Monthly and annual totals of RAINFALL 1977 for the United Kingdom it Mima MT* FM \vn in muyifriM *ME* 2«784* sin KRKKE: HUTIK ft71 mtnm ^ FO «t *« «r jw j«. wt SP ocr ».! 8.8 2.3 2.2 1.1. II II I.I '-S' I-1 .4 ! 9.4 4.3 . I.I 1.7 II I I.I 7.2 I «.« 2.) . 1.2 2.1 I I I 1.1 1.1 t 1.3 7.3 . M 2.7 ( I I.I 1.1 t 6.4 3.1 ' . 8.1 2. I I ?.) I * ' ', 9.8 2.2 . 8.1 3. I I 14.1 I . 4 9.9 8.1 . S.J 2. t I I.I I t • ', 2 i 1.7 9.8 . 9.8 9. 2 1 l.t 2 i . 4 4.5 19.8 . 9.2 i, I .1 f.8 | J 9.8 9.5 . 9.4 9. 4 .1 I.I 8 .1 918 , 8.8 l.t 8.! 4. J. .|. |.| | 4 3J '.i 8.4 1.1 7 4 .a 1.1 8 I -.5 9.9 3.7 8.8 8 .! .8 14 .1 '| 1.4 9.8 8.2 8,1 8 .! M 2.7 j g ;.» '.5 S.I 1.8 8 .1 8.* IA > . STEms ' */ *. -* *«* *-, A *-> te.A DATA UKMO Duplicate National Meteorological Library FitzRoy Road, Exeter, Devon. EX1 3PB Cover photograph Now that the rainfall data are stored on discs in the Meteorological Office computer system, Met O 8's Hydrometeorological Enquiries Bureau is able to feed in any location in the UK by national grid reference and ascertain available rainfall data within a prescribed radius, and then to display the data for the chosen station(s) on the visual display unit. The cover photograph shows the first half of one such display (daily data between the 1st and 15th of each month of the year), while the next display would show the second half of the month, the totals and percentages of average, etc. Photograph: Crown copyright Met Office National Meteorological Library & Archive FitzRoy Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 3PB Tel:+44(0)1392 88 4838 Fax: 5681 email: [email protected] www.metoffice.gov.uk DUPLICATE NATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL - 4 MAR 1998 Monthly and annual totals of RAINFALL 1977 for the United Kingdom —•••"•'"•• mi Illl Mill I 3 8078 0002 3832 1 © Crown copyright 1982 Published by the Meteorological Office, London Road, Bracknell, Berkshire RG12 2SZ UDC 551.506.1 (41-4) ISBN 086180 076 1 INTRODUCTION This publication 1. The present publication is the ninth in the new paper-back series which provides the infor­ mation on rainfall over the United Kingdom that was formerly given in Part I of British Rainfall. It gives monthly and annual totals of rainfall and, where available, the rainfall on the wettest day of the year by amount and date(s). Station details 2. The publication includes for each station its 'Rainfall Station Number' (previously known as its 'Hydrometric Station Number'): this is the reference number used by the Meteorological Office to identify the station's rainfall data. 3. The county in which the rain-gauge is located is given by the 'County Number'. The counties in this volume are those which came into existence after the 1974 reorganization of Local Government in England and Wales, and after the 1975 reorganization in Scotland. The new county number, Ccc, comprises C the country and cc the county within the country. In Wales the county of Powys has been divided into two parts, north and south, each given a separate county number: this is to maintain a link with the 'districts' adopted by the Meteorological Office in its Monthly Weather Report. In the London area, all stations within administrative authorities bearing the name 'London Borough of ...' are shown within the county of Greater London. In Scotland the reorganization introduced Regional Council areas but, as the former county names are still largely used, the county numbering system adopted by the Meteorological Office serves the dual purpose of identifying both Regional Council and old county areas, and the three-figure county number may be regarded as being CRc, where C is the country number, R is the Regional Council number and c is the county number within the Region. (Where c is 6 or greater, the old county has been divided between two Regional Councils and the two parts are separately identified.) A complete decode of the system is given on pages x—xi. 4. The location of the rain-gauge sites is given by National Grid Reference to the nearest 100 metres, and the altitude of the rain-gauge site above mean sea level is given to the nearest metre. 5. The name of the rainfall station is that used by the Meteorological Office under rules which require that the primary name should normally appear on the 1-inch Ordnance Survey map and/ or its 1:50 000 metric successor. Where stations exist on islands, the island name is given in capital letters as the first part of the name. Where it is desirable to identify the location beyond the name of the town, village, etc., a supplementary part of the name appears after a comma. In a decreasing number of cases it is desirable to retain the name under which data were published in British Rainfall (prior to 1969): thus there will remain some instances where longer-term station names do not adhere to these rules and the names may not in fact appear on current Ordnance Survey maps. Abbreviations or initials are used only in forms that are readily identi­ fiable, although there are rules applicable to certain standard abbreviations, such as S. Wks = Sewage Works (or Sewage Treatment Works), P. Sta. = Pumping Station, Res. = Reservoir, Met. Office = Meteorological Office (where the term applies only to sites manned by personnel of the Meteorological Office or at Royal Naval Air Stations by personnel of the Directorate of Naval Oceanography and Meteorology). * Where a station name is prefixed by an asterisk, the rain-gauge is set with its rim at ground level, surrounded by a pattern of antisplash grid which is acceptable to the Meteorological Office. tf Where a station name is prefixed by a hatch symbol, the station is located in England although it is shown within the Hydrometric Areas associated with Scottish River Purification Boards; such stations fall within the data areas of the Northumbrian River Authority if in the north­ east and of the North West Water Authority if in the north-west. > Where a station name is prefixed by a 'greater than' sign, the data originated from a rain- gauge of a tipping-bucket type which provides data acceptable to Meteorological Office stand­ ards for data archiving purposes. 6. The average annual rainfall at stations for the latest reference period, 1941—70, is given in as many cases as possible. Estimated averages are not included. The ability to include values for this latest reference period arises solely from the delay in publication of the 1977 data; it is not usually possible to introduce new averages until a few years after the end of the reference period. Thus, values of percentage of annual average now printed will be somewhat different from those published for selected stations at an earlier date (e.g. the Monthly Weather Report for 1977), for which the averages relating to the 1916—50 period were in operational use. Representative figures (Table B) for the monthly and annual rainfall of 1977 in England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man are given as percentages of the longer-period averages (1941—70 ) in Tables C and D. Rivers and streams 7. The publication follows earlier practice in that it endeavours to associate rain-gauges with particular catchments and accordingly names the associated rivers and streams. 8. It is not practicable to identify every stream in the country and some minor features have necessarily been ignored. However, in general, a stream is separately identified if it is more than four miles long and has, or has had, a number of rainfall stations within its catchment. 9. As with station names, a number of subjective decisions have had to be taken. The name of the river or stream not uncommonly changes throughout its course: a stream which enters end leaves a lake may thereby acquire a new name. In general, such rivers are identified by the name in use at the lowest reaches, that at the mouth or that at the confluence with a larger river to which it is a tributary. Water authorities and hydrometric areas 10. The water industry was also reorganized in England and Wales in April 1974 when the many 'River Authorities' were replaced by ten larger regional 'Water Authorities'; similarly, in 1975 there were changes in Scotland resulting in fewer 'River Purification Boards' each covering larger geo­ graphical areas. This volume adopts all these changes. 11. As the administrative structure within Water Authorities does not necessarily follow hydro- logical boundaries, and is in any case subject to revision from time to time, it is not practicable to publish the rainfall data under sub-headings related to (say) Water Authority Divisions. Accord­ ingly, the data are now published within 'Hydrometric Area' groupings and maps showing the relationship between these Hydrometric Areas and the various water authorities across the United Kingdom are included in pages viii and ix. The Hydrometric Area numbers used in this volume are those in use at the date of printing, and are not necessarily those in use in 1977.