Ntie Items-In-Secretary-General's Statements - IX, 20 May 1965 - 28 September 1965

UN Secretariat Item Scan - Barcode - Record Title Page 16 Date 22/05/2006 Time 4:29:40 PM

S-0886-0003-04-00001

Expanded Number S-0886-0003-04-00001

ntie items-in-Secretary-General's statements - IX, 20 May 1965 - 28 September 1965

Date Created 20/05/1965

Record Type Archival Item

Container S-0886-0003: United Nations Documents of the Secretary-General: U Thant: Secretary-General's Statements

Print Name of Person Submit Image Signature of Person Submit L 20 May 1963 - 26 September 1965 VOLUME IX - SECRETART-GEHERAL STATEMENTS

No. Date Symbol 681. Welcome address by SG to Catholic editors 20 May 1965 SG/SM/302 682. Letter from Netherlands to SG on costs of peace-keeping force, Cyprus 20 May 1965 SG/SM/303 683. Speech by SG at Queen's University, 21 May 1965 SG/SM/304 Kingston, Ont., Canada, on 22 May 1965 SQ/T/60 (trip cancelled; statement read by SG/T/61 Chancellor of University on behalf of SG - see press releases SG/T/60 and SG/T/61)

66k. SG statement in SECCO on 21 May 1965 21 May 1965 SG/SM/305/Rev.l 685. SG statement in SECCO at afternoon meeting on 21 May 1965 21 May 1965 SG/SM/306 686. SG message to Colloque International de Nice 26 May 1965 SG/SM/307

687. SG remarks at annual NGO Conference 27 May 1965 Note No. 688. Letter from Luxembourg to SG on costs of peace -keeping force in Cyprus 27 May 1965 SG/SM/308 689. Letter from Malta to SG on costs of peace -keeping force in Cyprus 28 May 1965 SG/SM/310 690. SG statement in Trusteeship Council 28 May 1965 SG/SM/311 691. Note verbale from Nigeria to SG on costs of peace -keeping force, Cyprus 1 June 1965 692. SG statement at ninth meeting of Peace-keeping Committee, 2 June 2 June 1965 693. Note verbale from Italy to SG on costs of peace -keeping force in Cyprus 3 June 1965 69^. SG address at commencement exercises at Colby College, 6 June k June 1965 695- Congratulatory message from SG to President Johnson on Gemini Four Flight 7 June 1965 696. Letter from Denmark to SG on costs of peace -keeping force in Cyprus 7 June 1965 697. Statement by Mr. Narasimhan on behalf of SG at opening of conference on Transit Trade of Land-locked Countries 7 June 1965 SG/SM/318 - 2 -

No. Date Symbol

698. Letter from Belgium to SG on costs of peace-keeping force in Cyprus 10 June 1965 SG/SM/319 699, SG statement in SECCO on 11 June 1965 11 June 1965 SG/SM/320 700. SG receives honorary degree from Yale U. Ik June 1965 SG/T/62 701. Note verbale from Switzerland to SG on costs of peace-keeping force in Cyprus 15 June 1965 SG/SM/321

702. SG statement in SECCO on 18 June 1965 18 June 1965 SG/SM/324 703- 21 June 1965 SG/1651 70U. 22 June 1965 SG/1652 705. SG address at 20th anniversary of International Civil Aviation Organization (delivered on behalf of SG by Mr. Narasimhan) 22 June 1965 SG/SM/326

706. Danish Government plans to contribute to traning programme for South Africans 23 June 1965 SG/1653

707- SG announces contributions to International School 23 June 1965 SG/165U 708. SG statement on 20th birthday of UN (statement made in a film by UN TV) 23 June 1965 SG/SM/322 709- SG statement at airport, San Francisco 2*4- June 1965 Note No. 3158

710, SG message on minute for Peace Day 2k June 1965 SG/SM/327 711- SG presents medallion to US President at commemorative meeting in San Francisco 26 June 1965 SG/1655

712. SG address at commemorative meeting in San Francisco 28 June 1965 SG/SM/325/Rev

713. SG agrees to release Under-Secretary Suslov from UN Secretariat service 28 June 1965 SG/A/25 714. SG remarks at special convocation on Berkeley Campus, California, 26 June 29 June 1965 SG/SM/328 715- SG statement at convocation of Religion for World Peace, Cow Palace, California, 27 June 1965 29 June 1965 SG/SM/329 - 3 -

No. Date Symbol 7l6. Letter from Australia regarding cost of peace-keeping force in Cyprus 29 June 1965 SG/SM/330 71?• United States pledges contribution to education programme for South Africans 30 June 1965 SG/1656 718. SG leaves for Geneva to attend ECOSOC meetings 2 July 1965 SG/T/63

719. Messages of congratulations received by SG on 20th anniversary UN Charter 2 July 1965 SG/SM/331

720. Text of statement by SG at meeting of ECOSOC on 5 July in Geneva 3 July 1965 SG/SM/332

721. SG speaks to reporters at Orly airport, Paris. 3 July 1965 SG/T/64 722. Statement by spokesnan for SG on Commonwealth Peace Mission 5 July 1965 Note No.3161 723. SG visit to Red Cross Headquarters, Geneva 6 July 1965 SG/T/65 724. SG to stop over in London for talks with British Prime Minister 6 July 1965 SG/T/66 725. Sweden contributes to education programme for South Africans 7 July 1965 SG/1657 726. Limited number of fellowships and /grants planned for 1965-66 under education programme for South Africans 7 July 1965 SG/165S 727. SG to exchange views with French Foreign Minister in Paris 7 July 1965 bG/T/67

728. Text of SG statement to ECOSOC in debate 8 July 1965 SG/SM/333 729. SG preside at ACC meeting in Geneva 8 July 1965 SG/T/68 730. SG's arrival in Paris 8 July 1965 SG/T/69

731. SG's arrival in London (Corr.l) 8 July 1965 SG/T/70 732. SG meeting with Prime Minister in London 9 July 1965 SG/T/71

733- SG Press Conference at Palais des Nations 9 July 1965 Note No. 3162 73^. Remarks by SG at London airport 10 July 1965 SG/SM/331* 735 Remarks by SG at Kennedy airport 10 July 1965 Note No. - k - No. Date Symbol

736. Message by SG to President Johnson on death of Adlai E. Stevenson Ik July 1965 SG/SM/335 737- SG statement on death of Permanent Representative of United States Ik July 1965 SG/SM/336 738. Message of condolence from Pres. of GA on death of Adlai Stevenson 15 July 1965 SG/SM/337 GA/3034 739- SG statement at memorial ceremony for Adlai Stevenson 19 July 1965 SG/SM/338

740. SG receives cheques from Denmark and Norway as voluntary contributions 21 July 1965 80/1659 SG message on resumption of Conference of 27 July 1965 SG/SM/339 of 18-Nation Disarmament Cttee in Geneva

SG informal meeting on Mekong Development 28 July 1965 SG/1660 Programme

7^3- Text of letter to SG from Malta regarding 28 July 1965 SG/SM/340 cost of Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus

7kk- Text of letter to SG from Sweden regarding 28 July 1965 SG/SM/341 cost of Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus

Text of letter from SG to President of the 29 July 1965 SG/SM/3^2 United States

7U6 Text of letter to SG from Greece on cost 30 July 1965 SG/SM/3^3 of Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus

Text of message by SG to World Council 7 August 1965 SG/SM/3M* Meeting of YMCAs

Text of letter to SG from Jamaica on cost 9 August 1965 SG/SM/3U5 of Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus 7^9- Text of letter to SG from PR of Jamaica on voluntary contribution towards peace-keeping 16 August 1965 SG/1661

750. A.E. Nesterenko appointed Under-Secretary for Political and Secco Affairs 16 August 1965 SG/A/26 751- Letters exchanged between President Johnson and the SG on picture of planet Mars 21 August SG/SM/346

752. Statement by SG on the Kashmir situation^ 2^ August 1965 SG/SM/347 753. Messages from SG on Yemen peace agreement sent to King Kaisal and President Nasser 25 August 1965 SG/SM/348 75k. Text of message to SG from Turkey on expenses of peace-keeping force in Cyprus 26 August 1965 SG/SM/3^9 - 5 -

No. Date Symbol

755. Congratulations sent by SG to Pres. of USA on Gemini Flight 30 August 1965 SG/SM/350 756. SG sends message to Minister of Foreign Affairs of Chile on new disaster in country 30 August 1965 SG/SM/351 757- SG receives message from President of USA on opening of World Population Conf. 30 August 1965 SG/SM/352 758. Ghana pledges voluntary contribution 30 August 1965 SG/1663 759- Statement by SG on 31 August 1965 31 August 1965 SG/SM/353 (re GA res. 1991 (XVIIl)) 760. SG sends condolences to Switzerland on avalanche tragedy 1 September 1965 SG/SM/354 761. SG statement in General Assembly on 1 September 1965 1 September 1965 SG/SM/355 762. Text of identical cables sent by SG on 1 Sept. to Prime Minister of India and President of Pakistan 1 September 1965 SG/SM/356 763. Finland pledges voluntary contribution 2 September SG/166U to help UI solve its financial difficulties

76k. Text of letter from Venezuela to SG 2 September 1965 SG/SM/357 regarding peace -keeping expenses in Cyprus 765. Statement by SG in Security Council on 6 September 1965 6 September 1965 SG/SM/358 766. Nigeria confirms voluntary contribution to help UI solve financial difficulties 7 September 1965 SG/1665 767. SG to leave New York tonight for Pakistan 7 September 1965 SG/T/72 768. Statement on SG's visit to India and Pakistan 7 September 1965 SG/T/73 769. Statement by SG on departure for Pakistan and India 7 September 1965 SG/SM/359 770. SG arrives in London; has talks with For. Secretary: departs for Pakistan 8 September 1965 SG/T/74

771. Address by SG at 54th Conference of 8 September 1965 SG/SM/360 Inter-Parliamentary Union in Ottawa on 9 September (Read by Mr. Harasimhan on behalf of the SG) - 6 -

•o. Date Symbol 772- SG leaves Geneva for Pakistan and India 8 September 1965 SG/T/75 773- SG arrives in Karachi, Rawalpindi 9 September 1965 SG/T/76 Ilk. SG meets Iranian Prime Minister in Teheran 9 September 1965 SG/T/77 775- SG address on Staff D&y, 10 Sept.1965 10 September 1965 SG/SM/361 776. SG holds further talks with Foreign Minister of Pakistan 10 September 1965 SG/T/78 777- SG concludes talks in Pakistan; he leaves Karachi to Mew Delhi via Bombay 11 September 1965 SG/T/79 778. SG arrives in Mew Delhi; holds talks with Indian President, Prime Minister 12 September 1965 SG/T/80 779' SG holds consultations with Indian leaders 13 September 1965 SG/T/81 780. SG continues consultations with Indian leaders Ik September 1965 SG/T/82 781. SG message to World Conference on World Peace through Law Ik September 1965 SG/SM/362

782. SG leaves New Delhi for New York; makes statement at airport 15 September 1965 SG/SM/363 783. SG statement on arrival from India and Pakistan 16 September 1965 SG/SM/364 784. Letter from Finland to SG on cost of peace-keeping force in Cyprus 18 September 1965 SG/SM/365 785. SG statement in SECCO, 20 Sept.1965 20 September 1965 SG/SM/366

786. SG UN Day message 21 September 1965 SG/SM/367 787. Letter to SG from Republic of Korea regarding expenses of peace-keeping force in Cyprus 21 September 1965 SG/SM/368 788. SG statement at raising of Gambia and Singapore flags 22 September 1965 SG/SM/369 and Corr.1 789. Note verbale from Fed.Rep.of Germany to SG on costs of peace-keeping force in Cyprus 28 September 1965 SG/SM/370 728 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFOKMATJON MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/333 EC030C/2111 8 July 1905

TEXT OF STATEMENT BY SECRETARY-GENERAL TO ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL IN DEBATE ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND LTTJM/'N RIGHTS PROGRAMMES

(The following was received from the Information Service of the European Office of the United Nations, Geneva.)

The Secretary-General, U Thar.t, made a statement this morning in Geneva before the Economic and Social Council at the opening of its general debate on the following agenda items: "General review of the development, co-ordination arid concentration of the economic, social and human rights programmes and activities of the United Nations, the specialized agencies and the International Atomic Energy Agency as a whole"; and "Work programme of the United Nations in the economic, social and human rights fields". The text of the statement follows:

"This year, which is the midpoint of the Development Decade and the International Co-operation Year, is a time for stocktaking. "I emphasized in my statement earlier this week — and the documents before you underscore the point -- that so far as the greater part of the world is concerned, the goals of the Decade are still in the realm of aspiration, not that of achievement. I also tried to indicate, in the light of recent trends and the decisions of the Council and the General Assembly, some of the priority areas in which it seemed that the United Nations could be particularly helpful, and in which special efforts would be justified. "Today, in introducing items k and 35 of your agenda, I shall address myself to some practical aspects cf the same broad issue. Let me state at the outset that, in terms of institutions and programmes, the United Nations system has been greatly strengthened in the past few years. You will be hearing about some of those developments in the statements of the Eirectors-General of the specialized agencies and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/333 ECOSOC/2111 8 July 1965

"So far as the United Nations itself is concerned, I may mention, just as examples, the establishment of the United Nations Conference on Trade and De- velopment (UNCTAD), which has added a whole new dimension to our work; the prospective establishment of a United Nations Development Programme, as recommended to the General Assembly by this Council, which should greatly strengthen the whole basis on which our technical co-operation activities can be carried forward; the launching of the United Nations Institute on Training and Research (UNITAR), to strengthen the United Nations in carrying out its tasks in the economic and social, as well as in the political, fields; the reorientation and expansion of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF); and the consoli- dation and expansion of the Centre for Industrial Development. "I should also like to mention the impressive evolution of the joint United Nations/Food and Agriculture Organization World Food Programme, proposals for the continuation and expansion, of which are before you. "Not less than our institutional structure, the arrangements for maximum cc-operation and co-ordination have been developed. "One of the most powerful themes running through both the progress report on the Development Decade --a concerted product of the staffs of all the organizations concerned -- and my personal appraisal of how the Decade of Develop- ment stands at its midpoint, is the essential interdependence of the work of the United Nations family of organizations. In spite of the institutional and physical separation of the various members of that family, these reports, I believe, furnish a telling picture of co-operation. Although not written with a view to bringing inter-organization co-ordination into relief, they underline that, through innumerable and complex arrangements, the members of the United Nations system are working closely together. "That side of the picture is set out in greater detail, in respect of the past year, in the thirtieth and thirty-first reports of the Administrative Com- mittee on Co-ordination, which discuss solutions that have been found or proposed for a number of co-ordination problems and indicate certain areas where such solutions are still being sought. "A striking example, during the first half of the Development Decade, of dynamic co-operation among members of the United Nations family has certainly been the World Food Programme, to which I have just referred. Its achievements

(more) - 3 - Press Release SG/SM/333 ECOSOC/2111 8 July 1965 will continue to depend in large measure on close collaboration not only with its two parent organizations, the United Nations and FAO, but also with the other members of the United Nations family and the operational programmes of the United Nations System. "All these relationships -- and I have in mind, particularly, relations with the United Nations Development Programme -- will need to be developed still further if greater resources are, as I hope, forthcoming in the years to come. There have been many other developments of significance for the Development Decade which affect the pattern of inter-agency collaboration. "For example, attention has been given to the establishment of appropriate working relationships in the field of trade and development, both within the United Nations itself and among the United rations family of organizations. The United Nations Educational^ Scientific and Cultural Organization's World Programme against Illiteracy, which has just been launched, will rely heavily on the joint efforts of the United Nations family. "I night also mention the recent operational agreements between the World Ban1! and FAO and UNESCO and the increasing exchange of information and ideas on industrial development between the Centre for Industrial Development and one Special Fund, on the one hand, and the World Bank group on the other. I look for an intensification of this collaboration when the United Nations Develop- ment Programme comes into existence. "Collaboration between the interested members of the Administrative Com- mittee on Co-ordination (ACC) has proceeded apace in such fields as the economic and social consequences of disarmament, education and training, youth programmes, and science and technology. All members of the United Nations family are acutely aware that, as the Decade proceeds and the size and scope of these programmes expand, the need for co-operation among them will not decrease, but will "become even more significant. They are also very much alive to the need for a strengthening of other forms of co-operation. "Discussions have been held between the Chairman of the Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budget ary Quest ions and the ACC itself in April, and with senior finance officers of the specialized agencies earlier in the year. These have led, among other things, to the proposals contained in the ACC's report, which I hope will commend themselves to the Council, concerning the annual

(more) - k - Press Release SG/SM/333 ECOSOC/2111 8 July 1965 preparation of a single document giving systematic information about the total expenditures for the programmes of the United Nations and the specialized agencies. "I welcome the development of such closer relations "batwsen tire Advisory Committee and the ACC as a good augury for the strengthening and intensification of the work of the United Nations family as a whole, "I need hardly say that the strengthening of relations between the Council and the ACC is of importance, for it is obvioisly essential, no less for good co-ordination than for effective international action in favour of development. The executive heads of all our organizations should be fully alive to the preoccupations of the Council^ while the member3 of the Corrcil no doubt wish to be constantly avare of the thinking., as veil as the plans, c^porc^iities and problems, of the different U^iced Nations organisations. "Tne meeting arranger! last cunmer between the ACC and the officers of the Council and the Chairman of its Co-ordination Committee was a useful first step towards such closer co-operation. The second such meeting, which was held yesterday, and on which the President himself will report, was no less valuable and marked a further meeting of minds. "At this halfway stage in the Development Decacia, it is appropriate for us in the United Nations to t-i7r.e a dispassionate look not only at our successes, but also at our lack of success. The documentation before you is, you will find, a mine of information about what has and what has not been achieved in the last five years in such priority areas as industrial developnent, the financing of development, planning, population and the development of natural resources. "What lessons are to be learned? What successes should we follow up? What failings are to be put right? "I have already suggested that a major task facing the Council and the Secretariat in the years to cocie will be to use more fully the instruments at our disposal, and I am sure that during your debates in the coming weeks, many of you will provide answers, sometimes perhaps disquieting answers, to these broad questions. "Today, I will touch on some techniques uhich should, I believe, prove helpful in increasing what one representative referred to a few datys ago as the productivity of our work. First, it seems to me to be axiomatic that if the (.more) - 5 - Press Release SG/SM/533 ECOSOC/2111 8 July 1965 Council is to fulfil its role as the governing body for the economic, social and human rights programmes of the United Nations itself, it must have full information about the work programme of the United Nations in these fields, and also an adequate indication of the deployment of the budgetary resources available for carrying out the programmes. "*^hile in past years we have not been able to put before you such comprehensive information on this subject, a tentative model for a.i annual presentation of our work prograrnr.e and budgetary resources is contained this year in document E/U070. Although it covers only the work of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs at Headquarters, this document will enable the Council to obtain for the first tine a reasonably precise idea cf what we are doing in each major area and how much this is costing. Its essential findings have already been presented to the Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Quest!one, fron which comments are expected shortly. "Secondly, the Council has in recent years expressed not only the wish to have a clearer picture of the total scope of the programme undertaken by the United Nations and other members of the United Nations family, but also to look at their efficacy. In past years, the operational programmes of the United Nations have benefited from individual criticisms of members of the Technical Assistance Committee, the Governing Council of the Special Fund, and this Coun- cil iuself. Various partial evaluations -- of social programmes and of fellowships, for example -- have from time to time been undertaken. "We are now, in response to the Council's request, in the process of ex- perimenting with a new.technique -- the evaluation of the over-all impact of the technical co-operation programmes of the United Nations and the specialized agencies in a few selected countries. It is too early to say how much we shall learn from these evaluations now being undertaken with the active co-operation of the Governments of Chile and Thailand and the agencies of the United Nations family. But we hope to learn much.and to use this experience in organizing evaluation projects in a limited number of additional countries in the coming year. "These evaluation projects will, I trust, prove an important instrument for increasing the support for United Nations technical co-operation activities. For I am convinced that Governments will be prepared to give greater support to

(more) - 6 - Press Release ECOSOC/2111 8 July 1965 our programmes when they realize that we are engaged in a continual process of appraising our successes and our failures with a view to meeting more adequately the requests made of us. "The techniques of evaluation are difficult and much experimentation is still required, but I believe that evaluation should gradually become an inte- gral part of our operational activities. It is only in such a manner that we can hope to utilize to the full the resources available to us. "Thirdly, we must ask ourselves what is the impact of that part of our research and analytical work which is concerned with the broad field of intei- national economic and social policy. While it will certainly be no easy task to evaluate effectively the operational programmes of the United Nations, it is very much more difficult to naka any scientific evaluation of the impact of our research work and to ascertain, for example, what effect it has on the decision- making process of Governments. "It is true, of course, that the technical assistance provided by the United nations is based very largely on that research work. Furthermore, it can, I think, safely be said that much of the material produced by the United Nations and its sister agencies is being used by Governments and experts throughout the world as a "basis for planning and implementing economic and social development programmes. "It is also true that many of the ideas about economic and social development which are now generally accepted were first pioneered -- and often criti- cized -- in United Nations organizations. Nevertheless, we have to ask ourselves whether we cannot make the fruits of our research and analysis even more effective tools in the hands of the Governments. Should we not endeavour to orient our reports in such a way as to facilitate more directly the task of Governments in deciding on new policies or programmes? "We have placed seme models before you. For example, in preparing the fourth report on land reform, we have not been content with a description of existing programmes of land reform, but have also tried to analyse their main ingredients and implications, such as ways in which land reform can increase employment opportunities and the problem of compensation payments. "Again, in my fifth report on the promotion of the international flow of private capital, I have put forward some tentative suggestions about new (more) - 71- Press Release SG/SM/333 ECOSGC/2111 8 July 1965 approaches to the problem of increasing the flow of technical know-how to the developing countries. In addition to inaking our reports more action- and policy-oriented, we also propose to make greater us£ °£ short summaries and conclusions, in the belief that these will be useful to those who are responsible for policy decisions but who often do not have the time to read long documents. "I need hardly add that if we are to succeed in this endeavour of increasing the practical impact of our v/ork in the general field of international economic and social policies, it is absolutely essential for us to maintain the very highest standards of research and analysis. It is only when set on such firm foundations that policy recommendations -- whether they be on development planning, fiscal policy or such technical matters as desalination --^can in good conscience be put before Governments. "Fourthly, I would hope to see developed, both during the Council1s sessions and at other times, in every fruitful way, a constructive dialogue between-the United Nations Secretariat and the Council. "My predecessor, Mr. Dag Hammarskjold, expressed the view to the Council 11 years ago, that such a dialogue is vital to the success of the United Nations' efforts to help two-thirds of mankind to escape from poverty, hunger, disease and ignorance. This is surely no less true today. "The ACC's latest report contains a statement to which I should like to draw your attention: "'The members of the ACC deem it fit, on this occasion, to place particular emphasis on the steady progress achieved in the building of peace through co-operative action in the economic, social and cultural fields and to lay stress on the indisputable value of the results to which this international co-operation has already led. "'They are unanimously convinced that such co-operation, which the agencies of'the United Nations system are empowered and equipped to piomote and to assist, the essentially technical character of which is a prerequisite for its success, must be further considerably strengthened and intensified, so as to respond more adequately to the increasing needs of the developing countries and to the promotion of peace and progress in the world as a whole.1 "I am not going to argue once again today the case for expanding the activities of the international organizations or for entrusting them with a larger share of the task of promoting development. But it can surely not be denied

(more ) - 8 - Press Release SG/SM/333 ECOSOC/2111 8 July 1965 that the advantages of multilateral action to promote and accelerate development become more compelling year by year. My ACC colleagues will be telling you of possibilities opening up for the work of their respective agencies. "As regards the prospects for the United Nations itself, I must return to a subject which is dealt with in my recent paper on financial implications of the actions of the Council and is implicit in the document on the work programme and budget of the United Nations in the economic, social and human rights fields. "The fact is that the method of relating our financial resources to our needs has not been functioning satisfactorily, and a major discrepancy has developed between the rapidly growing scope and ran^e of the tasks which have been entrusted to us by successive decisions of the General Assembly and the Council, and the means of implementing them. "I believe it is time to look into this machinery; and in this year, when so much attention is focused on the question of the United Nations financial position, I have been compelled to put forward to the General Assembly a request for a sizeable increase in resources. "I cannot but recognize the need for substantial additional funds in respect of the Centre for Industrial Development, if we are to implement the dynamic policy laid down which has the support of all groups of nations. In this connexion, I found the statement made by the representative of the United Kingdom on Monday most heartening. "The work of the UNCTAD also requires a major increase in expenditures. In other areas, the increases needed are much smaller but no less indispensable. "In this connexion, the remarks of the Advisory Committee on the Applica- tion of Science and Technology are, I think, worth quoting. In their second report, the Committee stated that 'It must stress that without such a modest financial backing, it will be quite impossible for the Committee to render useful service .. . ' "If, as I trust, the necessary additional financial resources are made available, and if arrangements can be worked out to ensure a more systematic correlation between progranmie and budget, I am confident that we shall be able to maintain and even raise our standards in carrying out the programmes to which this Council and the General Assembly have assigned priority, and that the United Nations will, in the years ahead, be able to make a still more vital contribution to the achievement of the goals of the Development Decade — goals which are inextricably linked with the future prosperity and i^eace of mankind." * *#* *

U 1] I T 2 D NATIONS

treSS t>ei?YiceS Office of Puolic Information . United-Nation?, N.Y. • (FOR-USE OF .INFORMATION MEDIA -- HOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/T/oJ 7 July 1965

SSCRE5VOT-G-M3RAL _T_0_^CHA^GE,_YI1=3.IHTII FTJSNCH FOREIGN MINISTER IN ¥.%3IS OM WAJ BACK TO NEW YORK

(The following was received fron a United Nations Information Officer accompanying the Secretary-General to Geneva.)

In opening remarks made at a press conference this morning in Geneva, the Secretary-General, U Thant, announced that, on his way back to New York, he planned to stop in Paris for a few hours on Thursday to exchange views with Maurice Couve de Murville, Foreign Minister of France, on matters of mutual interest. On Friday, 9 July, the Secretary-General will stop in London, at the invitation of Prime Minister Harold Wilson of the United Kingdom, to discuss with him, as veil as with other leaders who happen to be in London at that time, problems of common interest. The Secretary-General will be back in New York on Friday evening. Asked about his views and his efforts to bring about a peaceful settlement in Viet-Nam, the Secretary-General said he had been engaged for the past two years in private discussions on this question. At some stages, he had presented some proposals to the Governments primarily concerned. So far, the results of these discussions had not been conclusive, he stated. The Secretary-General reiterated his belief that: (l) military methods would not bring a peaceful solution in Viet-Nam; (2) the first prerequisite for the restoration of peace was the cessation of all military activities by all parties; (^} to achieve these things, discussions must involve those who are actually fighting.

(more) - 2 - Press Release SG/T/67 7 July 19C5

The Secretary-General added: "Total victory or total defeat is out of the question. To achieve peace, discussions must take place and a solution is possible -- as Senator Fulbright remarked -- only on the basis of major concessions by all parties involved." The Secretary-General went on to say that he was looking forward to the exchange of views with the French Foreign Minister in Paris and with the British Frine Minister in London end also with President Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana and Prime Minister Eric Williams of Trinidad and Tobago, who may be in London on Friday. Asked whether it would help if he took the initiative to go to Hanoi and Peking, the Secretary-General replied that sojie friends in New York and some well-meaning representatives had sujgesbed this course to him. He said he was aware of the difficulties and the obstacles to complying with such a request. The contention of the Governments in Peking and Hanoi had been that if the Secretary-General of the United Nations was to be involved in discussions,.such - •- discussions should take place somewhere other than in those cities. The fact that the two Governments concerned were not members of the United Nations was one reason why the Security Council could not be usefully involved in finding a peaceful solution to the Viet-Nam question, the Secretary-General added. Asked about a suggestion to change the voting system in the United Nations, the Secretary-General replied that this suggestion was not realistic and he be- lieved that "one country, one vote",irrespective of the size and wealth of a country, was the most democratic principle. Questioned as to the prospects for a meeting of the Eighteen-Nation Disarma- ment Committee in Geneva, the Secretary-General said that the greatest casualty of serious developments in some parts of the world was the detente in East-West relations. He added that the psychological climate was not very congenial, but he hoped that the Eighteen-Nation Disarmament Committee would meet at the earliest opportunity in Geneva. Concerning the situation in the Dominican Republic, he told a questioner that he had been receiving reports from his Representative there every day. The situation was relatively quiet, aud he proposed to submit a comprehensive report to the Security Council early next week, he stated.

(more) - 5 - Press Release SG/T/6? 7 July 1965

Asked about the financial crisis cJ the United Kations, the Secretary- General expressed sincere thanl-s to the United Kingdom Government and other Governments which had come forward with generous pledges of vcluntary contributions to the United Nations. He added that the unanimous view of members of the Special Committee on Peace-Keeping Operations was that the next session of General Assembly should function normally. V/hen he was asked to assess the chances of success of the Commonwealth Peace Mission, the Secretary-General said tbat until he had discussions with members of the Mission, he was not in a position to assess its potentialities.

Other Activities cf Seer eta ry-Gsnerc,! Also this morning, the Secre^ary^General visited the headquarters of the Internc.tional Committee cf the Red Croso asd was greeted by President Samuel Gonard and other executives. The Secretary-General participated in the monthly meeting of the Cornnittee and heard reports on its activities in the Congo, Yemen and Cyprus, as well as the Committee's efforts in Viet-Nam and the Dominican Republic, The Secretary''General paid tribute to the humanitarian task of the Red Cross. At noon today, the Secretary-General met with Adlai E. Stevenson, Permanent Representative of the United States to the United Kations. The Secretary-General was sch.edu2.ed to meet with F. Wahlen, Chief of the Political Department of Switzerland, at 5:30 p.m. today. This evening U Thant will attend a dinner given in his honour by the Cercle de la Presse et des Amities Etrangeres.

-x- 726 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Publ-vj Information United ifetiors, II. Y. (FOR USE OF IKJOaMiViJION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/1658 7 July 1965

^^ J^M^L FOR 1565-66 ACADEMIC_^EAR Jiff D :.'!?,. EDUCATION PRCGRAI^ FOR J30UTH AFRICANS

The Secretary-General, U Thant, has rr.ade arrangements for a limited number of fellowships and grants to be provided during the academe year 1965-66 for qualified candidates, under the educational and training programme abroad for South Africans- The Secretary -General has been in consultation with the Directors -General of the United Nations specialized agencies on establishment of the programme, authorized "by the Security Council on 18 June 1964.* Plans are expected to "be completed within the next few months, and the programme will probably come into full operation by the beginning of 1966. Meanwhila, according to the arrangements announced today., assistance to a limited number of candidates will be granted for vocational and technical training and for education at the senior secondary and college level for the academic year 1965-66. These fellowships ar.i grants will be financed by voluntary contributions from Member States. A total of $23 73 000 has been pledged so far by Member States for this initial stage of the programme, &s follows: United Kingdom, $70,000; Ilcrway, $25, COO; Denmark, $j? 7, COO; United States, $75,000; Sweden, $30,000. The Secretary-General has designated M.A. Vellodi, Deputy to the Under- secretary and Director of the Department of Political and Security Council Affairs, as interim director of the program-Die at this initial stage. Application blanks for fellowships and grants will be available at Room > United Nations Headquarters, and at United Nations offices abroad.

* Resolution S/5773 of 1° June 1964. 725 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information Ur:ited Ifclous, K,Y, (FOR USE OF INFORMATION IISDIA -- HOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/1657 7 July 1965

SWEL3IJ Cv ... PROGRAMME FOR SOUTU AFRICANS

The Secretary-General,, U Thant, has been informed by the Permanent Representative of Sweden to the United Nations that, in connexion with the Education and Training Programme for South Africans authorized by the Security Council in resolution S/577;} of 13 June 1964, the Swedish Govern- ment has. decided to make a voluntary contribution of $30,000.

*- -x-

UNITED NATIONS

"^rST'S ^611" J*^ C3^ Office of Public In^u.-aation United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/T/66 6 July 1965

SECRETARY-GENERAL TO STOP OVER ITT LONDON FOR TALKS WITH BRITISH FRIIIS MINISTER

(The following was received from a United Nations Information Officer accompanying the Secretary-General, who is now in Geneva.)

Asked to comment on reports from London that Prime Minister Harold Wilson of the United Kingdom has invited the Secretary-General, U Thant, to stop over in London for talks, a spokesman for the Secretary-General said today;

"At the invitation of Prime Minister Wilson, the Secretary-General will step over in London on his way back to New York."

The Secretary-General left New York for Geneva on 2 July. (See press release SG/T/6J.)

*••** •* 723 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, W.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT ATI OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/T/65 6 July 1965

SZCK3TART-GFKSFAI; VISITS B?D CPOSS

(The following W9s received from a United Nations Information Officer accompanying the Secretary-General.)

The Secretary-General,, U T'hazrt, this ir.orning visited the headquarters of the League of Red Cross Societies in Geneva, where he was received by Henrik Beer, Secretary-General of the League,and other officials. At an informal gathering of about 150 erapJ.oyees and volunteers of the League and its affiliated societies in many lands, Mr. Beer welcomed the Secretary-General . and paid tribute to his efforts, noting similarities between the objectives of the League and the United Fations Charter. Responding, U Thant referred to the "noble work" of the Red Cross Societies and to the aims of the Charter to promote tolerance between individuals and nations. This evening the Secretary-General will attend a reception by Pier Spinelli, Director of the European Office of the United Nations, for permanent representatives at the Palais des Nations, Geneva.

W .M.M U IT FV H H 7SS UNITED HATIONS press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFOBMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECOBD)

Note No. 3l6l 5 July 1965

NOTE TO CORRESPONDENTS

In response to queries regarding a meeting between the Secretary- General, U Thant, and the Commonwealth Peace Mission, which was tenta- tively arranged for Wednesday, 7 July, the following statement was issued by a spokescan for the Secretary-General:

"The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Mr. Harold Wilson, informed the Secretary-General last night (k July) that, in the light of the recent developments regarding the Commonwealth " Peace Mission, the projected meeting between the Secretary-General and the Mission will not take place on 7 July in Geneva, as had been planned." 721 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF BIFOHMATIGN MEDIA — NOT ATI OFFICIAL RECOFD)

Press Release SG/T/64 '} July 1965

TO luroKTiaU- A: OIULY

(The following was received from the United Nations Information Centre in Paris . )

Th-3 Secretary-General told reporters last niglat (Friday), during a short stopover at Orly Airport, Paris, on his way to Geneva, that in a speech he would make next week to the Economic and Social Council, he would make an assessment at halfway point in the United Nations Development Decade* Asked about a possible visit by Pope Paul to United Nations Headquarters, the Secretary-General said such reports were premature. If such a decision was made it would be announced from the Vatican. Concerning the twentieth session of the General Assembly, the Secretary- General eaid the Assembly would open on 21 September as planned. In answer to a query about United Nations action in Viet-Nam, the Secretary-General said this question was not before the United Nations, but that he himself, however, was continuing his own efforts for a peaceful settlement. In reply to another question on the African Asian Conference in Algiers next November, the Secretary-General said that i1j would be difficult for him to leave United Nations Headquarters while the General Assembly was in session.

-X-K-* * 720 UNITED NATIONS Press Services ' Office of Public Information United. Nations, N.Y0 (FOR USE OF I^OI^IATIOI-I MBDI^ -- NOT AW OFFICIAL RECORD)

CAUTION; ADVANCE RELEASE Press Release SG/SM/332 Not for use before 3 July 1965 10 a.m. EDT, 5 July

TEXT O^.gTATOOTJ BY. THE SECRETARY -GHuTOAL AT MEET.TKG OF ECOFCI-IIC AW SOCL^_COyi'ICI'L CN ^ JULY IN GENEVA

Following is tLe text of tie statement naJe oy the Secretary-General, U Thant, in Geneva before the Z.icnoiidc end Soc.'.al Council today, Monday 5- July ^ at *te opening of the general detato ou tiiS dgoscta Hoirs ooncerr ^zg the .i-G.ticna Dferalopmcr/o Docad-, vorld tectonic trends, and rev lew .^cd re- of the Council *s role r.nd functlocs;

"The Econc2iic and. Social Council is here assembled for the seventeenth time to review the world economic situation in the light, or at least with the help_, of the Secretariat's World Economic Survey. "This traditional review of current developments has not lost any of its importance, providing as it dees an opjjortunity for Member Governments to present and compare their individual evaluations cf the developments in question. The ups and downs of economic activity in the various countries , the strains and imbalances encountered in the process of economic growth throughout the vorld, have already "been analysed in a number of reports from various national and inter na.tic.nal sources , but they become fully significant only vhcn appraised in relation to each other and in the global perspective of the world economy; from the vantage point which the Council provides. "Even ijore important, however , is the background against which these developments have taken place, and the trends which underlie the current happenings. Ten years ago the practice began of devoting Part I of the World Economic Survey to the study of trends in relation to a particular problem area in the field of economic development. The problem area we have chosen for tbis year is that of

development planning. Further to my colleagues' analyses cf the hopes; attempts and ejcperiences of national planners, it may be fitting for me, on this occasion, to concentrate in these opening remarks on the United Nations Development Decade. - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/332 3 July 1965

"Where does the world community stand in the mid-sixties? What difficulties have been CTIcounterad and what progress has been made, on the one hand, by national governments and, on the other, by the international agencies of the United Nations family? The documentation we have placed before you in an attempt to answer these questions provides, as always, a picture containing both light and shadow, which I have ventured to reduce in my appraisal, to three general propositions: first, the gap of per capita incor.es between rich and poor nations continues to widen; second, limitations in resources continue to be pushed back by the progress of science and technology; third, the limltaLijr;s which r emu in. arc those o:C our ability to organize ourselves with enough courage, purpose and coherence to wipe out the r.xC'st glaring disparities aai create a world society in which both the fruits of progress and the burdens of respoicibility will be more equally shared, "However true the.je three general propositions may be, an effort to see hew the last one applies to the various facets of our current situation provides new reasons for hop.s as well as for concern. "Take population, not as an example, but an the most preoccupying question, perhaps, of those requiring our attention. Little has yet been done beyond trying to ascertain its evolution in general terms -- that is, in effect, beyond evaluating th.3 shadow it casts on development efforts -- and even thia has not yet been done effectively enough. Yet, judging from the questions being asked, the discussions taking place among clerics and among laymen, among public officials and among private citizens, I feel that there is a powerful movement afoot throughout the world to bring about a better understanding of what our problems and possibilities are in this respect. Nobody can yet see what the practical consequences of such a widespread increase in awareness and receptivity will be, but the new attitudes c.re very encouraging. "New attitudes towards the population problems should stimulate the war against disease and famine. Much has Lecn done already by th3 Food • and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization to help wage

(more) - 3 - Press Release SG/SM/352 3 July 1065

this war more effectively, as demonstrated in particular by the 'Freedcm- from Hunger' Campaign. There is still too much complacency about public health, however, and also about food supply, in spite of the wide disparities which exist in sanitary conditions and in nutritional standards, as indicated by. the striking differences in the number of doctors per thousand inhabitants and in the per capita protein intake in industrialized countries compared to developing ones. "Education may help dispel this complacency, however, and here again, I feel that we can find some encouragement in the progress made since the beginning of the present decc.de. While w^ are still far from having made headway in the problem of illiteracy among increasing populations, there is not only more awareness everywhere about the need for better education facilities but also a mere systematic effort to build up thosa facilities, bo re-examine what education is and what it should be in our century, to . broaden access to it, tc devise new methods of imparting it. "This is happening all over the world, with more developing countries setting aside an increasing part of their revenue for building schools, training and employing teachers, through naticaal efforts supplemented by a growing component of international co-operation. "But the encouraging trend in education is somewhat offset by the lack of progress towards solving related problems. The younger generation certainly receives more attention today than it did a few years ago. Social and economic experts now agree that youth should be viewed as our most important resource, in the development of which much public investment is warranted. Nevertheless, little has been done to make use of it as an agent for the promotion of international understanding and development. "True, more people, and more young people in particular, cross national borders and meet more people, more young people, from other countries for their mutual enrichment. Arid there are more volunteer schemes which I find of compelling interest as experiments. 1 am looking forward to the time when the average youngster—and parent or employer—will consider one or two years of work for the cause of development, either in a faraway country or in a depressed area of his own community, as a normal part of one's education. (more) - If - Press Release SG/3M/332 3 July 1965

"While youth is becoming the object of considerable governmental and intergovernmental attention, this is not yet the case, as far as I can see, with respect to the problems created by the migration towards "big cities of country people who have just learned enough to app.'.y for the jobs of yesterday in the modern urban environne.it. There is, so far, little insight, 1 believe, into the determinant.': and consequences of urban migrations, riot to speak of tha means cf

(ir ere) - 5 - Press Release SG/SM/332 3 July 1965

"Fortunately, there is no longer so much complacency about a related question, that of international liquidity. In spite of controversies, differences among the various schools of thought have now become less marked. The seriousness of the discussions which are taking place about the foundations of the international monetary system, and the forward-looking character of some of the various plans suggested for broadening the basis of international credit proceed from -che conviction -- widely shared nowadays — that, in the present state of international monetary relations, we are not equipped, as we should be, for sustaining the higher levels of economic activity and intercourse which are sought everywhere. Tl.is readiness to seek improvements in our collective ability to meet the chalJ/ nge of modern times is very heartening. "Another heartening trend, which we may note in this context, is the progress of regional schemes for economic co-operation and development financing. When we see countries within a continent become conscious of common development problems, anxious to make their efforts to solve them mutually supporting and ready to embark upon a joint venture to this effect, then, I submit, we are witnessing progress. I am sure you will agree that the increasingly active support given to developing countries by your regional commissions and other regional bodies in this connexion is most gratifying and deserving of encouragement. "With respect to development financing, in particular, it seems to me that the establishment of regional development banks, far from representing a departure from the strengthening of world-wide financial relations, significantly contributes to the diversification of investments and the multilateralization of aid. I hope that through regional development banks in less developed areas, more resources frcm within and outside the areas concerned can be mobilized for multi-national projects and for undertakings which could not be meaningful within a purely national market, as is often the case in the industrial field.

(more) - 6 - Press Release SG/SM/332 3 July 1965

"Special emphasis te'.sbee n placed in recent years on industrial development, and there seems to be general agreement in all United Nations forums that we should intensify our efforts to promote it. An encouraging start has already been made in this respect, and we are doing everything possible to gain momentum in this field. "Here again, however, questions of attitude are involved, and whether or not industrialization of developing countries can fully benefit from progress in science and technology during the coning years depends to a great extent, it seems to me, upon the ability of policy-makers, investors and entrepreneurs throughout the world to dispose of a vexing paradox in a truly international spirit. The paradox is that, while we need more technology for a better world, fewer nations can develop this technology. ''The discoveries and innovations which push farther and farther the licit£• of a country's potential ability to increase and diversify its production, its trade and the coasumrtion patterns of its inhabitants.* its ability to maintain or improve its place in the community of nations, today are the fruit of research activities which have become so costly, whiuh require such an accumulation of public or private capital, prior to any immediately productive investment, that only the great Powers can afford to pursue them. "The risks of the technological gap which are beginning to disturb small and medium-sized developed countries are no less serious for the developing countries, where the need for initial accesc to modern technology available abroad tends to overshadow concern for future autonomous technological development. However successful current efforts to achieve better education and training, to disseminate existing know-how, more effectively, to improve the international division of labour and to develop national research and technology may be., those governments or enterprises which can afford to devote each year hundreds of millions of dollars to building and manning new laboratories, testing facilities and industrial complexes will maintain a decisive advantage in the technological race which is shaping the destiny of man, "Does this mean that raore advanced methods and processes are bound to arouse fears of foreign domination? Vie shall not escape from this prospect unless we can devise ways of inspiring all concerned with a new international spirit. (more) - 7 - Press Release SG/SM/3.^ 3 July 1965

"Perhaps it is not realistic to expect that before the end of the decade we shall have witnessed significant progress in the international- ization of research end its application. At least we can hope that, with the help of our new Advisory Committee on Science and Technology, the next few years will "bring about a significant increase in the transfer and adaptation of research and technology over the whole range of human endeavours. "While nations are still moving very slowly tovards realizing their interdependence, they seem to recognize increasingly the interrelationships of their activities. Tcday one does not hear about economic or social development, but about development and itc various facets; or.e does not mention trade without raising the issues of aid; one does not discuss the chances of industrial development without having to reflect upon the many difficulties which are still besetting us with respect to the crucial problem of agricultural development. The interrelationship among the different problems confronting us in the econoinic and social fields is now evident enough to sustain an urge to comprehend their changing pattern and a desire to ensure that the solutions sought are mutually compatible and coherent. "Tnis new receptivity, this urge and this concern fir.d their expression in the role that planning has recently come to assume in the world of today. At the beginning of the decade, the word and the concept were beginning to gain wider acceptance, but it is in the last few years that comprehensive development plans have come to be regarded in more and more countries not as fashionable declarations of intent but as indispensable instruments.for the transformation of our environment. The fact that, in so many capitals, policy-makers are now conscious that development requires a comprehensive approach, a strategy integrating all sectoral efforts in a forward-looking manner, seems to me a mor.entaus change of attitude in the right direction. "To be sure, the techniques of formulating and implementing plans are still very tentative. Yet, some countries are now embarking on their fourth or fifth plan, and much valuable experience has accumulated which

(more) - 8 - Press Release 3 July 1965 needs to be brought together, analysed and submitted for the reflection of national planners. t!This need, which is increasingly felt, has prompted me to make a special effort to strengthen further the ability of the Secretariat to keep in touch with these planners, to keep itself informed of what they are doing and to answer their requests for information or advice, requests which are increasing not only in number but also in significance and complexity. Thus, it is interesting to note that more and more planners deplore having to improvise national projections of the world economy while the movements of the world economy can best be reen from the vantage point of an international secretariat such as ours. "This new awareness and these new requirements, the addsc3. importance lent to the global perspective by the intensification of sectoral efforts, throw into relief the central position of your Council. I an gratified to note that my suggestion cf last year that a review and reappraisal of your functions and machinery should be undertaken has commended itself to the Council's attention RS reflected in your agenda. "The situation with respect to the institutional system born from the Charter is and will remain an evolutionary one influenced by the decisions of the General Assembly. But the dynamism of the General Assembly should not adversely affect that of the Council; quite the contrary, as it is incumbent upon the Council to prepare the ground for the General Assembly 's discussions and decisions on major economic and social questions. "Indeed, when one looks at the broad range and variety of social and economic issues covered by your agenda, with the responsibilities of the General Assembly in mind, one appreciates the special place which this Council occupies in an apparatus designed to promote and sustain an effort of international co-operation which must touch on all aspects and combine the action of the numerous centres of initiative with which the world community has equipped itself.

(more) - 9 - Press Release SG/SM/332 3 July 1965

"At the recent session, your Special Comnittee on Co-ordination has~~found it worthwhile to record a possible distinction between the role of the Council as a governing tody, its repponsibilities as a co-ord.inator and its function as a forum for discussion and femulation cf broad international economic and social policy. The Three are very important and the last is not the least deserving of consideration if again you refer to the Development Decade, its meaning and implications. "We all agree on the aspirations which are embodied in the concept of the Development Decade but our attempts to translate them into a practical endeavour have not yet crystallized. Should we call the Decade a programme o:T concerted action? Froin this point cf view, 1 believe that we can determine in a forward-lco^ng manner and with greater accuracy what will bo the major elements of a broad co-operative effort of the. organizations of the United Nations family. The share of the United Nations in this effort will include a scries of projects intended to cast more light on the bearing cf demographic factors on the process of development. Racking hi^h among our priority projects will also be the study of the phenomenon of urbanization in its social, economic and technical aspects, the evaluation of the experience gained with urgan communities as focal points of development and the investigation of the problems of low-cost housing. "Work on industrial development and international trade is being intensified on all the issues vrhich their promotion involves. We intend to go 'into the problems which arise in connexion with the measurement of capital flows, to subject development financing to more systematic analysis and to help in the improvement of its institutional infrastructure. "With respect to development planning, the intention is to carry further and increase the scale of our research and operational activities with the benefit of the advice of high-level experts, bringing to bear on our work the experience of their governments in this discipline; to this end, on the basis and in the spirit of your resolution 1035 (XXXVII), I intend as a first step to convene a small consultative group of outstanding experts, specialists

(more) - 10 - Press Release SG/SM/3J52 3 July 1965 in the field of development planning, men who actually shape the development strategies in their respective countries and whose official positions would not prevent them from serving the United Nations in a personal capacity. "The purpose would be to provide me with advice as to how we can develop our activities better to serve governments, collectively through your Council and the General Assembly and individually through our programmes of technical co-operation, including, if postJ.Lble, advice on the assumptions we could make and models we might attempt to devise for giving a firmer basis to our future analytical and prospective work of world-wide or regional scope, "But beyond concerted action in priority preas of work on the part of international agencies, could ve not conceive of the United Nations Develop- ment Decade as the closest thing 'there can be to the kind of perspective planning a world community of sovereign states may wish to give itself? "The General Assembly proclaimed the Decade, but it is in this Council that the discussion, stimulated by the thinking of the vast arrey of bodies and agencies reporting to you, can concentrate on priorities, on the measurement of progress, or lack thereof, towards objectives and targets, on the evaluation of performance, at the national and international level, And perhaps the Council can help the General Assembly not only to provide the general orientation and guideposts for all that can be done within the framework of the United Nations Development Decade but also to prepare the ground for our future undertakings, while pursuing the current ones. "Development planners attempt to improve their techniques of forecasting and programming from one period to the next. I think that, likewise, we should try to move from the rather loose catalogue of desiderata and broad objectives which served us far the first half of the Decade to a better correlation and articulation of our work programmes, with the benefit of our experience as we see it accruing and as we can project it. "This would mean trying, after a thorough analysis of the factors at work and over the whole front of the activities conducted by the various organisations of the United Nations family, to translate our broad objectives into specific targets, not only for global growth but also for progress in the main sectors,

(more) - 11 - Press Release SG/SM/332 3 July 1965 taking into account their interrelations. This would involve the adoption of methods, the setting up of mechanisms, lor appraising actual trends and performance "by reference to those targets, with a view to adapting international action to the needs revealed by such appraisals'. It would also presuppose tentative projections of the possible expansion and reorientation of our programmes and of the attending costs. "These things are by no means easy, tut I cannot help feeling that if a beginning is made early enough, the community of nations which the United Nations represent could be ready for more coherent effective action in the economic and social fields by the end of the present decade. If properly conducted and sustained, our efforts during the next few years may enable us, not only to improve upon our record for the first half of the ?3cade, but also to lay the groundwork systematically for the next period,, "To think that ve may be at a specially important juncture is a frequent temptation in the world of today to which we should not succumb too often, if we are to deal with our problems vith enough serenity. I believe,., ho we've?, that the circumstances which have led to placing on the same agenda the review of the world economic trends, the review of the progress so far made during the current decade, and the review and reappraisal of the role and functions of your Council, lend special importance to the discussions in which you are about tc engage. The examination of national planning efforts and of the ways in which the Council might best play its part and organize its work in the present context of United Nations responsibilities and activities in the economic and social fields are mutually related matters. "Let me only say, in conclusion, that I consider these responsibilities and activities as being of outstanding value and significance, corresponding as they do to the objective of our Organization to lessen the tensions between North and South which, as I have often said, are intrinsically more serious than those still obtaining between East and West. "It is this conviction which has led me to propose to the General Assembly, at a time of financial crisis, within a budget which I wanted to keep as modest as I could, sizeable increases in the resources needed for work in the economic and social fields.

(more) - 12 - Press Release SG/SM/332 3 July 1965

I dare hope that tbs political, constitutional and financial difficulties which we are experiencing with respect to peace-keeping operations will not affect the willingness of governments to provide the ways and means of sustaining United Nations action towards the objectives of the Development Decade, These hopes rest on the assumption that your Council will presant to the General Assembly a convincing case for a work programme along the lines which we have attempted to Indicate o.i tlie basis of your past resolutions and those of your subsidi'iry bodies." 719 U N I- 'T E D NATIONS Press Services Office ci Public Information United. Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION i-iEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/33I 2 July 1965

MESSAGES OF CONGMTUMIONS ECEIVED BY SECRETARY- GS PIT TWENTIETH AMI^ItSARy OF SIGNffGOF. UNITEIKATrO CHARTER

On the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of the signing of the United Nations Charter, on 26 June, the Secretary-General, U Thant, received the following me s cages fron Heads of State or Government and other Govern - inert officials. The Secretary-General has acknowledged the congratulatory messages.

Afghanistan Mohammad Yoasuf, Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs: "It is a great pleasure to convey, en the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of the signing of the United Nations Charter ^ sincere greetings to Your Excellency and through you to the numbers of the Secretariat on "behalf of the Government ai:d people of Afghanistan, as well as on my own personal "behalf. I sincerely wish that the Organization will achieve further its lofty aims, as enshrined in the Charter, and that its efforts for the maintenance of peace and for the promotion of progress and better understanding between nations be fully realised."

Bolivia (translated from Spanish) Colonel Joaquin Zenteno Anaya, Minister for Foreign Affairs: "It gives me pleasure to express to you, on behalf of the Governing

Military Junta and the people or Bolivia3 unwavering adherence to the ideals of the United Nations and firm faith in the exalted destiny of the Organiza tion in working for peace and brotherhood among the peoples of the world."

(more) - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/331 2 July 1965

Brazil (translated from Portuguese) Humberto de Alerscar Caste Ho Branco, ?.?o,-ident of Brazil:

"On the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of tha signing of the Charter of the United Nation PS, I take pleasure, Mr. Secretary -General, in extending to you, on behalf of tne Brazilian Government and people, the warmest con&ratulatiorjs and ocst wibhc.* Tor tlio ever-growing prestige of the Organization. I wish also to renew to you on this occasion the depression of Brazil's confidence in the future of the United Nations and my country's support for all its efforts on behalf of world peace, security and prosperity."

U Thi Karu Minister for F:i .:-:gp. Affairs:

11 On the occasion of the t"c 21: j j.eth ai^ivernary ox" the signing of the Charter of the United AIatioas, I have the honour, on "b3hal:C of the Government of t!.ie Uur'.on of Barmo^ to reaffirm our continued faiin and support for the United DI^ Lions and adherence to tha purposes of the Charter of the United

Cyprus Archbishop Makarios, President, of Cyprus:

"On the twentieth anniversary of the signing of the Charter of the United Nations, I wish to convey, on behalf of the people of Cyprus, my Government and myself, the warmest wishes. The coLo.ribu.tion of the United Nations Organisation in the cans-2 of world peace lias been mo&t valuable, and mankind looks upon this international Organization as the only organ through which international problems couJd find their settlement and the world be free from the fear of war. "Conflicting interests among many countries and local clashes without the existence of the United Nations would make the world situation in this atonic age extremely precarious. Beyonl its contribution to world, peace, the United Na.tions Organisation, through its specialized agencies, has substantially contributed in many other fields for the progress and prosperity of the developing countries and has given a new lead in the lives of millions. (;?.ore) - 3 - Press Release SG/SM/331 2 July 1965

"Cyprus is among those co.mtrien who have benefited from the United Nations in various ways. And now, when we are going through a critical period, we rely upon tLs Unit 3d Nations with full confidence. "Once again I wish to cor -ey that the Republic of Cyprus will do its utmost to support the efforts of the United Nations Organization for international co-operation and the achievement of permanent world peace." •* # *

Ghana Kuame Itoucah, President of Guana: "On the occasion of thp. twentieth rrmiversary of the signing of the Charter of the United I.'etions Organisation, I send the Organisation my good wishes and those of the Governs. -n-n --^ people of Ghana for the continued success of the United Kationc. I w^h to reaffirm, our faith in the principles and purposes cf the Cncrter ocd our belief that, with the support of all its Members, the Organization can help to realize ma:nkiDdTs hope of world peace, harnony and prosperity. "'To this end, the Organisation should he conscious of its responsibility, should provide an effective response to the challenges of our time and should work towards the final liquidation of colonialism, imperialism and neo- colonialism which are often ths main threat to peace and stability."

Him gar y Janos Peter, Minister for Foreign Affairs: "?lea£e accept, Your Excellences,* the greetings of the Government of the Hungarian People's Republic on the twentieth anniversary of the signing of the Charter of the United Nations. I wish you many successes in your effort to enable the United Nations C)?'-.7anization to abide by the spirit of its Charter and restore its normal activities to work efficisntly in the interest of international peace and security. 1 can assure you of the support of the Hungarian People :s Republic in ycu_ pursuit to enforce the Charter of the United Nations and to make the United Lfaticrs more effective." •* •:;- -* (nore) * THIS message was addresse*, to the Secretary-General and also to Alex Quaison-Sajltey, President of the nineteenth cession cf the General Asseinbly. Press Release SG/SM/331 2 July 1965

Kenya Jono Kenyatta, President of Kenya:

"On this auspicious occasion of +he celebrations of the twentieth anniversary of ~lie San Francisco Conference which resulted in the birth of the United I]ations Organization, the people and the Government of Kenya and myself send yoi: our he-.11-: felt greetings a_:d grod wishes. May I, Mr. Secretary- General, on this r.iemorable occasion, reaffirm Kenya's faitb and total support for the principles an'd Charter of the United Nations."

•X" •*'• ~A

Kuwait

/•.bdulla Al-Galem Alsabah; Emir of Kuwait: "On this auspicious occa.-_:". on of tlie United Nations1 twentieth birthday, I wish to e::.terjd., on b.shalf or Kuwait's people and Government, the best felicitations, indeed^ :! n celebrating thic epoch-making event. The peoples of the world do hall tie import-rat role of f-re United Nations ?n realizing tLe ideals of peace, justice and prosperity with best wishes for your personal happiness." * * ••#

Mexico (translated from Spanish) Gustavo Dia'/i Ordaz, ''President cf Mexico:

"On the occasion of the tveutl^th anniversary of the United Nations, the people and Government of Mexico take pleasure in associating themselves with the solemn ccimnemoration of the signing of the United [Nations Cbarter which is being held in tie city of San Francisco with the participation of representatives of J.l^ Member States. May this anniversary give renewed vigour to the efforts which all Governments must make within the United. Nations to contribute ever more effectively to the realization of the determination, e^presr,^ by the peoples of the United Nations in ths Preamble to the Charter, to 'practice tolerance a.id live together in peace with one another as good neighbours', and to 'pro-note socirl progress and better standards of life in larger freedom', since only in this way can mankind enjoy a peace based on equality of rights and on justice." •* * # (more ) - 5 - Press Release SG/SM/331 2 July 1965

Nicaragua (translation from Spanish) Rene Schick, President of Nicaragua: "The memorable occasion of the twentieth anniversary of the Charter of the United Nations offers a propitious opportunity to extol the great efforts which that illustrious Organization is making on behalf of the preservation of peace and the spiritual and material betterment of mankind. Its lofty ideals of freedom and solidarity, to which I have been consistently devoted, have moved the conscience of the free peoples of the world, inspiring them to advance to ever higher levels of collective achievement. "At this dramatic moment in world history, when the very survival of our species is threatened, the world places its hopes for peace, equality and justice in the United Nations. In the democratic atmosphere of its assemblies and its technical bodies, all the peoples of the earth have learned to know and respect each other and to join in seeking just and equitable solutions to the difficult problems with which they are burdened. Its noteworthy efforts in the field of education have done much to bring the benefits of civilization and culture to enormous numbers of human beings. "On behalf of the people and Government of Nicaragua, I send you, and the institution which you - so worthily represent, together with, the assurances of my highest consideration, a cordial greeting and the expression of my best hopes for the continuation of the constructive work which that great Organiza- tion is doing on behalf of a world united by those principles of freedom, justice and harmony which should govern the destiny.of mankind.11

Peru (translation from Spanish) Fernando Schwalb, Minister for Foreign Affairs: "On the occasion of the celebration of the twentieth anniversary of the United Nations, the Government of Peru reiterates its firm adherence to the purposes and principles of the Charter, which constitute the supreme criterion of conduct for the international community. The establishment of-the United Nations gave new life to the hopes for a better world which arose in reaction to the negative reality of the war, for in truth it represented the resurgence of the eternal values of human civilization.

(more) - 6 - Press Release SG/SM/331 2 July 1965

"Its experience shows that effective progress in defence of peace and security is possible even though the impatience of the political negotiator sometimes finds that progress slow. But the United Nations as an international forum and as a centre cf action for tlie policy of peace has also revealed that such prog-"e.t;3 cac always "be made through negotiations conducted on the basis of the moft corr:roverj:s,l f jmulae witir.out rejecting any of them in any cir- cumstance a, in a cnrei'ully considered and u'iiic^.ratic effort to co-ordinate the international will. "As tte twentieth anniversary of the United Nations is celebrated, the Government of Peru, which has embraced the- ideals of the Charter and made them the motive power cf its own policy, opuluiirticalily believes that the great Organization is destined to e;--Vre as om of the great collective achievements of civirisrtrlcn, an ex- i-iple of wiic*.t the human spirit can do when it acts on the basis cf tbj princr'-Ie of c!0-operation in the service of the common interest, the pursuit of vliich, like tne defence of peace and security, should never be abandoned."

Diosdado Macapagal, President cf the Philippines: "On the twentieth anniversary of the signing of the United Nations Charter, the Philippines, one of the original Members of the Organization, joins other nations in expressing renewed faith in and continued support for the United Nations and in pledging anew its adherence to the principles and purposes of the Charter."'

Librado IU>...Ca,Y.cpj Acting. Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the Philippines: "The Philippines joins the rest of the world in commemorating the twentieth anniversary of the si going of the Charter of the United Nations, "Today, more than ever before, the United Nations stands as mankind's best hope for peace. In spite of numerous tensions in different parts of the world, it has faced squarely up to its paramount responsibility of maintaining intercational peace and security. The General Assembly has become the forum where all Member nations -- big or small — cac speak out their minds freely. (more) - T - Press Release SG/SM/331 2 July 1965

"Police forces have also been sent to prevent aggressive cations from trampling on the rights of weaker peoples. On the other hand, the specialized agencies of the United Nations are striving daily to improve the lives of human beings everywhere. In their path have come progress, higher literacy, better understanding and a richer life. "The Filipino people take this opportunity to extend their wannest felicitations on this anniversary, and they hope for the continued success of the United Nations in its endeavour to give substance and meaning to mankindTs desir~ for a better and a richer life for all." * * *

Sierra Leone C.B. Rogers-Wright, Ministeribr External Affairs:

"Sierra Leone declares its continued faith in and support for the United Nations and its adherence to the purposes of the Charter."

Venezuela (translation from Spanish) Raul Leoni, President of Venezuela: "On this memorable date, when the United Nations is celebrating its twentieth anniversary, the Government and people of Venezuela fraternally associate themselves with your rejoicing, which is shared by all mankind. I extend to you my sincere congratulations and most cordial wishes for the preservation of peace in the world and the triumph of right over might, ideals which are enshrined in the Charter.1*

Ignacio Iribarren Borges, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Venezuela: "On the twentieth anniversary of the United Nations, accept my sincerest congratulations and my wish that the ideals enshrined in the Charter may endure for all time."

(more ) - 8 - Press Release SG/SM/3J51 2 July 1965

Zambia Kenneth Kaunda, President- of Zambia:

"On the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of the signing of the . United Nations Charter, my Government wishes to make a solemn declaration of its continued faith in and support for the United Nations and of its adherence to the purposes and principles of the Charter."

# • 7X8 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, H.Y. (FOR USE OP INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/T/63 2 July 1965

SECRETARY-GENERAL LEAVES FOR GENEVA TO ATTEND ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL MEETINGS

The Secretary-General, U Thant, left New York today, 2 July, for Geneva, where he will attend meetings of the thirty-ninth session of the Economic and Social Council and participate in the general debate.

While in Geneva, U Thant will hold talks with members of the

Swiss Government on matters of common interest.

The Secretary-General will be accompanied by Ramses Massif, press officer; and Donald Thomas, personal aide.

U Thant plans to return to New York on 8 July. 717 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/1656 50 June 1965

UNITED STATES PLEDGES CONTRIBUTION TO EDUCATION PROGRAMME FOR SOUTH AFRICANS

The Secretary-General, U Thant, has -eea informed by the Permanent Representative of the United States to the United Nations that, in connexion with the Education and Training Programme for South Africans, authorized "by the Security Council in its resolution S/5773 of 18 June the Government of the United States was prepared to pledge $75,000 with the proviso that the United States contribution not exceed kO per cent of total contributions.

# -JHHf 716 UNITED 'NATIONS Press Services Office of Riblie Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/330 GYP/286 29 June 1965

TEXT OF LETTER TO SECRETARY-GENERAL FROM AUSTRALIA FiifzARPING COST OF gEAGE-EBg?ING ffCP.CB TIT CYPRUS

Following is the text of a letter dated 28 June 19&5 received by the Secretary-General, U Thant, from the Permanent Representative of Australia to the?: United Nations, Patrick Shaw, regarding the expenses of the United Nations Peace-Keeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICIP):

"I have the honour to confirm ray previous advice that the Australian Government will make available a sum of U,S. $100,000 in response to Your Excellency!s request, made in your Note FI 323/3 (18) of 25 March 1965, for voluntary contributions to help meet the costs, for a fifth period of three months in accordance with Security Council resolution 201 (1965) of 19 March 19^5; of the United Nations Force in Cyprus, established under Security Council resolution 8/5575 of k March 196^. "The Australian Government's agreement to make this further voluntary contribution to the costs of U1IFICYP is again based on the understandings conveyed in the Australian Permanent Representative's letter to Your Excellency of 13 March 1964 (document S/5682 of k May 715 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF ETFOEMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/329 29 June 1965

STAIEriENT BY SECKSTARY-G.ENERAX AT_CONVg_GA.TION_ OF RELIGION FOR WORLD PEACE IELD_IN_C.QW PALACE, SAW FRANCISCO, ON 27 JUNE 1963

Following is the text of a statement made "by the Secretary-General, U Thant, at the Convocation of Religion for World Peace held at the Cow

Palace, San Fraceisco; on 27 June 1965*.

"We are gathered here today, representing the major religions of the world, to celebrate the twentieth anniversary of the founding of the United Nations, and to reaffirm our faith in the objective of world peace. This is the goal of the United Nations, and it is a goal which is shared by all the religions of the world. >}I feel very strongly that the moral and spiritual advance today has not kept pace with the material progress. In this second half of the twentieth century, we need more than ever vision and values, a sense of what is worth pursuing in life. Unless we are endowed with the right standards, the right values and the right ideals, we will be doing no more than toying with the tools without a proper idea of the purpose for which those tools should be used. In a way this problem of imbalance is connected with the decline of religion in our times. I don't propose, in the few minutes at my disposal, to assess the decline of religion nor to examine its causes. That it has declined will be generally accepted, I believe, and it is equally obvious that our scale of moral values has also deteriorated. I am one of those who consider that a man's religion is one of the most important things in his life. I hold the view that religion, not necessarily a formal religion, ought to hold a central poe? tion in the life of each one of us* That ic one reason why I welcome the holding of the 'Convocation of Religion for World Peace1 and I am delighted to be able to participate in its proceedings» "It is a paradox that history is mainly a chronicle of wars, yet, during all human history, men have always shared a common yearning for peace. The

(more) - 2 '- 'Press Release SG/3M/329 29 June 1965 goal of peace and "brotherhood is preached r.y every ma^or religion,, each in its v own way, but the goal itself is common to -:.ll humanity, 11 In our own generation,, tlie world Las been ravaged by two world wars, which h3~re taken an erornous toll of hunan life and liavt also caused, in the words of the Charter, 'untold sorrow to manliind'. But the blood that was shed during these two world, wars would be but a rivulet compared to the torrent of blood that will flow if, by our own lack of wisdom and restraint, we should orice again unleash the terrible forces of war in this nuclear age. !So much of misunderstanding and suspicion in the world today ic ideological. It has become almost an axicrr. that if one side cor.es forward, for example, in the field of disarmament, with what raay be priina facie a reasonable proposal, the o-cher side jjrjae3.ic.tely lool:s for hidden snags and traps* ID this way we have n-ade little progress in many areas, whereas we could j^ave moved much further ahead if it had been possible for us to trust ec,ch other a little more. "The ideological intolerance of today is comparable to the religious intolerance which prevailed -not so long ago. We. have had wars of religion, wfceu rr.eu killed each otjer fcr DO other reason than that they belonged to different religions. Today, while perfect religious tolerance may not prevail, we are generally willing to concede that each oae of us should be free to seek his spiritual goal in his own way. Perhaps we may also be able to develop, over the years, a similar approach to the £jal of peace, and concede that the goal is more inportant than the means. If we can thus develop a certain amount of tolerance, it would be easy for us, again in the words of the Charter, 'to live together in peace with one another as good neighbours', "

UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/328 29 June 1965

REMARKS. BY FECPETABY-GEUERAL AT S PEC RL CONVOCATION SL£5SSm. CAMPUS, CALIFORNIA,, ON 26 JUNE 196 5

Following is the text of the remarks made by the Secretary-General, U Thant, at the Berkeley Campus of the University cf California on 26 June 19651

It has now become an established tradition that a special convocation is held in the Hearst Greek Theatre on the Berkeley Campus in connexion with the special meetings of the United Nations in San Francisco. Such a meeting was held in Berkeley in 19^5 when the Charter was first signed, and again in 1955 when the United Nations "was ten years old. In accordance with this tradition, it is good that we are meeting today, once again in this beautiful open air theatre at Berkeley, so that all can see how closely the United Nations is associated with the spirit and ideals of the universities of the world. It is now universally recognized that a basic truth was expressed in the charter of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization when it stated, "since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defences of peace must be constructed". In this task of building peace and educating the younger generation for peace, the universities have a special role to play. It is to these young men that the future belongs, and upon their shoulders will rest the responsibility of waging war or building peace in the years ahead. I started my own career in Burma as an educator and I have great faith in the possibilities that education offers for building peace. If the younger generation is taught the right values they will find it easier to become peace builders. If they should be educated on conventional lines and taught to believe that the interests of their own country must always come first, then I believe that the future which will unfold before them will not be as full of hope as they have the right to expect.

(more) - 2 -. . , .. : Press Release SG/SM/328 • ' ' 29 June 1965

If, on the other hand, the younger generation were taught that it is far more important to develop friendly relations amongst nations, to maintain international peace and security, and to achieve international co-operation in solving international problems, which are the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, then national interest will take second place as compared to the over-all interest of humanity. A university may be likened to a restaurant with an enormous bill of fare. You can find almost any dish in it, from algebra to zoology, from music to economics. How is one to choose from this bewildering menu? What dishes ought we to select, if we wish not merely to fill ourselves up but to get the nourish- ment necessary to a healthy life? To my way of thinking, our educational needs are comparable to our dietary needs. In the same way as the food for nourish- ing our bodies is generally made up cf at laast three essential elements -- proteins, carbohydrates and fata — at least three elements are necessary to answer-the three main needs of human life in these tense times. All men need to earn a living. All men have to live in a society. All men should have what we may call a scale of values. Education oust provide for all these human needs, and teach us how to earn a living, how to be good members of society and how to live the good life. Most of us are clear on the vocational aspects of education, but -- if I may say so -- we are less clear about the attributes of a good citizen. The qualities I would look for in a good citizen an any country are, put briefly, a sense of duty to the community, a spirit of tolerance and an ability to see national politics against the larger background of a universal society. In the shadow of the hydrogen bomb, I would attach the greatest importance to the imperative need for a new concept, a new approach, even a new philosophy in dealing with the problems of our times. The basic principles of the United Nations Charter provide us with the new educational concepts which are more in keeping with our times. Our common interest in the preservation of peace mu0 serve as our main educational guide- line in establishing for ourgelves a proper scale of values. The United Nations is often blamed for its imperfections and I would be the first to concede that there are many imperfections in the working of the United Nations. This, however, is no excuse for not persevering with what we have, while making an effort to improve upon the present in our common endeavotir to build a better future. In this great task educators everywhere have a tre- mendous role to play.

,y y y jt # TV A TV TT

UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/A/25 23 June 1965

SECRETARY-GENERAL AGREES TO RELEASE UNDER-SECRETARY SUSLOV FROM UNITED NATIONS SECRETARIAT SERVICE

The Secretary-General has been notified by the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics of their desire to recall to their own service Mr, Vladimir Pavlovich Suslov, Under-Secretary for Political and Security Council Affairs, wi-ch effect from the middle of July. The Secretary-General has agreed to release Mr. Suslov as requested by the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Mr« Suslov has been on secondment from the Foreign Service of his Government to the United Nations as Under-Secretary for Political and Security Council Affairs since June 1963. An announcement regarding Mr. Suslov's successor will be made in due course.

* *** * 732 UNITED -NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N,Y. (FOR USE OF £OTBM\E:ON I*EDIA. — SOT m OFFICIAL SSCORD)

Press Release SG/SM/325/Rev.l* 28 June 1965

rTHE UNITED NATION — A TWKNTy^tEAR BALANCE SHEET'

Following is the text of the address, entitled "The Ifeited Nations — a fwenty-year Balance Shset", given by the Secretary-General, U Thant, at the comniensarat>iV3 rseetiug in S£T3 Francisco on £6 Jane oc the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of the signing of the United Nations Charter:

"Twenty years is a long tiae in the life of an individual, but a short one in the development of a great political institution, "With cur bazrcan tendency to inrp&ttenee, we f.lnd it hard to aeeept the time- lag, between* "the formulation of an idea sad its practiced raftlisofcioa^ and we are sometimes inclined to question the vcliditjr cf an idea before it has had tine to prove itself, or even to reject it impatiently before it has had ttoe. chance to take root and grow. Our experiences of international relations in the past.20 years may "societimes tempi*:as to react in this vay about the Charter of the United Nations. "it is a merciful fact of life that time diminishes and dims the manorie3 of misery and horror. Time has also blunted that sense of danger and of urgency which produced the Charter. Thus, we heax a good deal of talk now about the adaptation of the Charter to the modern world — talk which sometimes evades the central issue of making the Charter a working reality, "There is no doubt that the world has change'cl in many ways, some of them unexpected, since 19^5, and that corresponding adjustments in the United Nations are desirable. On a previous occasion I liave myself referred to the anachro- nistic character of certain provisions of the Charter. But defeatist t about the possibility or the necessity of world order merely turns a blind to the perils of the future because of the difficulties of the present. Shoul/i we succumb to such facile arguments, we would stand convicted by future genera- tions of gross irresponsibility. (more) * This supersedes press release SG/3M/J25 wA Corr.l, issued on 26 June. - 2 -, Press Release SG/SM/325/Rev.i 28 June 1965

"I believe, therefore, that the most Important thing we can do at this twentieth anniversary of the signing of the Charter of the United Nations is to think "back to the tragedies and agonies which made the Charter possible and, in resolving that humanity shall never be so afflicted again, rededicate ourselves to its alms and ideals. Having done this, we must look to tiie future with statesmanship, as well as realism. "The danger is not, it seems to me, that the Charter will prove inadequate or unsuited to our purposes and policies. It is rather that our purposes and policj.es are inadequate, and in some cases inimical, to the fulfilment of the purposes arid principles to which the United Nations enthusiastically subscribed twenty years ago. It is this icadequacy, which we think we can afford in relatively peaceful times, which ve must guard against. "It was never realistic to suppose that sovereign Governments would, in a short period of time, be able to accept and act on all the practical implications of the ideals and aims to which they subscribed in signing the Charter. On the other h£,nd, if we want some better system for peace and security than an unsteady balance of nationalistic power and aspiration, we have got to work long and hard to remove the many obstacles in the way, and in that process develop a new eyatem of relationships between States which really corresponds to present needs acd conditions. "During that arduous task, we must look to the Charter as an inspiration and a goal, without any illusions as to the case with which its objectives can be attained. If we need to assure ourselves that the goal is worth attaining, we need only turn our thoughts for a moment to the probable alternative. "I do not wish today to look back at the past twenty years either to applaud what has been done or to regret what has not. I do not propose to refer in detail to our current situation except to say that it demands an urgent and serious effort by all nations to make a reality of the aims of the Charter before we revert in disunity to the helpless conditions which preceded World War II. "It is all too clear that the unsolved problems within the United Nations over Article 19 and peace keeping, combined with various ominous conflicts in the world at large, present us with a deeply disturbing situation. In spite of this, I would like rather to speak of the future, with its problems and its possibilities. (more) - 3 - Press Release SG/CK/325/Kev.l 28 J.^e

"In 19^6, Sir Winston Churchill said cf the League of Nations: 'The Iaague of Satiors did not fail bj--;aupe of its j,-rii,cip3^j -ai,d conception. It f,:/.lcd became then 2 principles vr.re deserted "by those States vbj.ch had brought it into ueing. It failed "because the GowruBsnts of those States feared to faca the facts aii-rl act vhile tine remained. This d.;eaLter must rov be rt^ecitsd*1 "We are luckier tLan our fathers were in the tventieth year of the League of IIatior>3, because we still have xiae to face the facts- It is, however,, essential". tLet a ten^e of false security sbculd rot lull us csce a^si-u into -the "belief chat somehow var can bo avoided in a world where the u:.t7 died .rival 177 of cations ^"s the dad.nr.Lt factor of international life. That is the condition in whiili tLe aritt r.c war almost imperceptibly gathers - momentum Tontil it becomes irvesictible and inescapable. T].^.t is what we have^ by a conscious and concerted effort, to avoid. "Disturbing developments in various parts of the world today have, of course, direct repercussions all over the world, and for that matter on the

United Nations; which is in many ways a mirror of the world, There is a danger that we may beconia so preoccupied vith tLe immediate crises in South- East Asia, in the Caribbean, in the Middle East and elsewhere that we are apt to ignore the larger crisis that locn.3 behind them. That wider crisis must ne understood and assessed. "The most serious casualty of the present conflict will be the precarious detente between East and West that has "been ouilt and nurtured so laboriously a^d patiently in. the last ten years or so. The United Nations has contributed significantly towards that detente by serving as a catalyst.^ a forum and an E^eocy for the peaceful settlement of disputes and the relaxation of East- West tensions. rl had hoped that this detente, to be meaningful; would extend to other areas of the globe, since peace is indivisible. But we have witnessed, and are still witnessing, certain tendencies for the cold var to intensify, and also to extend to areas which have so far been relatively immune. This trend must be arrested and reversed if humanity is to be saved from the scourge of war, the primary motivation behind the founding of the United Nations.

(more) Press Release SG/SM/325/Rev.l 28 June 1965

The International community on this small planet should comprise all men and women, irrespective of race aad creed. "As Pierre Teilhard de Chardin had observed, life should move towards a higher plane of consciousness than this one on which we now live. Ee was un- dismayed by the ideological clashes men must pass through before they achieve a world ccm-ronity. EG saw a great evolution leading towards what he termed 'a common soul in this vast body' -- mankind. "I believe that vc are i;pc:,:tea.3ingly conscious of the need to harmonize our thoughts and actions towards that end. We have an increasing fear and hatred of war throughout the world, based partly upon the new destructive power of treaponsj and partly ir;on a moral revulsion against violence. The voices of peoples all over the world are raised, ae never before, against war and notices likely to lead to war. We have the balance of terror between the nuclear Powers, but the proliferation of nuclear weapons may end the nuclear monopoly of the major Powers whila greatly increasing the risks involved. "We have a general agreement, in principle at least, that the domination of one nation or group of nations by another is intolerable, and that mutual aid and co-operation are the best basis for the relationship between nations. We have the possibility of raising standards of living and opportunity through international co-operation — an immense incentive to peace. "We can, if we work together, provide, within a generation or so, a much higher standard of living acd reasonable opportunities for all men. We have the possibility of great advances in science, technology and in as yet unexplored realms of the human mind, as well as in outer space — advances all of which will be more rapid and less risky if the skill and talent of all nations can be combined in an organized effort, finally, we have an agreed framework, the United Nations system, within which, if we wish, we can pursue our aims and bring about an orderly development in international life. This all adds up to a considerable balance-sheet of positive assets, "Our problems and liabilities are also considerable, and we sometimes tend to be more impressed by them than "by our assets. The greatest obstacle to the realization of the Charter is the inescapable fact that power politics still operates, both overtly and covertly, in international relations. The concept of power politics, whether as the instrument of nationalism or of

(more) Press Release SG/SM/325/tf 23 June 1965 ideological extremism, is the natural enemy of International order as envisaged in the Charter. I+. ir also aa expensive, slid potentially disastrous, anachronism. "Patriotism., national pride or ideological conviction can and must take new and more creative foams than the old concepts of poetical domination or material power. This is a challenge to statesrpaiisnip and political genius in all regions of the world, r*he basic ideas and machine i-y are eJLl there - they awai^ the national policies end actions which vjLH put life and strength into then.

"Such pclici^s will not, in the beginning, be easy for governmentsf especially powerful orss, to adopt. The larger interests of world peace, the will cr opiLion of the luajority of nations or ths accommodation of national preside to intematiear.l order Tfil?. Initially often prove hard to accept. But some Governments Lave already fo^nd s-j-. n acceptance possible without suffer- ing disaster, and their example should encourage others. "Even if the problem of power politics were solved, we have to face other "basic facts. It is now commonplace to refer to the gulf between developed and under-developed DatioEs, to the population explosion, to the conservation of natural resources,, to the world food problem cr to the social consequences of material development. All of us know the Etatistics of world, poverty and the frustration of the developing countries. V/e are also aware in all countries that material progress brings with it a host of complications and tensions. And yet, obsessed as ve are with our other apprehensions, we still tend to think in small and old-fashioned terms about these fundamental challenges* "Our plans to meet them are fragmentary and cur resources, both human and material, pitifully inadequate -- and, meanwhile, the clock ticks inexorably on. These are problems which never present the kind of dramatic ultimatum that questions of peace and war present. They slowly build up their crashing weight Of misery until it becomes an overwhelming human tragedy. We know, all of this, and we can together do sorristhing about it. We need new approaches and new ideas for our nev/ world. To produca them requires both genius and co-operaticc. The machinery for co-operation awaits us in the Charter. "We also have a basic problem in our varied heritage of prejudice, resent- ment, and nationalistic feelings. These are relics from a slower, more isolated, less populated ago. They have co plaoj in a liberal and dynamic world of change acd progress. Nonetheless, they are frequently exploited or artificially (more) - 6 - ' Press Release SG/SM/325/Rev.l 28 June 1965 preserved to sustaiD ot^sr strogg3.es. At ovr tost, \re know how outmoded and irrelevant these national aiad racial prejudices are, but we still need a strong and conscious effort to cvercor.e then. "The key to these problems, and many more, besides, is to be found in the Charter, and with it ve can open th.3 door to an older end a world society worthy of this remarkable century., Only the roverelgu SCamber -Qoverninents and their peoples, working together in the world and in the United Nations, can open that door, aud it J.c imperative that +h.ay should do so urgently. "Is it really only the scourge of vs.:: cz the lash cf terror that can move us toward -,;he goel of p-rs.ce .nnd justice in l^ic vcrld? Can ve not KQ\Q the effort to advance; out of our ova sere3 of respOtfciDiliTy and knowledge, rather than be dviven like refugees "before a etoitn whric-b. «iay be unleashed by c-ir own inability to teJie hold of the future? I teliev.5 not only tiiat we can, but that we must, make the effoi*t« "T^/enty years -jcgOy to thic ver^- da^-, the fonading fathers signed .the Charter of the United Hatiorss. Today I appeal tc all Meznter Governments to consider again these "ba.sic facts, sino. tc renew their efforts toward the reelizatiou of the great objectives prescribed for them in this city, 20 years ago." UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORIIATION MEDIA -- ITOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/325/Corr.l 26 June 1965

'THE UNITED NATIONS -- A TWENTY-YEAR BALANCE SHEET1

COR3ECTI01!

The following corrections are to be made in press release SG/GM/325 regarding the address at Gan Francisco by the Secretary-General, U Thant:

In the fourth line of paragraph 16 on page four, insert the words "what he termed" between the words "leading towards" and Mta common soul ..." In the sixth line of paragraph 23 on page 5? replace the words "our own" with the word "all". In the third line of paragraph 28 on page 6, replace the word "simple" with "basic".

•*•*•* •* UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Put lie Ir.foimat.iOD U :it«d je-i-:-:-'T-, ;.!/" (FOR USE OF H'.j'Jri'ii-TlOII i.UjIA — 40T Al* OFFICIAL RECORD) '

CAUTION; A.WANGE TEXT Press Release SG/SM/325 Not for release before 26 June 1965 IQQ JD.K. T^T (17>0 _GIv:Tr) 26 Jure

!THE UKTTED MTIOTTS -- A BWTC-^R BALANCE SHEET*

Following is the text of the addracs,, entitled "™he United Nations --a Twenty -year Balance Siuv^V, to be given bv yJTe Secret-uy-Ger^ral, U Tnant, at the commemorative meeting in btu Francisco OD 26 Jure en the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of the siguing of tiie Uni^d .Naticue

"Twenty years is a long tine in the life of an individual, but a short one in the development of a great political institution. "With our human tendency to Impatience, we find it hard to aseept the time- lag. betv/een the formulation of an idea end its practical realisation, and we are sometimes Inclined to question the validity of an idea "before it has had tine to prove it sell', or even to reject it impatiently before it has had the chance to take root and grew. Our experiences of international relations in the past 20 years may "SOEietiaieE tempt- us to react in this way abev.t the Charter of the United Nations. "it is a merciful fact of life that time diminishes and dims the memories of misery and horror. Time has also blunted that sense of danger and of urgency which produced the Charter. Thus, we hear a good deal of talk now about the adaptation cf the Charter to the modern vorld — talk which sometimes evades the central issue of making the Charter a working reality. "Tliere is no doubt that the world has changed in many ways, some of them unexpected, since 19^5} and that corresponding adjustments in the Utii-bed Nations are desirable. On a previous occasion I have myself referred to the anachro- nistic character of certain provision* of the Charter. But defeatist. thinking about the possibility or the necessity of world order ir,erely turns a blind

(more) - 2 - • Press Release SG/SM/325 26 June 1965

nl believe, therefore, that tha moot important thing we can do at this twentieth anniversary of the signing of the Charter of the United Nations is to think "back to the tragedies and agonies which made the Charter possible and, in resolving that humanity shall never be so afflicted again, rededicate ourselves to its aims and ideals. Having done this, we must look to the future with statesmanship, as well as realism. "The danger is not, it seems to me, that the Charter will prove inadequate or unsuited to our purposes and policies. It is rather that our purposes and policies are inadequate, and in some cases inimical, to the fulfilment of the purposes arid principles to which the United Nations enthusiastically subscribed twenty years ago. It is this irc.deq.uacy, which we think we can afford in relatively peaceful times, which we must guard against. "It was never realistic to suppose that sovereign Governments would, in a short period of time, be able to accept and act on all the practical implications of the ideals and aims to which they subscribed in signing the Charter. On the other hand, if we want some better system for peace and security than an unsteady balance of nationalistic power and aspiration, we have got to work long and hard to remove the many obstacles in the way, and in that process develop a new system of relationships between States which really corresponds to present needs and conditions. "During that arduous task, we must look to the Charter as an inspiration and a goal, without any illusions as to the ease with which its objectives can be attained. If we need to assure ourselves that the goal is worth attaining, we need only turn our thoughts for a moment to the probable alternative. "I do not wish today to look back at the past twenty years either to applaud what has been done or to regret what has not, I do not propose to refer in detail to our current situation except to say that it demands an urgent and serious effort by all nations to make a reality of the aims of the Charter before we revert in disunity to the helpless conditions which preceded World War II. "It is all too clear that the unsolved problems within the United Nations over Article 19 and peace keeping, combined with various ominous conflicts in the world at large, present us with a deeply disturbing situation. In spite of this, I would like rather to speak of the future, with its problems and its possibilities. (more) - 3 - Press Eelease SG/SM/325 26 June 1965

"In 19l*6, Sir Winston Cliurctl.il Sc.l'.l o? .the League of Nations: 'The League of Nations did not fail because of its principles and conceptions. It failed because these principles were deserted by those States which had "brought it into "being. It failed uecau.se the Oov3rnnenbs oT those States feared to face the facts and act while time remained. This disaster nust not be repeated.! "We are lucliier tl:an our fathers we-;e in the twentieth year of the League of Nations, because we still have ^irae to face the f^cts. It is, however, essential that a sense cf fj.lss security should not lull us once again into the belief that somehow war car, "be avoided in a rorld where the unbridled rivalry of nations is the dominant factor of international life. That is the condition :n which the drift to var almost imperceptibly gathers momentum until it becomes irresistible and inescapable. That is what we have, "by a conscious and concerted effort-, to avoid. "Disturbing developments in various parts of the world today have, of course, direct repercussions all over the world, and for that matter on the United Nations, which is in many ways a mirror of the world. There is a danger that we may become so preoccupied with the immediate crises in South- East Asia, in the Caribbean, in the Middle East and elsewhere that we are apt to ignore the larger crisis that looms behind them. That wider crisis must be understood and assessed. "The most serious casualty of the present conflict will be the precarious detente between East and West that has been built and nurtured so laboriously and patiently in the last ten years or so. The United Nations has contributed significantly towards that ddtente by serving as a catalyst; a forum and an agency for the peaceful settlement of disputes and the relaxation of East- West tensions. "I load hoped that this ^Jtente_, to be meaningful, would extend to other areas of the globe, since peace is indivisible. But we have witnessed, and are still witnessing, certain tendencies for the cold war to intensify, and also to ezrtend to areas which have so far been relatively immune. This trend must be arrested and reversed if humanity is to be saved from the scourge of war, the primary motivation "behind the founding of the United Nations.

(more) Press Release SG/SM/JJ25 26 June 1965

The international coraaunity on this S'.iall planet should comprise all men and women, irrespective of race and creed, "As Pierre Teilhard de Chardin had observed, life should move towards i a higher plane of consciousness than this one on which we now live. He was un- I dismayed by the ideological clashes men must pass through before they achieve a world conmujaity. Ee saw a great evolution leading towards fa common soul j in this vast body1 -- mankind. "I "believe that we are iDcreasingly conscious of the need to harmonize | our thoughts and actions tow£j?do that end. We have an increasing fear and hatred cf war throughout the world, based partly upon the new destructive power of weapons, and partly upon a moral revulsion against violence. The voices of peoples all over the world are raised as never before, against war .> and actions likely to lead to war. We have the balance of terror between the nuclear Powers, but the proliferation of nuclear weapons may end the nuclear monopoly of the major Powers while greatly increasing the risks involved. "We have a general agreement, in principle at least, that the domination of ona nation or group of nations by another is intolerable, and that mutual aid and co-operation are the best basis for the relationship between nations. We have the possibility of raising standards of living and opportunity through international co-operation --an immense incentive to peace. "We can, if we work together, provide, within a generation or so, a much higher standard of living and reasonable opportunities for all men. We have the possibility of great advances in science, technology and in as yet unexplored realms of the human mind, as well as in outer space — advances all of which vail be more rapid and less risky if the skill and talent of all nations can be combined in an organized effort. Finally, we have an agreed framework; the United Nations system, within which, if we wish, we can pursue our aims and bring about an orderly development in international life. This all adds up to a considerable balance-sheet of positive assets. "Our problems and liabilities are also considerable, and w<§ sometimes tend to be more impressed by them than by our assets. The greatest obstacle to the realization of the Charter is the inescapable fact that power politics still operates, both evertly and covertly, in international relations. The concept of power politics, whether as the instrument of nationalism or of j } (mora) - 5 - Press Release SG/SM/325 26 June 1965 ideological extremism, is the natural en^ioy of international order as envisaged in the Charter. It is also an expensive,, and potentially disastrous, anachronism. "Patriotism, national pride or ideological conviction can and must take new and more creative forms than the old concepts of political domination or material power. This is a challenge to statesmanship and political genius in all regions of the world. The basic ideas and machinery are all there - they await the national policies ani actions which will put life and strength into them,

"Such policies will not> in the "beginning, be easy for Governments, especially powerful on^f,? to ndnpt. The larger interests of world peace, the will or opinion cf the majority G.L nations cr the accc'inraodatj on of national prestige to international order will initially often prove har.f. to accept. But some Governments have already fourd such acceptance possible without suffer- ing disaster, and their example should encourage others. "Even if the problem of power politics were solved, we have to face other basic fac-cs. It is now commonplace to refer to the guif between developed and under-developed nations, to the population explosion, to the conservation of natural resources, to the world food problem or to the social consequences of material development. All of us know the statistics of world poverty and the frustration of the developing countries. We are also aware in our own countries that material progress brings with it a host of complications and tensions. And yet, obsessed as we are with our other apprehensions, we still tend to think in small and old-fashioned terms about these fundamental challenges. "Our plans to meet them are fragmentary and our resources, both human and material, pitifully inadequate — and, meanwhile, the clock ticks inexorably on. These are problems which never present the kind of dramatic ultimatum that questions of peace and war present. They slowly build up their crushing weight of misery until it becomes an overwhelming human tragedy. We know, all of this, and we can together do something about it. We need new approaches and new ideas for our new world. To produce them requires both genius and co-operation. The machinery for co-operation awaits us in the Charter. "We also have a basic problem in our varied heritage of prejudice, resent- ment, and nationalistic feelings. These are relics fron a slower, more isolated, less populated age. They have no place in a liberal and dynamic world of chacge and progress. Nonetheless, they are frequently exploited or artificially (more) - 6 - Press Release SG/SM/325 26 June 1965 preserved to sustain cj::;er struggle3. At cur test, wa know hew outmoded, and irrelevant these national and racial prejudices are,, but we still need a strong and conscious effort to overcome them. "The key to these problems, and many more besides, is to be found in the Charter, and with it we can open the door to an order and a world society worthy of this remarkable cerrtary. Only the sovereign Member Governments and their peoples, working together in the world and in the United Nations, can open that door, and it is imperative that they should do so urgently. "Is it really only the scourge of war or the lash of terror that can move us toward the goal of pvace and justice ±r. the world? Can we not make the effort to advacce, out of our own sense of responsibility and knowledge, rather than be driven like refugees before a storm whica may be unleashed by our own inability to take hold of the future? I believe not only tte'.t we can, but that we must, malie the effort. "Twenty yeaz~s ago, to this very day, the founding fathers signed the Charter of the United Uations. Today I appeal to all Member Governments to consider again these simple facts, and to renew their efforts toward the realization of the great objectives prescribed for them in this city, 20 years ago."

•* 711 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/1655 ICY/32 26 June 1965

SECRETARY-GENERAL PRESENTS MKDAT.T.TON TO UNITED STATES PRESIDENT AT COMMEMORATIVE MEETING IN SAH FRANCISCO

The Secretary-General, U Thant, presented an International Co-operation Year medallion to the President of the United States, lyndon B. Johnson, yesterday at the opening of the commemorative meetings in San Francisco which marks the twentieth anniversary of the signing of the United Nations Charter. The presentation of the silver medallion was made at the end of President Johnson*s address to the assembled group of representatives of the 11^ Member States, officials and guests. Early this year,* a number of 2-1/2 inch medallions in silver, in honour of the International Co-operation Year (ICY) being observed in 19&5* were struck for presentation by the Secretary-General to Heads of State visiting the United Nations or on occasions when he is received by Heads of State during this year. Other medallions, in bronze, will be presented by the Secretary-General to others whom he wishes to honour in the interests of promoting the International Co-operation Year.

* *** *

* See note to correspondents No. 3050 issued on 21 January. 710 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MRDIA -- LOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

CAUTION; ADVANCE TEXT Press Release SG/SM/32? Not for use before 12 noon EOT 2U June 1965 (l60Q GMT) Saturday, 26 June

MESSAGE BY SECRETARY-GENERAL ON MINUTE FOR PEACE DAY

Following is the text of the message by o/.* Secretary-General, U Thant, on the occasion of Minute for Peace D?.y:*

"Mayor Shelley of San Francesco ^as wisely proclaimed 26 June 1965? the date of the celebration of the twentieth anniversary of the United Nations, to be also Minute for Peace Day in San Francisco. He has urged all citizens of the city to observe a Minute for Peao~ at 12 noon on that day, and at 12 noon on each succeeding day in 1965" "I commend the Mayor's proposal to all men and women of goodwill. We live in a world of noise, yet our conscience is called the still, small voice. As Dag Hammarskjold once pointed out,'we aH have within us a centre of stillness surrounded by silence1. Unless we heed our own conscience, we shall continue to be attracted by what is loud and garish, and lose our sense of values. If there is no peace in the world today, it is because there is no peace in the minds of men. "It is important, therefore, that all of us should determine to set aside some time each day to commune with ourselves, to talk with our own still, small voices, to devote even one minute for thoughts of peace and goodwill. "The General Assembly of the United Nations begins and ends every session with one minute of silent prayer. That is a ^cod example for all of us to follow in our daily lives."

Mayor John F. Shelley of San Francisco has proclaimed 26 June 1965 as Minute for Peace Day. The Secretary-General's message, to be given at 12 noon on 26 June in San Francisco, will be the first broadcast of Minute for Peace. 709 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION L3DIA -- HOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Note No. 3-158 2k June 1965

NOTE TO CORRESPONDENTS

The Secretary-General, U Thant, arrived in San Francisco today, and was met by Mayor John F. Shelley. In a statement at the airport, the Secretary-General said that he was happy to be in San Francisco a^ain to attend the twentieth anniversary of the United Nations. He paid warm uri'bute to tne Qcyernment of the city and its people, and stated that the United Kutious' future seemed brighter now than it did some three months ago. In reply to questions concerning this brighter future, the Secretary- General said that he was referring to the realization by Member States that the United Nations should be strengthened, and also to the action of some Members led by the United Kingdom in pledging funds without any conditions to help the United Nations meet its financial difficulties. In reply to a question on South-East Asia, he said that it was indeed a serious problem, and that the main prerequisite for a peaceful solution 'Is the cessation of all hostilities by all parties".

# *#•* * 708 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- LTOT AU OFFICIAL RECORD)

CA^IOJ;_J'.rWCl] T2XT Frees Release SG/SM/522 Not foi* release before 23 June 1965 10:30 p.m. EDT, 23

TATEMENT BY SEOffiTARlT-GENEPAL CN TWENTIETH EIRTIIDAY OF UNITED NATIONS

Following is the text of a statement >y tke Secretary-General, U Tbcct, on tlie occasion of the twentieth birthday of the United Nations, 26 June:

"Although 20 ye arc may represent a r-oraidorsble part of the working life of an individual, they nre tut a brief span in the life of an international organization like the United Nations. On its twentieth birthday, it is desirable to do seme stock-taking. "The primary purpose in founding the United Nations in 19^5 was to keep the peace and to prevent war. IE order to create conditions for keeping the peace, the founding fathers devised ways and means of building the peace. Peace building involves two major activities: the development of friendly relations among nations and the promotion of economic and social progress for all. These objectives, in my view, constitute the eesence of the Charter, "in order to assess the accomplishments, or lack of accomplishments, of the United Nations in the past 20 years, it is well to take into account both facets of its activities: peace keeping and peace building. It is generally recognized that there have be«n situations with which the United Nations has been able to deal successfully, and there have been certain other situations where the United Nations has been less successful or has not been involved at all. The explanation is not far to seek. In dealing with situations involving one or more of the big Powers, the peace-keeping machinery of -the United Nations is usually weak and inadequate. The weakness and inadequacy of this machinery is mainly due to the prevalence of the cold war, which has been a phenomenon of the world scene during the last 20 years.

(more)

Statement made in a film by United Nations Television. - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/322 25 June 1965

"Hovever, in the sphere of peace building, the record of the United Nations has been -- if I may say so -- quite impressive. The work of the United Nations fcaily of agencies, ar.d the activities of the United Nations itself in the economic and social field, including the many voluntary programmes in which the United Nations and the agencies are partners, have been universally recognized as fruitful, significant aadj ii certain cases, most remarkable. "in the cv-.iere of Jevelcpirg friena?-y relations among nations, the United Nations has served as a catalyst, a rerun and as agency for the settlement of disputes by peaceful means. Although much remains to be done in this field, it will generally be cdaltted thai the United Nations had contributed very significant" y towards t'.ie creation or? cor,dttiors necessary for discussions and negotiations amc-cg the purties invol/ed, ;;Cne fundamental truth about tnc LJnit^d Nations is that it belongs mainly to the snail nations, for it ir they who need it most. The future of the United Ifetions, therefore, rests primarily with the small nations; their sense of responsibility, their independence and objectivity, their dedication to the principles cf the Charter, their restraint and tolerance in the conduct of affairs, and their determination to bring about a new detente between East and West."

# **-* * TOT UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, rl.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/165U 23 June 1965

SECRETAflY-GEKSPAL.AMQiriCES CONTRIEJTIOIv'S TO INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

The Secretary-General, U Thant, hr,s f.nncunced that, in response to resolution 200J (XIX) of the General Assembly, adopted, on 10 February 1965, appealing for contributions to t.ia Development Fund of the United Nations International School, a sum of $25,000 has just been received from the Government of Denmark, bringing to $lUU53?8 the contributions received to date. The other contributions received are as follows: Con^o (Democratic Republic of) $US 5,000 Cyprus 278 Ghana 2,300 Holy See 1,000 Israel. 3,000 Ivory Coast 5,000 Kuwait UO,000 Netherlands 9,000* New Zealand 12,300 Sweden Uo,000 Uganda 1,000 In addition, contributions have been pledged by the following countries: Canada $Can. 35,000 Gabon $US U,000 Libya 5,000 Nigeria 7,000 Trinidad and Tobago 1,500 Zambia 5,000

•* *•-*•*

* The Netherlands has pledged four annual instalments of $9,000 each for the years 1965/1968. 706 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/1653 23 June 1965

DANISH GOVSRP*MERT PLANS TO CONTRIBUTE TO TRAINING PROGRAMME FOR SOUTH AFRICANS

The Secretary-General, U Thant, has been informed by the Permanent Repre- sentative of Denmark that his Government is seeking parliamentary approval for a contribution of 2^0,000 Danish kroner (approximately $37,000) for the Educa- tion and Training Programme for South Africans, authorized by the Security Council in its resolution 3/5773 of 18 June

J* M H U 7v r> n W 705 UNITED NATIONS

Tr .t •?:.->. -L-, Office- Ox Put- i.o-c Itiionnation United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA. — :IOT M OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Releace SG/SM/326 22 June 1965

TEXT OF ADDRESS BY SECTREai^F.Y-GMZRAL AT THE JT^ENTETH ANI7IV2RSARY OF

'A^'0"^'11

Following is the text of the address by tha Secretary-General, U Thant, at the "twentieth anniversary cf the International Civil Aviation Organiza- tion (ICAO), in Montreal, Canada, c^ 22 Jura:*

l'It gives me great pleasure to extend my warm congratulations on the occasion of the celsbra'uion of trie twentieth anniversary of the International Civil Aviation Organization. Later this week my colleagues and I at the United Nations will be proceeding to Son Francisco for the twentieth anniversary celebrations of the United Nations itself. This close proximity in tijne between the twentieth anniversary of the two Organizations is matched by the close proximity of our two headquarters on the North American continent. In the circumstances, it is natural that there should be such close links between the United Nations and the International Civil Aviation Organization. "it is the good fortune of the United Nations that it has the co-operation and support of the specialized and affiliated agencies in our common task. That task has been stated in the preamble of the Charter as the determination, expressed by 'the peoples of the United Nations', Tto promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom1, "Each of the specialized agencies works in a highly technical field. The work of some of the specialized agencies is perhaps more easily intelligible to the layman, while the work of other agencies, such as the International Civil Aviation Organization, is highly specialized, But all the agencies have one common aim, as I have already noted. The United Nations has designated the nineteen sixties as the Decade of Development and we are all engaged in this common task in a co-operative effort to promote the development of all countries during thjs Decade. (more)

* In the unavoidable absence of the Secretary-General, this address was read c/G behalf of U Thaat by C.V. Narasirahan, Chef de Cabinet. - ?. - Press Release S3/SM/J52D •, ")'»->, ' ;~ ' <- - -•./- x

"The work of the International Civil Aviation Organization is, of course, in a highly technical field. Itr effectiveness depends so much upon the observance cf iini..'or;i pi-ctic-;-; by oil co^ • .n.or.. Aircraft cf all nations mingle in the air, and safety end cificiency in flight can be obtained only if the movements of each is known to, or predictable by, the others. In case of dense traffic, such movement has to be guided in a uniform manner by a common centre on the g-'ovac. wl-r :e s^hori;.;r is iT.rjlicitly obeyed by all. "I am aware that u fairly oxtjr.sive boiy of international regulations has been created in civil avi?.ticn in ?. comparatively ^hort time by the International Civil Aviatr'.j-n Organization. This is, of course, a reflection of the essentially international nature of civil avia -ion. Tl: ?re no probably few regions cf the world where aircraft are not constantly flying across international boundaries; and even in those large countries wLere there is a preponderance of aircraft flying within national frontiers, these aircraft share the air with other international aircraft and all r.nist therefore observe uniform rules. Thus the International Civil Aviation Organization has, in its own field of competence, demonstrated to all States in the world the helpful results that can be achieved by international co-operution. T'£n occasion like the twentieth anniversary in no doubt an occasion for stock-taking, a moment for reflection upon the achievements of the pact and for serious evaluation of the tasks ahead. We are all aware that civil aviation is a subject in which technical development is proceeding at a fast pace. We are already in the jet age, and supersonic air transport in no longer a dream. When that comes about I am advised that, even allowing for the difference in time, one can leave Montreal in the morning, have lunch in London and dinner in Damascus, but find, alas, that one' s luggage has gone on to Bombay'. In the face of these developments I am cure thero will be a number of continuing tasks, technical, economic and legal, requiring even closer international co-operation, in order to ensure the safety, regularity and economy of civil aviation for the benefit of all. "It is natural to assume that the greatest benefit of civil aviation in this jet age flows to those countries which arc already in an advanced stage of development. This assumption is, however, only partly true. All over the world, and especially in the developing countries, it has been found that the quickest way to open up a country is to cet up airports in important centres in the interior

(more) - 3 - Press Release SG/SM/326 22 June 1965 and connect them with the capital by a civil aviation network. In my part of the world, it is certainly true that the aeroplane, even if it be of 19^-5 vintage, ir as cconon a £i,;:ht- as the bullock cart. "I have already referred to the important role that international co- operation must inevitably play, even in the work of the specialized agencies. I believe that it is particularly important that such co-operation should not be disrupted by elements of dincord, which could properly be discussed elsewhere. It would be a matter for regret for the entire international community if important meetings dealing with essentially technical, social and economic questions, and depending for their success on this vital element of international co-operation, were to fail to yield solid results because of the introduction of political considerations into the work of these bodies. "I realize that it is not easy to draw the line between what is political and what is not. Several of the specialized agencies are described as technical organizations and yet certain political concepts underline the very basis of their charters. For example, in the case of the International Civil Aviation Organization, there is the fundamental political concept which forms the basis of its Convention, namely that a country has exclusive sovereignty in the air space above its territory. It is therefore obvious that even in those organizations which are primarily technical, political questions must arise from time to time. However, I would urge that in dealing with problems of a political character, it is essential for the member Governments to respect the charter, the conventions and the constitutional procedures of the agency concerned. This is essential, not only for the successful functioning of that organization, but for the future of international order itself, which has to be safe- guarded in our common interest. "The technological revolution, in regard to both transport and communication, which has been a feature of the world since 19^5? has had profound effects on the conduct of international diplomacy. The speed with which a diplomat can communicate with his Foreign Office has probably made him more dependent on instructions and gives him less freedom of individual discretion. Foreign Ministers now move from capital to capital, as do Heads of State and Heads of Government, and in this way closer international relations, based on the personal acquaintance of world leaders with each other, have often been established. Ambassadors may perhaps regard this as not being an unmixed (more) - k - Press Release SG/GM/326 22 June 1965

"blessing, but I believe in the long run this speed in transport and communication has served the cause of peace. For exaiupla, the establishment of the 'hot line* ':&::• obvious acrvLi'itr g.?:;, especially in a crisis situation, and this could not have been pcG.-iolc U.t for the technical revolution of our time. "The greater freedom of transport radr possible by civil aviation is, of course, not the monopoly of the world political leaders. The common man is also more free to travel today thar. he was yesterday. All over the world, many countries have air-cove jdd thac the pror/ictiun of tourism can bring about divi- dends, not only in terms of foreign exchange, but in terms of better mutual understanding. "Perhaps the most profound cor.sequerce of the technical revolution in transport and communication is that the world h?s become so small that we are indeed, all of us, neighbours. In such a situation the words of the Charter calling on all of us 'to practice tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbours' acquire special significance. One of the many problems of our world today is that there is so much mistrust and suspicion of the motivations of national policies. If we are to survive, we must break down this wall of mistrust and suspicion. This is the greatest task before the United Nations which, under its Charter, has ! to be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations ...'. Let us hope that in this common task the United Nations and the International Civil Aviation Organization can continue to act in co-operation and partnership." 704 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office cf Public Information United i .:ticns, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATICS .IEDIA -- roT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/1652 22 June 1965

UNITED iriKODpMy ITQgHAl COIITRr^E TO EDUCATION A3SD TPAINPTG PROGRAMME FOR SGUjJK .AT TCANS

The Secretary-General, U Thant, has lieen informed "by Lord Caradon, Minister cf Stcte for lorei^n Affairs and Permanent Representative of the United Kr-'i.rjiom. to the United rations, that, in connexion with the Education and Training Programme i'or South Africans, .Authorised by the Security Council in its resolution S/5773 of 18 June 196^, the Government of the United Kingdom has decided to contribute £25,000 towards this Programme to assist in its initiation this year. The Secretary-General has also been informed by the Government of Norway that it will be contributing a sum of $2^,000 towards this same Programme.

* -K--X--* 705 UNITED RATIONS Press Services Office of Pablic Information United Nations,, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/1651 21 June 1965

UNITED KINGDOM, DENMARK, ICELAND, NORWAY, SWEDEN, CANADA, ANNOUITCE VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS TO UNITED STICKS t

At 10 a.m. today, Lord Caradon, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs and Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom to the United Nations, called on the Secretary-General and informed him that the British Government has today pledged a sum of $10 million as "an unconditional voluntary contribution" towards ridding the United Nations cf its financial difficulties. At 10:30 a.m. today, the Permanent Representatives of Denmark, Iceland, Norway and Sweden called on the Secretary-General together anl informed him of voluntary pledges by their Governments to help the United Nations out of its present financial difficulties. The pledges were as follows: Denmark -- $1 million Iceland -- $80,000 Norway -- $700,000 Sweden -- $2 million At 3:15 p-m. today, the Permanent Representative of Canada called on the Secretary-General to inform him of his Government1 s pledge of $U million for the same purpose. The Secretary-General expressed his sincere gratitude to the Governments for the action taken by them which showed their continuing faith in the United Nations and which was designed to strengthen the United Nations through a co- Operative effort in line with the recommendations of the Special Committee on Peace-Keeping Operations. 702 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Pabiic Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/32^ SC/2738 18 June 196 5 TEXT OF STATEMENT BY SKCR&TARY Ilf SECURITY" COUNCIL OK 18 JUNE

Following is the text of a statement made by the Secretary-General, U Thant, in the Security Council at the afternoon meeting of 18 June:

"At the meeting of the Security Council this morning, several matters were raised on which I may comment briefly. One of thase dealt with the enlargements of the staff of my Representative in Santo Domingo. As I had occasion to inform the members of the Security Council at the 1223rd meeting of th3 Security Council on 11 June 19&5; 'the level of the staff required by my Representative is under constant review and I will provide him with the necessary assistance as the circumstances may demand*. "I wish to assure the members of the Council, once again, that, in the exercise of my responsibilities, I will provide my Representative with all the possible assistance that he may require in the performance of his duties, both as regards staff and ancillary facilities. "The question of communications between my Representative and the United Nations Headquarters in New Ygrk has also been a subject under close examination by me, and the competent services are now looking into the possibility of either ensuring a more reliable link for the transmission of messages from the Dominican Republic through existing facilities or, alternatively, the establishment of our own system of communications, which, naturally would require substantial expenditures* The paramount consideration is, of course, the need to ensure prompt and undisturbed communication between my Representative and the United Nations Headquarters. "The provision of a map to the members of the Security Council was also mentioned this morning. While it was not clear whether the suggestion referred to a map of the Dominican Republic or of the City of Santo Domingo, I assume

(more) - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/324 3C/2738 18 June 1965 that the Council would wish to have both, and I have taken the necessary steps to have these ins.ps prepared and circulated to the members of the Council, For the convenience of the members of the Council, provisional maps of the Dominican Republic and of the City of Santo Domingo have just been distributed to the members of the Security Council. I should also wish to draw to the attention of the members of thj Council that a map of the City of Santo Domingo has been circulated as an ani;ex to the letter dated 12 May 19^5 addressed to me by the Assistant Secretary General of the Organization of American States (document 8/636^ of 18 May 1965). This map shows the 'safety zone' and the corridor rvt the date of issuance of that report, "I also wish to inform the Council that I have requested my Representative to report to me on the present deployment of the Inter-American Force in the area where the fighting took place on 15 and l6 June. This report is expected shortly, and I will, of course, circulate it as soon as it has been received."

* *•** 701 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — WOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/321 C1T/282 15 June 1965

TEXT OF NOTE VEREALE FROM SV7ITZERLA1IT) TO SECRETARY-GENERAL ON COSTS OF PrACE-KEEPING FORCE IN CYPRUS

Following is the text of a note verbale, dated It June 1965, received by the Secretary-General, U Thant, fron the Permanent Observer of Switzerland to the United Nations, Ernest A. Tiialinami:

Original French Text

"L'Observateur Permanent de la Suisse aupres des Nations Unies presente ses compliments au Secretaire general des Nations Unies et a I'honneur de lui faire savoir que le Conseil federal suisse a decide) de contribuer pour un inontant de 69 COO dollars au financement de I1action des Nations Unies a Chypre pendant la cinquieme perioue de trois mois. "L'Observateur Permanent se refere a cette occasion a la note qu'il a aciressee au Secretaire general le 25 mars 1964 et dans laquelle il lui a fait connaitre les considerations qui avaient inspire la decision du Conseil federal de participer au financement de cette action. "Par ailleurs, la perspective de nouvelles contributions eventuelles a 1'UNFICYP prooccupe serieusement les autorites federales qui desireraient qu'une entente entre les parties puisse amener rapidement a 1'abrogation ou a une reduction sensible de 1'action des Nations Unies a Chypre."

Unofficial English Translation

"The Permanent Observer of Switzerland to the United Nations presents his compliments to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and has the honour to inform him that the Swiss Federal Council has decided to contribute the sum of $65,000 towards the cost of the United Nations Operation in Cyprus for the fifth three-month period.

(more) - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/321 CYP/282 15 June 1965

"The Permanent Observer wishes, on this occasion, to refer to the note which he addressed to the Secretary-General on 25 March 196^> informing him of the considerations which inspired the decision of the Federal Council to participate in the financing of this operation. "The federal authorities are seriously concerned with the prospects of new contributions towards the costs cf UKJICYP and they hope that an understanding between the parties would lead to the elimination or to a marked reduction of the United Nations Operation in Cyprus."

7\v/ *n/ \AJ AW 700 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of F 'Kile Information Un:'ted JatioL3, N,Y. (FOR US2 OF irn-'OPMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/T/62 Ik June 1965

SECRETARY~CI !TOAL_ U TEAM RECEIVES HONORARY DEGREE AT YALE UNIVERSITY

Hie Secretary-General, U Tbont, today received the honorary degree of

Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) from Yale University.

He travelled to New Eaven this morning to attend the commencement

exercises there. After the ceremony, he was the guest of honour at a luncheon given by the President of the University, Kingnan Brewster Jr.

He will return to New York late this afternoon. 699 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/320 SC/2733 11 June 1965

TEXT OF STATEMENT BY SECRETAFr-GENERAL IN GFCURITY COUNCIL ON 11 JUNE 19$5

Following is the text of a statement made "by the Secretary-General, U Thant, in the Security Council today5 concerning ^be situation in the Dominican Republic:

"As stated in my report to the Security Council of 3 Juie 1965 (S/6U08), I have provided ny Representative in the Dominican Republic with the staff and facilities necessary for the discharge of the mandate set forth in operative paragraph 2 of the Security Council resolution cf ik May 19&5- My Representative has himself reassured me to this effect. The extent of the personnel requirements and other ancillary facilities required by my Representative is under constant review. "The present mandate involves observation and reporting. This does not, in my view or that of my RepreseLtative, include the actual investigation of complaints and charges about specific incidents and the necessary verification of information concerning them which involves investigation, other than incidents of overt firing which constitute clear breaches of the cease-fire. For my Representative to undertake formally the added function of investigation and verification of complaints, would, by my understanding, require specific clarification by the Council, Such action would provide the necessary sanction for my Representative to undertake investigations. It would also require a substantially enlarged staff and increased facilities. Even with this, under prevailing circumstances in the Dominican Republic, I can give no assurance to t he Council that an added responsibility of investigation and verification could receive that co-operation from the parties on the spot necessary to its effective discharge by my Representative.

(more) - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/320 SC/2733 11 June 1965

"On the other hand, I may assure the Council that my Representative is keeping a 'watchful eye' on all such matters and is reporting to me what he sees, A good example of this is to be found in the report (3/6432) which has just been circulated to the Council. "As I have stated above, the level of the staff required by my Representa- tive is under constant review and I will provide him with the necessary assistance as the circumstances may demand. "Should the Security Council decide to enlarge the terms of reference laid down in the above-mentioned resolution, I would, of course, in the exercise of my responsibilities, take adequate measures to make available to my Representa- tive euch additional staff and facilities as would be required."

* #-*•* -x- 696 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF IWtCTiATION MEDIA — NOT AIT OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/319 GYP/281 10 June 1965

TEXT OF LETTER FuQM BELGIUM TO SECRETARY-GENERAL ON COSTS OF PEACEKEEPING ^'ORCE IN CYPRUS

Following is the text of a letter, dated 5 June, received by the Secretary-General, U Thant, from the Permanent Representative of Belgium to the United Nations, Walter Loridan: Original French Text "Comme suite a votre lettre FI 323/3 (18) du 21 decembre 1961*, j'ai 1'honneur de porter a votre connaissance que le Gouvernement beige a marque' son accord sur le paiement d'une nouvelle contribution volontaire de 6 millions de francs beiges pour la quatrieme periode de fonctionnement de 1'UNFICYP, Le versement en sera effectue prochainement, "Je me dois de vous faire part de 1Tintention du Gouvernement beige de consid^rer cette mesure ccmme cloturant la participation financiere beige au maintien de lrUNFICYP a Chypre. "Je saisis cette occasion, Monsieur le Secretaire general, pour vous renouveler I1assurance de ma plus haute consideration." Unofficial Translation "Following your letter FI 323/3 (18) of 21 December 1964, I have the honour to inform you that the Belgian Government has agreed to make a new voluntary contribution of 6 million Belgian francs* for the fourth period of operations of UNFICYP. The payment will be made shortly. "I would like to inform you that my Government intends to consider this payment as the last Belgian contribution towards the costs of UNFICYP. "I avail myself of this opportunity, Mr. Secretary-General, to assure you again of my highest consideration." •* •*•*•* * * Approximately $US 120,000. 697 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information Uni;ed Nations, IT.Y.

Press Release SG/SM/318 TAD/13 7 June 1965

TUXT OF STATEMENT BY MR. NAPASIMWAN ON AT QPENiuG oFjroinFEg^NCE O:T TKfl*i:.^ r HITS QF LAM> LOCKED COUNTRIES

t Following is the text of the statement nsade today by C.V. Narasimhan, Chef de Cab:' net, on behalf of the S^c^e.tei'/«General, U Thant, at the opening of the United Nations Conference on I:-aiirit Traae of Land-Locked Countries:

"In the abrcr.ce of the L;,, ere tary- General °? "the United Nations and also on behalf of the Secretary General of tlie Conferoncs on Trade and Development, it is my great privilege and pleasure to welcome you to the Conference on Transit Trade of Land-locked Countries. This is the first conference devoted specially to the transit problems of land-locked States. It is also the first conference of States convened under the new United Nations Conference on Trade and Develop- ment. "The question of transit facilities of land-locked countries has engaged the attention of various organs of the United Nations for many years and, even before that, the Barcelona Convention on Transit was concluded under the League of Nations. In the United Nations, the General Assembly adopted in 1957 a resolution recognizing the need of land-locked countries for adequate transit facilities in promoting international trade. In the same year, when calling an international conference to examine the law of the sea, the General Assembly recommended that the conference should study the question of free access to the sea of land-locked countries, as established by international practice and treaties. This recommendation was implemented at the Conference on the Law of the Sea in 1958, when it incorporated certain provisions in the Convention on High Seas and in the Convention on the Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone. "Further consideration of transit trade of land-locked countries took place in the Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE), which culminated in the adoption at its twentieth session of a resolution recommending that the

(more ) - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/318 TAD/13 7 June 1965 subject be given urgent and sympathetic consideration at the 19 Conference on Trade and Development, with a view to formulating an adequate and effective international convention to ensure the freedom of transit trade of land-locked countries. In compliance with this request, the Trade Conference established a Sub-Committee on Land-Locked Countries and, on the recommendation of the Sub- Committee, unanimously adopted a set of eight Principles together with an Inter- pretative Note. These Principles constitute yet another great step forward in the promotion of transit trade of land-locked countries, thus enhancing their economic development. "in addition to the adoption of those Principles, the 19&U Trade Conference also requested the Secretary-General of the United Nations to appoint a committee of twenty-four States, represented by governmental experts, to prepare a new draft convention on the subject and recommended that a conference of plenipotentiaries to consider and adopt the convention, be convened in the middle of 1965. The Preparatory Committee met here at Headquarters from 26 October to 20 November 19&I-, and the convening of the Conference of plenipotentiaries was approved by the General Assembly at its nineteenth session. You are gathered here today to consider the report of the Preparatory Committee, with a view to adopting a convention on transit trade of land-locked countries. It is relevant to note, in this connexion, that today, 25 out of llU Member States of the United Nations are land-locked. "The Preparatory Committee has done remarkably well in its consideration of the draft convention on transit trade of land-locked States within a short period of time. Although there are a number of substantive points on which divergent views were expressed and which remain to be settled, it is my sincere hope that, given mutual understanding and in the spirit of co-operation, difficulties will be overcome and this Conference will be brought to a successful conclusion. In this connexion, I cannot fail to recall that 19^5 has been designated by the United Cations as International Co-operation Year. Let us endeavour to achieve the purpose of this Conference through the greatest degree of international co-operation. "The Secretary-General has also asked me to convey to you all his highest personal good wishes for the success of this Conference. Needless to say, the the Secretariat will do its best to assist the Conference in all possible ways. (more) - 3 '- Press Release SG/SM/JlS TAD/13 7 June 1965

"The Secretary-General, in his preface to the volume on policy statements made at the 196^ Trade Conference, has said, that "it is vital for the world community to create an international trade environment that would facilitate the growth of developing countries, and not to thwart it". Let us hope that the present Conference will reach an agreement on transit problems, contributing thereby tD the creation of an environment conducive to the economic development of the develor>in: countries."

•* •*•*•* * 696 UNITED 'NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/317 CYP/280 7 June 1965

TEIT OF LETTER FROM DEIMARK TO SECRETARY-GENERAL ON COSTS OF PEACE-KEEPING FORCE IN CYPRUS

Following is the text of a letter, dated 3 June, received by the Secretary-General, U Thant, from the Permanent Representative of Denmark to the United Nations, Hans R. Tabor:

"I have the honour to refer to your letter FI/323/3 (18) of March 25, 1965 in which you draw attention to the Security Council Resolution 201 (1965) of March 19, 196?, on the question of Cyprus, and. in which you appealed to my Government to make a voluntary contribution to meet the costs for a fifth period of the United Nations Peace-Keeping Force in Cyprus. "I have now been instructed to inform you that the Government of Denmark has decided to make a contribution of Danish kroner 520,000,- to meet the costs for the fifth three months period. This amount will be placed with a bank account in Denmark and offset against expenses paid by the Danish authorities in connection with the Danish contingent to UNFICYP. "The decision to make this voluntary contribution under the provision of the 6th operative paragraph of the Security Council Resolution S/5575 of March ^, 196U is without prejudice to the principle of collective responsibility of the financing of the United Nations Peace-Keeping operations."

#• #-*•* # 695 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR US2 OF IlIFORMATIOIT MEDIA — HOT A1J OiTTCIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/316 7 June 1965

TEXT OF CONGRATULATORY^MEGSAGE FROM SECRETAP.Y-GENERAL 52 pHESTD5L;iT JOHi-igON ON GEMINI FOUR FLIGHT

Following is the text of a cable from the Secretary-General, U Thant, extending congratulations to President IGemini 4 astronauts:

"I am happy to extend to you and to the people of the United States of America my heartiest congratulations on your latest and most remarkable achievement in the peaceful conquest of outer space. Kindly convey my personal felicitations to astronauts James McDivitt and Edward White and to the team of American scientists and technicians who made this historic feat possible."

# *-**

UNITED N A T I..O N S Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF IIJrURl'IATJOH MEDIA — HOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

CAUTION: ADVANCE.RELEASE Press Release SG/SM/31U Not "for use "before 3 p.m. EBT k June 1965 (2.900 GMT) on Sunday, 6 June

TSJff .OZLAPP^efiLJi..^^! 3ECRJ^\PT-OEN~KAL, U THAMT, AT COI-llL^CEI'ENT EXIiRC.TSSS AT COLBY COLLEGE, 6 JUNE

Following is the text of an address to "be (riven by the Secretary-General, U Thant, at the Commencement exercises at Colby College in Waterville, Maine, on 6 Jane:

t:I am delighted to have this opportunity to participate in the Commencement ceremony at Colby College, For one thing, it takes me back to my first chosen career, which was that of a teacher. For another, it gives me a refreshing and welcorae change in atmosphere from the world of international affairs which knows so much of conflict. "I am particularly pleased to be at Colby since I understand that you have a number of links with my own country — Burma. I am told that Colby's first graduate, George Dana Eoardman of the class of 1622, went to Burma as a missionary vith the Karens and that since that time, many missionaries' have gone to Burma from here, so I feel that I am — if a little belatedly — doing something to return the favour. "Your President's wife was born in Pegu near Rangoon, and one member of your graduating class this year is Ralph Bunche, Jrc, the son of my close friend and colleague at the United Nations, so I feel very much at home here at Colby. My colleague, incidentally, tells me that he feels greatly relieved today. I wonder why. "Commencement speakers face a curious dileiicna. On the one hand, they are expected to impart to the new generation some of the wisdom and experience they have supposedly acquired during a long and interesting career. On the other hand, they have to address an audience whose principal members are bursting with energy, impatience and even confidence to get out into the world and get going. With this in mind, I promise not to stand in your way for long.

(moi - 2 - ' Press Release SG/SM/31^ Jj- June 1965

"Over thirty years c.go, when I was finishing my formal education, the world was both a much simpler and a much less promising place than it is today. The people of my country were still under colonial domination, like nearly half the people of the world at that tine, and we stepped out of the shelter of the academic world to face a choice "between struggle and frustration. We also could see on the horizon the gathering storm clouds of World War II, and we knew that a larger struggle vould almost certainly engulf us and add a new dimension of complexity to our struggle for independence. "Now, my country, like most other fomer colonial territories, has been independent for a number of years; I am the Chief Officer of a world organisation of Ilk countries; the issues, th= possibilities and the dangers before us are new but more complex than ever — in short, my own university days seem increasingly far, far away. "One thing we certainly did not lack in the early thirties was causes to be committed to and things to struggle against. In this sense, it was a wonderful time to be young, although there were plenty of disadvantages as well, not the least of which was the strong probability of being killed or incapacitated in one war or another. "It is the privilege, possibly even the tradition, of middle-aged persons to complain about the general state of the young and to compare them unfavourably with their predecessors — meaning, of course, the speaker himself as a young man. This is a harmless enough activity, in which the young of every generation traditionally indulge their elders. It is often said nowadays that one of the problems with, and for, the young is that they have no causes to fight for — that everything has been given to them on a silver platter. This is supposed to make them unruly, disrespectful, frivolous, aggressive — and generally not middle-aged, "Personally, I do not for a minute believe that young people today have no causes to fight for. There certainly is ample evidence of restiveness throughout much of the world, as expressed in protest activities of many kinds. As to causes, on the contrary they have to face a new and very complicated world in which the struggle for all sorts of wonderful and positive things is only just beginning.

(more) Press Release SG/SM/31^ k June 1965

"It is true that seme of x-he eld strrvxles have already "been more or less won — the smuggle fci 3cJ/?~p3^erin: ":,tion and independence,, the fight for labour organ.'.-ati en, the struggle for a bacic minimum, of social welfare, to rijie a few crises cf past generaor'.oac. And young people are, at this moment, playing a v^ry si-;;;-rif: -mnt ?:^ iiapc^-?,iit ^ra't in the Ft", uggle for civil rights here :.n the Unit:-';1 Ctatos. E".t the fight c,gair.;rc povor^y, ignorance and disease is still very iuv.cli wrch us nil over the trorld, and. cc is the fight against war. "As these ancl other causes are von, new vistas will unfold, not only in outer space; but here on our oivn plii.et. A brief glance at seme of these new vistas Ghouic leave no doubt in ycur minds that there are plenty of struggles ahead ancl plenty of useful causes to identify yourselves with and to ccnimit your lives to. "The United States is in many '-jays perhaps the most advanced, and certainly the richest, country in the world. And yet there are innumerable things waiting to be done hare in your own great country. Quite apart from civil rights or the poverty prcgi-camo, there are challenges throughout the whole range of scientific, social, political and economic activity, which cry out for youthful vigour and intelligence* "One day's •trail: across one of your great cities, a drive through one of the less fortunate rural areas, or even a quick look at suburbia, will, unless you are already determined to be an astronaut, chow you a hundred challenges to intelligence, courage and determination, There are challenges to the spirit, as well as to the intellect and the body, to be had for the picking, "If this is true of the United States, it is even truer of the world at large, for in vast areas the process of self-help and improvement has only just started. The struggle to narrow the gap between the developed and less developed countries, between the rich and poor, the haves and havs-nots in the world, is, indeed, the most crucial and the most challenging struggle of our century. For just a3 the stability of the advanced nations has proved to rest on narrowing the gap between rich and poor, so will the future stability of the relations between nations. The Foreign Service; the Peace Corps, the international civil service and all sorts of other work provide ways of partaking in this struggle.

(more) Press Release SG/3M/32.U k June 1965

"There are lots of challenges for all of us, of course, far nearer hone. There is an immense task to be done in separating the good from the bad effects of our new technology. This task runs all the way from the "banning of nuclear weapons and the development of the peaceful uses of atomic energy to the social effects of industrial development, the planning of cities and the dispersal of urban sprawls anci slums, and the development of a society which really gives people the benefits anc! the creative freedom which they have so long been promised. "In the creative ar';s, in intellectual pursuits, in medicine or in science, there is a wealth of unexplored possibilities. 'Possibilities' is the key word, for we have greater possibilities than man has ever had. before. The problem is to u-ie these possibilities, to develop them and to control them -- to seek the fulfilment of men's ancient dreams and hopes by exploiting the marvels of the age, rather than being terrified or bored by them. History hitherto has been so hard, so violent and so destructive that we really have very little idea of what man can do once he is relieved of the afflictions, prejudices, burdens and disasters under which he has laboured for so long. This age of ours, which offers so much material comfort and so many easily attainable diversions, also presents us with a challenge to the spirit which cannot and must not be ignored. It will avail us little to raise the standards of living around the world, to give men a comfort and ease which was not even dreamed of fifty years ago, to ensure mankind against plague, pestilence, famine and sudden death, even to develop a reliable system of avoiding war, if in the process we lose the fire and inspiration from which have ccme the enduring creations and achievements of die human spirit. This is a spiritual challenge for each one to meet by himself and alone. "Prosperity, material progress and good fortune require a greater exercise of private discipline, a greater spiritual effort, than poverty and misfortune, vhicli impose a certain iron discipline of their own. This individual and private effort is necessary if our new-found ease and good fortune are not to enslave us, but rather to give us the freedom which we need to make a great new step forward in human civilization. "It may be your generation which will find the new attitudes and approaches which will allow man to enter at last into the inheritance to which his intelligence, his genius and his courage entitle him. I hope so, and, if you succeed, you will seldom have a dull moment or an unproductive one. I wish you all good luck." 695 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — ITOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/315 GYP/279 3 June 1965

TEXT OF^NGTE VFRBA LE FROM JTALYjrp_JECRSTARY-CSNERAL 0:i COSTS OF P_5ACE_-KEEPING JORGE IN CYPRUS

Following is the text of a note verbale, dated 28 May, received "by the Secretary-General, U Thart, from the Permanent Representative of Italy to the United Nations, Piero Vinci:

"The Permanent Representative of Italy presents his compliments to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and has the honour to refer to the verbal communication made "by H,E. Prime Minister Moro, on the occasion of his visit to the Heac'ouarters on 23 April 19^5, according to which the Italian Government will contribute the sum of Lire 183,000}000 (approximately $292,800) to the cost of the United Nations Peace-JCeeping Operations in Cyprus, for the period 27 June 196U - 26 March 1965.- "The aforesaid sum will be placed at the disposal of the United Nations as soon as the administrative procedures will be completed.

"At the same time the Italian Government, as was also stated by H.E. Aldo Moro, will take upon itself the cost of the rotation of the Swedish contingent of UNFICYP, undertaken by the Italian Air Force in October 196^. "Furthermore, the Permanent Representative of Italy has the honour to inform the Secretary-General of the United Nations, with reference to the latter's note dated 25 March 1965 -- PI 323/3 (lS), that the Ital- ian Government has also decided to contribute the sum of Lire 85,000,000 (approximately $135,000) to the cost of UNFICYP for the fifth three-months' period of operations authorized by the Security Council in its Resolution 201 (1965) of the 19th of March 1965."

#• #-** *

UNITED NATION 3 Press Services Office of Pablic Information United Nations, N.Y- (FOR USE OF II^TORMATIOII MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/313 GA/3027 2 June 1965

['EXT 0? STATEMENT BY SECRETARY-GENERAL AT NINTH MEETING OF SPECIAL COMMITTEE OH PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS ON 2 JUNE

Following is the text of the statement by the Secretary-General, U Thant, at the ninth meeting of the Special Committee on Peace-Keeping Operations on 2 June:

First of all, I should like to convey to the Committee the regrets and apologies from the President of the General Assembly, Ambassador Quaison-Sackey, for not being able to preside over today1s meeting. He returned from Europe tiiree clays ago, but unfortunately he has had to leave again for a few days. He is expected to return early next week. Members will have received the report which the President of the General Assembly and I have submitted to the Special Committee. It is contained in document A/AC.121/k. It is not my intention to explain in detail the contents of the report, but I should like, on behalf of the President of the General Assembly and myself, to make a few observations relating to the report. Members of the Committee are aware of the mandate entrusted to the Secretary- General and the President of the General Assembly in operative paragraph 1 of resolution 2006 (XIX), "to undertake appropriate consultations on the whole question of peace-keeping in all their aspects, including ways of overcoming the present financial difficulties of the Organization". The President of the General Assembly and I undertook extensive consultations, and would like to express our appreciation of the courtesy and co-operation extended to us by members in this matter. We believe that these consultations have been helpful. We have also bf:nefitted substantially "by the formal meetings of the Committee, during which the members tried, in a helpful and co-operative manner, to make positive and constructive contributions to the work of the Committee.

(more) Press Release SG/2:;/?13 GA/3027 2 June 1965

In the report before you, the President of the General Assembly and I have attempted to place before you as complete a picture as possible of our understanding of the various views relating to the different aspects of the problem, which have been expressed during the informal consultations and the formal meetings of the Committee. In our view, it would not have been helpful to present to you merely a factual account of all the views and suggestions made in this connexion. We have, r.ccordingly, tried to make the picture as complete as possible. While we have not tried to suggest answers to all the questions, and solutions to all the problems, involved in the work of the Committee, we have, in the final section cf the report, made certain observations which we hope will help the Committee in its work. I realize that the report was made available to you only yesterday. We can schedule meetings of the Coromittee later this week or early next week, as necessary, to enable the Committee to discuss this report, and matters arising from it, as well as other relevant questions. 691 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, IT.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/312 CYP/278 1 June 1965

TEXT OF NOTE VERBALS FROM NIGERIA TO SECRETARY-GENERAL ON COSTS OF F.1ACE-KEEPING FORCE IN CYPRUS

Following is the text of a note verbale, dated 28 May, received "by the Secretary-General, U Thant, frcm the Permanent Representative of Nigeria to the United Nations, Chief S.O. Adebo:

"The Permanent Representative of Nigeria to the United Nations presents his compliments to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and has the honour to refer to the Secretary-General's letter No. FI 323/3(l8) of 25th March, 1965, regarding the appeal for support of the United Nations operation in Cyprus pursuant to Security Council resolution 201 (1965) adopted at the Security Council meeting No. 1193 of 19th March, 1965. "The Permanent Representative of Nigeria is happy to inform the Secretary- General that the Government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, has agreed to increase the amount of its contribution to the United Nations operation in Cyprus from $2,800 to $5,000. "The Permanent Representative of Nigeria avails himself of this opportunity to renew to the Secretary-General the assurances of his highest esteem*"

#• 690 UNITED NATIONS Pres.j Services Office of Public Information United Nations, 1M.Y, (FOR USE 0? liTOKMAlIO-tf tiiSDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/311 TR/1839 28 May 1965

TF.XT OF STATEMENT BY SECRF.TARY»G£N5KAI- IN TRUSTEESHIP CO'JNCIL, 28 MAY

Following is the text of the statement made by the Secretary-General, U Thant, at the opening .meeting of the thirty-second session of the Trusteeship Council at United Nationo Headquarters on C'3 May 1965:

"Mr. President, "Although this is the first occasion that I have been able to attend the opening of a cession of the Trusteeship Council, this main organ of the United Nations is not new to ne. As the representative of Burma, I participated in its work for a number of years, and since then 1 have continued to follow its activities with the greatest of interest. "For this reason it is a source of special pleasure for me to say a few words at the opening of the thirty-second session of this Council. "This Council may legitimately have a sense of satisfaction, and indeed pride, in what it has achieved. In 19^-7$ when the Council was first constituted, it was responsible for 10 Trust Territories, which later became 11 when Somaliland was placed under the Trusteeship System. By 1962 eight of those Trust Territories had achieved the objectives laid doi.Ti in the Charter, and seven of them, upon the attainment of independence, joined the family of the United Nations. The independence movement in the per4-,-war era .;;viy be attributed to many factors, but it is an incontrovertible fact that the Trusteeship System, by providing the means for closer contact with the peoples of the Trust Territories through oral petitions and regular visiting missions, h? 3 made an invaluable contribution to the peaceful process of decolonization. "Today, you are meeting to consider conditions in the remaining three Trust Territories which are situated in the Pacific area. In all of these Territories, there have been developments of interest to the Council during the past year. In the Trust Territory of the rv-.ific Islands, the inauguration of

(mere) - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/511 TR/1339

the Congress of Micronesia marks the establishment for the first time of a territory-wide legislature. In New Guinea the new House of Assembly has met for the first time and important surveys have been carried out in the fields of econ•:.;.:.c dc\\--loj:.. ent ai.i Id^er education. "Developments in New Guinea and Nauru have, of course, "been carefully studied by the Visiting Mission, which has just returned. The Visiting Mission1s reports, which you will be considering at this session, and which contain an account of thsse developments and the Mission's comments on '.hem will, I am sure, be of great assistance to the Council in formulating its conclusions and recommendations on these two Territories. "In considering these and other developments at this session, I have no doubt that members of the Council will continue to be guided by the principles of the Charter. The most important question that is being asked today is not whether these remaining Trust Territories will ultimately attain tLe objectives set for them in the Charter, but when these objectives will be attained. As I have said on another occasion: 'It is the experience of history that when freedom is delayed too long, extreme forces rise to the surface and dominate the scene, and in the long run pose a threat to the orderly development and peaceful progress of the countries involved.' "I hope, Mr. President, you will be guided by this experience in your deliberations."

•* #•*# # 669 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/310 GXP/277 28 May 1965

TEXT OF LETTER FROM MALTA TO SECRETARY-GENERAL ON COSTS OF PEACE-KEEPING FORCE IN CYPRUS

Following is the text of a letter, dated 26 May, from the Permanent Representative of Malta to the United Nations, Arvid Pardo, to the Secretary- General, U Thant:

"I have the honour to refer to your communication dated 25 March, reference FI323/3(l8)j appealing to my Government to make a further voluntary financial contribution for the support of the United Nations Operations in Cyprus, and I am instructed to inform you that the Government of Malta has decided to make a further token contribution of one hundred pounds sterling* for this purpose."

Equivalent of $280. 666 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office o*' Public Information United nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MZDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/308 CYP/276 27 May 1965

TEXT OF LETTER FROM LUXEMBOURG TO SECRETARY-GENERAL ON COSTS OF PEACE-KEEPING FORCE IN CYPRUS

Following is the text of a letter, dated 25 May, received by the Secretary- General, U Thant, from the Permanent Representative of Luxembourg to the United Nations, Pierre Wurth:

"J1 ai 1'honneur de porter ii votre connaissance que le Gouvernement luxeinbourgeois versera dans les tout premiers jours une contribution voluntaire de 5 000 dollars (cinq, mille dollars) destinde au financement de la Force des Nations Unies charge'e du maintien de la paix a Chypre pour la cinquieme pe*riode de trois inois."

Unofficial English Translation "I have the honour to inform you that the Government of Luxembourg has decided to make a voluntary contribution of $5>OCO towards the costs of the United Nations Peace-Keeping Force in Cyprus, for the fifth three-month period." 687 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Note No. 27 May 1965

NOTE TO CORRESPONDENTS

REMARKS BY THE SECRETARY -GENERAL AT THE ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF NON-GOVERM«TAL ORGANIZATIONS OH THURSDAY, 27 MAY 1963 -1- Note No 27 May

Th e SECRti;TAKY-GENEPAL: Madame Chairman and friends: Of course, I do not need to say how delighted I am to be able to meet with you once again. I want to take this opportunity of again expressing to you iny very sincere thanks on behalf of this Organization for your dedicated work in the cause of the United Nations and your devotion to the Charter principles. Perhaps it will he appropriate for me on this occasion to present to you some of my thoughts on the situation facing the United Nations at present -- and, for that matter, facing the world at present. You will perhaps all agree with me when I say that after the Cuban missile crisis of October 1962 there vas a general realization all over the world, and particularly among the major Powers, the nuclear Powers, of the terrible consequences of a nuclear catastrophe. That realization made the large Powers cautious and, i.i a curious way, helped to create an atmosphere congenial to the conduct of peaceful negotiations and discussions. otrangely enough, after the Cuban cdssile crisis we experienced a rapid thaw in the cold war in 19^3. In my experience, 19^3 was one of the best years in the history of the United Nations, GO far as international relations were concerned. In that year we witnessed, the signing of the partial test-ban treaty in Moscow, and we witnessed the adoption by the General Assembly of a resolution banning nuclear weapons in outer space. Not only that ; in the General Assembly session of September-December 19&3 many important resolutions were adopted almost unanimously. It was, I think, a unique experience for all of us in the United Nations. Thus, at the end of 1965, most of us who wanted to see the United Nations develop into a really effective instrument for peace hoped that 196^ would be a still better year in terns of international relations. and the general political climate. Unfortunately, 1961+ represented a set-back in many ways. International relations. deteriorated to some extent, primarily because of the

(more) Note No. -2- 27 May 1965 dispute centring around the applicability of Article 19 of the Charter, as you are no doubt aware. And, as you know, the last session of the General Assembly was in many ways abortive. Very little progress was achieved at the last session of the General Assembly, primarily because of the dispute centring around, the applicability of Article 19 of the Charter. I had hoped that 1965 would be a better year, in the sense that the pertinent provision of the Charter relating to the need to practise tolerance and live with one another as good neighbours would be applicable in our relationships. That was our hope at the end of last year. Unfortunately, as I have said on a previous occasion, the first few months of 19&5 have not given any ground for optimism — not only in relation to the future functionning of this Organization, but also in relation to the general picture of international relationsin terns of the provisions of the Charter. I do not think that I need to go into the details or the circumstances that have led to tills situation. But it is a fact -- I am convinced of it -- that the first five months of 1965 represent a definite set-back, as compared with the very favourable atmosphere that we witnessed in 19^3^ particularly. While on that subject, I wish to share with you a very brief thought on the functioning of regional organizations vis-a-via the United Nations.

Of course, it is far from my intention to question the jurisdiction or the competence of regional organizations in performing certain functions, in accordance with the constitutions laid down by those organizations. But, from the point of view of the functioning of the United Nations in accordance with the Charter, 1 think that recent developments should stimulate some thought by all of us regarding the character of the regional organizations, the nature of their functions and obli- gations in relation to the responsibilities of the United Nations under the Charter. If a particular regional organization considers itself competent to perform certain functions by way of enforcement action in its own region, I am afraid that the same principle should be applicable to other regional organizations too. At present, there are many regional organizations all over the world. I shall mention three in particular: the Organization of American States, the Organization of African Unity and the League of Arab States. Those three organizations have been

(more) Note No. 3140 -3- 27 May 1965

formed, not on the basis of political ideologies, but on the basis of geography. If a particular regional organization, under the terms of its own constitution, deems it fit to take certain enforcement action in its own region, it naturally follows that other regional organizations should be considered competent, because of the precedent, to take certain enforcement action in their own regions. If the Organization of American States is recognized as competent to take certain enforcement action in a particular country in its own region, then we have to admit that the Organization of African Unity is also competent to take certain definitive actLon by way of enforcement in its region* The same considerations naturally apply to the League of Arab States, if the League decides to take certain enforcement action in its region. Although, as I have said, it is far from my intention to question the competence or the jurisdiction of any regional organization to take any action in conformity with the terms of its own constitution, I feel that all of us and all of you, who have so sincerely and honestly dedicated youroelves to the cause of the United Nations Charter, should do some heart-searching. I am sure that those brief observations of mine will stimulate some thought, I have just one more point to make. I think that it is worth recalling and reiterating that the enemies of man today, and for that matter, the enemies of man yesterday, are ignorance, illiteracy, disease and poverty. Those are the real enemies of man- I think that if the leaders of thought, the leaders of ideas, the leaders of men, the leaders of Governments, the leaders of countries, are to bend their efforts to achieving significant results in the creation of a stable world order, those enemies must be fought first: illiteracy, ignorance, poverty and disease. In over two-thirds of the world today, most of the people do not have enough to eat; they do not have sufficient clothing; they do not have suitable houses in which to live. I think that to preach to them and tell them about the virtues of democracy, the virtues of human dignity, the virtues of fundamental human freedoms, is not only irrelevant, >ut comic. Their first need is to have sufficient food to eat, to have adequate clothing, to have suitable houses in which tu live. Those are their primary needs. I think that attempts to preach these ideas of parliamentary democracy and fundamental freedoms arid human

(more) Note N.,. -4- 27 May 1965

dignity will not go to their hearts. In my view, that is,not tlje remedy. The remedy is to do away with these causes of illiteracy, ignorance, disease and poverty. I think that we have to go to the root of the problem if we are to establish a stable world order, if we are to see that the principles of the United Nations Charter are implemented in all parts of the world. Once again let me say how delighted I am to be able to thank you personally for all the excellent and dedicated work you have put into the cause of the United Nations, which we all hold very dear,

The _CHAIRMAN; To bring forward our efforts, particularly during the next few months, the Secretary-General has offered to answer three questions this morning that would be pertinent.

QUESTION: I should like to ask one question with reference to regional organizations. Is it not true, and perhaps pertinent to what you said, Mr. Secretary-General, that under the Charter, if any other treaty is in conflict with the Charter, the Charter must prevail?

The SECRETARY-GENERAL: That is a very pertinent question. So far, I have not expressed any public opinion on this very current topic, which has been one of the aspects of the recent debate in the Security Council. I do not think that it would be in the public interest for me to come out with a public statement on this issue, because it is very contentious. What I have said, however, is this: Without passing judgement on the competence or jurisdiction of the regional organisations vis-a-vis the jurisdiction of the United Nations, I appeal to you to give some , thought to the consequences of the recognition of the competence of the regional organization in taking enforcement action in its particular region, because such a precedent might have very significant, I would say, repercussions in other regional organizations. Beyond that I do not think it would be in the public interest for me to go in expressing any opinion.

(more} Note No. -5- 27 May 1965

QUESTION: I was certainly pleased to hear the Secretary-General single out the real enemies of today that are the centre of the concern of the United Nations. Does he not believe that at this time of crisis in public opinion on the United Nations, that should be the place where the NGO's can make their greatest contribution, by raking known the actual work being done and the great need to step up that work in meeting these real enemies of mankind?

The SECRETARY-GENERAL: I think that that is definitely so. That is a field -- if I may say so, the non-political field -- of the work of the United Nations in which the NGO's can contribute very significantly, not only in the creation of a climate congenial to the combatting of these evils, but also in the actual implementation of the various United Nations activities to overcome these evils. I think that it is worth recalling that about 85 per cent of the staff of the United Nations and its sister agencies have been devoting their energies to dealing with the non-political problems, like fighting illiteracy, fighting poverty and fighting disease, I think that in this particular field the NGO!s can definitely play a very significant role.

QUESTION: In terms of your expression of concern, Mr. Secretary-General, about the first five months of this year, I would ask whether you meant that to include the developments with reference to the Conference on Trade and Development. Or is that a hopeful sign of getting at these enemies of mankind to which you referred?

The SECRETARY- GENERAL; When I said that the first five months of 1965 definitely constituted a set-back, I had in mind only the political climate, not the non-political activates of the United Nations. In the trade field we have, of course, made a definite advance in 1965 -- and, for that matter, late in 196^, We have made a very definite advance in the field of trade. We have been able to set up a sound basis for the implementation of most of the principles that have been adopted by the General Assembly from year to year. I repeat that when I said that the political climate in the first five months of 19&5 nad ^een far from congenial, I was thinking primarily in terms of the political situation in tha world today. * #-*#• * 686 UNITED -NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- HOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

CAUTION: ADVANCE RELEASE Press Release SG/SM/3*7 Not for use before 5:30 a.m. EDT 26 May 1965 (0930 Glffl?) Thursday, 27 May

TEXT OF MESSAGE FROM SECRETARY-GENERAL TO COLIOQUE INTERNATIONAL DE NICE

Following is the text of e, statement to be made on behalf of the Secretary- General, U Thant, by the Legal Counsel of the United Nations, C.A. Stavropoulos, at the Colloque International de Nice,* on 27 May 1965:

"I am deeply honoured th&t'lsiho 3«

"'This most distinguished gathering has chosen a subject as important a-s it is controversial, and I am sure that your discussions here will shed new light upon it. It is most essential that persons such as yourselves, of high professional competence and experience in public life and in the law, should apply their experience and their ability to such problems with a sense of real urgency. Public questions of great scope, such as this one, can too easily become lost to sight in the whirlpool of political controversy, but it is most desirable that they should also be subjected to stringent intellectual and professional scrutiny. Otherwise, we run a risk of the United Nations itself becoming the fossilized relic of the controversies of an unhappy past rather than the vital and dynamic hope for a better future.

(more)

The Colloque International on yT£e adaptation of the United Nations to the world of today" will be held at Nice from 27 to 29 May. It has been organized by the French Association for the Development of World Law, headed by. Rene Cassin, with the support of sevti'v' -on-governmental organizations, including the French United Nations ^;;:: M;lotion. ..-..-.2 - Press Release SG/SII/30? 26 May 1965

ftIAs there is a tide in the affairs of men, so there is both progress and recession in the history of sill-human institutions. The important point is to ensure that, in the long view, the balance is on the side of progress. It is a concern of this nature that has brought you together here. The very title of this colloquy, "The adaptation of the United Nations to the world of today", poses a basic question. Is it the United Nations, its Charter and its main organs which should adapt themselves to the world of today? Is it not also the world of today which should try to conform to the ideals and objectives of the Charter? I believe that this must be a dual process of adaptation and that there must be no question of diluting, for reacons of expediency or of temporary discouragement, the ideals and aims of the Charter which were agreed upon at the climax or the Second World War. The substance of my message is thus to convey to you my personal thoughts on the degree of adaptation that is required and the means for accomplishing it. "TThroughout the first 20 years of its existence, the United Nations has shown two conflicting tendencies -- tendencies both of which are to some extent foreseen in the Charter. The two threads which run through its history are, on the one hand, a restrictive series of situations and problems in which the United Nations can do little or nothing, and, on the other, a dynamic or expansive series of situations in which the United Nations has proved to be able to do a great deal more than was foreseen for it by its founders. Obviously, I, as Secretary-General, believe that it is desirable to increase the prevalence of the dynamic tendency over the restrictive one, although I also believe that it is not realistic to assume that sovereign Governments could possibly accept in a short period of time all the practical implications of the ideals and aims to which they subscribed in signing the Charter. MtThe world has clearly changed in many ways since the Charter was drawn up. As a living and dynamic constitution, the Charter has been so interpreted as to adapt itself to many of these changes. Nevertheless, it is necessary to think in terms of some revisions, such as the expansion of the memberships of the Councils. It is also my view, which I expressed recently in a speech, that there are certain anachronisms in the Charter, especially in its provisions dealing with threats to the peace and aci:s of aggression, which are partly responsible for the present constitutional and political crisis in the United Nations. On the other hand, we must not forget that the Charter was drawn up (more ) - y - Press Release SG/SM/30? 26 May 1965 at a time when the relations between the great Powers were at a peak of harmony never reached "before or since. This fact may have initially caused some illusions as to the possibilities of establishing an effective international machinery for keeping the peace and a resulting disillusionment when these possibilities proved to be beyond the reach of peace-time international politics. In seeking an over-all revision of the Charter, there is a danger of losing much of the spirit of 19^5j and I am inclined to think that ws would do well to possess ourselves in pabjience for a -while Icnger and to redouble our efforts to interpret and use the Charter in ways which will make it increasingly effective, before deciding radically to change r'.ts basic design. While the Charter may have been based in part on some misconceptions of the times to come, having been postulated on continued harmony between the great Powei'3,, the founding fathers realistically recognized the facts of power and it would be unrealistic to think of a new Charter which would seek to ignore such facts. 11 * There can be no doubt that times of acute danger are more likely to bring about fundamental changes in human institutions and in human attitudes than relatively peaceful times. Even in the limited experience of the United Nations, it has proved true that its most far-reaching innovations, such as the peace- keeping operations, have only come about in times of crisis when all other means of confronting danger had failed. This capacity to improvise in emergencies cannot disguise a very serious shortcoming of the United Nations. Such improvisations, though they have proved effective in a number of situations, are no substitute for a more permanent and reliable system of maintaining international peace and security, a system which functions steadily in good times as well as in bad. Without such a reliable system we shall never achieve that climate of confidence, moderation and reasonable security which many of the aims of the Charter, such as disarmament, require for their attainment. Any consideration of the adaptation of the United Nations to the world of today, or, conversely, of the world of today to the United Nations, should take this primary necessity into account. "'Finally, it would be misleading to look for the sources of the shortcomings -- and there are many --of the United Nations in the machinery of the United Nations alone. There are numerous factors which contribute to these

(more) - h - Press Release SG/SM/3C7 26 May 1965 shortcomings, not the least of which is the reluctance of Governments to use the available United Nations machinery for the purposes for which it was designed and to subscribe whole-heartedly, by actions as well as by words, to the general objectives and ideals of the Charter. I know well that such a practical commitment to the Charter is easier to talk about than to act on. Nonetheless, the Charter is, I believe, the only reliable road to international peace and security which is at present open to the nations of the world. I hope your deliberations here may shed further light upon that road and upon the nature of the obstacles that, at present, stand in the way of those who wish to use it.Jt!

WH"* * A AW.

UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/306 SC/2723 21 May 1965

TEXT OF STATEMflrTI BY SECRETARY GENERAL AT AFTERNOON MEETING OF SEC1TRITY COUNCIL ON 21 MAY

Following is the text of the statement made "by the Secretary-General, U Thant, at the afternoon meeting of the Security Council on 21 May:

"I have received by telex at U:2^ p.m. New York time (3>:2^ p-m. local time) the following message from my Representative, Mr. Mayobre:

"TAccompanied by General Rikhye and Colonel Cavalcanti, I have completed a tour of the no-man's land between the Imbert and Caamano forces. While there have been a few scattered shots fired by both sides, the cease-fire is fully effective. "'The Red Cross succeeded in starting their work early this morning near the fighting zone, and are fully engaged in their humanitarian task. I have been advised by the medical staff of the hospitals I have personally visited that another 2U hours is necessary to evacuate the sick and wounded to less congested hospitals. "'I am proceeding immediately to endeavour to obtain an extension of another 2U hours.'" 684 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Ini'ormation United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE 0? INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/305/Rev.l 21 May 1965

TEXT OF STATrrmr BY SECRETARY-GENERAL MADE IN SECURITY COUNCIL ON 21 MAY

The Secretary-General, U Thant, gave the Security Council the following information "based on an urgent message of his Representative, Jose Antonio Mayobre, sent from the Dominican Republic today, 21 May, at 0950 hours, local time:

"Heavy firing by Inibert forces has been going on. This morning fighting is still confused east of cemetery where pockets of Caamano troops are still offering resistance. Colonel Cavalcanti* has been dispatched to the scene in north part of city to obtain latest information."

* *-#•* •*

Assistant to Major-General I.J. Rikhye, Military Adviser to the Secretary- General. 68; Office <:f Rib Lie ! Information United Nation;;, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECCED)

Press Release SG/T/61 22 May 1965

SECRETARY-GENERAL TO RECEIVE DEGREE FROM QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY IN ABSENTIA

The Secretary-General, U Thant, had been scheduled to proceed today to Ottawa to lunch with Lester B. Pearson, Prime Minister of Canada, and then go to Kingston, Ontario, to receive an honorary degree from Queen's University and also to deliver an address/'The harmonizing functions of the United Nations" (press release SG/SM/30U-SG/T/59). Since the Secretary-General was unable to travel to Canada, in view of the urgent meeting of the Security Council, the University authorities have decided to confer the honorary degree (LL.D.) on the Secretary-General in, absentia. U Thant!s address* will be read on his behalf by the Chancellor of the University.

•# #•*-*• #•

This address, which had been embargoed for U p.m. EDT today, is now released. UNITED I A T I 0 N S Press So -vices Office- of Public Information Uaited Nation, N.Y. (FOR USE OF i:^'oru\ciori MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECOIL)

Press Release SG/T/60 21 Ms/ 196^

SECRET AFiY-GflKSRAL CMCELS TRIP ^TO CANADA

Because of the urgent meeting of the Security Council on the question of the Dominican Republic on Saturday morning, 22 May, the Secretary-General has decided, witn deep regret, to cancel his intended trip to Canada where he was to participate in the Convocation of Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario. Tne text of the address*which the Secretary-General intended to deliver at Kingston has teen released no the Press under embargo until k p.m. EDT on 22 May. Although it will not "be delivered at Kingston, the address may be published after tne embargo as a statement of the Secretary-General.

•*•*•* •*

Press Release SG/SM/30^-SG/T/59. UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.I. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

CAUTION: ADVANCE TEXT Press Release SG/SM/3C& Not for use before \ p.m. EDT SG/T/59 (2000 hours GMT) Saturday, 22 May 21 May 1965

H.-^. r.C^TARY-GBIJEPAT. U T

AT rffJEE.V'S UNIVERSITYr CANADA. ON 22 MAY

Following is the text of a speech given by the Secretary-General, U Thant, on 22 May at Queen's College, Kingston, Ontario, Canada,* and entitled:

'Tn e Harmonizing Functions of the United Rations*

"Midway in this difficult year of 1965, it is a pleasure to meet, here at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, with your Prime Minister, Mr. Lester Pearson. Mr. Pearson has, for 20 years now, somehow managed to combine successfully the roles of elder statesman of the United Nations and active pioneer in international affairs. Some of the United Nations1 most important actions have been inspired by his imagination, leadership an^ initiative. I doubt whether there has been a time in all the last 20 years when we have been so much in need of those qualities as now. "For those of us — and I believe we are a majority -• who believe in the aims and ideals of the United Nations Charter and who are convinced that we must develop now a world order which provides better prospects of peace and justice than we have had before, the present time is a trying one. We see ominous events and precarious situations on every side, but have yet to find a way to deal with them and to make them less hazardous. We are in the position of the bomb disposal team which knows the danger, hears the ticking, and watches with mounting anxiety as others shake and jostle the dangerous explosive. (more)

* The Secretary-General, U Thant, will leave New York on Saturday morning by private Canadian plane for Ottawa, where he will be the guest of Prime Minister Lester Pearson of Canada at a luncheon. Following this, the Secretary-General and the Canadian Prime Minister will proceed together to Kingston, where an honorary degree of Doctor of Law will be conferred on each of them by Queen's University. The Secretary-General will return the same evening to New York. - 2 - Pi-ess Release SG/SM/30^ SG/T/59 21 May 1965

"I feel bound to say that the first five months of this year have witnessed developments which have tended to ii^iermine the position of the United Nations as the primary agency for maintaining international peace and security. For various reasons, the role of the United Nations has "been ignored or avoided in the settlement of some recent disputes, thus causing profcind ur'-jarinesa in the minds of those who maintain that the United Katior.s irpre sects tiie world's "best hope for peace. We are wit. ,2.3sing today, I feel, s ^eflnits reversal of the slow progress the United Nations has made towards world stability and world peace. A further drift in this direction, -if not arrested in time, wl]l mark the close of a chapter of ^rsat ex^peci/ations ••aad. th.3 h2'ro.l-.?.ng cf a new chapter in which the wo:v'ld Organisation will provide mc.rely a debasing forum, and nothing else. "We recognize all too well the tensions, anxieties and conflicting interests which motivate the protagonists in the various explosive situations that exist around the world. We sense their preoccupations and thsir desire not to be inter- fered with or distracted from what they consider to be their necessary courses of action. Nevertheless, there must come a time when the wider considerations of world peace and security must be taken into account and even become dominant. "The States Members of the United Nations, if they are troubled by threats to world peace and security, have a number of possible courses of action available to them through the main organs of the United Nations. It is, of course/ unrealistic to expect the United Nations to take action in all sorts of situations in which it has neither the authority for nor the possibility of effective action. But it is also true that some of the United Nations1 most sincere supporters sometimes voice the fear that abortive attempts by the United Nations to tackle major problems may have an unfavourable effect on the prestige and position of the Organization. I believe that a far greater danger, for the world at large, as well as for the United Nations, is to shy away from a timely and concerted effort to take on those problems of peace and security Which are a primary responsibility of the United Nations under the Charter, for fear of failure. Immediate success in this field is hardly to be expected, but that is no excuse for a failure to make the effort. "As Secretary-General of the United Nations I have the right, which is at the same time a duty, to bring to the Security Council any matter which in my opinion may threaten the maintenance of international peace and security. This right, which must obviously be used with the utmost care and discretion, also

(more) - 5 - Presfi Release SG/SM/30U SG/T/59 21 May 1965

.gives me a deep concern for the whole field of world peace and security. This is at the same time the most difficult and potentially the most important responsibility of the Secretary-General. "This responsibility -- or, for that matter, any initiative by the Secretary-General in matters relating to'peace and security — requires a continuous examination of the practical possibilities of effective action. It demands a constant weighing of the desperate need for maintaining peace, on the one hand, against the very limited actual authority and power of the Secretary-General, on the other. Two simple considerations are inescapable. First> the Secretary-General must always be prepared to take an initiative, no matter what the consequences to him or his office may be, if he sincerely believes that it might mean the difference between peace and war. In such a situation the personal prestige of a Secretary-General1— and even the position of his office-- must be considered to be expendable. The second cardinal consideration must be the maintenance of the Secretary-General's independent position, which alone can give him the freedom to act, without fear or favour, in the interests of world peace. Such an independence does not imply any dis- respect of the wishes or opinions of Member Governments. On the contrary, his independence is an insurance that the Secretary-General will be able to serve the long-term interest in peace of all the Members of the 0 rganization in full accordance with his oath of office. "It is clear that the powers and responsibilities of the Secretary-General must not be frittered or thrown away in useless dramatic gestures. Difficult situations are, in any case, usually more responsive to unremitting hard work and negotiation than to more dramatic approaches. It follows that the powers and possibilities of the Secretary-General must be husbanded so that they can be used to the best possible advantage in the common interest of all nations. I have no intention of using them for any other purpose, nor yet of failing to use them to the full if I believe the situation demands it, "The problems of the Secretary-Generalship, although the office is unique, are similar in many ways to those encountered by all responsible statesmen. I have been moved to mention them today partly by the presence of your Prime Minister, who is known throughout the world for his skill in, and understanding of, international affairs, and partly because I am more fortunate, in one way, than other people io public life, in being able to consider the problems of peace and war from a position which is, and must be by its very nature, (more) - 4 - Press Release SG/SM/30^ SG/T/59 21 May 1965 independent of national considerations. The lec.lers of nations, for all their great power and authority, are of necessity tied in some degree to national interests and feelings. "in the United Nations we have, under the Charter, a function which has still not "been exploited to the full. It is the function outlined in Article of the Charter,iV to "be a centra for harmonizing the actions of nations in the attainment of these common ends'. It calls for patience, hard work and understanding rather than for great gestures or dramatic declarations. In developing this function, we have to accept that leaders, Governments and peoples act as they do because they believe their cause is just and their objectives essential to their well-being. Starting from this assumption, we have to find the points of common"interest at which these apparently conflicting policies and interests can ,be brought together. That we have common interests based on our habitation of the same planet, if on nothing else, I take to be undeniable. From this point we have to proceed by imagination and statesmanship to the point where the energies which now are expended in conflict can be combined to fight against far more basic evils — ignorance, despair, poverty, disease and deprivation — not to mention all the things we can struggle for and aspire to. "When one considers the human condition objectively in our fantastically well-endowed age, the word that most immediately springs to mind is waste — waste of resources, waste of energy, waste of spirit, waste of ingenuity, waste of time and waste of lives. If we are to harmonize our actions -- as in time of war in 19^5 we resolved to do -- we might do well to start by putting an end to this waste of human resources and ingenuity. It will then be only a short step to a far more agreeable task --to the use of our resources and intelligence for the multitude of things which need to be done. The United Nations stands ready to assist its Members in both of these tasks, but to make any progress It requires also the vision and the confidence of the leaders of nations."

**# #

UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Re3ease SG/SM/J03 GYP/272 20 May 1965

TEXT OF L3TTBR FROM NSTH3RLANES TO SECRETARY-GENERAL ON COSTS OF FEACE-KLEPING FORCE IN CYPRUS

Following is the text of a letter, dated 17 Kay, received by the Secretary- General, U Thant, from the Permanent Representative of the Netherlands to the United Nations, J.G. de Beus: "With reference to your letter of 25 March 1965, FI 323/3(l8) addressed to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands, I have the honour to inform you that the Netherlands Government has decided to make a voluntary contribution of $ 105>000 in order to enable you to meet the costs for the fifth three months period of operation of the United Nations Peace Keeping Force in Cyprus."

AIf -\f_-Mn H. IA*T. 68.1 UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/302 20 May 1965

TEXT OF WELCOME ADDRESS BY SSCE^TAgY-GErlEHAL TO CATHOLIC EDITORS

Following is the text of a welcome address by the Secretary-General, U Thant, to a group of Catholic editors, visiting United Nations Headquarters on 20 May 1965:

"I am glad to have the opportunity of welcoming you here at the Headquarters of the United Nations. I have frequently had occasion to emphasize the importance of the mass media in helping the people of the world to assess the vital controversies of our time, and to strengthen co-operation and understanding between countries and peoples of the world. Both your influence and your responsibilities in this complex and troubled world of ours can hardly be over-estimated, and I am, therefore, much pleased that you have chosen to pay this visit to the United Nations. I hope that it will give you a first-hand picture of the position of the Organization, its activities, its difficulties and its possibilities. "I am interested to see that you have singled out 'The role of truth in the pursuit of liberty1 as the theme of your deliberations. In doing so, you have gone, I believe, to the heart of the matter of news, and their influence on both national and international affairs . In a world where the media of information play a vastly important part in forming opinion and in setting the atmosphere of the relations between peoples and nations, you could have hardly picked a more relevant or vital subject. Our best hope for peace in the world is, in the long run, an enlightened and unprejudiced public opinion. That in turn depends to a large extent on an objective and free Press which constantly lives up to its great responsibilities. And an objective and free Press depends largely upon the courage and understanding of its editors and writers. "I hope that your visit here may contribute to your understanding of the United Nations and of what it is trying to do."

V ?v