US 20120315235A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. N0.: US 2012/0315235 A1 Weisen?uh et al. (43) Pub. Date: Dec. 13, 2012

(54) EMU OIL IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER A61P 1 7/00 (2006.01) ACTIVE INGREDIENTS FOR TREATING A61P 1 7/18 (2006.01) SKIN IMPERFECTIONS A61Q 19/08 (2006.01) A61Q 19/02 (2006.01) (76) Inventors: Scott Alan Weisen?uh, Taylor, PA A61K 8/98 (2006.01) (US); Ketan Desai, Easton, PA A61P 1 7/02 (2006.01) (US); Sandra Kroposky, Moosic, A61P 17/10 (2006.01) PA (US) A61P 1 7/06 (2006.01) (21) Appl. N0.: 13/156,308 (52) us. c1...... 424/62; 424/522 (22) Filed: Jun. 8, 2011 (57) ABSTRACT Compositions comprising emu oil as a vehicle for the delivery Publication Classi?cation of other active ingredients for the treatment of cosmetic and (51) Int. Cl. other skin imperfections such as acne, Wrinkles, and hair loss A61K 35/12 (2006.01) are disclosed. Methods of treating cosmetic and other skin A61Q 7/00 (2006.01) imperfections using the compositions are also disclosed. US 2012/0315235 A1 Dec. 13, 2012

EMU OIL IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER [0013] Copper peptide for treating xerosis of the skin, ACTIVE INGREDIENTS FOR TREATING removing scars, and providing anti-oxidant properties. SKIN IMPERFECTIONS [0014] Idebenone and UbiquinoneiWhich have antioxi dant activity that helps remove free radical damage and alloWs for the resumption of healthy tissue regeneration. [0001] This application claims priority to US. Provisional [0015] Human groWth hormone for replacement therapy, Application No. 61/3 97,010, the contents of Which are hereby and increasing skin vigor and tone. incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0016] Emu oil is obtained from a large, approximately ?ve feat tail, ?ightless bird of Australia knoWn as an Emu, Dro [0002] Emu oil has been used for hundreds of years by the mideius novaehollandiae. Emus are fanned for their meat, native aborigines of Australia as a salve, because of its unique Which is loW in cholesterol and fat. The oil rendered from the properties that alloW it to deeply penetrate the epidermis. Emu is actually a semi-solid fat (i.e., fat and oil mixture) at Studies have corroborated that Emu oil is non-comedogenic, room temperature, but Will herein be referred to as an oil. has anti-in?ammatory properties, is deeply moisturizing, and [0017] The fat and oil mixture is stripped from the carcass deeply penetrating. of the Emu and can be melted to further liquefy the oil. Emu [0003] A variety of topical agents are used to treat various oil obtained in this manner is yelloW in color and is olfacto disorders, such as acne, Wrinkles, and alopecia. It Would be rially offensive. It is possible, through re?ning processes Well advantageous to have compositions Which increase the ability knoWn to those of skill in the art, to remove the yelloW color of these agents to penetrate the skin, so as to improve their from the oil and reduce its odor. PCT/AU91/00517 refers to activity. The present invention provides such compositions, removing the yelloW color from Emu oil by exposing it to and methods for their use. sunlight, page 8, and by subjecting it to chemical oxidation by mixing it With benZoyl peroxide in an organic solvent, page 9. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0018] Emu Oil can be obtained from any commercial [0004] Compositions comprising various active and cos source such as TheScienceLab (above), EmuMagic (Nevis, metic ingredients in emu oil are disclosed, as Well as methods Minn.), Wonder Oil Products, Inc (Milddleton, Calif.), of treating various disorders, including skin disorders, using Uniquely Emu Products Inc (OttaWa, Ill.), etc. The active the compositions. The compositions include emu oil and vari ingredients can be obtained from various suppliers, and ous active ingredients to treat a variety of skin diseases and mixed With Emu Oil by simple vortexing. In the description imperfections. The compositions use the penetrating proper beloW, all concentrations are Weight/Weight of the additive to ties of emu oil to augment the e?icacy of the active and emu oil, unless otherWise indicated. cosmetic ingredients, resulting in an enhanced effect. [0019] Treatment of Skin Disorders [0020] The compositions described herein can be used to [0005] In various embodiments of the invention, the active treat acne and other skin disorders, in particular, for use in the ingredients include: folloWing therapeutic ?elds: [0006] One or more of Doxycycline, Erythromycin, Sali [0021] 1) for treating dermatological conditions and a?iic cylic Acid, Sulphacetamide Sodium, Retin-A, Retinols, Ret tions linked to a disorder of keratiniZation involving differ inoids, AZelaic acid, Clindamycin, TaZarotene, and BenZoyl entiation and proliferation, in particular for treating acne vul Peroxide for treating acne; garis, comedonic or polymorphic acne, acne rosacea, [0007] One or both of Finasteride and Minoxidil for treat nodulocystic acne, acne conglobata, senile acne, secondary ing hair loss/alopecia; acnes, such as solar, drug or occupational acne, or hidradeni [0008] creams and lotions, such as hydrocortisone tis suppurativa, butyrate, for treating various skin diseases that are commonly [0022] 2) for treating other types of disorders of keratini treated With , including, but not limited to, psoriasis, Zation, in particular ichthyoses, ichthyosiforrn conditions, atopic dermatitis, and contact dermatitis; Darier’s disease, palmoplantar keratoderrna, leukoplakia and [0009] Retinol for Wrinkles, and one or more of Acetyl leucoplakiforrn conditions, or cutaneous or mucosal (oral) Hexapeptide-3, Acetyl Glutamyl Heptapeptide, Palmitoyl lichen, Pentapeptide-3, Palmitoyl Oligopeptide, Terapeptide-3 and [0023] 3) for treating other dermatological conditions Dimethylaminoethanol, Which reportedly act through stimu linked to a disorder of keratiniZation With an in?ammatory lation of collagen and elastin as Well as possessing anti and/or immunoallergic component and, in particular, all oxidant activity, to provide ?rming and improve the overall forms of psoriasis, Whether cutaneous, mucosal or ungual, health appearance of the skin, and to remove Wrinkles; and even psoriatic rheumatism, or alternatively cutaneous [0010] Glycolic acid for treating sun damage. atopy, such as ecZema, or respiratory atopy or alternatively [0011] Alpha hydroxy acids, beta hydroxy acids and Kojic gingival hypertrophy; the compounds can also be used in acid for exfoliating the skin and stimulating the cell produc some in?ammatory conditions not exhibiting disorder of tion in the dermis, Which results in a “plumper” thicker der keratiniZation, such as folliculitis, mal layer by stimulating collagen and elastin production. This [0024] 4) for treating all dermal or epidermal prolifera results in a smooth appearance of the skin as Well as elimi tions, Whether they are benign or malignant and Whether they nation of ?ne lines and Wrinkles. Through the exfoliation are or are not of viral origin, such as common Warts, ?at Warts, process they also Work Well to remove/decrease hyper-pig molluscum contagiosum and epiderrnodysplasia verrucifor mentation, Which can be hormonally or solar induced. mis, ?orid or oral papillomatoses, and the proliferations [0012] Green Tea as a pore siZe reducer, a hydrating agent, Which can be induced by ultraviolet radiation, in particular in and an anti-oxidant. the case of actinic keratoses, US 2012/0315235 A1 Dec. 13, 2012

[0025] 5) for repairing or combating skin aging, Whether poWder form, can be mixed With Emu Oil in a concentration photoinduced or chronologic, or for reducing pigmentations, of betWeen about 1% and about 2% by Weight. In use, the or any pathology associated With chronologic or actinic mixture is applied once or tWice daily on the acne lesion until aging; resolution. [0026] 6) for preventively or curatively treating disorders of [0039] Clindamycin can be obtained from suppliers such as cicatriZation or skin ulcers, for preventing or repairing stretch Dermik, USA. The poWder is mixed With Emu Oil in a con marks, or alternatively for promoting cicatriZation, centration of 10 mg/100 ml. The mixture is to be applied once [0027] 7) for combating disorders of the sebaceous func or tWice daily on the acne lesion till resolution. tion, such as hyperseborrhoea of acne or simple seborrhoea, [0040] In yet another embodiment, the active ingredient is [0028] 8) in the treatment of any condition of fungal origin sulphacetamide sodium, Which can be obtained from suppli on the skin, such as tinea pedis and tinea versicolor, ers such Shreejee Pharma, India. The sulphacetamide [0029] 9) in the treatment of dermatological conditions sodium, typically in dry poWder form, is mixed With Emu Oil With an immunological component, in a concentration of about 10%. The mixtures are applied [0030] 10) in the treatment of skin disorders due to expo once or tWice daily on the acne lesion till resolution. sure to UV radiation. [0041] In yet another embodiment, the active ingredient is [0031] The compositions according to the invention are tretinoin, Which can be obtained from suppliers such as particularly useful for the preventive or curative treatment of LoZada Enterprises, USA. The tretinoin is typically supplied acne vulgaris. in cream form, and the cream is mixed With Emu Oil in a [0032] Treatment of Acne concentration of about 0.025% to about 0.1%. The mixture is [0033] When used to treat acne, the compositions can applied once or tWice daily on the acne lesion till resolution. include an antibiotic, salicyclic acid and/or salicylates, ben [0042] In yet another embodiment, the active ingredient is Zoyl peroxide, and the like. aZelaic acid, Which can be obtained from suppliers such as [0034] The salicylic acid or salicylates can be in the form of Triveni Chemicals, India. The aZelaic acid, typically in the a natural extract or as a pure compound. Examples of extracts form of a poWder, is mixed With Emu Oil in a concentration of that include salicylates include WilloW bark and aspen bark. around 20%. The mixture is applied once or tWice daily on the [0035] Salicylic acid is a keratolytic agent; promotes acne lesion till resolution. desquamation, clears blockages, helps prevent neW lesions, & [0043] TaZarotene can be obtained from suppliers such as improves skin texture and hyperpigmentation after breakouts. Aurochem laboratories, India. The poWder is mixed With The presence of salicylates also helps reduce the acidity of the Emu Oil in a concentration of 0.05 -0. 1 %. The mixture is to be salicylic acid, by providing a buffer. That is, When an acid (in applied once or tWice daily on the acne lesion till resolution this case, salicylic acid) and its conjugate base (in this case, [0044] BenZoyl Peroxide can be obtained from suppliers salicylates) are present in a formulation, each buffers the such as. Alfa Aesar, USA. The poWder is mixed With Emu Oil other, according to the Well-knoWn Henderson-Hasselbach in a concentration of betWeen about 2.5 to about 10%. The equation (pH:pKa+log(concentration of acid/concentration mixture is to be applied once or tWice daily on the acne lesion of base). till resolution. [0036] Any cosmetically-acceptable salt of salicylic acid [0045] Other representative anti-acne agents that can be (i.e., salicylate) can be used in the formulations described used, in addition to the salicylic acid and salicylates, include herein. Representative salts include, but are not limited to, sulfur, resorcinol, and resorcinol monoacetate. When present, salts With cations of ammonium, sodium, potassium, magne sulfur is typically in an amount of betWeen 0.1 and 10.0% sium, calcium, strontium, barium, aluminum, iron, Zinc, bis W/W; resorcinol is typically in an amount of betWeen 0.1 and muth and organic amines. A salt With at least one of these 2.0% W/W, and resorcinol monoacetate is typically in an cations is preferable. More preferable is a sodium, potassium, amount of betWeen 0.1 and 3.0% W/W. magnesium or Zinc salt, still more preferable is a sodium, [0046] Treatment of Hair Loss/Alopecia/ Baldness potassium or Zinc salt, and particularly preferable is a sodium [0047] When used to treat hair loss, including alopecia and salt. baldness, the compositions commonly include emu oil and [0037] The salicylic acid can be obtained from various sup one or more of Finasteride and Minoxidil. pliers, such as Parchem, USA, and the combination used to [0048] Finasteride can be obtained from suppliers such as treat acne. Salicylic acid, typically in dry poWder form, can be Cygnus Healthcare Specialties, India. The poWder is mixed mixed With Emu Oil in a concentration of about 2%. In use, With Emu Oil in a concentration ranging from about 50 mg to the mixture is applied once or tWice daily on the acne lesion about 100 mg per 100 ml Emu Oil. The combination is till resolution. In one embodiment, the active ingredient is applied once or tWice daily to area of hair loss on a chronic doxycycline hyclate or doxycycline monohydrate, Which can basis. be obtained from Mylan laboratories, and the combination is [0049] Minoxidil Sulphate can be obtained from suppliers used to treat acne. The concentration of active ingredient in such as Loy Pharmalab Incorporated, UK. The poWder is the Emu Oil ranges from about 1 mg to about 100 mg per 100 mixed With Emu Oil in a concentration ranging from 2% to cc of Emu Oil. The mixtures are to be applied once or tWice 5%. The combination is applied once or tWice daily to area of daily on the acne lesion till resolution. In this and other hair loss on a chronic basis. embodiments, resolution of the acne lesion Will be readily and [0050] Treatment of Psoriasis, Atopic Dermatitis, and Con visibly apparent to the patient to Whom the composition is tact Dermatitis applied. [0051] Steroid creams and lotions can be obtained from [0038] In another embodiment, the active ingredient is many manufacturers. For example, Hydrocortisone 17-bu erythromycin, Which can be obtained from various suppliers tyrate can be obtained from ArroW Chemicals, USA. Hydro such as Abbott Labs, USA (EES Granules), and the combi cortisone butyrate is mixed With Emu Oil to give a concen nation is used to treat acne. Erythromycin, typically in dry tration of 0. 1%. It is applied locally to the skin lesion tWice or US 2012/0315235 A1 Dec. 13, 2012

three times a day for the treatment of various skin diseases the exfoliation process they also Work Well to remove/de including but not limited to psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and crease hyper-pigmentation Which can be hormonally or solar contact dermatitis. induced. [0052] Treatment of Wrinkles [0065] Beta Hydroxy Acid or Salicylic acid can be obtained [0053] All Trans Retinol and Retinyl palmitate can be from suppliers such as Suntran Industrial Group, Hong Kong. obtained from suppliers such as Paradise Marketing Group, The poWder is mixed With Emu Oil for a ?nal concentration of US. The ingredients are mixed With Emu Oil for a ?nal 1-2% While keeping pH at 3-4 using adjusting bases such as concentration ranging from 1-2% The combination is applied sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. The combination is once or tWice daily to Wrinkles till satisfactory results are applied once daily to improve skin texture till satisfactory noted. results are obtained. It Works by exfoliating the skin and [0054] Acetyl Hexapeptide-3 can be obtained from Lipo stimulating the cell production in the dermis Which results in tec, Spain. The peptide is dissolved in Emu Oil in concentra a “plumper” thicker dermal layer by stimulating collagen and tion of 10%. The combination is applied once or tWice daily elastin production. This results in a smooth appearance of the for decreasing Wrinkles. skin as Well as elimination of ?ne lines and Wrinkles. Through [0055] Acetyl Glutamyl Heptapeptide can be obtained the exfoliation process they also Work Well to remove/de from Creative Peptides, US. The peptide is dissolved in Emu crease hyper-pigmentation Which can be hormonally or solar Oil in concentration of 10%. The combination is applied once induced. or tWice daily for decreasing Wrinkles. [0066] Kojic acid can be obtained from suppliers such as [0056] Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-3 can be obtained from Cre Parchem, USA. The poWder is mixed With Emu Oil for a ?nal ative Peptides, US. The peptide is dissolved in Emu Oil in concentration of 4%. The combination is applied once daily concentration of 10%. The combination is applied once or to improve skin texture till satisfactory results are obtained. It tWice daily for decreasing Wrinkles. Works by exfoliating the skin and stimulating the cell produc [0057] Palmitoyl Oligopeptide can be obtained from Cre tion in the dermis Which results in a “plumper” thicker dermal ative Peptides, US. The peptide is dissolved in Emu Oil in layer by stimulating collagen and elastin production. This concentration of 3-4%. The combination is applied once or results in a smooth appearance of the skin as Well as elimi tWice daily for decreasing Wrinkles. nation of ?ne lines and Wrinkles. Through the exfoliation [0058] Palmitoyl Terapeptide-3 can be obtained from Cre process they also Work Well to remove/decrease hyper-pig ative Peptides, US. The peptide is dissolved in Emu Oil in mentation Which can be hormonally or solar induced. concentration of 3-4%. The combination is applied once or [0067] Green Tea can be obtained from suppliers such as tWice daily for decreasing Wrinkles. Dermaxime, South Africa. The dried extract is mixed With [0059] Dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) can be obtained Emu Oil for a ?nal concentration of 10%. The combination is from MD Cosmetics, US. DMAE is dissolved in Emu Oil in applied once daily to improve skin texture till satisfactory concentration of 3%. The combination is applied once or results are obtained as a hydrating agent as Well as an anti tWice daily for decreasing Wrinkles. oxidant. [0060] Idebenone can be obtained from Mahalaxmi Chemi [0068] UV Protection Pharm, India. DMAE is dissolved in Emu Oil in concentra [0069] When used to treat sun damage, the compositions tion of 0.5%. The combination is applied once or tWice daily can further include sunscreen and/or sunblocking agents. The for decreasing Wrinkles. term “sunscreen agent” as used herein de?nes ultraviolet [0061] Ubiquinone can be obtained from WN Pharmaceu ray-blocking compounds exhibiting absorption Within the ticals, Canada. Ubiquinone is dissolved in Emu Oil in con Wavelength region betWeen about 290 and about 400 nm. centration of 1 -3%. The combination is applied once or tWice [0070] The formulation can include, as sunblocking agents, daily for decreasing Wrinkles. one or more of Zinc oxide and titanium dioxide, and, most [0062] Treatment of Sun Damage and/or Improvement of preferably, a combination of these tWo agents. The range of Skin Texture these ingredients in the formulations is typically betWeen [0063] Glycolic Acid can be obtained from suppliers such about 8.10 and about 35 .00 Weight percent for titanium diox as Parchem, US. The poWder is mixed With Emu Oil for a ?nal ide, and betWeen about 10 and about 25 .65 Weight percent for concentration ranging from 10% to 80%. The combination is Zinc oxide. applied once daily to repair sun damage and improve skin [0071] Zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are mineral pig texture till satisfactory results are obtained. ments often used for photoprotection, as they are opaque to [0064] Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHA) can be obtained from both UVA and UVB radiation. Although both provide opacity suppliers such as Inspire Exports, India. Common AHA to UV light, titanium dioxide provides 3 to 4 times better include lactic acid, malic acid, citric acid, and tartaric acid. coverage and photoprotection. Titanium dioxide is a physical Each poWder is mixed With Emu Oil for a ?nal concentration sunscreen providing covering poWer and UV protection Zinc of 12% While keeping pH at 4.5-5.5 using adjusting bases oxide is a physical sunscreen that provides covering poWer such as sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. More than and UV protection; reduces sebum production, may promote on AHA is not to be used in combination. The combination is Wound healing, and has poWerful antioxidant activity Zinc applied once daily to improve skin texture till satisfactory oxide also provides additional bene?ts beyond UV protection results are obtained. It Works by exfoliating the skin and Zinc is a component of at least 70 metalloenZymes and is also stimulating the cell production in the dermis Which results in needed in protein, DNA, and RNA synthesis. In addition, it is a “plumper” thicker dermal layer by stimulating collagen and a cofactor for Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), an enzyme pro elastin production. This results in a smooth appearance of the viding crucial antioxidant activity and alleviating oxidative skin as Well as elimination of ?ne lines and Wrinkles. Through stress in cells Zinc oxide is classi?ed as a Category 1 skin US 2012/0315235 A1 Dec. 13, 2012

protectant, provides antimicrobial activity, and is thought to Bauer and Dorotea Garbe, published by VCH Verlagsgesell be implicated in reducing sebum production and promoting schaft mbH, 1985, incorporated herein by reference. Wound healing. [0082] Botanical extracts are oak bark extract, Walnut [0072] UtiliZing a combination of these tWo compounds extract, tincture of arnica, hamamelis extract, ribWort extract, Will provide ample UV protection, While also supplementing pansy extract, thyme or sage extract; for the treatment of acne treatment and improving skin condition. damaged or injured skin, for example, St. John’s Wort tinc [0073] Ideally, the particle siZes of these agents are in the ture, cone ?oWers tincture, chamomile ?oWers extract, or micron siZe or less. Microparticulate (also knoWn as calendula ?oWers tincture; and for the care of exhausted and micro?ne) Zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are particulate damaged skin, for example, birch leaves extract, nettle sunscreen ingredients that absorb broad-spectrum ultraviolet extract, coldsfoot extract, comfrey tincture, horsetail extract, (UV) irradiation. or aloe vera extract. Vegetable preparations may also be [0074] Treatment of Xerosis and/ or Reduction of Scarring released from the ?lm layer for the intradermal treatment of [0075] Copper peptide or (Glycine-Histine-Lysine)2-Cu diseases, for example, extracts of horse chestnut and butch can be obtained from Creative Peptides, US. The peptide is er’s broom in case of vein diseases, or extracts and tinctures of dissolved in Emu Oil in concentration of 10%. The combina arnica, calendula, and capsicum in case of contusions, dis tion is applied once or tWice daily for xerosis of the skin, tortions, or haemorrhages. Vegetable preparations in the sys reducing scars, and as an antioxidant. tem according to the present invention may also be used in [0076] Skin Rejuvenation and Replacement transdermal therapy, for example, ginseng extract in case of [0077] Human groWth hormone lotion can be used for geriatric complaints; valerian tincture, extracts of melissa and replacement therapy and for skin rejuvenation at a concentra hop to cause a sedative effect in case of superexcitation, sleep tion of 2.5 lU/L. HGH can be obtained from Ferring Pharma disturbances, and stress; extracts of kola and tea to achieve a ceuticals, US. It is applied topically once in the morning every stimulative effect; or haWthom extract to stabiliZe the circu day chronically as a replacement therapy. latory system. [0078] Optional Components [0083] Preservatives [0079] The formulation can also include, in addition to [0084] Preservatives can desirably be incorporated into the these agents, other cosmetic, dermatological, and pharma formulations described herein to protect against the groWth of ceutical active agents, including, but are not limited to: anti potentially harmful microorganisms. While microorganisms oxidants; free radical scavengers; depigmentation agents; tend to groW in the aqueous phase, microorganisms can also re?ectants; antimicrobial (e.g., antibacterial) agents; allergy reside in the anhydrous or oil phase. As such, preservatives inhibitors; anti-aging agents; anti-Wrinkling agents, antisep Which have solubility in both Water and oil are preferably tics; analgesics; anti-in?ammatory agents; fresheners; heal employed in the present compositions. Suitable preservatives ing agents; anti infectives; in?ammation inhibitors; vasocon for compositions of the present invention are alkyl esters of strictors; vasodilators; Wound healing promoters; peptides, para-hydroxybenZoic acid. Other preservatives, Which can be polypeptides and proteins; skin lightening agents; antifun used include hydantoin derivatives, propionate salts, and a gals; counterirritants; make-up preparations; vitamins; amino variety of quaternary ammonium compounds. acids and their derivatives; herbal extracts; ?avoids; sensory [0085] Appropriate preservatives can be selected to satisfy markers (i.e., cooling agents, heating agents, etc.); skin con the preservative challenge test and to provide product stabil ditioners; chelating agents; cell turnover enhancers; nourish ity. Particularly preferred preservatives are methylparaben, ing agents; moisture absorbers; sebum absorbers and the like; imidaZolidinyl urea, sodium dehydroacetate, propylparaben, skin penetration enhancers; and other active ingredients. trisodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA), and benZyl Other ingredients can include: Water (puri?ed), PEG-4, Aloe alcohol. The preservative can be selected based on the con barbadensis leaf juice, Allium cepa (onion) bulb extract, xan sideration of possible incompatibilities betWeen the preser than gum, allantoin, methylparaben, sorbic acid, and fra vative and other ingredients in the release system. grance. [0086] Preservatives are preferably employed in amounts ranging from about 0.01% to about 2% by Weight of the Fragrances and Sensory Markers composition. [0080] The formulation described herein also provides syn [0087] Vitamins chroniZing the release of the sensory markers such as fra [0088] Various vitamins can be included in the formula grances, ?avors, cooling agents, such as menthol derivatives, tions described herein. For example, vitamin A and deriva and heating agents, such as capsaicin. The release of the tives thereof, vitamin B2, biotin, pantothenic acid, vitamin K, sensory markers can be used to convey to the consumer the vitamin D, vitamin E and mixtures thereof can be used. product performance, provide long lasting odor or ?avor per [0089] Antimicrobial and Antifungal Actives ception, and signal that a neW application of the product is [0090] Antimicrobial and antifungal actives can be effec needed. tive to prevent the proliferation and groWth of bacteria and [0081] Conventional fragrance ingredients and perfume fungi and can be used in the formulations described herein. ingredients can be used in the release system of the present Non-limiting examples of antimicrobial and antifungal invention. Selection of any perfume component, or amount of actives include beta-lactam drugs, quinolone drugs, ciprof perfume, is based on functional and aesthetic considerations. loxacin, nor?oxacin, tetracycline, erythromycin, amikacin, Examples of usable fragrance and ?avor compounds dis 2,4, 4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxy diphenyl ether, 3,4, 4'-trichlo cussed hereinafter, along With their odor characters, and their robanilide, phenoxyethanol, phenoxy propanol, phenoxyiso physical and chemical properties, are given in “Perfume and propanol, doxycycline, capreomycin, chlorhexidine, chlo Flavor Chemicals (Aroma Chemicals)”, Steffen Arctander, rtetracycline, oxytetracycline, clindamycin, ethambutol, published by the author, 1969, and in “Common Fragrance hexamidine isethionate, metronidaZole, pentamidine, gen and ?avor Materials-Preparation, Properties and Uses”, Kurt tamicin, kanamycin, lineomycin, methacycline, meth US 2012/0315235 A1 Dec. 13, 2012

enamine, minocycline, neomycin, netilmicin, paromomycin, [0093] Suitable steroidal anti-in?ammatories include streptomycin, tobramycin, miconaZole, tetracycline hydro hydrocortisone; non-steroidal anti-in?ammatories such as chloride, erythromycin, Zinc erythromycin, erythromycin oxicans, salicylates, acetic acid derivatives, fenamates, pro estolate, erythromycin stearate, amikacin sulfate, doxycy pionic acid derivatives, pyraZoles, substituted phenyl com cline hydrochloride, capreomycin sulfate, chlorhexidine glu pounds, 2-naphthyl containing compounds, and natural anti conate, chlorhexidine hydrochloride, chlortetracycline in?ammatories such as aloe vera. Examples of anti hydrochloride, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, clindamycin in?ammatories are described in US. Pat. No. 5,487,884, the hydrochloride, ethambutol hydrochloride, metronidaZole entire contents of Which are incorporated herein by reference. hydrochloride, pentamidine hydrochloride, gentamicin sul [0094] Anti-Wrinkle, Anti-Skin Atrophy and Skin Repair fate, kanamycin sulfate, lineomycin hydrochloride, methacy Actives cline hydrochloride, methenamine hippurate, methenamine [0095] Anti-Wrinkle, anti-skin atrophy and skin repair mandelate, minocycline hydrochloride, neomycin sulfate, actives can be effective in replenishing or rejuvenating the netilmicin sulfate, paromomycin sulfate, streptomycin sul epidermal layer and can be included in formulations fate, tobramycin sulfate, miconaZole hydrochloride, amanfa described herein. These actives generally provide these desir dine hydrochloride, amanfadine sulfate, octopirox, parachlo able skin care bene?ts by promoting or maintaining the natu rometa xylenol, nystatin, tolnaftate, Zinc pyrithione; ral process of desquamation. clotrimaZole; alantolactone; isoalantolactone; alkanet extract [0096] Nonlimiting examples of anti-Wrinkle and anti-skin (alaninin); anise; amica extract (helenalin acetate and 11, 13 atrophy actives include vitamin B3 compounds (such as dihydrohelenalin);Aspidium extract (phloro, lucinol contain niacinamide and nicotinic acid), salicylic acid and derivatives ing extract); barberry extract (berberine chloride); bay sWeet thereof (such as 5-octanoyl salicylic acid, heptyloxy 4 sali extract; bayberry bark extract (myricitrin); benZalkonium cylic acid, and 4-methoxy salicylic acid); sulfur-containing D chloride; benZethonium chloride; benZoic acid and its salts; and L amino acids and their derivatives and salts, particularly benZoin; benZyl alcohol; blessed thistle; bletilla tuber; bloo the N-acetyl derivatives, a preferred example of Which is droot; bois de rose oil; burdock; butyl paraben; cade oil; CAE N-acetyl-L-cysteine; thiols, e.g. ethane thiol; hydroxy acids, (available from Ajinomoto, located in Teaneck, NJ); cajeput phytic acid, lipoic acid; lysophosphatidic acid; skin peel oil; CangZhu; capsicum frutescens extract; caraWay oil; cas agents (e.g., phenol and the like); Actein 27-Deoxyactein carilla bark (sold under the tradename ESSENTIAL OIL); Cimicifugoside (available from Cirnigoside); adapalene; cedarleaf oil; chamomille; chaparral; chlorhexidine glucon ademethionine; adenosine; aletris extract; alkyl glutathione ate; chlorophenesin; chlorxylenol; cinnamon oil; citronella esters; alkoxyalkoxy alkoxyn benZoic and derivatives; aloe oil; clove oil; Crinipan AD (available from ClimbaZole); 2,3 derived lectins; amino propane phosphoric acid; 3-aminopro dihydro-farnesol; dehydroacetic acid and its salts; dill seed pyl dihydrogen phosphate; Amadorine (available from Bamet oil; DOWICIL 200 (available from DoW Chemical, located in Products); anise extracts; AOSINE (available from Secma); Midland, Mich.); echinacea; elenolic acid; epimedium; ethyl arginine amino benZoate; ASC 111 (available from E. Merck, paraben; Fo-Ti; galbanum; garden bumet; GERMALL 115 located in Darmstadt, Germany); ascorbic acid; ascorbyl and GERMALL 11 (available from lSP-Sutton Labs, located palmitate; asiatic acid; asiaticosides; ARLAMOL GEOTM in Wayne, N.J.); German chamomile oil; giant knotWeed; (available from 1C1, located in Wilmington, Del.); aZaleic GLYDANT (available from LonZa, located in FairlaWn, N.J.); acid; benZoic acid derivatives; bertholletia extracts; betulinic GLYDANT PLUS (available from LonZa); grapefruit seed acid; AND BIOPEPTIDE CL (available oil; 1,6 hexanediol; hexamidine diisethionate; hinokitiol; from Sederma, located in Brooklyn, NY); BIOPEPTIDE EL honey; honeysuckle ?oWer; hops; immortelle; iodopropynl (available from Sederma); biotin; blackberry bark extract; butyl carbamide (available from LonZa); isobutyl paraben; blackberry lily extracts; black cohosh extract; blue cohesh isopropyl paraben; JM ACTICARE (available from Micro extract; butanoyl betulinic acid; carboxymethyl 1,3 beta glu bial Systems lntemational, located in Nottingham, NG); juni can; catecholamines; chalcones; citric acid esters; chaste tree per berries; KATHON CG (available from Rohm and Haas, extract; clover extracts; ; CPC Peptide (available located in Philadelphia, Pa.); kojic acid; labdanum; lavender; from Bamet Products); ; dang gui extract; daruto lemon balm oil; lemon grass; methyl paraben; mint; mume; side; debromo laurinterol; 1-decanoyl-glycero-phosphonic mustard; myrrh; neem seed oil; ortho phenyl phenol; olive acid; dehydrocholesterol; dehydrodicreosol; dehydrodieu leaf extract (available from Bio Botanica); parsley; patchouly genol; dehydroepiandersterone; DERMOLECTINE (avail oil; peony root; 1,2 pentandiol; PHENONIP (available from able from Sederma); dehydroascorbic acid; dehydroepian Nipa Labs, located in Wilmington, Del.); phenoxyethanol; dersterone sulfate; dianethole; hydroxy benZoic acid; 2,4 phytosphingosine; pine needle oil; PLANSERVATIVE dihydroxybenZoic acid; diglycol guanidine succinate; dios (available from Campo Research); propyl paraben; purslane; genin; disodium ascorbyl phosphate; dodecanedioic acid; quillaira; rhubarb; rose geranium oil; rosemary; sage; sali Ederline (available from Seporga); Enderline (available from cylic acid; sassafras; savory; sichuan lovage; sodium meta Laboratories Seporga); ; eriodictyol; and its bisul?te; sodium sul?te; SOPHOLIANCE (available from derivatives; ETF (available from Laboratories Seporga); Soliance, located in Compiegne, France); sorbic acid and its ethocyn; ELESERYL SH (available from Laboratories Sero salts; sphingosine; stevia; storax; sucrose esters; tarmic acid; biologiques, located in Somerville, NJ); ENDONUCLEINE tea; tea tree oil (cajeput oil); thyme; ; ; (available from Laboratories Serobiologiques); ergosterol; tropolone; turpentine; umbelliferone (antifungal); yucca; and eythrobic acid; fennel extract; fenugreek seed extract; mixtures thereof. FIBRASTIL (available from Sederma); FIBROSTIM [0091] Anti-In?ammatory Agents ULINES S and P (available from Sederma); FIRMOGEN LS [0092] Anti-in?ammatories can be included in formula 8445 (available from Laboratories Serobiologiques); for tions described herein to enhance photoprotection bene?ts, mononetin; forsythia fruit extract; gallic acid esters; gamma particularly from UVA. amino butyric acid; GATULINE RC (available from Gattle US 2012/0315235 A1 Dec. 13, 2012

fosse, located in Priest, France); ; genisteine; genis itic acid; panthenol; panthetine; phosphodiesterase inhibi tic acid; gentisyl alcohol; gingko bilboa extracts; ginseng tors; PHYTO/CER (available from Intergen); phytogly extracts; ginsenoside (RO, R61, R62, R63, Rc, RD, RE, RF, colipid millet extract (available from Barnet Products RF-2, RG-I, RG-2); gluco pyranosyl-L-ascorbate; glu Distributer, located in Englewood, NJ); PHYTOSPHIN tathione and its esters; ; hesperitin; hexahydro cur GOSINE (available from Gist Brocades, located in King of cumin; HMG-coenZyme A reductase inhibitors; hops Prussia, Pa.); PSENDOFILAGGRIN (available from Brooks extracts; 11 hydroxy undecanoic acid; 10 hydroxy decanoic Industries, located in South Plain?eld, N.J.); QUESTAMIDE acid; 25-hydroxycholesterol; 7-hydroxylated sterols; H (available from Quest); serine; sigmasterol; sitosterol; soy hydroxyethyl iso stearyloxy isopropanolamine; hydroxy-tetra bean derived sterols; sphingosine; sphingomylinase; S-lac methyl piperidinyloxy; hypotaurine; ibukijakou extract; toyl glutathione; stearic acid; Structurine (available from iso?avone SG 10 (available from Barnet Products); kinetin; Silah); SUPER STEROL ESTERS (available from Croda); kohki extract; L-2-OXO-thiaZolidine-4-carboxylic acid thioctic acid; THSC CERAMIDE OIL (available from esters; lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors; 1-lauryl,-lyso-phos Campo Research); trimethyl glycine; tocopheryl nicotinate; phatidyl choline; lectins; lichochalcone LF15 (available from vitamin D3; Y2 (available from Ocean Pharmaceutical); and MaruZen); licorice extracts; ; lumisterol; lupenes; mixtures thereof. luteolin; lysophosphitidic acid; magnesium ascorbyl phos [0099] Non-Steroidal Cosmetic Soothing Actives phate; margin; melatonin; melibiose; metalloproteinase [0100] Cosmetic soothing actives can be effective in pre inhibitors; methoprene; methoprenic acid; mevalonic acid; venting or treating in?ammation of the skin and can be MPC COMPLEX (available from CLR); N methyl serine; N included in the formulations described herein. The soothing methyl taurine; N,N1-bis(lactyl) cysteamin; ; active enhances the skin appearance bene?ts of the present neotigogenin; o-desmethylangoiensin; oat beta glucan; ole invention, e.g., such agents contribute to a more uniform and anolic acid; pantethine; phenylalanine; photoanethone; pip acceptable skin tone or color. eridine; placental extracts; pratensein; pregnenolone; preg [0101] The exact amount of anti-in?ammatory agent to be nenolone acetate; pregnenolone succinate; premarin; quillaic used in the compositions Will depend on the particular anti acid; ; REPAIR FACTOR 1 and REPAIR FACTOR in?ammatory agent utiliZed since such agents vary Widely in FCP (both available from Sedema); retinoates (esters of C2_2O potency. alcohols); retinyl glucuronate; retinyl linoleate; S-carboxym [0102] Non-limiting examples of cosmetic soothing agents ethyl cysteine; SEANAMINE FP (available from Laborato include the folloWing categories: propionic acid derivatives; ries Serobiologiques); sodium ascorbyl phosphate; soya acetic acid derivatives; fenamic acid derivatives; biphenylcar extracts; spleen extracts; tachysterol; taurine; taZarotene; boxylic acid derivatives; and oxicams. All of these cosmetic tempol; thymulen; thymus extracts; thyroid hormones; tigo soothing actives are fully described in US. Pat. No. 4,985, genin; tocopheryl retinoate; toxifolin; traumatic acid; tricho 459 to Sunshine et al., issued Jan. 15, 1991, incorporated by line citrate; trifoside; uracil derivatives; ursolic acid; vitamin reference herein in its entirety. Non-limiting examples of D3 and its analogs; vitamin K; vitex extract; yam extract; useful cosmetic soothing actives include acetyl salicylic acid, yamogenin; Zeatin; and mixtures thereof. ibuprofen, naproxen, benoxaprofen, ?urbiprofen, fenopro [0097] Skin Barrier Repair Actives fen, fenbufen, ketoprofen, indoprofen, pirprofen, carprofen, [0098] Skin barrier repair actives are those skin care actives oxaproZin, pranoprofen, miroprofen, tioxaprofen, suprofen, Which can help repair and replenish the natural moisture alminoprofen, tiaprofenic acid, ?uprofen, bucloxic acid, barrier function of the epidermis and can be included in absinthium, acacia, ACTIGEN Y (available from Active formulations described herein. Non-limiting examples of Organics), aescin, agrimony, alder buckthom extract, allan skinbarrier repair actives include Alpha Lipid (available from toin, aloe, angelica, APT (available from Centerchem), Lucas Meyer); ascorbic acid; biotin; biotin esters; brassicas amica, aslragalus, aslragalus root extract, AVOCADIN terol; caffeine; ; canola derived sterols; Cenna HS-80 (available from Croda), avocado, aZulene, SR mides (available from Ennagram); Ceramax (available from 15 (available from Barnet Products Dist.), baikal skullcap, Alban Muller); CERAMAX (available from Quest, located in baiZhu, balm mint, balm of gilead, balsam canada, barley Ashford, England); CERAMIDE 2 and CERAMIDE H03TM malt, basil, bayberry fruit, bee pollen, bladderWrack, BIO (both available from Sederma); CERAMIDE 11 (available DYNES TRF (available from Arch Personal Care), BIOPHY from Quest); CERAMIDE III and IIIB (both available from TEX (available from Laboratories Serobiologiques), bisab Cosmoferm, located in Deft, Netherlands); CERAMIDE LS 0101, black cohosh, black cohosh extract blue cohosh, blue 3773 (available from Laboratories Serobiologiques); cohosh extract, blue ?ag, boneset, borage, borage oil, brady CERAMINOL (available from Inocosm); Cerasol and kinin antagonists, bromelain, burdock root, butterbur, calen Cephalip (both available from Pentapharm); cholesterol; cho dula, calendula extract, Canadian WilloWbark Extract (avail lesterol hydroxystearate; cholesterol isostearate; 7 dehydro able from Fytokem), candelilla Wax, CangZhu, canola cholesterol; DERMATEIN BRC and DERMATEIN GSL , capsicum, carboxypeptidase, celery seed, cel (both available from Hormel); ELDEW CL 301 AND ery stem extract, CENTAURIUM (available from Sederma), ELDEW PS 203 (both available from Ajinomoto); Fitobro centaury extract, chamaZulene, chamomile, chamomile side (available from Pentapharm); galactocerebrosides; Gen extract, chaparral, chaste tree, chaste tree extract, chickWeed, erol 122 (available from Henkel); glyceryl serine amide; chicory root, chicory root extract, chirata, chishao, collodial hydroxyethyl isostearyl isopropanolamine; lactic acid; Lac oatmeal, coltsfoot, comfrey, comfrey extract, cone?oWer, tomide (available from Pentapharm); lanolin; lanolin alco corn?oWer, CROMOIST CM GLUCAN (available from hols; lanosterol; lauric acid N laurylglucamide; lipoic acid; Croda), CYTOBIOL IRIS A (available from Gattefosse), N-acetyl cysteine; N-acetyl-L-serine; N-methyl-L-Serine; darutoside, dehurian angelica, devil’s claW, divalent metals Net Sterol-ISO (available from Barnet Products); vitamin B3 (such as, magnesium, strontium, and manganese), doggrass, compounds (such as niacinamide and nicotinic acid); palm dogWood, dong quai, Eashave (available from Pentapharm), US 2012/0315235 A1 Dec. 13, 2012

eleuthero, ELHIBIN (available from Pentapharm), [0108] The invention can be further illustrated by the fol ENTELINE 2 (available from Secma), ephedra, epimedium, loWing examples of preferred embodiments thereof, although esculoside; ethacrynic acid, evening primrose, eyebright, it Will be understood that these examples are included merely Extract LE-100 (available from Sino Lion), Fangfeng, fennel for purposes of illustration and are not intended to limit the seed extract, feverfeW, ?cin, ?r needle, forsythia fruit, scope of the invention unless otherWise speci?cally indicated. Fytosterol 85 (available from Fytokem), ganoderma, gaoben, All percentages, ratios, and parts herein, in the Speci?cation, gardenia, Gatuline A (available from Gattefosse), gentian, Examples, and Claims, are by Weight and are approximations germanium extract, gingko bilboa extract, ginkgo, ginseng unless otherWise stated. extract, GIVOBIO GZn (available from Seppic), goldenseal, gorgonian extract, gotu kola, grape fruit extract, guaiac Wood Example 1 oil, guggal extract, helenalin esters, henna, honeysuckle Anti-Acne Treatment ?oWer, hops, horehound extract, horsechestnut, horsetail, huZhang, hypericum, Iceland moss, ichthyol, immortelle, [0109] A study conducted With Emu Oil and doxycycline ipecac, IRICALMIN (available from Pentapharm), irish Was undertaken in volunteers With mild to moderate acne. moss, ivy, Japanese green tea, job’s tears, jojoba, jujube, Sixteen volunteers participated Who had mild to moderate juniper berry, kava kava, kiWi, kola extract, kumquat, acne, and one had severe cystic acne. Within 48 hours of LANACHRYS 28 (available from Lana Tech), lemon oil, application of the combination, the acne had disappeared. LEMON SECRETS (available from Gattefosse), lianqiao, Only the volunteer With severe cystic acne had to apply the licorice root, ligusticum, liguslrum, lime ?oWer, linden, combination for ?ve days for the acne to resolve. The e?icacy lovage root, lu?‘a, mace, magnolia ?oWer, mandarin orange, Was 100%. This Was superior to Emu Oil alone since Emu Oil manjistha extract, margaspidin, marshmalloW, matricin, did not shoW similar e?icacy (rate less than 50%, time to meadoWsWeet, melatonin, MICROAT IRC (available from effect a Week or longer, and not effective in cystic acne). Nurture), mints, mistletoe, Modulene (available from There are no tropical formulations of doxycycline to compare Seporga), mono or diglucosides of , mono or diglu With. On histological examination, doxycycline Was found in cosides of gentisin, MTA (5'-deoxy-5'-methylhioadenosine), the dermis Within 15 minutes of topical application. mulberry bark, mullein, mung bean extract, musk, myrrh, [0110] While the foregoing speci?cation teaches the prin N-methyl arginine, nettle, neutral henna, oak bark, oat beta ciples of the present invention, With examples provided for glucan, oat extract, orange, orange blossom, panthenol, the purpose of illustration, it Will be understood that the papain, papaya, parsley, passion fruit, pear, periWinkle, pine practice of the invention encompasses all of the usual varia cone, phenoxyacetic acid, peony bark, peony root, Phytople tions, adaptations and/or modi?cations as come Within the nolin (available from Bio Botanica), phytosphingosine, scope of the folloWing claims and their equivalents. plankton, Preregen (available from Pentapharm), prickly ash What is claimed: bark, purslane, QUENCH T (available from Centerchem), 1. A composition comprising Emu Oil and active ingredi quillaia, red clover blossom, red sage, rehmannia, rhubarb, ents to treat skin imperfections and diseases. rice bran, roman chamomile, rose, rosemary, rosmarinic acid, 2. A composition for use in treating acne, comprising emu royal jelly, rue, rutin, sandleWood, sanqi, sarsaparilla, saW oil and one or more additional active ingredients selected palmetto, SENSILINE (available from Silab), SEPICALM S from the group consisting of doxycycline, erythromycin, sali (available from Seppic), SEPICALM VG (available from cylic acid, a salicylate, tretinoin, aZelaic acid, benZoyl perox Seppic), SIEGESBECKIA (available from Sederma), skull ide, Clindamycin, and TaZarotene. cap, slippery elm, soap bark, spearmint, SPHINGANINE 3. The composition of claim 2, Wherein the active ingredi (available from Croda), stearyl glycyrrhetinate, Stimutex ent is doxycycline, and Wherein the doxycycline is present at (available from Pentapharm), storax, strontium nitrate, sWeet a concentration of betWeen around 1 and around 100 mg/100 birch oil, sWeet Woodniff, tagetes, tea extract, thyme extract, mg emu oil. tienchi ginseng, tocopherol, tocopheryl acetate, triclosan, tur 4. The composition of claim 2, Wherein the active ingredi meric, urimei, ursolic acid, VEDACALM (available from ent is erythromycin, and Wherein the erythromycin is present Gattefosse), violet, White lily, White pine bark, Wild cherry at a concentration of betWeen around 1 and around 2% by bark, Witch haZel, yarroW, yeast extract, yucca, and mixtures Weight of emu oil. thereof. 5. The composition of claim 2, Where the active ingredient [0103] Anti-Itch Ingredients is salicylic acid or a salicylate, and Wherein the concentration [0104] Also useful as active ingredients in the present of salicylic acid or a salicylate is around 2% by Weight of emu invention are anti-itch ingredients. oil. [0105] Non-limiting examples of anti-itch ingredients 6. The composition of claim 2, Where the active ingredient Which are useful in the compositions of the present invention is tretinoin, and Wherein the tretinoin is present at a concen are those selected from the group consisting of aloe vera, tration of 0.025-0.1%. balm of gilead, beet, pennyroyal, peppermint, soapWort, 7. The composition of claim 2, Wherein the active ingredi Stimu-tex (available from Pentapharrn); Takanal (available ent is aZelaic acid, and Wherein the aZelaic acid is present at a from lkeda-Distributer); lchthyol (available from Interna concentration of about 20%. tional Sourcing-Distributor); Oxygenated Glyceryl Triesters 8. The composition of claim 2, Wherein the active ingredi (available from Seporgia) and mixtures thereof. ent is benZoyl peroxide, and Wherein the benZoyl peroxide is [0106] Antioxidants present at a concentration of betWeen about 2.5 and about [0107] Representative antioxidants include vitamin E, 10% Weight percent. tocopheryl acetate, betaglucan, coenZyme Q10, butylated 9. The composition of claim 2, Wherein the active ingredi hydroxy toluene (BHT), butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA), ent is Clindamycin, and Wherein the Clindamycin is present at superoxide dismutase, propylgallate, and the like. a concentration of about 10 mg/100 ml emu oil. US 2012/0315235 A1 Dec. 13, 2012

10. The composition of claim 2, wherein the active ingre tide-3, acetyl glutamyl heptapeptide, or palmitoyl pentapep dient is TaZarotene, Wherein the TaZarotene is present at a tide-3 are present at a concentration of about 10% by Weight, concentration of betWeen about 0.05 and about 0.1% by and palmitoyl oligopeptide or palmitoyl tetrapeptide-3 are Weight. present at a concentration of betWeen about 3 and about 4% 11. A composition for use in treating hair loss, comprising by Weight. emu oil and one or more additional active ingredients selected 26. A composition for toning the skin and/or providing from the group consisting of Finasteride and Minoxidil. anti-oxidant properties to the skin, comprising emu oil and an 12. The composition of claim 11, Wherein the active ingre active ingredient selected from the group consisting of dim dient is Finasteride, and the Finasteride is present at a con ethylaminoethanol, Idebenone, and ubiquinone. centration of betWeen about 50 and about 100 mg/100 ml emu 27. The composition of claim 26, Wherein the active ingre oil. dient is dimethylaminoethanol, and the concentration of dim 13. The composition of claim 11, Wherein the active ingre ethylaminoethanol is about 3% by Weight. 28. The composition of claim 26, Wherein the active ingre dient is Minoxidil, Wherein the Minoxidil is present at a concentration of 2-5%. dient is Idebenone, and the concentration of ldebenone is about 0.5% by Weight. 14. A composition for use in treating skin diseases, com prising emu oil and a steroid. 29. The composition of claim 26, Wherein the active ingre 15. The composition of claim 14, Wherein the skin disease dient is ubiquinone, and the concentration of ubiquinone is includes psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, urti betWeen about 1 and about 3% by Weight. caria, pemphigus. 30. A composition comprising emu oil and human groWth 16. The composition of claim 14, Wherein the steroid is hormone, Wherein the human groWth hormone is present at a hydrocortisone butyrate, and the hydrocortisone butyrate is concentration of about 2.5 lU/L. present at a concentration of about 0.1% by Weight. 31 . A method for treating acne, comprising administering a composition of claim 2 to a patient in need of treatment 17. A composition for use in treating sun damage, com thereof. prising emu oil and glycolic acid, Wherein the glycolic acid is 32. A method for treating hair loss, comprising topically present at a concentration of betWeen about 10 and about 80% administering a composition of claim 11 to the scalp of a by Weight. patient in need of treatment thereof. 18. A composition for use in treating Wrinkles and/or 33. A method for treating skin diseases, comprising topi removing hyper-pigmentation, comprising emu oil and one or cally applying a composition of any claim 14 to a patient in more active ingredients selected from the group consisting of need of treatment thereof. all-trans retinol/retinol palmitate, an alpha-hydroxy acid, a 34. The method of claim 33, Wherein the skin disease is beta-hydroxy acid, and Kojic acid. selected from the group consisting of psoriasis, atopic der 19. The composition of claim 18, Wherein the active ingre matitis, contact dermatitis, urticaria, pemphigus. dient is all-trans retinol/retinol palmitate, and Wherein the 35. A method for treating sun damage, topically applying all-trans retinol/retinol palmitate is present at a concentration to sun-damaged skin a composition of claim 17 to a patient in of betWeen about 1 and about 2% by Weight. need of treatment thereof. 20. The composition of claim 18, Wherein the active ingre 36. A method of treating Wrinkles, comprising topically dient is an alpha hydroxy acid, and Wherein the alpha hydroxy applying a composition of claim 18 to a patient in need of acid is present at a concentration of around 12% by Weight. treatment thereof. 21. The composition of claim 18, Wherein the active ingre 37. A method for reducing the pore siZe of skin, tightening dient is a beta hydroxy acid, Wherein the beta-hydroxy acid is the skin, or ?nning the skin, comprising topically applying present concentration of betWeen about 1 and about 2% by the composition of claim 23 to a patient in need of treatment Weight. thereof. 22. The composition of claim 18, Wherein the active ingre 38. A method for treating xerosis of the skin, removing dient is Kojic acid, Wherein the Kojic acid is present at a scars, or providing antioxidant properties to the skin, com concentration of about 4% by Weight. prising administering the composition of claim 24 to a patient 23. A composition for reducing the pore siZe of skin, tight in need of treatment thereof. ening the skin, or ?nning the skin, comprising emu oil and 39. A method for removing Wrinkles from the skin, ?rming green tea or an extract thereof, Wherein the concentration of the skin, or providing antioxidant properties, comprising the green tea or extract thereof is around 10% by Weight. topically applying the composition of claim 25 to a patient in 24. A composition for treating xerosis of the skin, scar need of treatment thereof. removal, or providing antioxidant properties, comprising 40. A method for toning the skin and/or providing anti emu oil and copper peptide, Wherein the copper peptide is oxidant properties to the skin, comprising topically applying present at a concentration of about 10% by Weight. the composition of claim 26 to a patient in need of treatment 25. A composition for removing Wrinkles from the skin, thereof. ?rming the skin, or providing antioxidant properties, com 41. A method of hormone replacement therapy for human prising emu oil and an active ingredient selected from the groWth hormone comprising topical application of the com group consisting of acetyl hexapeptide-3, acetyl glutamyl position of claim 30 to a patient in need of treatment thereof. heptapeptide, palmitoyl pentapeptide-3, palmitoyl oligopep tide, or palmitoyl tetrapeptide-3, Wherein the acetyl hexapep * * * * *