Foreign Exchange (FOREX) Data Base Manual May 2001 Contact: (610) 490-2597
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The Tumen Triangle Documentation Project
THE TUMEN TRIANGLE DOCUMENTATION PROJECT SOURCING THE CHINESE-NORTH KOREAN BORDER Edited by CHRISTOPHER GREEN Issue Two February 2014 ABOUT SINO-NK Founded in December 2011 by a group of young academics committed to the study of Northeast Asia, Sino-NK focuses on the borderland world that lies somewhere between Pyongyang and Beijing. Using multiple languages and an array of disciplinary methodologies, Sino-NK provides a steady stream of China-DPRK (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea/North Korea) documentation and analysis covering the culture, history, economies and foreign relations of these complex states. Work published on Sino-NK has been cited in such standard journalistic outlets as The Economist, International Herald Tribune, and Wall Street Journal, and our analysts have been featured in a range of other publications. Ultimately, Sino-NK seeks to function as a bridge between the ubiquitous North Korea media discourse and a more specialized world, that of the academic and think tank debates that swirl around the DPRK and its immense neighbor. SINO-NK STAFF Editor-in-Chief ADAM CATHCART Co-Editor CHRISTOPHER GREEN Managing Editor STEVEN DENNEY Assistant Editors DARCIE DRAUDT MORGAN POTTS Coordinator ROGER CAVAZOS Director of Research ROBERT WINSTANLEY-CHESTERS Outreach Coordinator SHERRI TER MOLEN Research Coordinator SABINE VAN AMEIJDEN Media Coordinator MYCAL FORD Additional translations by Robert Lauler Designed by Darcie Draudt Copyright © Sino-NK 2014 SINO-NK PUBLICATIONS TTP Documentation Project ISSUE 1 April 2013 Document Dossiers DOSSIER NO. 1 Adam Cathcart, ed. “China and the North Korean Succession,” January 16, 2012. 78p. DOSSIER NO. 2 Adam Cathcart and Charles Kraus, “China’s ‘Measure of Reserve’ Toward Succession: Sino-North Korean Relations, 1983-1985,” February 2012. -
Preparing for the Possibility of a North Korean Collapse
CHILDREN AND FAMILIES The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit institution that EDUCATION AND THE ARTS helps improve policy and decisionmaking through ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT research and analysis. HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE This electronic document was made available from INFRASTRUCTURE AND www.rand.org as a public service of the RAND TRANSPORTATION Corporation. INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS LAW AND BUSINESS NATIONAL SECURITY Skip all front matter: Jump to Page 16 POPULATION AND AGING PUBLIC SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Support RAND Purchase this document TERRORISM AND HOMELAND SECURITY Browse Reports & Bookstore Make a charitable contribution For More Information Visit RAND at www.rand.org Explore the RAND National Security Research Division View document details Limited Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non-commercial use only. Unauthorized posting of RAND electronic documents to a non-RAND website is prohibited. RAND electronic documents are protected under copyright law. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please see RAND Permissions. This report is part of the RAND Corporation research report series. RAND reports present research findings and objective analysis that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND reports undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for re- search quality and objectivity. Preparing for the Possibility of a North Korean Collapse Bruce W. Bennett C O R P O R A T I O N NATIONAL SECURITY RESEARCH DIVISION Preparing for the Possibility of a North Korean Collapse Bruce W. -
30D5936045f7627ec125782b0
RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR NORTH KOREAN SOCIETY http://www.goodfriends.or.kr/[email protected] Weekly Newsletter No.386 (Released in Korean on Jan. 19, 2011) [“Good Friends” aims to help the North Korean people from a humanistic point of view and publishes “North Korea Today” describing the way the North Korean people live as accurately as possible. We at Good Friends also hope to be a bridge between the North Korean people and the world.] ___________________________________________________________________________ Skyrocketing Food Prices <Table 1> The Grain Price in Pyongyang (KPW/kg) U.S. Dollar Up 60% in Over One Month <Table 2> The Grain Price and Exchange Rate in Chungjin Gimchaek Steel Mill Only Distributes 10 Days’ Worth of Corn This Year <Table 3> Food Ration in Gimchaek Steel Mill in 2010 Police Officers Afraid of Psychic Fortune Teller in Hamheung City “I’d rather Send my Son to Jail than to the Army” ___________________________________________________________________________ Skyrocketing Food Prices The price of rice in Pyongyang has exceeded 2,000 won/kilogram since the New Year, compared to its previous rate of 1,600 won/kilogram at the end of last year. On January 7th, rice traded at 2,100 won/kilogram. Yet, following the recent first bimonthly ration, prices dropped to 1,500 won/kilogram. Although it is presumed that holiday (Lunar New Year) ration distribution led to the decrease, prices are still surging in areas where food distribution has not taken place. In Hamheung, the price of rice was 1,500 won/kilogram on January 1st. By January 7th prices were at 1,800, 1,750 and 1,800 won/kilogram in Hamheung, Chongjin and Sinuiju, respectively. -
The Forex Effect US Dollars, Overseas Networks, and Illicit North Korean Finance the Forex Effect
The Forex Effect US Dollars, Overseas Networks, and Illicit North Korean Finance The Forex Effect ABOUT C4ADS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS C4ADS (www.c4ads.org) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit C4ADS would like to thank Bill Newcomb, a organization dedicated to data-driven analysis and C4ADS fellow and former member of the UN Panel evidence-based reporting of conflict and security of Experts Sanctions Committee 1718; John Park of issues worldwide. We seek to alleviate the analytical the Harvard Kennedy School; Joshua Stanton, an burden carried by public sector institutions by attorney in Washington D.C.; Anthony Ruggiero applying manpower, depth, and rigor to questions of of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies; and conflict and security. the many other individuals who generously provided advice and insight. Additionally, this report would Our approach leverages nontraditional investigative not have been possible without C4ADS technology techniques and emerging analytical technologies. partners, whose software and systems were integral We recognize the value of working on the ground in to the project’s success. the field, capturing local knowledge, and collecting original data to inform our analysis. At the same time, we employ cutting edge technology to manage and analyze that data. The result is an innovative LEGAL DISCLAIMER analytical approach to conflict prevention and mitigation. The mention of any individual, company, organization, or other entity in this report does not imply the © C4ADS 2017 violation of any law or international agreement, and should not be construed as such. Throughout this report, we refer to and rely on criminal and civil ABOUT THE SEJONG INSTITUTE complaints filed by the U.S. -
SOUTH KOREA Executive Summary
Underwritten by CASH AND TREASURY MANAGEMENT COUNTRY REPORT SOUTH KOREA Executive Summary Banking The South Korean central bank is the Bank of Korea (BOK). Within the BOK, the main objective is to maintain price stability. Bank supervision is performed by the (FSC) and its executive arm, the Financial Supervisory Service (FSS). South Korea applies central bank reporting requirements. These are managed by the BOK, according to the rules set out in the Bank of Korea Act and the Statistics Law of 1962 and relevant regulations. Resident entities are permitted to hold foreign currency bank accounts domestically and outside South Korea. Domestic currency accounts are not convertible into foreign currency. Non-resident entities are permitted to hold domestic and foreign currency bank accounts within South Korea. Non-residents are also allowed to hold “non-resident free won accounts,” which are convertible. Since implementing a number of banking and regulatory reforms following the Asian financial crisis in 1997, the number of credit institutions operating within South Korea has reduced from 33 commercial banks in 1997 to 12. The banking sector consists of seven nationwide commercial banks, six local banks, and five specialized banks. There is a significant foreign banking presence in South Korea – 42 foreign banks have established branches in the country. Payments South Korea’s two main interbank payment clearing system operators are the BOK and the Korea Financial Telecommunications and Clearing Institute (KFTC). The BOK operates the country’s RTGS system, while the KFTC operates the country’s main retail payment systems. The most important cashless payment instruments in South Korea are credit cards in terms of volume, and, in terms of value, credit transfers. -
U.S.-South Korea Relations
U.S.-South Korea Relations Mark E. Manyin, Coordinator Specialist in Asian Affairs Emma Chanlett-Avery Specialist in Asian Affairs Mary Beth Nikitin Analyst in Nonproliferation Mi Ae Taylor Research Associate in Asian Affairs December 8, 2010 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41481 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress U.S.-South Korea Relations Summary Since late 2008, relations between the United States and South Korea (known officially as the Republic of Korea, or ROK) have been arguably at their best state in decades. By the middle of 2010, in the view of many in the Obama Administration, South Korea had emerged as the United States’ closest ally in East Asia. Of all the issues on the bilateral agenda, Congress has the most direct role to play in the proposed Korea-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA). Congressional approval is necessary for the agreement to go into effect. In early December 2010, the two sides announced they had agreed on modifications to the original agreement, which was signed in 2007. South Korea accepted a range of U.S. demands designed to help the U.S. auto industry and received some concessions in return. In the United States, the supplementary deal appears to have changed the minds of many groups and members of Congress who previously had opposed the FTA, which is now expected to be presented to the 112th Congress in 2011. If Congress approves the agreement, it would be the United States’ second largest FTA, after the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). -
North Korea's Political System*
This article was translated by JIIA from Japanese into English as part of a research project to promote academic studies on the international circumstances in the Asia-Pacific. JIIA takes full responsibility for the translation of this article. To obtain permission to use this article beyond the scope of your personal use and research, please contact JIIA by e-mail ([email protected]) Citation: International Circumstances in the Asia-Pacific Series, Japan Digital Library (March 2016), http://www2.jiia.or.jp/en/digital_library/korean_peninsula.php Series: Korean Peninsula Affairs North Korea’s Political System* Takashi Sakai** Introduction A year has passed since the birth of the Kim Jong-un regime in North Korea following the sudden death of General Secretary Kim Jong-il in December 2011. During the early days of the regime, many observers commented that all would not be smooth sailing for the new regime, citing the lack of power and previ- ous experience of the youthful Kim Jong-un as a primary cause of concern. However, on the surface at least, it now appears that Kim Jong-un is now in full control of his powers as the “Guiding Leader” and that the political situation is calm. The crucial issue is whether the present situation is stable and sustain- able. To consider this issue properly, it is important to understand the following series of questions. What is the current political structure in North Korea? Is the political structure the same as that which existed under the Kim Jong-il regime, or have significant changes occurred? What political dynamics are at play within this structure? Answering these questions with any degree of accuracy is not an easy task. -
Bloomberg Dollar Index
BLOOMBERG DOLLAR INDEX 2017 REBALANCE 2017 REBALANCE HIGHLIGHTS • Indian rupee added 2017 BBDXY WEIGHTS • Brazilian real removed Euro 3.0% Japanese Yen 3.8% 2.1% Canadian Dollar • Euro maintains largest weight 4.4% 5.1% Mexican Peso • Australian dollar largest percentage weight 31.6% British Pound 10.6% decrease Australian Dollar 10.0% Swiss Franc 17.9% • British pound largest percentage weight increase 11.5% South Korean Won Chinese Renminbi • Mexican peso’s weight continues to increase YoY Indian Rupee since 2007 STEPS TO COMPUTE 2017 MEMBERS & WEIGHTS Fed Reserve’s BIS Remove pegged Trade Data Liquidity Survey currencies to USD Remove currency Set Cap exposure Average liquidity positions under to Chinese & trade weights 2% renminbi to 3% Bloomberg Dollar Index Members & Weights 2017 TARGET WEIGHTS- BLOOMBERG DOLLAR INDEX Currency Name Currency Ticker 2017 Target Weight Euro EUR 31.56% Japanese Yen JPY 17.94% Currency % Change from 2016 to 2017 Indian rupee 2.090% *added Canadian Dollar CAD 11.54% British pound 1.128% South Korean won 0.382% British Pound GBP 10.59% Mexican peso 0.084% Canadian dollar 0.064% Mexican Peso MXN 9.95% Swiss franc 0.019% Australian Dollar AUD 5.12% China renminbi 0.000% Euro -0.195% Swiss Franc CHF 4.39% Japanese yen -0.510% Australian dollar -0.978% South Korean Won KRW 3.81% Brazil real -2.083% *deleted Chinese Renminbi CNH 3.00% Indian Rupee INR 2.09% GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF MEMBER CURRENCIES GLOBAL 21.50% Americas 46.54% Asia/Pacific 31.96% EMEA 11.93% APAC EMEA AMER 9.39% 9.44% 6.54% Japanese Yen -
The Elusive Nature of North Korean Reform
The Elusive Nature of North Korean Reform Marcus NOLAND ISSUES Analysis from the East-West Center SUMMARY The new leader of North Korea, Kim Jong-un, appears to be No. 108 February 2013 fostering a new political enthusiasm for reform. Is this all theatrics? Or does The East-West Center promotes better rela- tions and understanding among the people it signify a substantive policy shift? Reform is possible: Kim Jong-un may and nations of the United States, Asia, and the Pacific through cooperative study, research, have the necessary resolve to successfully push reform; officials associated and dialogue. Established by the US Congress in 1960, the Center serves as a resource for with the last reform attempt are still present and may truly be able to bring information and analysis on critical issues of common concern, bringing people together to lessons learned to bear on a new reform effort; and, importantly, both China exchange views, build expertise, and develop policy options. The Center is an independent, and South Korea are likely to be supportive of a sincere attempt at reform. public, nonprofit organization with funding from the US government, and additional support But while the projected image is positive and progressive, rumors coming provided by private agencies, individuals, foundations, corporations, and governments out of North Korea illustrate unsettled and contradictory impulses of gov- in the region. ernment policy. Provocations such as missile and nuclear tests may deter Papers in the AsiaPacific Issues series feature topics of broad interest and significant impact potential partners from engaging with North Korea. It appears likely, unfor- relevant to current and emerging policy debates. -
Countries Codes and Currencies 2020.Xlsx
World Bank Country Code Country Name WHO Region Currency Name Currency Code Income Group (2018) AFG Afghanistan EMR Low Afghanistan Afghani AFN ALB Albania EUR Upper‐middle Albanian Lek ALL DZA Algeria AFR Upper‐middle Algerian Dinar DZD AND Andorra EUR High Euro EUR AGO Angola AFR Lower‐middle Angolan Kwanza AON ATG Antigua and Barbuda AMR High Eastern Caribbean Dollar XCD ARG Argentina AMR Upper‐middle Argentine Peso ARS ARM Armenia EUR Upper‐middle Dram AMD AUS Australia WPR High Australian Dollar AUD AUT Austria EUR High Euro EUR AZE Azerbaijan EUR Upper‐middle Manat AZN BHS Bahamas AMR High Bahamian Dollar BSD BHR Bahrain EMR High Baharaini Dinar BHD BGD Bangladesh SEAR Lower‐middle Taka BDT BRB Barbados AMR High Barbados Dollar BBD BLR Belarus EUR Upper‐middle Belarusian Ruble BYN BEL Belgium EUR High Euro EUR BLZ Belize AMR Upper‐middle Belize Dollar BZD BEN Benin AFR Low CFA Franc XOF BTN Bhutan SEAR Lower‐middle Ngultrum BTN BOL Bolivia Plurinational States of AMR Lower‐middle Boliviano BOB BIH Bosnia and Herzegovina EUR Upper‐middle Convertible Mark BAM BWA Botswana AFR Upper‐middle Botswana Pula BWP BRA Brazil AMR Upper‐middle Brazilian Real BRL BRN Brunei Darussalam WPR High Brunei Dollar BND BGR Bulgaria EUR Upper‐middle Bulgarian Lev BGL BFA Burkina Faso AFR Low CFA Franc XOF BDI Burundi AFR Low Burundi Franc BIF CPV Cabo Verde Republic of AFR Lower‐middle Cape Verde Escudo CVE KHM Cambodia WPR Lower‐middle Riel KHR CMR Cameroon AFR Lower‐middle CFA Franc XAF CAN Canada AMR High Canadian Dollar CAD CAF Central African Republic -
South Korea RISK & COMPLIANCE REPORT DATE: March 2018
South Korea RISK & COMPLIANCE REPORT DATE: March 2018 KNOWYOURCOUNTRY.COM Executive Summary - South Korea Sanctions: None FAFT list of AML No Deficient Countries Not on EU White list equivalent jurisdictions Higher Risk Areas Compliance with FATF 40 + 9 Recommendations Medium Risk Areas: US Dept of State Money Laundering assessment Corruption Index (Transparency International & W.G.I.)) Failed States Index (Political Issues)(Average Score) Major Investment Areas: Agriculture - products: rice, root crops, barley, vegetables, fruit; cattle, pigs, chickens, milk, eggs; fish Industries: electronics, telecommunications, automobile production, chemicals, shipbuilding, steel Exports - commodities: semiconductors, wireless telecommunications equipment, motor vehicles, computers, steel, ships, petrochemicals Exports - partners: China 24.4%, US 10.1%, Japan 7.1% (2011 est.) Imports - commodities: machinery, electronics and electronic equipment, oil, steel, transport equipment, organic chemicals, plastics Imports - partners: China 16.5%, Japan 13%, US 8.5%, Saudi Arabia 7.1%, Australia 5% (2011 est.) Investment Restrictions: 1 The Foreign Investment Promotion Act (FIPA) is the basic law pertaining to foreign investment in Korea. FIPA and related regulations categorize business activities as either open, conditionally or partly restricted, or closed to foreign investment. Restrictions remain for 27 industrial sectors, three of which are entirely closed to foreign investment. The following is a current list of Restricted Sectors for Foreign Investment. -
2018-BBDXY-Index-Rebalance.Pdf
BLOOMBERG DOLLAR INDEX 2018 REBALANCE 2018 REBALANCE HIGHLIGHTS • Euro maintains largest weight 2018 BBDXY WEIGHTS Euro 3.0% Japanese Yen • Canadian dollar largest percentage weight 2.1% 3.7% Canadian Dollar decrease 4.5% 5.1% Mexican Peso • Swiss franc has largest percentage weight increase 31.5% British Pound 10.5% Australian Dollar 10.0% • Mexican peso’s weight continues to increase Swiss Franc 18.0% (2007: 6.98% to 2018: 10.04%) 11.4% South Korean Won Chinese Renminbi Indian Rupee STEPS TO COMPUTE 2018 MEMBERS & WEIGHTS Fed Reserve’s BIS Remove pegged Trade Data Liquidity Survey currencies to USD Remove currency Set Cap exposure Average liquidity positions under to Chinese & trade weights 2% Renminbi to 3% Bloomberg Dollar Index Members & Weights 2018 TARGET WEIGHTS- BLOOMBERG DOLLAR INDEX Currency Name Currency Ticker 2018 Target Weight 2017 Target Weights Difference Euro EUR 31.52% 31.56% -0.04% Japanese Yen JPY 18.04% 17.94% 0.10% Canadian Dollar CAD 11.42% 11.54% -0.12% British Pound GBP 10.49% 10.59% -0.10% Mexican Peso MXN 10.05% 9.95% 0.09% Australian Dollar AUD 5.09% 5.12% -0.03% Swiss Franc CHF 4.51% 4.39% 0.12% South Korean Won KRW 3.73% 3.81% -0.08% Chinese Renminbi CNH 3.00% 3.00% 0.00% Indian Rupee INR 2.14% 2.09% 0.06% GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF MEMBER CURRENCIES GLOBAL 21.47% Americas 46.53% Asia/Pacific 32.01% EMEA APAC EMEA AMER 6.70% 9.70% 9.37% Japanese Yen Australian Dollar Euro Canadian Dollar 46.80% 11.67% South Korean Won 22.56% 56.36% British Pound 53.20% 15.90% 67.74% Mexican Peso Chinese Renminbi Swiss Franc