Snh Annual Report 1994-1995

SCOTTISH NATURAL HERITAGE

1994-95 SCOTTISH NATURAL HERITAGE

Annual Report 1994-95

Working with Scotland's people to care for our natural heritage

Ag obhair comhla ri muinntir na h-Alba airson math ar dualchas nadair SCOTTISH Magnus Magnusson KBE 12 Hope Terrace NATURAL Chairman Edinburgh HERITAGE EH9 2AS

Telephone: 0131 447 4784 Fax: 0131 446 2278

To the Right Honourable Michael Forsyth MP Her Majesty's Secretary of State for Scotland

Sir, I have the honour to present the Report of Scottish Natural Heritage, covering the period 1 April 1994 to 31 March 1995.

I am, Sir, your obedient servant,

Magnus Magnusson KBE Chairman

Scottish Natural Heritage 12 Hope Terrace Edinburgh EH9 2 AS

November 1995

Laid before Parliament under Section 10 of the Natural Heritage (Scotland) Act 1991

Chairman: Magnus Magnusson KBE Chief Executive: Roger Crofts Working with Scotland's people to care for our natural heritage Contents

SJVH ANNUAL REPORT 1994/95 Chief Executive's Foreword 4 FACTS AND FIGURES

The Natural Heritage PROMOTING Biodiversity 6 Designated Areas as at 31 March 1995 Nature Conservation Designations National Nature Reserves 42 MANAGING Sites of Special Scientific Interest - Special Natural Heritage Sites 9 Sites designated 1/4/94 - 31/3/95 43 Summary 43 Damage 44 FACILITATING THE Nature Conservation Orders 44 Management of Key Areas 13 Management Agreements 44 International Designations Designated Ramsar Sites 47 IMPROVING Designated Special Protection Areas 48 Environmental Education 16 Proposed Ramsar Sites with local consultations completed and recommended to Government for designations 48 ASSISTING Other International Landscape and Land Managers 19 Recreation Designations 48 Other Designations Local Nature Reserves 49 PROTECTING Responses to consultations 50 Marine and Coastal Areas 24 Grants awarded 52 Loan repayments 66 Research contracts 68 WORKING WITH Licences issued 76 Local Authorities 27

SUPPORTING THE Central Scotland Woodlands Initiative 31

Scottish Natural Heritage

DELIVERING Board members 78 Special Nature Conservation Functions 33 Publications 79 Public access to environmental information - a statement 80 ADVISING ON Statement of account 81 Natural Heritage Policy Development 34 Statement of Chief Executive and Board responsibilities 84 Auditor's certificate 85 INCREASING Income and expenditure account 86 Efficiency, Effectiveness and Economy 37 Notes to the accounts 89 ' SNH ANNUAL REPORT 1994/95 , < Chief Executive's Foreword <

The year 1994/95 was, to a significant extent, a year of preparations for the launch of a major initiative - 'Paths re-orientation, innovation and partnership. We re- for All' - aimed at increasing access in and around orientated our programmes in the light of changing communities throughout Scotland over the next decade, Government priorities. We developed many new for the benefit of residents and visitors alike. We were approaches in areas which previously created difficulty. pleased with the positive responses to our proposals and We brought an ever-widening range of interests together action programme and hope that the partnership into working partnership, both nationally and locally. approach will bring many practical benefits in future Within SNH we developed greater coherence for the years. organisation through the Management Strategy and the

evolution of our Corporate Planning systems. We launched our Focus on Firths Initiative aimed at increasing understanding and awareness of the natural We adjusted our programmes during the year in the light heritage of our key firths as well as seeking to facilitate of the changed priorities given to us by the Secretary of coherent management strategies for these areas. Once State as part of the financial settlement for this year and again, we were pleased with the positive responses from future years. We took forward the work in support of the public, private and voluntary sector partners in the Government's obligations under the EC Directives on Moray Firth, the Solway Firth and the Firth of Forth. We Wild Birds and Habitats. We have actively pursued the also brought forward our proposals for improving the 4 many actions which Government has asked us to management of the natural heritage on the red deer undertake in implementing its Biodiversity Action Plan. range (both the moorland and woodland elements). We All of this work has been underpinned by the clear began our active partnership with the Red Deer articulation of Government policy on Biodiversity and Commission and the Deer Management Groups to Sustainable Development in the suite of post-Rio secure long-term improvements to the habitats. We look documents published in January 1994. In addition, we forward to the benefits which this approach will bring to have increased our efforts and resourcing towards deer managers and to all plants and animals which achieving the objectives set out by the Secretary of State depend on the range. for the Cairngorms, Loch Lomond & the Trossachs and

for Environmental Education. Several other major initiatives were developed during the year and will be formally launched next year. I shall The year also saw the realisation of a number of key mention here only two action-orientated and innovative initiatives for which we have been preparing for some schemes. First, in the field of Environmental Education time; some indeed had been started by our predecessor we have developed a series of valuable tools for use in bodies. For many, access to the natural heritage, schools, by community groups of all ages and other particularly outside the major settlements, is a major interests to stimulate public interest in the natural issue: it places demands on owners and managers of heritage and to heighten knowledge and awareness. land and, on the other hand, it is seen as a traditional The Environmental Community Chest, and the freedom for all of us living in Scotland. We have now development of the Grounds for Learning project as well brought out a major policy statement and action as teachers packs, will form part of our Environmental programme on access. As a result we were asked to Education Initiative which we intend to launch next establish an Access Forum to bring together many year. Second, we have focused some attention on different interests to consider codes of practice on intensive arable agriculture. We commissioned review access to different parts of Scotland. We also began reports on agricultural technology and entered into discussion with leading arable farmers to identify those We pride ourselves in the service we provide to our many products and practices which could be actively used to customers. This was the first full year for the the benefit of farm businesses and the farm environment. implementation of 'Natural Standards', SNH's response to the Citizen's Charter. I am pleased to report that, as Working in partnership continues to be a major mode of indicated in detail in this report, we were well above operation for us. We have developed our relationships target on all aspects of our service delivery over the year with the 8,500 or so owners and occupiers of Sites of as a whole. Special Scientific Interest. Each of them has received a copy of our booklet on SSSIs, and new SSSI owners and During the year we reviewed our internal planning occupiers have been given a simply worded systems and re-styled our work into 11 Programmes, and Management Brief explaining the importance of the site these form the basic framework for our review of 1994/95 and our view of its management requirements. in this Annual Report.

SNH Key Targets Progress on particular former 'hot spots' of controversy has also been made through innovative schemes in the TASK TARGET 1994/95 ACHIEVEMENTS 25% in SE Flow Country, Islay, Strathbeg, the Solway and South Percentage contact 20% in 1994/95 with SSSI owners and (100% over 5 years) 30% in SW Walls on Orkney in order to protect rare or endangered occupiers 25% in NW 71% inNE species and the habitats on which they depend and, at Percentage of SSSIs 100% of new SSSIs 100% the same time, maintain the financial viability of farmers' for which management 20% of existing 25% briefs completed businesses. Percentage of 100% * 72% management plans 5 A major new area of activity during the year has been completed for NNRs partnership working with other interests to obtain Numbers of projects to raise understanding European Regional Development Funds in Objective 1, 2 and awareness - local communities 39 (3 per SNH Area) 37 and 5b areas. We were actively involved in the - business communities 8 (2 per SNH Region) 24 development of framework plans and the preparation for Respond within 100% 100%responded applications for environmental projects, as well as timescales to statutory within deadline consultations ensuring environmental benefits from major economic * Within the year some original NNR plans came up for revision. development and infrastructure projects. During the year we gave out 1203 grants totalling £8.16 million and As this Annual Report makes clear we have made a great completed the negotiation of 79 Management deal of progress during the year. We achieved 85% of Agreements, of which 68% were positive agreements or targets set out in our Operational Plan and 95% of the had positive management elements. targets set for us by The Scottish Office, and we laid solid foundations for delivering our programmes for the future. The devolution of responsibility to the local level remains I welcome the Government's continuing support through one of our key operating principles. Our four Regional the provision of additional resources, and the active Boards and Regional staff continued to work engagement of our partners. Of vital importance productively together and with a wide range of local throughout the year was the dedicated and determined partners. We reinforced our local presence with the effort of all my colleagues, both staff and Board opening of an office in Dunoon, and we moved two of members, within SNH. our Area offices to more central locations so that they were more accessible to our customers - Clydebank and Dumfries.

Roger Crofts PROMOTING Biodiversity

Most of the work in this programme area is As part of the UK Biodiversity Action Plan, SNH is explicitly reflected in the UK Biodiversity charged with identifying a range of biogeographic Action Plan. It covers SNH's species action zones covering the whole of Scotland. This work, programme, advice on species protection and based on the current distribution of plants and management, the development of inventories animals as they reflect variations in environmental of the natural heritage and state of the natural conditions, was progressed. An essential component heritage reporting, as well as licensing under of this activity is the development of a systematic the 1981 Wildlife and Countryside Act and natural heritage sub-division of Scotland. We made grant schemes to protect or manage species. progress on two aspects of this work during the year landscape character assessment and natural heritage inventories.

Landscape Character Assessment

A comprehensive National Landscape Character Assessment Programme was started which aims to collect baseline information on the aesthetic 6 characteristics and condition of the Scottish landscape. This database on the landscape resource will provide guidance on the classification of landscape character, its quality and sensitivity to change. This information will assist us to deal effectively with planning applications and other matters where there are important landscape implications. Some 30 per cent of Scotland's landscape was assessed during the year, including Dumfries and Galloway Region, Shetland, Orkney, the Inverness Urban Fringe and Kinross. These projects have been developed in partnership with local authorities and other interested parties. We aim to complete the assessment of Scotland over a period of four years and to use this information to explore the relationship between landscape character zones and biogeographic zones.

SNH is making an important contribution to the UK Natural Heritage Inventories Biodiversity Action Plan through a range of activities involving key partners - owners and managers of land, Our research, survey and monitoring work provides us industry, local authorities, communities and voluntary with essential information which is up-to-date and groups - to achieve maximum benefits for all. accurate. This activity must be set within a strategic framework and during the year we undertook a review of SNH environmental monitoring requirements and began a monitoring strategy which will underpin our develop a Geographic Information System of work. A cornerstone of this strategy is the preparation woodland information. of a range of natural heritage inventories which will give us a comprehensive picture of the state of our In the interests of informing others about the natural natural heritage. heritage we make our research work available in the form of published papers as well as major reports. In The National Countryside Monitoring Scheme, the last year our Research and Advisory Services managed by SNH, has quantified the changes in the Directorate published 29 reports, as well as several Scottish countryside between the late 1940s and the scientific papers and items of popular interest. (See early 1970s. A major report - National Countryside Page 79 for full list of publications). Monitoring Scheme: the changing face of Scotland Species Protection 1940s to 1970s - summarising the changes throughout

Scotland was published with an accompanying Part of the Government's commitment in Agenda 21 Technical Report explaining the methodology used. and the UK Biodiversity Action Plan is to maintain the diversity of species in Scotland. SNH has a duty to The publication of The Natural Heritage of Scotland: protect a variety of plants and animals which are the An Overview, which was completed in March 1995, subject of both international and UK endangered provides an authoritative view on the present state of species agreements or legislation. Much of our work knowledge of key elements of the natural heritage. to achieve this in designated areas and in the wider countryside is through managing habitats to protect

SNH and the Forestry Authority drew up a joint particular species. working agreement for the collation and storage of n woodland data. Under this agreement both One of the reintroduced species, the sea eagle, again organisations will co-ordinate their activities to had a successful year in 1994 when five young sea develop a joint database of key information about eagles flew from nests in Scotland. This brings to 39 woodlands of natural heritage interest. This work the total of wild sea eagles fledged since the birds forms an important part of SNH's own programme to were first re-introduced in 1975 by the Nature

Carlos Sanchez

The re-introduction of the red kite is being carried out in partnership with the RSPB. Conservancy Council and the Royal Society for the interests in Islay, the Uists, the Solway Firth, Buchan Protection of Birds. and Orkney to develop experimental management schemes to allow geese and farmers and crofters to We also worked in partnership with the RSPB to co-exist in harmony. After consultation with monitor the breeding performance of the re-introduced agricultural and environmental interests, SNH red kite population in northern Scotland. Progress was launched a pilot Barnacle Goose Management good, with 16 breeding areas occupied. Eight pairs Scheme on the inner Solway in autumn 1994, and this were known to lay eggs and 13 chicks were reared. has been taken up by 10 out of a possible 12 farms. In the north east similar trial schemes were developed Globally, corncrakes are still in decline but there are for the Strathbeg Goose Management Pilot Scheme signs that a joint initiative between SNH, the Scottish where 13 farmers entered fields covering 291 hectares Crofters Union and the RSPB is succeeding locally. A into a management agreement scheme - an increase voluntary scheme, which is now in its third year, has of 47 hectares from the previous year. Work was also been successful on Tiree where the population went undertaken on the development of the Barnacle against the national trend and reached a record 126 Goose Management Scheme in South Walls, Orkney. calling males. Much work still needs to be done to ensure that the corncrake not only continues to do During the year we gave advice on protected species well in present locations but also regains some lost such as bats and badgers to outside bodies and the territory. general public. We also used a combination of advice, management agreements, legal proceedings and On the other hand numbers of certain species of grants to ensure protection of those endangered 8 goose are increasing and causing damage to farm species listed in the Red Data Books. We contributed crops. SNH has been working with agricultural to the revision of the Red Data Books on higher plants.

Laurie Campbell During the year we issued 545 licences under various Acts of Parliament protecting wildlife. The licences cover a range of activities, although most are for scientific or nature conservation purposes.

Partnership

In November 1994 we signed a joint declaration with the British Association for Shooting and Conservation (BASC), the country's largest shooting organisation. The declaration highlights the active liaison between shooting and conservation and reflects BASC's and SNH's shared concern for practical measures to conserve game habitats and wildlife. We also played host, along with the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, to more than 20 police Wildlife Liaison Officers from across Scotland at a conference on wildlife crime; this gave police officers an opportunity to find out more about wildlife legislation, wildlife crime and the work of conservation organisations.

Barnacle geese MANAGING Special Natural Heritage Sites

Much of this work in the area of SSSIs and the importance of SNH working in partnership with NSAs is also set out in the UK Biodiversity those who own and manage SSSIs - farmers, Action Plan. Among the key objectives are to landowners, crofters, private individuals, voluntary enable the Government to implement the EC organisations and companies. Available free from Habitats Directive and the Wild Birds Directive SNH, the booklet was welcomed by the Scottish and to maintain a series of National Nature Landowners' Federation and the National Farmers' Reserves. Union for Scotland. Working in partnership with the owners and managers of these areas, the largest part of our resources, both financial and in staff time, is devoted to this important area of work.

We have generated management briefs for all new SSSIs and for a further 25 per cent of existing SSSIs in order to engage the support and commitment of owners and managers of land to promoting the protection of key sites. 9

Much of our work with owners and managers of land is achieved through positive management agreements. In Mid Argyll a management plan encompassing an entire estate was established. This estate comprises four farms where the agricultural operations are run in tandem with the natural heritage interest. Special features include juniper heath, native woodland, coastal heather moorland, orchid-rich meadows and a variety of animals including dragonflies and butterflies. In Dumfries and Galloway the need for reintroducing grazing to the merses of the Solway was identified and a pilot scheme was developed in the Caerlaverock area. Further north, Sites of Special Scientific Interest two positive management agreements were reached, In April 1994 Sir Hector Monro, Minister for both of which were aimed at protecting and Agriculture and the Environment at The Scottish enhancing small isolated populations of hawkweed Office launched on our behalf a new explanatory species endemic to Shetland. Also in the North East booklet - Scottish Natural Heritage and Sites of Region a further three positive management Special Scientific Interest. The booklet was sent to agreements were reached outwith SSSIs: one owners and occupiers of all Sites of Special Scientific modified the type of management which was Interest and more than 12,000 copies were distributed threatening an important lowland grassland in this year. It explains what SSSIs are, why they are Strathspey, the second secured an ungrazed area of important and how they are designated. It stresses coastal heathland on South Walls in Orkney and the Lome Gill

SNH works with owners and managers of land to protect key sites.

third obtained improvements to the appearance of an outcome of this case will be reported in the 1995/96 access route to a popular section of coast on Orkney. annual report. The Advisory Committee's advice was also received in respect of two biological SSSIs For the effective management of these sites it is also referred to it during 1993/94. For Dolphinton-West 10 important to have up-to-date and accurate survey Linton Fens and Grassland SSSI the Advisory material and this year we completed 14 topographic Committee considered that SNH's justification for field surveys and some 66 sites were flown over for including the land covered by the objection within the aerial photography. site was scientifically soundly-based and accordingly the notification was confirmed without modification. Scotland possesses more than two thirds of the For Lake of Menteith SSSI, SNH accepted all the peatland in Europe, and continues to be an important Advisory Committee's recommendations except one, area for peatland SSSIs. During the year three further that the width of buffer land adjacent to the feeder sites were notified, three validated and six confirmed. burn included within the site should vary according to Peatlands are one of the key habitats identified under topography, soil type and land use. Recognising the the EC Habitats Directive and our Peatland need to apply the precautionary principle to the Management Scheme to help with the care of the protection of this sensitive area, the original uniform Flow Country of Caithness and Sutherland continues 20 metre zone was retained in accordance with to grow. Since its launch in 1992 as a five-year current best practice and the practical considerations programme to encourage traditional forms of land involved. The notification was confirmed with a management which maintain the conservation modification. interest of the land within confirmed peatland SSSIs, Natura 2000 it expanded from 26 participants covering 24 per cent of the eligible land to 63 agreements covering 53,581 A considerable amount of work was done in providing hectares - some 48 per cent of the eligible land. scientific advice to The Scottish Office on possible candidates for Natura 2000 areas under the EC During the year one objection to the notification of a Habitats Directive. The first phase of the consultation new geological site, Roscobie Quarry SSSI, was among all owners and occupiers of proposed sites and referred to the Advisory Committee on SSSIs. The many other interested parties was carried out by SNH on behalf of The Scottish Office. Further consultations landscape, use sustainable materials, and be long- will take place during the summer of 1995 and this lived and easily maintained. During the year sign will provide additional opportunities for interested plans for 31 reserves were completed, signs were in parties to comment on the proposals for management production for 23 and installed on 11. It is intended to of the areas. complete this work in 1995/96.

We also produced two booklets explaining Natura We completed up-to-date management plans for 52 2000: Natura 2000: A Guide to the 1992 Habitats NNRs, including Forvie and Creag Meagaidh in the Directive in Scotland - Terrestrial Environment and north east. The revision of the St Abbs Head NNR Marine Environment. These were distributed to all Management Plan was completed with our partners relevant interests, particularly owners and managers and owners, the National Trust for Scotland, aided by of land. the Scottish Wildlife Trust. Plans were also progressed for improving visitor management and interpretive Work towards the designation of Special Protection facilities for Muir of Dinnet, Glen Tanar and the Forvie Areas and Ramsar sites in Scotland continued in visitor centre; our new visitor centre at Hermaness 1994/95, including a programme of site surveys, work (Shetland) is scheduled to open in May 1995. We also on the scientific cases for a total of 31 sites and active held open days at Noss (Shetland), Forvie and St involvement in local consultations, on behalf of The Cyrus NNRs. We produced new leaflets for 13 of our Scottish Office, on 22 sites. In addition, considerable most popular NNRs. effort was devoted to discussions with JNCC, EN and CCW on the development of draft selection criteria At Den of Airlie NNR a school nature trail was 11 and the revision of the GB list of SPAs. developed, by kind permission of the landowner, Lord Ogilvy. Visitor surveys were carried out during the National Nature Reserves summer of 1994 on Rum, Beinn Eighe and Inverpolly We developed a new range of signs for our NNRs to NNRs to assess the range and interests of visitors in provide clear information to visitors about each furtherance of our policy of using appropriate NNRs reserve; the signs are designed to blend with the for environmental education and interpretation.

Lome Gill

Installing new signs at Beinn Eighe NNR. National Scenic Areas

Significant development interest, both small and large-scale, is continuing within National Scenic Areas and is manifested in our planning consultation casework. Recognising the importance of the setting of individual developments within the landscape can be a critical factor in ameliorating impacts especially in larger-scale projects such as renewable energy developments, the construction of pipelines and Objective One funding projects.

12 FACILITATING THE, Management of Key Areas

In response to the Secretary of State's Working In supporting the Secretary of State's initiatives in the Parties' recommendations on the key areas of Cairngorms and in Loch Lomond & the Trossachs the Cairngorms and in Loch Lomond & the during the year, we established special programmes Trossachs, we are involved in partnership with to deliver our contribution for the natural heritage. others in pursuing integrated management of Cairngorms the natural heritage of these areas. We welcomed the Secretary of State's statement of priorities for the Cairngorms focusing on the montane zone and its recreational pressures as well as on the regeneration and expansion of the Caledonian Pine Woods with their associated grazing problems. To drive forward our own contribution we established a project team and drew up a project plan and programme of activities for SNH over the next few years of the Cairngorms project. 13 In November 1994 we welcomed the appointment by the Secretary of State of David Laird, a member of our Board and Chairman of our North East Regional Board, as the first Chairman of the Cairngorms Partnership Board. We provided support for the Chairman prior to the setting up of the Secretariat for the Board in February 1995 and pending the

Pat & Angus Macdonald

Braeriach in the Cairngorms. appointment of other Board members. SNH will also established and semi-natural woodlands in the area. support the Partnership Board with its target of The Forestry Authority has also made available a establishing a Management Strategy for the digitised copy of its Pinewood Inventory. This will be Cairngorms in 1996. particularly helpful in monitoring the state of the Caledonian Pine Woods for which the Cairngorms is We have targeted an additional £95,000 in grants to renowned. The project plan and the inventory will the Cairngorms area, covering support for form the basis for the programme of work on the interpretation at a visitor centre in Glen Esk, footpath ground over the next few years. repairs in the Lairig Ghru, on Lochnagar, in Glen Doll and on Cairn Gorm itself, community network We made an input to the Partnership Executive on the development through Highland and Islands Forum future management of the Cairngorms and the and a new Ranger service on the Atholl Estate. development of the Natural Heritage Area (NHA) proposals. A start was made on the development of an inventory Loch Lomond & the Trossachs of the key natural heritage interests in the Cairngorms to establish a baseline for monitoring change and In March 1995 we welcomed the Government's identifying priorities for action. A further £120,000 response to the Loch Lomond & the Trossachs supported no fewer than 17 inventory and research Working Party Report. The support for the projects. These included the first phases of two-year recommendations of the Working Party confirmed that projects to survey the montane and moorland habitats the early work done by SNH with Local Enterprise and assess their condition, to identify Companies, local authorities and others offers a sound 14 geomorphologically-sensitive areas, to assess basis for the future management of the area. landscape character and to survey visitors and

footpaths. As with the Cairngorms, we have set up a project team to co-ordinate a programme of work for SNH We also created a woodland Geographic Information over the next few years. We already have a close System (GIS) to produce an inventory of ancient, long- working relationship with the Loch Lomond Park

Lome Gill

Water based activities on Loch Lomond. Authority, which will have a major involvement in the new arrangements for Loch Lomond & the Trossachs. Much of the groundwork has been done to develop a monitoring strategy for the area which will form the basis for our future activities.

We have committed £345,000 over the next three years to establish a water-borne ranger service for Loch Lomond. This service is needed as the loch is increasingly popular for water-based activities and this had led to conflicts between different groups of users and to increased damage to shoreline habitats and wildlife where pressures are particularly high at peak holiday times. The loch ranger service, to be launched in summer 1995, will be operated by the Loch Lomond Park Authority, and will allow rangers easy access to the islands, thus taking their work into key areas which significant numbers of visitors already enjoy. We supported the Park Authority in proposing new byelaws to impose speed limits for power boating in some areas, and zoning to benefit 15 'quiet' users, wildlife and habitats, while leaving scope for other water sports. IMPROVING Environmental Education

In this programme area, SNH operates a school contribute to monitoring Scotland's Environmental grants schemes, provides advice to community Education Strategy. It is intended to launch this natural heritage initiatives, supports the work initiative in 1995. of SEEC, advises on curriculum developments, develops the use of the Battleby Centre and We have produced the Environmental Community seeks to make use of the media in Chest, a large green box crammed with communicating its natural heritage messages. environmental resource material. The keys to the use of the Chest are the Handbook and the training given to users. The materials are for a wide range of community groups of all ages. Initially 50 chests were produced and these were distributed in south east Scotland where their use was monitored and evaluated. The Chests have met with an extremely positive response and it is intended to extend their use throughout Scotland over the coming year.

16 After a successful seminar in 1993, we continued to work with the Grounds for Learning Forum. As well as convening a group of people actively involved in enhancing the use of Scotland's school grounds as a learning resource, we initiated a three-year research and demonstration project, the Grounds for Learning Partnership. The project, led by SNH and the Learning through Landscapes Trust, will provide examples of good practice, together with advice and support for practitioners.

Environmental Education Initiative We hosted a 'Common Agenda' workshop in our Based on the guidance in Learning for Life, the report Battleby Centre in partnership with the Scottish of the Secretary of State's Working Group on Consultative Council on the Curriculum and in Environmental Education, much of our work in association with Scottish Wildlife and Countryside environmental education over the last year has been Link. Attended by more than 70 people from across devoted to the development of our Environmental Scotland, the aim was to improve information Education Initiative which aims to help people exchange and partnership between key understand, appreciate and act beneficially for the environmental sector organisations and to raise natural heritage. Its strategy and supporting awareness of the real needs of schools. This was one programme target: people at home, in communities of six good practice workshops held at Battleby, and during outdoor leisure; formal education; post- which is developing its role as a centre for school and workplace training. We shall foster co- environmental education. operation and networking with partners and George Logan

The Environmental Community Chest contains a wealth of resource material.

To help provide a resource for use in the school regenerating neglected areas. We also supported the curriculum, and to encourage firsthand experience for Thistle Awards with the Scottish Tourist Board. These children, we developed an illustrated marine pack awards aim to recognise and celebrate excellence in based on the shores and seas of Argyll. A schools Scottish tourism and reward tourism-based projects 17 poster and slidepack and a directory of suitable sites where caring for the environment is a fundamental for school visits around the Moray Firth were part of the business. In addition, we operated and produced to encourage more schools to make use of participated in a range of smaller local award schemes the natural heritage in this area. A multi-media package for use by local people was also launched. Grants are important in helping partners to deliver programmes which further SNH aims. We supported Raising Awareness and Improving Skills a range of educational, interpretive and training Raising awareness of the natural heritage is one of our projects including continuing support for core skills key responsibilities and, in furtherance of this aim, we training for volunteer work programmes such as those published three issues of our magazine Scotland's provided by Scottish Conservation Projects Trust. Natural Heritage covering the themes of agriculture, access, and the natural heritage in and around At a local level, SNH joined the partnership for the settlements. We also published a range of general Glasgow Rosebowl - the City Council's annual interest booklets covering the geology of the environmental awards programme for schools. SNH's Cairngorms and the area between Loch Lomond and involvement brought with it a new element to the Stirling, as well as a habitats booklet on boglands. At programme - Nature on our Doorstep. SNH offered a a local level we produced an extensive range of package of assistance to the first 40 schools which newsletters and other publications which publicise submitted entries for projects involving the local our work more widely. environment and how it is used. The assistance took the form of grant-aid for materials and advice from

We played an active role in the first year of the SNH staff. Environmental Regeneration Awards in association with Scottish Enterprise National in order to acknowledge high quality standards of design in ENCY Interpretation of the Natural Heritage

SNH acted as the lead agency in Scotland for the We began the development of our interpretive planning to celebrate European Nature Conservation strategy for SNH. Two workshops, attended by more Year 1995. ENCY was officially launched at a special than 100 people, were held to promote SNH's role as event for conservation volunteers early in March provider of advice on interpretation. We also which took the form of an indoor seminar as well as a produced another three issues of our interpretation study tour of Holyrood Park, Edinburgh, to see nature newsletter Communicating the Message. conservation activities in action. The event was

followed by a ministerial reception in the Great Hall of The early wanderings of the young David Livingstone Edinburgh Castle hosted by Sir Hector Monro MP, and his keen observations on his local natural heritage Minister for Agriculture and the Environment at The were commemorated in a new permanent exhibition Scottish Office. at the David Livingstone Memorial Centre in Blantyre. The exhibition, called "FOOTSTEPS", was opened in

The advance planning for ENCY involved liaison with August by our chairman, Magnus Magnusson, and more than 100 partner bodies which are organising uses a vivid mixture of original artworks and events during 1995. We produced the first of a series interpretive media to highlight the natural history of quarterly wallplanners listing ENCY events features which enthralled Livingstone as a boy in his organised by participating organisations and native Lanarkshire. The project was created in distributed them to schools, libraries, cinemas and partnership with the Clyde Calders Project and was other venues throughout Scotland. supported by SNH, Hamilton Enterprise Development Company and Hamilton District Council. 18

You'll find nature on your doorstep

The first in a series of wallplanners celebrating European Nature Conservation Year. ASSISTING LAND MANAGERS

SNH advises land managers, representative Action sets out our proposals for a practical and bodies and Government to ensure that there is balanced way forward to deal with a wide range of awareness of the natural heritage interest and access issues. The paper was the outcome of a major the possible impacts of land management review which included the largest ever programme of practices. It also offers grant to help manage research on access in Scotland and a consultation paper the impacts of recreation in the wider which attracted some 500 responses. The conclusion of countryside and to help farmers and others the review was that urgent improvements to access better to provide for wildlife on their land and were required. Much good work has been done by to enhance landscapes. local authorities and other public bodies, by private owners of land and by the voluntary sector, but a new effort is required to bring our arrangements for access into line with today's social needs and also to create opportunities for informal recreation in the countryside which stand comparison with those elsewhere in the UK and Europe.

19 One of the key recommendations of the access report was that work should be undertaken to improve local access close to centres of population. With this in mind SNH is launching a major new initiative called 'Paths for All'. The vision is to provide many communities throughout Scotland with a network of local paths within the next decade. In some areas of Scotland there is a serious shortage of well-mapped and signposted paths and tracks which walkers, cyclists and horse riders can use with confidence. Improving local access will require the involvement of a wide range of partners including local authorities, local enterprise companies, community groups and individuals owning or managing land. A bid for funding from the Millennium Commission was prepared to enable Paths for All to create 200 path networks by 2005.

Access A major step forward in resolving conflict on access How best to facilitate the enjoyment of the countryside was taken by SNH in May 1994 through the formation in an environmentally sensitive and responsible way of a national Access Forum comprising a selection of was the subject of a major policy and action the main organisations involved in promoting or programme. In October 1994, SNH launched its providing for open-air recreation in the Scottish programme on access to the countryside for open-air countryside. The Forum was set up to enable these recreation. Enjoying the Outdoors: A Programme for organisations to work together on a voluntary basis to Soils improve their understanding of access issues from various standpoints and to provide a mechanism for In August 1994 the theme for SNH's third annual resolving problems. Presently it is chaired by SNH conference was Soils, Sustainability and the Natural Chairman Magnus Magnusson. The Forum began by Heritage. Soils form an integral part of Scotland's debating access issues on open hill land including the natural heritage - they provide the nutrients and challenges of access during the stalking season, and is support upon which all plants depend, whether they are seeking to develop a National Concordat for responsible trees, flowers, heather or crops. Held in Ayr, the recreation in the countryside for user and provider alike conference provided a forum for raising awareness of For access to the open hill the Forum included soil-related issues which has subsequently been representatives from the Scottish Landowners' continued through an informal group of key partner Federation, the National Farmers' Union of Scotland, the bodies. The proceedings of the conference will be Association of Deer Management Groups, the Scottish published during 1995 by HMSO. SNH also led the Sports Association, the Scottish Countryside Activities inter-agency evidence for the Royal Commission on Council, the Mountaineering Council for Scotland the Environmental Pollution's Study on Soils. Ramblers' Association (Scotland), the Convention of Agriculture Scottish Local Authorities, the Scottish Sports Council and Scottish Natural Heritage. Later it plans to address We provided grant-in-aid of up to half of the costs of the water recreation and recreation on farmland close to Farming and Wildlife Advisory Group (FWAG) in support towns and cities, when the membership will change to of its role to encourage farmers to improve the natural reflect these issues. heritage of their land. Also assisted by the Scottish Agricultural College, FWAG operates through a network 20 Deer Management of local advisers and a new development officer, who SNH's report on Red Deer and the Natural Heritage was are well placed to offer advice on a range of natural launched at our Battleby Centre in June 1994 by Sir heritage issues specifically tailored to the needs of Hector Monro MP, Minister for Agriculture and the individual farms, such as the management of hedges Environment at The Scottish Office. In this paper, SNH and field margins to diversify habitats. sets out its policies and proposed actions to encourage the improved management of the natural heritage in We have special grant schemes which assist in the deer range in the important woodland moorland developing the management of the natural heritage for and upland habitats which in parts are degraded due to whole farms or estates. Pilot projects have been overgrazing. running successfully in Orkney and Moray, with 17 farm conservation plans drawn up over the past year. SNH bases its policy and practices on three guiding principles: first, red deer are an integral part of the The Farm and Croft Demonstration Project in the north environment, although increasing numbers have west now involves four projects in Skye; south east provoked concern due to the damage they can do to the Sutherland, north west Sutherland and Easter Ross, natural heritage; second, we view the red deer range as embracing a range of agricultural practices and farm a resource requiring sustainable management; and and croft sizes. third, our overall objective is to see an improved countryside with enhanced biodiversity and We also continued work on theTIBRE (Targeted Inputs productivity of the natural heritage within the deer for a Better Rural Environment) programme which is range. SNH recognises that Deer Management Groups investigating how new technology and products can are the key to implementing this integrated make intensive farming more environmentally friendly management for individual estates and is working while retaining present levels of profitability. A closely with them and with the Red Deer Commission. substantial amount of research was carried out to Dougie Barnett

The Rt Hon Ian Lang MP with SNH chairman, Magnus Magnusson, at the Highland Show. identify new products and technology amenable to such as good landscape design, recreation provision such an approach in arable farming. We are carrying and timber production. out extensive consultations with farmers, particularly through a well-attended workshop with large-scale We supported a project using international funding - 21 arable farmers, farming organisations, agricultural the Caledonian Partnership LIFE 94 Project which has research interests and the agro-chemical industry. secured around £750,000 for an assessment of the Considerable interest has been aroused by the project. condition and possible restoration of woodlands which can be classified as Caledonian Pine Forest. The SNH theme at the 1994 Royal Highland Show was sustainable farming. This featured theTIBRE project as Development work was carried out by a consortium of an example of environmentally sensitive large-scale partners, including SNH, into the preparation of a farming and SNH's Dromore farm at Cairnsmore of Fleet 'Millennium Forest' bid for Millennium Commission NNR in Galloway, which demonstrates similar funds to regenerate extensive areas of native principles on a sheep farm including best practice for woodlands in Scotland, including the Caledonian muirburn. Forest, and to encourage appropriate uses of its products. Woodland Enhancement

Together with the Forestry Authority and the Royal With a number of partners, led by the Tayside Native Society for the Protection of Birds, SNH organised the Woodland Initiative, we contributed to the production 'Our Pinewood Heritage Conference' which was held at of a native woodland video to explain the importance of Culloden Academy in October 1994 to bring together these woodlands and what can be achieved by effective the latest thinking on pinewood conservation and management; this advice will assist owners and management. As part of our work towards enhancing managers of woodlands in Scotland. Scotland's natural heritage we have completed preliminary studies towards developing a forest habitat An innovative new woodland project on the outskirts of network to enhance the biodiversity of Scotland's Glasgow was launched in June 1994. The East Kilbride woodland resource and bring together other benefits Woodland Regeneration Programme is supported by a partnership including SNH, East Kilbride Development Freshwater Use Corporation, Lanarkshire Development Agency, East Kilbride District Council, the Forestry Authority and For freshwater conservation we initiated the Loch Strathclyde Regional Council. The scheme involves a Leven Catchment Management Project, a joint venture two-year programme of restructuring the local with Forth River Purification Board, Perth and Kinross woodlands, including thinning, felling and re-planting District Council and the Scottish Agricultural College. with native species which will increase their diversity The aim of the project is to develop an integrated for both wildlife and people. Safe and easy access to the approach to management of the Loch Leven catchment woodlands is also a priority. area including land use, conservation and planning issues.

In Argyll and Bute SNH has, with others, established a The Natural Heritage in and around forum for the promotion of sustainable native woodland Settlements management. The project, called 'Argyll Broadleaves', was launched in November 1994 and brings together SNH continued its commitment to the network of many people from different areas with a common Countryside Around Towns (CAT) projects by providing interest in managing the rich woodland heritage of funding of £1,406,527 for 13 projects, including £902,148 Argyll. As a contributing partner, SNH commissioned a for Central Scotland Countryside Trust, channelled report, due to be published in 1995/96, which will assist through SNH from The Scottish Office. forum members in targeting management resources to

the best effect. In order to consolidate and raise the profile of the CAT network SNH, in partnership with Scottish Enterprise At a local level we made inputs into indicative forest National and UK 2000 Scotland, appointed a CAT 22 strategies, local Forest Enterprise environmental panels, Network Officer for an initial two-year period. forest design plans, community woodlands and woodland grant schemes, all of which include We continued to support the work of the Edinburgh community involvement. Greenbelt Trust, including grant aid for both core staffing and for projects. The projects included continuing the development of'Gateway' strategies

Glyn Satterley

SNH is committed to the Countryside Around Towns project. Pathway at Drumchapel. which aim to protect and enhance the natural heritage In rural areas we undertook a number of initiatives in along the mam transport routes in the Greenbelt. The partnership with other bodies through liaison with access-related work to complete the restoration of the members of the Rural Focus Group. One of these Glenesk viaduct which will eventually link into a major initiatives is the FAPIRA (Forests and People in Rural Midlothian walking 'city circular' was of particular note, Areas) Group which is an informal partnership between as was the significant restoration work on the Bilston the Forestry Authority, The Scottish Office Environment Bum bridge which will help to alleviate the severe Department, Rural Forum, WWF Scotland, Highlands & erosion by horse-riding in this SSSI. Other projects Islands Enterprise and SNH; it aims to promote the role include: the community-based Burdiehouse walk; the forestry can play in rural development. We also planning of Craigmillar Castle Country Park; and a contributed, in partnership with other key strategic look at Historic Gardens and Designed organisations, to research undertaken within Rural Landscapes in the greenbelt area. Forum.

Levering Partnership Funding The appointment of a Community Involvement Officer by SNH and Lothian Regional Council will enable us to We have had an increasing involvement with the EC strengthen links with communities in the greenbelt and Structural Funds. Most of Scotland is eligible under one the local authority Community Education Officers. of the schemes in operation (Objectives 1, 2 or 5b). SNH staff served on the appropriate committees and Meanwhile, in the west, to tackle the problems of the provided advice on environmental considerations at all 425 square miles of the Strathclycle Greenbelt, stages of the process, from the formulation of ideas and Strathclyde Regional Council, Scottish Natural Heritage development of main programmes through to the 23 and Scottish Enterprise National continued as members assessment of individual projects. In addition, we were of the Strathclyde Greenbelt company, which is a involved in a range of bids for Structural Funds in registered charity, and the Strathclyde Greenbelt partnership with other bodies. We are in the lead for Company (operations) Ltd. four of those approved bids, and are contributing to nine others.

SNH contributed to work by other bodies on a variety of subjects. These included the Aberdeen Fringe North West Region, along with North East and South Management Project, the establishment of an West, has taken the lead in contributing the natural environmental forum to oversee the Aberdeen nature heritage perspective to the EC Objective 1 planning conservation strategy, and advice on access and process. SNH aims to reduce any adverse landscape matters to the Aviemore Partnership which is environmental impacts of proposed projects and to working to improve the attractiveness of this important optimise environmentally appropriate development tourist destination. We also contributed advice to local opportunities. SNH has also bid for funding to support community-based steering groups with a role in several substantial land management and managing community woodlands at Dunnotter and demonstration projects. Under the EC LIFE Scolty near Aberdeen and the Craigendarroch SSSI and Programme, in conjunction with the Royal Society for other woodlands near Banchory in Deeside. the Protection of Birds, a proposal for a raised peatland management and interpretation project in Caithness

SNH, as one of the earliest members of the Scottish Golf and Sutherland, on a large scale, was initiated. Course Wildlife Group , started to take forward many of the recommendations from the European Golf Association Ecology Unit strategy, published early in 1995, to demonstrate how golf, wildlife and scenery can be integrated. PROTECTING MARINE AND COASTAL AREAS

Under this programme area, SNH advises the marine and coastal environment and further activity is Crown Estate, local authorities, the Marine planned for 1995. Pollution Control Unit and Government. In addition we have initiated a number of projects Over the year we responded to a number of to secure consensus on the best approach to consultations including those on shipping, fisheries managing the natural heritage interest of key and protective measures. We welcomed the report of areas. Lord Donaldson's inquiry into the prevention of pollution from merchant shipping and welcomed some of the important recommendations. We were disappointed that it did not support more stringent measures, particularly in relation to the routeing of ships, the use of radar for ship surveillance and the identification of areas which would seem appropriate for the passage of hazardous cargoes.

An application was made to The Scottish Office for a 24 Nature Conservation Order to protect cockle beds in the Loch Fleet and Dornoch Firth SSSIs from excessive damage caused by mechanical cockle harvesting. Other sites around the north and west In June 1994 the Ecological Steering Group on the Oil coasts are increasingly coming under similar SpiU in Shetland (ESGOSS) published its report. SNH pressures. was represented on the Group by our Chief Scientific Adviser, Professor Michael B Usher, and we welcomed We were pleased that new regulations on cockle the comprehensive way in which the environmental fishing were introduced by The Scottish Office which issues raised by the MV Braer incident had been will enable the cockling industry on the Solway to be addressed. Although the apparently minimal overall developed on a sustainable footing alongside impact on the environment was both remarkable and conservation of the natural heritage. welcome, there is no room for complacency and SNH welcomed the report's call for comprehensive oil spill A final report of the Loch Sween project was contingency plans covering the whole coastline of produced which indicated the extent of public Britain. understanding of the need to conserve the marine interest in Loch Sween. An internal review of SNH's role in the marine and coastal environment was completed in September In the South East Region we made good progress in 1994. We identified the full range of issues facing the our discussions with the Scottish Wildlife Trust on a marine and coastal environment and made partnership project to complete the Montrose Basin recommendations for the development of SNH's Visitor Centre, which is scheduled to be opened in involvement in this area. Our work reflected the June 1995. We also continued our involvement with complexity and diversity of issues facing SNH in the the Tay Estuary Liaison Group, the Tay Coast David Ainsley

Habitat scanning at St Abbs.

Protection Group, and East Scotland Marine Safety statutory, industrial, voluntary and community Committee. representatives to enable the various interests in the firths to discuss and co-ordinate their activities and The Seasearch project, which is co-ordinated by the pursue a more integrated approach to their 25 Marine Conservation Society, aims to promote the management. description and cataloguing of marine habitats around the coast of the UK with the help of amateur divers The Solway Firth Partnership, initiated jointly by SNH and diving clubs. A key element of the project was and English Nature, was formally launched by SNH the Seasearch handbook, produced by SNH in early Chairman Magnus Magnusson in May 1994. Being a 1995, which explains to divers what to look for and cross-border initiative, it brought together the 20 key includes standard dive recording forms to collate the interest groups from both sides of the Firth. A series information. of seminars allowed the Partnership to be widened and established local participation in the process at Detailed marine inshore habitat scanning was an early stage. Ten Topic Groups have been undertaken on the St Abbs-Eyemouth Voluntary established to carry out the task of summarising all Marine Reserve as an essential precursor for a more the available information on resource use in the Firth structured Management Plan for this nationally into a single publication. The resulting Solway Firth important marine area. Review will provide the springboard for identifying and addressing the issues during the next phase of Focus on Firths the Partnership's work. The Partnership was well

To stimulate greater awareness of the ecological promoted through its newsletter Tidelines which is importance, scenic quality and recreational value of published three times a year, two leaflets, and a Scotland's firths and to promote integrated touring exhibition. management strategies by partner organisations, SNH launched 'Focus on Firths' in April 1994 accompanied In the Moray Firth we worked with the Cromarty Firth by the publication of a promotional leaflet. Each of Liaison Group to produce a survey report which will the Solway, Forth and Moray Firths now has its own form the basis of a management strategy. To forum made up of representatives from appropriate integrate economic and environmental objectives for this firth, we have also liaised with Highland Regional established early in 1995, covering coastal and marine Council to agree a way forward and are preparing a pollution, coastal defence, tourism and recreation, proposal document. We also worked with the Scottish nature conservation, built and archaeological heritage, Wildlife Trust to organise a second 'Future Firth' and landscape and amenity. We produced three conference and organised a workshop for the local issues of the Forth Estuary Forum newsletter and an community and our partners. Following the associated leaflet and display. We also created a Firth successful Dolphin Awareness Initiative launched in of Forth directory which brings together information 1993/94, a scheme was developed in partnership with on all the relevant local interests. the Scottish Wildlife Trust, with LIFE funding, to encourage dolphin-watching boat operations in the In the north west the Minch Project, in association Moray Firth which respect the needs of bottlenose with the Western Isles Islands Council and Highland dolphins. Our research work has included landscape Regional Council, developed demonstrations, survey assessment, monitoring the disturbance caused to and research to form the basis for partnership projects waterfowl by recreation activities and an assessment on the sustainable use of the natural heritage in the of the geomorphological sensitivities of the area. Minch.

The Forth Estuary Forum was developed and we have In the Clyde Estuary, Strathclyde Regional Council a strong commitment from a wide range of partners, has launched a Clyde Forum. As in the Solway we are some of whom have also contributed resources to the represented on a number of Topic Groups which will project. The issues affecting the Firth of Forth are enable the issues and any potential conflicts in the being analysed through a series of six Topic Groups management of the estuary to be highlighted. 26

FIND OUT ABOUT THE MORAY FIRTH

WILDLIFE DISCOVERY

Moray Firth educational poster WORKING WITH Local Authorities

SNH advises local authorities within included the Angus Glens, the Loch Leven Basin, the development plans in relation to the natural Sidlaws and some major transport routes. heritage and on casework under the Town and Country Planning Acts. We also assist local In the south west we supported and advised local authorities to deliver national services for councils over three potential LNRs which are at countryside recreation such as long distance varying stages in the designation process. Similarly, routes, Country and Regional Parks and their in the north east, we supported and advised local ranger services. councils over the establishment of five new LNRs. One was designated at Scotstown Moor near Aberdeen and four others were progressed, two of which are expected to be designated in summer 1995.

In the north west we are working on the development of the potential Beauly Firth LNR with Inverness and Ross & Cromarty District Councils. With Ross & Cromarty District Council we supported the 27 innovative post of Community Archaeologist and continued our support for the Ecologist/Conservation Officer post.

Regional staff have been involved in providing local authorities with advice on their Structure and Local Plans on a range of policy issues such as the During the year SNH, working in partnership with implications for the natural heritage of their local authorities, provided around £3 million to approaches to transport, planning and road design. support facilitating and managing countryside recreation in Regional and Country Parks, Countryside Over the year our staff dealt with more than 1,000 Around Towns projects and Long Distance Routes. consultations from planning authorities on proposals for planning consent for development under the Town Partnership Working and Country Planning (Scotland) Act. This work In the south east we worked closely with Tayside draws particularly heavily on our Regional staff, but as Regional Council and Perthshire and Angus FWAGs to a result we secured changes, readily agreed by launch the Tayside Tree Planting and Conservation developer and planning authority alike, to improve the Scheme. The grant scheme, administered by the natural heritage. Council, supports small-scale projects such as access Footpath Development provision and the creation and restoration of wildflower meadows, hedgerows and wetlands, as In the light of local government reform we began to well as amenity tree planting. Areas targeted for grant develop a new series of rights of way maps. By the from the Regional Council in support of SNH grant-aid end of the year we had completed maps for eight local authority districts. This is a partnership project with the Scottish Rights of Way Society to provide an up- footpath network around Huntly in conjunction with to-date catalogue of all existing public rights of way Huntly Limited and helped to develop footpaths at held by local authorities in Scotland. The resulting Newtonmore and Nethybridge in Strathspey. In database will be used by the Society, local authorities partnership with Grampian Regional Council, Gordon and SNH in their work. It will provide, for the first District Council, the Buchan Countryside Group and time, a national overview of the extent and status of the Scottish Sports Council, SNH contributed towards rights of way which will feed into the 'Paths for All' the completion of a section of the Formartine and project. Buchan Way which follows the old railway line from Aberdeen to Peterhead, providing a route for walkers,

At the local level, our Regions have continued to cyclists and horse riders. contribute to the development of footpaths and rights of way projects within their areas. A further section of In the Borders we have been working on an the Airdrie to Bathgate Railway Path was completed, innovative walking strategy with Scottish Borders forming yet another link in the chain of paths linking Tourist Board, Scottish Borders Enterprise and the west and east coasts. Work also progressed on Borders Regional Council. The appointment of a the Clyde Walkway in Lanarkshire and trails within Walking Strategy Officer in July 1994 has enabled Glasgow city parks, such as the Linn Park 'Walkabout- rapid progress to be made with the production of a-bit' trail. accommodation lists and walking leaflets as well as 15 articles in major outdoor magazines or

We also instigated a large number of footpath supplements for national papers and attendance at management projects, including establishing the Skye walking exhibitions in Holland and France. 28 & Lochalsh and the Ross & Cromarty Footpath Trusts Long Distance Route Development which are developing upland footpath repair projects in their respective areas. Substantial assistance was Following on from the Access Review we undertook a also given for mountain footpath repair work within re-assessment of the role of Long Distance Routes the Deeside and Lochnagar, and Cairngorms, National within the range of access opportunities available in Scenic Areas. We also assisted with the creation of a Scotland, and of SNH's role in supporting such routes.

Lome Gill

West Highland Way path manager with walkers. A policy consultation document was circulated to appraisal of its economic impact on local businesses interested agencies for comment in October 1994 and which was assessed at £3.5 million per annum. we shall shortly be making a statement following the responses received. In the north east a review of the Speyside Way Long Distance Route was completed and we made In the north west we carried out a public consultation substantial progress in discussing with the exercise on the proposal to develop a long distance landowners and managers involved our proposals to walk between Fort William and Inverness through the extend the route southwards towards Aviemore and Great Glen. The consultation document for the Great the Glenmore basin. Glen Way was issued in December 1994 and the responses to date have been broadly favourable over Ten years of walking on the Southern Upland Way most of the route. were celebrated in April with a series of events in Wigtownshire to mark the anniversary. Since its In June 1994 a Path Manager was appointed to opening in 1984 the Way has undergone continual oversee the management of the southern section of development and improvement and we are now in the the West Highland Way. This is the first such post in final stages of the work. On the anniversary, Dumfries Scotland. By the end of the year the value of the post and Galloway Regional Council were hosts to around had been demonstrated by the range of improvement 30 guests who toured three much-needed new work undertaken, with grant support both from facilities opened officially as part of the ourselves and from Dumbartonshire Enterprise. We commemorations - an information display at New are also working with HMSO on the production of a Luce, an overnight shelter at Laggangarn and a 29 new official guide to the West Highland Way. SNH's footbridge over the railway line at Low Airyolland. share of the royalties will be directed into the Each of these was the result of a partnership venture maintenance of the Way itself. Also during 1994 we in design and construction with substantial funding commissioned a user survey of the route, including an provided by SNH.

Lome Gill

West Highland Way survey. Supporting Ranger Services

Scotland's rangers play an important role in communicating with people, visitor management and helping to conserve the natural heritage through resource management. SNH supports the service by providing ranger training and grant aid to local authorities and private landowners to fund the appointment of permanent and seasonal rangers. SNH currently supports some 86 ranger services at a cost of just over £2 million, employing 196 full-time rangers and providing employment for a further 3,143 seasonal weeks.

Over the past year SNH provided more than 750 ranger training days and produced a revised induction pack for rangers. In addition, two policy and practice units were piloted and delivered a further 200 days training.

A review of ranger services commenced during 1994/ 95 and this will continue over the coming year, taking 30 into account the changing structure of Scottish local government. SUPPORTING THE CentralScotlan dWoodland s Initiative *lj

SNH is an important partner in this initiative, Through SNH's grants budget we contributed particularly in delivering the Secretary of financially to many individual projects such as tree State's ring-fenced funding. planting, footpath construction and community-led habitat management. The dedicated ring-fenced funds were passed over to Central Scotland Countryside Trust in response to completion of agreed programmes of work. For example, we assisted the Central Scotland Countryside Trust with land acquisition for the Initiative, including the purchase of Longriggend Farm.

SNH was also one of the key partners in the preparation of a strategy for the Central Scotland Forest. SNH staff and Board members participated in the strategy working group in addition to attending a variety of workshops which examined issues such as 31 In central Scotland we continue to support the Central planning, nature conservation, recreation and Scotland Woodlands Initiative to fulfil its aim to community involvement relevant to development of increase the number of multi-purpose forests and the strategy and the forest. The strategy is critical to woodlands on degraded land across the central belt the future planning and delivery of the forest, and its and increase the economic opportunities in the area preparation, led by the Central Scotland Countryside as a result. Trust, was a significant step in developing more tightly-focused targets to achieve the stated aim.

Tree planting by the M80 motorway. We have begun, in conjunction with the Central Scotland Countryside Trust and The Scottish Office, a process to streamline the procedures for delivery of ring-fenced grant for the initiative - a contribution of more than £850,000. The roles and responsibilities of these key contributors to the initiative are expected to be closely defined with the aim of avoiding duplication of effort and ensuring that resources are directed to agreed priorities.

SNH recognises that achieving the aim of the Central Scotland Forest is a challenging and complex task. We shall continue to support it and the Central Scotland Countryside Trust and other partners in taking forward the priorities identified in the strategy.

32 DELIVERING Special Nature Conservation Functions

SNH delivers its 'special functions' for nature Directive - in north-west Scotland, the Outer conservation at the GB/UK and international Hebrides, Orkney and eastern Scotland. In addition, levels through the Joint Nature Conservation marine surveys were undertaken around the Committee. Ardnamurchan Peninsula.

During the year JNCC, in collaboration with the Department of the Environment, The Scottish Office and the European Commission, also organised a workshop in Edinburgh for the States of the Atlantic Biogeographic Region. The UK falls entirely within this region and under the Habitats Directive member states are required to select SACs which are of significance within their own relevant biogeographic region. The meeting allowed attending states to compare and develop common approaches to site selection. 33 SNH's special nature conservation responsibilities for GB-wide and international matters are delivered Other inter-agency work co-ordinated by JNCC has through the Joint Nature Conservation Committee involved continuing advice to Government arising (JNCC), which is funded by the three country from the Convention on International Trade in agencies: the Countryside Council for Wales, English Endangered Species (CITES), preparatory work for the Nature and Scottish Natural Heritage. The SNH next meetings of the Bonn, Bern and Ramsar contribution in 1994/95 amounted to £1.5 million. conventions, and laying the technical foundations for the development of a joint nature conservation Over the year we jointly co-ordinated the compilation database, maintaining common standards and of the UK list of possible Special Areas of Conservation improving the exchange of information in areas of under the Habitats Directive which was to be common interest. submitted to the Government prior to the Government's list being issued as a public This year saw the foundation of the first lead co- consultation document. Through the JNCC we also ordination network. The network - for freshwater continued to co-ordinate the programme of nature conservation issues - is led by SNH which also designations of Special Protection Areas and Ramsar provides administrative support. SNH staff together sites undertaken by the three country agencies. with a network or inter-agency staff deliver the work. We began work on the development of a similar The Marine Nature Conservation Review team of arrangement for upland and peatland issues. JNCC continued to survey our coasts targeting, as a priority, the development of a list of potential Special Areas of Conservation under the Habitats Directive. During the year the team undertook surveys of saline lagoons - a priority habitat under the Habitats ADVISING ON NATURAL HERITAGE POLICY DEVELOPMENT

SNH advises Government and other public Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA). During the bodies on the policies and practices for and year we advised The Scottish Office on several affecting the natural heritage. This role is both aspects of SEPA's founding legislation to try to ensure reactive and proactive and involves, for that it paid adequate regard to natural heritage and example, commenting on National Planning informal recreation interests and established the basis Policy Guidelines, liaising with tourism and for a constructive and effective working relationship energy interests and collaborating with other between the two organisations. public bodies.

Local authorities also have an important influence over the future pattern of development, particularly through their planning powers. They can also, through their wide range of functions, be very effective promoters of the natural heritage and of the public's enjoyment and understanding of it. With the prospect of a new system of local government from April 1996, SNH gave priority to preparing guidance 34 for the new authorities. We worked with the Convention for Scottish Local Authorities (COSLA) on developing guidance for SNH staff on working with the new unitary authorities. We began production of a leaflet for new local councillors explaining what SNH

Most of the activities which help to shape the natural does and how we work with local authorities; this will heritage do not have environmental goals as their be available in the early summer of 1995. The aim primary objectives. They are guided, and in some was two-fold: to secure the future of the many cases regulated, by policies and agencies whose main existing collaborative ventures between SNH and concerns are social and economic. If the natural local government, such as Regional Parks, ranger heritage is to be effectively conserved and enhanced, services and Countryside Around Town projects, and it is vital that environmental goals are incorporated to lay the foundation for a growing involvement by into and accorded adequate weight in these policies. local authorities in caring for the natural heritage and providing for its enjoyment and understanding. Areas

Achieving this is the object of SNH's work in this targeted for encouraging enhanced activity included area. It is grounded in our statutory responsibilities the establishment of local nature reserves and the and the framework for it is provided by the development and management of local footpath Government's UK Sustainable Development Strategy, networks - thus contributing to the objectives laid amplified by our own publication Sustainable down in the UK Biodiversity Action Plan and arising Development and the Natural Heritage. from our own policy statement Enjoying the Outdoors.

In years to come one of the key bodies which will We also co-sponsored, with The Scottish Office, a influence the way in which economic activities project designed to explore ways in which local impact upon the natural heritage will be the Scottish authorities could incorporate natural heritage factors fully into their planning work. This project, entitled SNH also continued to work with the development National Heritage Resource Assessment for agencies to investigate the practical meaning of Development Plans, should help them to improve the sustainable development. The most ambitious such 35 representation of natural heritage values in project was the Area Sustainability Study of Ettrick development plans and thus to frame effective and Lauderdale, undertaken in partnership with policies for protecting and promoting them. Pilot Scottish Enterprise National, Borders Regional exercises were mounted, in collaboration with the Council, Scottish Borders Enterprise, Ettrick and relevant planning authorities, in two districts - Argyll Lauderdale District Council and Rural Forum. This and Bute, and West Lothian - and a manual will be pioneering venture examined the application of published in autumn 1995. sustainable development principles at a district level. It illustrated the complexities and difficulties which Tourism is one of Scotland's largest industries and a can be encountered, and the need to bring technical major source of employment in rural areas. It is also experts and local people together. The study report heavily dependent for its success on the perceived was published at the end of 1994 and followed up quality of the natural heritage. To ensure that its with conference in the Borders in March. This has future development is sensitive to natural heritage resulted in the establishment of the Borders Forum on interests, and that suitable opportunities for Sustainable Development. environmentally-based tourism are seized, SNH continued its active involvement in the Tourism and SNH also made presentations and offered advice to the Environment Initiative, led by the Scottish Tourist the Secretary of State's Advisory Group on Sustainable Board. It helped, along with STB and the Development. These covered both the principles of development agencies, to fund a development officer sustainable development and their application in the post, charged with ensuring that the messages from field of transport in specifically Scottish the Task Force were disseminated throughout the circumstances. It also made a submission to the industry and fully reflected in the many individual House of Lords Select Committee on Sustainable tourism management projects now under way. Development. The year saw close collaboration with the Roads ultimate arbiter, to decide where the balance of the Directorate of The Scottish Office Industry public interest lies. Department on a number of initiatives designed to build natural heritage considerations more firmly into This was the approach that SNH adopted at the the future development and management of inquiry into the proposed barytes mine at Duntanlich Scotland's road network. These included the Fitting in the Loch Tummel National Scenic Area in 1993. We Roads Initiative and the Rural Road Hierarchy. We were delighted that the Secretary of State's decision were impressed by the Directorate's determination to to refuse planning permission upheld our view that move beyond traditional approaches where the proposed development was incompatible with the environmental objectives are mainly concerned with qualities which had led to the area's designation as an mitigation measures. NSA.

SNH's efforts to influence the policy context within In 1994/95 we likewise objected to the proposed which economic activities are pursued was superquarry at Lingerabay in Harris, which also lies complemented by the large volume of advice we within an NSA. The lengthy public inquiry helped to provided on the implications for the natural heritage focus attention on a range of important natural and countryside recreation of individual proposals for heritage issues, of relevance well beyond the specific development and land use change. In working to site at issue, and in particular on the need for, impacts encourage environmentally sensitive approaches to of and possible locations for large coastal quarries in development, we advised both planning authorities Scotland. We believe that the outcome will be an and a wide range of other bodies, including the important test of the policy framework for minerals 36 Forestry Commission, the Crown Estate, the River extraction laid down in the UK Sustainable Purification Boards, The Scottish Office Agriculture Development Strategy. and Fisheries Department, HM Industrial Pollution Inspectorate and the electricity utilities. Our aim is to Similarly, in Ayrshire, SNH gave evidence on our ensure that natural heritage considerations are taken opposition to a proposal by Scottish Power to route a into account from the outset and that, wherever 275 kilovolt electricity line, connecting Scotland and possible, change proceeds in a manner which Northern Ireland, over the Ayrshire uplands. The area successfully reconciles economic, social and concerned is designated by Strathclyde Regional environmental objectives. Council as a Regional Scenic Area and the scheme was also opposed by the Regional and District In the vast majority of cases, this approach is Councils and a variety of local groups. successful and the development goes ahead in a form which is acceptable in natural heritage terms. Occasionally, however, SNH views a particular proposal as so damaging to the interests for which it has a statutory responsibility that it feels obliged to oppose it outright. This applies particularly when a development scheme would in our view conflict with Government or other public policies specifically intended to protect and enhance the natural heritage. In these cases SNH sees its proper role as being to represent the natural heritage interest as cogently as possible to enable the Secretary of State, as the INCREASING Efficiency, Effectiveness and Economy

SNH is committed to being efficient, effective In late 1994 we agreed with The Scottish Office the and economical in the use of its resources to terms of reference for the conduct of an Interim Review deliver its various tasks and responsibilities. into the efficiency of SNH, which is scheduled for completion in the summer of 1995. The remit for the review included such areas as the corporate and operational planning system, decision-making mechanisms and administrative procedures for a range of functions throughout SNH especially grants, personnel, finance and management agreements. Other areas to be looked at include the arrangements for developing our research programme and the linkages between SNH and The Scottish Office.

Market Testing

SNH identified three areas for inclusion in its programme of activities to be market-tested namely: 37 cleaning services at Battleby; cartographic services for SNH; and estate management services for SNH.

Initial Business Reviews were conducted in respect of cleaning and cartographic services. In the case of the cleaning service, the prospect emerged of realising efficiency gains outwith the market-testing process. It was decided not to pursue the market-test of that service but to examine how to achieve the efficiency

We set up a series of management strategy workshops gains identified while continuing to deliver the cleaning which involved all of SNH's middle managers. These service in-house. workshops encouraged managers to influence the issues which affect the operation of SNH. As a result, For cartographic services the finding was to 12 strategies and programmes have been identified six discontinue the market-test and to focus instead on of which have been given initial priority. Small teams of maximising the potential gains and benefits from the staff will take forward each of these programmes, which recent investment made in digital mapping activities. will be fed into our planning process. The opportunity will be taken to contract out elements of the service where cost-effective.

During the year we prepared a suite of corporate-level performance indicators and shall continue to refine this Work on estate management services was subsumed in work during 1995. We also developed guidance and the Interim Review of SNH. training on our procurement strategy and procedures. Richard Allen

Staff training.

Communications and Information Systems Human Resource Management

The development and installation of our IT computer Our staff continue to be our greatest resource and we are

network continued during the year, with completion planned committed to the development of their skills and expertise. 38 for the first quarter of 1995/96. The network will improve our To this end we produced a Training Strategy based on the

internal communications and greatly benefit efficient needs identified during annual staff appraisals. This

working; the advantages are already apparent to staff using resulted in more than 3829 in-house training days on a

the network. range of topics covering budgetary management, appraisal techniques and natural heritage awareness. A major

A strategy is being developed for a Geographic Information training programme for all staff in the new Information

System (GIS) which is crucial to much of our monitoring and Systems was begun for completion in 1996.

case work. SNH hopes to start implementing this in 1995/96.

We began work on a Staff Development Strategy to

In the course of the year SNH engaged management capitalise on the commitment, professional expertise and

consultants to assist in the conduct of an internal potential offered by our staff and to ensure that they are able

communications study. This included seeking views from all to develop their capabilities. We also introduced an

staff by a questionnaire on a range of issues related to improved appraisal system of staff performance and

communications practices. An action programme of development needs.

measures to improve communications was drawn up. This Health and Safety will be taken forward by the team charged with progressing

internal collaboration aspects of SNH's Management We monitored new legislation with Health and Safety

Strategy. implications and issued staff with appropriate guidance. We

also used risk assessment techniques as the basis for the Financial Management development of a programme of additional training for

During the year we started to develop and implement an relevant staff, particularly those who work in a potentially

integrated computerised finance system for use in all parts of hazardous environment.

the organisation. In addition, SNH's Annual Accounts have

been expanded to provide fuller information on resource use. Office Management Natural Standards We continued to improve our infrastructure of offices to 'Natural Standards' is SNH's response to the Government's meet the developing operational needs of the organisation Citizen's Charter. In our charter we promise to deliver good as well as health and safety standards. Several quality services and to foster customer care in everything improvements in accommodation took place in 1994/95 we do, including towards the natural heritage itself. with the relocation of the Dumfries & Galloway Area Office from Dalbeattie to Dumfries and the co-location of the Mid One of our commitments under Natural Standards is to & South Strathclyde Office, previously in Balloch, with the monitor how quickly we respond to enquiries. Most of the Southwest Regional HQ at Clydebank, thus achieving enquiries fall into seven broad categories: information and significant efficiency gains. In addition the Lothian Area advice; publications; grants; management agreements; Office was moved from Riccarton to Dalkeith and work consultations; licences; and permits. Each category has its continues to improve working conditions in Bonnington own standards on when a response should be received and Bond and Hope Terrace. these are set out in our Natural Standards leaflet which is available free of charge from any of our offices. Work was taken forward during the year on the formulation of an Office Accommodation Strategy for SNH as a whole. In the year since Natural Standards was launched we have Specialist advice was taken to ensure that we learn from recorded all contacts we have received and used these to contemporary ideas and practice in accommodation produce the table below to show to what extent we met our planning. standards. Greening the workplace Natural Standards 1994/95 39 We are committed to developing and implementing Percentage of occasions when standards were met 4 5 environmental management systems in order to 'green' our 1 2 3 Total Occasions office practices and procedures. With the aid of consultants, actionable Interims/ contact kept contacts issue Follow up informed of a study was undertaken in early 1995 to compare good recorded publications replies progress practice in other organisations throughout the public and Information & Advice 26,964 97% 96% private sectors with current best practice in a sample of our Publications 3,315 88% 95% 100% offices. The study identified a number of issues which Grants 901 98% 89% 91% require to be addressed if an effective greening strategy is Management to be pursued by SNH: these included energy use, agreements 30 100% 100% 100% 91% purchasing, property, transport and recycling and, for each, Consultations 2,515 99% 85% 149 95% 100% a set of detailed initiatives was proposed. Licences Permits 268 100% 100% 98% Notes Work is now in hand to implement the principal A. Column 1 shows the category to which the figures relate. recommendations of the study. This will involve the B. Column 2 shows the total number of contacts which were received across the organization during 1994/95. establishment of an Environmental Management Unit, the C. Columns 3,4 and 5 show the percentage of occasions when a contact was dealt with within standards. The percentages cover every directorate within appointment of a 'Greening' Officer, the publication of an SNH. The period is from March 1994 to March 1995. D. A percentage less than 100 means that a number of responses were sent out Environmental Policy Statement, and the development and outwith the standards. It does not mean that no response was sent. E. Two boxes have been blanked out. This is because the standards relating to implementation of action plans for each of the key issues to these 2 categories refer only to interim replies and follow up responses. F. For publications, the standards state that free publications should be be tackled, including the establishment of performance dispatched within 5 days. If a publication is not immediately available, an interim response must be issued within 5 days. The third box for publications, targets. The level of awareness and commitment among therefore, covers free publications dispatched and interims sent within staff will also be encouraged, including the development of standards. a staff suggestion scheme. The 'Greening the Workplace' initiative for SNH will commence in autumn 1995. The table shows that we are meeting our standards on more than 90 per cent of occasions. We are proud of this high level of service, but shall work hard over the next year to improve on those targets which have not yet been fully met and to maintain standards where we have achieved a 100 per cent success rate.

40 FACTS AND FIGURES The Natural Heritage Protected Areas as at 31 March 1995

National Nature Reserves - Distribution, Areas and Tenure, as at 31 March 1995

There are 71 National Nature Reserves declared up to 31 March 1995 by Scottish Natural Heritage or its predecessors under Section 19 of the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 or Section 35 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. National Nature Reserves are sites which are judged by SNH to be of national or international importance. All NNRs are also notified as SSSIs.

Owned (ha) Leased (ha) NRA (ha) 5.35 (ha) Total Area (ha)

33,930 3,057 76,256 77 113,320 *

* This includes an increase in area for Glencripesdale NNR due to an extension of the site from 93 ha to 609.3 ha.

Distribution of SSSIs by District

Sites of Special Scientific Interest are exemplary places in Scotland for nature conservation. They are special for their plants or animals or habitat, their rocks or landforms or a combination of these. Designation is a legal process.

Local Authority District No of Sites principally Area within District (ha) within District Aberdeen 4 41.4 Angus 25 8,048.4 Annandale and Eskdale 13 37,331.9 Argyll and Bute 95 57,473.4 Badenoch and Strathspey 17 64,570.1 Banff and Buchan 17 3,262.1 42 Bearsden and Milngavie 1 59.2 Berwickshire 21 2,136.1 Caithness 60 47,997.1 Clackmannan 10 776.2 Clydebank 1 1.4 Clydesdale 29 5,036.3 Cumbernauld and Kilsyth 2 103.0 Cumnock and Doon Valley 15 1,322.7 Cunninghame 25 14,749.9 Dumbarton 28 4,447.1 Dundee 14 845.4 Dunfermline 14 948.9 East Kilbride 1 22.8 East Lothian 21 4,677.0 Eastwood 2 53.5 Edinburgh 8 1,223.3 Ettrick and Lauderdale 30 9,752.1 Falkirk 9 1,718.5 Glasgow 5 150.8 Gordon 24 6,810.6 Hamilton 7 415.4 Inverclyde 3 393.7 Inverness 24 24,952.9 Kilmarnock and Loudon 0 0.0 Kincardine and Deeside 32 28,738.1 Kirkcaldy 7 596.5 Kyle and Carrick 31 4,076.3 Lochaber 47 64,316.1 Midlothian 13 1,134.5 Monklands 4 136.2 Moray 34 18,505.4 Motherwell 0 16.5 Nairn 6 5,218.6 Nithsdale 16 1,801.8 North East Fife 31 5,733.8 Orkney Islands 31 20,404.0 Perth and Kinross 109 48,462.5 Renfrew 10 782.8 Ross and Cromarty 63 93,791.7 Local Authority District Nt • of Site's principally Area within District within District

Roxburgh 26 4,768.3 Shetland Islands 76 15,737.1 Skye and Lochalsh 43 29,082.3 Stewartry 27 8,393.4 Stirling 66 18,311.0 Strathkelvin 4 79.9 Sutherland 68 136,034.5 Tweeddale 12 9,039.5 West Lothian 17 1,380.7 Western Isles 48 32,753.3 Wigtown 36 17,001.1

Totals 1,382 865,617.1

Note relating to 'Number of Sites principally within District':

Sites which lie in more than one local authority district are assigned to that district within which the greatest apportionment of area lies. District Area figures have, however, been allocated correctly

Changes in the SSSI series since 31 March 1994 are indicated in the following tables.

SSSIs notified between 1 April 1994 and 31 March 1995

Local Authority District Site Name Special Interest Dunfermline Roscobie Quarry earth science Falkirk Howierig Muir biological Moray Lethenhill biological Perth & Kinross Craig Rossie earth science Shetland Islands Burn of Lunklet biological North Roe Meadow biological Sutherland Lon A'Chuil biological Skelpick Peatlands biological 43 Syre Peatlands biological West Strathnaver biological

SSSIs De-notified between 1 April 1994 and 31 March 1995

Local Authority District Site Name Special Interest Roxburgh Allars Mill earth science Jedwater

Sites of Special Scientific Interest - Summary of Areas Notified by 31 March 1995

The table shows the number and extent of Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) which have been notified in Scotland under Section 23 of the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 or Section 28 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, as areas of special scientific interest by reason of their flora, fauna, or geographical or physiographical features.

Number Area (ha) SSSIs notified and NNRs declared under the 1949 Act by 30 November 1981 883 590,608 SSSIs denotified between 30 November 1981 and 31 March 1995 113 12,312 SSSIs still under 1949 Act 7 2,409 Total SSSIs notified under the 1981 Act by 31 March 1995 1,375 863,208 Total SSSIs at 31 March 1995 (including sites notified under the 1949 Act and not yet renotified) 1,382 865,617 Damage to SSSIs in Scotland -1 April 1994 to 31 March 1995 When SSSI sites have been notified under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, owners and occupiers are required to consult SNH before doing anything which might damage or destroy the features of special interest. To act without consultation may result in a fine. Cause of Damage Term of No of Area (ha) Length Damage SSSIs ifLinear(m) Agricultural activities Long 1 150 0 Short 4 41.2 0 Forestry activities Long 1 0.5 0 Short 0 0 0 Statutory Undertakers Long 0 0 0 Short 1 0 1200 Recreation Long 1 0 500 Short 1 0 3000 Miscellaneous activities (including Long 1 2.5 0 pollution, unauthorised tipping and burning) Short 13 541.4 1050 Total Long 4 153 500 Short 19 582.6 5250 Definitions: Long Term Damage: damage causing a lasting reduction in the special interest. Short Term Damage: damage from which the special interest could recover Note: Damage due to insufficient management is not recorded.

Orders made by the Secretary of State under Section 29 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 and in force during the period 1 April 1994 to 31 March 1995. Name of Order Date Made Hectares 44 The Carstairs Kames Nature Conservation Order 1984 31 May 1984 73.0 The River Spey and Insh Marshes Nature Conservation Order 1987 23 March 1987 121.0 The Loch of Strathbeg Nature Conservation Order 1987 31 August 1987 2.2 The North Fetlar Nature Conservation Order 1987 22 October 1987 86.0 Culbin Foreshore Nature Conservation Order 1989 9 June 1989 2.0 Kinneil Lagoon Nature Conservation Order 1989 16 August 1989 27.8 Drimnin to Killundine Woods Nature Conservation Order 1990 7 November 1990 8.3 Black Loch (Abdie) Nature Conservation Order 1990 7 November 1990 5.5 The Rivers Spey-Feshie Confluence Nature Conservation Order 1992 3 August 1992 20.3 The Rivers Spey-Feshie Confluence Nature Conservation Order 1992 - Amendment Order 1993 28 April 1993 North Fetlar (Virda Water Apportionment) Nature Conservation Order 1993 19 May 1993 39.0 Shielton Peatlands Nature Conservation Order 1993 18 August 1993 1,365.0 Cobbinshaw Moss Nature Conservation Order 1994 18 February 1994 197.1 Management Agreements concluded under Section 15 of the Countryside Act 1968

The number of agreements and the area involved in Scotland as at 31 March 1995 are listed below together with the payments made by SNH during 1994/95

Number of Agreements Hectares under Agreement Cost ot Agreements (£)

565 132,459 2,841,068

Note: These figures include Section 15 Agreements concluded under the Peatland Management Scheme

Management Agreements concluded under Section 15 of the Countryside Act 1968

New agreements where contracts were exchanged and the first payment was made during 1994/95

Site Name Property Name Start Date Term(yrs) Costs(£) Notes Area (ha) Habitat Angus, Tayside Dilty Water Newton of Kirkbuddo 9 Dec 94 21 200 Annual 12 Bog/flush Argyll & Bute, Strathclyde Ardmore, Kildalton & CallumM Ardtalla Estate 20 Sep 87 40 28,489 Lump sum 869 Woodland/acidic Woodlands 4,535 Annual grassland 11,952 Other costs (Fencing) Ardpatrick & Dunmore Woods Carse Estate 20 Dec 93 25 7,844 Deer fencing 216 Woodland Artilligan & Abhain Srathain Bums Artilligan Bum 18 Apr 94 5 20,580 Rhododendron 49 Woodland control ClaonaigWood Claonaig 1 Feb 95 15 2,977 Fencing 35 Woodland Hells Glen Monevechadan 1 Dec 94 5 3,673 Deer fencing 9 Woodland Laggan Peninsula & Bay Duich Farm 26 Aug 94 20 9,978 Annual 1372 Coastland 25,226 Building costs Totamore Dunes Lonban 1 Jun94 15 30,000 Lump sum 338 Coastland 2,463 Annual 4,950 Other costs 45 (Fencing) Badenoch & Strathspey, Highland River Spey/Insh Marshes River Spey/Insh Marshes 1 Mar 87 14 8,000 Annual 121 Marsh vegetation Caithness, Highland Dunbeath Water Dunbeath Estates Ltd 1 Feb 94 99 250 Annual fencing 173 Semi-natural woodland maintenance Shielton Peatlands Tachar 27 Dec 91 99 42,000 Lump sum 36 Bog/flush 10,230 Other costs Clackmannan, Central CraigmadWood Brucefield Estate 28 May 94 20 4,980 Fencing 24 Woodland East Lothian, Lothian Papana Water Papana Water 28 Mar 95 25 10,000 Lump sum 5 Woodland/mixed semi-natural Papana Water Garvald Mains 23 Aug 94 25 2,000 Annual 14 Woodland/mixed semi-natural Ettrick, Borders Blind Moss Burnfoot Farm 24 Jan 95 20 4.341 Other costs 13 Threepwood Moss Threepwood 28 Sep 94 25 8,061 Other costs 54 Bog/flush Inverness, Highland Kildrummie Kames Kilravock Estate 25 Jun 94 21 1,000 Other costs 60 Geomorphological Kincardine, Grampian West Bradieston West Bradieston 1 Sep 92 21 22,878 Annual 79 Grassland/heathland Kyle & Carrick, Strathclyde Ailsa Craig Ailsa Craig 1 Apr 94 1 2,946 Rat eradication 104 Coastland bracken/herb Knockdaw Hill Knockdaw Farm 1 Aug 94 12 2,050 Lump sum 203 Neutral grassland 6,972 Annual Knockdaw Hill Gamabum 1 Feb 93 15 8,900 Annual 142 Grassland 200 Repair & maintenance costs Littleton & Balhamie Hills Little Carleton Farm 1 Dec 91 10 1,000 Lump sum 10 Acidic grassland Pinbain Bum to Cairn Hill Ardwell Farm 18 Jun 93 7 3,551 Annual 236 Grass: marshy Monklands, Strathclyde Longriggend Moss Greendykeside Farm 20 Sep 83 25 710 Annual 9 Grass: marshy Moray, Grampian Kellas Oakwood Kellas Oakwood 15 May 90 20 10,000 Lump sum 17 Acid oakwood North East Fife, Fife Isle of May 28 Nov 94 25 0 No cost 1 Tayport Tentsmuir Coast Shanwell 15 Dec 91 20 10,545 Lump sum 4 Rock Site Name Property Name Start Date Term(yrs) Costs(£) Notes Area (ha) Habitat Orkney Isles Keelylang & Swartabeck Hobbister 16 Apr 90 12 12,000 Annual 619 Bog/flush Rousay Koogrew 26 Dec 89 10 7,077 Annual 103 Moorland (blanket bog/heath) Rousay Cogar Farm 17 Oct 94 3 630 Annual 9 Grassland/heath/fl Rousay Rousay 1 Jul 89 10 7,000 Annual 46 Moorland Waulkmill Waulkmill 15 Jul 91 11 2,000 Annual 410 Salt marsh Shetland Isles Hill of Colvadale & Sobul Hill of Colvadale & Sobul 1 Sep 91 21 200 Lump sum 26 Heathland 745 Annual North Fetlar North Fetlar 4 May 93 21 200 Lump sum 39 Heathland 2,590 Annual Papa Stour Virda Field 1 Sep 91 20 200 Lump sum 106 Heathland Apportionment 2,200 Annual Papa Stour Busta Estate, 1 Sep 91 20 200 Lump sum 53 Heathland Papa Stour 856 Annual Papa Stour Brough Estate, 1 Sep 91 20 200 Lump sum 49 Heathland Papa Stour 788 Annual Ronas Hill - North Roe Ronas Hill - North Roe 23 Feb 93 21 200 Lump sum 115 Heathland 5,150 Annual Tingon Tingon 1 Sep 91 12 4,400 Annual 488 Blanket bog Stewartry, Dumfries & Galloway Skyrebum Grasslands Glen/Whiteside Farms 1 May 94 10 3,000 Annual 41 Acidic grassland Wigtown, Dumfries & Galloway Dowalton Loch Boreland of Longcastle 1 Mar 95 3 1,600 Lumpsum 40 Swamp, fen and inundation commu RavenshallWood Kirkdale Estate 1 Apr 94 20 1,560 Lumpsum 9 Woodland Salt Pans Bay Meikle Galdenoch 1 May 94 5 1,000 Lumpsum 12 Coastland Tons Warren - Luce Sands Sandmill Farm 15 Oct 94 15 12,500 Lump sum 12 Coastland 4,508 Other costs (fencing)

46 Agreements completed under Section 49 (A) of the Countryside Act between 1 April 1994 and 31 March 1995

Site or Property Name Local Authority Local Authority Start DateTerm(yrs) Costs(£) Area (ha) Habitat District Region Torhousemuir Wigtown Dumfries & Galloway 1 Jun 94 5 2,367 Annual 286 Grassland 5 5,000 Annual Newtownmore Golf Course Badenoch & Strathspey Highland 15 Apr 94 12 Grassland Common Grazings Ardlair/Letterewe Ross & Cromarty Highland 1 Nov 94 30 7,000 Other costs 5 Woodland (fencing) Blackhill Farm Ross & Cromarty Highland 1 Oct 94 5 Variable annual costs 157 Agricultural (1,434 paid in 1994) 700 Other costs (management works) Coire a Ghamhn - part Ross & Cromarty Highland 1 Dec 94 50 10,000 Other costs 16 Pinewood AnTeallach (fencing) CulbinFarm Ross & Cromarty Highland 1 Oct 94 5 75 Capital cost 125 Agricultural variable annual cost (1,751 paid in 1994) Foulis Farm 1 Oct 94 5 Variable annual cost 390 Agricultural Ross & Cromarty Highland (3,364 for 1995) 1,800 Other costs (management works) Mountric Farm 1 Oct 94 5 Variable annual cost 50 Agricultural Ross & Cromarty Highland (500 paid in 1995) 1,000 Other costs (management works) Pelaig Farm 1 Oct 94 5 Variable annual cost 46 Agricultural Ross & Cromarty Highland (500 paid in 1995) 4,326 Other costs (management works) Tulloch Farm 1 Oct 94 5 Variable annual cost 209 Agricultural Ross & Cromarty Highland (2,890 paid in 1995) 300 Other costs (management works) 1 Oct 94 5 Variable annual cost 263 Agricultural Woodlands Farm Ross & Cromarty Highland (2,110 for 1995) 3,000 Other costs (management works) Site or Property Name Local Authority Local Authority Start DateTermfyrs) Costs(C) Area (ha Habitat District Region Coille Dalavil 18 Jul 94 30 10,000 Fencing 475 Woodland/ Skye & Lochalsh Highland Peatland Storr Woods 1 Nov 94 999 NIL 94 Grassland Skye & Lochalsh Highland geological interest Strathaird and Torrin Estate Skye & Lochalsh Highland 1 Feb 95 999 50,000 Capital 8,242 mainly upland cost with a variety of others i.e. moorland, heather, rivers, lochs, etc. (includes Cuillin Hills NSA) Aikerness, Evie Orkney Orkney 1 Jan 95 10 1,125 Other costs 1 Dune grassland (management works) LaxoVoe Shetland Shetland 1 Aug 94 10 125 Annual 1 Grassland 575 Other costs (management works) Muckle Roe Meadows Shetland Shetland 1 Aug 94 5 850 Annual 3 Grassland Dykeneuk Moss, Mosside Cunninghame Strathclyde 1 Mar 93 20 10,469 Capital cost 24 Woodland AlltVolagir Western Isles Western Isles 1 Jan 95 20 100 Annual 8 Woodland 10,000 Other costs (fencing) Traigh Na Berie Western Isles Western Isles 1 Apr 94 25 7,000 Other costs 41 Machair (fencing)

Agreements concluded in Caithness and Sutherland under the Peatland Management Scheme between 1 April 1994 and 31 March 1995 Site Property Name Area Annual (ha 1 Payment (£) 47 Ben Hope Strathmore Estates 162 1,012 Ben Hutig Ben Hutig 2,680 4,000 Coire na Beinne Poorhouse 380 1,230 Grudie Peatlands Sallachy Farm 3,461 2,203 Grudie Peatlands Glen Cassley 315 1,165.00 Oliclett Brickigoe 108 790 Strathmore Cam nam Muc 472 1,322 Strathy Bogs Creag nan Laogh 50 500 Truderscaig Loch Choire Estate 686 1,509 Truderscaig Badanloch Estate 320 1,1700 West Borgie Cnoc na Moine 256 1,106 West Borgie Borgie Common Grazings 1078 1,607 West Borgie Skerry Common Grazings 374 4,000 West Borgie Tongue Common Grazings 431 4,000 West Halladale Strathy East, West & Baligill 47 963 At 31 March 1994 there was a total of 63 agreements under the Peatland Management Scheme covering an area of some 53,581 hectares.

Ramsar Sites designated by Government between 1 April 1994 and 31 March 1995 Ramsar sites are sites designated under the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat. The Convention was adopted in Ramsar, Iran, in 1971 and ratified by the UK Government in 1976. Site Name Region Date of Designation Ramsar Area (ha) Coll Strathclyde 31 Mar 95 2,177 LochMaree Highland 19 Sep 94 3,100 Montrose Basin Tayside 3 Feb 95 987 At 31 March 1995 there were 27 designated Ramsar Sites covering a total area of 53,439 hectares. Special Protection Areas designated by Government between 1 April 1994 and 31 March 1995

Special Protection Areas are areas designated under the European Communities Council Directive (79/409 EEC) on the Conservation of Wild Birds Site Name Region Date of Designation SPA Area (ha) Coll Strathclyde 31 Mar 95 2,177 Fair Isle Shetland 16 Dec 94 592 Glen Tanar Grampian 19 Sep 94 4,185 Loch Maree Highland 19 Sep 94 3,100 Loch Vaa Highland 19 Sep 94 45 Marwick Head Orkney 16 Dec 94 9 Mingulay & Berneray Western Isles 16 Dec 94 819 Monach Isles Western Isles 19 Sep 94 577 Montrose Basin Tayside 3 Feb 95 987 Treshnish Isles Strathclyde 30 Aug 94 208

At 31 March 1995 there were 42 designated Special Protection Areas, covering a total area of 74,982 hectares.

Proposed Ramsar Sites with local consultations completed and recommended to Government for designations

Site Name Proposed Date of Submission Area (ha) Designation to Government Cape Wrath 1014 SPA 19 Aug 94 Highland Loch Ruthven 375 RAM/SPA 21 Mar 95 Highland Noss SPA 10 Nov 94 313 48 Shetland Islands Rinns of Islay RAM/SPA 3 Mar 95 3575 RAMSAR Strathclyde 8683 SPA

National Scenic Areas

NSAs are currently the main form of protection for Scotland's finest landscapes, designated by the Secretary of State for Scotland under Section 262C, Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1972. There are 40 NSAs totalling 1,001,800 hectares.

Country Parks

No further parks established (36 parks covering 6,426 ha)

Regional Parks

No further parks established (4 Parks covering 86,125 ha)

Long Distance Routes

No further routes established (4 routes measuring 500 km in total) Historic Gardens and Designed Landscapes

There are 275 Historic Gardens and Designed Landscapes listed within the "Inventory of Historic Gardens and Designed Landscapes". This figure remains unaltered at 31 March 1995. An extension to the Inventory is, however, in progress. No revised figure is available at this time.

Local Nature Reserves Declared between 1 April 1994 and 31 March 1995

Local Nature Reserves are sites which, in a local context, are of high conservation interest or of a high value for education and informal enjoyment by the public. They are declared by local authorities under Section 21 of the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. Reserve Name Local Authority Area (ha) Responsible Scotstown Moor Aberdeen District Council 12.9

The figure given in the 1993/94 Annual Report for the number of LNRs in Scotland and the corresponding area was incorrect. It should have read 16 LNRs, covering 3,371 ha. There are 17 LNRs in Scotland, covering a total of 3,384 ha.

International Designations

Biosphere Reserves: No further reserves designated (9 reserves covering 28,768 ha)

Biogenetic Reserves: No further reserves designated (2 reserves covering 2,388 ha)

World Heritage Sites: No further sites designated (1 site covering 853 ha)

European Diploma Sites: BeinnEighe (CategoryA) 1983 Fair Isle National Scenic Area (Category C) 1985 49 SNH Responses to Government Consultations 1 April 1994-31 March 1995

Issuing Depaitmen t Consultation Paper Title Response Date SOAFD Application of Environmental Conditions to Livestock Headage Payment Scheme 29.04.94 SOEnD Improving Air Quality 29.04.94 DoE UK Round Table on Sustainable Development 24.06.94 SOAFD West Coast and Shetland Sandeel Fisheries - arrangements for 1994 24.05.94 SOHHD Game Laws and Licensing 27.05.94 SOAFD UK Fisheries Sectoral Plan 1994/99 23.05.94 SOAFD Highlands and Islands Agricultural Programme (HIAP) 08 .06.94 SOAFD Inshore Fishing - Solway Cockles 23.06.94 SOAFD Nitrate Vulnerable Zones 07.10.94 DTI The Government's Nuclear Review 23.09.94 SOED Review of Licencing Arrangements for Marine Dredged Minerals in Scottish Waters - The Government's view procedure 06.09.94 SOEnD Environmental Protection Act 1990 Part 1 Local Authority A/C Pollution Control 22.08.94 SOEnD Review of Town and County Planning (Minerals) Act 1981. Post 1948 Mineral Permissions in Scotland 14.09.94 SOIndD Scottish Tourism Co-ordinating Group 07.09.94 SOAFD Fishing with Passive Gear in the Community 08.09.94 SOEnD Review of Town and Country Planning System in Scotland 30.11.94 50 SOAFD Proposed Changes to Simplify the HCLA Scheme 31.08.94 SOAFD Inshore Fishing - Solway Cockles - Dredging by Tractors 31.08.94 DoE Review of Radioactive Waste Management Policy 10.10.94 SOAFD EC Fish and Shellfish Health Directive 9LI/67 Third Country Imports 31.08.94 MoD The way ahead for the Ministry of Defence Test and Evaluation Facilities in the United Kingdom 11.10.94 DoE EC Proposals to amend the EIA Directive 13.09.94 Forestry Commission CSD - 1995 Forestry Sector Report 22.09.94 Forestry Commission Our Forests the Way Ahead 08.11.94 SOHHD Property Enquiry Certificates 10.10.94 SOEnD Draft National Planning Policy Guideline: Land for Waste Evaluation Facilities Disposal 17.01.95 SOIndD Local Government Reform - Shaping the Trunk Road Network 28.11.94 SOAFD Protection of Aquatic Habitats from Non-Native Crayfish 14.11.94 SOEnD Envrionmental Assessment and Planning: Draft Guide on the preparing of Environmental Statements 10.01.95 MAFF Proposed Fresh Meat (Hygience and Inspection) Regulations 1995 16.01.95 SOEnD DrafMotorwayt Nationas anl dPlannin other Trung Polick Roady Guidelines in Scotlan: Thed Provision of Roadside Facilities on 09.02.95 DoE Proposals for Amending the Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate release) Regulations 1992 09.01.95 DoE UK Report to the 1995 Session of the CSD 09.01.95 SOAFD Commission Proposal on Fixed Gear 1991/94 29.12.94 SOIndD Review of Tourist Road Signs 12.01.95 SOAFD Several and Regulating Orders 02.03.95 SOEnD Private Water Supplies: Changes to the Water (Scotland) Act 1980 and Review of the Operation of the Private Water Supplies Scotland Regulations 1992 and Local Authority Guidance Note 12.03.95 Scottish Office Local Government Reform Structure Plan Areas 01.03 .95 DoE Draft Minerals Planning Guidance Note 1: 'General Considerations and the Development Plan System' 14.03.95 DoT New Roads and Street Works Act 1991: Possible Changes to Regulations and Codes of Practice 10.02.95 Issuing Departmen t Consultation Paper Title Response Date SOIndD Fitting Roads Review Document: Final Draft 07.03.95 SOEnD Proposals to introduce permitted development rights for closed circuit TV cameras 20.03.95 HSE Proposals for the Amendment of the Genetically Modified Organism (controlled use) Regulations 1992, including implementation of the European Commission Directive 94/51/EC 24.03.95 SOAFD EC Fish and Shellfish Health Directive 91/67 EEC Licences for Third Country Import 30.03.95 SOEnD Planning Control over Farm, Forestry and Other Private Tracks and Roads: draft consultation paper 21.03.95

51 Grants Awarded by SNH The aims of the SNH grant scheme mirror those of the organisation as a whole. They incorporate both the conservation and enhancement of the natural heritage of Scotland and the fostenng of its understanding and enjoyment. 1994/1995 Grants Expenditure by programme areas by sector 0.38%-Central Scotland 36.69%-Local Authorities Woodland Iniitiative 1.58%-Natural Heritage Policy Development 40% 1.58%-Biodiversity Public 0.25%-Marine and Coastal Areas 4.47%-Special Natural Heritage Sites 50% Voluntary bodies 10.43%-Management of Key Areas

34.98%-Land Managers 67%-Environmental Education Total - £6,861,442 Grants Awarded between 1 April 1994 and 31 March 1995 Applicant Project Paid (£)

Promoting Biodiversity Angus District Council Sand martin nesting wall 7,375 Argyll FWAG Mink scheme 2,745 52 Bat Conservation Trust Bats in building video 954 Bat Conservation Trust Conservation officer 10,000 Bat Conservation Trust Training course 1,889 Botanical Society of Scotland Travel expenses 682 Butterfly Conservation Action for butterflies 2,334 Central Area Recording System Biological records centre 3,821 Coignafearn Estate Report on flora 750 Corncrake Scheme Grassland for corncrakes 2,566 Cowley E Sand martin sites 193 Dalhouse Estates Improve spawning areas 3,414 Dumfriesshire Bat Group Set up costs 200 Galashiels Academy Construction of bat boxes 137 Gray B (Lanarkshire BRISC) Printing of survey forms 25 Haig N T Crow traps 55 Hams, Mr M Grampian Badger Survey 442 Harrison, Mr A K Bat exclusion works 640 Herpetofauna Conservation International Ltd Annual General Meeting 645 Herpetofauna Conservation International Ltd National Initiative 5,122 IRS Salvesens Testamentary Trustees Fencing and badger gates 2,363 Kintyre Fox Hunting Society Mink traps 158 Lothian & Fife Swan Study Group Census of mute swans 354 Lothians Bat Group Travel costs 350 MacKenzie John M Larsen traps for crow control 93 Mammal Society Support package 3,066 National Trust for Scotland Course on monitoring bird population 113 North Solway Ringing Group Purchase of equipment 971 Outer Hebrides Bird Report Produce and print bird report 151 Perthshire FWAG Meeting re red and grey squirrels 285 Red Alert (SW Scotland) Set up costs 200 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Corncrake conservation 18,064 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Corncrake officers 5,000 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Diver rafts 2,681 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Field officer 2,583 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Fundraising development officer 2,503 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds RSPB officer on Mull 9,077 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Safeguard earth bunds and sluices 2,336 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Valuation fees 1,005 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds White tailed eagle initiative 1,250 Salt, Mr R J Badger conservation scheme 976 Scottish Wildlife Trust Computer equipment 1,332

Balance carried forward £98,900 Balance brought forward £98,900 Applicant Project Paid (£) Scottish Wildlife Trust Monitoring equipment 163 Scottish Wildlife Trust Monitoring scheme 196 Scottish Wildlife Trust Osprey nest surveillance equipment 803 Scout Association Area of Dundee Hedge planting and bat cave 927 Sutcliffe R Butterfly survey 32 Tay Ringing Group Mountain safety training course 376 Tay Ringing Group Purchase of computers 2,115 Tay Ringing Group Wader mist nests 273 Taylor Mr Bat roost works 191 Tayside Raptor Study Group Climbing safety equipment 898 Tipping Dr Richard Research on native pinewoods 850 Tweed Forum Hogweed study 2,500 Sub total 108,224

Managing Special Natural Heritage Sites District Valuer Fees 776 James Rice Memorial Trust Land purchase 8,000 National Trust for Scotland Land purchase 41,000 National Trust for Scotland Purchase of Kiltyrie Farm and grazings 50,000 Scottish Wildlife Trust Land purchase 8,441 Scottish Wildlife Trust Management plans 118,872 Scottish Wildlife Trust Proj ects and training teams 28,500 Wigtown Bay Wildfowlers Club Land purchase 35,000 Woodland Trust Land purchase 7,472 Woodland Trust Purchase of wood 8,750 Sub total 306,811

Facilitating the Management of Key Areas Cairngorm Partnership Setting up fund 226,127 Highland & Islands Enterprise Cairngorm footpath repair 15,000 Loch Lomond Park Authority Bye law officer 21,145 Loch Lomond Park Authority Capital equipment for rangers 60,000 Loch Lomond Park Authority Creation of interpretive facilities 78,015 Loch Lomond Park Authority Formation of footpath, WHW 10,752 53 Loch Lomond Park Authority Historical research of King's Tree 238 Loch Lomond Park Authority Improvement works, WHW 13,672 Loch Lomond ParkAuthority Litter - field assistant 2,323 Loch Lomond Park Authority Park staff costs 95,793 Loch Lomond Park Authority Path mananger, WHW 12,870 Loch Lomond Park Authority Path upgrading 23,653 Loch Lomond Park Authority Project/land management officer 6,855 Loch Lomond Park Authority Property & maintenance costs, WHW 5,252 Loch Lomond Park Authority Purchase of tracklayer, WHW 1,674 Loch Lomond ParkAuthority Ranger service 73,163 Loch Lomond ParkAuthority Road enhancements 24,000 Loch Lomond Park Authority WHW maintenance rangers 45,430 Sub total 715,962

Improving Environmental Education Aberdeen City Council Reprint Scotstown Moor LNR leaflet 430 Abernethy Primary School Create wildlife garden 750 Airlie Primary School Wildlife garden 521 Ambit Environmental Communications Video on wind farms 6,750 An Lanntair Touring exhibition 500 Angus FWAG Demonstration field margins 329 Ardersier Primary School Planting 287 Ardrishaig Community Council Interpretive plan 480 Argyll & Bute Countryside Trust Displays at visitor centre 2,937 Argyll & Bute Countryside Trust Signage and interpretive leaflet 843 Argyll Green Woodworkers Assoc Production of portfolio 788 Balquhidderock Wood Conservation Group Interpretive panels and and fencing 1,452 Barony College Ranger training courses 7,690 Bayble Primary School Tree planting 325 Borestone Primary School Wildlife garden 272 British Waterways Interpretive panels 2,546 British Waterways Storytelling programme 1,000 Buchan Countryside Group Education officer 6,896 Bunessan Primary School Pond creation 103 Bute Museum Nature trail leaflet 492 Caithness Science Festival Financial support for conference speakers 298 Campbeltown Grammar School Construction of anniversary garden 1,581 Caretakers of the Environment Caretakers of the Environment Conference 7,000 Cambooth School Creation of herb garden 253 Balance carried forward £44,523 Balance brought forward £44,523 Applicant Project Paid (£) Carnoustie High School Pond project 127 Centre for Environmental Interpretation Encourage good practice in interpretation 10,000 Centre for Environmental Interpretation Interpretive training courses 6,318 Child and Family Centre Wildlife garden 710 Clackmannan District Council Leisure Services Community feedback 5,000 Clackmannan District Council Leisure Services Signposting and waymarking 1,500 Clan Donald Lands Trust Signs at visitor centre 1,427 Clan Munro Heritage Trust Interpretive plan 1,469 Clova Hall Fund Programme of six winter lectures 268 Co Chomunn na Pairc Ltd Rennovation of field study centre 5,784 Cornton Primary School Shelterbelt for playground 1,926 COSQUEC Promotion of SVQs in Environmental Conservation 16,621 Craighead Special School Circular walk through woodlands 910 Craighill Primary School Tree planting 500 Cranloch St Andrews School Create nature trail through school grounds 589 Crieff Road Pre-School Conservation area/wildlife garden 801 Croftamie Primary School Wildlife garden 661 Crombie Primary Development of wildlife area 500 Crown Estate Reprint Glenlivit leaflet 1,568 Crown Estate Commissioners Interpretive boards 1,791 CSV Aberdeen Media Action Production of the green diary 1,490 CSV Media Eco Reekie environment news letter 1,000 David Livingstone Centre Exhibition 15,000 Deshar Primary School Create wildlife garden 500 Dick's Hill Resource Centre Create wildlife garden 277 Dighty Publicity material 692 Dighty Volunteer action travel grants 414 Drystone Walling Association Leaflet 940 Drystone Walling Association Training events 615 Dumfries and Galloway REEF Visual display 62 Dun Primary School Development of school grounds 463 Dunning Primary School Environmental study area 391 Dunoon Grammar School Solar radio sensor for weather station 273 Dyce Academy Caretakers of the Environment Conference 8,534 Edinburgh College of Art Support for European Conference of Landscape Architecture Schools 54 1,250 Educational Dance Projects Dance educational projects 995 Environmental Network Ltd Project plan for visitor centre 8,553 Farming & Wildlife Advisory Group Training course 4,450 Ferryhill School Wildlife area 491 Festival of the Environment Interactive environmental event 6,200 Finlay Mr D Interpretive signs and leaflets 2,057 Freshwater Biological Association Loch Ness study 2,000 Gannon Messrs R J & M T Finishing touches to leaflet 538 Girl Guide Association Publication of spectrum pack 736 Glashiebum School Repair wildlife area 500 Glen Esk Trust Interpretive provision 4,288 Glen Isla Leaflet Group Leaflet 300 Glenwood Nursery School Miniature arboretum 200 Golspie High School Garden project 250 Grampian Regional Council Training of local Agenda 21 facilitators 5,000 Grampian Schools Environmental Monitoring Network River monitoring project 270 Grantown Primary School Create wildlife garden 500 High School Yards Nursery Reprint Wee Green School Pack 1,000 Highland Interpretive Strategy Project Interpretive Strategy officer 4,725 Hillside Primary School Development of school grounds 2,084 Institute of Fisheries Management Conference report 4,797 Intecol VI International Congress of Ecology 2,000 Islay High School Wildlife garden 544 John Muir Trust National environmental award 7,600 Kelvin Valley Countryside Project Creation of a wildlife area 3,000 Kilmartin Glen Project Promotional leaflet 1,243 Kilmartin Glen Project Sign strategy and corporate identity 2,046 Kinloch Primary School Environmental garden 962 Kippen Environment Centre Development officer 5,000 Kirkmichael Primary School Wildlife garden 355 Langlands Primary School Nursery wildlife area 581 LawsonWM Production of leaflets 497 Learning Through Landscapes Leaflet 2,025 Lews Castle College Interactive teaching discs 299 Linlithgow Golf Club Interpretation 2,573 Loch Lomond Field Staff Liaison Group Posters 515 Lochside Primary School Development of school grounds 395 Loening Dr U E Forest heritage open day demos 1,125

Balance carried forward £215,588 Balance brought forward £215,588 Applicant Project Paid (£) Lothian Conservation Volunteers Display boards 225 MacGregor M R Extension of natural history centre 29,729 Marine Conservation Society School study pack 7,216 Marine Harvest Interpretive panel on cairn 590 Marlpool Special School Wildlife garden and tree planting 300 Meadowburn Primary Nature garden 51 Merrylee Primary School Wildlife garden 800 Mill on the Fleet Co Project officer 3,224 Millersneuk Primary School Nature area 609 Morar Sea Trout Improvement Project Production of leaflet 285 Mossgeil Primary School Wildlife garden 420 Muiredge Primary School Purchase of top soil, plants, etc 1,172 Muirhead Primary School Resource for natural history studies 331 Mull & West Highland Railway Co View indicator 398 Nansen Society Establish permaculture farm 2,500 National Gaelic Arts Project Multi-media Gaelic touring production 10,000 Nature Workshop Mobile nature and craft workshop 6,000 Newtyle Secondary School Development of school grounds 1,794 North Coast Community Enterprise Visitor centre 4,858 North East Fife District Council Interpretive centre 8,854 North Knapdale Community Venture Survey of interpretive needs 480 Orkney FWAG FWAG Handbook 4,165 On -Ewing Major Interpretation centre 2,647 Padanaram Primary School Development of school grounds 853 Park School Wildlife garden 200 Parsons Green Primary School Around our School exhibition 139 Pegler R Training course in dyking 280 Petersburn Primary School Marsh garden, wildflower meadow 643 Port Charlotte Primary School Wildlife habitat creation 493 Recycling Advisory Group Video 3,600 Rippingale N Drystone dyking course 370 Ross and Cromarty District Council Eco-camp 1,000 Ross Dugald Reroofing museum 1,805 Royal Botanic Gardens Children's garden project 450 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds First nature curricular package 5,622 55 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Interpretive display 278 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Production of IUCN report packs for life 750 Royal Society of Edinburgh Meeting on waste disposal 500 Scottish Agricultural College Rural interpretive centre 7,032 Scottish Agricultural College Auchinruvie Ranger training courses 5,397 Scottish Association of Agriculture Community farm links 334 Scottish Conservation Projects Trust DIY conservation manual 7,099 Scottish Conservation Projects Trust Volunteer and training programme 68,000 Scottish Countryside Rangers Association Booklet, leaflets 5,004 Scottish Crofters Union Township of the Year Award 5,000 Scottish Development Education Centre Publication of primary schools topic pack on farming 3,174 Scottish Environmental Education Council Directory of resources 1,330 Scottish Environmental Education Council International Youth Conservation Exchange 812 Scottish Environmental Education Council REEFs 30,000 Scottish Environmental Education Council Sustainability Symposium 5,850 Scottish Falconry Centre Trust Educational unit 11,825 Scottish Farm & Countryside Educational Trust Research project 1,855 Scottish Farm & Countryside Educational Trust Rural environment database 4,489 Scottish Field Studies Association Purchase of minibus 9,958 Scottish Field Studies Association Ranger training 3,732 Scottish Field Studies Association Renovation of teaching space 10,000 Scottish Field Studies Association Teaching room 2,316 Scottish Wildlife & Countryside Link Core funding 6,750 Scottish Wildlife & Countryside Link Virtuous Circle conference 2,540 Scottish Wildlife Trust Interpretive material 1,091 Scottish Wildlife Trust Materials for Watch leaders 227 Scottish Wildlife Trust Members' conference 1,250 Scottish Wildlife Trust National Bog Day 1,596 Scottish Wildlife Trust Visitor centre 111,405 Scottish Wildlife Trust Watch training event 729 Scottish Wildlife Trust Wildlife survey team training 4,500 Scottish Youth Hostel Association Worksheets 610 Shetland Field Studies Trust Schools travel grants 1,290 Slide Workshop Tape /slide exhibition 11,000 South of Scotland Youth Awards Youth awards 400 Southern Isles Heritage Trust Project officer 4,621 St Angela's Primary School Woodland garden 2,000 Standing Stones Trust Visitor centre 30,000 Stewart Mrs S Interpretive centre 1,637

Balance carried forward £684,072 Balance brought forward £684,072 Applicant Project Paid (£) Sutherland Tourist Board Visitor centres 7,917 Tarfside Primary School Development of school grounds 448 Tay Ringing Group Mobile display board 450 Tiree & Coll Gaelic Partnership Project officer 736 Trees for Life Information resources 2,393 Trees for Life Interpretive panels 882 Trees for Life Teachers' pack 2,218 Tweeddale Museum Display panels 463 Tweeddale Museum Wood Fayre demonstration costs 198 University of Edinburgh National workshop 1,975 Urras nan Gearranan Develop course pack 1,048 Unas nan Gearranan Project manager 819 Venture Scotland Environmental handbook and video 1,075 Water of Leith Conservation Trust Interpretive boards 1,323 Wellbrae Primary School Development of school grounds 857 West Galloway Fisheries Trust Salmon in the classroom project 1,276 Western Isles Industrial Challenge Simulated Public Enquiry 1,500 Western Isles Tourist Board Self guided trails 3,085 Westerton Primary School Create a wildlife garden 100 Windfall Press Poetry and photographs 148 Woodland Trust Signage 1,197 World Wide Fund for Nature Cadispa II 10,787 World Wide Fund for Nature Curriculum guide 5,607 WorldWide Fund for Nature One day educational event, Castle Douglas 148 Ythan Amenity Trust Provision of interpretive material 1,056 Sub total 731,778

Assisting Land Managers Aberdeen Conservation Volunteers Voluntary work experience 69 Aberdeen Urban Studies Centre Travel grants 3,991 Achanelid Farming Co Fencing 2,455 Aird Township Litter disposal point 250 Airlie The Earl of Repair cross drainage of path 3,825 Aitken Ms M Tree planting and fencing 32 56 Aldridge Mrs A Pond creation, tree and hedge planting 86 An Tuireann Art Centre Nature trail 1,535 Anderson Mr J R S Pond creation 3,078 Appin Community Council Restore and strengthen bridge 8,521 Argo Invest (overseas) Ltd Barrow pit car park 1,293 Argo Invest (overseas) Ltd Footpath maintenance 4,758 Argyll & Bute Countryside Trust Access improvements 576 Argyll & Bute Countryside Trust Core funding 37,435 Argyll & Bute Countryside Trust Footpath link and pond clearance 1,048 Argyll & Bute Countryside Trust Footpath supervisor/estate worker 1,479 Argyll & Bute Countryside Trust Renovation of farmhouse 4,814 Argyll & Bute Countryside Trust Temporary development officer 3,396 Argyll & Bute Countryside Trust Waymarkers, picnic tables etc 2,991 Armstrong J Planting and fencing 877 Ashmore Mr P Pond creation 45 Assoc for Protection of Rural Scotland Annual awards scheme 500 Assoc for Protection of Rural Scotland Development officer 4,000 Assynt Community Council Nature trail 587 Atholl Estates Ranger service 8,901 Baird Mr T Hedge planting 46 Balcarres Estate Tree planting and hedging 752 Ballindalloch Estate Tree planting 787 Balmoral Estates Footpath work 32,742 Balmoral Estates Ranger service 17,276 Banff Day Services Construction of pathways 2,197 Barclay Mr J N Fencing to prevent sheep damaging trees 200 Bams-Graham Mr Upgrading of footpath, WHW 4,250 Ban Mr Robert Reinstatement of drystane dyke 2,550 Billinge Mr J Roadside hedging 110 Black H Tree planting 1,646 Black Moss Nature Park Management Pond clearance 2,864 Blair Trust Co Wall repairs 1,313 Borders Community Woodlands Millennium Forest Project 1,000 Borders Community Woodlands Pond construction 561 BoughenMrRPT Pond creation 2,393 Bowden Smith Mr P D H Formation of a pond 2,482 Boys Brigade Tree and hedge planting 235 Brahan Estates Ranger service 2,614 Brahan Farms Management plan 1,000

Balance carried forward £173,560 Balance brought forward £173,560 Applicant. Project Paid (£) Breasclete Community Assoc Play area, footpath 917 British Association for Shooting & Conservation Deer advisory officer 5,329 British Coal Opencast Hedgerow planting 1,050 British Horse Society Access officer 10,775 British Waterways Project co-ordinator 1,500 British Waterways Ranger service 21,904 Brooks Trust Restoration of historic landscape 3,876 Brown Mr and Mrs E Pond improvements, planting 2,675 Brown Mr J Attendance at RIGGS meetings 594 Buccleuch Estates Ltd Fence replacement 86 Buccleuch Estates Ltd Ranger service 12,441 Buccleuch Heritage Trust Ranger service 11,658 Buchan Mr C Farm conservation plan 275 Burn Mr J J Pond creation 180 Bums, Grant, Mathers and Pine Drs Shelter belt tree planting 153 Bush Action Group Erection of picnic tables and litter bins 486 Buxton Dr and Mrs P Pond restoration, tree planting 2,201 Byatt Sir H C Repair of march fence 1,163 Callendar Estates March fence 916 Campbell AN Create pond 650 Carmunnock Preservation Society Tree surgery 213 Carradale Community Council Replacement of fence 112 Carts River Valley Project Upgrade footpath network 28,188 Catrine Voes Trust Footpath construction 4,000 Cawdor Castle Tourism Ltd Ranger service 13,459 Central Lowland Native Woodlands Project Manager 5,000 Central Scotland Countryside Trust Construction of footpath 4,359 Chapman Mr & Mrs Pond construction 147 Cheape H Accommodation 1,472 Church of Scotland Creation of wildlife garden 2,211 Clan Donald Lands Trust Ranger service 17,046 Clarke M D Hedging 165 Cleuchhead Farms Fencing and plantation 2,264 Clyde & Avon Valleys Project Footpath works 35,000 Clyde & Avon Valleys Project Project costs 14,303 57 Clyde-Calders Project Fencing 1,400 Clyde-Calders Project Landscaping works 9,736 Clyde-Calders Project Management plan 750 Clyde-Calders Project Path upgrading and waymarking 39,670 Clyde-Calders Project Production of leaflet 1,390 Clyde-Calders Project Rhododendron clearance 1,500 Clyde-Calders Project Wildlife garden 376 Coltman Mr D A Loch/pond creation 10,000 Common Grazing Committee Infilling and landscaping 250 Community Gardening Projects - Scot Core funding 9,258 Connelly Mr J Attendance at woodland management course 190 Cormack Mrs Tree planting 124 Cowan Mr and Mrs James Wildlife pond 321 Creber Mrs M Hedgerow planting 118 Croall Mrs R Tree planting 1,665 Cross Mr J & Ms J Shower & toilet block 2,930 Cross Mr J & Ms J Wigwams on West Highland Way 2,644 Crown Estate Commissioners Environmental improvements 3,723 Crown Estate Commissioners Ranger service 6,071 Curracag Western Isles Natural History Society Purchase of eguipment 119 Cuthbert Mrs C Rhododendron clearance 2,805 Cuthbertson Ms A Tree planting 578 Davies DEC Path repairs 21,150 Daws D Pond creation 247 DeWmton Mr A C P Farm conservation plan 200 Dean Mr S Fencing 571 DicksonW Dyke repairs 3,434 Douglas Crescent Gardens Association Woodland management 1,564 Douglas Mr & Mrs T G 0 Pond and gorse clearance 2,459 Douglas Mr C E Dyke restoration 850 Drummuir Castle Estate Car parking and access 764 Dumfnes & Galloway Raptor Study Group Monitoring of raven sites 1,000 Dunbeath Estate Drystone wall/fencing 1,219 Duncan Mr D Pond creation 750 Dunollie Estate Repairs and improvements to ferry 3,500 Dunskey Estate Ranger 995 Eagles Mr M B R Hedgerow planting 88 East Kilbride Development Corporation Woodland project 30,000 East Kintyre Community Council Production of a guide to Carradale 338

Balance carried forward £545,075 Balance brought forward £545,075 Applicant Project Paid (£) Easter Ross Environment Committee Development of natural systems 5,641 Edinburgh Greenbelt Trust Core costs 60,000 Edinburgh Greenbelt trust Hedgerow planting 4,536 Edinburgh Greenbelt Trust Project costs 24,823 Farming & Wildlife Advisory Group Partnership funding 342,500 Farquhar Mr S Restoration of Broomybrae wood 2,086 Ferguson Ms M Renew boardwalk 893 Fermi-Hamilton Grazyna Bothy at Traquair 13,152 Findlay Mr D Farm conservation plan 100 Findlay Mr J Management plan 958 Finlay J and Son Nature trail 4,552 Flynn Mr T Fencing, hedging & ponds 2,921 Forest Enterprise Construction of hide and pond 170 Forest Enterprise Footpath upgrading 7,321 Forest Enterprise Ranger service 3,000 Formarkin Trust Ranger service 6,114 Gairloch and District Heritage Society Car park and landscaping 6,090 Galloway House Gardens Trust Restoration of pond 362 Garson Mr F Farm conservation plan 200 Gatliffe Hebridean Hostels Trust Extension to hostel 12,184 Gauld Mr S V Tree planting 93 Gibbs Mr S C Repair of drystane dyke 1,211 Gibson A JG Deer exclosures 2,276 Gibson A J G Rhododendron control 975 Gilmerton Community Centre Compost wormery 42 Gilmour Mrs V J Improvement and extension of pond 561 Gladstone Andrew Rhododendron control 780 Glasgow Earl of Ranger service 16,347 Glasgow Earl of Toilet block at Kelburn 12,000 Glen Tanar Charitable Trust Ranger service 9,962 Glenalladale Estate Rhododendron control 420 Glencanisp and Drumrunie Deer Forest Trust Path repairs 7,295 Glencoe Estate Tree planting 338 Gleneagles Hotel Environmental management 3,420 58 Gordon AD Path reconstruction 1,135 Gordon Robert and John Dyking 458 GottMrAM Dry stane dyke building 251 Grant Mr J P Ranger service 25,372 Gray D Footpath 13,409 Greenhalgh Messrs D & J Nature trail and picnic site 1,080 Group for Recycling in Argyll & Bute Recycling officer 3,852 Guyer Robin Planting, rabbit fencing and weeding 1,133 HT Scotland Development worker 3,000 Hamilton Mr G Tree planting and hedging 908 Hamilton Mr J Pond creation 875 Harley Mrs Dyke repair 881 Harvey Mr J C Repairs to reservoir embankment 406 HastieDY Hedgerow planting 776 Hay I Tree planting 316 Highlands & Islands Enterprise Tourism and environment manager 8,000 Hoddom and Kinmount Estates Ranger 8,253 Holden Mr & Mrs Hedging 235 Home-Robertson J Wetland extension and planting 549 Hopetoun House Preservation Trust Ranger service 6,221 Horton Mr C M Rebuild drystane wall 900 Huntly Ltd Clashmach path, signposts, leaflets, etc 757 IAPGR Repair of holly hedge 439 Islay Land Use Forum Secretarial services 107 Jameson John VM Planting 3,106 John Muir Trust Countryside management officer 8,827 John Muir Trust Purchase of computer 820 John Swan & Sons pic Tree planting 26 Johnstone N Infilling of erosion hollow 677 Jura Community Council Eradication of knotweed 340 Keatley Grandchildren's Settlement Hedging 947 Keatley Grandchildren's Settlement Tree planting 366 Kelly D Pond creation 575 Kelvin Valley Countryside Project Access improvements 9,285 Kelvin Valley Countryside Project Amenity tree planting 1,874 Kelvin Valley Countryside Project Construction of a bridge 1,247 Kelvin Valley Countryside Project Footpath network improvements 10,225 Kelvin Valley Countryside Project Platform and link path 1,500 Kelvin Valley Countryside Project Replacement of bridge side rail 1,232 Kenyon Mr P Farm plan implementation 132

Balance carried forward £1,218,890 Balance brought forward £1,218,890 Applicant Project Paid (£) Kenyon Mr P Hedge extension 1,901 Ken Mr D Tree planting 126 Killiemore Ltd Clearance of whins 99 Kilmartin Glen Project Access and interpretation works 5,635 Kilpatricks Project Project costs 51,906 Kilpatricks Project Purchase of a minibus 7,997 Kinclune Lands Ltd Creation of pond 2,889 KIND (Scotland) Construction of footpath 2,276 Kinermony Ltd Farm conservation plan 194 Kingshill Woodland Initiative Tree planting and gravel path 5,800 Kinlochbervie Planning for Play Assoc Adventure playground 600 Kinlochleven Community Path improvements 10,000 Kinrosshire Community Action Project Community action officer 10,282 Kinrosshire Community Action Project Tree planting / footpath 6,848 Kippen Community Council Chainsaw wood sculptures 280 Kitchin Mrs P M Pond creation 1,051 Lamont Mr J Tree planting and road works 688 Lamont William Pond creation 1,116 Largie Estate Ltd Fencing 229 Lascelles Mrs C B Tree planting, handrails 1,606 Lauritzen J D Pond creation 8,982 Leeman Mr J Farm conservation plan 200 Leeming Mr J Solve access problems 1,091 Legbrannock Urban Fringe Park Phase II of park 45,000 LendrumDrA Deer and rabbit fencing 298 Lennox Estate Partnership Pond restoration 970 Leven Valley Initiative Access improvements 10,000 Leven Valley Initiative Information leaflet 1,500 Leven Valley Initiative Landscape history survey 1,600 Leven Valley Initiative Nature reserve leaflet 823 Leven Valley Initiative Production of four plaques 480 Leven Valley Initiative Replacement railings 4,500 Lindsay W Establishment of tree nursery 757 Lithgow Sir William Dyking 250 Livingston Development Corporation Killandean Burn Greenway 3,730 59 Livingston Development Corporation Works at Peel Park 3,633 Locheilside Crofters Trust Land purchase 7,957 Lochend T and Sons Hedge restoration 155 Logie Estate Estate conservation plan 150 Longbotham Mr John Tree planting and landscaping 296 Lorenzi Mr H Creation of hedgerows and shrubs 2,005 Lothian Conservation Volunteers Volunteer travel expenses 1,000 Lothian Estates Pond and planting 1,066 Lothians FWAG Trees for national tree walk 1,695 Lower Clyde River Valley Project Leaflet 1,220 Lower Clyde River Valley Project Planting of shrubs, footpath upgrade 5,000 Lower Clyde River Valley Project Topographical survey 2,655 LyellRt Hon The Lord Ditch clearing 227 MacGregor Dr R Establishment of RIGGS group 42 MacKenzie J Footpath work 25,474 MacKenzie Mr I Tree planting 307 MacMillan Mr G Ranger service 12,941 MacMillan Mrs M Hedging 1,480 MacMillan Mrs R A Restoration of hedgerows 1,225 MacPhail Mr and Mrs Pond extension 150 Manning Mr & Mrs D Hedgerow planting 968 Mar Lord Study on enhancement of pond 294 Marshall G Pond creation 450 Marygold Farming Ltd Fencing and dyke repair 240 Masson Sandra Develop nature trail 350 McDonald AN Picnic area 780 MclntyreMrAC Fencing 302 McLaren Mr and Mrs N P Manage wildflower meadow 318 McLatchie Mr R Hedge planting 325 McLean Smith Mr W Tree planting and walling 800 McMillan AD Pond creation 419 McMillan Mr G Add boardwalk and platforms to pond 1,265 McNeil Mr R Coppice stool management 779 McNicol J M and Co Dyke 600 Melville W Planting and fencing 711 Merkinch Community Council Create path 1,433 Messrs Boughen & Evans Loch creation 3,045 Mid Argyll Community Care Assoc Access survey on disabled people 480 Mid Clyde Project Path surfacing 35,000

Balance carried forward £1,527,831 Balance brought forward £1,527,831 Applicant Project Paid (£) Mid Clyde Project Project manager 6,096 Mid Clyde Project Purchase of vehicle 2,464 Mid Clyde Project Walk/cycleway 10,000 Millington Miss R Rebuilding of drystane dyke 560 Misslebrook Dr and Mrs Fencing and woodland management 1,235 Mitchell Mr & Mrs J Pond creation 2,832 Moray Estates Development Company Ranger service 12,630 Moray Estates Development Company Tree planting 1,293 Mount Stuart Trust Ranger service 2,068 Mugdock Country Park Bus service to link park and public transport 2,180 Myles Mr T Hedging, tree planting and fencing 7,740 Nairn Seafront Tourism Visitor facilities 5,000 National Trust for Scotland Computer package for ranger service 1,163 National Trust for Scotland Equipment for countryside centre 64 National Trust for Scotland Footpath works 74,645 National Trust for Scotland Grazing survey 3,482 National Trust for Scotland Monocular scope and car park netting 1,483 National trust for Scotland Purchase of van 3,579 National Trust for Scotland Ranger service 193,506 National Trust for Scotland Ranger vehicles 14,640 National Trust for Scotland Replace bridge 1,547 National Trust for Scotland Study of the designed landscape 2,239 Nelson Mrs J Y Footpath creation 2,008 Nethy Bridge Community Council Riverside walk 588 Nevis Range Development Co Path repairs 5,000 Nicholson A Fencing and planting 419 North Argyll Development Agency Landscaping of viewpoint 3,668 Northton Ranger service 300 Ochils Mountaineering Club Drainage at cottage 2,108 Ochils Mountaineering Club Refurbishment of extension 4,966 Ogilvie Dr MA Barn owl nesting sites 168 Orkney Field Club Computer purchase for species database 1,708 Orkney Field Club Native tree conservation strategy 627 Orr-Ewing Major E S Improvement to paths 375 Orr-Ewing Major E S Purchase of All Terrain Vehicle 963 60 Paintin Mr and Mrs Fencing of woodland 1,116 Pate Mr G B Planting 375 Paul Mr J & Son Amenity tree planting 537 Pentland Ltd Wildflower meadow 808 Perth & Kinross Heritage Trust Footpath improvement network 6,435 Plains Countryside Park Stock fence, hedging 1,177 Portree Pond Conservation Group Restore pond 4,628 Pottinger TB Tree planting, fencing and pond creation 1,403 Rankeilour Trust Wildlife ponds 1,866 Redmyre Farms Pond creation 1,484 Reforesting Scotland Synopsis of native tree workshop 300 Reid Mr D Tree planting 63 ReidMrDAG Pond creation 3,404 Reid Mr T Creation of small mixed native wood 399 Reid Mr TW Pond clearance and dam construction 484 Rendall Mr J N Farm conservation plan 200 Rescobie Loch Development Assoc Purchase of barley straw 455 Riley Smith Mr A Footpath repairs 10,136 Robinson Mr T Farm conservation plan 200 Rogers Mr R Rhododendron clearance 776 Rowcliffe Mrs L Tree planting 529 Roxburgh Woods Pond creation 147 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Fencing 1,267 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Hydrological evaluation 400 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Parking area and bird hide 3,113 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Repair work to reserve 565 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Rhododendron control 3,500 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds RSPB warden 7,299 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Toilet facilities 31,300 Rural Forum Scotland Forestry programme 3,172 Rural Forum Scotland Project officer / FORE 14,685 Ryan Mr and Mrs J V Tree nursery 907 Salvesen Mr N Tree planting and fencing, Quixwood ponds 9,562 SBE Broadleaved tree study 2,000 Scott Mr J G Tree planting 2,471 Scott Mr R PI Creation of trout loch 3,199 Scottish Agricultural College Fencing 473 Scottish Agricultural College Low cost accommodation(wigwams) 2,625 Scottish Borders Tourist Board Equestrian project 5,000

Balance carried forward £2,029,635 Balance brought forward £2,029,635 Applicant Project Paid (£) Scottish Borders Tourist Board Walking development officer 2,500 Scottish Borders Tourist Board Walking project 5,000 Scottish Conservation Projects Trust Purchase of equipment 1,579 Scottish Conservation Projects Trust Assess river quality, restock with salmon 5,000 Scottish Conservation Projects Trust Urban field officer 2,788 Scottish Crofters Union Project officer 1,849 Scottish Native Woods Project manager 11,369 Scottish Native Woods Regional coordinating officer 11,518 Scottish Scenic Trust Core funding 5,000 Scottish Tree Trust Botanical garden 1,494 Scottish Wildlife Trust Boardwalk and playtunnel 1,145 Scottish Wildlife Trust Computer purchase 1,386 Scottish Wildlife Trust Cutting and removal of hay 85 Scottish Wildlife Trust Fencing work 1,565 Scottish Wildlife Trust Field surveyor 39 Scottish Wildlife Trust Footpath improvements 700 Scottish Wildlife Trust Habitat management and access 1,610 Scottish Wildlife Trust Habitat survey work 5,000 Scottish Wildlife Trust Integrated monitoring scheme 137 Scottish Wildlife Trust Pond work 1,119 Scottish Wildlife Trust Purchase of computer equipment 666 Scottish Wildlife Trust Purchase of hand tools 450 Scottish Wildlife Trust Purchase of wood 6,900 Scottish Wildlife Trust Ranger service 66,038 Scottish Wildlife Trust Remove exotic species of tree 150 Scottish Wildlife Trust Rhododendron etc control 3,701 Scottish Wildlife Trust River Valleys officer 4,125 Scottish Wildlife Trust Summer warden 2,489 Scottish Wildlife Trust Survey 750 Scottish Wildlife Trust Travelling expenses 234 Scottish Wildlife Trust Urban field officer 5,612 Scottish Wildlife Trust Urban wildlife officer 816 Scottish Wildlife Trust Volunteer expenses 2,190 Scottish Woodlands Pond creation 1,035 Scottish Youth Hostel Association Upgrading programme 6,292 Shedden Mr J Pond restoration 598 61 Shell Property Co Ltd Hedgerow planting 3,003 Sherriff Mr R M Felling, fencing and planting 1,110 Shortland Mr E Tree planting, benches, signs, bridges 2,101 Sir Edmund Bacon's Trust Path repairs 26,949 Skye and Lochalsh Footpath Initiative Footpath improvements 10,000 Smith Mr I Groundworks 3,500 Smith Mr J Hedge planting 502 Smith Mr L Tree planting 128 Solway Heritage Clearance of pond, public access 4,033 Soord Mr M Farm conservation plan 188 Southerness Golf Club Restoration of sand dunes 449 Speedie Ms M Construction of boardwalk 2,916 Spence Mr Fencing and tree planting 356 Spokes Pathway Volunteers Footpath upgrading 5,249 St Mary and St Finnan RC Church Rhododendron control 626 Staffin Community Council Feasibility study. 1,425 Stirling Conservation Volunteers Vehicle hire for volunteers 292 Stirling Mrs H Repair of drystane dyke 5,301 Stomoway Trust Ranger service 9,026 Stornoway Trust Upgrade footpath 2,633 Strachan J Pond creation 113 Strathclyde Greenbelt Company Admin costs 35,000 Strathpeffer Community Council Path creation 706 Sustrans Scotland Path construction 15,000 Sustrans Scotland Rangers post 8,749 Sutherland Trust Management plan 1,500 Swanson D Woodland shelterbelt 909 Teviot Water Garden Path upgrading, information panels 3,907 Thomson Sir David Pond creation 385 Tilhill Economic Forestry Rhododendron clearance 838 Torbet Mr A Fencing 1,086 Transport for Leisure Countrygoer scheme 1,500 Trees for Life Assistance with volunteer work 3,086 Trees for Life Purchase vehicle 3,750 Troon Urban Wildlife Group Childrens gardening equipment 93 Troon Urban Wildlife Group Planting of native trees 379 Trustees of the Tenth Duke of Argyll Making rock faces safe 1,050 Turner MrT Creation of pond, tree planting and fencing 5,000

Balance carried forward £2,355,402 Balance brought forward £2,355,402 Applicant Project Paid (£) Twatt Mr A Pond creation 11,700 U A Forestry Ltd Exploratory works 232 Udny & Dudwick Estates Footpath network 1,279 Upper Donside Community Trust Strathfest funding 275 Unas nan Gearranan Travel and subsistence 86 Vint Mr T Pond creation 532 W Hailes Land Use Unit Environmental projects officer 4,500 Wallace Mr and Mrs R Creation of pond and wildlife area 450 West Linton Farmer Pond rehabilitation 775 Western Isles Skye and Lochalsh Leader Prog Comuinn eachdraidh 2,225 Western Isles Tourist Board Tourism development strategy 6,000 Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust Contribution to CMS partnership 271 William Prof B P Hedge and tree planting 404 Wills Major T Path repairs 13,729 Wilson Mr N K Improvement of wildlife area 162 Wilson Smith Lt Col Tree planting 199 Woodland Trust Purchase of tools, camera 341 WooHey BAR & Sons Farm conservation plan 200 Zwetsloot Mr A Pond creation 1,271 Sub total 2,400,033

Protecting Marine and Coastal Areas Buckley F M Beach cleaning 149 Coastal Heritage Forum Business plan 4,783 Dunfermline District Council Provision of Quay 892 Gardner Bill Seabird feasibility study 2,620 Marine Conservation Society Display material and boards 2,670 Marine Conservation Society Purchase of books 159 Merkinch Enterprise Sea wall improvements 5,000 Portpatrick Traders Assoc Restoration of beach 730 Scottish Wildlife Trust VMNR Warden 183 Sub total 17,186

Working With Local Authorities 62 Aberdeen District Council Ranger service 16,991 Aberdeen District Council Reprint Scotstown Moor LNR leaflet 430 Aberdeen District Council River Dee walkway 1,955 Angus District Council Alternative walkway 10,093 Angus District Council Development officer 4,840 Angus District Council Freshwater habitat improvements 3,000 Angus District Council Purchase of computer 1,142 Angus District council Ranger service 6,519 Angus District Council Visitor centre logo 271 Angus District Council Wildfowl survey 435 Argyll & Bute District Council Picnic area 4,961 Argyll & Bute District Council Port Ellen design strategy 1,725 Argyll & Bute District Council Tidy existing quarry 416 Argyll & Bute District Council Wildflower area 61 Badenoch & Strathspey District Council Provision of interpretive signs 3,400 Banff & Buchan District Council Ranger service 6,694 Barony College Seasonal ranger 764 Bearsden and Milngavie District Council Land improvement scheme 3,106 Borders Regional Council Beef conference 258 Borders Regional Council Capital projects - Southern Upland Way 37,001 Borders Regional Council Community education officer 100 Borders Regional Council Countryside site projects 4,094 Borders Regional Council Footpaths and bridgeworks 2,498 Borders Regional Council Marquee for Environment Week 355 Borders Regional Council Project offcer 3,970 Borders Regional Council R OW upgrade 674 Borders Regional Council Ranger service 35,622 Borders Regional Council Ranger walk booklet 1,199 Borders Regional Council Study project Tweed Festival 117 Borders Regional Council Tree planting 13,860 Borders Regional Council Visitor care assistant 1,453 Central Regional Council Footpath/cycleway provision 11,403 Central Regional Council Ranger service 23,146 Clackmannan District Council Acquire site, clearance, car park, grassing 7,750 Clackmannan District Council Computer system 1,150 Clackmannan District Council Erection of garages 8,000 Clackmannan District Council Interpretive boards 2,214 Clackmannan District Council Lease of land 300 Clackmannan District Council Mixed leisure route 5,900

Balance carried forward £22,867 Balance brought forward £22,867 Applicant Project Paid (£) Clackmannan District Council Portable display 2,000 Clackmannan District Council Publicity 2,998 Clackmannan District Council Ranger service 28,124 Clackmannan District Council Renewal of bridges and boardwalk 625 Clackmannan District Council Renovation of footpaths 5,409 Clydebank District Council Development of ecology park 25,105 Cumbernauld & Kilsyth District Council Ranger service 25,633 Dumbarton District Council Ranger service 17,290 Dumfries and Galloway Regional Council Guided walks booklet 865 Dumfries and Galloway Regional Council Walking / cycling route 750 Dumfries and Galloway Regional Council Beach management project 11,000 Dumfries and Galloway Regional Council Bird hide 606 Dumfries and Galloway Regional Council Construction of boardwalk 1,166 Dumfries and Galloway Regional Council Footpath & bridge repairs 9,418 Dumfries and Galloway Regional Council Interpretive leaflet 168 Dumfries and Galloway Regional Council Purchase of boat for ranger 4,304 Dumfries and Galloway Regional Council Ranger service 39,984 Dumfries and Galloway Regional Council Replacement of fishing piers 876 Dumfries and Galloway Regional Council Replacement of ranger vehicle 6,245 Dumfries and Galloway Regional Council SUW maintenance and minor works 6,917 Dumfries and Galloway Regional Council SUW maintenance ranger 1,193 Dumfries and Galloway Regional Council Tree planting 5,240 Dundee District Council Community woodland 4,144 Dundee District Council Footpath/ cycleway 51,242 Dundee District Council Interpretation boards and leaflets 2,500 Dundee District Council Paths, interpretation and habitat 12,319 Dundee District Council Ranger service 30,793 Dundee District Council Signs 625 Dundee District Council Upgrade computer software and hardware 1,742 Dundee District Council Wildflower garden competition 1,758 Dunfermline District Council Countryside woodland co-ordinator 1,369 Dunfermline District Council Improvements to footpath network 5,411 Dunfermline District Council Project officer 494 Dunfermline District Council Ranger service 16,453 Dunfermline District Council Tree planting and tool purchase 427 63 East Kilbride District Council Barrell bridge over Avon Water 15,000 East Kilbride District Council Ranger service 38,658 East Lothian District Council Car park 21,189 East Lothian District Council Hopetoun Monument interpretation 2,424 East Lothian District Council Longniddry Bents interpretive boards 2,417 East Lothian District Council Management costs 9,314 East Lothian District Council Railway walk user survey 6,576 East Lothian District Council Ranger service 50,531 Edinburgh District Council Bridle path 3,626 Edinburgh District Council Hedging 377 Edinburgh District Council Interpretive and management material 1,707 Edinburgh District Council Nature area 5,000 Edinburgh District Council Ranger service 32,513 Ettrick & Lauderdale District Council Scrub removal 234 Falkirk District council Management plan 4,433 Falkirk District Council Ranger service 12,413 Falkirk District Council Tree planting 74 Fife Regional Council Environmental awards 6,997 Fife Regional Council Environmental sampling and processing 2,000 Fife Regional Council Establishment of biological records centre 7,200 Fife Regional Council Habitat survey 560 Fife Regional Council New public right of way 825 Fife Regional Council Park staff costs 71,444 Fife Regional Council Ranger service 67,944 Glasgow District Council Ranger service 48,133 Gordon District Council Access officer 1,638 Gordon District Council Bennachie Centre development 47,084 Gordon District Council Ranger service 8,637 Grampian regional Council Deeside Way feasibility study 430 Grampian Regional Council Formartine & Buchan Way 7,699 Grampian Regional Council Planting 38,005 Grampian Regional Council Ranger service 43,290 Hamilton District Council Purchase of All Terrain Vehicle 3,089 Hamilton District Council Ranger service 23,970 Highland Regional Council Car park 10,735 Highland Regional Council CAT project officer 12,709 Highland Regional Council Drystane dyking 3,929 Highland Regional Council Footpath project officer 4,000 Highland Regional Council Footpath work 46,708

Balance carried forward £1,216,572 Balance brought forward £1,216,572 Applicant Project Paid (£) Highland Regional Council Great Glen Cycle Way study 1,567 Highland Regional Council Improve layby 6,615 Highland Regional Council Land purchase at Feshiebridge 6,000 Highland Regional Council Life project officer 30,000 Highland Regional Council Maintenance of Lairig Ghru footpath 9,555 Highland Regional Council Natural history display 353 Highland Regional Council Ralia Gateway Centre 15,424 Highland Regional council Ranger service 66,768 Inverclyde District Council Project costs 1,977 Irvine Development Corporation Ranger service 29,682 Kilmarnock & Loudon District Council Ranger service 29,917 Kincardine & Deeside District Council Off road cycling leaflet 2,108 Kincardine & Deeside District Council Ranger service 12,003 Kirkcaldy District Council Creation of wildflower meadow 3,600 Kyle & Carrick District Council Adder enclosure 123 Livingston Development Corporation Ranger service 13,895 Lothian Regional Council Computer equipment 2,500 Lothian Regional Council Dyking 2,621 Lothian Regional Council Farm management plans 1,818 Lothian Regional Council Footpath works 6,036 Lothian Regional Council Grounds for Awareness scheme 5,000 Lothian Regional Council Ranger base 10,620 Lothian Regional Council Ranger service 102,075 Midlothian District Council Footpath / cycleway 5,885 Midlothian District Council Leaflet and video - Vogrie C P 1,753 Midlothian District Council Ranger service 22,069 Midlothian District Council Track and embankment works 9,094 Monklands District Council Ranger service 25,372 Monklands District Council Stockproof fence 700 Moray District Council Maritime Heritage Centre 20,000 Moray District Council Ranger service 12,366 Moray District Council Speyside Way maintenance 24,865 Motherwell Distict Council Ranger service 10,433 Motherwell District Council Clyde Calders revenue costs 786 64 Motherwell District Council Project costs 29,326 Motherwell District Council Right of way 3,603 Nairn District Council Amenity planting 809 North East Fife District Council Computer equipment for ranger service 1,473 North East Fife District Council Purchase of vehicle 6,730 North East Fife District Council Ranger service 23,951 Orkney Islands Council Car park provision 8,152 Perth & Kinross District Council Car park development 1,871 Perth & Kinross District Council Ranger service 23,248 Perth & Kinross District Council Tree warden scheme 393 Renfrew District Council Project costs (Carts River) 8,151 Renfrew District Council Ranger service 24,712 Ross and Cromarty District Council Community archaeologist 2,282 Ross and Cromarty District Council Conservation officer 4,930 Ross and Cromarty District Council Exhibition 500 Roxburgh District Council Computer and map equipment 321 Roxburgh District Council Conservation exhibition 1,220 Skye and Lochalsh District Council Pathwork 3,800 Stirling District Council Feasibility study 4,545 Stirling District Council Footpath network design 8,290 Stirling District Council Project officer 6,000 Stirling District Council Ranger service 33,585 Stirling District Council Visitor survey 5,000 Stirling District Council Way marking 239 Stirling District Council Ranger Service Guide booklet 749 Stirling District Council Ranger Service Production of leaflet 693 Strathclyde Regional Council Feasibility study 1,500 Strathclyde Regional Council Greening the Conurbation brochure 7,365 Strathclyde Regional Council Interpretive display 15,000 Strathclyde Regional Council Lower Clyde project manager 7,655 Strathclyde Regional Council Maintenance West Highland Way 1,907 Strathclyde Regional Council Park staff costs 43,207 Strathclyde Regional Council Ranger service 242,915 Strathclyde Water Services Interpretive boards 8,178 Strathkelvin District Council Kelvin Valley core funding 3,037 Strathkelvin District Council Project costs 23,940 Tayside Regional Council Extension to ranger centre 15,732 Tayside Regional Council Ranger service 97,874 Tayside Regional Council Tree planting and conservation scheme 39,815 West Lothian District Council GIS operator 2,448

Balance carried forward £2,425,298 Balance brought forward £2,425,298 Applicant Project Paid (£) West Lothian District Council Projector 300 West Lothian District Council Ranger service 87,471 West Lothian District Council Replacement ranger service vehicle 4,199 West Lothian District Council Waterproof camera for fish farm 61 Sub total 2,517,329

Supporting the Central Scotland Woodlands Initiative CSCT Creation of wildlife area 699 CSCT Footpath works 2,701 CSCT Groundworks 2,859 CSCT Hedging 10,747 CSCT Maintenance work on 93/94 planting 316 CSCT Shelterbelt 575 CSCT Tree planting and fencing 8,460 Sub total 26,357

Advising on Natural Heritage Policy Development Friends of the Earth Sustainable Scotland Project 1,762 Highlands & Islands Forum Conference report 5,000 Highlands & Islands Forum Core Funding 15,000 Rural Forum Scotland Core funding 16,000 Sub total 37,762 TOTAL 6,8861,442

65 Loan Repayments to 31 March 1995

The loan charges are recurrent liabilities which continue to arise as a result of responsibilities transferred from the Scottish Development Department in the 1970s, in respect of local authority capital schemes funded by borrowing. Grant was offered against future interest and repayment costs on a fixed 25 or 35 year loan term. These loans charge liabilities will last until the year 2009. Recipient Description Annual Repayment (£) Angus District Council Caravan park facilities 1,372.32 Angus District. Council Caravan/camping site for travelling people 12,186.31 Argyll & Bute District Council Cafeteria and changing rooms 1,769.93 Borders Regional Council Public lavatories & litter bins 523.38 City cf Aberdeen Distnct Council Phase 2 - access improvements 2,018.09 City of Aberdeen Distnct Council Phase 1 - car parking facilities 960.95 City of Dundee District Council Lavatory facilities, car parking & building works 2,256.71 Culzean Country Park Joint Committee Building works at centre 62.53 Culzean Country Park Joint Committee Fire equipment 35.65 Culzean Country Park Joint Committee Building works 618.76 Culzean Country Park Joint Committee Sewage treatment plant 693.96 Culzean Country Park Joint Committee Formation of arched openings 120.13 Culzean Country Park Joint Committee Prime costs for centre 2,798.03 Culzean Country Park Joint Committee Roofing 141.14 Culzean Country Park Joint Committee Ironmongery and arched openings 247.60 Culzean Country Park Joint Committee Furnishings and floor coverings 244.38 Culzean Country Park Joint Committee Auditorium at centre 1,939.37 Cuizean Country Park Joint Committee Additional costs of stonework repairs 81.59 Culzean Country Park Joint Committee Electrical and general works 5,948.96 Culzean Country Park Joint Committee Professional fees 1,745.49 Culzean Country Park Joint Committee Exhibition in centre 1,176.87 Culzean Country Park Joint Committee Stonework contract 2,400.80 Cumbernauld & Kilsyth District Council Phase 1: habitat improvements 1,044.50 66 Cumbernauld & Kilsyth District Council Construction of interpretive centre & access roads 7,052.36 Cumbernauld & Kilsyth District Council Access roads & car parking 6,165.79 Cumbernauld & Kilsyth District Council Car parking picnic furniture 5,381.47 Cumbernauld & Kilsyth District Council Construction of lavatory block 916.65 Cumnock & Doon Valley District Council Construction of lavatory block 1,218.02 Dumbarton District Council Replace lavatories 1,679.59 East Lothian District Council Picnic area, access improvements 5,277.19 Falkirk District Council Land purchase 7,586.11 Fife Regional Council Car parking facilities & lavatories 2,725.92 Fife Regional Council Restoration of Mary Pithead Gear 825.15 Fife Regional Council Additional costs for Mary Pithead 206.39 Fife Regional Council Tree planting 3,671.65 Grampian Regional Council Phase 2: provision of services 5,419.84 Grampian Regional Council Additional campsite facilities 1,194.41 Grampian Regional Council Phase 2: lavatory blocks & showers 5,174.75 Grampian Regional Council Electrical work in lavatory block 257.28 Highland Regional Council Harbour restoration, lavatory block, access roads & parking 1,863.86 Highland Regional Council Lavatory block and access road 6,121.83 Monklands District Council Parking, site clearance, excavation, land drainage & retaining walls 14,073.85 Moray District Council Lavatories, access road, parking signs & professional fees 1,667.98 Orkney Islands Council Development of camping/caravan site 776.68 Perth & Kinross District Council Roadside reception centre including land purchase 669.67 Perth & Kinross District Council Tree planting 49.53 Perth & Kinross District Council Lavatory block 1,790.65 Renfrew District Council Land purchase for extension to country park 10,874.78 Roxburgh District Council Caravan and camping site 6,743.64 Strathclyde Regional Council 1976 works 117,788.54 Strathclyde Regional Council Improvements & extension of car park 473.84 Strathclyde Regional Council 1974 works 64,500.57 Strathclyde Regional Council Provide information centre & interpretive display 242.55 Strathclyde Regional Council Interpretive/information centre including car park & access 2,726.91 Strathclyde Regional Council Land works including acquisition of engineering works 2,669.96 Strathclyde Regional Council 1975 works 107,131.00 Strathclyde Regional Council Lavatory facilities 1,438.61 West Lothian District Council Interpretive display centre 16,262.00 West Lothian District Council Land purchase 244.37 Wigtown District Council Car parking & lavatory provision 1,097.84 Total 454,348.68 Redemption of Loans

During 1994/95 SNH redeemed 17 of the outstanding local authority loans. The discount factor was agreed with The Scottish Office and results in reduced future year commitments for SNH. Recipient Loan Description Amount Paid(C)

Angus District Council Caravan park facilities 7,221.36 Angus District Council Caravan/camping site for travelling people 96,721.88 City of Aberdeen District Council Phase 1 - car parking facilities 6,251.20 City of Aberdeen District Council Phase 2 - access improvements 13,855.37 City of Dundee District Council Lavatory facilities, car parking & building works 12,701.92 Falkirk District Council Land purchase 57,810.06 Highland Regional Council Lavatory block & access road 37,654.84 Kilmarnock & Louden District Council Land purchase & professional fees 199,393.99 Monklands District Council Parking, site clearance, excavation, land drainage & retaining walls 114,897.88 Strathclyde Regional Council Improvements & extension of car park 2,972.83 Strathclyde Regional Council 1973 works - road, parking, caravan/camping site 144,199.22 Strathclyde Regional Council Land purchase including acquisition of engineering works 16,285.15 Strathclyde Regional Council Interpretive/information centre including car park & access 17,607.67 Strathclyde Regional Council Lavatory facilities 2,697.01 Strathclyde Regional Council Information centre & interpretative display 1,566.13 Strathkelvin District Council Tree planting & landscaping 98,755.89 Wigtown District Council Car parking & lavatory provision 5,375.39

Total 835,967.79

67 Research Contracts Awarded

External Contracts

Contractor Project Budget (£)

Promoting Biodiversity Adams DrH Database on Scottish rare plants 1,300 Averts B Identification of bryophytes from Mingulay and Bemeray 500 Averts B Bryophyte survey, Gannochy Gorge SSSI 500 Averts B Vegetation survey of South Mull 19,370 Averts Dr A Springs and Flushes booklet 500 Bailey Signs Bat labels 560 Baldwin DrI Annotated inventory of Scotland's spiders 1,250 Balharry L Pine martens 10,846 Balharry L Defleshing skeletal material for wildcat project 988 Barbour Dr D Invertebrate Conservation Strategy Phase II 1,000 Bland P K Entomological surveys, Perth and Kinross 400 Botanical Society of Scotland Survey of size/sex of SalixLanata in Scotland 488 Botanical Society of the British Isles Action plans for rare vascular plants 2,937 Boyd-Wallis W Small mountain ringlet butterfly; Creag Meagaidh 2,615 Brice J Squirrel management 1,000 Butterfly Conservation Trust Survey of slender striped Rufous moth 1,826 Chester College Snowbed Myxomycetes 490 Coulston DrJ Baseline survey of invertebrates in a selection of Skye peatlands 200 Dargie T Review restructure update on ecological interpretation 705 Dumfries and Galloway Regional Council Dumfries and Galloway study 5,623 Ecos Ltd West Fife lowland heaths 3,600 Ecosurveys Ltd Clackmannan river corridors 3,760 Ecosurveys Ltd Clackmannan rivers, species lists and map production 1,000 Ellis S Reintroduction of Northern Brown Argus Butterfly 200 English Nature Recorder support 10,254 68 Environmental Resources Management Scoping study 9,899 Environmental Resources Management Environmental audit and assessment concepts, measures, practices, initiatives 9,803 Fair Isle Bird Observatory Seabird diet studies: Fair Isle 294 Ferreira DrREC Survey of vegetation in Sutherland 1,093 Findlayson I Computer programming 500 Findlayson I Shad and smelt in the Cree Estuary 500 Forestry Commission Below ground biodiversity-literature review 866 Forth River Purification Board Menteith aquatic invertebrates 2,200 Freshwater Fisheries Laboratory Loch Leven juvenile brown trout 5,000 Gillespies Shetland Islands 26,069 Green Associates Aerial survey of sea duck 529 Green Associates Lowther Hills vegetation survey 627 Green Associates Vegetation survey of Clyde - Muirshiel Regional Park 12,869 Green Associates Vegetation survey of Eldrick Hill 3,090 Halcrow V Monitoring projects : Strathspey 1,000 Hamilton A Presentation and analysis of ecological field data from threatened plant populations. 1,500 Harper DrMW Survey of Lepidoptera: Kincraig Woods, Creag Dubh 2,000 Harris M Badger casework in Lanark/Paisley 350 Harris M Small blue butterfly survey 500 Harris M Seabird population monitoring 2,500 Harris Professors Badgers 5,035 Harris RA Monitoring of Primula scotica 1,000 Herpetofauna Consultants Distribution and status of marine turtles in Scottish waters 938 Herpetofauna Consultants Home range size of Scottish amphibians and reptiles 938 Herpetofauna Consultants Distribution and status of great crested newt in Scotland 938 Herpetofauna Consultants Pitmeddan amphibians 1,938 Hogg S An investigation of terrestrial invertebrates on St Kilda 597 Hogg S Monitoring of Loch Flemington invertebrates 558 Horns Environmental Research An audit of natural heritage interpretation in Shetland 640 Initiative for Scottish Insects Tay reed beds invertebrate survey 3,000 Institute of Environmental Assessment Statistics on environmental assessment 1,058 Institute of Freshwater Ecology Loch Leven bethnic invertebrates 6,815 Institute of Freshwater Ecology Loch Leven sediment samples 6,000 Institute of Freshwater Ecology Algal monitoring - Loch Leven 1,005 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Capercaillie: status and habitat needs 6,000 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Status and management of the small ringlet butterfly 20,036 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Pine marten contract 3,950

Balance carried forward £213,547 Balance brought forward £213,547 Contractor Project Budget (£) Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Review of implementation of diurnal Lepidoptera 16,475 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Beaver reintroduction: literature review 2,500 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Invertebrate fauna associated with birch in spruce forests 45,090 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Biogeographical zones 5,101 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Capercaillie report: Balmoral Estate 2,000 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology St.Cyrus: small blue butterfly survey 1994 398 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Winter moth outbreaks on Orkney moorlands 419 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Loch Leven - cormorants 1,762 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Spatial modelling of capercaillie numbers in relation to changes in climate 4,940 Jamieson G Wildcat analysis 5,000 Karen Chambers Associates Lowland/upland grassland survey of Renfrew and Inverclyde 4,250 Kinns J Goose management issues 500 Kinns J Database of all squirrel records 700 Macaulay Land Use Research Institute An evaluation of heather moorland 9,939 Macaulay Land Use Research Institute Biogeographical zones 2,500 Macaulay Land Use Research Institute Maps of red & grey squirrels and pine marten in Scotland 2,000 MacCallum E / Campbell W Tiree Goose survey 351 Macdonald L Range use by golden eagles 900 Maitland DrP Loch Leven invertebrate specification 200 Maitland DrP Survey of Powan & Arctic charr nursery grounds in Loch Eck 6,000 Malloch Society Invertebrate conservation strategy 1,500 Masons Land Survey NCMS digitising 1994/5 12,373 Morrison B Loch Leven trout diet analysis 1,064 Murray S Bass Rock gannets 400 Natural History Museum Confidential review of Killamey fern in Scotland 900 O'Dare A M Lichen survey, Dinnet Oakwood 525 O'Dare A M Milton Wood bryophytes 900 Plantlife Status of mountain scurvy grass 1,958 Plantlife UK plant conservation strategy 500 Price D Loch Leven diving ducks 622 Prior A Population monitoring of tysties: Shetland 2,154 Ravenscroft N Invertebrate conservation strategy 500 Rotheray G Myretoun Wood Saproxylic insects 560 Rothero G Durness golf course bryophytes survey 525 Royal Botanic Gardens Site conservation of Woodsia ilvensis 500 69 Royal Botanic Gardens Cryptogamic conservation 18,000 Royal Botanic Gardens Review and survey of Red Data Book plants 6,407 Royal Museum of Scotland Red Data Book insects 2,215 Royal Museum of Scotland Invertebrate conservation strategy 4,850 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Reintroduction of red kite in Scotland 6,000 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Hen Harriers in Orkney 2,939 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Slamannan plateau Bean Goose research project 6,643 Sandwich Bay Observatory Survey of seabirds of Scanda and associated islands 500 Scottish Agricultural College Impact of invasive plants on the riverine flora 2,937 Scottish Agricultural College Post mortem on dead turtle 200 Scottish Agricultural Statistics Service Analysis of wildcat data 10,840 Scottish Omothologists Club Whooper swans in Renfrew 900 Sea Mammal Research Unit Grey seal research in North Rona, Isle of May and Monach Isles 1,000 Shaw A Wintering birds of Lewis and Harris coastal sites 2,250 Simpson & Brown Architects Ltd Bat roost conversions 5,200 Soulsby J Loch Leven gabions 9,700 Stewart N Survey of Red Data Book charophytes : Orkney 650 Sullivan C Identification of invertebrate species from habitats on St Kilda 300 Sullivan C Dalkeith Oakwood insects 500 Sullivan C Thanatophilus dispar survey: Loch Leven 500 Summers A Howierigg bird survey 200 Swan Dr M J S Amphibian survey of urban/peri-urban ponds 5,233 Taylor S Breeding eiders - Isle of May 200 Thompson Dr K R Corncrake management proposals 1,500 University of Aberdeen Monitoring of a goose management sheme 2,483 University of Aberdeen Survey of Dactylorhiza lapponica 500 University of Aberdeen Review of Biogeographical Zones in Scotland 5,139 University of Aberdeen Reproductive biology and morphological variability in Lapland marsh orchid 543 University of Aberdeen Aerial survey of bankside vegetation 2,836 University of Edinburgh Rare higher plant populations 17,555 University of Glasgow The spawning habitat of Arctic charr in Loch Grirlsta 864 University of Newcastle The distribution of squirrels in the Clyde Valley 3,245 University of Oxford Beaver reintroduction:literature review 2,500 University of Stirling Moorland audit and management in the Northern Isles 13,688 Various Review and survey of scarce vascular plants 4,331 Various MSc projects 1,050 Various Squirrels 7,000 Watson K Epipactis Youngiana on Bardykes Bing 200

Balance carried forward £501,151 Balance brought forward £501,151 Contractor Project Budget (C) Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust White-fronted geese on Islay 2,494 Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust Monitoring of wintering grey goose populations in Scotland 11,388 Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust Population dynamics of geese 14,100 Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust Loch Leven catchment: goose utilisation 14,700 Windermere Laboratory Zooplankton monitoring - Loch Leven 7,872 Young DrM Burnet moth leaflet 400 Yule B Tayside osprey survey 500 Sub total 552,605 Managing Special Natural Heritage Sites Applied Environmental Research Centre Identification of spawning areas of Allis and Twaite in Cree Estuary 8,676 Babtie Geotechnical Roscobie quarry - hydrology 4,935 Biomar Broad scale mapping of intertidal/subtidal areas of the Berwickshire coast 6,536 Biomar Advice on methods for intertidal and subtidal habitat surveys 1,000 Boyle J Uist wader survey 1,568 Bragg 0 Flanders Moss hydrological connections 3,000 Brooks B Ardgour native pinewoods NVC survey 2,965 Brown E Survey and review of data on grey seal populations in Shetland 450 Brown H Inchcoonans (part 3) 998 CanoH H Map analysis and loch coding for freshwater loch survey 650 CDD Ltd Digitising of NVC maps 4,650 Cobham Resource Consultants River corridor surveys in Scotland 76,994 Corbett N Aberlady tems 1,340 Countryside Council for Wales Sensitivity of marine communities to man-induced change 5,000 Dargie T Completion of the sand dune vegetation survey of Scotland 21,503 Dargie T The past and present status of juniper and gorse on part of the Morrich More SSSI 500 Darling I Isle of May ornithological records 300 David Tyldesley Associates Scottish local authorities handbook - N2K/habitats directive and regulations 994 Davies J Sercon Project 2,603 Dingwall C Landscape design, Gannochy Gorge SSSI 300 Ecosurveys Ltd River corridor surveys in Scotland 2,172 Ecosurveys Ltd Vegetation mapping of upland and flush mire sites 7,059 70 Edgar A Glen Feshie monitoring 3,500 Ennos DrR Origin of Linneraineach pines, Inverpolly NNR 1,000 Environment Resource Technology Ltd Broad scale habitat mapping of intertidal/subtidal coastal areas (b) Loch Laxford and Loch Eriboll 47,624 Fuller I Broad scale habitat mapping and seaweed resource assessment of the intertidal areas of Loch Sunart and Loch Teacius 9,900 Green Associates Breeding wader and upland bird survey 67,235 Green Associates Winter birds surveyl994/95 21,384 Green Associates Blanket bog site surveys 28,241 Halcrow V Morrich More SSSI: management recommendations for the heathland 1,500 Hardy R Inventory of earth science sites - Dundee 4,080 Harris M Isle of May gull monitoring 5,700 Harris M Gull populations - Isle of May 4,800 Harris R A/Jones RM Grassland monitoring transect: Hill of White Hamars 350 Hatman W The Lochy project 492 Hawker D Blanket bog site surveys 9,696 Heriot Watt University Mapping of the distribution of the serpulid reefs in Loch Creran 15,000 Hogarth B Corrie Fee monitoring 1,625 Hogarth B Barry Links SSSI collation 1,650 Hopkins I Wildfowl surveys of Central Lochs Bute SSSI 1,060 Howson C Marine SACs briefs 16,150 Institute of Freshwater Ecology Shad and smelt in the Cree Estuary 2,867 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Glas Maol monitoring study 8,131 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Optimising upland habitat mosaics 11,985 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Shad and smelt in the Cree Estuary 10,440 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Identification of key habitat types essential to otter populations 11,993 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Blanket bog site surveys 29,765 J Blakely Management Services Project management for Natura 2000 17,250 MacHardy C Phase 1 survey of Gigha 260 MacNeil D Hydrological monitoring of Duich Moss 386 Maitland DrP Shad and smelt in the Cree Estuary 8,945 Maitland DrP Sercon Project 5,004 Maitland DrP Guidelines for IEA to assess freshwater fish populations 175 Maitland DrP The fresh waters of Shetland 1,190 McKenzie N Management requirements and ecology of bog woodland in Scotland 6,999 Morrison S/Ryan C Survey of recreation on Northton SSSI and Traigh na Berie pSSSI 4,854 National Remote Sensing Centre Application of remote sensing to habitat mapping and monitoring 11,730 Northern Ecological Services Vegetation mapping of upland and flush mire sites 9,049 O'Dare A M Argyll & Bute SSSI lichen survey 4,214

Balance carried forward £540.417 Balance brought forward £540,417 Contractor Project Budget (£)

Patterson IB Inchcoonans (part2) 3,500 Photoair Ltd 1994 aerial photography programme 21,036 Quick RJE Uist wader survey 927 Ravenscroft N Marsh fritillary butterfly 8,269 Rothero G Argyll & Bute SSSI bryophyte survey 2,800 Rowell T Sercon project 8,999 Rowell T Blanket bog site surveys 588 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Winter birds survey 4,513 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds National survey of red throated divers 30,000 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds National survey of black throated divers 14,500 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Shetland and Orkney arctic tern survey 15,500 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds National merlin survey 1993-95 5,000 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Winter monitoring of wildfowl in the Moray Firth 2,500 Scottish Chough Group 1994 survey of breeding choughs on Mull of Oa 1,225 Scottish Office Agriculture and Fisheries Department Study of the impact of suction and tractor dredging for cockles 30,000 Scottish Office Agriculture and Fisheries Department Ballast water discharges 5,000 Scottish Office Agriculture and Fisheries Department Habitat assessment and survey of lamprey techniques 7,240 Sea Mammal Research Unit Recommendations and options for the sustainable management of discrete seal populations 15,500 Shine DrA The Loch Ness and Morar Project 2,000 Survey and Development Services Ltd Conversion of upland survey maps into a digital form 27,906 Survey and Development Services Ltd Digital capture of SNH woodland database 3,055 Survey and Development Services Ltd. River Spey - Insh Marshes transect survey 9,219 Touchstone Heritage Consultants Local interpretive strategy for Loch Maree basin 2,500 Tumbull Jeffrey Partnership Torosay Castle landscape management 2,217 University of Aberdeen Recommendations for the sustainable management of the bottlenose dolphin in the Moray Firth 10,650 University of Aberdeen Waders and wildfowl on the Ythan Estuary 3,388 University of Aberdeen Nesting distribution and nesting success of eiders on Forvie NNR 1,826 University of Aberdeen Snowbeds and pollution 500 University of Aberdeen Purchase of GPS collars 13,786 University of Durham Functional needs of peatland animals 53,400 University of Glasgow Morrich More SSSI 690 University of Hull Broad scale habitat mapping of intertidal/subtidal coastal areas (a) Solway Firth 45,764 71 University of Keele Review of lewisian GCR network 500 University of Lancaster NVC grassland project 1,414 University of Manchester Review of dalradian GCR network 500 University of Newcastle Sustainable management of lugworms in Tons Warren/Luce Sands SSSI 500 University of Stirling Keen of Hamar CASE studentship 3,000 University of Stirling Monitoring of water quality: Loch of Harray and Stenness 3,410 University of Stirling Sercon project 953 University of Strathclyde Leakage from Loch Lomond NNR embankment system 900 Wanless DrS Gannet census on St. Kilda 1,000 Wanless DrS Gannet survey on Sula Sgeir 2,080 West London Institute Identification of the geomorphological resource and its sensitivity 8,631 Wheeler B Ardblair fen plant remains 1,000 Wheeler &Tratt Basin mires 3,000 Woodward FR Survey and monitoring of the freshwater pearl mussel in Scotland 11,900 Wormell P Isle of Rum NNR: woodland restoration 950 Sub total 934,153

Facilitating the Management of Key Areas Environmental Systems Research Institute UK Purchase of ARCTIN licence and software 3,643 Institute of Hydrology Cairngorms environmental change network 400 Institute of Hydrology Review of airborne pollution studies in the Cairngorms 2,874 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Cairngorms footpath study 7,250 Macaulay Land Use Research Institute Opportunities for better footpath provision in the Cairngorms 15,118 Macaulay Land Use Research Institute Digital capture of the native woods of Deeside and Strathspey 1,777 National Museum of Scotland Cairngorms invertebrates: a working inventory 5,760 Pathcraft Ltd A survey of the condition and dynamics of upland footpaths in the Cairngorms 13,216 Photoair Ltd Air photography 964 Posford Duvivier Terrain model interface for landscape assessment 5,767 Royal Botanic Gardens Inventory of restricted lower plants - larger fungi and lichens 4,684 Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland Hire of aerial photographs 1,692 Scottish Office Cairngorms Project 12 (Phase 1: Digital capture of ancient woodlands inventory) 4,900 Scottish Office Agriculture and Fisheries Department Native woodland expansion 10,000 SDS Ltd Phase 3:Digital capture of SNH woodland database 6,757 Turnbull Jeffrey Partnership Landscape assessment (Loch Lomond andTrossachs Project) 21,103 University of Aberdeen Visitor survey - Lochnagar 8,384 University of Coventry Cairngorms footpath study 870 Sub total 115,159 Contractor Project Budget (£) Resolving Access Issues Cobham Resource Consultants Recreational use of Loch Awe 11,845 Countryside Commission UK day visit survey 23,983 Harris M Balkello Hill visitor survey 2,000 Kit Campbell Associates Advice on preparing recreation and access strategies 10,152 Market Research Speyside Way user survey 13,865 Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust Impact of recreational disturbance on bird populations 9,800 Sub total 71,645 Improving Environmental Education British Geological Survey Landscape Fashioned by Geology series 23,302 Council for Environmental Education My First Nature Book 738 Ecos Ltd Dolphin awareness 1,956 Harris M School grant evaluation 1,050 James Thin My First Nature Book 2,721 Learning Through Landscapes Grounds for Learning: Partnership Project 13,750 McHroy Coates Books for environmental community chest 1,313 MNT Consultants Environmental education coverage and potential within outdoor education 13,980 Scott Dr S Draft text and illustrations for booklet in Scotland's Natural Habitats series 1,000 Stevens P A field guide to habitat conditions 5,950 University of Cambridge Preparation of text for booklet in the Scotland's Wildlife series on seals 1,000 Wood Gee V ESA Handbooks 15,105 Sub total 81,865 Assisting Land Managers A & M Training and Development Natural heritage in and around settlements :policy framework public consultation 6,171 Aitken B Footpath management project 22,673 Atkins W S Inverness landscape 7,890 Bragg 0 SE Region raised bogs 13,880 Cook DrK Farmer consultation workshop 18,075 Countryside Commission Adjustment of farm businesses to reformed CAP 20,000 72 Dale K St Margarets Marsh survey 500 David Tyldesley Associates Legacy of the Land - drafts for 2 annexes 1,469 David Tyldesley Associates Loch Leven landscape assessment 11,750 Dawson K TIBRE: Summary and assessment 11,879 Dawson K TIBRE: Farmer consultation workshop 15,223 Donaldson S Photo monitoring, Central Region 2,025 Donaldson S Photo monitoring, Fife 1,400 Ecos Ltd Schiehallion footpath monitoring 750 Farming and Wildlife Advisory group Management of field margins in Mainz 235 Forestry Authority An ecological site classification for forestry 1,250 Forestry Commission Invertebrate fauna associated with birch in spruce forests 500 Forestry Commission Forest - people in rural areas 500 Forestry Commission Pine seed viability 3,471 Forth River Purification Board Gartmom Dam 1,175 Forth River Purification Board Loch Leven, water quality monitoring 4,700 Frank Calder, Brechin and Castle Enterprises River of Mark restoration 9,000 Game Conservancy Trust Effects of predators on grouse and moorland waders 8,000 Game Conservancy Trust Impact of deer fences on woodland grouse 7,500 Game Conservancy Trust Beetle banks - a demonstration in Scotland 7,000 Garden J Report on the establishment of monitoring plots at Norwick Meadows, Shetland 865 Gould Rural Options for change in the CAP beef regime 12,670 Gould Rural Summary and assessment 7,116 Green Associates Falkirk North Phase 2 survey 5,910 Green Associates Falkirk South Phase 1 survey 13,500 Green Touch Synopsis of the country agencies' views on agricultural policy 4,806 Hardy D Land use survey of the Loch Ussie catchment 1,200 Harvey Maps Services Community paths - prototype maps 11,200 Hawker D Stewartry ESA Grassland survey 1,890 Heriot Watt University Ecological planting design 2,995 Hipkin DrA Advice on soils 160 Hirst DrD Effect of cattle grazing on vegetation on Rum 6,012 Holmes N Tweed habitat enhancement 2,350 Hutcheon K Updating forestry database in Skye and Lochalsh District 975 InglisA Briefing workshop on P.RA. 203 Institute for European Environmental Policy Preliminary studies for the development of a network of climax and natural forests in Scotland 17,591 Institute of Hydrology Advice notes - rivers under catchment 1,938 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Scoping study for the development of a standing waters database 8,222 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Land cover comparison tables 3,633

Balance carried forward £280,252 Balance brought forward £280,252 Contractor Project Budget (C) Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Phase 1: Dee catchments database 5,500 Lewis and Harris Cattle Producers Group Feasibility study into development of cattle production in Lewis and Harris 2,250 Macaulay Land Use Research Institute Fire management of western vegetation 18,475 Macaulay Land Use Research Institute MLURI Maps 3,900 McLeary J Extension of St Medans golf course 118 McNeill H Red Deer and the Natural Heritage 111 Nautilus Consultants An economic assessment of the major land uses in the uplands 9,894 Nortchiff S Soils booklet 1,750 Open University Synergistic interactions among new technologies for arable farming in Scotland 10,355 Organic Sheep Society A guide to the management of organic grassland in Scotland 778 Organic Sheep Society Herbage production from organic farms 1,120 Pathcraft Ltd Ben Vorlich and Stue a Chroin footpaths 806 Peter Scott Planning Developing local footpath networks 10,146 Posford Duvivier Land cover of Scotland statistics reporting module 1,005 Pullen D Montane ecology - survey 7,684 Rae S Montane ecology - survey 4,990 Rivington M Items for use with Psion 3A 450 Roberts M Water level monitoring, Orkney 490 Robertson T Sheep energetics 500 Schmidt Electronics Visitor monitoring - Pressure pad people counters 2,722 Scottish Agricultural College The management of long term set-aside for nature conservation 32,000 Scottish Agricultural College Research on the Islay goose model 235 Scottish Agricultural College Development of the Islay goose model 5,975 Scottish Agricultural College Sheep economics seminar 153 Scottish Agricultural College Testing of the MLURI hill grazing management model 18,095 Scottish Office Agriculture and Fisheries Department Trottemish Ridge land management study 5,875 Scottish Rights of Way Society Rights of way and footpath mapping 16,000 Scottish Wildlife Trust Land use survey of Grampian mires 4,000 Smith R Catchment history and sediment of Carlingwark Loch 50 Solway River Purification Board/Hawker D Nutrient assessment of two Dumfries & Galloway lochs 2,615 Stoneman Mrs J Importance of headland/grassland mosaics for wheatears 400 UK2000 Countryside Around Towns 15,000 University of Aberdeen Implied consent to be on land 5,000 University of Cambridge Sex ratio manipulation and monitoring of red deer on Rum 23,000 73 University of Cambridge Fire management of western vegetation 4,759 University of Edinburgh The genetics & silviculture of Scottish aspen 800 University of Glasgow Soft or alternative engineering for hazardous reaches of dynamic gravel bed rivers 12,454 University of St Andrews Geomorphological sensitivity and conservation of active river systems 11,000 Walton D Photo monitoring: Lothian and Borders 2,420 Wiley J Sons Freshwaters in Scotland - reprints 200 Worrell R Revision of SNH ground preparation report 490 Sub total 524,483

Protecting Marine and Coastal Areas Armstrong McCaul Biological Consultants Impact of Barnacle geese feeding on the Solway 5,660 British Trust for Ornithology Effects of dredging for cockles on wildfowl and waders on the Solway 1,048 Centre for Environmental Management Review of literature on Clyde estuary ecosystem 1,699 Chambers A Hydrology equipment 8,805 Dalby DrDH Coastal lichen studies of areas affected by oil from the Braer 394 Drive Islay Marine survey of Loch Indaal, Islay 500 Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory The recovery of sea loch benthos under fish farms during fallowing 5,875 English Nature Basking Shark tagging programme 600 ESRIUK Computer equipment 28,724 Green Associates Maritime Heath monitoring project 3,000 Ham well R Gullane dunes coastal processes 4,480 Heriot Watt University The use of environmental evaluation in the Firth of Forth - Phase 2 4,240 Joint Nature Conservation Committee West coast directory 2,000 Joint Nature Conservation Committee Wildlife sensitivity for oil and gas exploration 1,000 Jones A Montrose Basin monitoring 4,051 Jones A Eden Estuary monitoring 3,800 Marine Seen Impact of eutrophication by domestic sewage effluent in Whiteness Voe MCA 12,519 RED Marine survey 9,830 RSK Environment Recovery of sites affected by civil engineering projects 19,123 University of Edinburgh Review of interpretative facilities in the marine and coastal environment 9,371 University of St Andrews Advice notes - coastal processes and landforms 1,960 Wallingford H R Defining coastal cells in Scotland 30,400 Wallingford H R Survey of coastal erosion in the Western Isles 14,500 Wallingford H R Coastal management in Ayrshire 7,350 Walton D Survey specification for vegetation mapping of coastal sites 2,205 Sub total 183,134 Contractor Project Budget (£) Working with Local Authorities ASH Consultants Borders landscape assessment 29,500 Beauly Firth Steering Group Feasibility study of the Beauly Firth as a pLNR 2,500 Cobham Resource Consultants Clyde- Muirshiel Regional Park landscape assessment 3,045 David Tyldesley Associates Natural heritage resource assessment for planning authorities 28,874 David Tyldesley Associates Scottish local authorities handbook;part II appendices 5,100 Duncan of Jordanstone College Development strategy for LNRs in Scotland 10,636 Dunfermline District Council Dunfermline planning 2,940 Forgewood Market Research West Highland Way user survey 2,572 Holmes DrT Scottish Local Authorities Handbook 4,625 Ironside Farrar Water of Leith Action Plan 8,640 Karen Chambers Associates Community woodlands 11,584 Land Use Consultants Landscape character assessment of Dumfries and Galloway 7,402 Land Use Consultants Landscape character assessment of Knapdale NSA 8,307 Land Use Consultants Landscape assessment: Hoy and West Mainland (Orkney) 11,486 Mellor P Advice on Local Government 300 Sports Council Countryside Recreation Network 37,815 System 3 Scotland Long distance footpaths 3,455 Sub total 178,781

Delivering Special Nature Conservation Functions English Nature Pollution lead agency 576 Sub total 576

Advising on Natural Heritage Policy Development BDOR Sustainable city: Local agenda 21 10,075 CAG Consultants Sustainability in decisions 17,830 Cobham Resource Consultants Permeable surfaces 4,635 Garden History Society Historic gardens and designed landscapes survey in Strathclyde 1,825 Garden History Society Researching historic gardens in Scotland 1,000 Garden History Society Historic gardens and designed landscapes in Dumfries & Galloway 3,096 Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Exploring natural heritage resource renewability 10,943 Kelton A A new interpretation of the precautionary principle 3,750 University College Wales Developing an holistic approach to the concept of environmental quality 10,110 74 University of Dundee Integrated catchment management 9,030 University of Stirling Values,beliefs and the environment - an economic analysis 4,080 Sub total 76,374

Increasing Efficiency, Effectiveness and Economy Halcrows Geographically based audit methods 397 Institute of Hydrology Development of CIS for audit purposes 4,818 ITP Ltd Licensing database 10,306 Macaulay Land Use Research Institute Integration of land cover data 1,601 Macaulay Land Use Research Institute Towards a GIS based woodland inventory 25,000 Macaulay Land Use Research Institute GIS impact assessment - Lake of Menteith 6,000 Pendlebury B Project management for Natura 2000 4,296 Perks T GIS for Firths and Minch information management 7,990 Posford Duvivier Programme for improved LCS 88 GIS plots 447 Tidswell R Transfer data from mainframe to spreadsheet 200 Tidswell R Transfer woodland data to suitable format 300 Tidswell R Input written woodland data to computer database 300 Tidswell R Woodland survey report, Grampian Region 4,000 Tidswell R Survey specification for vegetation mapping of woodland sites 10,991 University of Aberdeen Moray Firth GIS project 4,000 Sub total 80,646

INTERNAL CONTRACTS

Promoting Biodiversity Reintroduction of sea eagles 18,000 Action plans for rare higher plant populations 10,000 Peatland inventory project 45,000 Peatland database project 24,020 Completion of freshwater lochs survey 49,975 Wintering grey geese in Caithness 4,704 Number and breeding distribution of greylag geese in Caithness and Sutherland 1,456 Bean geese 3,000 Sub total 156,155 Project Budget (£) Managing Special Natural Heritage Sites Extension to historic gardens and designed landscapes inventory 16,495 Montane ecology 27,326 Documentation of geomorphological and quaternary sites 23,000 Preparation of site management briefs 48,000 Sub total 114,821 Facilitating the Management of Key Areas Loch Lomond Regional Park vegetation survey 1,409 Sub total 1,409 Assisting Land Managers NCMS 94,978 Survey of semi-natural enclosed grasslands in Lochaber 9,715 Wester Ross woodland strategy 1,819 Nature conservation impact of wind farms in NW Scotland 2,989 Native woodland regeneration monitoring in areas outside exclosures on Braulen Estate 1,198 A landscape strategy and assessment guidance for wind energy development in Caithness and Sutherland 6,178 Sub total 116,877 Protecting Marine and Coastal Areas Dune and machair survey at Arisaig and Morar 2,539 Sub total 2,539 Working with Local Authorities Economic importance of Wester Ross footpaths 15,210 Survey of biological sensitivity of selected road verges and bridges in Highland Region 4,746 Sub total 19,956 Total: 3,211,178

75 Licences Issued from 1 April 1994 to 31 March 1995 under Various Acts of Parliament Protecting Wildlife

A. The Protection of Badgers Act 1992 1. Badger conservation 2 2. Investigating offences at setts 10 3. Destroying setts for development 3 B. Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Section 16) 1. Taking wild birds For scientific purposes 36 For ringing or marking 10 For photography 0 For conservation purposes 12 2. Disturbance of wild birds listed in the first Schedule For science and conservation purposes (private individuals) (DBE) 116 For photography (private individuals) (DBP) 33 BTO Ringing Scheme 82 76 BTO Nest Recording 6 RSPB 89 3. Other animals Licences for scientific purposes 23 Licences for ringing 4 Licences for conservation purposes 51 Licences for photography 6 4. Wild plants Licences for scientific or educational purposes 3 Licences for conservation purposes 7 5. Licences for disturbance of Schedule 1 Birds for SNH staff 52 Total 545 FACTS AND FIGURES Scottish Natural Heritage SNH Board Members at 31 March 1995

SNH Board

Magnus Magnusson KBE (Chairman) Prof. Chris Smout CBE (Deputy Chairman) Research Board Alan Blackshaw OBE VRD Nan Burnett OBE Prof. George Dunnet CBE (Chairman) Bruce Cowe MBE Dr Ralph Kirkwood The Earl of Dalkeith Dr Peter Maitland Roy Dennis MBE Prof. Jeff Maxwell Prof George Dunnet CBE Prof. Alasdair Mclntyre CBE Sir Peter Hutchison CBE (to 30 November 1994) Prof. Paul Racey David Laird Prof. David Sugden Sir John Lister-Kaye Bt Dr John Miles (Assessor) Duncan McPherson CBE

North West Regional Board North East Regional Board

Sir John Lister-Kaye Bt (Chairman) David Laird (Chairman) Dr Jim Hunter (Deputy Chairman) Elizabeth Hay (Deputy Chairman) Angus Graham Geordie Burnett-Stuart Michael Macgregor Prof. Charles Gimingham OBE Andrew Matheson Nigel Graham Peter Peacock Prof. David Jenkins Bill Ritchie Eric Langmuir MBE Lord Strathnaver David Lea Dr Kenneth Swanson John Scott Dr Paul Thompson Dr Brian Staines 78 South West Regional Board South East Regional Board

The Earl of Dalkeith (Chairman) Nan Burnett OBE (Chairman) Prof. Jack Mathews (Deputy Chairman) John Goodfellow (Deputy Chairman) Alistair Campbell (to September 1994) John Arnott Lisella Hutton Dr W J Murray Black Thomas Huxley Quintin Brown Barbara Kelly CBE Dr Carol Duffus Robin Malcolm Sue Harvey Archie McCunn OBE Robert Kay Findlay McQuarrie OBE Prof. John McManus Dr Malcolm Ogilvie Dr Derek Mills Raymond Robinson Alastair Rowan SNH Publications Produced from 1 April 1994 to 31 March 1995

Corporate Publications SNH Research, Survey & Monitoring Series SNH Annual Report 1993/94 No 1 Invertebrate survey and classification of rivers for SNH Review 1993/94 nature conservation. SNH Operational Plan 1994/95 No 12 Effects of the Braer oil spill on Sites of Special Scientific SNH Corporate Plan 1994-7 Interest in the Shetland Islands. Scotland's Natural Heritage - Issues 4, 5 and 6 No 13 Tons Warren - Luce Sands SSSI: documentation and Reports management prescription. No 14 Culbin Sands, Culbin Forest and Findhom Bay SSSI: Red Deer and the Natural Heritage documentation and management prescription. Enjoying the Outdoors - A Programme for Action No 19 Case studies of nutrient enrichment on SSSI fresh Summary of Scottish Natural Heritage's Access Report waters in Scotland: summary. Agriculture and Scotland's Natural Heritage No 22 Quendale Bay dune vegetation following the Braer oil The National Countryside Monitoring Scheme: The Changing spill incident. Face of Scotland: 1940s to 1970s: Main Report No 24 Soil erosion in upland Scotland. The National Countryside Monitoring Scheme: The Changing No 26 Biogeographical zones in Scotland. Face of Scotland: 1940s to 1970s: Technical Report No 27 Implications of critical load exceedance for non- Bogs: The Ecology, Classification and Conservation of breeding dipper (Cinclus cinclus) populations in Ombrotrophic Mires Scotland. An Area Sustainability Study of Ettrick and Lauderdale: No 29 Loch Leven NNR: water quality 1992 and 1993 with Summary Report special reference to nutrients and phytoplankton, and Occasional Papers an assessment of phosphorous levels in the loch No 2. The Environment - Who Cares: Roger Crofts sediments. No 3. Ill Fares the Land: Sir John Lister-Kaye No 30 A national archive of palaeoenvironmental records from Scotland: a pilot study. Booklets No 33 The native woodlands of Strathspey. Cairngorms - A Landscape Fashioned by Geology No 37 Commissioned research programme 1993-1994: projects 79 Loch Lomond to Stirling - A Landscape Fashioned by Geology and contracts within the Research and Advisory Scotland's Living Landscapes - Boglands Services Directorate and the four Regional Directorates Natura 2000 - Terrestrial of SNH. Natura 2000 - Marine The Orkney Saga SNH Review Series 1995 Publications Catalogue Nol Snow buntings breeding in the Cairngorms: populations Educational Publications dynamics and the influence of recreation. No 7 1993 Countryside Around Towns Project: summary Teachers' Notes for Environmental Sustainability Posters report. Leaflets No 8 Global environmental concerns in Scotland: an Mid & South Strathclyde Leaflet overview. Dumfries & Galloway Leaflet No 12 Coastal erosion and tourism in Scotland: a review of Argyll & Bute Leaflet protection measures to combat coastal erosion related Moray and Nairn: A Coast Through Time to tourist activities and facilities. Cetaceans and Selkies in Orkney No 13 Scotland's soils: research issues in developing a soil Auks in Orkney sustainability strategy. Orkney's Maritime Heath No 22 The status of the genus Zostera in Scottish coastal Seashores in Orkney waters. Isle of May NNR No 24 Scrub in the Scottish uplands. Morrone NNR No 25 Recreation and the natural heritage: a research review. No 26 Biodiversity inventory for Scotland: Aquatic Coleoptera. Postcards No 27 Sustainable city: ecological planting design: a study of Mountain Hare theory and practice. Red Squirrel No 28 Sustainable city: natural regeneration of wasteland. Pine Marten No 31 Recreation and red deer: a preliminary review of the Wildcat issues. Orkney Vole No 32 Response of the alpine gentian (Gentiana nivalis) and Otter other montane species to protection from grazing. Reprints No 36 Scottish minerals recycling. Grants Leaflets - General Information Land Managers, Crofters and Farmers Environmental Education and Interpretation Community and Voluntary Action Sustainable Development and the Natural Heritage - The SNH Approach SSSI Booklet Muirbum Code Golf's Natural Heritage Public Access to Environmental Information under the Environmental Information Regulations 1992 - a statement

Background

As a government body with responsibilities for the environment, Scottish Natural Heritage is subject to the Environmental Information Regulations 1992, the UK statutory instrument implementing the EC Directive of Freedom of Access to Information on the Environment.

These regulations give the public a general right of access to environmental information held by SNH, unless there are 'substantive reasons for refusing'. SNH is obliged to respond to requests, and to give a full written explanation for refusal or restriction of access. The SNH Approach

SNH welcomes the Regulations, which complement its open and accountable operating style. SNH is developing policies for the application of the Regulations, in liaison with sister agencies in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, to ensure consistency.

There will be a presumption in favour of release of information unless the reasons for refusal are compelling - for instance if disclosing the details about rare species could endanger them. Enquiries may be referred back to the customer if fulfilling the request is likely to create an unreasonable amount of extra work and/or if a charge is likely to be made.

As well as responding to specific requests, SNH publishes an extensive range of information about the Scottish environment in the form of research reports, policy statements, guidance notes, information leaflets and booklets, and Annual Reports.

80 A catalogue of publications is available free of charge from the Publications Section, Scottish Natural Heritage, Battleby, Redgorton, Perth PHI 3EW. Tel: 01738 627921. Fax: 01738 827411 Scottish Natural Heritage - Account 1994-95

Statement of Account

Statement of Account prepared pursuant to section 10 of the Natural Heritage (Scotland) Act 1991.

FOREWORD History and Statutory Background

1. Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) was established on 1 April 1992 by the Natural Heritage (Scotland) Act 1991. SNH is financed by grant in aid from The Scottish Office Environment Department (1994/95), borne on subhead C4 of Vote 7 of Class XIV, Housing and Environmental Services, Scotland. 2. The Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) was established on 5 November 1990 by Section 128(4) of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 to carry out certain functions previously discharged by the Nature Conservancy Council. The JNCC is jointly funded (see Note 1.5 in the Notes to the Accounts) by SNH, English Nature and the Countryside Council for Wales. Audited copies of the JNCC accounts are held by SNH, English Nature and the Countryside Council for Wales and copies can be provided on request. Previously a share of JNCC assets were combined with SNH assets, but the figures for 1993/94 have now been restated to exclude the JNCC element.

Principal Functions 3. The purpose of SNH is to secure the conservation, enhancement, understanding and enjoyment of Scotland's natural heritage - the wildlife, habitats and landscapes which have evolved through the long partnership between people and nature. To fulfil this purpose SNH seeks to help people enjoy Scotland's natural heritage responsibly, understand it more fully 81 and use it wisely so that it can be sustained for future generations. Its mission is therefore to work with Scotland's people to care for our natural heritage.

SNH has two corporate aims. The principle one is to deliver its statutory responsibilities locally throughout Scotland. SNH is also the adviser to Government and others on anything affecting the natural heritage. It delivers its activities through 11 corporate programmes embracing 29 specific objectives. In carrying out its primary statutory purposes, SNH is expected to take into account, as appropriate, various economic and social needs and issues.

In pursuance of this purpose the 1991 Act conferred upon Scottish Natural Heritage the following functions within Scotland: to provide advice to the Secretary of State or any other minister on the development and implementation of policies for or affecting the natural heritage of Scotland; to provide advice and disseminate knowledge to any persons about the natural heritage; to commission, support or perform research which in its opinion is relevant to any of its functions; the power to accept and apply any gift or contribution made to it for the purposes of any of its functions; the power to form or promote or join with any other person in forming or promoting companies (within the meaning of the Companies Act 1985); the power to form partnerships with other persons; and the power to do all such other things as are incidental or conducive to the discharge of its functions.

Under its statutory powers, SNH provides grants to support activities which assists attainment of the above aims. It also provides financial support for development projects. In addition, SNH has the statutory function of establishing, managing and maintaining nature reserves and entering into management agreements to protect Sites of Special Scientific Interest and other areas of national heritage importance.

Financial Results and Review of Activities 4. SNH's annual grant in aid is provided on a cash basis and SNH is required to manage its finances within this. As a Non- Departmental Public Body, SNH is also required to produce accruals accounts. These include a number of notional items and reserved funds in accordance with various accounting conventions. The accruals accounts can result in surplus or deficit figures. Generally speaking these are not indications of financial performance since SNH is not a trading concern. The accounts show a deficit on operating activities of £1,903,000 on total expenditure of £42,603,000. This includes a notional charge for non cash costs of £2,421,000. The retained surplus for the year was £534,000. Total grant in aid cash received was £41,178,000 of which £38,541,000 was deployed on revenue expenditure, and £2,637,000 was deployed on capital expenditure. £490,000 was surrendered to The Scottish Office during the year, being mainly superannuation receipts. 5. The Government increased Scottish Natural Heritage's grant in aid by £4,286,000 (11 6%) compared with 1993/94, This was to assist it in meeting a substantially increased workload arising Irom its obligations under EC Directives on Habitats Species and Birds; and implementing the agreed recommendations of Secretary of State's working parties on Loch Lomond & the Trossachs, the Cairngorms and Environmental Education.

Status of Land and Buildings

6. As in previous years the market value of Scottish Natural Heritage's land and buildings have not been determined as the valuation could not be provided on any recognised meaningful basis. During 1995/96 Scottish Natural Heritage will undertake a re-valuation exercise which will more accurately reflect a market value. For 1994/95 Scottish Natural Heritage is of the opinion that the value of land and buildings, based on open market value for existing use, is not less than the amount stated on the balance sheet.

Significant changes to Land and Buildings

7. During the 1994/95 financial year, SNH spent £2,637,000 (1994 - £3,372,000) on capital assets, as follows:

1995 1994 £ £

Land 69,000 8,000

Acquisition and enhancement of workshops, 1,556,000 storage facilities and office accommodation 354,000 1,049,000 Computer equipment 1,414,000

Furniture and equipment for offices and 759,000

nature reserves and vehicles 800,000

Grants 8. Grant payments totalling £9,071,000 (1994 - £7,751,000) were made during the year. This includes grants for the purchase of land of £288,000 (1994 - £971,000). Management Agreements 82 9. SNH entered into 59 (1993/94 - 75) management agreements with owners and occupiers for land notified as Sites of Special Scientific Interest (S.15 agreements). This included 15 agreements under the Peatlands Management Scheme. By 31st March 1995 565 management agreements had been concluded under S15 of the Act. These amounted to payments of £2,825,000 (1993/94 - £2,708,000) - see note 8.

Activities in the Field of Research

10. SNH has an approved research strategy designed to serve management of the natural heritage and to contribute to influencing the policy and programmes of other parties. An annual research programme is prepared in conformity with this strategy.

Future Developments in Activities

11. We shall review our priorities and our decision making and organisational structure in the light of the Joint Study and the interim review of SNH. We intend to have the changes in place early in 1997,

We will publish a map of biogeographic zones in Scotland and develop a framework of natural heritage zones to help inform the planning and co-ordination of our work at local and national level. We shall continue with the landscape character assessment of Scotland in partnership with local authorities and others, develop a programme of work in support of the UK's Biodiversity Action Plan, advise government on sites with high natural heritage value which merit designation under the EC Habitats & Species Directive or the Wild Birds Directive and continue consultation with owners and occupiers. We shall invest in improvements to our information systems and undertake internal reviews to ensure that our activities are carried out efficiently, effectively and economically.

Disabled Persons

12. Scottish Natural Heritage meets the obligations of the Disabled Persons Employment Act 1944.

Employee Consultation

13. Scottish Natural Heritage involves employees through the SNH Whitley Council which brings together representatives of the management and trade unions in a working environment. Regular and timely staff bulletins containing general news updates and information are issued throughout our office network. Additionally, a staff newspaper - Staff News - is produced three times a year. Board Members 14. In terms of the Natural Heritage (Scotland) Act 1991, the Board membership of SNH shall be not less than eight, nor more than twelve persons appointed by the Secretary of State. The membership of the Board at 31 March 1995 was as follows: Chairman: Magnus Magnusson KBE Deputy Chairman: Professor Christopher Smout CBE Alan Blackshaw OBE VRD Mrs Nan Burnett OBE Bruce Cowe MBE The Earl of Dalkeith Roy Dennis MBE Professor George Dunnet CBE David Laird Sir John Lister-Kaye Bt Duncan MacPherson CBE Sir Peter Hutchison CBE was appointed as a Board Member from 1 April 1994 but resigned with effect from 30 November 1994 to take up the post of Chairmanship of the Forestry Commission. The Earl of Dalkeith resigned on 31 March 1995 to take up appointment as a Millennium Commissioner. Professor Dunnet resigned with effect from 31 March 1995. The appointment of Messrs Magnusson, Blackshaw, Cowe, Dennis and MacPherson and Mrs Burnett shall continue into the 1995/96 financial year. Appointment of Auditors 15. Under section 10 of the Natural Heritage (Scotland) Act 1991 the Comptroller and Auditor General is required to examine, certify and report on the statement of account and lay copies, together with his report thereon, before each House of Parliament. Chairman: Magnus Magnusson KBE Chief Executive: Roger Crofts Date: 30 November 1995

83 Statement of Board's and Chief Executive's Responsibilities

Under section 10 of the Natural Heritage (Scotland) Act 1991 Scottish Natural Heritage is required to prepare a statement of accounts for each financial year in the form and on the basis determined by the Secretary of State, with the consent of the Treasury. The accounts are prepared on an accruals basis and must show a true and fair view of Scottish Natural Heritage's state of affairs at the year end and of its income and expenditure and cash flows for the financial year.

In preparing the accounts the Board of Scottish Natural Heritage is required to:

1. observe the accounts direction issued by the Secretary of State, including the relevant accounting and disclosure requirements, and apply suitable accounting policies on a consistent basis; 2. make judgements and estimates on a reasonable basis; 3. state whether applicable accounting standards have been followed, and disclose and explain any material departures in the financial statements; 4. prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis, unless it is inappropriate to presume that Scottish Natural Heritage will continue in operation.

The Accounting Officer for The Scottish Office Environment Department has designated Scottish Natural Heritage's Chief Executive as the Accounting Officer for Scottish Natural Heritage. His relevant responsibilities as Accounting Officer, including his responsibility for the propriety and regularity of the public finances for which he is answerable and for the keeping of proper records, are set out in the Non-Departmental Public Bodies' Accounting Officer Memorandum.

84 The Certificate and Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General to the Houses of Parliament

I have audited the financial statements on pages 86 to 96 which have been prepared under the historical cost convention and the accounting policies set out on pages 89 and 90.

Respective responsibilities of Board and Chief Executive and Auditors

As described on page 84 Scottish Natural Heritage is responsible for preparation of the financial statements. It is my responsibility to form an independent opinion, based on my audit, on those statements and to report my opinion to you.

Basis of Opinion

I certify that I have examined the financial statements referred to above in accordance with the Natural Heritage (Scotland) Act 1991 and the National Audit Office auditing standards, which include relevant Auditing Standards issued by the Auditing Practices Board. An audit includes examination, on a test basis, of evidence relevant to the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. It also includes an assessment of the significant estimates and judgements made by Scottish Natural Heritage in the preparation of the financial statements, and of whether the accounting policies are appropriate to the body's circumstances, consistently applied and adequately disclosed.

I planned and performed my audit so as to obtain all the information and explanations which I considered necessary in order to provide me with sufficient evidence to give reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free from material misstatement, whether caused by fraud or other irregularity or error. In forming my opinion I also evaluated the overall adequacy of the presentation of information in the financial statements.

Opinion

In my opinion the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of Scottish Natural Heritage at 31 March 1995 and of its deficit, total recognised gains and losses and cash flows for the year then ended and have been properly prepared in accordance with the Natural Heritage (Scotland) Act 1991 and with the directions made thereunder by 85 the Secretary of State for Scotland.

I have no observations to make on these financial statements.

John Bourn National Audit Office 157-197 Buckingham Palace Road Comptroller and Auditor General Victoria London SW1W 9SP 15 December 1995 Income and Expenditure Account for the Year ended 31 March 1995

Restated Notes 1995 1994 Income £000 £000 HM Government Grant in Aid 23 38,541 33,559 Income from Activities 2 532 356 Other Operating Income 3 53 102 Transferred from Deferred Government Grant Account 4 1,574 1,409 40.700 35.426

Expenditure Maintenance of National Nature Reserves 1,101 712 Management Agreements 8 4,303 4,428 Research and Advisory Services 7 4,589 2,724 Grants 9 9,071 7,753 Other Operating Costs 6 6,818 6,011 Board Members and Staff Costs 5 11,278 10,658 Depreciation 13 1,520 1,369 Notional charges 11 2,421 2,048 86 Contribution to JNCC 1,502 1,470 42.603 37,173 (Deficitj/Surplus on Operating Activities before superannuation (1,903) (1,747) Superannuation Receipts 12 491 3,757 (Deficit)/Surplus on Operating Activities (1,412) 2,010 Interest Income 114 5 (Deficit)/Surplus on Ordinary Activities (1,298) 2,015 Notional charges 11 2,322 1,953 Appropriations: Amounts surrendered to The Scottish Office 28 (490) (3,901) Retained surplus for the year 534 67 Balance brought forward 1,723 1,656 Retained Surplus carried forward 2,257 1,723

There were no recognised gains or losses other than those included in the movements above, and therefore no separate statement of recognised gains and losses has been presented.

The accompanying accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these accounts. Balance Sheet as at 31 March 1995

Restated Notes 1995 1995 1994 £000 £000 £000 Fixed Assets Tangible Assets 13 11,710 10,647 Current Assets Stocks 14 243 95 Debtors 15 851 708 Short Term Investment 16 119 113 Cash at Bank and in Hand 550 249 1,763 1,165

Creditors Amounts falling due within one year 17 (324) (359) Net Current Assets 1,439 806 Total Assets less Current Liabilities 13.149 11.453 Financed by: Insurance Provision 11 194 95 Accruals and Deferred Income Deferred Government Grant 18 8,877 7,883 Capital and Reserves Capital Reserve 19 1,821 1,752 87 Income and Expenditure 2,257 1,723 13.149 11,453

Roger Crofts Date: 30 November 1995 Accounting Officer

The accompanying accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these accounts. Cash Flow Statement for the Year ended 31 March 1995

Restated Notes 1995 1995 1994 £000 £000 £000 Net cash inflow from operating activities 25 596 3,652 Returns on investment Interest received 114 5 Investing activities Purchase of fixed assets (2,642) (3,328) Sale of fixed assets 92 85 Net cash outflow from investing activities (2,550) (3,243) Net cash (outflow)/inflow before financing (1,840) 414 Financing Government grants received and applied to purchase fixed assets 2,637 3,332 Surrenders to Scottish Office (490) (3,901) Net cash inflow/(outflow) from financing 2,147 (569) Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 26 307 (155)

88

The accompanying accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these accounts. Notes to the Accounts for the Year ended 31 March 1995

1. Accounting Policies 1.1 Basis of Accounting The accounts have been prepared under the historical cost convention in a form determined by the Secretary of State for Scotland with approval of Treasury. Without limiting the information given, the accounts meet the requirements of the Companies Act 1985 and of the accounting standards issued and adopted by the Accounting Standards Board so far as those requirements are appropriate. The principal accounting policies are set out below. The policies remain unchanged from the previous year except for the treatment of JNCC (see note 1.5). 1.2 Fixed Assets and Depreciation Depreciation is calculated to write down the cost of all tangible fixed assets other than freehold land by equal annual instalments over their expected useful life. The rates generally applicable are: Freehold Buildings 50 years Leasehold Property 50 years or period of lease, whichever is shorter Computer Equipment 5 years Other Equipment 7 years Vehicles 4 years Furniture, Fixtures & Fittings 10 years Scottish Natural Heritage is to undertake a revaluation of its tangible its fixed assets in 1995/96 with a view to introducing modified historic cost accounting for fixed assets with effect from the 1996 annual accounts. 1.3 Stock Valuation Publication stocks are valued on a first in first out basis at the lowest of direct production cost and net realisable value. Farm stocks are valued at estimated market valuations less an allowance for gross profit margin. 89 1.4 Taxation Scottish Natural Heritage is recognised by the Inland Revenue as a Scottish charity for the purpose of section 505, Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988. As a consequence of this status, Scottish Natural Heritage is not liable to Corporation Tax on revenue or Inheritance Tax on bequests, etc. received. 1.5 Joint Nature Conservation Committee In previous years the Scottish Natural Heritage Account has disclosed the Scottish Natural Heritage share of JNCC's expenditure and income and assets and liabilities. From 1995 a separate audited account for JNCC has been produced. Audited copies of the JNCC accounts are held by SNH, English Nature and the Countryside Council for Wales and copies can be provided on request. As a result, the 1994 figures shown in the account have been restated to represent Scottish Natural Heritage activities only. Scottish Natural Heritage's percentage contribution to the funding of the committee for 1994/95 is 30%. 1.6 Grant in Aid Government grants received which are of a revenue nature are credited to income in the year in which they are received. Grants for depreciable capital expenditure are credited to a Deferred Government Grant Account and an amount equivalent to the depreciation charge is released to the Income and Expenditure Account over the expected useful lives of the relevant assets. Grants for land are credited to a Capital Reserve Account. 1.7 Grant Payments and Recoveries Grant payments are charged to the Income and Expenditure Account on the basis of actual payments made. The offer of a grant is usually tied to a specific year of account and is solely at the discretion of Scottish Natural Heritage whether an unclaimed grant is carried into the next year. It is the policy of Scottish Natural Heritage to recover grants provided to projects where the conditions attached there to have been breached and no acceptable alternative conditions can be implemented. 1.8 Segmental Analysis Segmental Accounting is included in accordance with the Treasury Guide on Fees and Charges. Our normal policy is to recover the full costs of any service provided. However our charging policy is set at the highest level the market will bear consistent with the achievement of our objectives. 1.9 Notional Costs In line with HM Treasury Fees and Charges Guide and the DAO letter 18/92 on Notional Costs, Scottish Natural Heritage has notional costings for the following areas: Cost of Capital, Employers' superannuation contributions and Insurance. Cost of Capital - The financing structure of Scottish Natural Heritage does not include specific interest bearing debt but to ensure that the Income and Expenditure Account bears an appropriate charge for the use of capital in the business in the year, a notional interest charge is included. In accordance with Treasury guidance, the calculation is based on a 6% rate of return on average net assets employed at historic cost. Employers' superannuation contributions - Scottish Natural Heritage operates its own non-contributory pension scheme, and there is a separate contributory Widowers Pension Scheme. In line with the Fees and Charges Guide, Scottish Natural Heritage has estimated the cost of a notional employers contribution and included in the Income and Expenditure Account. This is based on information for appropriate percentages of contributions per grade of staff supplied by Treasury. Insurance provision - In line with Government policy Scottish Natural Heritage self-insures but an appropriate charge is included in the Income and Expenditure Account by way of a notional premium. The notional premium is calculated in line with recommendations included in the appropriate Treasury guidance.

2. Income from Activities : Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 Income from National Nature Reserves 229 259 Sales of Publications, fees, royalties etc. 62 37 Contributions to research and advisory work 241 60

532 356 3. Other Operating Income : Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 Rents - Reserves 9 9 Miscellaneous 6 48 Gain on disposal of tangible assets 38 45

53 102 4. Transferred from Deferred Government Grant Account Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 Depreciation for the year 1,520 1,171 90 Accelerated depreciation - 198 Release of unexpended depreciation on assets disposed of in the year 54 40 1.574 1.409 During the year 1994 accelerated depreciation of £198,000 was charged to write down the book value of a visitor centre.

5 Board Members and Staff Costs 5.1 All employees Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 Salaries and Wages 10,208 9,575 Social Security Costs 872 883 Superannuation: Pensions 66 48 Lump Sum Awards 71 104 Transfer Value paid out, CEP and WPS refund Contributions 61 48 As per Income and Expenditure Account 11,278 10,658 Salaries and Wages of Fixed Term Appointments and Casual Staff working on research projects & NNRs. 1,035 797

12.313 11.455

5.2 Board members' renumeration plus social security costs included above: Chairman (also highest paid board member) 53 54 Other Board members' 440 507 493 561 Other Board members' emoluments, including members on Regional Boards, the Scientific Advisory Committee and the Main Board, fell within the following ranges: Up to £9,999 49 55 £10,000 - £19,999 3 4 £20,000 - £29,999 2 2 £30,000 - £39,999 1 1 5 3 Chief Executive The Chief Executive's total renumeration of £59,716 (1994 - £58,017) comprised a salary of £52,706 plus a bonus of £4,744 and taxable benefits of £2,266. The principal taxable benefit is the provision of a car. The Chief Executive is a member of the organisation's pension scheme. The following number of senior staff received remuneration falling within the following ranges: 1995 1994 £40,000 - £49,000 8 4 £50,000 - £59,000 0 1 54 Employees The average number of employees during the year was: 1995 1994 Senior Management 10 10 Secretarial and clerical services 229 206 Managerial, operational and professional 403 387 Press and public relations 12 9 Estate Workers, manual and domestic 27 24 681 636 These can be further segregated into permanent staff - 540 (1994 - 538), and FTA posts 141 (1994 - 98).

6 Other Operating Charges Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 Staff Support Costs 1,242 1,395 Accommodation Costs 1,990 1,339 Equipment and Consumables 759 773 Library Costs 101 93 Dispatch and Communications 491 472 Cartographic Support 30 70 International Subscriptions 49 36 91 Contractors and Consultants Fees (excluding land agency) 480 535 Legal Costs (excluding land agency) 17 5 Audit Fee 37 37 Other Support Costs 574 472 Publicity, Information & Training 1,111 722 Doubtful Debts Expense 5 (5) Changes in Stock Valuation - Publications (147) (55)

- Livestock (1) (4) Board Members' T & S 80 126 6,818 6,011

Of the £80,000 (1994 - £126,000) Board Members Travel and Subsistence expenditure £33,000 (1994 - £39,000) was for Main Board Members. The above figure for Staff Support costs includes: £891,000 (1994 - £1,000,000) of Travel and Subsistence expenditure for staff members and £10,000 (1994 - £11,000) of Hospitality costs. Comparative figures for 1994 for accomodation costs are lower because of backdated rebates arising from SNH's charitable status.

7 Research and Advisory Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 Survey and Monitoring 3,623 1,648 Site Safeguard (excluding NNR's) 111 64 Wider Environment (including Demonstration Projects) 744 921 Other 111 91 4,589 2,724 Contributions totalling £241,000 (1994 - £60,000) were received towards the cost of Research and Advisory work as disclosed in Note 2. The amounts shown above are gross. The costs of permanent staff engaged in project management are included in salaries under staff costs. 8. Management Agreements and Leases of National Natural Reserves Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 Leases of Nature Reserves 17 20 Maintenance Work on existing National and Marine Nature Reserves 9 303

Section 15 Agreements Annual Payments including arrears and interest to owners and occupiers under Management Agreements 1,953 1,672 Lump Sum Payments to owners 221 402 Management Works 500 455 Legal and Agents Costs 106 179

Interim Agreements 45 - 2,825 2,708 Section 16 Agreements Annual Payments including arrears and interest to owners and occupiers under Management Agreements 215 211 Lump Sum Payments to owners 17 1 Management Works 332 222 Legal and Agents Costs 10 6 574 440

Legal and Advisory Costs 473 480 Wider Environment Management Agreements Annual Payments 219 187 Other Miscellaneous Costs 186 290 405 477 4,303 4,428 92 Forward Commitments on Management Agreements As a result of agreements concluded by 31 March 1995, commitments to continuing annual payments for 1995/96 under leases and management agreements will be £2,436,000 (1994 - £1,859,000).

9. Grants Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 Central Scotland Countryside Trust 941 646 Current Loan Charges (Note 10) 454 523

Loan Redemptions (Note 10) 836 - Site Management (including Marine Nature Reserves) 36 23 Wider Environment 765 525 Species Protection 15 Publicity and Education 344 221 Development of the Voluntary Sector 1,264 1,881 Capital Land Purchases 288 971 Countryside Management and Conservation 1,522 1,209 Recreation Provision 1,966 1,485 Understanding and Awareness 417 254 Development of the voluntary sector 238 9,071 7,753 Grant awarded to the Central Scotland Countryside Trust is under a ring fenced funds arrangement with funding provided by The Scottish Office. Grant forward commitments on offers made and accepted for 1995/96 were £2,303,000.

10. Forward Commitments on Loan Charges The loan charges are recurrent liabilities which continue as a result of responsibilities transferred from the Scottish Development Department in the 1970s, in respect of local authority capital schemes funded by borrowing. They will continue at reducing levels until the year 2009. The amount due to be paid in 1995/96 is £399,000. The total due until 2009 including the 1995/96 year is £4,030,000. During the year Scottish Natural Heritage redeemed 17 of the outstanding local authority loans. The discount factor was agreed with The Scottish Office and results in reduced future years commitments for SNH. 11. Notional Charges Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 Employers' superannuation contribution 1,606 1,349 Cost of Capital 716 604 2,322 1,953 Insurance Provision 99 95 2,421 2,048 See accounting policy 1.9 Insurance has been credited to a provision in the 'Financed by' section of the balance sheet. This insurance provision includes charges for 1993/94 as well as 1994/95 and totals £194,000. Cost of capital and employers' superannuation have been credited in the Income and Expenditure Account.

12. Pension Commitments Scottish Natural Heritage operates its own non-contributory pension scheme, which is analogous with Principal Civil Service Pension Scheme, and is to provide retirement and related benefits to all eligible employees. Retirement benefits are based on individual final emoluments. Pensions are funded from annual grant in aid. There is a separate contributory Widowers Pension Scheme which is also non-funded where contributions (1994/95 £163,000; 1993/94 £152,000) are classified as current income and any benefits paid are treated as current expenditure. Transfer Values (1994/95 £305,000; 1993/94 £3,585,000) received from other organisations are also treated as current income. During the year £23,000 (1993/94 - £20,000) of net superannuation receipts were received in respect of staff on secondment. During the year pension receipts of £53,000 (1993/94 - £50,000) were used to fund the costs of transfers out.

13. Fixed Assets LEASEHOLD FIXTURES Freehold Land & Computer Other Furniture Land Buildings Buildings Equipment Equipment Vehicles & Fittings Total £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 Cost or Valuation As at 1 April 1994 (restated) 2,765 5,229 348 2,354 1,867 1,530 354 14,447 Additions during Year 69 175 179 1,414 543 213 44 2,637 Disposals 0 32 0 7 36 204 0 279 93 As at 31 March 1995 2.834 5,372 527 3.761 2.374 1.539 398 16.805

Depreciation As at 1 April 1994 (restated) 0 786 73 1,077 866 926 72 3,800 Charge for Year 0 110 50 679 294 348 39 1,520 Depreciation on Disposals 0 7 0 2 30 186 0 225 As at 31 March 1995 0 889 123 1,754 1.130 1.088 111 5.095

Written Down Value As at 31 March 1995 2,834 4,483 404 2,007 1,244 451 287 11.710

Written Down Value As at 31 March 1994 2,765 4,443 275 1,277 1,001 604 282 10.647 (restated)

As at 31 March 1995 Scottish Natural Heritage had annual commitments under operating leases as set out below: Land Buildings Vehicles Other Leases 1995 1994 1995 1994 1995 1994 1995 1994 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 Operating Leases which expire; Within one year 1 0 102 59 0 3 5 0 In the second to fifth years inclusive 0 75 428 3 0 30 34

Over five years 4 4 550 429 - 0 - - Total 5 4 727 916 3 3 35 34 14. Stocks Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 Publications 219 72 Livestock 24 23 243 95

15. Debtors Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 Trade Debtors 281 163 Less Provision for Doubtful Debts (6) (2) 275 161

Prepayments 283 240 Other Debtors 293 307 851 708

Other Debtors include £173,000 (1994 - £202,000) which are due after more than one year. Of this amount, £65,000 (1994 - £117,000) relates to car loans provided interest free to essential car users within SNH under a scheme approved by the Treasury.

16. Short Term Investment A short term investment of £119,000 (1994 - £113,000) representing bequest monies was held at 31 March 1995 in a Business Premium Account with a commercial bank.

17. Creditors falling due within one year Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 94 Trade Creditors 143 154 Other Creditors 33 33 Accruals & Deferred Income 148 172 324 359

18. Deferred Government Grant Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 At 1 April 1994 7,883 5,967 Capital Grant received in the year and applied to the purchase of Capital Assets 2,568 3,325 10,451 9,292 Transfer to Income and Expenditure Account in the year. 1,574 1,409

At 31 March 1995 8,877 7,883

19. Capital Reserves Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 At 1 April 1994 1,752 1,744 Land Purchased in year 69 8 At 31 March 1995 1,821 1,752

20. Capital Expenditure Commitments As at 31 March 1995, Scottish Natural Heritage had various commitments under the Capital Programme totalling £192,000 (1994 - £320,000). This expenditure fell into the following categories: 1995 1994 £000 £000 Contracted for but not provided in these financial statements: 22 150 Authorised but not contracted for: 170 170 21. Segmental Analysis The principal objective of Scottish Natural Heritage is to secure the conservation, enhancement and enjoyment of Scotland's natural heritage. In furtherance of this objective SNH spends a substantial sum on production of publications. As part of its functions SNH operates a farm in South West Scotland within a National Nature Reserve, which aims to demonstrate that farming practices can be carried out in an environmentally sensitive manner. SNH owns the National Nature Reserve of the island of Rum. It operates a hotel and hostel which provide necessary accomodation for most visitors to the island. SNH aims to maximise cost revenues whilst recognising the limitations caused by the remoteness of location and difficulty of access. The results are detailed as follows: Publications for Farm Kinloch Castle resale £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 £000 1995 1994 1995 1994 1995 1994 Income 38 37 35 37 137 154 Expenditure 202 60 46 44 217 210

Net income/cost on activities (164) 1231 Oil m (80) 1561 Publications As stated above many publications are issued free in accordance with agreed policies. The expenditure on non-priced publications, including direct costs, allocation of overheads and notional charges is £405,000 (1994 - £346,000). Costs were restated for the prior year as a result of the basis of re-allocation of costs between chargeable and non-chargeable publications. Current policy is to ensure where appropriate for saleable publications that prices are being set at the highest level the market will bear consistent with the achievement of our objectives. It is also SNH policy to ensure publications are widely available to assist in achieving our operational objectives. This results in many complimentary copies of chargeable publications being distributed and therefore income foregone.

Farm SNH's aim is to demonstrate that hill sheep farming can be carried out in a way which is environmentally sensitive but without being uneconomic. Included within the expenditure is £5,000 (1994 - £8,000) for depreciation and £6,000 (1994 - £6,000) for notional charges. SNH does not receive subsidies for environmental work under the SOAFD run ESA scheme. Caimsmore is within the Western and Southern Uplands ESA. This foregone income amounts to £6,500 and has not been reflected in the income above for 1995 or 1994. Kinloch Castle 95 As the owner of the island SNH requires to provide accomodation for visitors. This includes workers, researchers and other visitors. SNH attempts to minimise the cost of providing this accomodation by the operation of the hotel (which is a grade A listed building) and hostel and keeps the financial performance of these facilities under review. Costs above include £28,000 of notional charges and £10,000 of depreciation.

22. Contingent Liabilities During 1993/94 provision was made against a visitor centre to fully write down its asset value (see note 4). A potential liability for re-instatement of the land and surroundings continues to exist in 1994/95. Re-instatement is likely to be in the region of £10,000 (1994 - £10,000-20,000). A further contingent liability of approximately £175,000 (1994 - £830,000) exists in respect of Site Safeguard compensation cases where claims have been lodged and are under arbitration. In such cases Scottish Natural Heritage may have potential obligation for back payments and accrued interest.

23 Grant received from Scottish Office Environment Department Class XIV Vote 7 Total Grant-in-Aid received in 1994/95 amounted to £41.2 m (1993/94 - £36.9m). This amount appears in the Accounts in the following areas: Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 Income and Expenditure Account 38,541 33,559 Deferred Government Grant (Note 18) 2,568 3,325 Capital Reserve (Note 19) 69 8 41,178* 36.892

* This includes £700,000 of grant repaid. As reported last year, the grant to the National Trust for Scotland in relation to Dunbeath Estate was returned after the year end. During 1994/95 The Scottish Office authorised this to be retained. 24 Services provided by other Government Departments Scottish Natural Heritage uses the payroll service provided by Chessington Computer Centre. During the financial year 1994/95, Scottish Natural Heritage paid Chessington the sum of £49,000 (1993/94 -£45,000) for services provided. Scottish Natural Heritage also used the services of Central Computer and Telecommunication Agency (CCTA) during the year to assist in the procurement of a new finance system and continued introduction of the new computer network. CCTA were paid £30,000 (1993/94 - £71,000) for services provided. Scottish Office legal services are also used by SNH and during the year to 31 March 1995 £29,000 was spent on these services. A further £177,000 was paid to The Scottish Office for legal services in connection with the Lingerabay public enquiry.

25. Reconciliation of Operating Surplus to Net Cash Inflow from Operating Activities Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 (Deficit)/Surplus on Operating Activities (1,412) 2,010 Depreciation Charge 1,520 1,369 Transfer from Deferred Government Grant Account (1,574) (1,409) Profit on Sale of tangible Assets (38) (45) Notional Charges 2,421 2,048 Increase in Livestock (1) (4) Increase in Publication Stocks (147) (55) Increase in Debtors (143) (327) (Decrease)/Increase in Creditors (30) 65 Net Cash Inflow from Operating Activities 596 3,652

26. Analysis of Changes in Cash and Cash Equivalents during the year Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 96 At 1 April 1994 362 517 Net cash inflow/(outflow) 307 (155) At 31 March 1995 669 362

27. Analysis of the balances of Cash and Cash Equivalent as shown in the Balance Sheet Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 Cash at Bank and in Hand 550 249 Short Term Deposits 119 113 669 362

28. Surrenders Restated 1995 1994 £000 £000 Surrenders made to The Scottish Office Environment Department consisted of: - Transfer Values In 282 3,550 - Pension Contributions 156 157 Superannuation Receipts 438 3,707 - Administration Services Receipts 9 9 - Other Receipts 43 185 Surrenders as per Income and Expenditure Account 490 3,901

29 Post Balance Sheet Events There is no material post balance sheet event required to adjust the accounts or be disclosed. SCOTTISH NATURAL HERITAGE

Scottish Natural Heritage is a government body established by Parliament in 1992, responsible to the Secretary of State for Scotland.

Our task is to secure the conservation and enhancement of Scotland's unique and precious natural heritage - the wildlife, the habitats and the landscapes which have evolved in Scotland through the long partnership between people and nature.

We advise on policies and promote projects that aim to improve the natural heritage and support its sustainable use.

Our aim is to help people to enjoy Scotland's natural heritage responsibly, understand it more fully and use it wisely so that it can be sustained for future generations.

Designed and produced by SNH Publications and Graphics

Cover Illustration: Louise Peaston

ISBN: 1 85397 203 7 ISSN: 1353 8268 Print Code: TH2K1295

Printed on environmentally friendly paper