XXXV:1) FW Murnau: SUNRISE: AS ONG of TWO HUMANS (1927
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August 29, 2017 (XXXV:1) F.W. Murnau: SUNRISE: A SONG OF TWO HUMANS (1927), 94 min. (The online version of this handout has color images and hot url links.) Registry by the National Film Preservation Board, 1989 Directed by F.W. Murnau Written by Carl Mayer (scenario), Hermann Sudermann (original theme by), Katherine Hilliker (titles) and H.H. Caldwell (titles) Produced by William Fox (uncredited) Music R.H. Bassett (Los Angeles premiere) (uncredited), Carli Elinor (Los Angeles premiere) (uncredited), Erno Rapee (New York premiere) (uncredited), Hugo Riesenfeld (uncredited), Willy Schmidt-Gentner Barry Norton…Ballroom Dancer / Kissing Couple (uncredited) (uncredited) Cinematography Charles Rosher & Karl Struss Robert Parrish…Boy (uncredited) Film Editing Harold D. Schuster (uncredited) Sally Phipps…Ballroom Dancer / Kissing Couple (uncredited) Cast Harry Semels…Carnival Gallery Man with Pig George O'Brien…The Man (uncredited) Janet Gaynor…The Wife Phillips Smalley…Head Waiter (uncredited) Margaret Livingston…The Woman from the City Leo White…Barber (uncredited) Bodil Rosing…The Maid Clarence Wilson…Money Lender (uncredited) J. Farrell MacDonald…The Photographer Ralph Sipperly…The Barber F.W. MURNAU (b. Friedrich Wilhelm Plumpe on Jane Winton…The Manicure Girl December 28, 1888 in Bielefeld, NorthRhine-Westphalia, Arthur Housman…The Obtrusive Gentleman Germany—d. March 11, 1931, age 42, in Santa Barbara, Eddie Boland…The Obliging Gentleman California) has been called “the greatest poet the screen Herman Bing…Streetcar Conductor (uncredited) has ever known” by French film theorist and director Sidney Bracey…Dance Hall Manager (uncredited) Alexandre Astruc. German director Murnau did more than Gino Corrado…Manager of Hair Salon (uncredited) any of his contemporaries to liberate the cinema from Sally Eilers…Woman in Dance Hall (uncredited) theatrical and literary conventions, achieving a seamless Gibson Gowland…Angry Driver (uncredited) narrative fluency by freeing the camera to discover varied Fletcher Henderson…Performer - Song: 'Tozo' perspectives in the medium’s fledgling stages. According (uncredited) to TCM: “Criticized for facile, underdeveloped characters, Thomas Jefferson…Old Seaman (uncredited) Murnau was more a painter than a novelist, his art more Bob Kortman…Villager (uncredited) concerned with mood and rhythm than whether his F.W. Murnau…Dancer (uncredited) characters were dimensional. He was a master chiaroscurist, brilliantly orchestrating a world moving Murnau—SUNRISE—2 between lightness and shadows, exemplified by his most Sunrise (1927). O’Brien remained popular until sound well-known film Nosferatu, eine Symphonie des Grauens came along. By that time, his popularity was sliding, but (Nosferatu the Vampire, Nosferatu, a Symphony of he did make the transition to sound. With his rugged looks Horror, 1922). While many film historians consider the and physical size, he soon became a cowboy star. He was film to be Murnau’s masterpiece, it received a mixed in some of the best stories ever written, Riders of the initial critical reception. The estate of Bram Stoker sued Purple Sage (1931), and in the producers for unauthorized use of the novel and an dozens of unmemorable English court ordered all copies and negatives of the film westerns and crime films with to be destroyed. Fortunately, this could not be enforced in such titles as Bullet Code Germany, though the producers divested themselves of all (1940), The Marshal of Mesa materials by selling them to Deutsche Film Produktion. As City (1939), The Fighting a child, Murnau wanted to be an actor. Because his parents Gringo (1939), Racketeers of were against his ambition to go to the theater and because the Range (1939), Lawless they also did not accept his homosexuality he changed his Valley (1938), The Renegade name from Friedrich Wilhelm Plumpe to Friedrich Ranger (1938), Border G-Men Wilhelm Murnau. He studied art and literature history at (1938), Frontier Marshal the University of Heidelberg. During World War I, he was (1934) and The Gay Caballero a combat pilot. After World War I he went back to (1932). He would appear in a Germany where he met the important theater man Max few films outside the horse set, such as Ever Since Eve Reinhardt. Reinhardt was impressed by Murnau and he (1934), but those roles would be few. By the end of the admitted him to the Max-Reinhardt acting school. There 1930s, George was still a popular 'B' movie Cowboy Star, he not only learnt acting but as also introduced to the but he would not take the parts as seriously as he did a direction. Signed by William Fox in 1926, he remained decade before. During World War II, he hung up his under contract until 1929. During his tenure he brought spurs, and he re-enlisted in the Navy where he fought in much prestige but little financial reward to the studio the Pacific and was decorated many times. After the war, through the expensively-produced Sunrise (1927), for when he would not find work in acting, his old friend John which he was effectively given carte blanche. Much of the Ford gave him work with the cavalry in three of his films. success of this film was the result of Murnau’s creative He was also in three memorable John Ford films in the collaboration with his German art director Rochus Gliese. 1940s: She Wore a Yellow Ribbon (1949), Fort Apache Many of Murnau’s expressionist techniques were later (1948), and, as the narrator, in December 7th (1943). emulated by other Hollywood directors and changed cinema forever. In 2000, Murnau was played by John JANET GAYNOR (b. Laura Malkovich in Shadow Of The Vampire, an outrageous Gainor on October 6,1906 in caricature of the real man which angered many of the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania—d. director’s admirers. In July 2015 Murnau's grave was September 14, 1984, age 77, in broken into, the remains disturbed and the skull removed Palm Springs, California) by persons unknown. Wax residue was reportedly found at appeared uncredited in 20 the site, leading some to speculate that candles had been films [Cupid's Rustler (1924) lit, perhaps with an occult or ceremonial significance. As to Don't Shoot (1926)] before this disturbance was not an isolated incident, the cemetery getting her name on the screen managers are considering sealing the grave. Of the 21 for the first time in The films Murnau directed, 8 have been completely lost. One Midnight Kiss (1926). After, reel of his feature Marizza, genannt die Schmuggler- she appeared in 40 other films, the best known of which is Madonna (1922) survives, too. Especially his lost A Star is Born (1937). She also appeared in The Farmer American film 4 Devils (1928) is a major loss of silent Takes a Wife (1935), Tess of the Storm Country, and cinema art. Check your attic. Daddy Long Legs 1931. She was the first actress to win the Academy Award as best actress. In the early years, GEORGE O'BRIEN (b. April 19, 1900 in San actors could receive one Oscar for several films. Gaynor Francisco—d. September 4, 1985, age 86, in Tulsa, won for Sunrise (1927), 7th Heaven (1927) and Street Oklahoma) appeared in 84 films from White Hands in Angel (1928). For her outstanding performance in A Star 1922 to Cheyenne Autumn in 1964. In 1924, Director John is Born she was nominated for another Oscar, but lost to Ford picked virtually unknown George to star in his first Luise Rainer's performance in The Good Earth (1937), her picture, The Iron Horse (1924). Over the next two years, second in as many tries. After appearing in The Young in he would appear in four more Ford films and would co- Heart (1938), Janet didn't appear in another film until her star with Janet Gaynor in The Blue Eagle (1926) and role as Pat Boone’s mother in Bernardine (1957). Her last Murnau—SUNRISE—3 performance was in a Broadway version of Harold and Oscar award for cinematography at the first Academy Maude. Awards, for Sunrise (1927). He received three additional Oscar nominations for Aloma of the South Seas (1941), MARGARET LIVINGSTON (b. November 25, 1900 in The Sign of the Cross (1932) and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Salt Lake City, UT—d. December 13, 1984, age 84, in (1931). Karl Struss was not only one of the first Warrington, Pennsylvania) first appeared in The Invisible cinematographers to work in color (he shot in two-strip Chain (1916); her last film was The Social Register Technicolor on the original screen version of Ben-Hur: A (1934). From the age of 16 she played leading roles in the Tale of the Christ (1925), he also was a pioneer in three- silents, usually as vamps or the "other woman". Her voice dimensional cinematography in the 1940s and 1950s. presented no problem when talking pictures came into Some of his other 137 films were The Deerslayer (1957), vogue' in fact, she dubbed Louise Brooks in the mystery Mesa of Lost Women (1953), Limelight (1952), Rocketship The Canary Murder Case (1929). She was married for 31 X-M (1950), The Macomber Affair (1947), Tarzan and the years to bandleader Paul Whiteman. She was also the Leopard Woman (1946), The Great Dictator (1940) and mistress of Thomas H. Ince and on the fateful trip aboard Island of Lost Souls (1933). the Hearst yacht when Ince was shot two days before he died. A long-standing rumor was that Hearst was actually PHILIP CARLI brings both prodigious musical talent aiming for Charlie Chaplin who was having an affair with and a committed scholarly outlook to his lifelong passion his mistress. The story was the basis of the play and movie for the music and culture. He discovered silent film at the The Cat's Meow (2001).