. Biological Function of Thiamine pyrophosphate: It maintains: The normal function of the heart; Normal carbohydrate and energy-yielding metabolism; The normal function of the nervous system; Normal neurological development and function; Normal psychological functions. Flavin Coenzymes: Flavin mono nucleotide (FMN) Flavin adenine di nucleotide (FMD) Flavin is the common name for a group of organic compounds based on pteridine,. The biochemical source is the riboflavin. It is commonly know as Vitamin B2. The flavin often attached with an adenosine diphosphate to form flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD),and, in other circumstances, is found as flavin mononucleotide (FMN). Biological Functions and Importance: Normal energy-yielding metabolism; Normal metabolism of iron in the body; The maintenance of normal skin and mucous membranes; The maintenance of normal red blood cells; The maintenance of normal vision; The maintenance of the normal function of the nervous system. TH4 or Tetrahydrofolic acid: Tetrahydrofolic acid, or tetrahydrofolate, is a folic acid derivative.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 78, No. 4, October 2014
    Inside Volume 78, No.4, October 2014 Articles and Features 148 Thermodynamic modelling of reactions in materials chemistry Ian Brown 154 What makes a metal? Nicola Gaston 158 Wohlmann’s waters and the Colonial Laboratory Peter Hodder 164 Nanocomposites: From ancient masterpieces to value-adding nanotechnology Andrea N. D. Kolb 168 Obituary: Dr Ian Walker Mike Crean 169 Some unremembered chemists: Sir Arthur Harden, FRS (1865-1940) & William John Young (1878-1942) Brian Halton 179 Results of the reader survey Other Columns 138 Comment from the President 176 Patent Proze 138 From the Editor 181 Conference Calendar 139 Membership update 182 Author Index 140 NZIC April News 183 Subject Index 174 Dates of Note 137 Chemistry in New Zealand October 2014 Comment from the President In June, I attended the opening Ms Jennifer Mason, Ferrier Research Institute function and some of the proceed- Dr Phillip Rendle, Ferrier Research Institute ings of a meeting of the Organis- Congratulations to all prize winners and new Fellows of the ing Committee of Pacifichem 2015 Institute. in Queenstown. This was the first meeting of the Pacifichem Organ- Here at Waikato, we recently held the annual Analytical ising Committee ever to be held in Chemistry competition for Year 13 students. It is a real plea- New Zealand and the New Zealand sure to see the excellent practical results that some of these Institute of Chemistry was nomi- young analysts can achieve and the beautifully laid out and nally the host. I very much enjoyed accurate calculations that the very best teams manage. All President/Editor meeting the members of the com- teams enjoyed the day and it is a wonderful chance for stu- mittee who represent many of the dents and their teachers alike to meet University staff and in countries of the Pacific basin.
    [Show full text]
  • Front Matter (PDF)
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OE LONDON Series B CONTAINING PAPERS OF A BIOLOGICAL CHARACTER YOL. LXXXII. LONDON: P rinted for THE ROYAL SOCIETY and Sold by HARRISON AND SONS, ST. MARTIN’S LANE, PRINTERS IN ORDINARY TO HIS LATE MAJESTY. September, 1910. LONDON HARRISON AND SONS, PRINTERS IN ORDINARY TO HIS LATE MAJESTY, ST. m a r t in 's LANE. CONTENTS. -------- o o j ^ o o -------- SERIES B. VOL. LXXXII. No. B 552.—December 20, 1909. PAGE Experimental Researches on Vegetable Assimilation and Respiration. V.—A Critical Examination of Sachs’ Method for using Increase of Dry Weight as a Measure of Carbon Dioxide Assimilation in Leaves. By D. Thoday, M.A., Mackinnon Student of the Royal Society, late Frank Smart Student of the University of Cambridge. Communicated by Dr. F. F. Blackman, F.R.S.......... 1 Sleeping Sickness in Uganda.—Duration of the Infectivity of the Glossina after the Removal of the Lake-shore Population. By Colonel Sir David Bruce, C.B., F.R.S., Army Medical Service ; Captains A. E. Hamerton, D.S.O., and H. R. Bateman, Royal Army Medical Corps ; and Captain F. P. Mackie, Indian Medical Service. (Sleeping Sickness Commission of the Royal Society, 1908-09) ........................................................................................................................ 56 Glossina palpalis as a Carrier of Trypanosoma vivax in Uganda. By Colonel Sir David Bruce, C.B., F.R.S., Army Medical Service; Captains A. E. Hamerton, D.S.O., and H. R. Bateman, Royal Army Medical Corps ; and Captain F. P. Mackie, Indian Medical Service. (Sleeping Sickness Commission of the Royal Society, 1908-09) ................................................................................. 63 On the Presence of Haem-agglutinins, Haem-opsonins, and Heemolysins in the Blood obtained from Infectious and Non-Infectious Diseases in Man.
    [Show full text]
  • Cytoplastic Nad+ Biosynthesis Affects Gonad Development In
    The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology CYTOPLASTIC NAD+ BIOSYNTHESIS AFFECTS GONAD DEVELOPMENT IN CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS A Thesis in Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology by Muya Shu © 2016 Muya Shu Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science May 2016 ii The thesis of Muya Shu was reviewed and approved* by the following: Wendy Hanna-Rose Associate Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Thesis Advisor Lorraine Santy Associate Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Zhi-Chun Lai Professor of Biology and Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Scott B. Selleck Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Head of the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School. iii ABSTRACT In recent years, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) has gained renewed attention from scientists. This is because NAD+ serves not only as a cofactor but also as a substrate for numerous enzymes that are widely dispersed in cellular signaling reactions. These signaling pathways affect many aspects of organisms, like aging, development, circadian rhythm and axon pathology. However, the mechanism that NAD+ homeostasis influences development is still elusive. In my project, I used the C. elegans pnc-1(pk9506) mutant as a model to understand why blocked NAD+ salvage biosynthesis delays gonad development. Our lab has found that blocking salvage NAD+ biosynthesis affects gonad developmental progression in worms. My project was to investigate the mechanism linking NAD+ production to gonad development in C. elegans. Because the block in salvage synthesis had already been linked to a deficit in glycolysis, I hypothesized that disrupted glycolysis caused by NAD+ deficiency leads to the gonad developmental defects.
    [Show full text]
  • Recipients of Honoris Causa Degrees and of Scholarships and Awards
    Recipients of Honoris Causa Degrees and of Scholarships and Awards 2003 Contents HONORIS CAUSA DEGREES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE- Members of the Royal Family 1 Other Distinguished Graduates I-10 SCHOLARSHIPS AND AWARDS- The Royal Commission of the Exhibition of 1851 Science Research Scholarships 1891-1988 II Rhodes Scholars elected for Victoria 1904- 12 Royal Society's Rutherford Scholarship Holders 1952- 13 Aitchison Travelling Scholarship (from 1950 Aitchison-Myer) Holders 1927- 13 Sir Arthur Sims Travelling Scholarship Holders 1951- 14 Rae and Edith Bennett Travelling Scholarship Holders 1979- 14 Stella Mary Langford Scholarship Holders 1979- 14 University of Melbourne Travelling Scholarships Holders 1941-1983 15 Sir William Upjohn Medal 16 University of Melbourne Silver Medals 1966-1985 16 University of Melbourne Medals (new series) 1987- Silver 17 Gold 17 31/12/03 RECIPIENTS OF HONORIS CAUSA DEGREES AND OF SCHOLARSHIPS AND AWARDS Honoris Causa Degrees of the University of Melbourne (Where recipients have degrees from other universities this is indicated in brackets after their names.) MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL FAMILY 1868 His Royal Highness Prince Alfred Ernest Albert, Duke of Edinburgh (Edinburgh) LLD 1901 His Royal Highness Prince George Frederick Ernest Albert, Duke of York (afterwards King George V) (Cambridge) LU) 1920 His Royal Highness Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patnck David, Prince of Wales (afterwards King Edward VIII) (O.xford) LLD 1927 His Royal Highness Prince Albert Frederick Arthur George, Duke of York (afterwards
    [Show full text]
  • Universite Paris-Sud
    UNIVERSITE PARIS-SUD ÉCOLE DOCTORALE : SCIENCES DU VÉGÉTAL Institut de Biologie des Plantes DISCIPLINE : BIOLOGIE THÈSE DE DOCTORAT Soutenance prévue le Vendredi 17/10/2014 par Linda de BONT Importance de l’homéostasie du NAD dans la productivité et la résistance aux stress chez Arabidopsis thaliana Composition du jury : Directeur de thèse : Bertrand GAKIERE Maître de Conférences (Université Paris-Sud) Rapporteurs : François BOUTEAU Maître de Conférences (Université Paris-Diderot) Yves GIBON Directeur de Recherches (INRA Bordeaux) Examinateurs : Guillaume TCHERKEZ Professeur (Université Paris-Sud) Dao-Xiu ZHOU Professeur (Université Paris-Sud) Président du jury : Anis LIMAMI Professeur (Université d’Angers) Thèse préparée au sein de l’Institut de Biologie des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche CNRS – Université Paris Sud, (UMR 8618) RésuméChapitre - Abstract I Le développement et le fonctionnement harmonieux des plantes dépendent de cofacteurs comme le nicotinamide adénine dinucléotide (NAD). Outre ses rôles dans le recyclage rédox, le NAD est aussi impliqué dans des processus de signalisation cellulaire, particulièrement sollicités en situation de stress. Cela fait du NAD l’un des déterminants majeurs de l’homéostasie énergétique des plantes et donc des rendements des cultures. Par une approche de génétique inverse ciblant la L-aspartate oxydase (AO), première enzyme de la voie de biosynthèse du NAD, nous avons obtenu des plantes aux teneurs constitutivement augmentées et diminuées en nucléotides à pyridine. L’étude de ces plantes a permis d’établir que (1) le NAD stimule la croissance, le développement et la productivité des plantes, (2) coordonne les métabolismes photosynthétique, respiratoire et azoté, et (3) intervient dans les mécanismes de résistance aux stress biotiques et abiotiques.
    [Show full text]