~o%he~ top p~osecu%o~ to held me direct the e~e.a of cr~.~nal "~ .... the ~" ~ ~ ~’ %he Po&i~e Co:~d.sszone~s .Bo~z~ he ~d i wan% "~.o play a si~-~ifzc&t~t z’o~.e zn the DECLASSIFIED QD~S~#ZON ~ ~’~hich QU~Sq:~ZO~{~ H~ <;ox~ may Z ask a q~%~stion~ 5 8 ~.~n ’the Whi’te ~o~e? ~¢’hat is the ~o believe DECLASSIFIED a t o ity B~ NARA Date DECLASSIFIED Authority B,~ NARA Date ~’’ "’~’ ~e bei~%~ looked into~ 8 REPRODUCED A’[ ’THENATtONN- ARCHIVES $. DECLASSIFIED I0 g $ him a cot~p~;e of times at DECLASSI~il~6 ........ 1I ..I,4 i5 19 2.2 Q~Z~.~OI~]~ ~ave y~ ,decided to t~<e a loe~t at them2 wi%h %s ~d wil! giv~ t~ what we ask Do yo~ want DECLASSIFIED B~ NAI1A Date i4 8 9 ¸I t4 has had e~te~slve litigation ~8 DECLASSIFIED 8 5 ~8 not° I have give~ ~%o reports QU.~i~$TION~ Hso Co~ have you decided who will a~tualiy appear in CO%Iz’t tO t}:y the cases ~lat may follow indictment? ~ C,OX~ Ohm, It wi!l be~ Z would tt%ink~, a s~st~tial 24 po~si.bility theze wil~ be a n~be~ of case~ d~aw’ing out of DECLASSIFIED Authority B,~ NARA Dote DECLASSIFIED B~ NARA Da~e ¢/~ 19 DECLASSI~II~6 ........ Authority ~0_/9 ~. ~-~" 4 ~ce~ort on staff~ answes a z~<<.~Iber of questio:{%s that have been on secuz:i’%y~, t~y to give some idea as -ho what we are spending the moment ~ .....~"<~ %hen say a few words about Yo~, may ~,eno~ei~ why we a~°e meeti~]~.q hose and the answer ~ simply that we do not have et our new offices a ~oom bja~ ~ _ ~or even a iz.mited~sised co~k:e:rence as yet aD.d this was ;~ Authority B~ NARA Date new DECLASSIFIED .............. B~_~ NARA Date ~ 0 0 4 DECLASSIFIED ~utao~-it~ 5 4 7 $ " ,,~ Authority 6 Zn ge~eral~,.,i would ..... e~,~p~.ct, that we wo~ld be able to DECLASSI~i~ ........ 7 9 ’!.4 17 18 DECLASSIFIED Authority DECLASSIFIED 9 I de ~:~ot~ thiD3~< X fL%~ished .... QU~STiO~ 2~©~ more ~ut t~;~e ~l:isberg~, pa:~ic~l,~:ly~ QUEST:{OH~ ~fe!l~ what more might yo’~i~ do with the E!!sbe~g DECLASSI~il~i~ ....... Authority ~~---- f t i4 9 ~7 I I DECLASSIFIED Authority DECLASSI~- ....... Authority ~~:~___ ~6 DECLASSI~il~ ........ DECLASSIFIED ~9 DECLASSIFIED ~tuo~ity 2 7 8 ~0 I)ECLASSIHEI) 22. DECLASSIFIED DECLASSIFIED DECLASSIFIED umo~-iw ~o/a ~.~_ FOR RELEASE ONLY BY THE SENATE SUBCO~R~ITTEE ON ~PPROPRIATIONS THE WATERGATE SPECIAL PROSECUTION FORCE STATEI,~NT OF ARCHIBALD COX SPECIAL PROSECUTOR BEFORE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE DEPARTmeNT OF JUSTICE I am Archibald Cox, Watergate Special Prosecutor. I am here to provide information concerning a budget request for 90 positions and $2,800,000 for the Watergate Special Prosecution Force for fiscal year 1974. I was. appointed Special Prosecutor on May 25, 1973, by the Attorney General to operate within the Department of Justice with full authority for investigating and prosecuting certain offenses against the United States. Under the terms of reference the Watergate Special Prosecutor has full authority for investigating and prosecuting offenses against the United States arising out of the unauthorized entry into Democratic National Committee~leadquarters at the Watergate, all o£fenses arising out of the 1972 Presidential Election for which the Special Prosecutor deems it necessary and appropriate to assume responsibility, allegations involving the President, members of the ~hite House staff, or Presidential appointees, and any other matters which he consents to have assigned to him by the Attorney General. DECLASSI~.i,~~ ...... Autho,-it B~)_ NARA Date ~ The work of the Watergate Special Prosecution Force is a task of the highest national priority. The effort must be organized and conducted with adequate support in order for the Special Prosecutor to fulfill his responsibilities and duties. The Watergate Special Prosecution Force will use all available investigative and legal tool~ at its disposalto achieve its.goals. It will further solicit from time to time assistance from departments of goverrmnent to give added expertise. Pursuant to its terms of reference, the W~tergate Special Prosecution Force has authority for" -- conducting proceedings before grand juries and any other investigations he deems necessary; -- reviewing all documentary evidence available from any source, as to which he shall have full access; -- determining whether or not to contest the assertion of "Executive Privilege" or any other testimonial privilege; -- determining whether or not application should be made to any Federal court for a grant of immunity to any witness, consistently with applicable statutory requirements, or for warrants, ~ubpoenas, or other court orders; -- deciding whether or not to prosecute any individual, firm, corporation or group of individuals; -- initiating and conducting prosecutions, framing indictments, filing information,., and handling al! aspects of any cases within his jurisdiction (whether initiated before or after his assumption of duties), including-g~y appeals; -2- DECLASSIFIED -- coordinating and directing the activities of all Dapartment of Justice personnel, including United States Attorneys; -- dealing with and appearing before Congressional committees having jurisdiction over any aspect of the above matters and detelmining what documents, informa- tion, and assistance shall be provided to such committees. In addition to the foregoing responsibilities, the Special Prosecutor is authorized to submit interim reports and a final r~port "to appropriate persons or entities of the Congress." It is too early for me to report on the progress of any work except to note that we are assembling what I believe is an outstanding staff and are deep into the investigation. ’ l~his concludes my statement. I would be pleased to answer any questions you may have at this time. -3- Nieman Foundation About the Foundation: History "To promote and elevate the standards of journalism in the United States and educate persons deemed especially qualified for journalism." That was how Agnes Wahl Nieman, a Yale alumnus, defined the purpose of the Nieman Foundation. The program was established at Harvard in 1937 in her bequest in memory of her husband, Lucius W. Nieman, founder of The Milwaukee Journal. At first, Harvard President James B. Conant had his doubts about the idea. Given the impact of the Great Depression in the 1930s, Conant was rather skeptical about her notion. "The last thing I should have thought of asking Santa Claus to bring," he wrote, "was an endowment to ’promote and elevate’ journalism standards." As Conant thought about the idea and discussed it with publishers, editors and professors, he pursued many avenues. Eventually he rejected the idea of a school of journalism, along with other possibilities, in favor of endowed fellowships. "Why not," he mused, "offer newspaper reporters the opportunity to take the better part of a year off and participate in the intellectual life of the university?" With some reservations, Conant cautiously proposed his plan to the Harvard Corporation. At a meeting in his home, some representatives of Boston newspapers warned him that the plan would probably fail. But when 309 applications were received for the first year’s fellowships, and ten men were selected, it began to look as if the Nieman program might have a future after all. Poet Archibald MacLeish became the first of the seven curators to head the foundation. Agnes Wahl Nieman’s generous gift of $1 million to Harvard in 1937 was accompanied by an idea that was more eloquent and visionary than anyone at the university could have recognized. Her directive to "... promote and elevate the standards of journalism and educate persons deemed especially qualified for journalism" ultimately gave virtue to the concept of continuing education for working journalists. But in 1937, in the depths of the Great Depression when $1 million was an extraordinary sum to be given to a university and when newspaper work was done mostly by men who had not attended college, Mrs. Nieman’s bequest was received with a deep sense of uncertainty. After consultation with many at the university and many throughout the newspaper business, Harvard President James Bryant Conant committed the income from the Nieman gift to funding a sabbatical fellowship program for experienced journalists. He was uncertain that newspapermen could benefit from intellectual enrichment at a great university, and as he announced the Nieman Fellowship program in early 1938, he allowed as how it was "a very dubious experiment." Enrich and Elevate Agnes Wahl Nieman’s mandate continues as a living idea that has been nurtured over the years by curators and fellows who have sought to enrich the education of journalists and elevate the standards of our craft. Today the Nieman Fellowships are the oldest and best- known mid-career program for journalists in the world. The Nieman Foundation has been a model for similar programs at universities and centers here and abroad. More than 1,000 journalists from the U.S. and 72 other countries have come to Harvard for a year of learning, exploration and fellowship. In the early years of the Nieman program, the spirit of Mrs. Nieman’s idea was carried forward largely by the fellows. The sum of their Nieman experiences -- in Harvard classrooms, in Nieman seminars and in the close friendships that emerge during the Nieman year -- helped elevate the standards of journalism through the excellence of their work upon returning to their own newsrooms. The Nieman Foundation began to expand its role as a voice for journalism with the creation of Nieman Reports in 1947.