Identification of the 100 Richest Dietary Sources of Polyphenols: an Application of the Phenol-Explorer Database
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Raby Redcurrant Crumble Tray Bake
Raby Redcurrant Crumble tray bake Preparation total time 1 hour Makes 12 portion Nutrition: 100g per serving Kcal Fat Saturates Carbs Sugars Fibre Protein Salt 334 9.41g 5.88g 60.68g 34.92g 1.17g 3.07g 0.40g A layered traybake inspired by German Coffee shops. Ingredients For the berry filling • 200gr Raby red currants • 50g Caster Sugar • 2 tbsp Corn flour For the Cake • 220g Plain Flour • 4g Baking Powder • 2g Cinnamon • 50g Ground Almonds • 200g Caster Sugar • 80g Butter, Melted • 2 Free- range eggs • 40g Yoghurt- thinned with 2tbs milk Method 1. Preheat the oven to 180C/350F/Gas 4. Grease and line a rectangular baking tin (approximately 26cm x 20cm/10½in x 8in). 2. In a saucepan combine the fruit with 50ml/2fl oz water. Bring the fruit just to the boil, reduce the heat and simmer for 2-3 minutes. 3. In a mixing bowl combine the caster sugar with the cornflour. Stir into the fruit and continue to cook for 2-3 minutes, stirring frequently, until the mixture is thick and jammy. Set aside to cool. 4. For the crumble topping, add the flour to a mixing bowl and rub in the butter until the mixture resembles fine breadcrumbs and no large lumps of butter are left. Stir in the sugar and set aside. 5. For the cake, in a large mixing bowl, sift together the flour, baking powder and cinnamon. Stir in the ground almonds until thoroughly combined. 6. In another bowl beat together the sugar with the melted butter, eggs, yoghurt and milk mixture until thoroughly mixed. -
Provision of Information on the Amount of Sugar in Processed Foods
DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232021263.07872019 1153 Provision of information on the amount of sugar FREE THEMES in processed foods Camila Cremonezi Japur (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0513-1758) 1,4 Dyessa Cardoso Bernardes Assunção (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4711-7508) 2 Raíssa Aparecida Borges Batista (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9928-5872) 2 Fernanda Rodrigues de Oliveira Penaforte (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8483-1562) 3,4 Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the provision of information on the amount of sugar and identify the position of sugar in the list of ingredients of processed foods. A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze all processed tra- ditional and diet/light/zero food products sold in a hypermarket containing the word sugar or sucrose in the list of ingredients. The food labels were read and the position of sugar on the list of ingredients and presence, or absence, of information on the amount of sugar in the nutrition facts table were 1 Divisão de Nutrição recorded. Information on the amount of sugar was e Metabolismo, Departamento de Ciências also requested from the manufacturers by e-mail da Saúde, Faculdade de or telephone. A total of 2,200 food products were Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, assessed, 2,164 (98.4%) of which were tradition- Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Av. Bandeirantes al foods and 36 (1.6%) diet/light/zero foods. The 3900, Monte Alegre. 14049- amount of sugar was declared in only 14.4% and 900 Ribeirão Preto SP 13.9% of these products, respectively (p=0.84). -
Dietary Plant Polyphenols: Effects of Food Processing on Their Content and Bioavailability
molecules Review Dietary Plant Polyphenols: Effects of Food Processing on Their Content and Bioavailability Leila Arfaoui Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80324, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; [email protected]; Tel.: +966-0126401000 (ext. 41612) Abstract: Dietary plant polyphenols are natural bioactive compounds that are increasingly attracting the attention of food scientists and nutritionists because of their nutraceutical properties. In fact, many studies have shown that polyphenol-rich diets have protective effects against most chronic diseases. However, these health benefits are strongly related to both polyphenol content and bioavailability, which in turn depend on their origin, food matrix, processing, digestion, and cellular metabolism. Although most fruits and vegetables are valuable sources of polyphenols, they are not usually con- sumed raw. Instead, they go through some processing steps, either industrially or domestically (e.g., cooling, heating, drying, fermentation, etc.), that affect their content, bioaccessibility, and bioavail- ability. This review summarizes the status of knowledge on the possible (positive or negative) effects of commonly used food-processing techniques on phenolic compound content and bioavailability in fruits and vegetables. These effects depend on the plant type and applied processing parameters (type, duration, media, and intensity). This review attempts to shed light on the importance of more comprehensive dietary guidelines that consider the recommendations of processing parameters to take full advantage of phenolic compounds toward healthier foods. Citation: Arfaoui, L. Dietary Plant Keywords: plant polyphenols; food processing; phenolic content; bioavailability; bioaccessibility Polyphenols: Effects of Food Processing on Their Content and Bioavailability. Molecules 2021, 26, 2959. -
Cumberland Sauce 113G Sugar, Oranges (25%), Redcurrant Juice Concentrate (5%), Port (3%), Gelling Agent : Fruit Pectin, Spices
John Lewis Stock 60720 Number Name ROASTS Cumberland Sauce 113g Sugar, oranges (25%), redcurrant juice concentrate (5%), port (3%), gelling agent : fruit pectin, spices. Redcurrant Jelly 113g Sugar, redcurrant juice concentrate (45%), gelling agent : fruit pectin, acidity regulator : citric acid. Prepared with 45g fruit per 100g. Total sugar content 65g per 100g. Apple & Cider Sauce 100g Apples (50%), (contains sulphites), sugar, spiced malt vinegar (malt vinegar[from barley], salt, colour : caramel, spice extracts), sultanas, onions, cider (3.4%), salt, black pepper, ground ginger, natural Ingredients colour : caramel powder. Allergens sulphites and barley. Cranberry & Port Sauce 113g Cranberries (38%), sugar, water, port (2%[0.4% alcohol]) Mint Sauce 95g Water, sugar, acidifier : acetic acid, dried rubbed mint (6%), salt, emulsifier : xanthan gum, natural flavour : mint oil (0.1%). Tarragon Mustard 90g Water, mustard flour (31%), white wine vinegar, sugar, salt, dried tarragon (3%), xanthan gum. Allergens mustard. Dijon Mustard 85g Wine vinegar, water, mustard flour (14%), mustard bran (6.9%), salt, colour : turmeric, pepper. Allergens mustard. For allergens, see ingredients underlined Net 709g Quantity Country of Scotland and UK Origin Storage n/a Instructions Manufactur Edinburgh Preserves, The Officers Mess, Drem Airfield, Fenton Barns, East Lothian er’s name EH39 5AW and address Instructions n/a for use Cumberland Sauce 100g 100g Energy KJ/KCal 1175/277 Total Carbohydrates(g) 67.6 Total Fat (g) 0.1 of which sugars (g) 67.2 Nutrition -
Monocyclic Phenolic Acids; Hydroxy- and Polyhydroxybenzoic Acids: Occurrence and Recent Bioactivity Studies
Molecules 2010, 15, 7985-8005; doi:10.3390/molecules15117985 OPEN ACCESS molecules ISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules Review Monocyclic Phenolic Acids; Hydroxy- and Polyhydroxybenzoic Acids: Occurrence and Recent Bioactivity Studies Shahriar Khadem * and Robin J. Marles Natural Health Products Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, 2936 Baseline Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-613-954-7526; Fax: +1-613-954-1617. Received: 19 October 2010; in revised form: 3 November 2010 / Accepted: 4 November 2010 / Published: 8 November 2010 Abstract: Among the wide diversity of naturally occurring phenolic acids, at least 30 hydroxy- and polyhydroxybenzoic acids have been reported in the last 10 years to have biological activities. The chemical structures, natural occurrence throughout the plant, algal, bacterial, fungal and animal kingdoms, and recently described bioactivities of these phenolic and polyphenolic acids are reviewed to illustrate their wide distribution, biological and ecological importance, and potential as new leads for the development of pharmaceutical and agricultural products to improve human health and nutrition. Keywords: polyphenols; phenolic acids; hydroxybenzoic acids; natural occurrence; bioactivities 1. Introduction Phenolic compounds exist in most plant tissues as secondary metabolites, i.e. they are not essential for growth, development or reproduction but may play roles as antioxidants and in interactions between the plant and its biological environment. Phenolics are also important components of the human diet due to their potential antioxidant activity [1], their capacity to diminish oxidative stress- induced tissue damage resulted from chronic diseases [2], and their potentially important properties such as anticancer activities [3-5]. -
Low FODMAP Food Chart Ibsdiets.Org
Low FODMAP Food Chart IBSDiets.org Low FODMAP High FODMAP Vegetables and Legumes Bamboo shoots Garlic Bean sprouts Onions Broccoli (3/4 cup) Aparagus Cabbage, common and red (3/4 cup) Beans e.g. black, broad, kidney, lima, soya Carrots Cauliflower Celery (less than 5cm stalk) Cabbage, savoy Chick peas (1/4 cup max) Mange tout Corn (1/2 cob max) Mushrooms Courgette / Zucchini (65g) Peas Scallions / spring onions (white part) Cucumber Eggplant (1 cup) Green beans Green pepper (1/2 cup) Kale Lettuce e.g. Butter, iceberg, rocket Parsnip Potato Pumpkin Red peppers Scallions / spring onions (green part) Squash Sweet potato (1/2 cup) Tomatoes (1 small) Turnip (1/2 turnip) Fruit Bananas, unripe (1 medium) Apples Blueberries (1/4 cup) Apricot Cantaloupe (3/4 cup) Avocado Cranberry Bananas, ripe Clementine Blackberries Grapes Grapefruit Melons e.g. Honeydew, Galia (1/2 cup) Mango Kiwifruit (2 small) Peaches Lemon Pears Orange Plums Pineapple Raisins Raspberry (30 berries) Sultanas Rhubarb Watermelon Strawberry For up to date and extensive information go to www.IBSDiets.org Meat and Substitutes Beef Sausages (check ingredients) Chicken Processed meat (check ingredients) Lamb Pork Quorn mince Cold cuts e.g. Ham and turkey breast Breads, Cereals, Grains and Pasta Oats Barley Quinoa Bran Gluten free foods e.g. breads, pasta Cous cous Savory biscuits Gnocchi Buckwheat Granola Chips / crisps (plain) Muesli Cornflour Muffins Oatmeal (1/2 cup max) Rye Popcorn Semolina Pretzels Spelt Rice e.g. Basmati, brown, white Wheat foods e.g. Bread, cereal, pasta -
WSET Level 2 Systematic Approach to Tasting Wine®
Level 2 SAT (A5) 2012 (v2)_Layout 1 30/03/2012 15:47 Page 1 WSET Level 2 Systematic Approach to Tasting Wine ® APPEARANCE Clarity clear – hazy Intensity pale – medium – deep Colour white lemon – gold – amber rosé pink – salmon – orange red purple – ruby – garnet – tawny NOSE Condition clean – unclean Intensity light – medium – pronounced Aroma characteristics e.g. fruits, flowers, spices, vegetables, oak aromas, other PALATE Sweetness dry – off-dry – medium – sweet Acidity low – medium – high Tannin low – medium – high Body light – medium – full Flavour characteristics e.g. fruits, flowers, spices, vegetables, oak flavours, other Finish short – medium – long CONCLUSIONS Quality faulty – poor – acceptable – good – very good – outstanding Copyright Wine & Spirit Education Trust 2012. The WSET Level 2 Systematic Approach to Tasting Wine ® may only be reproduced with the written permission of the WSET subject to their terms and conditions. For more information contact [email protected] 2W-Version 1.0 Level 2 SAT (A5) 2012 (v2)_Layout 1 30/03/2012 15:47 Page 2 WSET Level 2 Wine-Lexicon: supporting the WSET Level 2 Systematic Approach to Tasting Wine ® AROMA AND FLAVOUR CHARACTERISTICS FLORAL / FRUIT Are the flavours simple/generic or specific? Fresh or cooked? Ripe or unripe? Floral blossom, rose, violet Green Fruit green apple, red apple, gooseberry, pear, grape Citrus Fruit grapefruit, lemon, lime (juice or zest?) Stone Fruit peach, apricot, nectarine Tropical Fruit banana, lychee, mango, melon, passion fruit, pineapple Red Fruit redcurrant, -
Total Phenolic, Total Flavonoid, Tannin Content, and Antioxidant Capacity of Halimium Halimifolium (Cistaceae)
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 5 (01), pp. 052-057, January, 2014 Available online at http://www.japsonline.com DOI: 10.7324/JAPS.2015.50110 ISSN 2231-3354 Total Phenolic, Total Flavonoid, Tannin Content, and Antioxidant Capacity of Halimium halimifolium (Cistaceae) Ahlem Rebaya1*, Souad Igueld Belghith2, Béatrice Baghdikian3, Valérie Mahiou Leddet 3, Fathi Mabrouki3, Evelyne Olivier3, Jamila kalthoum Cherif1, 4, Malika Trabelsi Ayadi 1 Laboratory of Applications of Chemical Resources, Natural Substances and the Environment (LACReSNE), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna - Bizerte, Tunisia. 2 Preparatory Institute for Engineering Studies of El-Manar B.P.244 El Manar II - 2092 Tunis, Tunisia. 3 Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology, UMR-MD3, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aix-Marseille University, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, CS 30064, 13385, Marseille cedex 5, France. 4 Preparatory Institute for Engineering Studies of Tunis, 2 rue Jawaharlal Nehru, Monfleury, 1008 Tunis, Tunisia. ABSTRACT ARTICLE INFO Article history: This study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of the leaves and Received on: 23/10/2014 flowers extracts of Halimium halimifolium in order to validate the medicinal potential of this herb. The Revised on: 12/11/2014 antioxidant activity of alcoholic and aqueous extracts was evaluated using 2, 2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl Accepted on: 09/12/2014 (DPPH), 2, 2’-azinobis- (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power Available online: 30/01/2015 (FRAP) assays. The total polyphenol, flavonoid and tannin content were determined according respectively to Folin-Ciocalteu method, Zhishen method and Broadhurst method. The leaves of H. halimifolium had greater Key words: antioxidant activity than flowers by DPPH and ABTS assays. -
Effect of Salicylic Acid Application on Biochemical Changes in Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe)
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 6(5), pp. 790-795, 9 February, 2012 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/JMPR DOI: 10.5897/JMPR11.1459 ISSN 1996-0875 ©2012 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Effect of salicylic acid application on biochemical changes in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Ali Ghasemzadeh1* and Hawa Z. E. Jaafar2 1Department of Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 2Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 University Putra Malaysia (UPM) Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Accepted 18 November, 2011 Salicylic acid (SA) belonging to plant phenolics group is found in some plant species and is capable of enhancing plant growth and yield. Effects of SA application (10−3 and 10−5 M) on synthesis of total soluble carbohydrate (TSC), total flavonoids (TF) and total phenolics (TP) were studied out in two ginger varieties (Halia Bentong and Halia Bara) under greenhouse conditions. In treated plants as the level of SA increased (from 10−5M to 10−3M) the production of TF increased while synthesis of TP decreased. SA induced production of TSC content in both varieties. Halia Bara exhibited a higher content of TSC (7.98 mg/g dry weight) compared to Halia Bentong (7.59 mg/g dry weight) when sprayed with low concentration (10−5M) of SA. The result of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that concentration of the some majority flavonoids (quercetin, catechin and kaempferol) decreased significantly in plants when treated with different concentration of SA. Accordingly, high concentrations of these flavonoids were found in control plants. -
Plant Phenolics: Bioavailability As a Key Determinant of Their Potential Health-Promoting Applications
antioxidants Review Plant Phenolics: Bioavailability as a Key Determinant of Their Potential Health-Promoting Applications Patricia Cosme , Ana B. Rodríguez, Javier Espino * and María Garrido * Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; [email protected] (P.C.); [email protected] (A.B.R.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (J.E.); [email protected] (M.G.); Tel.: +34-92-428-9796 (J.E. & M.G.) Received: 22 October 2020; Accepted: 7 December 2020; Published: 12 December 2020 Abstract: Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites widely spread throughout the plant kingdom that can be categorized as flavonoids and non-flavonoids. Interest in phenolic compounds has dramatically increased during the last decade due to their biological effects and promising therapeutic applications. In this review, we discuss the importance of phenolic compounds’ bioavailability to accomplish their physiological functions, and highlight main factors affecting such parameter throughout metabolism of phenolics, from absorption to excretion. Besides, we give an updated overview of the health benefits of phenolic compounds, which are mainly linked to both their direct (e.g., free-radical scavenging ability) and indirect (e.g., by stimulating activity of antioxidant enzymes) antioxidant properties. Such antioxidant actions reportedly help them to prevent chronic and oxidative stress-related disorders such as cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, among others. Last, we comment on development of cutting-edge delivery systems intended to improve bioavailability and enhance stability of phenolic compounds in the human body. Keywords: antioxidant activity; bioavailability; flavonoids; health benefits; phenolic compounds 1. Introduction Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites widely spread throughout the plant kingdom with around 8000 different phenolic structures [1]. -
Phytochemical Screening, Total Flavonoid and Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Different Parts of Caesalpinia Bonduc (L.) Roxb
Pharmacogn J. 2018; 10(1): 123-127 A Multifaceted Journal in the field of Natural Products and Pharmacognosy Original Article www.phcogj.com | www.journalonweb.com/pj | www.phcog.net Phytochemical Screening, Total Flavonoid and Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Different Parts of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb Elin Novia Sembiring, Berna Elya, Rani Sauriasari ABSTRACT Background: Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb are traditionally used in Indonesia to treat various diseases, but still limited study about different part of this plant. Objective: The aim of this study was to screen the phytochemicals, to evaluate the total flavonoid and total phenolic contents as well as antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of root, stem, leaves, and seed kernel of C. bonduc. Methods: Each part of plant were extracted by reflux using 70% ethanol as the solvent for 2 h and repeated 3 times. Total flavonoid content was determined by aluminium chloride colorimetric assay on 415 nm. Total phenolic content was determined with Folin-Ciocalteu 1:4 on 765 nm using microplate reader. Antioxidant activity was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenger methods. Results: Phyto- chemical screening showed that all of samples positively contain flavonoid and saponin. Total flavonoid content was the highest in leaf and the lowest in root whereas total phenols content was highest in leaf and the lowest in seed kernel. The crude extracts displayed DPPH free radical scavenging activity with highest value in leaf extract followed by root, stem, and seed kernel. Conclusion: The 70% ethanol leaf extract of C. bonduc showed the highest yield, total flavonoid content and total phenolic content among other parts investigated. -
Growing Raspberries & Blackberries
Growing Raspberries Blackberries& in the Inland Northwest & Intermountain West by Danny L. Barney, Michael Colt, Jo Ann Robbins, and Maurice Wiese The authors Danny Barney, Extension Horticulturist and Superinten- dent of the University of Idaho Sandpoint Research & Extension Center Michael Colt, Extension Horticulturist at the UI Parma Research and Extension Center Jo Ann Robbins, Extension Educator in Blaine County Maurice Wiese, Plant Pathologist, UI Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences © 1999 University of Idaho Contents How raspberries and blackberries grow ......... 3 Selecting and preparing your site................... 5 Designing your plots ..................................... 6 Plant and row spacing ............................. 6 Support................................................... 8 Trellis posts ........................................... 12 Selecting your plants .................................. 14 Planting ...................................................... 14 Caring for your berries ................................ 15 Irrigation............................................... 15 Fertilization........................................... 19 Weed control ........................................ 22 Winter protection ................................. 23 Pruning................................................. 24 Harvesting and storing your berries ........................................... 27 Controlling insect pests and diseases ........... 28 Insects and mites ................................... 28