Price The Mal)aztne of the Hour 25 cent~ JULY, 1923

IN THIS NUMBER

The Grimes Inverse Duplex System By Frank D. Pearne

How to Read and Follow Symbols

Hook-ups and Pick-ups By Our Readers

Complete Corrected List of Broadcasting Stations

Many Good Circuits!

ROAD CASTERS' LEAGUE R,einartz Radio How to make this distance wrecker. How to amplify it. How to make a Reinartz panel. With Hook-ups

Written and Illustrated by FRANK D. PEARNE Chief Instructor in electricity at Lane Technical High School, Chicago, and famous writer on radio construction and operation.

Experts agree this Reinartz Hook-up is best for average fan. Hook-up for the Long Distance Crys­ tal Set-They are all trying it.

Get this book 01 the 1922-23 Season

Published by RADIO AGE, Inc. 500 N. Dearborn Street CHICAGO

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" I RADIO AGE Radio "Pirates" The Magazine of the Hour HIS magazine, from the first, T has insisted that no publication, individual or corporation that favors Volume! JULY, 19iJ3 Number 6 turning rad'io merchandise, radio man­ ufacturing and radio broadcasting over to a monopoly can by any perversion of logic be called a friend of radio. CONTENTS There should be no monopoly in Page tubes, sets or broadcasting stations. There should be no special privileges. The Grimes Inverse Duplex System ...... 2-3-4 There should be nO patience with By FRANK D. PEARNE efforts to establish monopoly through Hook-ups and How to Read Them ...... 5-6-7 incessant patent suits against the By FELIX ANDERSON 'weaker fellows. Proper Antenna for Tuning ...... 8 Radio belongs to the millions and By F. CONRAD not to a few big corporations. It The Passing of an Old Friend ...... 9 cannot be cornered like wheat or By LLOYD JACQUET Stutz stock. I t cannot be man­ handled by Congress. I t cannot be WJAZ, A Station with a Difference ...... ll made a football of politics. Thought Waves from the Editorial Tower ...... 12 If there be any reader who doubts Li ttle Things that Help ...... 14 the truth of the foregoing statements (Illustrated) let him observe what has transpired In England, where the government The Trouble-Shooter ...... _ ...... 15-16-17-18 turned radio over to a monopoly (Illustrated Questions and Answers) and attempted to prevent by law the Pick-up Records from our Readers ...... 19 operation of receiving sets, unless a (Illustrated) license was paid. Two hundred thousand English "pirates" are laugh­ Complete Correct List of U. S. and Canadian Broad- casting Stations ...... _...... 29-30-31-32 Ing at the government today a nd going right along listening in without licenses. The British government is up a stump. The English monopolists have dis­ covered, what we have contended RADIO AGE is published monthly by was self-evident from the beginning: RADIO AGE, INC. Radio IS the public. I ts regulation will be governed by the public. The Publication office, Mount Morris, IiI. American Society of Composers, • Editorial and Advertising Offices, Boyce Building, Authors and Publishers attempted 500 N. Dearborn St., Chicago to prevent the broadcasting of copy­ right music without the payment of FREDERICK SMITH, Editor a tax to the Society. 'Ne know of no FRANK D. PEARNE, Technical Editor broadcasting station that IS payIng M. B. SMITH, Business Manager -J OHN DOLL, Circulation Director such a tax. If you wish to hear copy­ righted music tune in on almost any Western Advertising Representatives: BRUNS & WEBBER station in the country. The Society First National Bank Building, Chicago. does not appear to be doing so well. By the time the monoploy-seekers Advertising Forms Close on 5th of the Month have hog-tied radio, birds will have Preceding Date of Issue. stopped SInglllg and sunshine will Issued monthly. Vol. 2, No.6. SUbscription price $2.50 a year' be sold to the consumer at so much Entered as second·c1ass matter Septt!mber 15. 1922, at the post office at Mount Morris, Illinois, under the Act of March 3, 1879. per cubic yard. - THE EDITOR.

Copyright, 1923. by RADIO AGE, Inc. t-:I r------~

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© 1923 R4/)/OA<;Ei :W,

Drawing of the layout and wiring of the Grimes Inverse Duplex Circuit. The arrowS on the radio frequency transformers indicate the two binding posts - terminating the beginning and ends of the transformer coils. RADIO ./lGE Of tfte Hour " PUBLISHED 'MONTHLY

The Grillles Inverse Duplex Systelll By FRANK D. PEARNE

ERHAPS no circuit, since the ·of transformers and different con­ will be as short as possible. Every P days of the Armstrong super­ denser values, .so that some of the inch that can be cut off the wires regenerative system, has attracted difficulties experienced by them will connecting the different parts will so much attention as the Grimes not have to be overcome by our greatly add to the efficiency. Inverse Duplex. The name, "In­ readers. The reason for this is the fact verse Duplex," applied to this new The "Inverse Duplex" when prop­ that these wires and parts are all arrangement by the inventor, Mr. erly constructed will have a won­ carrying high frequency currents David H. Grimes, has a rather fore­ derful range when used with a small and if the wires are long, or run too boding sound to the timid amateur, loop aerial. Distances of 2,000 miles close together, they are very apt but, nevertheless, it has looked in­ have been covered with a three­ to affect each other on account of viting enough to engage the atten­ foot loop aerial, according to reports their capacity. tion of thousands .of enthusiastic r.eceived, but unless the greatest All parts such as transformers, fans all over the United States, and care and patience are exercised sockets, condensers, etc., must be the different reports received are in­ in its construction, it will be found mounted on a bakelite or hard rub­ deed interesting. quite difficult to control. ber base. This may sound peculiar This circuit is nothing more or less Figure 1 is an isometric drawing to the fan, but any slight leakage than a combination of radio fre­ of the rear of the panel and base. between the parts will give no end quency, detector, and audio fre­ In order that the circuit and parts of trouble, and it has been found quency amplification cleverly ar­ may be easily traced these parts that a wooden base contains enough ranged, so that each tube used will are shown spread out over con­ moisture to cause considerable leak­ do the work of two. In other words, siderable space, but in practice age. The fixed condensers shown the tubes amplify at both radio and they must be mounted close to­ should be mounted directly on the audio frequency simultaneously gether so that all connecting wires transformer terminals if possible. without overloading them. The greatest difficulty experienced in the ordinary reflex circuit is caused by some of the tubes doing more than their share of the work, and the others not being worked to their full capacity. Mr. Grimes has so arranged his circuit that the work is more evenly divided among the tubes, each carrying about the same load, those carrying the heaviest audio frequency load where the lightest radio frequency currents are passing. In the beginning I will say that this is no circuit for the really green amateur to attempt to master. Any radio frequency circuits, and es­ pecially those of a reflex circuit, are complicated, to say the least, and it will require much patience and ex­ perimen ting before the set can be pronounced perfect. In the descri p­ -----_..... '.!I!I!I!I!.!.!I + _ !'!I!"III!I!'!III!I~+-~ /6-~ I/P/.r,:, 6o-SOI"O.L7"J @'!U3 RADIo AGG ·AVe tion given in this article I have tried L.-______...... I> q '" to give the prospective builder the . Figure 3. Circuit diagram showing the radio frequency component of the Grimes benefit of much experimenting circuit in lighter lines, with the heavier lines representing the addition of the audio fre­ and experience of those who have quency. The numbers refer to the connections for use when the radio f requency part is worked it out with different types connected up as provided for in the text. 4 RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR"

One of the greatest- troubles experi­ enced in radio frequency or reflex work is the tendency of the tubes to oscillate and howl. Even though radio frequency transformers are very carefully de­ signed and constructed, they can­ not be made to give the same results on one type of tube that they will give on another, consequently a par­ ticular tube must be decided upon, 400 0#"'1 and the particular radio frequency POT£N7/0/V1crER. transformer which works best with it, should be used. The Acme trans­

formers were used in the set de­ StM;/.€ C'1RC'W7 @ scribed when UV-201A amplifying clACk tubes were used in combination Q with a UV-200 detector. This C0111- p bination has been found to work AFT AFT 4-/ best, while with other types of 4--1 tubes, other makes of transformers '-----1_ /'/'/'/I/IIII=-"1-~--'"- /11 111111111/1 1- seem to give better results. This /6-2212 I'bLT.5 60 70 Po ~73' does not mean that this particular type of transformer is better than the others, but merely that this ar­ Figure 2. The finished hookup of the Crimes Circuit. rangement gives a happy combina­ tion which works very well. 200 detector tube in the last socket currents pass through. This merely In order that the construction (to the right of drawing) and a UV- means that the two connections on may proceed step by step, and a 201A in each of the other sockets. either the primary or secondary check up of the conditions may be This is now an ordinary radio fre­ coils may have to be reversed, but made as the work advances, the quency circuit, composed of two they must not be changed from one radio frequency part of the circuit steps of radio frequency and a de­ coil to another. should first be connected up and tector. This should now be tried The principal requirement in the tested. When this part of the cir­ out and if signals come in well, it building of this set is plenty of time cuit is wired up and found to work, may be assumed that this much of and patience. Much howling and then the audio freq uency part may the circuit is O. K. squealing will be encountered un­ be added, but it would be useless to Before making this test, or in til one learns just how to adjust the add the audio frequency until this fact, before connecting up the "B" set. This can usually be remedied part is found to function properly. battery, each of the .001 fixed con­ by turning down the rheostats on To aid the builder in this test, densers should be tested with a the amplifying tubes, but one wiII Figure 3 is shown. It will be noticed buzzer to prove that they are not soon learn just how to take care of that the arrangement for making short circuited. If no buzz is ob­ this. each tube do the same amount of tained then they are all right and All connections must be soldered work makes a circuit somewhat dif­ the "B" battery may be connected. carefully, a~d if paste is used as a ferent from an ordinary radio fre­ The condenser which is connected flux, it should be wiped off with a quency circuit. The upper part of across the terminals No.4 and No. little alcohol after soldering. Most Figure 3 (shown in light lines) rep­ 5 wiII give a buzz when tested, as any kind of a loop wiII work well resents the radio frequency com­ this is shorted by the connection with the set, but to get the best re­ ponent of the circuit. In order that between these terminals, but all the sults a loop 16 to 18 inches aCrOss it may be tested as straight radio others must test clear, or the fila­ each side is recommended. This frequency first, we must temporarily ments will be burned out by the should be wound with from 8 to 12 forget about the lower part of the B battery current getting through turns of wire, spaced about U of an drawing (shown in heavy lines) them. inch apart. Either solid or stranded and make temporary connections After testing the radio frequency wire may be used. No. 18 wire is as follows: No.9 to No.1, No.2 to circuit and it is found to function, very good, but single strand lamp negative "B" battery, No. 3 and then the temporary connections are cord affords a much more flexible No.6 to the 80 volt positive terminal all disconnected and the audio fre­ winding. The exact number of of the "B" battery, and No. 4 to quency component is added. This turns must be found by experiment, No.5. No.7 is connected directly is plainly shown in Figure 2, which but the number will be somewhere to the 22U volt terminal (positive) is a duplicate of Figure 3 with the between 8 and 12. Of course the of the B battery, and the phones are exception of the numbering system smaller the loop, the less energy it placed between No. 7 and No.8. used for the temporary connections. will pick up, but results have been These numbers are shown in the In connecting up the radio frequency obtained even on a 4 inch coil, such circles in the center of Figure 3. transformers, the terminal marked as is used for the primary winding Remember that during this test, "P" should go to the plate terminal of a variocoupler. these numbers simply represent the on the socket, and the terminal terminals of the wires from the radio marked "Gil must be connected to frequency component and that none the grid of the next socket as shown. Send $1 to Radio Age, 500 of the wires represented by the However the proper connections to North Dearborn Street, Chicago, heavy lines has as yet been put into the audio frequency transformers and receive this leading hook-up the set. When the connections have may require some experimenting guide for six months. Regular been made as described, place a UV- as to the direction in which these subscription price, $2.00 a year. RADIO AGE-tiTHE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR'_' ______5 Hookups and HoW" to Read Them. By Felix Anderson Radio 9 D Q S HERE is probably no more underlying lines a sort of cross sec­ disconcerting incident in the tion of the underlying soil. T career of an embryo BCL A counterpoise system is next than the fact that with his initiation : . symbolized. T he counterpoise, al­ into the radio game he is expected : . though heretofore exclusively used to be able to understand a great • 1 . for transmitting purposes, is rap­ many symbols, signs and diagrams. .';. : . idly gaining in favor with fans who Usually, when he casually asks for find that t he ground connections information on the construction and (;-~ they are accustomed to use are inef­ wiring of a set, he is presented with a t ;-~--'\ ficient and are poor conductors. It circuit diagram, more commonly is merely another antenna system, dubbed "hookup," which to him is a similar to the one used as the recep­ meaningless lot of symbols and signs tor, connected to the set in lieu of on a piece of paper, which may be the ground. about as clear as a lot of Egyptian The symbol of the loop a ntenna is heiroglyphics would be to the aver­ next shown. Connections are made age enthusiast who has become fa­ to the free ends of t he wires as in­ miliar with the reading and execu­ dicated in the ill ustrat ion. tion of the circuit diagrams. Referring to the illustration of the No doubt there would be less con­ two-slide tuning coil , it is easily fusion and trouble in hooking up explained that a coil of wire us usu­ sets, if working drawings were used ally indicated in a diagram by the to portray different circuits. Each use of a series of loops in a contin­ set is usually hooked up in an in­ uous string. This coil is also called dividual manner , and should error an inductance. T he two arrows in­ occur, there is a great deal of time dicate that there are two sliding or and trouble expended in locating the similar arrangements, which pro­ error or incorrect connection. vide a means for increasing or de­ A radio expert will very seldom creasing the number of t urns used evince much interest in the set you in the circuit. T his variation can are using, if you show him a photo­ be accomplished either by the use graph of the layout and ask him to of sliders or taps. Sometimes a point out your error ; but show him a tapped inductance is indicated as concise diagram of the circuit, as you in the symbol for t he tapped coil. have connected it, using the correct T he type of circuit, and t he design symbols, and you will immediately of the set govern t he use of either notice a change in his attitude, and taps or sliders. also the ease and quickness wit h Connections of wires and instru­ which he detects faulty construc­ ments are usuall y indicated by a dot, tion. The advantages of using a and the non-connection where lines system of signs and symbols for cross each other in a circuit diagram portraying our ideas in connecting is indicated by a small hump, in­ up sets and showing various circuits ferring that the wire is jumped and is readily seen. not joined. Binding posts where With the idea of admitting the designated are indicated by a small newcomer into the mysteries of t he circle. radio pastime, the writer has com­ Batteries, of all voltages and piled a chart of symbols which are types, are usuall y shown by t he use used commonly in the course of con­ of a long light line, followed by a struction, correction and design of shorter, heavier line, running im­ present day radio systems. It is mediately parallel to each other. hoped that the reader will look over The long line should be marked plus them, and should the occasion arise, or positive, while the shorter, heav­ make use of them in his queries and Lofty tower of the famous Station WJZ in its new home on Forty-second ier line is tenned the minus or neg­ suggestions. str eet, New York, between Fifth and ative. Starting in the upper left-hand Sixth Avenue. (U&U Foto). A choke coil, commonly used by corner of the page of symbols, the the average enthusiast, is designated conventional symbol for t he antenna represented by a heavy bar, with by a series of parallel lines, en­ is shown. The symbol does not several lighter lines underlying. circled by a series of lines indicating limit the size, type or kind of anten­ Each symbol seems to suggest its the wire, the parallel lines showing na in the least; it is merely used to own interpretation, much as does that a core of soft iron was used, designate that a n antenna is used Indian writing. In t he case of the around which the wire is wound. in a circuit, and its relation to other ground, t he ground symbol pic­ . The variocoupler or loose coupler parts of the radio system. T he tured gives the impression of the is probably one of the most widely same applies to the ground, which is black bar being the top soil and the used and most popular forms of tun- 6 RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR"

ing systems now in use. Its pres­ coils. Connections on these trans­ nals audible, due to the fact that ence in a circuit is shown by the sym­ formers are usually marked G for by its adjustment in relation to the bol consisting of two spiral lines par­ grid, P for plate, B or plus (+) for rest of the circuit, a delicate bal­ al1el to each other, the one in this the B battery, and F or minus (-) ance can be effected. case to the right being the primary for the negative filament. The lines connecting the various and the other the secondary. In the J acks are indicated as shown, A symbols indicate the method used il1ustration provision is made for being a two-circuit jack, while B in wiring up the apparatus. The two methods of varying t he amount is a single-circuit jack. They are circuit diagram does not mean the of wire in use, the proper connections used to plug in the headsets on de­ apparatus must be arranged; it for this being shown under vario­ tector, and first stages of multistage merely shows how these several coupler connections. If a coupler is amplifiers, and are also used to instruments should be electrically used having more than seven taps, change from phones to loud speaker. joined. it is customary to provide two sets The plug when inserted- to the jack It is hoped that many of our of switch taps, connecting them as pushes up the two springs, permit­ BCL (broadcast listener) friends shown. However, if there are only ting the current to flow through the may benefit by this chart, and may seven or less taps on the outer coil, phones only, and opening the cir­ be more intelligently enabled to read they are connected by using only cuit for the remaining instruments. and study diagrams as they appear one switch, and taking the beginning The tube, its socket and its vari­ in the course of their radio expe­ wire, or top wire, and connecting it ous circuits are next shown, in order riences. to the antenna, the rest going to that the reader may become fa­ switch-points, and the switch going miliar with its terms. G means the to the ground. zigzag wire inside of the tube, F and Automatic Transmis­ A variometer consists of two coils F the filament from where the elec­ sion and Reception of wire connected in series as shown trons, the secret of the vacuum tube, During the last ten years, commercial and is indicated in the circuit by a are emitted, and P the plate. companies developed automatic printing similar sign. Honeycomb coils be­ I t should be remembered that telegraph equipment for the transmis­ ing nothing more than a coil of wire, nearly always a positive charge is sion overland wires of typewl itten or inductance, are indicated -by the sustained on the plate of the tube, characters from one point to another. usual sign for an inductance as in B. as this is the base of its operation. The present means of copying signals For the benefit of those who are with the tape requires the employment Sometimes they are shown in cir­ of two or three extra men for translating cuits by the symbol A. not familiar with radio terms, an purposes. Due to the reduction in Resistances in circuits are prac­ oscillatory circuit is shown, which operating personnel in the Naval Ser­ tical1y always indicated by a jagged consists of a condenser and induct­ vice, it became imperative to devise line, showing that that particular ance in series. There is also always means to operate stations with reduced instrument is noninductive: i. e., present another unit in this circuit, personnel. Experiments conducted in does not transfer any energy to an­ resistance, which may be in the con­ 1922 prove conclusively that automatic other part of the circuit by the in­ necting wires, in the condenser or in printing equipment could be applied to duction phenomena. the inductance. radio as well as to land wire. So- much faith was placed in this new method of A smal1, blunt-headed arrow, and Practically, the entire radio game transmission and reception that auto­ sometimes a thin, curled line, is is governed by the use of the so­ matic recording telegraph equipment used to portray the crystal detector, called hookup, and an example is has been installed in Naval high power as shown in the chart. Meters, shown at the bottom of the chart. circuits at San Diego, and Washington. whether volt, galvanometer, am­ D ue to the particular arrangement meter or milliameters, are indicated of the apparatus, this circuit is by a circle, as shown. The lines on called the Armstrong regenerative Ireland Gets WGY either side indicate the connecting circu~t, deriving its name from its That members of the Irish Constabu­ wires. inventor, Major Armstrong. Be­ lary are~not always engaged in offensive The grid leak, as shown, is a form cause it ha.s three permutations for or defensive operations with the Revolu­ tionists is indicated by a letter recently of resistance, a very high one, in­ tuning, it is sometimes called the received by WGY, the Schenectady deed, and its unit of measure is three-circuit tuner. station of the General Electric Company, usually called a Megohm. This Referring to the diagram, we no­ from Harold Johnston Special Constable term means one million ohms. Its tice that the antenna is connected 11 038, Ulster Special Constabulary of construction is described elsewhere to the primary or outer coil of the Barons-Court County T yrons. in this issue. varicoupler through the switch and Constable Johnston wrote that he Condensers, one of the most im­ the taps, and also to the ground by picked up WGY, February 24. "Your portant instruments in radio, are another set of similar taps. It is music was very loud and exceedingly indicated by two heavy parallel through this coil the received im­ clear," wrote Mr. Johnston, "especially the Radio Quartet a nd last of all the bells lines as shown. An arrow drawn pulses travel, and in the course of could be heard with phones one foot from through its center conveys the idea their travel are transferred to the ears. We~are using a five valve receiver." that it is variable. Audio frequency secondary by induction. The set condensers are indicated somewhat is tuned to their frequency by means differently. A condenser, it is un­ of the variocoupler, and still further Invalids Like It derstood, consists of two paral1el tuned by the use of the variometer as A letter signed "Patients of the Ver­ conducting mediums, separated by a shown, in the "grid" circuit. Pass­ mont Sanatorium," was recently received dielectric substance. The insulating ing through the grid condenser, they by WGY, acknowledging the pleasure material may be air, glass, mica or are impressed on the grid of the tube, a nd entertainment they get from the and produce a change in the plate radio programs. The patients, sixty oil. in number, are suffering from incipient Transformers, being inductances, voltage: the variation, being general, tuberculosis and most of them depend are indicated by the conventional is detected in the telephone receivers upon WGY for the Sunday religious ser­ symbol. In this case the radio fre­ placed in the plate circuit. A vari­ vices. They wrote t hat they get the 7 :45 quency transformer, having no iron ometer placed in the plate circuit, p. m. concert but have to be tucked into core, has no lines separating the enables us to make very weak sig- bed at 8:30. RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" 7

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(J.(!OUNIJ _8 ______R_A_D_IO_A_GE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" Proper Antenna for Tuning By F. CONRAD Assistant Chief Engineer, Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company H E ability to hear a desired sistance in the receiving set to this However, as the same resistance will T station alone, Or "selectivity" desired wave, would have to be de­ be maintained by this receiver as it is called, depends in part on the creased as the antenna heilrht is de- against undesired waves the reduc­ receiving apparatus and in part on creased. c. tion of height will therefore give a the antenna system to which it is Experiments have shown that greater selectivity. Of course, in connected. Many believe that the when the antenna height is increased general practice it usually will not better the antenna, the better the and a receiver, such as a' crystal­ be possible to obtain quite the same signals. This is true, but it does detector set or a tube set not using strength of signal with the low as not necessarily mean that the best regeneration, is used, the signal at \vith the high antenna, as there is a antenna is the largest. The func­ first increases but soon reaches a certain amount of absorption or loss tion of the antenna is to transfer to maximum strength, which can not near the ground which tends to re­ the receiving apparatus the electric be exceeded by further increase of duce the possible signal strength. forces which are set up by the waves antenna height. This height is such Should the location be such that being trans­ the antenna is mitted through perfectly clear space. This re­ and free from c e i v i n gap pa­ surrounding ob­ ratus must dis­ jects, the low criminate be­ one will be t ween the elec­ found to be tric forces due practically eq ual to the r a d i a to the high one, wave it is de­ when a regen­ sired to receive, . erative receiver and the forces is used. But due to the un­ should the an­ desired waves, tenna be located among which where it is con­ are the waves siderably shield­ from "Dame ed, as where it Nat u re" her­ is surrounded by self, or "static" high build­ as they are ings, it is possi­ called. ble that the sig­ The selecti ve nal s t r eng t h rece]ver ]s one will be greatly that offers a influenced by high resistancE' height. In this 10 the flow of latter condition, curren t which it will probably would be set up be necessary to make up for the by the electric This fan, snapped in his garden in Sheffield, England, uses two tin pails forces from un­ as aerial and counterpoise. He easily picks up London and Manchester. poor selectivity desired waves, (U&U Foto). of the high an- and offers a low tenna by using resistance path for the flow of that the electric forces set up by the a somewhat elaborate receiving ap­ current due to the electric forces incoming wave is sufficient to drive paratus. Under the conditions sur­ from the waves it is desired to through the receiving apparatus the rounding the average residence dis­ receive. In other words, it permits full current strength which is equiv­ trict, it usually is possible, with you to hear the stations you wish alent to the received signals. To care ill the location of the antenna, to hear, and to tune out those express it in another way, this max­ to maintain good signals, even you do not wish to hear. imum current is that which would though t he height is considerably The receptive ability of an anten­ itself set up the same strength of less than with the scheme gen­ na is, in general, determined by the radio wave around the receiving an­ erally employed of attaching the height of its horizontal portion tenna as is induced by the transmit­ horizontal wire to some point near above the ground, or, stated dif­ ting antenna sending out the signals or on the roof of a two-story house. ferently, the strength of the electric it is desired to hear. The actual selectivity required di­ forces induced in an antenna by the A vacuum-tube receiving set, in vides itself into t\VO classes or con­ radio \vaves is proportional to the which the principle of regeneration ditions of service; 011e in which it is height of this antenna. Therefore, is employed, tends to reduce the desired to discriminate between two to tune out or discriminate between resistance to the flow of current from relatively nearby stations of ap­ different waves, the selectivity or a wave corresponding to that for proximately equal signal strength resisting power of the receiver to in­ \vhich it is tUlled. Therefore, if a but separated by some interval of terfering waves would have to be regenerative receiver is used, it will wave length, the other where it is increased as the antenna height is in­ be found possible to maintain the desired to discriminate against a creased, ,,-hile to receive an equal maximum strength of signal, even nearby station and receive from a signal from a desired wave, the re- with a reduced antenna height. (Continued on page 23.) RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" 9 The Passing of an Old 'Friend "w. J. Z. Signing off-Good Night" By FLOYD JACQUET

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OU heard the fa miliar voice of the vVJ Z's sterling record was not a matter Y a nnouncer s ..y : "This is Sta tion I of luck. It required superhuma n eff ort WJZ", as you have heard it ma ny, many at times to uphold its past performa nce, t imes before. a nd untiring efforts to provide the largest You may have det ect ed a slight tremb­ a udience of a ny station with a peerless ling, an undercurrent of emotion in t he progra m. usuall y calm a nd even voice of AH N W ho were the men behind the scenes when he made this sta t ement for t he l at WJZ, the personalities whose work last time a t the conclusion of the broad­ went on, un known to the a udience, a nd cast on Monday evening, May 14th. who la bored to ma ke WJZ the better "Wha t" you said, "is WJ Z, the first station at a ll times? st ation I heard , going to close down ? When it was decided in October 1921 A r~ n ' t we going ,~o hear ou r old friend's to place vVJZ in opera tion, there was no vOice any more? organization, no sta ff, no a nnouncers, no The fact tha t the original WJ Z, the one artists. There was only a sta tion, on whose voice endeared itself t o thousands top of the large plant of the Westing­ of radio enthusiasts throughout the house E lectric a nd Manufacturing Com­ country, on t hat night spoke for the last pany, in Newark, N . J. As you go time t o its countless friends, North, by on the Lackawa nna Railroad, you South, E ast a nd West in many lands. can see the two high mast s, supporting It was a simple event, this farewell of t he a ntenna system. The first WJ Z the old WJ Z. T here was no impressive ! aerial was not as high, nor as pretentious. ceremony, no occasion for speech ma k­ Neit her was the station itself, locat ed in ing. WJZ passed out of t he broadcast­ a radio room specially built o n t he roof. ing firma ment as simply as it entered it, A radio staff was developed under t he q uickly, a nd with dignity. master'" !la nd of H. E . Miller, Superin­ There were radio fans who swore by The leading charact ers in WJZ's tendent of the Westinghouse Newark WJZ. It was the first st ation that ma ny history: (1) C. W. Horn who m ade Works. Mr. Mill er picked out from of us ever heard, our ABC in radio the first broa dca st from WJZ a t a mong the radio personnel of the Com­ broadcasting. Newark; (2) H. E. Miller who d evel ­ pany, men who knew their jobs.'VEm­ WJZ led the fi eld for one a nd a ha lf oped WJZ's staff; (3) George Bliziotis ployees were t est ed out to find men"wit h years. This is a long period for a broad­ chief operator; and (4) Willia m H . s uitable radio voices to be t ra ined as easting sta tion, a nd in that period ma ny Easton, director of WJZ, wh o d eliv­ a nnouncers. T he entire radio personnel stations have been built and operated. ered the farewell a ddress. was \iVestinghouse, a nd went to work When WJZ began its first fa mous broad­ in t he typical Westinghouse pioneer way. cast on October 12, 1921, t here were Day in a nd day out, fait hfully, WJ Z's I n the first days of broadcasting, the only three or four stations broadcasting kindly voice was at the beck a nd call of operation of the station was rather throughout the la nd . T oday, t here are t he knobs of your receiving instrument. difficult, the pu blic was a bit skept ical, about 600, but in spite of this immense I t never failed you once. You turned it but interest ed. It was q uick t o a ppla ud increase, WJZ has held its own, and in in and there it was. It enterta in ed, ,the e.ffort s m a d e,~a- n d"'- t o"'apprec- i a t c the many ways. has led the way. charmed, or cheered you. jsupen or programs. 10 RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR"

But the work was tedious. Great credit Woman Is Boss public men and entertainers came to is due to Mr. Miller and members of his \VJZ to broadcast. On the guest book staff who listened in night after night, of the \VJZ studio and reception room checking up on the broadcasting, the mod­ may be found the names of Mary Sunde­ ulation, and finally on the program. lius, May Peterson, Cecil Arden, Frieda The securing of good, pleasant and Hempel, Lydia Lipkowska, Vice Presi­ entertaining programs was no small dent Coolidge, Premier Clemencea u, task. This work as well as the general Lord Robert Cecil, Governors and managing of the station developed upon Senators of many states, prominent l\Ir. William H. Easton. It was found lecturers and aOrtists too numerous t o that one of the most difficult things to mention. do in the early days of commercial \VJZ's scope was international. Its broadcasting was to interest newspapers waves radiated into parts unknown, and in this new field. Untiring efforts on the were heard throughout the civilized part of Mr. Easton secured the recogni­ world. WJZ was the first station to be tion of radio broadcasting and a woke heard in England, and reception is being the duties of newspapers toward the achieved da ily in London. The pro­ hundreds of new fans. grams of English stations are being mod­ "']Z enjqyed the distinction of being eled after \VJZ's programs, because of the first broadcasting station to have their completeness and entertaining value. its complete program published by a J\Ietropolitan newspaper. Over eleven But the old WJZ is shut down. It hundred newspapers in the United States has found a more modern home in the and foreign countries published the Aeolian Hall Building, at 42d Street and \v]Z program. Much of this work Fifth Avenue in the heart of the city. was carried out by Mr. P. A. Sensenig. Here a super-station has been erected by the Radio Corporation Engineers who In addition, \v]Z has been the subject of Station WDT has been reopened in its were -al ways interested in the develop­ many magazine articles and it has a ppear­ new home at 510 \Vest 23rd Street, ment of WJZ. Mr. C. B. Popenoe ed on the screen. Dignitaries and men New York, in the studios of the Premier went from the old WJZ to the new to prominent in engineering circles have come Grand Piano Corporation. The station manage its programs and its activities. from foreign lands to visit the station. is in charge of Miss Vaughn De Leath, It may put on a new voice, be clothed From a point of equipment, W]Z was the "original radio girl." The progra ms in a new glory, but to many, old WJZ will rated as one of the most powerful broad­ announced by the station are of out- be just "WJZ" an old faithful friend, casting stations in operation in the standing merit. . whose presence we feel, and whose voice country. Its original transmitter was we love. of 500 watt power. For instance the method of identifying Monday night, right after the broad­ Last November, the power of the operators a nd a nnouncers was intro­ cast, the operator in charge made an station was doubled, and \VJZ could duced at W]Z, and the practice soon entry in the station log book, as he has claim a transmitting radius of 2,000 extended to every broadcasting station done every night for the last year and a miles. As a matter of fact, \v]Z had worthy of the name. The voices of half. This entry differed,. from all others, the most consistent transmitting record A WN, (Mr. ]. L. Watt); ACN, (Mr. because it read: of any broadcasting station. It was T. Cowan); A]N, (Mr. M. ] . Cross), "W]Z signed off for the last time. heard almost nightly in California and all a nnouncers, and OBN, (Chief Station closed down-All's well." in England. It had foll owers in Aus­ Operator G. Bliziotis) and OHN, (Opera­ tralia, Cuba, South America a nd Europe. tor Hiller) are well known to thousa nds On one occasion, its signals were heard of radio fans. Some of them refl ect simultaneously in Honolulu and Bremen­ truly t he personality of the Station, and Fake Inspectors haven, Germany, some 10,000 miles! have made many friends for themselves A "fake" radio inspector has been To keep a station such a time as this over the radio. issuing "licenses" to amateur and broad­ required the best of operators and the T he first time radio fa ns adjusted their casting stations in Minnesota, the De­ most competent care. Six licensed watches was through the re-broadcasted partment of Commerce has been advised. radio operators, all of them having had NAA (Arlington) time signals from Using the return stub of an amateur extensive practical experience either on W] Z. This little innovation in the radio application blank secured from the land or sea or both, stood the practicall y program was immediately popular, a nd Department, a n individual giving his continuous watch at the instruments. spread out to many other stations. na me as Cecil Osborne is said to have The Chief Operator, Mr. George Bliziotis And then, one afternoon radio fa ns supervised the installation of a radio was in direct charge of this work, and who could not attend the World Series station in Minnesota, and issued what he many times the proper operation of were startled to pick up the cheering called a license. W]Z depended upon his quick, prompt of the crowds at the Polo Grounds and This imposter claimed that he was a and skillful handling of the situation. of receiving announcements of the plays, former radio operator of the Navy The first man to ever broadcast station on their receiving sets. W]Z was broad­ Department a nd a member of the Naval "']Z was Mr. C. W. Horn, when the casting the baseball game reports. This Reserve. The only record of a man of station was officially opened up in was the first time that remote ra dio that name in the files of the Navy De­ October 12, 1921. Mr. Horn is now broadcasting was ever attempted in the partment is that of a deserter who served Superintendent of Communications for Metropolitan district. for a time as an apprentice and seaman. t he Westinghouse Electric & Manufac­ Subsequently, the first church service He deserted in San Francisco in ]uly, turing Company. It is his duty to see and then the first complete grand opera 1922, the official records state. that the other \Vestinghouse stations, were sent out via \V]Z's powerful installa­ All radio inspectors of the Department, KDKA, in Pittsburgh, KWY, in Chicago, tion. the officials in Washington point out, are a nd WBZ in Springfield are kept in the But W]Z's entertainment was not for supplied with means of identification, pink of conditions. That he has done grown-ups alone. For the kiddies, bed including official badges and identifica­ his work well is shown by the fact that time stories were told by children story tion cards bearing their photographs. these stations are without rivals as far tellers and authors of national repute. Amateurs and broadcasters are advised as range, consistent transmission and Sleepy ears heard many tales of ] ack to ask for identification cards and to pay modulation are concerned. Rabbit, Bunny Briar and others from no fees for Ii ;enses. Alt!1ough the White Station \VJZ was a pioneer in many Thornton Burgess, David Cory, Florence Radio bill cl,ntemplated the 9ayment of ways. It originated many new varia­ Smith Vincent and Howard Garis. fees for licenses, it failed t(J ;Jass; the tions in an attempt to put out a really The popularity of W] Z spread very present law provides for the licensing interesting program. quickly. The most prominent artists, without charge. RADIO AGE-" THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" 11 W J A Z, a Station With a Difference HERE is something about a great to communicate with MacMillan while he steel buildings on any side. T he steel broadcasting station that suggests is on the Arctic expedition, sending to towers extend 175 feet into the air. T he T a combination of the pilot's cabin him not only the events of interest, but antenna is of the fan type with cage on a giant ocean liner and the foyer of a also communications from the families lead-in. An entirely new system of theater. There are instruments in the of himself and his crew. modulation is used in this station, which operating room that give an awesome The Crystal Studio is surrounded with system will be disclosed as soon as impression- of easy mastery over vast three-ply, sound-proof, glass partitions. patents, for which application has been distances. A visit to the transmitting In the past, artists waiting to broadcast made, are granted. Under the W j AZ plant, always at some distance from the have been annoyed \lby t wo factors: system, t here is no need of the art ists operator, gives one the same thrill that First, the presence of microphones, and being close to the microphones. As a he experiences when looking at the equip- second, the absence of an a udience. To matter of fact, in ma ny instances, they

Giant transmitter at Station WJAZ, Chica go, showing the arrangement of big tubes in a circle. The s tudio of this station is enclosed in plate gla ss. (U&U F ot o).

ment of an electric power station. With overcome both of t hese difficult ies, the are full y ten yards from t he microp hones, this difference, however, that the tubes microphones are carefully concealed and t he volume being controlled entirely and coils and wires here visible, all are not visible to the operators from a n y by t he operator in the triangular glass appearing to be alive with terrific, a ngle; as a matter of fact, t hey are con­ operating room. T he artists performing though pent up power, really do nothing cealed in the flo or lamps in various part s have every convenience of the artist more than to start thousands of electro­ of the Crystal Studio. The artists always on the stage, except one, and that is tha t magnetic waves off on a journey t hat have an a udience to which t hey are they ca n only see the appla use of their takes them at a speed so great that t hey singing, t his a udience being on t he oppo­ audience, b ut another microphone and could circumnavigate the earth about site side of t he sound-proof, plate glass a loud speaker a re being a dded so that seven and one-half times a second. partit ion. Now, t he a udience can see the applause of t he audience will be t he artists. sin ging or playing, b ut cannot transmitted through the sound-proof The new Zenith-Edgewat er Beach hear t hem. H owever , t here is a small plat e glass and will be audible in t he station, WjAZ, is such a station. W j AZ receiving set just outside t he plate glass Crystal Studio where the artist is per­ is not only a leading Chicago st ation, but partit ion, so that the a udience by ra dio forming. it appears to be a bidder for national hear t he art is.ts as t hey a re performing. Now as to the policy of t he st ation. popularity. T he operator sits in a small , triangular, No talkers, whatsoever, are permitted, The station is powered by a t en kilo­ plate glass room and has full view of a ll for the time being, a t least. The pro­ watt, 4,000 volt generator with a dupli­ t he artist s in the stud io and t he orchestra gra m is entirely a m usical entertainment, cate generator in reserve. On t he open­ playing in the Marine diningroom. The sta rting at 10:00 p. Ill., Chicago daylight ing night using only one-third of our entire performa nce of artists from the savings t ime, and runnin·g until 2 :00 a. 111 power, it reached Oregon, California , Cryst al Studio is visible on the east on Tuesdays, vVednesdays, Thursdays, Florida, Nova Scotia. It received 1,800 fro m the Beach promenade, on the north F ridays and Saturdays, 5 :00 t o 8 :00 p. m. letters the Monday following the Satur­ from the hotel terrace, on t he west Chicago daylight savings time on Sun­ day opening. It is now operat ing on a from t he Colonial diningroom and on the days. The highest t y pe of classical music little more than half power and will south fro m the Marine diningroom. with excellent artists from t he Crystal probably not turn on full power until it The generators a nd t he a ntenna are Studio a lternate with dance music every starts talking with MacMillan on his located 300 yards north of t he Crystal second n umber from the orchestra ill North Pole trip. This station is to be used Studio, right on the la ke shore, with no the M arine diningroom. 12 RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR"

THOUGHT WAVES ITORIAL TOWER

HE question, asked by millions about cleven nautical miles. Radio­ T in t he last year, as to whether equipped airplanes are also of great radio is a passing craze, has been an­ service under that range, especially swered. Gross sales of radio mer­ in t he case of a smoke screen , which chandise for the year ending May, \vould ma ke a target invisible from 1923, were $100,000,000; double t he t he shi p itself. total gross of the preceding year. Due to t he curvature of the earth, You cannot laugh off that kind of a rangefinder in a fi ghting top, showing. about a hundred feet above the sur­ ~ Many other interesting figures face of t he sea, can see t he water about the growth of radio are con­ line Or horizon approximately no tained in a survey published by the further t han eleven miles distant, American Radio Journal. One item which is t he resulting limit ,o f ac­ in the table shows that the number curate fire if he does his own spot­ of manufacturers of radio sets and ting. T hat is, if t he observers en­ accessories decreased from 3,000 to L!:===:::;::::::;::==:::::======:::!.J deavor to tell t he gun captains be­ 1,000. This is an apparent setback low how much short or over t he but actually it means t hat the in­ "We can predict safely t hat dur­ target t heir shots fall or how far dustry has eli minated t he fly-by­ ing t he coming season, which really to the right or left, eleven miles is nighters. This pleases t he fans. begins with May 1, t hat improved the maxi mum range. T hey want dependable equipment. types of apparatus will mean a heavy For fighting top observations over The manufacturers t hemselves are resale market to old customers. t his range much tall er masts would benefited because the trade is being \iVhat if $100,000,000 of merchandise be needed or airplanes which can stabilized. was sold last year? Over $30,000,- spot by radio. T o see the water The America Radio Journal pub­ 000 of it is replaceable. T ubes, bat­ line at 30,000 yards a fi ghting top lishes the follo\ving figures: teries, panels, parts-almost any would have to be 170 feet aloft-too May,1922 May. 1923 piece of radio has its deterioration high for practical purposes by Dealers_~ __ . __ . ___ . __ : ___ . ______S 4,000 S 6,000 loss. many feet. Of course, a masthead Mfg. compani es______3,000 1,000 Jobbers.______1,000 3,000 "The traffic in 'seconds' is enor­ lookout a hundred feet above the Annual gross sales_____ . ___ . ___ .. S50,OOO,OOO $ 100,000,000 Failures______.. ______.. ______500 5,000 mous and will increase. Yet every sea coul d see t he mast and perha ps Sets sold. ____ ,, __ : ____ ,,_,,______100,000 300,000 one is satisfied to buy mOre and the superstructure of a ship over the Tubes sold ______",, ______.. _ 150,000 500,000 Values parts sold. ______$35,OOO,OOO $70,000,000 more if he can improve d istance, horizon , but he could not see the Employed in trade______25,000 40,000 Mailordersales______S 3,000,000 $ 4,000,000 audibility, selectivity, etc. The fall of t he shells in the water or t heir Credit losses. _____ ,,______250,000 3,000,000 field is fathomless. There is prac­ splash, and would only be able to Export gross value.______100,000 1,000,000 Import gross value______,,_ 250,000 3 ,000,000 tically no 'absorption point' and as tell if t he mast or superstructure Trade adver tising______1,500,000 10,000,000 Broadcasters______250 600 for t he 'curve,' it will be straight up were hi t, which would not aid the Radio fans___ ,,______500,000 2,000,000 for at least five years to come­ gun pointers in picking up the Dealers'inventories______,, __ ,,__ 2,000,000 15,000,000 Newspaperdepts___ ,,_ .. ______10 600 more so if broadcasting receives the target. Radio publications______•______... 15 30 proper support." It is for t his reason t hat airplane Predictions for the future are . spotters which can ascend several made by the same publication: ECHNICAL experts are argu­ thousand feet, are used in the Navy "The future seasons of radio have T ing whether or not, 'under t he and it is only by radio t hat they can every promise of being even mOre Arms agreement, the gun elevations report to t he gunners the exact phenomenal than that which has just of the American first line battleships spots where t he shells fall , thus passed," observes the editor of the mayor may not be increased, when enabling t hem to correct their aim. publication. "\Vith higher powered what we really need is radio and air­ \Vhat we need as much as gun broadcasting, more efficient receiv­ planes. In order to increase the elevating is more naval air spotters ing sets, better circuits, better tech­ range from around 21,000 yards to radio-equipped. nical education, etc., the public is 24,000 yards, several degrees of el­ making radio bowl along faster than evation would be necessa ry, but most of the trade appreciate. with t his increase neither the gun "Sociologically, radio has already pointers nor the look-outs on the Loftiest Antenna begun to change the habits and masthead could see where the shells Towers of t he new WMAQ station, manner of living of millions. Its fell. Airplanes with radio transmit­ on the roof of t he H otel LaSalle, wi ll be effects are no more to be stayed ters are the only means whereby twenty-t wo stories above the level of than t he powers of a tornado let battleships can fire with any degree Madison Street. T he a ntenna will be loose. of accuracy over 22,000 yards or t he loftiest in Chicago. RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" 13

A memorial tablet recently was unveiled in Calvary Episcopal Church, Pittsburgh. The tablet was dedicated to the invisible congregation which for two years has been listening to church services broadcast from Calvary Episcopal through Westinghouse Station KDKA. The picture shows The Rev. Edwin J. van Etten, pastor, and H. P. Davis, vice president of the Westinghouse Company. The choir boys who have added so much to the radio services, are also shown. E vangelisll1 by Radio That the broadcasting of religious the program. On Thanksgiving da y, small offering to the church whose ser­ services has increased ch urch attendance; the union service of the First Presby­ vice they have h eard. People in t he that radio has been a real help to the teria n a nd First Reformed Churches country, una ble to leave their farms, work of the church and has brought was sent out through WGY. New have thoroughly appreciated the broad­ satisfaction and comfort to hundreds Year's eve came on Sunday evening, so casting of religious services. and thousands of people, is the opinion a special Community Watch-N ight ser­ of the ministers of Schenectady who have vice, commencing at 9 p. m. was arranged Homer Rodeheaver's famous chorus, been cooperating with M. P. Rice, direc­ at the First Methodist Church and sent and his own voice leading congregational tor of broadcasting of the General out through the station. A community singing, may become available to churches Electric Company, in the transmission three-hours service from 12 to 3 p. m. is throughout the United States as the of ch urch services. to be broadcast Good Friday. result of radio records now being made From the inauguration of the radio "As far as possible, each church equip­ in Chicago. church service by W G Y, October 1, 1922, ped with a n organ and good musica l Not only will the sacred services be the studio management has cooperated lead ership has taken its turn. The within reach of the churches, but private very closely with the Ministerial Asso­ ministers whose churches are not equip­ homes in the city or the remotest parts ciation, of Schenectady, N . Y. The ped with pipe organs have as a rule had of the country may tune in for the very Ministerial Association, which is made charge of the vesper service. Occasion­ highest type of religious service, as it is up of the pastors of all the evangelica l a lly, out-of-town churches have been offered in the wealthiest congregations churches, named a committee of which invited to send out their services. in the United States. the Rev. Robert W. Anthony, pastor of "At once, the participating ministers Arrangements have a lready been com­ the first Presbyterian Church, is the began to receive letters of a ppreciation, pleted with the National Broadcaster's head, to assist the studio manager in t elephone calls, and words of gratitude League, which has stations in twenty the assignment of clergymen for the from m embers of their congregation or different states, to obtain the syndicated vesper services and in planning the order acquainta nces whom they m et in the service as it is now being prepared in a in which the services of different denom­ city . This made it possible to visualize Chicago studio. inations should be broadcast. the radio congregation. A large number The broadcasters will relay the regula­ In nearly every case the mornil1g and of those listening in a re aged and sh ut-in; tion service, from prelude to postelude, evening services of a church a re broad­ some of them are partially d eaf, others on a precise schedule, each number cast. The church is connected to the a re blind, still others a re helpless cripples. beginning a nd e nding at a precise time transmitting eq uipmen t of the broad­ One patient sufferer for thirteen years, so that churches may emflloy their own casting station by means of la nd wires. recently said that Sunday had been the sermon or their own off ertory at option Two microphones a re placed in the longest d ay in the week until the broad­ a nd tune in for the special music or sermon. church, one for the preacher a nd a nother casting of religious services began, a nd The regulation services, as they have , for choir a nd organ. But for the presence now it is the best a nd brightest day in been prepared by Mr. Rodeheaver, of the microphones, the church congre­ the week for her. Deaf people, who consist of ten or twelve records which gation would not be aware that the ser­ have not been a ble to hear the ordinary are packed and distributed to the broad­ vice, ordinarily limited to the four walls church service, can hear distinctly the casting stations affiliated with the league. of the church, was going out into thou­ serv ice by radio. Mothers wit h little Two specia lly constructed reprod ucing sands of homes over a grea t territory. children who, on that account, are un­ machines will carry the service t hrough, Summarizing the first six months of able to go out to church, have been made one machine overlapping the other by broadcasting of religious services, Rev. happy by listening to the religious ser­ a newly patented synchroni zi ng device, Mr. Anthony made the following report: vices. The gratitude and joy of people so that there is no break at t he end of "The first services were held on Sun­ of this sort has been a revelation to the one record and the beginning of another. day, October 1, when the morning ser­ ministers who have participated. People A number of noted divines have bee n vice of the First Methodi:st Church a nd a who have not gone to church for years a re engaged to deliver inspirational sermons vesper Fervice from the studio were listening with the keenest interest a nd a nd express modern religio us thought, broadcast, and services have been broad ­ with growing fri endliness toward the It is intended to have the service ready cast regularly from that da t e. Recently, churc h. Many of these send either to supply c hurches in time for t he mid­ an evening service has been added to (hrough t he ma il or by some friend, a s ummer period. 14 RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" .. II~ Little Things That Help ~II stations using con tin uous waves, a filter bring the voltage up to 100 or 150 volts, Easily Constructed of the type in Figure 1, A is recommended. then the internal resistance of these Grid Leak This is constructed by having a winding cells becomes very high; not so high for of about forty turns of number 28, DeC low frequencies, but high enough at There are times when you are experi­ wire, which will make a coil of about one radio frequency to need consideration. menting with various circuits and you inch in length. Over this coil there is Therefore, shunting the battery with fi nd yourself min us a grid leak. An wound about three or four layers of heavy this large condenser, as shown in the efficient, variable and permanent grid writing paper, after which the coil is leak may be constructed by cutting a connected to a 23-plate condenser of piece of bristol board to the size of a good make. Over the larger coil a grid condenser, punching two holes to smaller coil, consisting of about from aliow it to be bolted on to the condenser, three to five turns, should be wound, as in the illustration. Two washers which is connected to the set as indicated. make contact with the markings of a If you are having trouble from Spark very soft lead pencil. The marking stations, the filter in B, Figure 1, will is allowed to protrude slightly around the usually assist in tuning him out. If your edge of the washer. After the parts are a ntenna is a small one, the addition of a assem bled, it is connected to the set in 25-turn coil in the_antenna lead, to bring the usual manner. 'When the set is its fundamental up higher, will probably help in making the filters a success.

drawing will help considerably. As the By-Pass Condenser for condenser used for this purpose has too much capacity to be used across the "B" Batteries phones, it will not do to employ' the one I N some circuits in which a high pres- condenser for both, but two separate sure is used on the plate, much condensers of the proper capacities better results have been obtained by should be used as shown. shunting the "B" battery with a fixed condenser having a capacity of from 1-4 to 1 micro-farads. This is especially useful in cases where the pressure ranges Correction from 80 to 150 volts. Using a fixed The circuit shown on page 10, in Figure condenser of .001 M. F. across the phones 2 of the June issue should indicate a 23- is common practice and the reason for plate vernier condenser, connected across this is that the phones offer considerable . the secondary circuit, from the left-hand impedance to the radio frequency cur­ side of the grid leak to the positive Fig ure 2. A grid leak of unusual rent flowing in this circuit, and the con­ filament and bottom side of the coupler. efficiency and flexibility can be inexpen­ denser will cause them to pass around the The couplers should not be placed in sively constructed as shown. phones. After getting past the phones inductive relation, but should be spaced it must also pass through the "B" bat­ not less than six inches. Number 22, teries and if this battery consists DeC wire may be used throughout in turned on, the grid leak is adjusted by of many small cells which are necessary to winding the coils on the couplers. taking a pencil and drawing a line from the markings along the washer across the cardboard. The heavier the line, the less resistance, and the lighter line the higher resistance. The. action of the grid leak is to keep the grid of the tube from accumulating an excessively strong negative charge, which would make the tube inoperative, or as some prefer to say "paralyze" it. By Ii' listening in on the telephone receivers, it can be ascertained whether the leak is functioning properly. If the signal is "mushy." the reason i s probably too .IT much pencil marking, and if it thumps and knocks there is probably too little marking. How to Eliminate Interference Various methods have been tried to eliminate various kinds of interference. A new method has been originated, ® radically different t'l-om the conventional wave trap, which applies specifically to various forms of interference and tuning Figure 1. Two types of filter systems, which have been used with great success in difficulties. This is the filter. For those eliminating interference. One or more of the type illustrated under A can be used for who are troubled with interference from each interfering wave. RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" 15

L. L. R. Monroe, Mich. , you a circuit which will cut out static. for only the last one. T he others only Question: I am just beginning the Static is a phenomenon which has been weaken signals or exclude them entirely. radio game, and I wish you would send under observation and investigation for I replaced my 11 plate condenser with me a diagram of a one tube set. years in hope of finding some method a 23-plate which enabled me to tune in Answer: In Figure 7, I am printing a whereby it may be eliminated in radio WEAF at 492 meters, and a lso per­ regenerative circuit, which will give very reception. The man who solves the mitted me to separate the following fou r good results. L 1 is a coil of about problem is deserving of much praise stations: WEAF, WJZ, WJY, WOR, and monetary returns. However, I am a nd others. I have eight switch points printing in Figure 2 a circuit which you on my antenna circuit and find use for will find is comparatively immune to about four of them. The others do me no atmospheric interference if properly con­ good. What are they there for? I use structed and operated. A complete an L 1500 honeycomb coil in the plate description of this circuit appeared in the circuit between the detector and first April number of Radio Age. You might state of audio freque ncy. Is this a new try shortening the antenna you now are stunt? It increases the tone and volume using, which affords less chance for ac­ of the set. Why is this? J.,i cumulating static. Also while operating your set, keep the filament turned down Answer: The reason you find that as low as possible without interfering some of the switch taps on your set are with the reception of signals. Can also not all active is that the designer wished advise that you listen in during the twi­ to provide for different types of antennas light periods, early morning and evening, and systems, and therefore made the before sunrise and after sunset. During set fl exible so as to function with prac­ this period, the static abates. Be sure tically a ny system. Probably if you had that your antenna is properly grounded a different antenna system you would at all times, if the static is bad in your have to use entirely different switch Figure 7. Many of our readers are portion of the country. taps in tuning. The honeycomb coil asking for an easily constructed inexpen. in the plate circuit is not a new feature, si'lle one tube set. Here's one using two but is often a good one. Would advise condensers and homemade inductances. G. W. H., Long Island City, N. Y. that you use a smaller coil in this circuit, forty-five turns of number 20, D C C; Question: Please tell me what use to as I am sure you will get better results. L 2 is another coil of about fifty t urns of make of the three switch points on the The introduction of more inductance number 22, D C C, and L 3 is a tickler grid circuit of my Reinartz set. As long in the plate circuit, in this case, effects coil having seventy-five turns of number as I have been using it, I have found use greater ease in making the set oscillate 22, D C C. All coils should be wound on a cardboard tube three inches in diameter. The condenser connected across L 2 is a 23-plate ver nier, while the condenser in the grou nd circuit is a 43-plate vernier. All th e coils should be placed in inductive relation to one another. kOOP /orv.e\lS I. C. M., Ventura, Ia. OV .t:'RAME' 3,1xa,l Question: I am an interested su b­ VERNIER scriber to the Radio Age, and would 23 PlATE appreciate it if you would give me a little advice on how to eliminate static, which is very violent in this section of the coun­ try now. I use- an indoor antenna 150 feet long, with a single circuit regenera­ tive receiving set. If you will send me a ~Rl:xJND circuit showing how to eliminate this nuisance, I will feel eternally grateful -:- to you. • Figure 2. The one tube loop antenna set, descrilJed in the A pril issue, can be used Answer: As much as I would like to, to advantage jor excluding static and interference, and make$ an ideal portable set jor I am sorry to say that I can not give summer use. 16 RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR"

POT.

+

1...----1_ 11111111111111111--:-+----+------11_ 1111/1111111/111111111-+------1 .2,2 ~a vot.7S' 4S"-'l?J- 60 H:),lJJ' Figure 1. The Reinartz circuit with one stage radio frequency, detector and two stages audio frequency amplification, using WD-ll tubes. a nd gives greater feedback properties as well as myself. If yo u ha ve a diagram circuit. Use either a .00025 or .0017 than if no coil were inserted. showing one s tage of RF a mplification, condenser in the grid circuit. Not neces­ detector and two stages AF amplifica­ saril y variable. A grid leak, adjustable A.~W. M., Indianapolis, Ind. tion, will you please mail it to me? The in variations from 1- 2 to 1 1-2 megohms Question: In your May issue of Radio questions: Does variable condenser is satisfactory. Silk enamel would be Age, you have the Erla refl ex circuit, suggested in grid circuit replace grid better; it affords higher insulation. The a nd after having considered ha ve decided leak a lso, or is it necessary to have a grid transformers you · mention are OK for to construct a set using this circuit. leak and variable condenser also? What the circuit, the ratios being correct. Kindly tell me if the variocoupler has size grid leak do you suggest in the grid Use the white top in the first stage AF one or two sets of switch points; the circuit? I am using double cotton enamel and the red top in the second. The 11 drawing shows only one set, but the in the coil. Would single silk ena mel plate condenser is correct in this circuit. text provides for two sets, when the be any better? What about the Thorard­ W D 11 tubes will function satisfactorily circuit does not show another set. You son transformers with respect to ratio; in the circuit in Figure 1, but will not speak of the U V 201A or C 301A tube they are simply marked high ratio "white afford as much volume as a six volt tube as being the best. Will the W D 11, top" and low ratio "red top." Will they would give. \V D 12 or U V 199 work in this circuit? be OK for the set? I am considering Answer: Provision was made for two adding one stage of radio frequency; kinds of variocouplers in the text. If your book shows an 11 plate condenser c. W. R., Bristol, Ind. you should decide to use a variocoupler replacing the 23 plate. Is this correct? Question: Being a subscriber to your having two sets of taps, connect the one Is the Rei nartz set successful with one magazine, I have built a Reinartz re­ set of taps to the antenna through the stage of RF using W D 11 tubes? ceiver, using two stages of amplification switch, and the second set to the ground with two steps of amplification, using t hrough the other switch. This will Answer: The noises which you men­ a Pfansteihl coil. I built the set give greater selectivity, and afford greater tion are probably caused by one of the according to directions in the September ease in tuning. Any of the tubes you following reasons, viz.: an improperly issue of the Radio Age with the exception mention will give satisfactory results adjusted grid leak, too high a plate po­ that I am using 23 and II-plate con­ in the circuit, but the 301 tube is to be tential on the detector tube, or faulty densers instead of 23 and 43. Which recommended. connections in the set some place. vVould do you consider the best? I am having advise that you sandpaper the rheo­ excellent results with this set, much S. E. L., Memphis, Tenn. stats so that the resistance wire is bright better than my friends, who have various Question: I a m a reader of the Radio and clean, and to make sure that each other kinds of sets. Age, and hav , your book on "Reinartz connection is not noisy, take a hot I would like to have you explain to Radio," from which I built my set with soldering iron and touch up all the con­ me what changes I should make in my two stages of amplification, audio fre­ nections leaving them a bright, smooth set so as to be able to get the stations quency, using W D 11 tubes. I have bit of solder. Try a smaller grid conden­ using the new wave lengths. \Vould you had some difficulty in making the set ser, adjust the grid leak carefully, and s uggest that I build a different type of "talk" and a m not quite satis fi ed with ascertain whether the transformers are receiver? If so, what kind? Do you the results, although the set has con­ working properly. I am printing the recommend reflex circuits? vinced me that it will do all tha~ you cla im circuit you ask for in Figure 1. Notice Answer: I am glad to hear that you for it. It picks up stations from the how the battery for the filaments is are getting results with the circuit you Rockies to the Atlantic, but I cannot tune connected up. This is necessary when mention. You will not have to rearrange up the detector tube high enough for more than one \V D 11 is used in a cir­ or rebuild your set to meet the present clear reception without too much noise. cuit. \Vith reference to the other ques­ wave length system, as the highest waves On advice of so-called local "experts," tions: A grid leak is a lways advisable are in the vicinity of 500 meters, and your I substituted a 23-plate condenser for in the grid circuit to keep an excessively set will easily tune to this wave. The the 43-plate, which they claimed was high negative charge from accumulating Reinartz circuit works about equally necessary with W D 11 tubes. I would on the grid of the tube. The leakage well with either 23 and 43 or 23 and 11- ake to have you answer a few questions of a varip.ble condenser might provide plate condensers. A reflex set, if properly lind oblige a number of interested BCL's this but it is better to have one in the constructed, will often work as well, RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" 17

or better, than some of the coventional formers might be the cause of your in the May number, your drawing shows circuits now in use. Great care must trouble, this being determined by the the transformer markings as being minus be exercised in constructing them. use of other transformers. From your and plus, but the transformer is not letter I cannot tell whether you are marked this way. Marking on the ' Mrs. C. E. B., Stockton, Ill. using the proper rheostats on the U V transformer are A and B. How do they Question: I have a Westinghouse 201 A tubes, but will say that if you are connect them with these markings? Aeriola SR receiver, type RF. Can you using the ordinary rheostat, would Answer: The connections, as you please recommend any special hookup advise that you turn them up only to indicate, are the same as on our diagra m for one step of audio frequency amplifica­ make contact with the resistance wire with the exception that our diagram was tion to be used with the headset, and two on the rheostat. The reason that this a little more specific. The marking step to be used with a loud speaker? is necessary is that too high a filament A on the transformer indicates the fila­ Answer: I am printing, in Figure 3, potential will render the tube inopera- ment negative or A-while the marking p 'P B on the transformer indicates the plate battery positive, or B+. The AF transformer you mention in your letter PI-IONt: P'Osr ON qt:TEC'TQ!;? will be satisfactory in the circuit.

B. R. C. troquois, Iowa. / A/="T AFT (g)r ('r)- 10 TO.! 8r F- .5roL Question: I have a three-stage audio RA!JO RATiO frequency set which has only one vario­ meter and no coupler, and I would like ( Pos/'Tlf/ti'" A to know if the circuit can be rearranged to G~~A~+~ ______f- ______~ ___~~~ --~---{-----~ bring in long distance stations by the addition of a variocoupler. Please give me a circuit showing how this is done. Answer: I am printing, in Figure 6, a circuit which will -bring in long distance TO PtXIT!Vc ";--,40 h::J 60 J1:Jt.T 8 B4T stations using the apparatus you now ~ have, with an addition of a variocoupler, Figure 3. A two stage audio frequency amplifier, constructed with binding posts one condenser and a small honeycomb as in the circuit, can easily be connected to any set, as shown. coil. The audio frequency is added in the usual manner, the input of the first a diagram of a two step amplifier, making tive, and the only way to make the tube stage of audio frequency connected to provision for the use of either headphones come back to normal is to burn the fila­ the phone posts on the detector. In this or loud speaker. The phone posts on ment at normal brilliancy for a period circuit, L 1 and L 2 are the primary and the detector of the set you now have of time with the B battery off. This secondary of a variocoupler respectively, should be connected to the designated will bring back the filament emission of and L 3 is a 25-turn honeycomb coil. posts on the amplifier. The rest of the electrons. Make sure that the A battery The condenser across the secondary of connections are plainly shown in the is correctly connected, as the reversal the variocoupler is a 23-plate vernier. diagram. of polarity makes the amplifier inopera­ tive, giving only a lot of noises. A The variometer in the plate circuit makes the set regenerative. L. P. G., Chicago, Ill. negative charge must be sustained on the grid of the amplifier tube in order Question: I am having trouble with F. H. Chicago, Ill. a sputtering and cracking noise in my to make them function properly. Of set--consisting of a two stage audio course your trouble could be static, but Question: Can you give me a de­ frequency, with a regenerative detector you will have to determine that for your­ tailed drawing of a tuning system with using honeycomb coils. I have used my self. If you are getting noises on one which I can tune out KYW, WDAP, and B batteries on two other sets, and have set and not on the other, with simul­ WMAQ while they are sending. I have no trouble from them. I have tested the taneous operation, the trouble is not tried every circuit nearly, Flewelling, transformers, and they seem to be OK. static. If you hear them with both sets, Reinartz, Reflex and Regenerative; but They are spaced more than three inches you may be sure that you are having no use, I don't think it can be done. apart in the set. All connections are trouble with atmospherics, and the only Have been trying RF and AF, but that very short. I use a C 300 for detector way to avoid them is to put in '1 circuit don't do it. I live only two miles from and the U V 201 A for amplifiers. I a~ in Figure 2. KYW and it surely blankets everything wonder if you could help me locate the else. On silent nights I can get Kansas misery causer. I don't think it's static, H. J. J. Crestwood, Ky. City, St. Louis, Memphis, and Minneapo­ because I use an indoor antenna which, Question: In the Erla reflex circuit lis~on one tube, but vther nights I can by the way, is 160 feet in length. I have watched your magazine very closely every month in hope of finding something which would apply to my case, but have found nothing. What would you suggest? Answer: I am of the opinion that the limitations of your set are due to either poor connections, faulty transformers or the improper use of the U V 201A tubes in the amplifier circuit. Would advise that you take a hot soldering iron .ooL and go over each of the connections, making sure that it is firmly and well soldered. Sandpaper the resistance wires and slider on the rheostats. If you are using jacks, make sure that no flux or soldering paste remains on the lugs, as this is often the cause for set noises. +1/11_ 61{' Reverse the tickler coil in the set to find out if it is wound in the proper direction. _ JIIIIIII/'II/lllr--+----' Try it both ways. Make sure that the 22~·K7J.:n3 prongs on the tube sockets are clean Figure 6. A n efficient regenerative circuit using a condenser across the secondary and make good contact. Faulty tran3- of the variocoupler with a 25 turn honeycomb coil, which tunes very closely. 18 RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR"

choke coil between the radio tube plate and the primary side of the RF trans­ former. Can you enlighten me as to the cause of the beat note, and its cure? All I have been able to get is Schenectady, which is about fifty-two miles away, and I get them so faintly that I just about could hear them. In what way would larger condensers affect the circuit? Radio is supposed to reach farther bHt can I get volume as I had before I 'tried to change? Answer: The beat note you speak of is probably caused by the RF amplifier in your set acting as a detector, rectifying the signal instead of amplifying it. The reason you caught Schenectady is that probably your RF tube and detector tube were tuned to the same frequency, _ _ G"ROVNO thereby allowing the signal to slip through. Larger condensers in the cir­ cuit will increase your wave length. If Figure 5. A spark coil if connected up in this manner, makes an efficient short you will connect up your set as in Figure distance transmitter. The ordinary automobile spark coil, with vibrator, can be used. 1, you will get the advantage of both added volume and increased range. The not t une out t he local stations t o get cause your diagra m is not correct. Con­ circuit shows the connections for W D 11 any DX nect up your apparatus as in Figure 4, tubes, but you will have only to make it Answer : Your location is a very bad and you will certainly get results. The apply to your source of filament poten­ one fro m an interference viewpoint, and three-plate condenser across the primary tial. No changes in the circuit will be about the only recourse you have is to of the RF transformer will afford greater necessary. put in a loop receiver, something on the ease in tuning. Potentiometer should be order of this mont h 's circuit, with which from 200 to 400 ohms. L1 and L2 are I am sure you will be able t o exclude the primary and secondary of the varie­ Kinks t his_excessive interference. Y ou might coupler. The condenser across the sec­ try using a wave t rap or a filt er in the ondary of the variocoupler is a 23-plate One of our readers, who lives in an circuits you now a re using, and a lso to vernier. outlying district, found that he had no decrease the lengt h of your antenna , so spaghetti tubing with which to insulate t hat it will t une more sha rply. C. W. J. Gr~s Falls, N. Y. the set he was constructing, and in order Question: I recently hooked up a that he might quickly have a substitute, purchased common soda straws from a F . N. Sta. D. Milwaukee, Wis. Reinartz set, consisting of a detector local drug store, shellacked them, and Question: I underst and that a n a uto­ and two stages of audio frequency, ac­ used them in the regular way in place of mobile spark coil can be used for a trans­ cording to your instructions, and had the regular tubing. mitter. How is it hooked up ? the best of results. I am trying to make Answer: I a m showing, in Figure 5, a change to the hookup to a RF amplifier, Another one of our readers, Clarence t he proper connections for a spark tra ns­ detectOt a nd two stages AF, using Rasia Peterson, says that a vernier on the mitter, which will give a very sharp transformers, 13 and 5 plate condensers condensers and variometers of your wave, with a minimum of interference. U V 201,200 and 201 tubes, respectively, sets are not needed, if you have a lead L 1 is a coil of about twenty t urns of but a ll I can get with set hooked up as it pencil having a soft rubber eraser on it. n umber 12 solid copper wire wound in a is, is a beat note in the phones. This He says; "Place the rubber firmly against pancake for m. L 2 is another pancake note can be varied by turning the con­ the panel, with the side of the eraser coil of number 6 or number 8 solid copper d ensers. Local experts say that this against the dial. A slight turn on the wire of about six turns. C 1 is a t infoil beat is caused by an open circuit, but pencil will give a very small movement a nd glass condenser, having a tot al of I ca nnot believe -it, as I have tested out of the dial of the condenser. It is about about thirty sheets of t infoil five by six the circuit for breaks. I have tried as close as any vernier will give. It also inches, fift een sheets on each side. To several sizes of condensers in the grid, does away with a great deal of body t ransmit you must have a license, which have a variable grid leak, tried a small capacity, because your hands are not will be furnished free of charge by the choke coil in the plate circuit of the ?ear the"dials of the set when the pencil radio inspector of your dist rict. You det ector a nd a lso tried to put in a small IS used. must be licensed, as a heavy penalty is provided for unlicensed stations.

S. S. Quincy, Ill. Question: I wish to ment ion that I have received my first issue of Radio Age, and find it chock full of radio knowl­ edge. It certainly cannot be beat. I would like to have you go over the en­ closed diagram showing how I have connected up my set, to ascertain whether it is correct. I have connected my set up this way and I do not get any results, and would like to know if it is t he set or the circuit. The RF transformer is of the air core type. I cannot possibly locate the trouble after having gone over the wiring with the utmost care a nd finding no errors. Can you set me on the right track? N Figure 4.- This circuit shows how to use a plain variocoupler in a:radio frequency Answer: You bet we can S. S., be- detector hookup. RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" 19 Pickup Records From. Our Readers

"Spartanburg, S. C. Radio Age: I have just sent in my subscription for the Radio Age, and wish to say that it has more diagrams and helps to the radio BCL than any other book now on the market. I have been buying it hereto­ fore on the stands, but do not want to take the chance of missing a copy, there­ fore my subscription. I have a set with. which I am getting good results, the Armstrong regenerative circuit, which I have modified slightly, and which I find works better. With this hookup I have received the following stations: KDKA, KLX, KYW, WAAB, WAAC, WAAD, WAAL, WBAP, WDAJ. WEAF, WGAQ, WGAS, WGF, WGM, WGY, WHAS, WHK, WJ AX, WJZ, WLK, WLW, WMAQ, WOC, WOH, WOR, WOS, WSB, WWJ and Canadian CKAC. -::- t:;ROV/

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Figure 1. A n inexpensive, easily constructed and novel loud talker can be constructed using parts obtainable in the average plumbing or hardware store. 20 RADIO AGE-liTHE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" pair of ordinary phones I can place the phones on the wall, face out, and under­ stand everything coming over the air, throughout the room. Other crystal set owners all declare that they cannot get theirs nearly so loud. W. P. SMITH, Philadelphia, Pa. -~ That Hopwood Circuit --- ANY of the eastern radio fans - 1M are getting quite a kick out of a new circuit which was not supposed ·to be. A fan by the name of Hopwood, who lives in Philadelphia , while trying to unravel the mysteries of a blue print, got so badly tangled up that he got the secondary of his coupler hooked up to the plate instead of the grid, accidentally producing a feed-back, which according GROlJNO to reports, puts the other feed-back cir­ cuits way back into the crystal detector class. The Hopwood circuit, showing the unusual connections of the instruments used. Unlike most fans who have glory suddenly thrust upon them, Hopwood doesn't say, "I told you so," but he wants Storing the Battery National Transformer t o know what it is all about and has Now that summer is approaching, Construction of this audio-frequency called into consultation radio engineers there may be some who will not use the amplifying transformer is very rugged from far and wide to tell him why it regular six-volt storage battery but use and neat. The phell type of co.nstruc­ works. Anyway, we must give him the dry cell ones instead. If you are tion is used, the COre being made of credit for giving us one of the most contemplating doing this, take the ad­ laminated silicon steel. The coils are efficient dry cell tube circuits ever vice of the battery expert in the Crosley neatly wound and impregnated, with slipped over, and after all what do we Manufacturing Company's laboratory and connections to the posts well soldered. care how it was done, if it does what they do the following things: The instrument is completely in­ say it will do? He has rendered a great Charge the 6-volt battery to its usual closed in a highly nickel plated case, service to t he army · of radio bugs, so full capacity. held together by two nuts and bolts, let us all give three cheers for Hopwood! Drain the cells of their liquid. and nickeled binding posts for the con­ The accompanying diagram shows Place the liquid in an airtight re­ nections are plainly marked. how he did it, and the simplicity of the ceptacle. Extensions of the case in the form circuit will immediately appeal to those Be careful not to spill the liquid, as of feet are provided for mounting pur­ enthusiasts who are always looking for it will destroy clothing, rugs, etc. When poses. The transformer has a ratio something new. It will be noticed that ready to use again, divide the liquid into of three and one-half to one and operates the variometer is connected in series three parts and pour into the battery very satisfactorily, both as to volume with the primary of the coupler. There cells, proportionately, and fill up the and quality of amplification. · The is," however, no inductive relation be­ cells until the plates are covered with approximate over-all dimensions are tween the two. The grid is connected distilled water, and then recharge. 2 %x2x2 72 inches. to the aerial and the plate to the second­ It is approved by the Radio Age ary of the coupler. Instit ute experts. It is manufactured by the National Radio as a Teacher Transformer Manufacturing Company, 154 Whiting Street, Chicago, Ill. In Boston! French-speaking residents of Canada The Boston Post publishes a poem are learning English from the announc­ which is entitled "Modern Mother." ers of WGY, according to a letter received The verse shows how mother nowadays recently by the Schenectady radio broad­ Erla Contest passes up her knitting for a three-tube casting station of the General Electric In order to give all readers of Radio receiving set. The first stanza starts like Company. Age an opportunity to compete in the this: Mrs. R. Normandin, a resident of Erla prize contest, announced in the Shawinigan Falls, Quebec, writes, "Many July issue of the pu blication, the closing \Ve never could educate mother persons are taking ~dvantage of radio to date for this contest has been extended To give up her old-fashioned way; learn to pronounce English, especially to August 10. Winners of the contest A litt le black bonnet with lavender on it, from your station. Our daughter, aged will be announced in the September issue. And a shawl, she was dressed for the day. four, speaks French only, and she startled For those who missed the June issue, It is none of our business but mother us recently when she said all of a sudden, the Erla contest offers for the best must be a hardy soul. 'WGY, Schenectady, N. Y., one minute, explanation of the action of the Erla please.' " Duo-Reflex circuit, One Erla Duo-Reflex Those in charge of radio broadcasting receiver, mounted in a beautiful mahog­ activities of the General Electric Com­ any cabinet. For each of the t en next WMAQMoves pany realize that the right to broadcast best explanations, one Erla Reflex trans­ Station WMAQ, which has been carries with it the responsibility to offer former will be awarded. located on the Fair Store building, Chi­ something worth while. An earnest Judges of the contest are F. D. Pearne, cago, has been removed to the La Salle and conscientious effort is made to pro­ Technical Editor of Radio Age and E. J. Hotel. Three big Chicago hotels have vide good music, to give variety of en­ \\liggins, Chief Engineer of the Electrical now added radio broadcasting stations tertainment an,d to give helpful addresses. Research laboratories. Instructions for to their activities, The Drake, the Edge­ Announcers strive to pronounce all words building the Duo-Reflex circuit may be water Beach and the LaSalle. A hotel correctly. Before an a nnouncement is obtained from any leading radio dealer station has the advantage of a n orchestra made or a n address delivered, the an­ or the Electrical Research laboratories, available each evening for jazz stuff. nouncer goes over the man uscript. by writing for Bulletin No. 13. RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" 21

to send them in excha nge for each one Honolulu, 2,3 00 nautical miles distant. Amateurs Increase of interest to us, one of the new UV-199 T hey were also heard at Key West, F la ., Washington, D. C.-Lest some fa ns radiotron tubes. We will also incl ude a a pproxima tely 2,100 miles over la nd a nd believe that the reception of broa dcast s socket for each t ube a nd co mplete oper­ sea. is the only popula r phase of the radio ating instructions. Address all com­ Pa rt of the credit for the long d istance a rt, be it known that a mat eurs a re still munications relative to tubes of possible work is attributed to the I SO- foot entering the ga me of "key pounding" interest t o us for this collection to W G Y , wooden mast s, which carry t he Oma ha's at the rate of nearly three hundred a General E lectric Compa ny, Schenect ad y , aeria ls, almost fif ty feet higher ilia n t he month. Since January 1, 1,334 a m ateur New York. st eel mast s on battleshi ps. The mean licenses ha ve been granted by the D e­ "It is particularly requested that an y e ff ect ive height on the Oma ha is better partment of Commerce, and on June 5, who have such tubes should write first t han 100 feet, it is sta ted by naval there were- lS,232 such stations in the a nd wait for a letter from us before ship­ expert s. H er ra dio equi pment is a lso United States. ping their tubes t o us to learn whether inst a ll ed on t he top-side a nd not below, The distribution of amateur st ations they have any historical interest as a n eliminating long cable a nd wire leads. by Districts June 5, was as follows : addition to our collection." District Headq ua rters Total l ______Boston ______2,490 CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS 2 ______New Y or k ______2,629 3 ______Bal ti more______1,994 Records by Cruiser Washington, D. C.-Naval radio ex­ Six c enta per w ord per insertion. In advance. Name 4 ______N orf oIL______444 e nd addre.e must be counted. Each initial count. perts are delighted wit h the performa nce s. one word. Copy m.ust be received by t h e 5th of 5 ______N ew Orleans______941 month for 8uccaeding month'. issue. 6 ______Sa n F rancisco ______:______2,172 of the radio equipment on the new scout 7 ______Seattle______901 cruiser, Oma ha , which recently broke a ll HELP WANTED long dista nce records in tra nsmitting A m.bitiou s m en and women 18 up wanted for U. S. Gov­ S______DetroiL______2,932 ernment Permanent Jobs. $95 to $192 M onth. Paid during her sha ke-down cruise in t he s umme r vacat ion. Short hours . Pleas an t work. 9 ______Chica go ______3,729 Common educa tion sufficient. Experience unnecessary. Pacific. Write today sure for free list of positions obtain able . TotaL______1S, 23 2 vVhile ma neuvering at sea, off t he coast Franklin institute, De pt. WIIS, Rocheste r, N. Y. of Wa shington, the newly inst alled radio The above table does not include PAT ENTS AND TRADEMARKS tra nsmitting set s were given a thorough special amateurs, of which class there a re "Paten ts and Trade-Marks," 64-paga Book frec 9 Ex­ t est. Code messages tra nsmitted wit h cellent Re fe rences. 23 years' experience. Robb9 Robb 201, no new licenses having been issued & Hill, 1413 Hanna Bldg. , Cleveland, Ohio, 952 M c­ recently. It has been decided by the the 20 KvV arc set , such as t he la rger Lnchlen Bldg., Washinl'ton, D. C. naval craft a re now equipped with, were department that hereafter district radio SUBSCRIPTION ACENTS supervisors will issue special amat e ur copied by a ll na va l radio sta tions a long the west coast, from lower California station licenses instead of the Washington We want repreaenta tiYea In every community to obtain to Saint P a ul, Alaska , a nd on the East aubscriben for Radio Age. Excelle nt opportunity fo r office. radio enthual ...ta t o make good money quickly. Write The waves assigned to special a mat eurs coast a t Ba r H a rbor, M e., vVashingt on, Radio Aae, Inc., 64 Weat Randolph Streat, C hicago, III. D. C. a nd Key West , F la . One of t he met ~ rs a re between 150 and 220 for use BOOKS in CW telegraph. Regular a ma t eurs st ations reached was Sa n Diego, 1, SOO miles a way from the Oma ha. This new operate on 150 to 200 meters. If you have n o t bought your Relnartz Book, fully cruiser's a rc was copied by the battle­ liIuatrated with hook-upa and clear deacription o f ship, California, which was 1, SOO miles ~;~rt:r~~~t~n8d~~~nl :~cd~~~~h~ t~~I !:: ~Rei~~ artz Radio" and place you on the aubacription Hat of New Tubes for Old dista nt, but it is reported tha t she could Radio Age for aix monthe. Addreaa Radio Age, 500 N. w. C. White, of the research laboratory not pick up t he California 's replies. Dearborn Straet, Chicago, III. N ot only in code dispat ches did the of the General Electric Co., made a n RADIO OUTF IT AND SUPPLIES address from WGY recently in which he Oma ha's radio experts excel, but with her 300-watt tube set, spoken messages Radio Solder for construction and repairina radio out­ a nnounced that the company was ma king fita. Three ai" Inch bare 25c poatpaid. Hamilton Lead a collection of tubes a nd offering new were t ransmitted t o Pearl H arbor, Com.pany, Hamilton, Ohio. tubes for old ones which were different enough from present tubes to be of value as a part of the collection. This is what Mr. White said: "For some time past, we have been making a collection of vacuum tubes t o Reinartz Book FREE illustrate the development of this inter­ esting art. A number of years from now Reinartz Radio Book with Hook-ups-best book on best circuit such a collection will be of great interest -written and illustrated by Frank D. Pearne. If you want one and of considera ble historical value. free sign the coupon below and get t he book and one year 's sub­ "We would like to ask radio fa ns t o assist us in ma king more complet e this scription to Radio Age for $2 .00. vacuum tube collection. "It is natural, however, that we are ~"'-"--,- ~ - --- " '-- ,------,------,--" " -----? only desirous of obtaining additions to this collect ion a nd, therefore, a re in ter­ - RADIO AGE, ested only in tubes of other tha n General - 500 North Dearbor n St., Electric ma nufacture. vVhat we desire - CHICAGO. to obtain are tubes of very earl y ma nu­ - facture, tubes of unusual design a nd - those of other countries, particula rly - Please send me FREE one of your Reinartz Radio Books a nd send Italian, J a pa nese a nd Germa n. It is me Radio Age for one year. I want to take adva ntage of this Special not essential that these tubes be in Offer. I enclose $2.00. operating condition. The fil a ment may be burned out or the vacuum impaired, Name_ .. ______. ______. ___ _. ______. __ __. ______. ______but they should be in satisfactory me­ chanical condition. City ______...... __ .. __ ._. ___... _.. _.. ____ . ___ _. _.. ______.. __ ... ___ .. ___ .. ___ . ______"If any radio fan has such vacuum t ubes, I shall be very glad to have them Street and N umber _. _. _. ______. __ .. ______. ______. ______.. ______write me, describing their tubes briefl y and if they form a n addition to our col­ lection we will write their present owners offering the ll1 on receipt of their tubes 22 RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" ~~------ANew Bug which science found to be necessary usually resulted which occasionally lead in the complete formation of the adult to serious ~njuries. By ROBERT J. STANTON bug. A radio bug does not spend all its Since the flea was found to be the After its emergence from the larva time around the box with the cord and fastest thing on legs and to have a strong stage, the golf bug flies around the well­ discs, however, as it is seen climbing attachment to orphaned dogs, expert preserved turf, usually confining his a round the roof of its home during a scientist~, after thousands of years of jaunts from the colony to late afternoons greater portion of the day. Some of the patient labor, employing the search and and Sundays, in spite of vigorous protests bugs are very agile in c1imbi ng slender seizure act, have succeeded in ferreting from the female species. The female is poles attached to the top of their homes out from the dim recesses of swamp, the protector of the home and does all and adjusting wires suspended from them. forest and jungle a veritable myriad of the work, and sees the male bug only on The larger bugs do not seem to have this bugs. very rare occasions during the summer agility, however, and often fall to the Two years ago, the latest triumphant months. The habits of the male of the roof amid wild howls. discovery of these insect chasers, who species, during the winter, are as yet After much research scientists have are said to be even more expert with a unknown, due to its exceeding ferocity found that the Westinghouse Electric during this period. However, it has been net than the saltiest fisherman of New­ & IVlanufact uring Company was respon­ found that a few migrate to the southern foundland, was the golf bug. The larvae sible for the huge swarm of these bugs, part of the country in November and fly of this bug was found to be the male which now infest the United States. north again in May. human, with more stomach than hair, Other companies a lso operate the same The latest discovery of science in-the and more time to kill than work to do. kind of laboratories used by the \Vest­ world of insects, however, occurred a bout The habitat of the specie was a vast inghouse company, which inoculate the acreage of well-kept turf, dotted here and a~ year and a half ago, when an expert, a ir with a substance on which the bugs there with shell holes, ponds of water, searching in the vicinity of Pittsburgh, thrive. and other topographical irregularities, found a radio bug. The insect was a male adult, having a close resemblance to the golf bug, except for larger ears and ~ marked increase in the size of the fin ger tips. Operates in Duplex Noting these two peculiarities, the scientist patiently studied his new dis­ Highly gratifying results have been covery from concealment and learned secured with a new model high-power that the enlarged ears were due to the tube transmitter installed on the battle­ bug's habit of clamping a pair of round ship, \Vyoming, and used in regular black discs to his head, the discs resting traffic. tightly over the ears, spreading them out "In fact," states a naval report, "some to a considerable extent. The enlarged results were unexpected, such as ability finger tips were due to a continual twisting to receive on the same vessel, during of several knobs on the front of an oblong­ full power operation of this tube, rating shaped box to which the black discs about 5K\V." Numerous broadcasting were attached by a green cord. Small stations transmitting on 40J meters lights in the box glowed dull red and were tuned in in the auxiliary radio room, occasionally the glow would cease, causing while the big transmitter, installed in the bug to become greatly enraged. the main radio room, was supplying Another peculiar characteristic of the thirty-six amperes to the main antenn:l new bug is its strange chatter, of which on a wave length of 507 meters. The the major note sounds somewhat like receiving set in the auxiliary room was KYW, KDKA, heterodyne, regenerative, equipped with an amplifier, consisting frequency and tuning in. Several months of three stages of radio-freq uency and a fter the discovery of the first bug, the two stages of audio-frequency. scientists found that the entire country "This condition allows duplex com­ was literally infested with vast hordes munication, which has actually been of these bugs, and learned that whenever put in practice on the Wyoming and will / two of them were together, and one of be further developed on the Colorado them made the tuning in noise, a quarrel and West Virginia," the report states.

Radio"station 9-CEX, with a range of from fifty to seventy-five miles. It was m.ade by E. W. AI?plebaum, ?f the IllinoisIFixture & Electric Supply Co., Chicago, and is said to be the smallest hcensed and registered radIO 'itation. (U&U Foto). RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" 23

"Radio Central" In Radio Central a busy scene con- fronts a visitor; some keys are clicking By CARL H. BUTMAN and some of the operators are typing Washington, D. C.-The sign over the messages from distant stations. Mes­ WHY TAKE CHANCES door reads: "Radio C(:ntr~ ! -No Ad- sengers come and go with dispatches mittance," but accredited corrv'pondents from Government Officials to our repre­ may look around the new radi,) central' sentatives in foreign countries and our WITH INFERIOR office of the Naval Communication service ships in the seven seas. in Washington, if they keep quiet. The long land line formerly used be- It is located in the big naval building tween the old receiving station at Bar APPARATUS? at Nineteenth and B Streets, near the Harbor and the Washington office, has Lincoln Memorial-sixth wing, second been discontinued at a large annual The successful operation of floor rear, to be exact-and is approached saving. Bar Harbor is now a coastal your set depends largely on the through the several offices of the Com- and compass station and handles no quality of the parts used in it. munication service, one of which is that long distance messages, although the of Rear Admiral Ziegmeier. equipment is left in place in the event One poC?r part may mean From this office issue all naval radio of emergencies or war requirements. trouble and the quality of messages from the capital, the trans- Washington is literally the naval radio every part used should be mitters at Arlington, Annapolis, Sayville, central for the country today. and several smaller stations are can- carefully investigated before trolled directly from keys installed here. buying. Annapolis and Sayville are high-powered, Radio at Shrine trans-continental and trans-oceanic sta­ NA7/0NAL tions, and Arlington, which is a link in Convention the long costal chain, is used for medium Radio, like practically every other Audio Transformers distant communication with Norfolk, activity, took part in entertaining the Charleston, Key West, New Orleans Shriners at the Nation's Capital last Assure Perfect and Guantanamo and ships at sea, over week. Among the features was the recep­ spark, arc and tube sets. tion and amplification by a receiver in Amplification Long distance reception from the many the Garden of Allah of a broadcast outlying stations of the naval chain message from the President read by an is secured through six big receiving sets, aviator in a plane flying over the parade. known as RB type tube receivers, located A local engineer installed a receiving in six separate rooms in different sections set and a large loud speaker on the roof on the third floor of the naval building. of the Albee Building. This apparatus From these sets, le'ads run to the central amplified music and other matter picked switchboard and as many operating up from nearby broadcasters. desks in the central office. The RB Part of the Army's night parade ex­ receivers pick up the messages on eight­ hibit was the miniature radio controlled foot loops installed directly overhead cart, made by the Dayton Air Station, on the roof of the building. These coils which was operated from an auto some are directional and may be rotated distance in the rear. from the rooms below by a rod when NAA put on special programs for local tuning in. Each set is put in operation, consumption and events scheduled for watched and shut down by a monitor en­ the convention were broadcasted on gineer who makes continual rounds of the opening day. six separate rOoms. A continuous watch Many visitors were fooled by the loud Tested and Approved is kept on these large sets, each covering speakers, erected along the Aven ue by By Radio Age a special station. One listens in on San the local telephone company for a mplify­ Diego on 9,800 meters; a nother for ing dance music played in an auditorium Institute San Francisco on 10,500; a third on Sa n a nd relayed by wire to the many horns; Juan on 8,785; a fourth for Balboa on it sounded something like radio but When buying transformers be sure 7,000; number five on French stations was actually wire telephonic trans mis­ you get National. This trans­ on 15,000 and number six is used for sion from local sources. former has a long successful record emergency, and experimental work and behind it. It has been tested by ships. Each inside wire leads from the Mr. F. D. Pearne of the Radio Age switch board to the operator's desk, Proper Antenna for Tuning Institute and many other leading where phones, typewriters and trans­ radio aut.horities in laboratories (Continued from page 8.) throughout the country and has been mitting keys are installed. distant one, the signal from which The efforts of the naval communica­ approved by them as being a product which they are willing to recom­ tion service are for reliabilty and effi­ would, of course, be very much mend to those wishing a high quali­ ciency in handling messages, and the weaker than that from the nearby ty transformer . You are therefore sets and operators work on certain cir­ station. For the first condition, it wi ll be found that with the average playing safe when you use the cuits all the time. National in your set. Two shorter wave sets, of SE 1420-C regenerative r e c e i ve r, amp I e Give equally good resul ts in any cir­ type, are installed in the central office, strength will be obtained from an cuit wherever an audio frequency being connected with aerials on the roof antenna which is not over ten or transformer is to be used. Can be above. These sets are used for receiving fifteen feet high, or it may even be used on any stage of amplification and neighboring stations and ships on the entirely within an ordinary living­ with any type of tube. Atlantic. room. The second condition, how­ Price $4.00 Postpaid ever, is a much more severe one ~ :r:;r: ~r' r::::::-::::::e Get them from your dealer. IC he and requires either a location where hasn't them in stock send your order CHARGE YOUR BflTTERY antenna of not over fifteen or twenty direct to us giving your dealer's name. ROIO OR AUTO) feet high will not be unduly shielded, atHOME ForaNICKEL NATIONAL TRANSFORMER TfwHOMCHARGER Or where the lesser selectivity of a POPULARLY PRICEO- PAYS FOR ITSELF' high antenna will be counter-bal­ MANUFACTURING CO. THE ELECTRICAL CO.-­ 154 Whiting St. Chicago, ID. OHIO anced by a more elaborate and se­ lective receiving set. L-______24 RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" Old Doctor Radio Receiver Enclosed in Glass " Doctor, I'm so restless. Can't have something t o put me to sleep?" " Certainly, but not morphine. Let's t ry a concert instead." The doct or fix es a headpiece over the pa tient's ears, tunes up the radio to catch a ny music that may be in the a ir a ny wh ere fro m New H a mpshire to Ari­ zona , a nd bids t he suffering one good­ night. Interest , enjoy ment and drowsiness come. Then sleep. Ra dio has acted as a soothing sy rup, as a narcotic. It has taken the place of a sleeping potion. Such a picture will be a common one in Beth Israel Hospital down on the East Side in a very few da ys. Ra dio receiving sets are being in­ st alled beside everyone of the 150 beds in the first known attempt to substitute harmless a ir music for narcotics. The atte mpt is a recognition of the importance of radio to the medical science. And the very poor of New York's teeming thousa nds, men and women and children who can't afford to pay for a THE French Batt ery and Carbon set springs from 1'1r. Graves' association doct or, will get the benefit of this newest Company has the distinction of hav­ several years ago with a business in of hospital innovations. ing in its employ Chief Designer John Milwaukee which made glass window Louis J. Fra nk, superintendent of Graves, who has conceived and built a display fi xtures. "It was while a ttempt­ the institution, is keen on the idea. radio receiving set of glass with two steps ing to cut down t he expense of drilling He said today: of audio frequency. The set operates holes through the plate glass used in "Ra dio is bound to reduce the use of with 3 WD-ll tubes on a N umber 1261B ma king these fixtures," states Mr. narcotics, as we expect to operate it Ray-O-Vac "A" Battery and 3 No. Graves, "that I discovered a solution, here. It will have the effect of t aking 2151 Ray-O-Vac "B" Batteries on the ' through the usc of which, I could drill the patients' minds off themselves. That plate circuit. these - holes myself without danger of wiII reduce nervousness, wakefulness and This unusual set of glass is the eighth breaking the plates and at one-tenth the pain. radio set M r. Graves ha s built. Several previous cost. With my solution, plate "Staring at blank walls during illness years ago when radio was first coming glass can be put into a lathe, if necessary and convalescence is enough to drive one into genera l use, Mr. Graves designed a nd turned without danger of breakage. mad. Certainly it does not make for a nd built a set wi;th the navy type loose It holds the edge of the tool to the glass rapid recovery. Books help some to di­ coupler a nd a Remler Detector Panel. and makes a clean cut job." vert the mind, but music fi xes the atten­ With this set only a very few stations There are 54 holes drilled through th tion and interest and finally lulls one to were heard, chief among them being the glass used in the set varying in diamet (> sleep." U niversity of Wisconsin Broadcasting from 3-16 to 3-8 of an inch. Each h M The sets will be powerful enough station at Madison. required from 10 to 12 minutes for drill­ to catch music from any part of the Foll owing sets were fashioned with ing. Ordinary twist drills were used. country. And at no hour of the day or the other " hook-up" a ll of them being of The set is 26 inches long, 9 inches high night will there be a dull radio moment, two steps of a udio frequency. Fellow and 6 inches deep. if the instruments are in tune. Mr. workers at the French Battery a nd With the set Mr. Graves reports having Frank said: Carbon Compa ny were fortunate in tuned into more than one hundred and " The medical profession is getting having Mr. Graves build sets for their fifty stations among them being the further and further away from the use of use, a ll of them operating perfectly largest stations in the United States, drugs. There are all sorts of treatments today. Canada, Cuba a nd Porto Rico.-[Ray­ for various diseases that do not include The idea for t he building of his glass O-Lite News. medicines. And we are sure that our experiment in the radio soothing syrup ing for news of t he result of the exp~ ri­ will be a decided step forward in the same ment. Naval Operators Very few nava l officers assigned to direction." They are a nxious to know what amount communication duties are efficient radio H eadpieces instead of horns wi ll of narcotics will be eliminated.-[Cor­ operators, according to naval records. be used so t hat each patient may have rinne Rich in New York American. An officer assigned to such duty should his individual concert without disturbing consider it his first d 11 ty to learn at once a n y of the others. There are only wards the code, and after mastering it, a few in Beth Israel and a horn of the old hours listening in each day with an p honograph variety placed among twenty Vienna Station experienced operator, will soon enable or thirty persons would arrest the atten­ The Marconi Company has taken him to operate. Only by this method tion of them all, sometimes with un­ over the Austria n Government radio can a n officer acquire firsthand informa­ pleasant results. station at Laaerburg, just outside of tIOn regarding the efficiency of his opera­ M r. F ran k expl ained: Vienna. This h.lS necessitated negotia­ tors in transmitting and in the observ­ " There will reall y be two receiving sets tions between that company and repre­ ance of procedure, communication, of­ by each bed," M r. F ra nk said, " so that sentatives of the Naval Communication ficials say. each patien t may exercise choice over the Service, regarding charges for traffic selection of a programme." handled in the future for the Naval Send $1.00 to Radio Age, 5(10 N. Meanwhile, the present patients in Communication Service. This sta tion Dearborn St., Chicago, and receive t he institution are hoping they will still has formed since the war, a link in the this middle-west radio periodical be there when t he first concert is caugh t. naval communication service in Europe, for six months. Regular subscrip­ And hospitals over t he country are wait- from Pa ris to Constantinople. tion price is $2.50 a year. RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" 25 What Does the Radio Public Want? By WILLIAM H. EASTON Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company F THE radio audience could of its audience. The complaints formula, "Every day in every way I realize sqme of the problems that soon begin to come in. Curiously we are getting better and better." have to be solved by those who are enough, they are all to the effect But no one realizes more fully how engaged in preparing the programs, that the programs are getting so much more must be done in order to they would, I am sure, not only poor. This is not the case. They continue t o preserve the good opin­ sympathize with them but would are just as good as ever; but the ion of the radio audience. wonder how - they preserve their taste of the audience has improved. T he third important fact that de­ sanity. No one before has ever had I t is for this reason that KD K A velops from the correspondence is, to entertain a million or so people is experimenting so constantly in interference must be eliminated. every night; and consequently those every direction. Its engineers are Not only must the audience be able who have undertaken this simple incessantly striving for better tone t o hear this station clearly and dis­ little task have had to stumble reproduction and for the elimina­ tinctly whenever they wish to hear along as best they could learning as tion of unpleasant noises. Its pro­ it, but they must also be at perfect they go and profiting wherever pos­ gram staff is incessantly working liberty t o eliminate its signals and sible by their mistakes. They are, for better artistic effects and for en­ receive equall y clearly the program however, exceedingly fortunate in tirely new features. They began to some other st ation that may, for having an audience that tells them with the phonograph; then intro­ the moment, please them better . frankly just what it thinks about duced artists and speakers in per­ This is their most serious problem their efforts; and with the hundreds son; then went outside of the studio at present. of letters that reach them daily as a for church services, important meet­ The great increase in the number guide they have been able to work ings, symphony concerts, operas, of stations has filled the other with with some degree of certainty. and sporting events ; and recently chaos and confusion and if t his is The first rule that the letters lay established an orchestra so that in­ not remedied broadcasting will die down is: Give the radio public in­ cidental music could be rendered in out. The government, the radio en­ finite variety. If you were to open the besf possible m anner. Thus, in gineers, and those broadcasting sta­ their mail some morning, the first accordance with the well-known tions that are interested in radio for letter would probably say, "I en­ joyed your concert so much last night. That's right; give us more good music and do away with those How to Get the Most execrable popular selections." . Then the second letter would say, "For the love of Mike, cut out the U p­ roar and give us good old American Out of OneTube Jazz." Letter number three would ,.----...... + 1'1'1'1'1 '1'1'1,1'1'1'1'1'1'1'1'1'1'1'1'1'111'1'1'1'1'- read as follows: "Prof. Simpkins' 90 10 13S Vole a..B ~lHeT Y address on the Color of Cats was the most interesting speech I ever listened to" ; and letter number four would state, "Why do you afflict 11111 s your audience with such stupid stuff as the talk on cats? I hung up my receiver in. disgust." With testimony like this it is quite Duo- R e fl ex s implicity assures n eat. compact, cabi­ evident that it is very difficult to net installation. D e ta iled blue prin ts are on sa le by - '1'111' + 6oVoir A. Ban.ry satisfy everybody all the time. The dealers at 25c p er se t only thing to be done, is to draw from the entire field of music, lit­ erature, science, politics, culture, Use Duo--Re/lex Hook-- Up hygiene, and religion, and thus please everyone at least part of the and Erla Transformers time. Consequently, those who do You will never know the full range and power of a single not like jazz music must bear in tube until you have operated Duo-Reflex, the most power­ mind that many will listen to noth­ ful single-tube circui t ever built. ing else; while those who do not Under conditions at a ll favorable, a wide compass of sta­ like speeches must remember that tions is brought in through a loud speaker, and headphones extend the range from coast to coast. a very large number of radio listen­ ers are isolated or are invalids, and Especially designed for Duo-Reflex, and the m a jor essentia l Erla radio frequency trans­ of its power is the Erla radio frequency reflex tra nsformer, absolutely depend upon radio for formers m ain tain unequaled one of the greatest improvements in years. their contact with the outside world. amplification ove r a wave­ band of 200 to 900 me ters. Complete instructions for building Duo-R eflex are given in The second point that the letters AB I. 2. 3. $4. Reflex, $5 Erla Bulletin No. 13, obtainable gra tis from leading radio prove is, there must be constant Dealers and Jobbers­ dealers. Or write us, giving your dea ler's name. Erla leadership in research improvement in broadcasting both paves the way to increased sales. Jobbers-write for our Electrical Research Laboratories technically and artistically. No sta­ liberaf terms and discounts tion can maintain its programs on a £fftA D ept. M 2515 Michigan Ave., Chicago dead level and retain the interest ..s- • - ...%- ;; .,._... '7-, __ .. IE [I; 'IE%- ,-S- ;:-rJ ...- .. 26 RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" its own sake, and not for selfish reasons, are struggling with it val­ Uncle Joe Cannon a Radio Fan iantly. Though the situation may at times look hopeless, one should not forget that worse troubles than -this have been smoothed out. Broadcasting is only an infant. If it develops as rapidly within the next two years as it has in the past two (and there is every reason to believe that it will) interference will disappear; trivial programs will make way for those of real interest and importance; and it will be pos­ sible to hear not only the large American stations, clearly and dis­ tinctly, almost anywhere in the United States, but stations in Lon­ don, Paris and Rome as well. Uncle Joe Cannon, listening to his first concert on his new radio set given to him by the Westinghouse Company Cornered by Radio on his 87th birthday. Radio has invaded the country grocery store. Round-the-stove conferences, once Q UTOf politics forever and back to the "That's better," he said, crossing his devoted to the discussion of national routine of his old home town, Uncle legs settling more comfortably in his political issues, have been suspended in Joe Cannon, Speaker in the House of Rep­ chair and enjoying it for some time. He favor of radio broadcast entertainment, resentatives for many years, will keep in gave every indication of becoming a addresses and sermons. touch with the outside world by means real radio fan. of radio and learn what the law makers at A sermon delivered by the Rev. Dr. "That woman has a good voice, yes, a Washington are doing. He became a Philip Frick, pastor of the First Metho­ remarkable voice hasn't she?" he in­ fan when the Westinghouse Electric & dist Church in Schenectady, N. Y., was quired of a group of newspaper men, Manufacturing Company presented him broadcast by WGY, the General Electric camera men and members of his family with a complete radio set on the occasion Compa ny station. Dr. Frick received gathered near him. Then he smiled as of his eighty-seventh birthday which was t he following letter from "Bill" Daven­ he realized that none but he had heard. . celebrated in Danville, Ill., on May 7. port, of Hillside Farm, Jefferson, New The outfit has been installed in his home "vVhat was it, grand opera?" inquired Hampshire: and he is already a constant listener to one of the newspaper men. "My Dear Sir: the programs broad casted all Over the "You will see by the heading of this "-es," replied Mr. Cannon, "I think country. After the set was installed letter, I am 'way up in the White Hills, that's· what you would call it. It was and Uncle Joe was instructed on its right under Mount Washington. Today. . very good." operation he immediately settled down Sunday, I had occasion to go to the store to enjoy its use. Although the radio set was only one of F. O. Giddon and while there I heard a Mr. Cannon listened for a time and of a number of gifts received by Uncle sermon preached by you, which I en­ then said: "There's an effort on the Joe, he seemed to take the most pride joyed very much. In fact it is the first part of someone to talk and an effort in his radio set. one I have heard in thirty-five years. So on the part of my ears to hear, but The set was installed on his birthday you will see I am not much of a church­ nothing else." by C. E. Butler radio service manager goer, and to think you, away off in New He was shown how to make finer of the Westinghouse Chicago office who York, should be the first one to catch me. adjustments, caught voices then music, made a special trip to Danville to see The sermon was very distinct and the grand opera. that the set was properly erected. singing was fine. In our little town we have three churches, but there are quite a few of us old hardshells who rather go Radio Letters from Wireless Phone, Sl)ip t o the store and discuss whatever has Latvia to Shore t ranspired through the week. The Latvian Main Post and Telegraph The United Steamship Company of "I just wish you CQuid have looked in Administration announces that radio Copenhagen, Denmark, plans to install on t he bunch while you were preaching. letters to the United States may be filed wireless telephone equipment on all We were all held spellbound. You could at all Latvian telegraph offices. The boats plying between Copenhagen and have heard a pin drop anywhere in the letters will be mailed to Berlin, whence the provincial harbors for the traveling room. they will be transmitted by wireless to public's convenience. Travelers will be "Hope you will not think we all are New York, and from there to the ad­ able to secure direct communication, heathens up here in the mountains. dresses by post. through the land telephone service, with should be very glad, if you ever came The letters must contain text in their own homes or offices, similar to this way, to have you for my guest for a English, French or German. the service planned for the U. S. Ship few days. Hoping that I may be able The charges for radio letters are 35 LEVIATHAN. t o hear a not her one of your sermons, centimes per word, plus 1 lat (equal to 1 ------I remain--." French franc) ground fee per wire. Canary Islands Con- sidering Wireless ZiegemeierTransferred Prices Too High Vice Consul Phelan, in the Canary Rear Admiral Henry J. Zeigemeier, American radio manufacturers ask Islands, reports active discussion in the Direct or of Na val Communications, too much for their radio apparatus and Cabildo Insular de Teneriffe of a pro­ a nd one of the foremost experts of the materials to secure the Dutch trade, posal to establish in the near future navy, has been detailed to command the according to Consul Mahin, at Amster­ wireless telephone stations at the var­ Norfolk navy yard. His successor as dam. Competition from other countries, ious islands of the Archipelago. The Director of Naval Communications has especially Germany, is reported to pro­ present cable service between the islands not been na med, but it is stated that hibit Dutch interests doing business with has been very inefficient and has given Commander D. C. Bingha m, Assista nt American exporters although the demand rise to the suggestion of using wireless Director, will be acting chief. for r~ dio telephone sets is g()od in Holland. tele}:>hony. RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" 27

The successful use of radio in the Radio Pays a Debt Alexanderson cas e has convincingly Radio has paid part of the debt which proved the value of radio broadcasting T'his "United" it owes to the genius of E. F. W. Alex­ as a publicity factor, when far-reaching anderson, chief engineer of the Radio results are desired in a short time. WGY Corporation of America and a consulting announced the kidnapping within two Audio Frequency engineer of the General Electric Com­ hours after it had been reported to the pany. police. Other broadcasting stations Amplifying Monday, April 30, Verner, six-ye a r-~old joined their voices to the voice of WGY, son of Dr. Alexanderson, was lured from and the story, with descriptions of the Transformer his home by the promise of a gift of missing boy and kidnapper, went out rabbits, and kidnapped. The police had over the entire country. Radio fans Is a little "gem" of radio practically no clues on which to work; everywhere were enlisted in the search. engineering-magnetically in spite of the active work and close The newspapers kept them posted on the cooperation of newspapers, police and progress of the case and also furnished shielded, Ratio 5 to I-a radio broadcasting stations, the case them with pictures of the boy. Through :vonder-worker in produc­ appeared to be at a standstill and the Hudson Maxim, the members of the Ing loud, clear-toned sig­ whereabouts of the boy remained a Amateur Radio Relay League took up mystery for three days. the case and hundreds of spark sets nals, froLl any distance. At Bert Jarvis, of Theresa, a Jefferson flashed the story through the air. your dealer's. $4.50 Dr. Alexanderson made a personal County, N. Y., village of a thousand inhabitants, listening in Monday night appeal from the Schenect_aJIy broad­ on his homemade radio set, heard \VGY, casting station and after the boy had been found he again addressed the radio the Schenectady radio broadcasting sta­ tion of the General Electric Company, audience, thanking all for their interest, announce the kidnapping. Jarvis rents sympathy and assistance. He placed boats to fishermen and acts as caretaker special emphasis on the cooperation of for numerous summer cottages in the press and police. Dr. Alexanderson has done much for vicinity of Theresa. A few days before the kidnapping he had rented an isolated radio, but the engineer feels that radio cottage to a man who was bringing his has more than repaid him for his work, family up from ti)e city for the season. for it has restored happiness to his home. After hearing the radio description of missing boy and kidnapper, Jarvis' "United" variable () n­ suspicions were aroused. Tuesday, he At Goteborg Fair densers have a new vernier met the owner of the cottage and asked him who had taken possession. The Radio will have an important place in dial assembly, original owner explained that it was only an old the International Aero Exhibition at with us, that makes fine woman, a little boy and one man. Goteborg, Sweden, during July and Au­ tuning a joy. It so happened that the man,': when gust, according to dispatches from Consul renting the cottage, had said he was Sholes to the Department of Commerce. going to bring his daughter. Jarvis' A special radio section is under prepara­ suspicions grew, and Wednesday he tion, and several foreign and American decided to ride out to the vicinity of the firms are expected to exhibit apparatus, cottage in his motorboat. He stopped especially radio sets suitable for inter­ at the cottage and asked the old woman plane and plane to ground communica­ who came to the door for a drink of tion. water. He entered the house and saw a A feature of unusual interest will be child on the bed. Jarvis returned to the the daily receipt of news by radio from cottage later and asked for candle­ the United States for the American wicking for his motor. On this visit he visitors at the exposition. Through the waved to the boy ann the boy waved cooperation of a Swedish-American News at him. Association and the Naval Communica­ Thursday morning Jarvis sa w a photo­ tion Service, NAA will broadcast daily graph of the kidnapped child in the five hundred words of home news. Syracuse Post Standard and this picture tallied with the boy of the cottage. Now sure of his ground, he reported to the deputy sheriff and a few hours later Moving Trains 43 plate...... _... $6.50 5 plate ...... _$5.00 Verner Alexanderson talked over the Germany recently had a demonstra­ 23 plate ...... 6.00 3 plate.. _ ...... 4.75 long distance telephone to his father tion of wireless telephonic communica­ 11 plate ...... 5.50 Postpaid a nd mother. tion between a moving train a nd ordinary Vernier alone can be attaohed to any receiving a nd transmitting stations, ac­ plate condenser by drilling 1 hole, $2.50 cording to Consul Richardson, at Berlin. Messages were excha nged between the Show this ad to your Dealel and ask President and officials of the government him to supply your needs at the above in Berlin and other officials on a train prices. If he cannot do so, remit to us Here'syouropportunity. Radioneeds direct, under our money-back guaran­ y~u. Win sl!ccess in this fascinating field. moving at thirty miles an hour, half-wa; teo and give us name and address of Trained men In ~emand at highest salaries. between Berlin a nd Hamburg, by means 'Learn at home, In your spare time. Dealer you wish to favor. of the Huth system. This system is a Be a Radio Expert combination of wireless and wire trans­ , I wi\l tTai~ YOU, quickly and eilsily, to design. mission. The sending apparatus was UNITED MFG. AND ~~IiS!flu~rr:.~s~fIRa3l'oe!~~r:~g:,'rM;n;!~~~tt!~~ installed in a compartment on the train DISTRIBUTING CO. are tbe most successful in existence. Learn to earn and the antenna rigged over the tops of 9705 Cottage Grove Ave., CHICAGO, ILL. $1,800 to $10,000 a Year two cars. The line telegraph wires NEW YORK OFFICE F R E E Wond~rf.ul, bome·construction. tube . .. r e eel VI n g set, of latest design. along the track a re said to have picked 50 Church St., New York, N. Y. WrIte for !fad1o Facts" !ree. Engineer Mohaupt. up the messages a nd transmitted them American Electrical Association SAN FRANCISCO OFFICE Dept. 000 4513 Ravenswood Ave., Chicaeo to Berlin, where the line was connected 700 MISSion St., San Francisco, Cal. with a receiving set. 28 RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" Fooling the Broad- dollar that if these broadcasters don't fa ll asleep they will be collectin' from 592 Broadcasters caster? the publishers instead of payin' them. Washington, D . C.-R adio broadcast­ 01\IE snappy comments on the efforts " \Vhy, even now two of the big ones ing stations total 592, according t o a S of the music publishers and com­ a re tellill' their professiona l department recent Department of Co m merce survey. posers to ma ke it a ppear that they really to get ready; that they got to go aroun' Of this number , 11 3 are cl ass A stations, a nd truly beli eye broadcasting hurts the' country puttin' on progra ms fo r t hirty-six high-powered cl ass B sta tions, the sale of their music are contained in a broad casters. Of course they wi ll make 1 K D K A, designated as a broadcasting recent issue of "Gossip on The Rilato," it look like they are doin' t he radio men development st ation , a nd the balance, of ~ew York. The article fo ll ows: a big favor. It's a sacrifice b unt t hey're 442, cl ass C, operat ing on 360 meters. goin' to try to turn into a two-bagger. Man y old stations grouped tem­ " The broadcasters certainly are a fine It's fun to wa tch the p lugs. T hey've porarily as class C a nd directed to opera te bunch of dumbells. Here t hey a re bluffed a few radios. But t he wise onl y on 360 meters, ha ve been reclassi­ fightin' the society of composers, a u­ guys a in 't bein' bluffed a-tall , a-ta ll. fi ed as A stations a nd assigned special thors and publishers because t he so­ They make bums of song writers b ut district waves. There remain 442 in ciety is tryin' to pick some berries I ' m bettin ' m y last bean t hey a in't goin' this cl ass today, either awaiting new where berries a in't growin'. But the to ma ke no b um out of a radio." wave lengths or satisfi ed to continue on publishers are ma kin' boobs out 0' 360 met ers. New stations, however , t hem. They can give them broad casters are still coming in, a bout thirty being the best cards in the cIeek ad still take Fans Hit a Snag a dded in t he last thirty days, while t he money. 1\o\\", thi3 IS the way it Many radio b roadcasting fa ns have twenty dropped out. works: been experiencing difficulty in tuning in D uring the week ending May 28, four " The broadcasters won't pay for sing­ stat ions since the reall ocation of wave new A stations were licensed ; one each ers and orchestras, so they go aroun' lengths on May 15. in Pennsylvania a nd South Dakota, a nd gettin' the kind of birds that performs It is not surprising that trouble of t his two in Colorado. Fourteen C stations for nothin' and think they're gettin ' kin d has arisen among many of t he were tra nsferred fro m class C during the a way with it. These publishers ain't li steners, who had become quite profi cient week ending l\1ay 26. asleep ; they got their ears to the ground in tu ning to t he old wave lengths used a ll the time. When a big broadcast er by the various stations. I n some in ­ with a fat station wants a p retty, stances, the d ifficu lty lies in t he receiving Here's Evidence sweet-yoiced singer to sing for nothin', sets, wit h which t he trouble is being The R adio Age: who do you think a ppears on the scene? experienced, and many of t hem will h ~ve Am just in receipt of the june number Why, likely as not some good lookin' to have add itiona l wire add ed to t he of Ra dio Age. I notice with part icular outfit from the professiona l department t uning coils in order to reach t he longer interest the article in "Thought Waves of one of the big combinations. Does waves now being used by some of the stations. from the E ditorial Tower" a n art icle he say he is from a publi sher ? He does regarding Mr. Wendell H all, a nd also the not. And what do we find t his free In spite of t he d iffic ulty t hat some sen-ice artist singin'? W hy, the numbers are havin g, it is certain t hat a fter the expression of The American Societ y of Com'posers, Authors a nd Publishers, in that the publishers a re pluggin'. radio fa ns have become accustomed to t uning for t he new wave lengths, the that radio does not creat e a demand for "Or maybe the orchestra leader says service will be more satisfactory t ha n the songs a nd musical compositions. what da nce music he's goin' to play. He ever before. The writer happened to have a few of don't hear them when the radios want Some of the stations usin g higher his friends in one evening, perha ps two or their music shot out. And he's got a wave lengths are: WOC, Davenport, three mont hs ago and we were ,listening million reasons why he's goin' to play I owa; K I F, Los Angeles, Calif. ; KGW, to a very nice concert from KY'vV, the music of the publishers' combina­ Port land, Ore.; KPO, San Francisco, Chicago. T hat evening we heard Mr. tion. The public wants it, etc., etc., he Cali f.; KFDB, San Francisco, Calif. ; H all sing his "Mell ow Moon," a nd I says. Now you don't need no two WCX, Detroit, Mich.; WGM, Atla nta, believe one other piece; I don't re me mber guesses what the real reason is. Ga.; WHB, Kansas City, Mo.; W I P, the na me. H owever, that was the fi rst "Take this 'banana' song. Vou know Philadelphia, Pa.; W j Z, New York time any of us had heard that particular the one I mean, call ed 'Yes, we have City; WMC, Memphis, Tenn.; WBAP, piece, a nd I personall y know t hat it no' bana nas.' It's one of them hit-and ­ Ft. Worth, Texas; WCAE, P ittsburgh , caused the sale of three Edison records get-a way things that must be plugged Pa.; WDAF, Kansas City, Mo.; WEAF, a nd fi ve copies for the piano, just from our in a hurry. What did we find a ll last New York City; WFAA, Dall as, Texas; own home that evening. It see ms to week, a nd the week before? T he onl y WjAZ, Chicago, III. ; WLAG, M in­ me that this is conclusive proof that t he thing you could get out of t he air was neapolis, M in n.; WMAQ, Chicgo, III.; radio absolutely sold every one of t hese 'bana nas.' WSB, Atlanta, Ga., a nd WWV, Detroit, numbers. (It might have been M r. Michigan. H aU's voice, however, as it was just as " It is certainly a great game, these good as if he had been in our own home.) publishers c1aimin' that radio don't Any way the sales were mad e t hrough popularize music, a nd then find in' an Unique Exhibit radio broa dcast openin' in the broadcasters fightin' pro­ "Takin g Broadway wit h hi m," was Yours t ruly, gram and puttin' t heir own things over well ill ustrated by a recent exhibit which ALLEN TOOMEY, at the expense of the broadcasters, and Lyon and H ealy had at t he Outdoor a nd Spearfish, S. Dak. t hen not knowin' it. These birds know Sportsman show at the Coliseum, in that radio can work up a hit quicker Chicago, during May. t han a ll their pluggers put together. The Chicago music house used an You are goin' to see t he publishers fall­ elaborate setting, which was a reproduc­ Mr. Haws to Europe in' one at a time. They will pay to tion of a bit of woodland scenery. The R. Calvert Haws, Vice President and haye their things plu gged throug h the effect was very artisticall y worked out. Genera l Manager of t he S human-Haws air before they get through. An interesting feature of the display Advertising Compa ny, C hicago, is visit­ " It makes me la ugh to see the way was a twelve-foot waterfall. T his fed ing E ngla nd a nd the co nt inent in order, they work. First they are goin' to the miniature stream ill ustrated. p ri marily, to make a fi rsthand study of make the broadcasters pay. Yes, they The dummy of the sportsman attracted E uropean radio in d ustries a nd markets. are-not. Try a nd get it. Then they favorable comment fr0111 men who know W hile abroad, he 'W ill secure European offer li censes free. And they sneak in the joys of fishing connect io ns fo r radio clients of his their professionals on radio programs. The exhibit was given over to radio. agency a nd will a lso seek to arra nge for Wel l, it is only a step to come out in Lyon a nd Healy displayed its new port­ A merica n ou tlets for such meritorious the open and ask to have their stuff ahle outfit and got over very effecLivrI y E u ropean radio apparatus as he may plugged over t he air, a nd I bet my last its sales message encounter. RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" 29 Complete Corrected List of U. S. and Canadian Broadcasting Stations Complete Each Issue HE list of broadcasting stations on these pages is brought up to date each month by additions of new stations and deletion of those which have suspended operation. The list T is the product of a vast volum~ of correspo!lde?ce and. its completeness is d.ue in large measure to the assistance of our specIal news servIce m Washmgton, D. C. SuggestIOns. correc­ tions and additional data will be welcomed from readers. Broadcasters: Send in your program schedules.

Wave lengths assigned to stations by the Department of Commerce, so far as the announced, will be found in a table on another page. IXAD. Pawtucket. B. I. 1000 miles: Special license experimental: Standard Radio KF HA. Ounnlson. Colo.: Colorado State Normal SchOOl. KFHB. Hood Rher. Oregon; P. L. BoardweIJ. K D KA~ :'I,;;m~bu~~: Pa.: Class B station Westinghouse Elec. & 11,[(g Co. KF H D. St. Joseph. Mo. ; 226 meters. 10 watts; Utz Electrlo Co. KDOW, Steam shill America. Ne'IJ York. KFHF. Shreveport. La 266 meters. 150 watta: Central ChrIstian Chu~h. KDPM. Cleveland. OhIo: Weatlnghouse Elee. & Hlg. Ceo KFHR. Seattie. Wash; Star Elect & Radio Co; 270 meters : 100 watts. KDYL. Salt Lake Clt7. Utah: new. muale. entertainment. Telegram Publlahlng Ce. K DYM. San Diego. Cal.: Savoy Theatre: 252 meters 100 watts. ~:UI~·~~~~i~~y:ka':sa:ah;·:2 ~m~e~s~~~U~att.; Charles V. Dixon. K 0 Y Q. Portland. Or•. : Oregol1 11lI!. TechnoloD. KFHJ. Santa Barbara. CaUl., Fallon Co. KDYS. Great Falls. Mont.: Class B. Great Fans Tribune. K F H L. Oskaloosa. la.: 227 mp.ters, 10 watts: Penn College. KDYW. Phoenix. Allsona: SmIth HUllhe. & Co. KFHP. Kearney. Nebr: Radlo Bug P roducts Co; 246 meters : 10 watts. K0 YX. Honolulu. T. H: 12 :15 to 1 :15 P. m.. stock reports and weather: 6 :3O to KFID. Tola.. Kansas, 246 meters, 20 watts: Ross Arbuckle's Garage. . 7:30 II. m• • music. lectures: Sunday. 11 a. m. to 12:30 P. m.• sermons: Hon­ KFIQ. Yakima. Wash. : 224 meters. 50 watts: Yakima VaIJey Radio Broadcasting olulu Star-Bulletin. Ltd. Assocla tlon. KDZB. B&keralleld. Callt.: Frank •. SeUfert. KF I. Loe Angeles. Callt. : radlua cavers entire U. S. and Canada : Dal17. K DZE. SeatUe. Wash.: Rhodea Co. 6 :45 to 11 II. m. Sunday 10 to 11 a. m.• 4 to 4 :80 and 8 to 11 Il. m.: entertaln­ ment and educational teatures: station ollerates three remote ~ontrol ataUons : Earle K DZF. Loa ADllelee, CaUl.: Automobile Club of Southern CaUlomla. KDZG. San B'rane1seo. CaUl.: Cyrus Pierce &: Co. K~iB~~tonl:ouV:::' Mo.: 214 meters. 10 watts: Franklin W. JenkJns. K F IF. Portland. Ore. : Benson Tech. Student Body. ~ ~~IK, WR::~h;'~T.W~~wie,:;ctr~S~II~lY m ~oFrlda7 8 to 9 p m. Musical and new. KFIC. Denver. Colorado: 224 meters. IS watta; Ph1l1p Laskowttz. teatur.. ; Nenda State Journal. Neuda Kltchlnery &: Electric CO. KFIJ. Platte. S. D.: Sidney I. Thorean: 236 meters; 5 watts. KDZQ. Denver. Colo. Pyle & Nichols. 1241 BroadwllJ'. K F I K, Gladbrook. la: Gladbrook Electric Co: 234 meters : 20 watts. KDZR. Bellingham. Wash: 261 meters. 50 watts: Bellingham Pub. Co. KFID. Spokane. Wash.: North Central High School: 252 meters: 50 watts. K DZX. San Francloco. Callt.: Glad Ttdinga Tabernacle. K F J D. Greeiey. Colo. : Weld County Printing & Publishing Co: 236 meters: 100 watts. KFAD. Phoenix Ariz.: Class B. McArthur Bros. Mercantile Co. KFKH. Denver ' Park Amusement Co; Lakeside. Colo: 226 meters. 10 watts. ~~~~: ~~~~e~; · J:~Jo:S~!:r~:IIB~a :a:e-:,bl~!:;rn Radio CGrjloratJon: musical K F U. Gridiey. Cant.; The Prec1BIOI1 ShOll. programs. newa Items. ete.• da117 except Tueada7 and Sunda7. 8 ta 9 II m: mountain ~FGZB. s.r~;;,~. W~li.:. ~~~·~,.. ;.~~het!! ~1eg·: ~R117 : 7 to 9 II. m. (exce t Thursdu) standard time. News. SlIOrt bulleUne. leeturell. entertainment, weather. Ude tablee. be~tJme stories. time. etc.: Tacoma Dally Ledrer station operated by the William A. :alulJlna Eleetrle ~~~k ~~~. ~~~: U~:[:l!'S~~olorade. Co. KFAP. Butte. Mont.: Standard Pub. Ceo KGG. Portland. Ore.: Halloek & Wateon RadIo 8enlce. ~~~~: ~~,;:~~c~uj.?Mu~.8aJg~~::g Senlce Ceo te 9 :30 p m MuBlcal program : KFAT. Eugene. Ore. Monda7. WedneadaY and Saturda7 8 te 9 II m Mualc: Sunda, ~g~: ~~~e~. ~r:i.; f;~w= ::::;oS~:~; ' 8 8:30 te 9:15 Chuzch 8enleet: Paclllc Radio Co. KGU. Honolulu. Havrall. Waiklld Beach, Marlon A. MuJrone7: B ....luJu Adfewtl_ KFAU. BOise. Idaho: Class B, Boise High School. KG W. Portland, Ore. ; Oreconlan Pub. Co. KFAV, Venice. CaUl.: Abbott Klnne7 Co. ~'i!1: ~e:·lna:e~e;. S~aM~~%e,.I?:lle::ceJ~~u~da~~h:30 Il. m. to 1:15 II. KFAW. Santa Anna. Calif.: Class B. Radio Den. m. newa and concerts: 1 to 1:30 P. m. Children's Halt Hour : 8 to 9:30 P. m. De KFAY. Central Point. Ore.: W. J. VIrgin Mlllln, Ce. Luxe program of muslo. news and educational teatures: Sundar: 10 to 11 a. m. KFBB. Hane. :alont.: F. A. Buttre7 & Co. Scripture reading. sermon. llrayer and sacred musical Ilrogram; Paclfle Ume: Tlllle. ­ KFBC. San Dlero. Callt.: W. K. .&sbUl Mirror company. K F B D. Hanford. Callt.: Calltornia Radio Lab. K H Q. SeatUe. Wash.: Louie Wasmer. K F B E. San Loub Oblapo. Callt.: R. H. Hom. KJJ. SunD7s1de. Callt.: The Radio Shop. ~ ~ ~~: It:r'~el~a~~.: 1J~:m~~~~fc~~urch. ~j:: ~l';:'~~le~~11Jal1t.~·B~bl~i~I~: ot Lo. ADgele.. KF B K. Sacramento. Calli•• :.000 mil .. : da1l7. 8 to 4 p m and 8 te 8 :80 pm: Sun- ICLB. Pasadena. Callt.; J. J. Dunn &: Co. da7 and Thurada7 8 to 9 pm: Kimball-Upson Co. and Saeramento Union. KFDH. Tucson. ArIz.: Unh. ot ArIzona. KFBL. Everet.t. Wash.: Leese Rros. KLS, Oakland. Calif. : Warner BrOB. KFBU. J.aramis. Wyo.: N. R. Thomas. KLX. Oakland. CaUl.: TrIbune PUb. Ce. K FBC. Phoenix. Ariz.: Nielson !ladio Supply Co. KLZ, DenTer. Colo.: Cia.. B. 485. Ile7noldl Radl. C•. K FCD. Salem. Ore.: F. R. Rurt.in. K MAZ. :alaeon. Ga .• lIercer UniTerslt7. KFCF. WaUa wana. Wash.; Frank A. Moore. KFCH. Billings. Mont.: Elec. 8enlce Station. program. 8an :JoaQuin Llaht 6 KFCK. Colorado SPr!nIl •• Colo.: Colorado Springs Radle Ceo ~=~: ~~~~. 8::11:: J"';~~-7,:e~iie~:C~u.lcal KFCL, Los Angelea. Callt.; Loa Angel .. Union Stock Yards. K Wash. . LoT. Eleelrle Co.: Taeoma Time .. KFCM. Richmond. Callt.• RIchmond Radlo ShOll. &O~ei-a=·. KFCQ, Ca8jler. W70.: Motor Senlce Station. ~~~', E~~":l1~~~~ TM~xic:~I~oo mllea; ETery eTen1n ~ at 8 ; newe. weather KFCP. Ogden. Utah. Ralph W. FlYure. rellorta. etock market. concerts and sermona: Roswel1 Publle S1>nlee Ce. ~~g~: f:U~':~.1:~;·J::~~tr:~C~11ege. K N N. Lot Angelea. Callt.: Bullock •• KFOZ. Omaha. Nebr.: Omaha Central HIgh School. KNT. Aberdeen. Wuh.; North Coallt Produet. Co. KF DA. Baker. Ore.: Adier'lI lIusle Store. Co. K FOB. San Francisco. CaJit.: Mercantile Trust Co. ~~Yt ~ ~~:l::: 8:lff:; EIf:c~~oSlr:~rln~o'SujljllY K F DC. Silokane. Wash; nadio SUIlPly Co: 283 meters; 10 watts. ~~~. D~~=~~. ~C::l'i~ge:' Jf: ~e:": time signals and weather report! 12 noon KFDD. Boise. Idaho: St. Mlchael's Cathedral. and 10: II 111. mountain Ume: mu.le and lectures Monda7. Wedneada7 and J'rld&7. KFDO. Bozeman. Moot.; ETerett H. Cutting. 7 :30 to 8 :SO pm: New Mexico Collere et Agriculture and Mechanical Art•. KFDP. Des Moines. la.: Hawkeye Radio & SUPll17 Ceo K 0 E. Spokane. Wash.: SIIOkan. Chronicle. K F OS. San Francisco. Callt.: John D. McKee. K 0 p. Detroit. Mich.. Detroit PoUce Dept. KFDU, Lincoln. Nebr; Nebraska Radio & Elect. Co.: 240 meters: 20 watts. KDQ. Modesto. Callt.• Modeste Enning Ne'IJ8. KPD. San Francisco. Callt.• Hale Bros. ~~~~. ~~~~tt;!~e·S~~:; g~~eetatJ!u~~re CoUen ot Agriculture and Meehanleal Club. KlDrta: DenTer. Colo.: KnIght Campbell Music Ce. ~ &~. Bti::rIiT~:,ll~re~o~r ' Aotp~~~~':adlO KF OJ. Conams. Ore.: Oregon Agrl. College. ~g~. ~~~~::~c~tt:. ~c:.uab~.edt.7~~~ec . Co. ~~g~: ~~:;:~e'w';:'":"\v~'::r S~~l! g:;p. KRE. Berkele7. Callt.• Maxwel1 ElectrJo Co. I( F 0 ~ York. Nebraska: Bullock'. Hardware & SI>Or11ng Goad •. ~~

WAAM. Newark, N. J. 200 ~; mnsical &C d code ••,ery week da;r 11 te 11 : 5~ WEAQ. B erUn. N. n .. Y. M. C. A. a m, 8 to 4 Il m : Wednesday e,enIngs 8 te 9 : L R. Nelson Comllany. WEAR. Baltimore. Md.. Bait. American & News P ub. Co. WAAN. Columbia. J,(o. • Un1, . oC 1l1asoort. WEAS. Wa.sh1ngton, D. C .• Tbe Hecht Co. WAAP, WichIta. K ans.. UnIted E\ec. Co.: oUe W. Taylor. WEAU. Sioux City. Iowa. Dandson Bros. Co. WAA Q. Greenwlch. Conn .• Ne.. England 1l0t0r Sales C•. W EA V., RushnUe. Nebr., Sheridan Elec. Service Co. W AAS. Decatur. Ga.• Georgia Radio Co. WEAX, Little Rock. Ark.. T. J . M. Daly. WAAT, J ~ City. N. J., J~ ~. WAA W. Omaht.. :Seh .• Omaha Grain Exchange. WEAY, HOUBton. Texas, Will Horwitz. Jr. WA AY. Youngstown. Ohio. Yohrllng Rayner Musl.o Ce. WEAl. Waterloo. Iowa. Donald Redmond. WAAl. Emllorta. Kans.: Dayllte 100 miles: nIte 500-1000 mUea: eaeh Tuesday and WES. St. Louis. Mo .• The Benwood Co.• Inc. Thursday Crom 7 te 8 Il m. Acknowledge all communIcations at 7 :15 Il m. Th. WEH. Tulsa. Okla.• Midland Refining Co. H ollister MUier Motor Co. W A BA. Lake Forest. Ill: 266 meters. 100 watts; Lake Forest Collpgc. ~n~ . ~~u~ is:~~~' s~u~~f!· ~~l~.Elec. Co. WASB, Harrisburg. Pa: 266 meters. 10 watts: Dr. John B. Lawrence. W EW. St. Louis. 1.10 .. Market and weather reuorts at 9 a. m .. 10 a. m .. and WASCo Anderson. Ind: 299 meters. 10 watts. F ulwider-Grimes Battery Co. 2: Il m: no other re/: ular Ilrogram: St. Louis UnlTerslty. WASD. Dayton. Ohio: 286 meters. 10 watts; P arker Hlgh School. W EY, Wlohlta. K ansas. Cosradio Co. WASE. Washington. D . C : 283 met.ers. 50 watts: Y. M. C. A. WFAA. Dallas. Teu s. A. H. Belo & Co. WASF, 1.1t. Ve rnon. Ill: 234 meters. 250 watts: Mt. Vprnon Register-News Co. WFAW. MIami. Fla .• 1500 miles: 7:80 to 9 Il. m. concerte ineludlng Arthur l'r7or's WASG, Jacksonvllle, F la: Arnold Edwards P lano Co. 248 meters: 10 watts. Band eveninr:s and W. J. Bryan Sunda;r School. Sunday am: MIami Dally Metrovolll WASI. Bangor. Me : Bangor Railway and E lect. Co.; 240 meters; 50 watts. & Electrical EclulIlment Ceo WABJ. South Bend. I nd: The Radio Laboratories : 240 meters: 50 watts. WEAS. STBC\l8e. N. Y .. C. F. Woese. WAJT, Marshall. Mo .• Kelly-Vawter Jewelry Ce. WFAC. SUIlerior. Wis.• SUIlerlor Radio CO. WFAF. Poughkeellde. N. Y •• H. C. SIlratley Radle Co. :t~~·. Yl=~b~ ' ~ io!Rf3~~ e~~~~ r:too watts: Lake Shore Tire Co. ""FAG, Waterford, N. Y .. lladlo Englneerinr: Lab. WBAA. W. Larayette. Ind., P urdue UnIversity. WFAH. Port Arthur. Texas. Elec. ~IlI:f Co. WSA D. Mlnneavolls. W nn. • Sterllng Eloc. Co. & Journal Printlnll C •. W S A E. Peoria. 111. . Bradiey Polytechn1e Inst. t ~~k ~~~M~:: g~~~~~e El:::Ae:''c!~8trument Co. WBAF. Moorestown. N. J .• Fred M. W ddieoon. WFAM. St. Cl oud. Minn .• Granite City Elec. Co. and Times P ub. Co. WBAG. Bridgellort. P a .• Diamond State Fibre C• . W FAN. H utchInson. Minn.. Hutchinson Electric SerTlee Co. WBAM. New Orleans. La .. I. B. Rennyson. WFAQ. Cameron. Mo.• Cameron Radio Co. and 1l0. Wesleyan College. WBAN. Paterson. N. J .• Wireless Phone Corp. W FAT. Sioux F alls. S. Dal<.: also Argus-Leader. WBAO. Decatur. Ill.; 180 miles: occasional music: sermons: James MUllkln Unh. WFAV, Lincoln. Nebr.• UnIT. oC Nebr. Dellt. oC Eleo. Engineering. WSAP. Fort Worth. Tex. ; 4000 mUes: Markets and News: Feature concert WF Al. Oharl9llton. S. Carolina. 8. O. Radio ShOll. J,(onday to Friday Ineluslve : 9 :30 Il m to 10 :45 Il m. Central TilDe: Quiet nlghta W F I. PhlladelIlhIa, Penn.. also Strawbridge & ClothIer. Saturday and Sunday. Tne Star-Telegram. WGAC. Brooklyn. N. Y .• Orpheum Radio Stores 00. WSAQ. South Bend. Ind.• Myron L. Harmon. WGAD. EllB6nada. Porto Rico. SIlanlsb-Amerlean Sohool or Radio-telegrallby. WBAU . Hamilton. Ohio. ReIlubI1can PubUsh!ng Ce. WGF. Des Moines. Iowa 800 miles; Mudoal and entertainment Tueaday aDd J'r1~ WBAV. Columbus. Ohio. E'rner & HOIlkins Co. 7 :80 Il m: Church Sernoea Sunday at D Il m or ':45 II m &a annOWloed; Sveolal Dre­ WBAW. Marietta. OhIo : Marietta College : 216 meters : 100 watts. grams &a annonneed ReJl1ater and Tribune. WBAX. WtIkes-Barre. Pa., John H . Stenger. J r. WGAJ. Shenandoab. Iowa. W. H. Gass. WSSA, Newark. 0 . ; 240 meter. 20 watts: Newark Radio Lab. WGAL. Lancaster. P a. : Lancaster Elect. SUPIlly Co. 248 meters: 10 watts. WSSC. Sterling. Ill: 229 meter. 50 watts: Sterling Radio E Qui Ilment Co. WGAM. Orangeburg. S. 0., Orangeburlt Radio EQuIIl. Ceo WSSD. Reading. Pa; Barbey Battery Service : 224 meters : 50 watts. WGAN. Pensaoola, Fla.. Cecil E. Lloyd. WBL. Anthony. K ans : T & H Radio Co ; 261 meters : 100 watts. WBS. Newark. N. J .: Radius 500 mL: Musical and Educational. week dayS : 10:30 ~g~~: ~vtf~nh.L~k.~I~:U~e~ta~~.:it~. to 11 a. m.: 1 :00 to 1 :15 Il. m. ; 2 :15 to 2 :30 Il. m. : 7 :30 to 8 :30 Il. m.: Sundays: 9 WGAU, Wooster. Ohio; 226 meters. 20 watts: Marcus G. Limb. to 10:30 a m : 1 to 3 Il m: D. W. May. Inc. WST. Charlotte. N. C. 1200 miles: 11 : a m weather rellort 485: 4:30 Il m mechanical ~g~~. ~1~:~~'P~~"E~;~t ~dll'I~Jg ht. musle: 8 : Il m Market Rellort: 8:30 Tuesday and F riday rer;ular concert: 7 :30 Il WGAX. WashIngton Court House. OhIo. Ohio Radio Elec. C•. m Sunday. Cburch Sonthern Radio Con>. WGAY, Madison. Wis.. North Western Radio Co. WGAl. South Bend. Ind.• South Bend TrIbune. ~~~: ~b:r;~el~~Li4:~~~. ~~~~hoouse Elec. & llfg. Co. WGI. Medford H1llBlde, Mass., Am. Radio & Research CorIl. WCAS. ~e"bUr g h. N. Y .• Newburl:h Dally News: Newburgh News Printing & P ub. C• . WGL. PhlladelIlhla. Pa.. Thos. F. J. Howlett. WCAC. F ort Smith. Ark .• John Fink Jewelry Co. WGM, Atlanta. Ga.. Atlanta Constitution. WCAD. Canton. N. Y .. St. Lawrence University. WG R, Buffalo. N. Y .• Federal TeL & Teleg. Co. WCAE. PIttsburgh. P a.: 12:30 news and reporta: 3:30 weatehr rellorta : 4:15 Closln/: WGV. New Orleans. La .. Interstate Elec. Co. Market rellorta; 7 :30 Late news and lecture : 8 :30 musical Ilrograms: KauCmann WGY, Schenectady. N. Y .• General Elec. Co. Baer Co. WHA. Madison, Wis., UnI,. oC Wis. WCAG. Ne.. Orleans. La.. D ally States Pub. Co. WCAH. Columbus. O. Dally IlrOgram 11 :30 to 12:30; Every Tuesday e,enlng at 7. W ~!:ne =:' ~~I~ :I~~~e ~1Ir:I~a8y~S~£.,~r'st~0¥.~:'~~~ll~I~~tir~s~d :~:~ musical IlrQgram: C. A. Entrekin Eleetrlc Co. lrre/:ularIy: State Unherslty oC Iowa. WCAI. San Antonio. Texas. Southern EQulIlment Co. WHAS, Galveston. Texas. Clark W. Thomllson (Fellman's Dry Goods Co.) WHAC. Waterloo. Iowa. Cole Bros. Eloo. Co. ~gk ~~~BJn~cTex~~b .~:~rW~D:i:~~yan Unlferslty. WHAD. Milwaukee. Wis.; Marquette Unlv. WHAE, Sioux City. Iowa. Automotive Elec. Senlce Co. ~g~~. ~m~~~~: ~~vIl7:n~!a~~f~~~~e . WH AG. Clnelnnatl. OhIo. Unh. oC Cincinnati. WCAD. Baltimore. Md.• Sanders & Stayman Co. WHAH. JOIllln. Mo: radius. 1384 mL :Concerts. markets. weather. etc. Tuesday and WCA R. San Antonio. T eus. Alamo Radio Elec. Co. Thursday evenings: 8 to 10: Dally excellt Sundays: 10 a. m. to 2 Il. m.: Saturday WCAS. Mlnneallolls. Minn .• Wm. H . D unwoody Industrial Inst. night sIleclal: 11 to 12 :30: H aCe r SUllIlly Co. WCAT, RaIlld City. S. Dak.. South D akota School of lInnes. WHAI. DavenIlort. Iowa. Radio EQuIIl. & Mfg. Co. WCAU. PhIladelIlhla. Pa. : 1000 miles: Dally 10:30 a. m.: 2:30 Il. m.: 6 :30 Il m: regular concert 10 to 12 noon: Tuesdays. Fridays. Saturdays: Durham & ~~~k Bdf:~es\?ur:" J~ · V:.~uR~~~rea~~,ie~I(fo~Ilh and E . K. Kutl. Ce .• Inc. WHAL, Lanslnr;. Mich.• Lansing Call1tol News. WCAV. Little R ock. Ark .. J. C. Dice Elec. Co. W HAM. ~ hester. N. Y. Dally- Weather rellorta 2 :40 Il. m. ; Orr:an 2 :45. WCAW. Omaha. Neb~ .• Woodmen oC the World. 5 :00. 6 :45: Orchestra 3 :00. 7 :00: B ed-time stories. Sllort results. Business re­ WCAX. Burlington. Vermont. University oC Vermont. Ilorts and market rellorts. the latter on 485 meters. 7: 15 Il m: Sunday---Radl. WCAY. Milwaukee. Wis., Kesselman O'Drlscoll Co. Challel SerTlce. 8 :15 Il m: UnI,erslty oC Rochester. WCBA. Allentown. Pa. ; Chas. W. Halmbach: 280 meters : 5 watts. WHAD. Savannah. Ga.• Frederick A. Hill; every e,enlng 8 to 9; Saturday nights. 12:90 WCSS. Greenville. 0 .; 240 meters. 100 watts: K. & K. Radio Supply Co. 1 :30 a. m. WCE. Mlnneallolls. Minn .. Findley Elec. Co. WHAP. Decatur. Ill., Dewey L. Otta. WCK. St. Louis. 1.10• • Stu Baer & Fuller. WHAQ. Washington. D. C .• Semmes Motor Co. WCM. Austin. Texas. Un". oC Texas. WHAS. LoulS'fllie. Ky .• Courier Journal and Loulsvl11e Times Co. WCN. Worcester. Mass.• Clark University. WCX . Detroit. Mich .• Detroit F ree P ress. ~~~~. -;~m~!:gtFla. D~~O ,:\~:,?wntoEl~c'4 s~es· ;o~. music: Pierce Electric Co. W D·AD . Llndsburg. Kas.: Central Kansas Radio S UIlIlly. WHX. Des Moines. Iowa: 300 mUes: 5:45 Il m to 6:15 Il m Dally: 8:00 Il m te W DAE. Tampa. li'la .. Tampa Daily News. 10 Il m Wednesday evenings: Central Standard time: Iowa Radio Corp. W DAF. Kansas City. 1.10: Kansas City Star: 411 metcrs: 500 watts. Regular con­ W HAY. H untington. Ind.. H untington P re. s. certs on Mon. Wed. and Fri. nights from 8 to 9 :30. Concer ts from 3 :30 to 4 :3 0 W HAl, Troy. N. Y .• R ensselaer Polytechnic Inst. Il m each afternoon excellt Sun. Baseball scores 3 :25. 4 :00. 4 :30. 5 :00. and WHB. Kansas City. Mo .• SlVeeney Auto & Tractor School. 5 :50 Il. m. IIIarketgram and weather forecast 5 :55 nightly. excell t Sun. Educa­ WH D. Morgantown . W. Va. • W. Va. UnI,erslty. tional Ceatures and musical program 6 to 7 o'clocl< each night except Sunday. W H K. Cle, eland. Ohio. Warren R. Cox. "Nighthawk" Frolic. Coon Sanders orchestra at the Hotel III uehlebach nl/:htly WH N. Rld/:ewood. N. Y .• Times Printing & Pub. Co. eXCE.'Ilt Stm. 11 :45 Il. m. to 1 a. m. WHU. Toledo. Ohio. Wm. B. Duck Co. WDAG. Amarillo. Teus. K. Laurence Marlin. W I A B. Rockford. Ill.. Joelyn Automobile Co. W IAC. Galveston. Texas. Galveston Tribune. ~ ~ ~~'. Bt~s:!~~e 'l~:': ~~'Y~n -W:t~oJi~~c. ctu~~h .C e. WI AD. Ocean City. N . J .. Ocean City Yacht Club. W DAI. Syracuse. N. Y., Hughes E lectrical Corp. WI AE. Vinton. Iowa. ],Irs. Robt. E. Zimmerman. W DAJ . College Park. Ga. • Atlanta & West Point R. R . Co. W IAF. NelV Orleans. La : G. A. DcCortin. 10 lIIa rl bor ou~h Gate: 234 meters. 10 W DAK. HartCord. Conn .• HartCord Courant. lVatts. W DAL. Jacksonvllle. Fla. • Florida Times Union. WJAG. Norfo\lc. Nebr : 200 mlles News and Markets 12:15. 3:30 and 5:30 Il. m. WD AD. Dallas. Texas. Automotive Elec. Co. The Huse PublishIng Co. The Norfolk Dally News. WDAP. ChIcar: o. 111.. marlIIlta and Ilrices; 10 :30 a. m. Cutures Quotations: 11 and 11 :30 W IAK. Omaha. Nebr. : 7:45 a . m. Livestock recelIlts: 9:10 a . m. Livestock recelIlts and a m. same: 12 noon. Cuture. and cash /:Taln Ilrices : 12 :30 and 1 Il. m. Cutures QUO­ oIlening on hogs: 10:15 a m ralnCall and temllerature rellort and weather Corecast Cor tatlons : 1 :20 Il. m. closing Cutures Quotations and high and low Cor day. Cash Nebraska and Iowa. LI'I'estock market: 12 m cattle, hog and sheell market: 1 :50 D m ralnCall and temllerature revort and weather Corecast Cor Nebraska and Iowa: market f:'~. Il~:'Sa~~C::y: I~~~g e;~ce~r~~ N :O~rrlIl~e· m. 6 I~B~d C~~S lr~20Q~~ta~~ns~'1~I'h~: detall : 3 :50 Il m comIllete market rellorta and estimated recelIlts Cor next day : BUIlIlly changes sent when Ilosted. Regular concert scbedule 10 Il. m. Tuesdays. Dally Journal-Stockman. Thursdays and Saturdays. Sunday evenIngs 9 Il. m. and 10 Il. m. ChIcago Board of Trade arodal station. ~ : ~ ~: If;~:e~d. ~:;'8. ~~JtoefD~~e'~~:~n~gcorp . WDAR. PhliadelIlhIa. Pa.: Lit Brothers. WIAQ. Marion. I nd.. Chronicle P ub. Co. WDA S. Worcester. M&B8 .• Samuel A. Waite. WIAR. Paducah. Ky., Musleal 3 :80 to 4 Il. m. and 7 te 8 Il. m. excellt Sunda,.. W DAU. New Bedford. Ma ••.• Slocum & Kilburn. Paducab Enning Snn : Albert Bennett. eIJerator. WDAX. CenterTlIle. Iowa. First Nat'l Bank. WI AS. Burlinr;ton, Iowa. Hawk-Eye 'H ome Elee. Co. WDAY. F argo. N. D.; 244 meters. 50 watts : Fargo Rndlo Service Co. WI AT. TarkIo. Me .• Leon T. Noel. WDM, Washington. D. C., Church oC the Covenant. WIAU. Le Mant. Iowa. Am. Trust & Savings Bank. W DT. New York. N. Y .• ShIll Owners Radio Service. WD l. TUBCOIa. Ill.. James L. Bush. ~: ~ ~, ~~~~~~~I~: ,1iig~;·ll!ll~O&L;}{~c . Co. W'l. AA. Flint. Wch .. Fallaln & LathrOJ). WIAY. Neenah. Wls: 224 meter. 100 watts: Fox River Valley R adio SUIlIlly Co. WEAS. Fort Dod![e. Iowa. Standard Radio EQulIl. CO. WI K. McKeesport. P a .. K. & L. Elec. ShOll. WEAD, Atwood. Kans.• Northwest Kansas Radio SUIltlly C •. WI1-. WashInl:ton. D . C .• Continental Elee. SUIlIlly C•. W EAE. Blaekoburg. Va., Vlrgtn!a Polytechnic Inst. W EAF. New York City. N. Y .• Western Electric Co. WI P. P hlladelIlhla. Pa. • Gimbel Broe. WEAG. EdKewood. R. I.. Nichols-Hineline-Bassett l ,ab. Wi l . Cincinnati. Ohio. Clno Radio V Cg. Co. WEAH. Wichita. K ans .• Wichita Board oC Trade and Lander Radio Co WJAS. Lincoln. Nebr.• American R adio Co. Wt AI. Ithaca N. Y .• Cornell UnIversity. WJA D. Waco. Texas. Jackson's Radio E ngmg. Lab. WEA!J Vermilion. S. Dak .• UnI,erstty oC Sotlth Dakota. W J AF. Mnncle. Ind ; 1 800 miles: 7 :80 to 8 Monda;r. Wednesda;r. FrIday e,enIng. W EAK. . St. JO!!f!Ilh. Mo.• Jullns B. Abercrombie. muslo: 8:30 to 7 Il m Sat urday. muslo : 8:90 to 4 e,ery afternoon. News: 10:30 W EA.M. North Plainfield. N. J .• Burough of N. PlaInfield. to 12 1l Sundays. Churcb B

W~~/5 j>n~~f: W~~ri5B'~~58it:~e~~~~. ~e'tsday 9:15. WOAR. KenOsha, Wis.• Henry P. Lundskow. WJAK. Stockdale, Ohio White Radio Lab. ~8N: ~=~.Cf>I::t :::~eYJa:t:i1on- WOAZ. Btanford, Texas, Penick Hughes Co. day and TllUrsday. government agriograms: 5:30 P. m. baseba1i reports during WCBB, Greenville. 0: 240 meters. 100 watts: K. & K. Radio Supply Co. season: Tuesday. Thursday and Saturday. special concerts as announced at WOC. Davenport, 1a. time signals. 10:55 a. m.: weather 11 a. m.; 360 meters, 9 :15 P. m.: One musical number preceeds each broadcasting. Peoria Evening 11 :05 opening market Quotations. agriograms; 12 :00 noon, chimes :Concert; WJAPSt~t"1 th u. __ 1 00 2:00 p m. closing stocks and markets; 3:~0 p m, educational talk; 5:45 p m • u u ,DLUW. 5 milea: Sunday 11 am. 12:30 pm Church Bernce and chimes concert; 6:35. sandmsn's visit; 7:00 musical program; 8 p m, lecture; or~an recital: First Method1st Church. BeT. Chaa. N. Pace, Paator. Monday 8: p m Sundays, rel1glous and musical and rel1g1ous features. 9 a m Ie 10 p m; Palmer's W}'>A~. PT::;"ok~~~~= Jut~t1~ni. p m, musical; Kelley Duluth Co. School of ChlroprlUltic. WJAR. ProTldenee, B. I .. The Outlet Co .• 1. Bamuels & Brea. WOI. Ames. la.• Iowa State College. WJ AS, Pittsburgh. Pa., Pittsburgb lladio Supply Houae. N~a, P:neg ~~Ce .e.::d· s:~:~ fio~s:~:~a !r~7 LeT~ln~d b;fs~m~~ 1;~ ~i~k ~f:~~d~~iu!.el{j~!a~stJ"C~1ry Co. il~ht &. Power Co. WJAZ. Chicago. Ill. Cbieag" Badio Lab. WOO, Philadelphia, Pa.. John Wanamaker. WJD. Granville. Ohio; 229 meters. 50 watts; RIchard Harris Howe. WOQ, Kansas City, Mo.• Western Radio Co. WJ H. Waahington. D. C .• White & Boyer Co. WOR. Newark. N. J •• L. Bamberger & Co. ~1f: it:: f~~~: ~aJo' Eo~p~o~~s~~~fga;rel:~fnneH~ll~e~~ £~·ters. W~S2: J~If:~O~ ;i:1: ;~k~ts fi~~td :~~~ ~u~:te~: ~~~da:.ou{ve~~~a:. ~ri:~ WKAA. Cedar Rapids. 1a.; Dally; wealther reports. crop reports. government nights. 8 to 9 :30 concert2; no Sunday program; Missouri State Marketing Bureau. reports; Monday•• Thursdaya and Saturdays: music: H. F. Paar. WOV. Omaha. Nebr.• R. B. Howell. WKAC. Lincoln. Nebr: Star Publlshing Co; 275 meters; 100 watts. WOU. Omaha, Nebr.• Metropolltan Ut1lIties. WKAF. Wlohlta F&IJ,!. Tt!. w. a. Badio SUP'ply Ce. WPA. Fort Worth. Texas. Fort Worth Record. WKAH. West Palm J:l8&C J'la., Planet Badio Qo. WPAA. Wahoo. Neh.• AIl.der80n & Webster Elec. Co. ~~~f: ~~'~'GRJ ~:;;~ty Newa. ~~~~: ~~~e~~~~eltOkli~' Donaldson Radie Co. ~~~~: ~~:::~: ~Du~~~F~e Mfg. 0.. ~~~~: ~~~f·B\~s."~l:~~~!r~n'a Radia CO. WKAQ. San Juan. Porto R1oo, Radio COl1>. of Porte Bla.. WPAG. Independence. Mo., Central Radio Co. WKAR, Eut Lansin~. ll1cb., Mioh. AltrL Ool1ege. WPAH, Waupaca. Wis.• Wisconsin Dept. of Markets. WKAS. Bprlnll1leld. 110., L. B. Lines llWl1c 00. WPAJ. New HaTen, Conn .• Doollttle Badio Corp. WKAV. Laconia. N. H .• Laconia Radie Olub. WPAK. Fargo. N. D .• North Dakota Agricultural College. WKAW, Beloit, Wis; 242 meters. 10 watts: Turner Cycle Co. WPAL, Columbus. Ohio. Superior Radio & Tel Equip. Ce. WI' w~l':.m:-~~:f:;~~a,Tr:~:m!f~~~ i~·uip. Co. ~~!~. GJ.,,,::n1.!~~' :~ .• cs;,r!~~inft'>:es~ Guerry. loc. WMAN. Columbus. Ohio, First Baptist Church. WQAW. Washington. D C: Catholic UnIversity of America; 236 meters; 50 watts. WMAP. Baaton. Pa .• Utillty Battery Sernce. WQAX. Peoria. Ill.; Radio Equipment CO. WMAQ. Fair Store Buildinlr. ChIcago; 4:8,5 to 5 p m. daiiJ: 1 to 1:S0 pm. Mon- WQAY. Haatings. Nebr.• Gaaton Muslo & Furniture C•. day. WednNday. Friday and Baturday; 1 to 8 p m. Tueaday and Thursda1; 9:15 WQAZ. Greenshoro. North Carollna; Greensboro Daily Newa. to lOp m daiiJ: Ch1eago D&1iJ Newa and Fair Department Btere. W RAA, Houston. Texas. Bice Institute. WMAR. Waterloo, Iowa. Waterloo Elee. Bupply Co. WRAB. Savannah. Ga.; SaTannah Board of Public Education. WMAT, Duluth. Hinn .• Paramount Radio Corp. WRAC. Mayrtl1e. N. D .• State Normal School. ~=~~, -W~g:io~~.1f.~t;::~~~~iaee. Co. ~~~~: ~b~,;. ~J't's22l~Jf:rs~1~ w~~ff:' Radio Club. Inc. WMAX, Ann Arbor. Mieh.• K. & K. Badio Bupply Ce. WRAH, ProTldsoce. R. 1.; Stanley N. Read. WMAY. Bt. lAull. Mo.• 600 miles: Bel1g!oua sen1cea Bunday. 11 a m and 8 p m: WRAK. Eacanaha. Mich.; Economy Light Co. Tuelday at 1 pm: K1n~shlghwaJ Presbyterian Church. W RA L. St. Croix Fal1a. Wis.: Northern States . Power Co. WMAZ, Macon. Ga .• Mercer UnITorB1ty. WRAM. Carthage. 111.. B~bert E. Compton & Carthage Col\e~e. WM H. Cinc1ooatl. Ohio. Prec1son Equipment Co. ~~:~: ~~::~~~~. 1~~a/1fgb'::;~te~~~I01~' watts: Black Hawk Electrical Co. WwMNAUL,WBaOab1Wlinn~Gn're~. ~:..D. pouabrlkeda1t-yIDDllalIEylecNteriwos.Co. WRAO St LoulJl Mo Radio Service Co IS • - "'" Cit W RAP'. Winter Park. ·Fla.; Winter Park' Electric Construction Co. W~C1 ~088~6 ~. ;w~:r.} rtA5lp.~. (r/}3gt~\f~.h~ T;=da; ~ t! ~. a~ WRAR. David City. Nebr; J. C. Thomas; 226 meters; 20 watts. r to 8 :SO P. m. J'rlday 4 to 5 and 8 to 9 :SO P. m. Baturday 4 to 5 and 9 :SO to 11 W RAS. McLeaniboro, IlL; Radio SU[)PlY Co. p .... Th. Bhopud Btore.; J. J. Fanning. announcer: Bamuol Curti•• eperatGr. ~~~~; ~::l~~I'l3p~~Xga:,' 8.~I~n~e;~· Col1sl:e. WNAD, Norman. Okla.• Okla. Radio Engineering Co. WRAY. Scranton. Pa.: radius 400 00.: Sunday Chapel service; Wednesday; ~~~'. g~~~8e~~:'y~'s~~kW~!ilio Tolephone Co. Selective Musical program. 8:15 to 10; Saturday: 8:15 to 11; nadio Sales Corp. WNAP. Bprlnt:1leld. Obio. Wlttenberlt College. WRK. Hamllton. Ohio. Doron Bros. Elec. Ce. WNAQ. Cbarloston, B. C .• Charloston Radio Elec. Co. WRl. Sohenectady. N. Y .• Union College. WNAS. Austin. Tous, Badio COl1>. ~~~: &r=: M~·J.~~~dO~llrlD8t. of Radio Telg. WNAT. PhUadelphla. Pa. 1000 milea: Talks. Radio Wormatlon. music. Chapel WRR. Dallas. Teus. City of Da1las, Pol1ce and Fire Signal Dept. Sernco. WedneldaJ 1:S0 p m: Saturday 1:80 p m: Bunday 2:80 and 4:S0; WRW. Tarrytown. N Y; Tarrytown nadio R esearch Lab; 215 Metera; 50 watts. ETery day 12:15. 1 p m. Lonnig Bros. Co. WSAA. Marietta, 0 .• B. S. Sprague Electric Co. WNAV, KnftXTille. Tenn .• Poople·. Tel. and Tel. Ceo WSAB. Cape Girardeau. Mo .• SouUleast Mo. State Col1ege. ~~:W.lj~=°M:~~.B~~:~ ~~~~m~~~ce. WSAC. Clemson Col1ege. S. C.; Clemson Agrlcuitural OoHege. WNAX. Yankton. B. Dakota; 244 meters. 100 watts: Dakota nadlo Apparatus ~~~. 8~~:g3'1t~I.I.~:': gro~: og~t:'d:iI~g~~8 meters, 500 watts. W NJ. «.i~~~~N. Y .• Bhotton Radio Mfg. Co .• Ino. WSAl. Brookville. 1nd.; Franklin Electric Co. WNO. Jersey City. N. J .. Wireless Telephone Co. of Hudson Co .. N. J ~~:f: fI!~Je~~ .j:~~, Si~:n~taPn~e:d~~:::t;:c ~o~rch. WOAA. Ardmore. Okla.; radius 1.500 OOlos; TuesdaJa and Fridays: musical and odu- WSAV. Houston. Texaa, C. W. Vlck Radio Const'n C •. wga:8:t~~~~tfo~;::~s ~:: c~~dy; atation oporated by G. H. lteltz. WSB. Atlanta. Ga.• Atlanta Journal. WOAE. Fre!Dont. Nebr.• Mediand Conege. WSL. Utica, N. Y .. J. & M. Elec. Co. WOAF. Tyler. Texu. Tyler Commercial Co11ege. WSY. B1rmln~ham. Ala.• Alabama Power C•. WOAH. Charioston. S. C .• Palmetto Radio COl1>. WTAC. Johnstown, Pa., Penn. Tralllc Co. WOAI. San Antonio. Tell:; 385 meters: Southern Equlpmcnt Company: Programs ~i~~·. :~s~.I:N;~~ :~!~S·B:~~~ryW~tyl:'h~:.. E. Erbsteln. Dally; 10:30 a m Opening marl. letlns. 3 p m Closing marllets. cotton reports. grain and market futures and news WVP. New York, N. Y. Sllrnal COl1>s. U. S. Army. buHetins. 7 p m Complete basebaH scores from Amerlcsn National and Texas WWAC, Waco. Tex; 8000 mUss; Weather forecasts 11 a m dally; mus1eal concert., leagues. final reports on markets. and news buHetins. Dally except Sun. 9 :30 to dany. 1,SO p m and 'lIl Wednosday and Saturday nenlngs at 8; Banger Draa. 10:30 p m Concerts. Thurs. 7:30 to 8 :30 p In Musical and Community Programs. WWAD, Philadelphia. Pa.. Wright & Wright. Inc. Sunday 11:00 a m Church Services, 5:00 to 6:00 p m Concerts. WWAX. Laredo, Texaa, Worman Bros. ~g~k ~r:;::::oJ.a~:. ~~~':~"J!J~:I C~~· WWA Y, Chicago. lll.: MarIgold Gardena. WO~\.. Webster GroTes. Mo.• Wm. E. Woods. WWB. Canton, Ohio. DaliJ Newa Printin~ Ce. WOAN. LawrencoQurg. Tenn.. Jamoa D. Vaughan. WWI. Dearborn. Mich.. Ford Motor C•. WOAQ. Omah&, Nebr. 100 milea: Woodmen rtamoutls. Vlrltinla; Portamouth KiwanlJl Club. (Conlinued on nexl page.) 32 RADIO AGE-"THE MAGAZINE OF THE HOUR" Complete Corrected List of U. S. and Canadian Broadcasting Stations WW L. New Orlean.. L&. : lIWlJ.cal and EducaUonal: Loyola University: operated t.y 2XJ. Deal Beach. N. 1 •• Amer. TeL & Tellr. C•. Dept. of Phy.1ce. 3XW. Puker.burll. P .... Horace A. 'Jeale. Jr. WWX. Wub1naloD. D. C •• Poet O~e Dept. llYN. WublnIIton. D. C.• Nat'l Baal. Inet. 2XAI. Newark. N. 1 .• W ...Unllhoule Elee. & llflr. C •. IIARU. Leuln1lle, Ky.• Darrell A. DOI'f1Iard. 2X1. New York Cit7. A. T. & T. Co. Canadian Stations CFAC. Calgary. Alta.. Can. Western RadJo Co .• Ltd. CJ BC. Montreal, Que., Ca.n. Dupuls·Freres. CFCA. Toronte, Ont., Can, Toronto Star. CJCA, Edmonton, Alta.• Can. Edmonton Journal, Ltd. CJCB. Nelson, B. C., Ca.n. James Gorrton Bennett. CFCB, Vancouver, B. C •• Can. Marconi Co. CJCD. Toronto, Can., T. Eaton, Co. CFCE, Halifax. N. S., Can. MarconJ Co. CJCE, Vancouver, B. C •• Can. Vancouver Sun. CFCF. Montreal, P. Q .• Can. MarconJ Co. CJCF. Kitchener. Ont., Can. News Record. Limited. CFCH. IrOQuois Falls, Ont.. Can. • AblUbl Power & Paper Co ... Ltd. CJ G G, Winnipeg, Canada. ManJteba Free Press. CFCI, WalkenUie, Ont.• Can. Motor Products Corp. CJCH. Toronto, Ont., Can. UnJted Farmers of Ontario. CFCN, Calgary. Alta.. Can. W. W. Grant RadJo, Ltd. CJCI. St. John. N. B., Can. McLean, Holt & Co .• Ltd. CFCX. London. Ont., Can. Tbe London Advertlser. CJCN. Toronte, Ont.. Can. Simons, Agnew & Co. CFPC. Fort France•• Ont.. Can. Internatolnal RadJo Develop. Co. CJ CS, Hallfax. N. S .• Can. Eastern Telephone & Teler:raph Co. CFTC. Toronto. Ont.• Can. The Bell Telephone Co. CJCY. Calgary. Alta.. Can Edmund Taylor. CFYC. Vancouver, B. C., Can. Vleter Wentworth Odium. CJ GC, London, Ont .• Can. London Free Press. CFlC. llontreal. Que., Can. Can. Westlnghouse Co .• Ltd. CJNC. Winnipeg, Man., Can. Tribune Newspaper Co. CH BC. Calgary. Canada. W. W. Grant RadJo, Ltd. (Morning Albertan.) CJ SC, Toronto. Ont.. Can. EvenJng Telegram. CHCA. Vaneouver, B. C .• Can. RadJo Corp. of VancouTer. Ltd. CKAC. Montreal, Can. La Presse. C H C B. Toronto, Can. Marconi Co. CKCS. WinnJpeg. Man. Can. T. Eaton Co., Ltd. CHCC. Edmonton, Alta., Can. Can. Westlnr:house Co .• Ltd. CKCD. Vancouver, B. C., Can. Vancouver Dally ProTlnce. CHCF. WlnnJpeg. Man.. Can. RadJo Corp. of Winnipeg. Ltd. CKCE. Toronto,Ont., Can. Can. Ind. Telephone Co. CHCQ. Calgary. Alta• • Can. Western RadJo Co .• Ltd. CKCK, Regina, Sask., Can. Leader Pub. Co. CHCS, London, Ont., Can. London Radio Shoppe. CKCR. St. John, N. B., Can. Jones Elec. RadJo Co., Ltd. CHCX, Montreal, Que., Can. B. L. Sllver. CKCS. Montreal, Que.• Can. The Bell Telephone Co. CHCl. Toronto, Ont.. Can. Globe Printing Co. CKCl, Toronto, Ont .• Can. Westlnr:hou~e Co., Ltd. CHOC. Vancouver, B. C .• Can. Can. Westinghouse Co., Ltd. CKKC. Toronto, Ont., Can. RadJo Equipment & Supply Co., Ltd. CHVC. Toronto. Canada. Metropolitan Motora Co. CKOC. Hamilton, Ont., Can Wentlvorth RadJo Supply Co., Ltd. CHXC, Ottawa, - Ont.. Can. J. R. Booth. Jr. CKQC, London, Ont., Can. Radio Supply Co. CHYC, Montreal, Que.• Can. Northern Elec. Co. CKlC, WlnnJpeg, Man., Can. Salton RadJo Eng. Co.

WWV Transmits More Untaxed Music Audience of 5,000,000 Standard Waves KYW has made considerable of a hit A new record in radio has been added with the new jazz melody, "St, Louis with the report of the complete success In an effort to permit radio operators Tickle." This number has also been of having 5,000,000 persons-the largest a nd fa ns to check their wa ve meters and broadcast from several of the member number ever addressed-listening re­ instruments on standard waves, the stations of the National Broadcasters' cently to the program at Carnegie Hall Bureau of Standards will transmit League, 500 North Dearborn street, aranged by the National Electric Light, standard wave lengths commencing at Chicago. The National Broadcasters' Association. 10:55 p. m.,' each night, on July 17,Au­ League has received many appreciative Stations KYW, Chicago; WEAF, New gus(15, September)3 and 28 and on Oc­ letters from members in acknowledgment York; KDKA, Pittsburgh, and WGY, tober 7. of the receipt of musical numbers which Schenectady, were connected out of the On the last date, WWV will enable have been furnished by the league hall by telephone wires, duplicate wires a mateurs to calibrate their receiving through Harold Rossiter, independent being run from the hall to each of the and transmitting sets, since the band music publisher and Chairman of the outlying stations. covered will be from 222 to 150 meters, Program Committee of the League. Martin J. Insull, of Chicago, presided the signals being sent between 1 :50 a. m. The League has been doing effective at the meeting, at which Julius H. a nf! 3:41 a. m. work in making it unnecessary for broad­ Barnes, President of the Chamber of The schedule follows (Keep it for future casters to depend upon music controlled Commerce of the United States, spoke. / reference) : by the American Society of Authors Date F requency K-c Wave Igth, met. Composers and Publishers. The Ameri­ June 11...... 400 to 1000 750 to 300 can Society insists on a tax for the use of Boost for League July 17. __ ...... __ .....425 to 1500 705 to 200 copyrighted music by broadcasters and Aug. 15 ...... 425 t o 1500705 to 200 On with the dance! So say radio the broadcasters simply refused to assume Sept. 13._ ...... __ .. .425 to 1500705 to 200 fans who cut in on the program sent the additional expense. Sept. 28._...... 500 to 1700 600 to 176 out by KYW, Westinghouse broad­ Oct. 7. ____ ...... 1350 to 2000222 to 150 casting station. (Amateurs) Radio Helps Sermons The station is now sending out dance In continua tion of the established prac­ music played by Cope Harvey's orches­ tice, t he Bureau will transmit the call Radio broadcasting of the sermons tra and it is the first time the big station signals " WWV" both in ra dio telegraph and songs of the Sunday evening club has linked up with an orchestra leader a nd t elephone, each wave length occupy­ programs, broadcast by KYW from the since the American Society of Composers, ing about nine minutes of t ime. Orchestra ha ll, Chicago, has resulted in Authors and Publishers placed a ban on a n increased attendance at these religious their copyrighted numbers being sent services, according to John \V. O'Leary, over the radio. Secretary of the club. Furthermore, The dance selections are from the Now It Is Zion contributions of money from distant independent publishers and have been WCBD, broadcasting st ation of Zion radio listeners, who have heard the obtained through the National Broad­ City, II I. , is in operation wit h a wa ve services, have assisted in defraying ex­ casters' League. Fifteen selections were length of 245 meters. The st ation cost penses of the Sunday evening programs, released this week to broadcasters in $30, 000. Wilbur Glenn Voliva, success· twenty states and ten more will be re­ or of the well -remembered a nd peppery leased next week.-[Chicago Herald and John Alexander Dowie, wi ll use the sta­ Long Distance Examiner. tion to broadcast his ser mons. There A wireless message from the Naval also will be songs by t he angel choir of station at Cavit e, p, 1., addressed to five hundred voices a nd m usic by t he San Francisco, for relay to Washington, Exports Increase Zion band and the orchestra. Mr, was picked up in the Washington Radio During the first three months of 1923 Voliva believes the earth is fl at b ut he, Centra l recently and copied before the the value of exports of American made at least, is a few steps ahead of C hris San Fra ncisco operator indicated its radio and wireless apparatus exceeded Columbus, so far as radio is concerned. receipt. Needless to say, it was not $500,000. An increase of over $30,000 a Columbus knew something about navi­ relayed to Washington, This message month, since the first of the year, is gation, but nary a thing about a loose was copied without error over 11,500 shown by figures just issued by the de­ coupler. miles of sea and land. partment of commerce. ,~. .

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