DOCSLIB.ORG

Drukbegrazing En Chopperen Als Alternatieven Voor Plaggen Van Natte Heide

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Drukbegrazing En Chopperen Als Alternatieven Voor Plaggen Van Natte Heide Drukbegrazing en chopperen als alternatieven voor plaggen van natte heide Effecten op korte termijn en evaluatie van praktijkervaringen Michiel Wallis de Vries Kim Huskens Joost Vogels Remco Versluijs Roland Bobbink Emiel Brouwer Evi Verbaarschot OBN Ontwikkeling Beheer Natuurkwaliteit april 2014 © 2014 Directie Agrokennis, Ministerie van Economische Zaken Deze publicatie is tot stand gekomen met een financiële bijdrage van het Ministerie van Economische Zaken. Teksten mogen alleen worden overgenomen met bronvermelding. Deze uitgave kan schriftelijk of per e-mail worden besteld bij het Bosschap onder vermelding van code 2014/OBN191-NZ en het aantal exemplaren. Oplage 150 exemplaren Samenstelling: Michiel Wallis de Vries, de Vlinderstichting Kim Huskens, de Vlinderstichting Joost Vogels, stichting Bargerveen Remco Versluijs, stichting Bargerveen Roland Bobbink, B-Ware Emiel Brouwer, B-Ware Evi Verbaarschot, B-Ware Druk: KNNV Uitgeverij/KNNV Publishing Productie Bosschap, bedrijfschap voor bos en natuur Bezoekadres : Princenhof Park 9, Driebergen Postadres : Postbus 65, 3970 AB Driebergen Telefoon : 030 693 01 30 Fax : 030 693 36 21 E-mail : [email protected] Wijze van citeren: Wallis de Vries, M.F., Bobbink, R., Brouwer, E., Huskens, K., Verbaarschot, E., Versluijs, R. & Vogels, J.J. (2014). Drukbegrazing en Chopperen als Alternatieven voor Plaggen van Natte Heide: effecten op korte termijn en evaluatie van praktijkervaringen. Rapport OBN191-NZ, Ministerie van Economische Zaken, Den Haag. Voorwoord Het doel van het Kennisnetwerk Ontwikkeling en Beheer Natuurkwaliteit (OBN) is het ontwikkelen, verspreiden en benutten van kennis voor terreinbeheerders over natuurherstel, Natura 2000, leefgebiedenbenadering en ontwikkeling van nieuwe natuur. In het kader van Natura 2000 worden in Europees perspectief zeldzame soorten en zeldzame vegetatietypen in Nederland beschermd. In dit rapport staan de soortenrijke natte heide centraal (H4010). Het heidelandschap is één van de meest kenmerkende landschappen voor de Nederlandse natuur. De variatie en soortenrijkdom van de Nederlandse heidegebieden staat echter onder druk, tegelijkertijd is het traditionele landgebruik in heidegebieden vervangen door gericht natuurbeheer. Verzuring, vermesting en verdroging vormen belangrijke knelpunten voor herstel. In natte heide hebben deze invloeden dikwijls geleid tot dominantie van Pijpenstrootje (Molinia caerulea). Op natte heide is het doorbreken van de dominantie van Pijpenstrootje een grote uitdaging om de soortenrijkdom te herstellen. Omdat plaggen een aantal negatieve neveneffecten heeft, wordt naar alternatieve maatregelen gezocht, maar hierover ontbrak tot op heden veel van de benodigde kennis nog. Via dit onderzoek, een combinatie van experimenteel onderzoek en evaluatie van ervaringen uit de beheerpraktijk, zijn belangrijke stappen gezet om de kennisleemte over de effecten van twee kansrijke alternatieven voor plaggen – drukbegrazing en chopperen – te vullen. Een definitief oordeel over de effectiviteit van chopperen en drukbegrazing – in combinatie met bekalking – als alternatieven voor plaggen is op basis van het huidige onderzoek nog niet te geven: het beheerexperiment loopt daarvoor nog te kort en de praktijkvoorbeelden geven wel een globaal beeld maar lenen zich niet voor vergaande conclusies. Op basis van de opgedane inzichten zijn voorlopige richtlijnen voor het herstelbeheer van vergraste natte heide opgesteld. Deze vindt u in hoofdstuk 14. Ik wens u veel leesplezier. Drs. E.H.T.M. Nijpels Voorzitter Bosschap English summary Breaking the dominance of Molinia caerulea constitutes an important challenge in the restoration of species-rich wet heathlands. This dominance often results from a combination of abiotic changes of desiccation, acidification and eutrophication and the biotic changes of ongoing succession after management neglect. Sod-cutting is a widespread measure in heathland management, with proven effectiveness against grass encroachment. However, it also has a number of important drawbacks which render its large- scale application undesirable: soil degradation, removal of organic matter, lowering of buffering capacity, removal of the seed bank and detrimental effects on resident fauna. Intensive rotational grazing and choppering are two possible alternative to sod-cutting. This study has investigated the effects of both measures on soil chemistry, vegetation (including macrofungi) and fauna on a short term (Part I of this report) and has surveyed the experiences in conservation practice (Part II). The research on short-term effects had an experimental set-up and was carried out in four study areas, Kampina and Strabrechtse heide in Noord- Brabant and Blauwe Bos and Oosthoek in Friesland. In each area, three vegetation treatments (sod-cutting, choppering and intensive rotational grazing with sheep) were compared with an untreated control. Moreover, each treatment was executed without or with liming at a light dose (dologran), in order to include a measure to restore buffer capacity. Each replicate consisted of a block of 4x2=8 plots of 20x20 m. Three blocks were laid out in each of the two areas in Brabant and a single block in each of the two Frieisan areas, The initial survey was carried out in 2011, prior to implementation of the measures, and the effect measurements were carried out in 2013. The experimental study confirmed the experience with sod-cutting as a measure that, combined with liming, leads to a quick recovery of characteristic plants and pioneer animal species, but is detrimental on a short term to Sphagnum mosses, litter-dependent fungi, detritivorous and herbivorous fauna as well as characteristic fauna of older heathland stages. Choppering caused a similar effect with less negative effects on bryophytes, humus-dependent fungi and the fauna of older heaths. Liming neutralized the ammonium peak after choppering, just as after sod-cutting. A single year of intensive rotational grazing did lead to a more open vegetation structure, but did not yet result in significant changes in soil chemistry, vegetation or fauna; species of older heath stages were not negatively affected and there were indications of positive effects for insect species, such as Plebejus argus, Myrmica ruginodis and Chorthippus montanus. Liming also resulted in restoration of buffering capacity on intensively grazed and control plots, without leading to encroachment of disturbance indicator plants. Too few examples of choppering in grass-encroached wet heathlands are known from conservation practice. The practical experience on intensive rotational grazing indicated that it may be effective to break Molinia dominance on a longer term. With sheep, this requires repeated application over a number of years. However, the dose-effect relation still needs to be established. The studied example of intensive rotational grazing with horses suggests that a single application (and a brief follow-up grazing event) may suffice for successful heathland restoration. This requires closer investigation. In the context of the programmatic approach to mitigate the effects of nitrogen excess (PAS), the preliminary conclusion of this study is that choppering, like sod-cutting, causes a substantial reduction of the nitrogen load, but that liming is required to neutralize the ammonium peak. Intensive rotational grazing probably leads to a slight net removal of nitrogen, but mainly causes indirect effects on nutrient dynamics through herbivory, dung and trampling. In this case too, liming may have beneficial effects. A definite conclusion on the effectiveness of choppering and intensive rotational grazing – in combination with liming – as alternatives to sod-cutting cannot be drawn as yet: the experimental management has been running too short and the examples from conservation practice do give a general picture but are not suited to allow far-reaching conclusions. Hence, we recommend pursuing the study of the management experiment, so that the effects on the medium term can be elucidated. On the basis of the progressing insights, preliminary guidelines for restoration management of grass-encroached wet heathlands have been drawn up. The most important recommendation is that the most drastic measure (sod- cutting) remains useful for targeted application at a small scale and that the least drastic measure (intensive rotational grazing) can be applied at a larger scale, provided that it is spread out in both space and time. Choppering is intermediate in that respect. Supplemental liming can generally be recommended after sod-cutting and choppering, but it is too early to judge whether this also constitutes an effective measure against acidification in combination with intensive rotational grazing or without any further restoration management. Samenvatting Een belangrijk probleem bij het herstel van een soortenrijke natte heide is het doorbreken van de dominantie van Pijpenstrootje. Deze is veelal het gevolg van een combinatie van de abiotische veranderingen door verdroging, verzuring en vermesting en de biotische veranderingen van voortschrijdende successie door achterstallig beheer. Plaggen is een veel toegepaste – en tegen vergrassing ook effectieve – maatregel in het heidebeheer, maar plaggen heeft ook een aantal belangrijke nadelen die grootschalige toepassing onwenselijk maken: aantasting van de bodem, afvoer van de organische stof, verlaging van het bufferend vermogen, afvoer van de zaadvoorraad en schade aan de aanwezige fauna. Drukbegrazing en chopperen zijn
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Final Report 1
    Sand pit for Biodiversity at Cep II quarry Researcher: Klára Řehounková Research group: Petr Bogusch, David Boukal, Milan Boukal, Lukáš Čížek, František Grycz, Petr Hesoun, Kamila Lencová, Anna Lepšová, Jan Máca, Pavel Marhoul, Klára Řehounková, Jiří Řehounek, Lenka Schmidtmayerová, Robert Tropek Březen – září 2012 Abstract We compared the effect of restoration status (technical reclamation, spontaneous succession, disturbed succession) on the communities of vascular plants and assemblages of arthropods in CEP II sand pit (T řebo ňsko region, SW part of the Czech Republic) to evaluate their biodiversity and conservation potential. We also studied the experimental restoration of psammophytic grasslands to compare the impact of two near-natural restoration methods (spontaneous and assisted succession) to establishment of target species. The sand pit comprises stages of 2 to 30 years since site abandonment with moisture gradient from wet to dry habitats. In all studied groups, i.e. vascular pants and arthropods, open spontaneously revegetated sites continuously disturbed by intensive recreation activities hosted the largest proportion of target and endangered species which occurred less in the more closed spontaneously revegetated sites and which were nearly absent in technically reclaimed sites. Out results provide clear evidence that the mosaics of spontaneously established forests habitats and open sand habitats are the most valuable stands from the conservation point of view. It has been documented that no expensive technical reclamations are needed to restore post-mining sites which can serve as secondary habitats for many endangered and declining species. The experimental restoration of rare and endangered plant communities seems to be efficient and promising method for a future large-scale restoration projects in abandoned sand pits.
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution of Spiders in Coastal Grey Dunes
    kaft_def 7/8/04 11:22 AM Pagina 1 SPATIAL PATTERNS AND EVOLUTIONARY D ISTRIBUTION OF SPIDERS IN COASTAL GREY DUNES Distribution of spiders in coastal grey dunes SPATIAL PATTERNS AND EVOLUTIONARY- ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DISPERSAL - ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF DISPERSAL Dries Bonte Dispersal is crucial in structuring species distribution, population structure and species ranges at large geographical scales or within local patchily distributed populations. The knowledge of dispersal evolution, motivation, its effect on metapopulation dynamics and species distribution at multiple scales is poorly understood and many questions remain unsolved or require empirical verification. In this thesis we contribute to the knowledge of dispersal, by studying both ecological and evolutionary aspects of spider dispersal in fragmented grey dunes. Studies were performed at the individual, population and assemblage level and indicate that behavioural traits narrowly linked to dispersal, con- siderably show [adaptive] variation in function of habitat quality and geometry. Dispersal also determines spider distribution patterns and metapopulation dynamics. Consequently, our results stress the need to integrate knowledge on behavioural ecology within the study of ecological landscapes. / Promotor: Prof. Dr. Eckhart Kuijken [Ghent University & Institute of Nature Dries Bonte Conservation] Co-promotor: Prf. Dr. Jean-Pierre Maelfait [Ghent University & Institute of Nature Conservation] and Prof. Dr. Luc lens [Ghent University] Date of public defence: 6 February 2004 [Ghent University] Universiteit Gent Faculteit Wetenschappen Academiejaar 2003-2004 Distribution of spiders in coastal grey dunes: spatial patterns and evolutionary-ecological importance of dispersal Verspreiding van spinnen in grijze kustduinen: ruimtelijke patronen en evolutionair-ecologisch belang van dispersie door Dries Bonte Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor [Ph.D.] in Sciences Proefschrift voorgedragen tot het bekomen van de graad van Doctor in de Wetenschappen Promotor: Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • The Study of Hidden Habitats Sheds Light on Poorly Known Taxa: Spiders of the Mesovoid Shallow Substratum
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 841: 39–59 (2019)The study of hidden habitats sheds light on poorly known taxa... 39 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.841.33271 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research The study of hidden habitats sheds light on poorly known taxa: spiders of the Mesovoid Shallow Substratum Enrique Ledesma1, Alberto Jiménez-Valverde1, Alberto de Castro2, Pablo Aguado-Aranda1, Vicente M. Ortuño1 1 Research Team on Soil Biology and Subterranean Ecosystems, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain 2 Entomology Department, Aranzadi Science Society, Donostia - San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain Corresponding author: Enrique Ledesma ([email protected]); Alberto Jiménez-Valverde ([email protected]) Academic editor: P. Michalik | Received 22 January 2019 | Accepted 5 March 2019 | Published 23 April 2019 http://zoobank.org/52EA570E-CA40-453D-A921-7785A9BD188B Citation: Ledesma E, Jiménez-Valverde A, de Castro A, Aguado-Aranda P, Ortuño VM (2019) The study of hidden habitats sheds light on poorly known taxa: spiders of the Mesovoid Shallow Substratum. ZooKeys 841: 39–59. https:// doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.841.33271 Abstract The scarce and biased knowledge about the diversity and distribution of Araneae species in the Iberian Peninsula is accentuated in poorly known habitats such as the Mesovoid Shallow Substratum (MSS). The aim of this study was to characterize the spiders inventory of the colluvial MSS of the Sierra de Guadar- rama National Park, and to assess the importance of this habitat for the conservation of the taxon. Thirty-three localities were selected across the high peaks of the Guadarrama mountain range and they were sampled for a year using subterranean traps specially designed to capture arthropods in the MSS.
    [Show full text]
  • 196 Arachnology (2019)18 (3), 196–212 a Revised Checklist of the Spiders of Great Britain Methods and Ireland Selection Criteria and Lists
    196 Arachnology (2019)18 (3), 196–212 A revised checklist of the spiders of Great Britain Methods and Ireland Selection criteria and lists Alastair Lavery The checklist has two main sections; List A contains all Burach, Carnbo, species proved or suspected to be established and List B Kinross, KY13 0NX species recorded only in specific circumstances. email: [email protected] The criterion for inclusion in list A is evidence that self- sustaining populations of the species are established within Great Britain and Ireland. This is taken to include records Abstract from the same site over a number of years or from a number A revised checklist of spider species found in Great Britain and of sites. Species not recorded after 1919, one hundred years Ireland is presented together with their national distributions, before the publication of this list, are not included, though national and international conservation statuses and syn- this has not been applied strictly for Irish species because of onymies. The list allows users to access the sources most often substantially lower recording levels. used in studying spiders on the archipelago. The list does not differentiate between species naturally Keywords: Araneae • Europe occurring and those that have established with human assis- tance; in practice this can be very difficult to determine. Introduction List A: species established in natural or semi-natural A checklist can have multiple purposes. Its primary pur- habitats pose is to provide an up-to-date list of the species found in the geographical area and, as in this case, to major divisions The main species list, List A1, includes all species found within that area.
    [Show full text]
  • Arthropods in Linear Elements
    Arthropods in linear elements Occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Thesis committee Thesis supervisor: Prof. dr. Karlè V. Sýkora Professor of Ecological Construction and Management of Infrastructure Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group Wageningen University Thesis co‐supervisor: Dr. ir. André P. Schaffers Scientific researcher Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology Group Wageningen University Other members: Prof. dr. Dries Bonte Ghent University, Belgium Prof. dr. Hans Van Dyck Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium Prof. dr. Paul F.M. Opdam Wageningen University Prof. dr. Menno Schilthuizen University of Groningen This research was conducted under the auspices of SENSE (School for the Socio‐Economic and Natural Sciences of the Environment) Arthropods in linear elements Occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Jinze Noordijk Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. dr. M.J. Kropff, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Doctorate Board to be defended in public on Tuesday 3 November 2009 at 1.30 PM in the Aula Noordijk J (2009) Arthropods in linear elements – occurrence, behaviour and conservation management Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen NL with references, with summaries in English and Dutch ISBN 978‐90‐8585‐492‐0 C’est une prairie au petit jour, quelque part sur la Terre. Caché sous cette prairie s’étend un monde démesuré, grand comme une planète. Les herbes folles s’y transforment en jungles impénétrables, les cailloux deviennent montagnes et le plus modeste trou d’eau prend les dimensions d’un océan. Nuridsany C & Pérennou M 1996.
    [Show full text]
  • ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS Y AMBIENTALES CARRERA DE INGENIERÍA EN GESTIÓN AMBIENTAL MODALIDAD CLÁSICA “Ensamblaje De
    ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS Y AMBIENTALES CARRERA DE INGENIERÍA EN GESTIÓN AMBIENTAL MODALIDAD CLÁSICA “Ensamblaje de una Comunidad de Coleópteros (Tenebrionidae - Carabidae) en un gradiente altitudinal, adaptaciones al cambio global, cantón Catamayo – Ecuador” Trabajo de fin de carrera previa la obtención del título de Ingeniero en Gestión Ambiental AUTOR: Daniel Alejandro Sotomayor Bastidas DIRECTOR: Marín Armijos Diego Stalin, Ing. Centro universitario Loja 2012 CERTIFICACIÓN DEL DIRECTOR DE TESIS Ingeniero Diego Stalin Marín Armijos DOCENTE – DIRECTOR DE TESIS C E R T I F I C A: Que el presente trabajo de investigación, denominado: “ENSAMBLAJE DE UNA COMUNIDAD DE COLEÓPTEROS (TENEBRIONIDAE - CARABIDAE) EN UN GRADIENTE ALTITUDINAL, ADAPTACIONES AL CAMBIO GLOBAL, CANTÓN CATAMAYO – ECUADOR” realizado por el estudiante: Daniel Alejandro Sotomayor Bastidas, ha sido cuidadosamente revisado por el suscrito, por lo que he podido constatar que cumple con todos los requisitos de fondo y de forma establecidos por la Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja y por la Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Carrera de Ingeniería en Gestión Ambiental, por lo que autorizo su presentación. Lo Certifico.- Loja, 11 de Abril de 2012. ……………………………………., Ing. Diego Stalin Marín Armijos II CESIÓN DE DERECHOS Yo, DANIEL ALEJANDRO SOTOMAYOR BASTIDAS declaro ser autor del presente trabajo y eximo expresamente a la Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja y a sus representantes legales de posibles reclamos o acciones legales. Adicionalmente declaro conocer y aceptar la disposición del Art. 67 del Estatuto Orgánico de la Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja que en su parte pertinente textualmente dice: “Forman parte del patrimonio de la Universidad la propiedad intelectual de investigaciones, trabajos científicos o técnicos de tesis de grado que se realicen a través, o con el apoyo financiero, académico o institucional (operativo) de la Universidad”.
    [Show full text]
  • Crveni Popis Trčaka Hrvatske (Coleoptera, Carabidae) Naručitelj: Državni Zavod Za Zaštitu Prirode
    CRVENI POPIS TRČAKA HRVATSKE (COLEOPTERA, CARABIDAE) NARUČITELJ: DRŽAVNI ZAVOD ZA ZAŠTITU PRIRODE 2007. CRVENI POPIS TRČAKA (CARABIDAE) HRVATSKE Crveni popis trčaka (Carabidae) izrađen je na prijedlog Državnog zavoda za zaštitu prirode. Crveni popisi raznih skupina su jedna od temeljnih stručnih podloga u zaštiti prirode (Radović 2004). Njihova je zadaća prikazati koje vrste su u opasnosti od izumiranja i koliko brzo se to može očekivati. Za izradu takvih popisa postoje određeni preduvjeti, odnosno količina znanja proizašla iz istraživanja određene skupine mora biti dostatna. ŠTO SU SVE TRČCI ? Trčci (Carabidae) su jedna od najvećih porodica kornjaša (Coleoptera). Kako je sistematika ove porodice predmet stalnih istraživanja i promjena, procjena ukupnog broja vrsta u svijetu, ali i u Europi varira kod različitih autora. Osim toga, usprkos dva stoljeća intenzivnih istraživanja, autori se još ne slažu oko toga koje sve vrste pripadaju porodici Carabidae, niti kako je ona podijeljena na niže sistematske kategorije. U najstarijim katalozima porodica Carabidae je podijeljena, većinom, samo na dvije do tri potporodice. Ti katalozi (Dejean 1831, Ganglbauer 1892, Junk & Shlenking 1926, Latreille 1802, 1810, Schaum 1850, Winkler 1924-1932) napravljeni su na temelju ondašnjih znanja, a to je u najvećoj mjeri bilo samo poznavanje i uspoređivanje morfologije odraslih jedinki. U radovima nešto novijeg datuma (Basilewski 1973, Jeannel 1941-1942) porodica trčaka promatrana je također s aspekta morfologije imaga, ali je podijeljena na veći broj, često i preko 50 potporodica. Lindroth (1961-1962) je broj potporodica smanjio na 8, ali ih je podijelio na nekoliko desetaka tribusa koji međusobno nisu ujedinjeni. Te tribuse je u supertribuse ujedinio Kryzhanovskij (1983), a tu podjelu prihvaćao je veliki broj autora.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of Landscape on the Diversity in Urban Green Areas
    DOI: 10.1515/eces-2017-0040 ECOL CHEM ENG S. 2017;24(4):613-625 Marina KIRICHENKO-BABKO 1*, Grzegorz ŁAGÓD 2, Dariusz MAJEREK 3 Małgorzata FRANUS 4 and Roman BABKO 1 THE EFFECT OF LANDSCAPE ON THE DIVERSITY IN URBAN GREEN AREAS ODDZIAŁYWANIE KRAJOBRAZU NA RÓ ŻNORODNO ŚĆ W OBSZARACH ZIELENI MIEJSKIEJ Abstract: This article presented the results of a comparative analysis of carabid species compositions (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in urban green areas of the City of Lublin, Eastern Poland. In this study, the occurrence and abundance of ground beetles were analysed according to habitat preference and dispersal ability. A total of 65 carabid species were found in the three green areas. Obviously, the high species richness of ground beetles in the greenery of the Lublin is determined by the mostly undeveloped floodplain of the river Bystrzyca. The species richness of carabids and their relative abundance decrease in the assemblage of green areas under the effect of isolation of green patches and fragmentation of the semi-natural landscape elements in the urban environment. Generalists and open-habitat species significantly prevailed in all green areas. The prevailing of riparian and forest species at floodplain sites of the river Bystrzyca demonstrated the existence of a connection of the carabid assemblage with landscape of river valley. The Saski Park and gully “Rury” are more influenced by urbanization (fragmentation, isolation of green patches) and recreation that is consistent with the significant prevalence of open-habitats species in the carabid beetle assemblage. Keywords: green areas, Carabidae, species diversity, urban ecology, Poland Introduction The growth of populated areas and the transformation of landscapes have been important factors from the second half of the 20 th century to the present.
    [Show full text]
  • Vol 4 Part 2. Coleoptera. Carabidae
    Royal Entomological Society HANDBOOKS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF BRITISH INSECTS To purchase current handbooks and to download out-of-print parts visit: http://www.royensoc.co.uk/publications/index.htm This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License. Copyright © Royal Entomological Society 2012 ROYAL ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON . Vol. IV. Part 2 -HANDBOOKS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION / OF BRITISH INSECT-s COLEOPTERA CARABIDAE By CARL H. LINDROTH LONDON Published by the Society and Sold at its Rooms .p, Queen's Gate, S.W. 7 August I 974- HANDBOOKS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF BRITISH INSECTS The aim of this series of publications is to provide illustrated keys to the whole of the British Insects (in so far as this is possible), in ten volumes, as follows: I. Part 1. General Introduction. Part 9. Ephemeroptera. , 2. Thysanura. , 10. Odonata. , 3. Protura. , 11. Thysanoptera. , 4. Collembola. , 12. Neuroptera. , 5. Dermaptera and , 13. Mecoptera. Orthoptera. , 14. Trichoptera. , 6. Plecoptera. , 15. Strepsiptera. , 7. Psocoptera. , 16. Siphonaptera. , 8. Anoplura. II. Hemiptera. III. Lepidoptera. IV. and V. Coleoptera. VI. Hymenoptera : Symphyta and Aculeata. VII. Hymenoptera : lchneumonoidea. VIII. Hymenoptera : Cynipoidea, Chalcidoidea, and Serphoidea. IX. Diptera: Nematocera and Brachycera. X. Diptera : Cyclorrhapha. Volumes II to X will be divided into parts of convenient size, but it is not possible to specifyin advance the taxonomic content of each part. Conciseness and cheapness are main objectives in this series, and each part is the work of a specialist, or of a group of specialists. Although much of the work is based on existing published keys, suitably adapted, much new and original matter is also included.
    [Show full text]
  • Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Dry, Open Habitats North of 69°N, Northern Norway
    © Norwegian Journal of Entomology. 9 December 2013 The life cycles of carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in dry, open habitats north of 69°N, Northern Norway JOHAN ANDERSEN Andersen, J. 2013. The life cycles of carabid beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in dry, open habitats north of 69°N, Northern Norway. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 60, 140–158. The life cycle of 23 carabid beetle species of dry and mesic, open habitats in the lowland of Troms was studied by elucidating the reproduction period and the seasonal occurrence of larvae, tenerals and fully hardened adults. Nine species breed in spring−early summer, have summer larvae and hibernate exclusively as adults. Nine species mainly breed in summer/autumn (June−September) and larvae as well as adults hibernate. The latter group of species frequently seems to need more than one, but not two full years to complete their development. However, Amara bifrons (Gyllenhal, 1810) which belongs to the group with winter larvae, may exclusively have an annual life cycle. The same also partly applies to Calathus melanocephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) in periods with favourable climatic conditions. Third stage larvae of Amara torrida (Panzer, 1797) and A. apricaria (Paykull, 1790), which overwinter, were unable to fulfill their development at high temperatures (≥ 24°C) in the laboratory in autumn and obviously have a larval parapause in Northern Norway. The adults of the species with winter larvae have no aestivation period in summer which is the case for at least some of the species in Central Europe. The species with winter larvae therefore start to reproduce much earlier in the season in Northern Norway than farther south.
    [Show full text]
  • Dynamique De La Biodiversité Et Changements Environnementaux En Corse Depuis 7 000 Ans Éclairages Paléoentomologiques Et Paléobotaniques
    Doctorat Aix-Marseille Université École Doctorale 251 : « Sciences de l’Environnement » Thèse préparée à l’IMBE Dynamique de la biodiversité et changements environnementaux en Corse depuis 7 000 ans Éclairages paléoentomologiques et paléobotaniques par Yoann Poher Soutenance prévue le 8 décembre 2017 devant le jury composé de : Nicole Limondin-Lozouet, directrice de recherche, Université de Paris 1, rapporteuse Hervé Brustel, maître de conférences, Université de Toulouse, rapporteur Mona Court-Picon, maître de conférences, Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, examinatrice Franck Richard, professeur, Université de Montpellier, examinateur Valérie Andrieu-Ponel, maître de conférences, Aix-Marseille Université, examinatrice Philippe Ponel, directeur de recherche, Aix-Marseille Université, directeur de thèse Frédéric Guiter, maître de conférences, Aix-Marseille Université, co-directeur de thèse Frédéric Médail, professeur, Aix-Marseille Université, co-directeur de thèse Cette thèse a bénéficié des financements : Bourse de l’école doctorale ED 251 Programme DyPaCo : Dynamique des paléoenvironnements de la Corse, Office de l’environnement de la Corse (OEC)/Conservatoire botanique national de Corse (pilotage F. MÉDAIL, L. HUGOT) Programme CoP²A : Corsican Palaeoclimate, Palaeoenvironments & Anthropization, Laboratoire d’Excellence Objectif-Terre Bassin méditerranéen (Labex OT-Med), Aix Marseille Université (pilotage F. GUITER) Remerciements Les archives sédimentaires recueillies au cours de terrains inoubliables ont constitué l’unique fenêtre permettant d’entrevoir les changements anciens des paysages de Corse. Leur étude durant ces quatre années de thèse a présenté pour moi un intérêt scientifique certain mais aussi un plaisir pour l’imagination. Ces années de thèse m’ont permis de rencontrer, travailler ou simplement côtoyer des personnes qui m’ont enrichi scientifiquement et/ou humainement ; je souhaiterais les remercier ici.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study of Carabidae of Arable Land with Special Reference to Effects of Soil Applied Pesticides
    1. A study of Carabidae of arable land with special reference to effects of soil applied pesticides by BRIAN R. CRITCHLEY, B.Sc.(Wales) Dip.Agric.Sci.(Cantab0 A thesis submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of London. Imperial College Field Station Sunninghill Ascot, Berkshire. May, 1968 2. ABSTRACT Carabidae in arable fields were studied at the Imperial College Field Station from November, 1964 to July, 1967 inclusive. Sampling was by pitfall trapping using modified plastic, plant pots. Within-trap predation was reduced by separating large from small species with a zinc gauze grid. Eighty-five species of Carabidae were recorded but only 15-25 species were caught in sufficient numbers (>1% of total catch per annum) to be considered as potent- ially valuable predators. Absolute numbers of Bembidion lampros were estimated using the mark and recapture method and were equivalent to two individuals per square foot of land in June during the summer peak of activity. Natural mortality factors were studied in carabid larvae with special emphasis on insect parasitism. The residual contact and fumigant toxicities of thion- azin in sandy loam soil to adult Carabidae were studied in different environmental conditions and with individuals of different species, size, sex, age, and physiological condition. The minimal effective dosage (the smallest amount to give >95% kill as an end point) at 15°C as determined by time/mortality studies with Bembidion lampros and Pterostichus vulgaris was 1-4 p.p.m. (2-8 lb.a.i./6" acre). The relative toxicities of four organophosphorus pesticides to B.lampros, P.vulgaris.
    [Show full text]