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Cambridge University Press 0521792096 - Richelieu’s Army: War, Government and Society in France, 1624-1642 David Parrott Index More information

Index

Total consistency in creatingan index which incorporates largenumbers of the French noblesse would be both dif®cult to achieve, and in many cases counter-intuitive. For the lower ranks of the nobility, and especially the noblesse de robe, I have usually indexed the individuals under family names rather than seigneurial titles ± hence Jean Choisy, sr de Beaumont, or Jean-Baptiste Bretagne, marquis de Courcy. However, there are some cases where such persons were clearly identi®ed by their seigneurial title in contemporary correspondence and by subsequent historians, such that it would be perverse not to use this title: ReneÂ Voyer, sr d'Argenson,LeÂon le Bouthillier, comte de Chavigny (yet, at a similar social level, Claude Bullion, not marquis de Gallardon). On a few occasions where confusion may be generated by this I have cross- referenced family name and siegneurial titles. At the level of the grands, indexingby (most prestigious) title tends to be the lesser of two evils, precluding some of the confusion over different generations of the family with similar names ± mareÂchal CreÂqui was recognized by contemporaries and subsequent historians in a way that `Charles de Blanchefort' is not. In the case of sovereign families, I have adopted the convention of indexing under ®rst names: Charles VIII, kingof France, Carlo Emmanuele I, duke of Savoy.

Abbeville, 119, 128, 344n127, 450, 457n263, Aldringen, Johann von, Imperial general, 94 506n6, 522, 537 AlencËon, 515n54 absenteeism of of®cers, 14, 47, 325, 362±5, Alincourt, Charles de Neufville-Villeroy, 395, 521, 543n177 marquis d', 209±10, 338n97, 383n80, academies, French military, 39±40 509n21, 512 Aelian, Claudius, 25 Allais, Grace of, 94 affaires extraordinaires, 232, 235, 238, 241, Alluye, Charles de Sourdis, marquis d', 62 242, 260 Alsace, 75, 79, 80, 104, 106, 115, 116, 118, Agen, 531n124 126, 147, 191, 193, 195, 201, 205, 268, AigreÂmont, Laon d', 35n58 269, 294, 413, 421, 448, 454, 459, Aiguebonne, Rostang-Antoine d'Urre du 535n142 Puy-Saint-Martin, sr d', 323n39, 325n51 Amelia of Hanau, widow of landgrave Aiguillon, see Combalet Wilhelm V of Hesse-Kassel, 298 Aire, 148±50, 214±5 Amiens, 119, 128, 388, 412, 451, 486, Aix-en-Provence, 39 531n123, 541 Alais, Louis-Emmanuel de Valois, comte d', amirauteÂ du Levant, 481 colonel geÂneÂral de la cavalerie leÂgeÁre, 62, amirauteÂ du Ponant, 469±70, 481, 485 348n142, 377, 442±3, 474, 484, 529n113 Andelot, Charles de ChaÃtillon, marquis d', Alba, 124 351n151 579

Index AndreÂ, Louis, 538 Auxerre, 532n131 AngouleÃme, Charles de Valois, mareÂchal d', Avaux, Claude de Mesmes, comte d', 54, 32, 63, 257, 411, 414, 467, 484, 491, 498 294n50, 300±1, 371 Angoumois, 127, 197, 370, 472, 523 Avein, battle of, 22 May 1635, 58, 75, 113 Anjou, 411 Avenel, vicomte Georges d', 2 Anne of Austria, Regency of (1643±51), Avigliano, 97, 140 162±3, 470±1 Ardres, 158, 519n66 Baden, 27 Argencour, Pierre-Conty d', ingeÂnieur du roi, Balme, sr, intendant, 385, 392n125, 447 249±50, 387n99 Baltazar, Jean-Baptiste , sr de Malherbe, Argenson, ReneÂ Voyer, sr d', intendant, intendant, 438, 440n183, 443±4, 348n141, 393±4, 418, 439n181, 441n185, 451n238 444n202, 445n207, 448n225, 450, 457, ban et arrieÁre-ban, 63±5, 116, 120, 192, 198, 460n283, 495 208, 230, 314, 319, 410n55, 456, 519 Arnaud d'Andilly, Robert, intendant, 39, 374, BaneÂr, Johan, Swedish general, 54, 61, 66, 378n59, 394n138, 444, 445±6, 454, 107, 134, 154, 211, 279, 283, 296 456n261 Bapaume, 150, 155, 457n264, 494 Arnauld, Pierre, mestre de camp, 39n71 Barcelona, 146, 153, 163, 213 Arnoul, sr, commissaire des guerres and Barrault, Jean de Gaillard de BeÂarn, comte de, controÃleur des deniers destineÂsaÁ la 116 subsistance des troupes, 274, 403n18, 417, BartheÂlemy brothers, munitionnaires, 256 421 Basle, 106, 126, 382n75 Arpajon, Louis d', vicomte de Montal, Bassompierre, FrancËois de Betstein, mareÂchal, mareÂchal de camp, 114n167, 386n95 30, 46n97, 51, 53, 372n27, 426, 484±5, Arras, 58, 59, 136, 142, 150, 156, 204, 210, 493 269, 301, 344, 346n137, 392, 395, Batilly, colonel, 196n118 412±13, 416, 452, 457, 463, 494, 503, Battalion (bataillon), 20, 51±54, 57 530n117, 537, 540n165, 541 Bavaria, duchy, then (1625) electorate of, 80, arrieÁre-ban, see ban et arrieÁre-ban 104, 107, 163 artillery, 65±71, 218, 227, 247n86, 388±90, army, 52, 108, 154, 280, 297, 353 475±6 Baxter, Douglas, 454 see also grand maõÃtre Bayard, FrancËoise, 263 Artois, 112 Bayeux, 524 Aubray, Dreux d', sr d' Offement, intendant, BeÂarn, 53 381n69, 421, 428n137, 429n140, 450, Beauclerc, Charles de, baron d'ArcheÁres et de 456n262, 459n278 Rougement, secreÂtaire d'Etat de la guerre Aubray, Henri d', commissaire des guerres, 392, 1624±31, 367 401n3, 403, 508n16 Beaufort, FrancËois de Bourbon-VendoÃme, duc Aubusson, FrancËois d', sr de Beauregard, 29 de, 377n49, 474n46 Augsburg, War of League of, 164 BeaupreÂ,srde,commissaire de l'artillerie, Aumont, Antoine de Rochebaron, mareÂchal 388n108 d', 291 Beauvais, 412n62, 520n70, 531, 540n168 Aurignac, sr d', mareÂchal de camp (?) and Beauvau de Rivarennes, Gabriel de, bishop of military theorist, 29, 35, 56±7 Nantes, 257±8, 412 Austria (HabsburgHereditary Lands), 1, 86, Beik, William, 544 111 Belhomme, Victor, 166±7 Auvergne, 265, 439n181, 513n41, 522n82, Bellejamme, Louis Le Maistre, sr de, 523, 540 intendant, 41n82, 344n127, 421, 428n137, 580

Index 429n140, 430n148, 449, 450±1, 458, d'Auvergne, duke of, 29, 30, 148, 160, 524n87 214, 219, 474n46, 490 BelleÃme, 515 Bouillon, Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, duke BellieÁvre, Nicolas de, sr de Grignon, preÂsident of, 28, 40 of Parlement of Paris, 495 Boullet (BoulleÂ), Nicolas, commissaire des BellieÁvre, Pierre de, sr de Grignan, guerres, 403 ambassador to England, 311nn 124 and Boulogne, Boulonnais, 451, 519n66 125 Bourbon, House of, see French kings by name, Belot, Guillaume, sr du Clos, commissaire des and CondeÂ, Conti, Soissons guerres, 407n42, 409n52, 425n126 Bourges, 431n149 Berault, commissaire pour les subsistances, 428 Bourguignon, Louis, commissaire des guerres, Berger, commissaire des guerres, 407n42 393±4 Bertheneau, sr, surgeon with army of Bournonville, Ambroise-FrancËois, marquis Lorraine, 535n146 de, 62, 338n101 BesancËon, Bernard du Plessis, sr de, sergent de Boutault, Gilles, bishop of Aire-sur-l'Adour, bataille, 146±7, 408n46, 419, 433n154 403, 413 BesancËon, Charles de Bazoches, sr de, Bouteret, sr, commissaire des guerres, 405n31, commissaire des guerres, 394, 402n8, 403, 425n124 406n37, 407±8, 424±6, 427n133, 433 Bouthillier, Claude (le), surintendant des BeÂthune, LeÂonidas de, seigneur de Congy, ®nances 1632±43, 172, 198, 210, 238±40, mestre de camp,29 243, 252, 253, 255±6, 261±2, 264, 266, BeÂthune, Philippe de, 185 270, 274±5, 371±2, 417n83, 433n159, BevandieÁre, Cognesceau, sr de, preÂvoÃt, 510n26, 512n37 372n27 Boyer, commissaire des guerres, 391 Bidal, commissaire des guerres, 373n27 Bragelongne, Jean de, commissaire des guerres, Biez, colonel, 324n42 subsequently intendant, 251n102, Bigot, Jacques, controÃleur geÂneÂral des guerres, 346n134, 401n4, 433, 438 376n40, 431n149 Bragelongne, Marie de (wife of Claude Billon, Jean de, military theorist, 28, 33±4, Bouthillier), 438 35, 36, 37, 41, 51, 52 Brandenburg, Electorate of, 27, 121 Biou, Jacques, commissaire, 251n103, 424±5, Brassac, Jean de Gallard de BeÂarn, comte de, 427 governor of Nancy, 67, 293, 325n51 Biron, Charles de Gontaut, mareÂchal de, 32, Breda, 31, 124 472 Breisach, 129±31, 134, 138, 143, 189, 205, Bletterans, 125 294, 295 Blois, 513n41 Breitenfeld, battle of, 17 Sept. 1631, 23, 27, Bohemia, kingdom of, 159 36, 66, 78, 101, 170 revolt of, 84±5, 534n135 Breitenfeld/Leipzig, battle of, 2 Nov. 1642, BoissieÁre, sr, commissaire des guerres, 417 81, 159 Bonney, Richard, 8, 239, 243, 276, 452 Breme, 131, 495 Bordeaux, 193, 441n186, 459 Bresse, 384, 424 Bordeaux, Guillaume, sr de GeÂnitoy, Brest, 67 intendant, 374, 384n90, 418±20 Bretagne, Jean-Baptiste, marquis de Courcy, Bosquet, FrancËois, intendant, 443±4, 451n238, commissaire des guerres, 391, 401n3, 460 403n15, 405n31, 456n261 Bossolino, treaty of, 96n64 Breteche, sr, commissaire des guerres, 403n13, Bouault, munitionnaire, 256±7, 414 405n31 Bouillon, FreÂdeÂric-Maurice de La Tour BreÂzeÂ, Armand de MailleÂ, marquis de, 478 581

Index BreÂzeÂ, Urbain de MailleÂ, mareÂchal de, 50, 62, Campion, Henri de, 30, 71±2, 364n198, 65, 113±14, 150, 155, 189, 191, 203±5, 534n135 215, 217, 253, 261, 265, 341n114, 363, Canisy, marquis de, mestre de camp, 456 410, 413, 444, 447, 454, 478, 482, 489, Carces, Jean de Pontevez, comte de, 332n76 498±9, 500, 503, 508n17 Carezzano, Jean-Baptiste, munitionnaire, 256 Brittany, 244, 262, 403n13 Carlo Emanuele I, duke of Savoy Brouage, 67 (1585±1630), 31, 86±7, 91±2, 96, 97, Brunswick, duchy of, 27, 154 183, 480 Brussels, 58, 109, 113 Carlo Emanuele II, duke of Savoy (1638±75), BudeÂe, sr, commissaire des guerres, 402n11 132, 139, 219 Budes, Jean-Baptiste, see GueÂbriant Carmagnola, 140, 505 Bullion, Claude, marquis de Gallardon, sr de Carrias, EugeÁne, 468 Bonnelles, surintendant des ®nances Casale, 59, 68n200, 71, 92±3, 94, 97±100, 1632±40, 122±3, 169, 172, 174, 176, 103, 140, 151, 161, 163, 185±7, 188, 206, 225, 234, 238±40, 242±3, 245±6, 251, 211±12, 275, 369, 479, 485, 505 253, 255, 260, 261±2, 263, 264±5, 266, Castelan, Olivier de Fortia, sr de, mareÂchal de 267, 270, 276, 340, 351, 371±2, 386, 393, camp, 160, 357n168 394, 401n5, 414, 422n105, 423n107, Castelnaudery, 519n67 433n153, 444, 446, 477, 487n107, 506n8, Castile, kingdom of, 81, 111, 132 510±11, 512n38, 515n52, 552 Catalonia, kingdom of, 81, 135±6, 153, bureau de la guerre, 9, 363, 371±3, 461, 502, 154±7, 163, 216±17, 269, 363, 364, 460, 555 497, 552 bureau des ®nances, 12, 60, 129, 145, 177, 225, revolt of, 81, 112, 136, 145±6, 152±3, 155, 235±9, 241, 243, 244, 245, 246, 253, 257, 213, 216 259, 260, 261±2, 267, 270±6, 374, 414, CaÃtelet, 66, 68, 128, 205, 495n141 432, 440, 461, 510±12, 514, 516, 523, 538 Caumarin, sr de, mestre de camp, 336n88 Burgundy, 46, 66, 96, 121, 124, 198±9, 201, Caumartin, sr de, commissaire pour les 209, 212, 217, 321, 384, 413, 424, 441, subsistances, 428, 518n63 484, 487, 536n152 Caumesnil, Artus de MoreuÈil, sr de, 341n114 Buson, captain, 345n130 Cauvisson, baron de, 323n41 Busset, HeÂleÁne de, 521 cavalry, 59±65, 149n389, 190, 282n14, 307, Bussy, Charles de Lameth, comte de, 340, 422n105, 473±5 357n169, 414n71 see also colonel geÂneÂral and surtaux Bussy, LeÂonor de Rabutin, sr de, 336n91, central control of French war-effort, 90, 350n148, 351n151 169±78, 258, 366±7, 381±2, 414±15, Bussy, Roger de Rabutin, sr de, 323n38, 468, 501±4, 539, 547, 552 325n51, 332, 350, 357n167, 407, centralization/decentralization of political 474nn46, 47 and 48, 494, 521, 522, authority, 5±13, 165, 262, 277±8, 525n97, 528 349±50, 390±2, 395, 432, 434±6, 475, Butler, lieutenant-colonel, 530 479, 513±14, 544±6, 547±52 Ceva, 151 Caen, 460n282, 511n32 CeÂvennes, 327 Calais, 265, 349, 388, 449, 499, 506n6, 519n66 Chaboche, Robert, 517 Callot, Jacques, 527 Chalais, Henri de Talleyrand, comte de (and Calvinism, 25, 28, 82 1626 conspiracy), 479, 483 see also Huguenots ChaÃlons, 68, 272, 382n76, 388, 431, 456, 520, Cambout de PontchaÃteau, Marguerite de, 488 530n120 Cambout de PontchaÃteau, Marie de, 483 ChambeÂry, 97 582

Index Chamblay, commissaire des guerres, 293 ChaÃteauneuf, Charles de l'Aubespine, Chamblay, sr du, mestre de camp, 442n193 marquis de, garde des sceaux, 484 chambres de justice, 239 ChaÃtillon, Gaspard de Coligny III, mareÂchal Chamb(r)onneau, commissaire pour les de, 46, 60, 66, 113±14, 124, 127, 128, subsistances, 431n151, 512n39 134, 136, 138, 141±2, 148±9, 190, Champagne, 46, 60, 62, 75, 80, 95, 103±4, 200±1, 203±4, 207, 209±10, 213±14, 119±21, 124, 148, 157±8, 167, 176, 184, 252, 290, 310, 344, 358n170, 359, 416, 186±7, 192, 195±9, 218, 252, 262, 265, 423n109, 430, 441n185, 444n200, 447, 393, 394, 403, 416, 417, 418, 420±1, 424, 456±7, 463, 467n13, 482, 486, 491, 498, 449±50, 484, 486, 487, 494±5, 506n6, 499, 500, 502n169, 503, 521n78, 528±9, 513n42, 537n153, 545 540, 541 Champigny, FrancËois Bochart, sr de, Chaufourneau, commissaire des guerres, 404n25 intendant, 348, 421, 429n140, 438, Chaulnes, HonoreÂ d'Albert, mareÂchal de, 32, 442±3, 448n225 61, 142, 196, 209, 250n97, 261, 265, Chantelou, commissaire des guerres, 391n121 336n92, 344, 441n185, 442n193, 449, Chapelles, FrancËois de Rosmadec, comte des, 452n241, 456n261, 487, 498, 540n165 551 Chaulnes, Jacques, sr d'Epinay, intendant, 422, Chapelles, sr des, governor of Cirk, 494 451, Chaponay, Humbert, sr de Lisle, intendant, Chaumont, 524n91 428n137, 524n90, 528n110 Chavigny, LeÂon le Bouthillier, comte de, Charles I, kingof England,Ireland and secreÂtaire d'Etat, 46n96, 48, 124, 192, Scotland, 1625±49, 88 253, 254, 260, 261, 264, 265, 305, Charles IV, duke of Lorraine and Bar 369±70, 435n169, 438, 457n263, 1625±75, 79, 80, 103±5, 106, 114, 116, 459n281, 487n107, 499, 503, 552 119, 120, 125, 130, 137, 147±8, 158, 188, Cherasco, 100, 101, 103, 140, 151 215, 299, 480±1, 482, 490±1 Chivasso, 139±40, 151 Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor 1519±58, ChivreÂ, FrancËoise-Marguerite de, 489 84, 305 Choisy, Jean, sr de Beaumont, intendant, 49, Charles VII, kingof France 1422±61, 230, 51, 207, 258n133, 296, 301, 381n69, 390, 288 393, 401n3, 403, 406n39, 407n43, 416, Charles VIII, kingof France 1483±98, 164, 418, 421n99, 428n137, 440n183, 441, 182 445, 449, 450n237, 455±6, 457n263, Charles of Gonzaga-Nevers, duke of Mantua 460n286, 520±1 1627±37, 30, 91±3, 96, 103, 185±6, Christian IV, kingof Denmark 1588±1648, 344n125, 479 31 Charles de Lorraine, duc d'Elbeuf, 481±2 Cinq-Mars, Henri Coef®er de RuzeÂ, marquis Charles de Lorraine, fourth duc de Guise, 30, de, 160, 490 481, 493n132 Cinq-Mars, Pierre de Broc, abbeÂ de, 411±12, Charles, Jacques, commissaire des guerres, 412n62 404n26 Clairac, 135 Charleville, 349 Clanleu, Bertrand d'Ostove, sr de, 521n75 Charmes, 105 Clanleu, commissaire des guerres, 196 Charmouluc, sr, 423n108, 538n161 Claude de Lorraine, duc de Chevreuse, 30, CharnaceÂ, Hercule-Girard, baron de, 481 ambassador to the States General, 171 Cleves, 114, 183 Charost, Louis de BeÂthune, comte de, clientelism/clientage, 11, 14, 29, 90, 133, 149, 269n181, 338n98, 349 188, 254, 261±2, 321, 324, 326±7, 341, Charost, commissaire des guerres, 405n31 342, 360, 372, 393±4, 400, 410, 438±9, 583

Index clientelism/clientage (cont.) 350, 363, 413, 415, 439n181, 441±2, 441±4, 461, 467, 488, 491, 498, 514, 531, 452n245, 454, 466, 476±7, 480, 485, 486, 552±6 488, 491, 494, 496±8, 499±501, 513n43, Clozier, Pierre, commissaire des guerres, 402, 532, 535n142, 536n152 405n31, 407n43 CondeÂ, Louis II de, see Enghien Code Michau (1629), 41, 320, 331n69, 342±3, conneÂtable, 9, 372, 464, 469±70, 485 348, 376, 440, 522n82, 526, 534n137 conneÂtablie et mareÂchausseÂe, 376±9, 390, Cognac, 532 473n41 Cohon, Anthime-Denis, bishop of NõÃmes, 410 conseils de guerre, 136, 378, 380, 420, 445, 453, Colbert, Jean-Baptiste, controleur-geÂneÂral des 486, 494, 504, 528±33 ®nances, 255 Conti, Armand de Bourbon, prince de, 321 Colbert de Saint-Pouange, Jean-Baptiste, `contributions', 60, 79±81, 119, 120, 143, 156, commissaire des guerres, 404n27 195, 252, 267±9, 270n184, 275, 281±3, Collalto, Rombaldo, Imperial general, 94 285±6, 287, 309n117, 337n92, 439n181, Collins, James, 230±1, 241, 244 458, 493, 500, 513, 550 Collioure, 152±3, 156, 216±17, 496 controÃleurs des guerres, 249, 250, 375±6, 461±2 Colmar, 495 Coquault, Oudart, 545 Cologne, Electorate of, 158±9, 218 Corbie, 66, 68, 119, 121, 134, 157, 170, 176, colonel geÂneÂral de l'infanterie, 9, 47, 291, 322, 198, 265±6, 486, 495n141 372, 377, 390, 464, 470±4, 483, 538 CoÂrdoba, Gonzalo FernaÂndez de, governor of colonel de la cavalerie leÂgeÁre, 377n49, 464, Milanese, 91 473n42, 474 Corneille, abbeÂ de, 411, 412n60 colonel de la cavalerie allemande, 301±2, 378, Cornillon, sr de, aide de camp, 409 474 Cornuel, commissaire des guerres, 405n31 colonel des dragons, 475 Corsica, 304 colonel des Suisses et Grisons, 464 Corvisier, AndreÂ, 164, 517 Combalet, Marie-Madelaine Vignerot de, Cosade, commissaire des guerres, 406n38 duchesse d'Aiguillon (1638), 158n441, CosseÂ-Brissac, Charles de, colonel geÂneÂral des 470 gens de pied, 471n30 commanderie de Saint Louis, BiceÃtre, Paris, 539 Courcy, marquis de, 391 Commercy, 515n51 Coursan, abbeÂ de, 411, 413 commissaire geÂneÂral de la cavalerie, 474 CreÂcy, 537 commissaires des guerres (aÁ la conduite, des CreÂqui, Charles de Blanchefort, mareÂchal de, montres) 180, 249, 250, 259, 348, 354±5, 32, 46n97, 76, 94n59, 116±17, 124, 131, 356±7, 361±2, 371, 376, 379±80, 391±2, 185, 199, 265, 335n85, 361, 472, 480, 393, 400±8, 410, 423±4, 433±4, 438, 482, 495n145, 525n93 439, 461±2, 508, 515, 526, 528, 529 Crescentino, 160 commissaires des vivres, 382±5, 416±17, 421 Crillon, Louis de Berton, sr de, mestre de commissaires pour les subsistances, 415, 422±32, camp, 472 509, 512, 515±16, 518n63 Croats, 60±1, 304 company, as an organizational unit, 48±50, Croisilles, commissaire des guerres, 402 181, 304, 329±30, 339±40 croquant rebellions (1635±37), 127, 197, 202 CompieÁgne, 412 Cuneo, 151 CondeÂ, Henri II de Bourbon, prince de, 62, 71, 73, 75n225, 76, 80, 90, 119, 120, 121, Dampierre, Henri Duval, comte de, 30 124, 132±3, 134, 145, 152±3, 158, 185, Damvillers, 201 195±8, 201, 203, 206, 208, 216, 247±8, Dancy, sr, commissaire des guerres, 401n4 289, 300, 321, 332, 339n101, 345n131, Daniel, PeÁre Gabriel, SJ, 3 584

Index DauphineÂ, 96, 99, 183, 230, 262, 271n188, Eberhard III, duke of Wurtttemburg, 49, 106 291, 322, 370, 451, 507n11, 508n15, Eberstein, Graf von, colonel, 219 510n26 ecclesiastics, involvement in military `Day of Dupes', 10/11 Nov. 1630, 100, administration, 251, 257±8, 327, 484±5, 493 410±12, 535±7, 553 deniers revenans bons, 173, 175, 226, 248±50, Ef®at, Antoine Coef®er de RuzeÂ, marquis d', 357 mareÂchal and surintendant des ®nances, 98, Denmark, army of, 78, 300 188, 371, 388, 465 Descartes, ReneÂ,31 Ef®at, Martin de RuzeÂ, marquis de, mestre de desertion of soldiers, 14, 44±5, 48, 55, camp, 521n75 64n176, 86, 90, 91, 98,115, 120, 129, 143, Egenfeld, colonel, 43n88, 474n45 158, 175±6, 179, 186±7, 205n179, 296, Ehrenbreitstein, 104, 106 346, 347, 379, 395, 402, 410, 452, 457, Elna, 56, 153 518n64, 519, 533, 538, 540±42 Enghien, Louis II de Bourbon, duc d' (prince Desgranges (des Granges), Charles, de CondeÂ from 1646), 19, 31, 62, 65, 66, commissaire des guerres, 402, 424±5, 248±9, 321, 480, 492, 551, 554 433n157, 512n35 England, 81, 88, 303, 483, 485 Desmaretz (Demarests), Anthoine, enterprise/entrepreneurship, military, 48, commissaire des guerres, 392, 401n4 228, 259, 268, 278±81, 283±7, 290±2, Dessert, Daniel, 244, 433 329, 336±41, 347±8, 350, 353±4, 366, Destouches, commissaire des guerres, 402, 403, 465, 549±50 417, 431n151 Epernay, 520n70 Dijon, 121 Epernon, Jean-Louis de Nogaret de La disbandment/licenciement of troops, 43, 50, Valette, duc d', 32, 47, 90, 122, 126±7, 51n121, 175, 190, 272, 284n21, 328±31, 132±3, 185, 198, 202, 289, 291, 334n85, 349±52, 401, 422±3, 431, 533, 539±40 441, 452n245, 470±4, 482±3, 487±8, DoÃle, 71, 80, 119, 120, 124, 196±7, 486 493, 495 Douglas, James, colonel, 307, 309n115, Erlach, Hans Ludwig, baron of Castelan and 530n119 Gauwestein, 138, 295, 310n120, 466 Doullens, 119, 362, 494, 506n6 Espenan comte d', Roger de Bussolts, Dreux, 525 mareÂchal de camp, 146, 213, 439n181, 494 Dreux, Bernard, commissaire des guerres, esprit de corps, 20, 46, 49, 519 393±4 Estrades, Godefroy d', 209, 211 duelling, 551 EstreÂes, FrancËois-Annibal d', marquis de Dunkirk, 163 Cúuvres, 86, 183, 185n61, 484 DupreÂ, BartheÂleÂmeÂ, sr de ChatuleÂ, intendant, eÂtapes, 270±1, 272, 308, 383, 403, 411n61, 259n136, 428n138, 431n151, 519n67 460n282, 507±9, 510, 511±12, 514±16, Dutch Republic, 101±2, 106, 158, 161, 190, 517, 522, 534, 537, 541, 542n172, 543, 196, 200, 203, 263, 266±7, 305, 312, 449, 555 476n56, 500 Evennes, sr d', captain, 348 armies, 27, 28, 49, 52, 102, 113±14, 118, 124, 127, 134, 141, 157, 169, 190, 218±19 Fabert, Abraham, mareÂchal, 39, 43n89, 318, military reforms, 19, 20, 21, 22, 25±6, 32, 334nn 82 and 85, 466, 492 33, 34, 40, 69, 82, 83, 547 Falcombel, Jean-Dominique, munitionnaire, States General of, 109, 209 256 Dyel, Jacques, sr de MiromeÂnil, intendant, Fargis, Charles d'Angennes, comte du, 88n22, 438n174, 447, 449, 457n268, 459n278, 534n136 460 Farnese, Alessandro, duke of Parma, 78 585

Index FaureÂ, sr du, intendant, 419n94, 447±8, FreÁre, Claude, sr de Crolles, premier preÂsident 456n262 of Parlement of DauphineÂ, 383n81, Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor 507n12 (1619±37), 31, 85, 99±100, 186, 285, 311 Frondes, 163, 170, 261, 277, 288, 291, 367, Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor 383n78, 468, 545, 551±2 (1637±57), 81, 147, 163, 298 FuenterrabõÂa, 74, 75, 132±3, 134, 206, 207, Fernando, Cardinal-Infante, governor-general 470, 473, 483, 488, 495, 496±7 of the Spanish Netherlands 1634±41, 60, furia francese,71±3 119±20, 121 FeuquieÁres, ManasseÂs de Pas, marquis de, Gagnot, intendant des vivres, 418±21 51n121, 134, 137, 171, 192, 207, 310, Gaillard, commissaire des guerres, 405n31 393, 421n99, 441n187, 445, 455, Gallas, Matthias, Imperial general, 66, 114, 457n263, 465±6 115, 121, 125, 198 Flan, Jean, munitionnaire, 258 Gamin, Henri, maõÃtre des requeÃtes, 531n124 Flanders, see Netherlands, Spanish Gap, consuls of, 537n155 Flanders, Army of, see Spain, armies gardes francËaises, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45±6, 49, 50, Fontaines, sr des, commissaire pour les 185, 226, 332, 348, 472, 520n71, 522 subsistances, 428n138, 429n140, 431 gardes suisses, 45±6, 49, 185, 226, 303, 326n53 foreign mercenaries, French employment of, Gargan, Pierre, munitionnaire, 258, 415±16 293±312 garrisons, 230±1, 265±7, 344n127, 368±9, Fortia, Bernard, sr du Plessis-Claireau, 387, 423, 452, 505±6, 518±19, 526, 530, intendant, 428, 430n146, 431n150, 538±9 523n85 Gassion, Jean, comte de, 309n117, 466, 492, FoulleÂ, Etienne, sr de Prunevaux, intendant, 521, 531n122 441n186, 459 Gaucher, Pierre, commissaire des guerres, Fouquet, Nicolas, surintendant des ®nances, 402n11 255 Gaya, Louis de, military theorist, 57 Francesco Giacinto, duke of Savoy, 1637±8, gendarmes, 37, 38, 49n116, 168n11, 226, 229, 131±2 230, 322, 332, 334, 339 Franche-ComteÂ, 75, 80, 103, 119, 124, 125, Genlis, sr de, mestre de camp, 358n173 129±30, 138, 195, 197, 201, 203±5, 277, Genoa, Republic of, 87, 112, 161, 183±4, 300, 486, 534n135 290 FrancËois I, kingof France 1515±47, 182, 231, Gensac, baron de, 532 305 Gheyn, Jacob de, military theorist, 37, 38 FrancËoise de Lorraine-Mercoeur, 483±4 Gobelin, Claude, sr d'Aunoy, intendant, 384, Franconia, 104 420, 447n212, 448n225, 450, 453n248, Frankfurt, 382n75 457, 530, 532, 533n133 fraud, at musters and reviews, 168±9, 170, Goubert, Pierre, 545 180, 200, 214, 220, 245n76, 250±1, Goulas, LeÂonard, sr de FreÂmoy, 411n60 307±8, 354±5, 392, 395, 401±2, 408, Gramont, Antoine III de, comte de Guiche, 444, 526 31, 150, 157±8, 218, 301, 324n44, Frederick V, Palatine Elector, 84 353n157, 359, 373n27, 391, 489, 520 Frederik Hendrik, prince of Orange-Nassau, Grancey, Jacques de Rouxel, comte de, 19, 26, 113±14, 127, 159, 209 mareÂchal de camp, 158, 339n101 Freiburg, 303 grand maõÃtre de l'artillerie, 67±70, 227, 373, Fremin, Guillame, sr de Couronnes, 377, 379, 387±90, 402, 464, 475±7 intendant, 348n142, 428, 429n140, grand maõÃtre et surintendant geÂneÂral de la 430n146, 431n150 navigation (Richelieu), 470, 475, 481 586

Index grands, les (princely and ducal houses), 73, 90, Halluin, Charles de Nanteuil-Schomberg, duc 289, 291, 318, 321, 322, 334, 342, 360, d' (mareÂchal de Schombergfrom 1637), 395, 439, 463±9, 478±9, 484±6, 489±91, 44, 69, 76, 126, 132, 134, 145, 152, 156, 498±9, 501, 504, 520, 551, 553, 556 161, 202, 206, 209±10, 229, 266, 327n57, Granges, Charles des, commissaire des guerres, 411, 440n183, 444, 445, 452n245, 487, 402, 424, 425n128, 433n157, 512nn35 491±2, 494, 496±8, 507n9, 512, 513, and 37 515n52 Gravelines, 163 Hanotaux, Gabriel, 434 Greder, colonel, 304n89, 310 Harcourt, Henri de Guise-Lorraine, comte d', GreÂmonville, Nicolas Bretel, sr de, intendant, 30±1, 43, 44, 45, 59, 66, 71, 75, 76, 123, 309n117, 352n155, 421, 428n138, 141, 144±5, 146, 147, 150±1, 157±8, 429n140, 431, 441n185, 444n200, 457, 160, 161, 209, 211±12, 215, 218±19, 460n282, 513n42 275, 277, 353n157, 358n172, 359, 362, GrillieÂ, Nicolas, bishop of UzeÁs, 410 441n185, 445n207, 466, 467, 482, 488±9, Grisons, 85, 86, 117, 183 492, 495, 500, 503, 505, 551 Gualdo Priorato, count Galeazzo, 26n16, 37 Hay du Chastelet, Paul, military theorist, Guastalla, Ferrante Gonzaga, duke of, 91 282n14 GueÂ, Gaspard du, sr de Bagnols, intendant des Hebron [Hepburn], Sir John (colonel), 188 ®nances and treÂsorier at Lyons, 374, 384, Heere, Denis, sr de Vaudois, intendant, 428n137 428n137, 431n149 GueÂbriant, Jean-Baptiste Budes, comte de, 75, Heidelberg, 108 81, 138±9, 143, 154, 157±9, 204, 205, Heilbronn League, 293 219, 293nn45 and 46, 294, 295, 302, 390, HeÂmery, Michel Particelli, sr d', extraordinary 445, 465, 492, 498, 503 ambassador in Savoy, 46, 59, 124, 131, GueÂneÂgaud, Gabriel, treÂsorier de l'eÂpargne, 232 132, 171, 195, 199±200, 264, 266, GueÂrapin, intendant des ®nances, 264 346n136, 371, 374, 414n74, 419, 447, Guiche, see Gramont 459n275, 503, 509n23, 518n65 Guienne, 122, 126±7, 132, 134, 198, 202, 204, Henri II, kingof France 1547±59, 182n44, 217, 247, 277, 403, 413, 483, 487±8, 498, 305 513n43, 519 Henri III, kingof France 1574±89, 367, Guignard, Pierre, commissaire des guerres, 392 471±2, 481 Guillory, commissaire des guerres, 417 Henri IV, kingof France 1589±1610, 183, Guise, town of, 451, 458, 524 190, 230, 288, 368, 433, 481n75, 551 Guron, Jean de Rechignevoison de, governor Henri de Guise-Lorraine, archbishop of of Brouage, 89, 535n142 Reims, 148 Gustavus II Adolphus, kingof Sweden Henri de Lorraine, 3rd duc de Guise, 472, 1611±32, 19, 21±3, 29, 31, 35, 54, 66, 481, 482 67, 71, 99, 105, 107, 170, 278, 282n15, Hermann Adolf, count of Salm, 106 285, 547 Hesdin, 58, 59, 71n214, 136±8, 141, 150, 156, 207, 445, 451 Habsburg, House of, 84, 85, 101, 111, 366, 485 Hesse, Moritz, prince of, 27 Haguenau, 158 Hesse, troops of, 219 Hallier, FrancËois de l'HoÃpital, seigneur du, Heucourt, sr d', governor of Doullens, 494 60, 66, 125, 128, 137, 142, 158, 201, 215, Hocquincourt, Charles de Mouchy, marquis 252, 267, 272n194, 294, 299, 305±6, d', 294n49 307±8, 326n52, 347n138, 353n157, Hocquincourt, George de Mouchy d', 406n35, 440n184, 442n193, 482n81, 535, governor of Lorraine, 421n98 541n168, 542n174 Hoeufft, Jean, ®nancier, 263 587

Index Holy Roman Empire, German territories of, 187, 190, 195, 197, 199, 203, 206, 208±9, 6, 33, 81, 85, 101, 104, 107, 114, 121, 211±12, 215±16, 219, 244, 265, 266, 139, 143, 153±4, 158±9, 161, 163, 192, 275, 277, 361, 384, 394, 414n74, 419n94, 195, 201, 205, 267±8, 277, 279, 282, 283, 431n151, 444n202, 446, 447, 456n260, 287, 294, 300, 305, 306±7, 310±12, 329, 457, 485, 490, 495, 536 354, 420, 447n212, 454, 465, 495, 518 Italy, campaigns in north, 62, 76, 86, 92±100, Honnecourt, battle of, 29 May 1642, 75, 101, 112, 116, 123±4, 131±2, 139±41, 157±8, 159, 218, 301, 489 145, 159±61, 163, 187, 193, 211, 219, HonoreÂ II Grimaldi, prince of Monaco, 264±5, 276, 305, 343±4, 364, 369, 478, 322n34 480, 484, 487, 503, 505, 518, 535, 552 Horn, Gustav, Swedish general, 297 Italy, Leagues of, 102n100, 109, 116, 118, 139, hospitals, and medical provision, 404, 151, 161, 299 456n261, 534±7 Ivoy, 138 Houssay, Claude Mallier, sr du, intendant des Ivrea, 150, 215 ®nances, 416n78, 417±18, 419±20 Huguenots, 2, 28, 29, 31, 83, 85, 87±8, 92, 93, Jacquart, Jean, 545 95, 184±5, 231, 289±90, 480, 482 Jankow, battle of, 5 Mar. 1645, 81 HumieÁres, Louis de Crevant, marquis d', Jeannin de Castille, Nicolas, 254 254 Jesuits, Order of, 536±7 Hums, colonel, 48, 304 Hungary, 30, 31, 32, 33, 58, 83 Kempen, battle of, 17 Jan. 1642, 158, 219 Huxelles, Jacques du BleÂ, marquis d', 254 Kentzingen, battle of, Aug. 1637, 125 Kleve±JuÈlich, succession dispute, 183, 381 Illa, 146, 213 Koblenz, 104, 106, 118, 189 Ile de France, 263, 424, 506 Koulas, colonel, 306 Imbert, Pierre, intendant, 357n168, 392, Kroener, Bernhard, 50, 56, 181, 516 402n8, 445, 446n210 Imperial armies, 27, 30, 31, 48, 49, 52, 54, 61, La Baume de La Suze, Louis-FrancËois, 66, 76, 78, 94, 98, 99±100, 105, 106, 108, bishop of Viviers, 410 112, 113, 116, 121, 125, 129, 137, 148, La BasseÂe, 150, 157 154, 159, 194, 198, 205, 280, 290, 353 La Bastide, sr de, intendant, 452n241 Imperial (Habsburg) foreign policy, 108, 184, La Boderie, sr de, French resident in Hesse- 238 Kassel, 298 intendant geÂneÂral de la navigation, 478 La Capelle, 68, 119, 125, 201, 404, 495n141 intendants, 8, 10, 49, 259, 356, 434±62, 512 La Chapelle, 349 intendants d'armeÂe, 9, 252, 266, 301, 348, 374, La ChariteÂ, Order of, 536 380±1, 384±5, 400, 415, 434±62, 528, La ClavieÁre, sr de, 351n154 540, 553 La Cour(t), Jean de, commissaire des guerres, intendants des provinces, 9, 383, 400, 427±8, 258, 394n134, 425n124 449±53, 514 La Douze, sr de, mestre de camp, 336n88 Ireland, and Irish troops in French service, La Ferronaye, Jacques Ferron, sr de, 337n93, 112, 279, 303±4, 307±8, 309, 423n108, 351n152 518, 530 La FerteÂ, Henri II de Saint-Nectaire, marquis Isabella Clara Eugenia, regent of Spanish de, 392 Netherlands, 107 La FerteÂ,srde,commissaire pour les Isola, colonel, 304 subsistances, 428n137, 431n150 Italy, French forces in, 54, 56, 59, 65, 66, 73, La FerteÂ-Bernard, 525 95, 116, 117, 134, 140, 150±1, 160, 182, La FerteÂ-Imbault, Jacques d'Estampes, 588

Index marquis de, mareÂchal de camp, 274n203, La Rochelle, 54, 87±91, 92, 93, 94, 184±5, 357n168, 358n175, 391n120 289, 345n133, 388, 412, 475, 478, 484 La Feulliade, LeÂon d'Aubusson, comte de, La Suze, sr de, mestre de camp, 358 348n142 La Touche, sr de, mestre de camp,53 La Fontaine, de, military theorist, 34, 35, 36, La Tour d'Auvergne, House of, 29 52, 57 La TreÂmoõÈlle, Henri de, duc de Thouars, 291, La Force, Armand de Caumont, marquis de, 339, 360n182 mareÂchal de camp, 62, 328n60 La Trousse, SeÂbastien le Hardy, marquis de, La Force, Jacques-Nompar de Caumont, mestre de camp, 365 mareÂchal de, 32, 50, 63, 65, 66, 67, 104, La Valette, Bernard de Nogaret, duc de (2nd 105, 115, 118, 128, 188±9, 191±2, 194, duc d'Epernon), 75n225, 126±7, 132±3, 197±8, 203±4, 363, 384, 387, 413n68, 134, 202, 291, 321n31, 334n85, 445n207, 414, 418, 439n181, 450, 482, 486, 491, 470±1, 483, 487±8, 493, 495, 496±7 498, 500 La Valette, Louis de Nogaret, cardinal de, 41, La Four, sr de, commissaire des guerres, 406n37 45, 46±7, 48, 55, 56, 65, 69, 73, 75, 76, La Guette, Henri, sr de ChazeÂ, intendant, 451 114±6, 118, 121, 124, 125, 131±2, La Marche, 370, 439n181 139±41, 169, 191, 194, 195±6, 198, La MarfeÂe, battle of, 6 July 1641, 73, 149, 200±1, 206, 208±9, 246n81, 261, 267, 214, 290 294, 304, 305, 324, 325, 358n170, 403, La Meilleraye, Armand-Charles de La Porte, 412, 416, 423n109, 439n181, 442n192, 2nd duc de La Meilleraye, 477 457, 483, 495, 498±9, 500, 532n128, La Meilleraye, Charles de La Porte de, 63, 66, 540n164 67, 119, 134, 136±7, 141, 149, 150, 156, La ValieÁre, military theorist, 35, 36, 37, 189±90, 195, 206±7, 209±10, 213±15, 52n129, 54, 57, 58 261, 321n31, 363, 373, 387±8, 402, La ValleÂe, sr de, sergeant-major, 532 407n44, 416n80, 421, 445, 456, 475±8, La Vieuville, Charles, marquis de, 86 486, 489, 494, 498, 499, 530, 533, 536±7 Laffemas, Isaac de, sr de Beausemblant, La Mothe, 158 intendant, 381n69, 393, 442n193, 449±50 La Motte-Houdancourt, Philippe de, Lamboy, Wilhelm von, Imperial general, 158, mareÂchal, 56, 152, 156±7, 216, 353n157, 214 362n188, 363, 466, 498 Landrecies, 125, 392 La Noue, FrancËois de, military writer and LangleÂe, Claude de, sr de l'EpichelieÁre, theorist, 33, 34, 40, 42, 56, 74 332±3 La Passage, sr de, 325 LangleÂe, Claude de (may be the same La Point, sr de, commissaire des vivres, 416 individual as above), commissaire des La Porte, Amador de, grand prieur, 324n42, guerres, 403n21, 404, 478 Langres, 115, 192, 193, 520n72 La Potherie, Charles Le Roy, sr de, intendant, Languedoc, 105, 126, 132, 134±6, 145, 146, 381n69, 428n138, 457n268, 460n282, 152, 156, 202, 208, 213, 216±17, 247, 525 258±9, 403, 413, 431n151, 440n183, La Prugne, mareÂchal de logis des gardes du 443±4, 487, 488, 494, 496±8, 506, 512, cardinal, 412 513, 515n52, 519n67, 540, 544 La Retaye, sr de, commissaire des guerres, Laon, 403, 450, 458 425n125 Lasure, mestre de camp, 337n96 La RivieÁre, lieutenant of Calais, 349 Lattignan, munitionnaire, 256±7, 382n75, 385, La Rochefoucauld, FrancËois V, duc de, 90 414, 416 La Rochegiffart, Henri de La Chapelle, Laubardement, Jean Martin, sr de, intendant, marquis de, 337n93 394, 424n120, 455 589

Index Lauzon, Jean, sr de LireÂ, intendant, 428n137, LieÁge, 113, 306±7 451 Liffol-le-Grand, 158 Le Bret, Cardin, sr de Flacourt, intendant, Lignan, colonel, 326n52 428n137, 430n145 Lille, 150 Le Camus, Nicolas, intendant des ®nances, 193, Lilliers, 149 374, 448, 459, 460n282 Limousin, 268n178, 370, 393, 424, 431n150, Le Clerc, treÂsorier de l'extraordinaire des 439n181, 506n9 guerres, 344 Lisle, sr de, gentilhomme de la chambre du roi, Le Comte, sr de, commissaire des guerres, 409n50 405n31, 429n140 Liverdun, 105 Le Gendre, commissaire des guerres, 521n77 Livron, Charles de Bourbonne, marquis de, Le Grain, sr de, preÂvoÃt, 406n40 325 Le Havre, 67 Livogno, battle of, 27 June 1635, 58, 117 Le Roy, ®nancier, 256 logement of troops, 270±2, 514±15, 522±5, Le Tellier, Michel IV, intendant, subsequently 526 secreÂtaire d'Etat de la guerre, 215±16, 219, in barracks, 505 227, 228, 244±5, 252, 346n134, 358n172, in towns, 268, 506, 525, 538±9 359, 367, 392, 393±4, 399, 400, 403n15, winter quarters, 55n146, 64, 79, 143, 446, 453n248, 456n260, 457, 458±9, 461, 160n457, 171, 176, 189, 197, 219, 221, 468, 520n72, 536n147 227±8, 272±4, 364n196, 372, 382, 401, Le Vacher, Jacques, commissaire des guerres, 403n21, 409, 422±4, 425±7, 429, 432, 251n103, 401n3 458, 506 LefeÁvre d'Ormesson, AndreÂ, intendant, Lombardy, 85, 99 448n225 Longay (Longuet), commissaire des guerres, LeganeÂs, Diego MexõÂa, marquis of, governor 428n137 of Milanese, 139±41 Longueval, Charles de Monchy, sr de, Lens, 150, 157 323n41 battle of, 20 Aug. 1648, 554 Longueville, Henri II d'Orleans, duc de, 59, Leo VI, Byzantine Emperor and military 64, 65, 124, 125, 129±30, 134, 138±40, theorist, 25 143, 160, 188, 198, 201±2, 203±5, 209, Leoni, Piero, engineer, 67 211, 295, 296, 465, 466, 467, 484, 487, Lepage, commissaire pour les subsistances, 492, 498, 500, 551 430n147 Lorraine, duchy of, 66, 75, 79, 80, 103±5, Lerida, 157 112, 114, 116, 118, 125, 137, 142, 147±8, `Les grands miseÁres de la guerre' ( Jacques 158, 188±9, 191±2, 193, 205, 209±10, Callot), 527 217, 252, 267, 277, 299, 305±6, 337n92, LesdiguieÁres, FrancËois de Bonne, duc de, 348, 351, 364, 369, 386, 387, 401n3, conneÂtable, 29, 32, 87, 184, 290±1, 470 406n35, 413, 418±21, 440n184, 448, 455, LesdiguieÁres, FrancËois de Bonne (et) de 481, 482, 487, 489, 520n72, 527, 535, CreÂquy, 3rd duc de, 271n188, 323n38, 540n164, 543 358n172, 392, 446n210, 507n11 Lorraine, House of, 467, 481±2, 483±5, Lespine, Pierre Gigon, sr de, commissaire des 488±9 guerres, 251n102, 402n11, 404, 405n31 Los VeÂlez, Pedro ZuÂnÄiga y Requesens, LeÂtouf, Claude de, baron de Sirot, 31 marquis of, 146 Leucate, battle of, 28 Sept. 1637, 76, 126, 161, Lostelneau, sr de, military theorist, 28±29, 202, 487, 494 34, 35, 36, 38, 51, 57 L'Hermitte, sr de, commissaire des guerres, Lot, Ferdinand, 164 337n94, 405n31 Loubet, commissaire des guerres, 428n137 590

Index Louis XIII, kingof France 1610±43: Manicamp, Achille de Longueval, sr de, 126, concern to maintain control of policy, 10, 324n43, 495 155, 291, 359, 486, 504, 554 Mannheim, 108, 446 and foreign policy, 85, 86 Mantua, duchy of, 31, 479 concern to command in person, 115, 136, dukes of, 81 192, 435n169, 464n4, 479 war of succession (1628±31), 91±100, 101, control of appointments, 261, 307, 323, 480 486 Marcillac, Crusy de, bishop of Mende, 251, Louis XIV, kingof France 1643±1715, 367, 327, 337n93, 410, 416n77, 419±21, 432, 464, 468, 492, 555±6 436n171, 459n281, 535n142 army of, 78, 163, 228, 276, 333, 349, 399, Marguerite of Lorraine, 482 461, 554±6 Marie-Christine, regent of Savoy, 65, 132, Louise de Lorraine, princesse de Conti, 484 139±40, 151, 159±60, 212, 299, 458 Louvain, 58, 74, 113 Marie of Gonzaga-Nevers, 479 Louvois, FrancËois-Michel Le Tellier, marquis Marie de MeÂdicis, regent of France and de, 164, 399, 555 Queen Mother 1610±42, 288±9, 473, Loyseau, Charles, 331 480, 481, 482, 484 Lude, Henri de Daillan, comte de, grand Marillac, Louis de, comte de Beaumont, maõÃtre de l'artillerie, 477 mareÂchal, 32, 95, 233, 252, 269, 309n118, LuneÂville, 495 319, 378n59, 465, 484±5, 492, 493±4, LuÈtzen, battle of, 16 Nov. 1632, 105, 282n15, 500±1 285 Marillac, Michel de, garde des sceaux, 327, Luxembourg, 80, 112, 138, 203, 209 417n83, 538 Lyon, 388, 511n34 Marsal, 104 Lyonnais, 96, 99, 265, 268, 370, 409, 424, 443, Marseilles, 117 507n11, 509n21, 512 Martin, Jean, commissaire des guerres, 403 Masson, Bernard, 364 Machault, Charles, sr d'Arnouville, intendant, Maugiron, Claude, comte de, 328n60 413, 441±2, 448n225, 454, 457n268 Maurits, prince of Orange-Nassau, 19, 25, 26, Machiavelli, Niccolo, 25 28±9, 31, 37 Madrid, Treaty of, 85 Maurizio of Savoy, cardinal, 131, 151, Maestricht, 30 159±60, 219 Magnan, AndreÂ, commissaire des guerres, Mayolas, captain of gardes of Richelieu, 409 251n103, 392, 402, 405n31, 427n135 Mazarin, Cardinal Jules (Giulio Mazzarini), MailleÂ-BreÂzeÂ, Claire-CleÂmence de, 480 35n58, 113, 161, 255, 359, 367, 371, 394, Maine, 411 435, 461, 490, 499, 510, 551 Mainz, 104, 115, 500 Mazzo, battle of, 3 July 1635, 58, 117 Maistre, de, commissaire des guerres, 417 Meaux, 533 maõÃtres des requeÃtes, 433, 436, 437±8, 440, 452, MeÂdavy, abbeÂ FrancËois Rouxel de, 218n271, 459n281, 535, 553 344n129, 409 Malissy, Henri, marquis de, 392n125 MeÂlander, Graf von Holzappel, 298 Mallet, Jean-Roland, 231±2, 240, 243 Melo, Francisco de, governor of Spanish ManasseÂs de Pas, see FeuquieÁres Netherlands, 157±8, 218 Mangot, Anne de, sr de Villarceaux, intendant, Mercoeur, Philippe-Emmanuel de Lorraine, 418, 420, 421, 429n140, 448, 456n261, duc de, 30 459, 543 Mercurin, comte de, 333 Mangot, Jacques, sr d'OrgeÁres, intendant, 421, Mesgrigny, commissaire pour les subsistances, 428n138, 429n140, 430n145, 448, 459 429n142, 430n145 591

Index Mesmes, Henri de, preÂsident of Parlement of Montpezat, Jacques de Cominges, sr de, Paris, 456, 520 357n168 Mestivier, preÂvoÃtgeÂneÂral, 421 MonzoÂn, treaty of, 88, 184 mestre de camp geÂneÂral de la cavalerie, 474, Morbegno, battle of, 10 Nov. 1635, 58, 117 521n78 Moulins, 512n36, 521, 524n90, 528n110, Metz, 103, 115, 334n85, 348n143, 388, 417, 531n123 482±3, 500, 520n72 Mousnier, Roland, 8, 446 Mignot, Guillaume, munitionnaire, 256 Mouy, Henri de Lorraine, marquis de, 30 Mignoux, sr de, mestre de camp, 352n155 Mouzon, abbeÂ de, 411, 412n62 Milanese, 81, 86, 93, 94, 96, 118, 131, 161, Moyenvic, 103±4 193, 195, 268 MuÈller, colonel, 303 `military revolution', 7, 20, 21, 547±52 Murette, sr de, mestre de camp, 326n54 militias, 25, 46, 126, 152, 164, 202, 208, 230, 305, 298n63, 395, 497, 519 Naberat, Pierre de, commissaire des guerres, Miron, Robert, sr de Tremblay, intendant, 401n5, 431n151 428n138, 431n151 Nancy, 67, 105, 189, 221, 257, 269, 293, 369, Moncalvo, 140 409, 417, 442n193, 456n260, 459, 537, Monferrato, 81, 91±2, 95, 97±8, 100, 124, 543 131, 151, 160, 186, 344 Narbonne, 72, 126, 135, 156, 157, 388, Monro, Robert, 54 535n144 Montaigne, Michel de, 317 Nassau, Otto-Wilhelm, comte de, colonel, 295 Montauban, 89 Nassau-Dillemberg, Johann von, prince of MontbeÂliard, duchy of, 106 Siegen, 26 Montdidier, 412 Navailles, FrancËois de Montluc, baron de, Montecuccoli, Raimondo, Imperial general, 321n31, 456, 520 57, 282n14 navy (du Levant ± Mediterranean galleys), 70, Montgaillard, Pierre-Pol de Percin, baron de, 229, 266, 370n17, 478, 528 495 navy (du Ponant), 67, 132±3, 152±3, 229, 262, Montglat, FrancËois de Paule de Clermont, 475±6, 478 marquis de, 149 Netherlands, Spanish (and frontiers of), 80, Montgommery, Louis de, sr de Courbouzon, 107, 113, 116, 127±8, 131, 134, 137±8, military theorist, 28, 34, 37, 377n50, 141±3, 149±50, 155, 157, 158, 163, 185, 474n42 190, 203, 207, 209, 213±15, 218, 221, Montifault, preÂvoÃtgeÂneÂral, 407n44, 532 268, 447, 463, 500, 536, 552, 554 Montjuic, battle of, 26 Jan. 1641, 152, 216 Nevers, Charles de, see Gonzaga-Nevers Montluc, Blaise de, 33n47 Nieulay (fort near Calais), 349 Montmaur, commissaire des guerres, 402, Nizza della Paglia, 160 405n31, 424±5, 427n133, 429n140 noblesse, 14, 63±4, 116, 120, 127, 192, 208, MontmeÂlian, 97 268, 313±20, 322, 465±6, 477±8, 494, Montmirail, 515n54 523n86 Montmorency, Charlotte de, 485 Nogent-le-Roi, 521 Montmorency, Henri II, duc de, amiral de Noisy, 403 France, 105, 185, 289, 344, 439n181, NoÈrdlingen, battle of, 6 Sept. 1634, 79, 469±70, 481, 483, 485, 492, 493 106±7, 112, 188, 293, 297, 485 Montmorency-Bouteville, FrancËois de, 551 NoÈrdlingen (Allerheim), battle of, 3 Aug. Montmorency-Damville, Henri I, conneÂtable, 1645, 554 469 Normandy, 64, 198, 230, 409, 424, 449, 484, Montpellier, 537 506, 512n37 592

Index Noyers, FrancËois Sublet, sr de, secreÂtaire Parlement of Aix, 413n66, 530n116, 531 d'Etat de la guerre 1636±43, 169, 196, Parlement of Grenoble, 383n81, 507n12, 245n76, 260, 275, 301, 307, 310, 325, 511n34 349, 358, 363, 367, 368n7, 370±3, Parlement of Metz, 433, 532 374n29, 387, 391±4, 432, 438, 440n184, Parlement of Paris, 433, 436, 456, 466, 530 445, 451, 452, 455±8, 460n286, 461, 463, Parlement of Rennes, 327n59, 336n89 494, 520, 521, 523, 524, 525, 528±9, 531, Parlement of Rouen, 412±13 540, 541, 552 Parma, duchy of, 118 Noyon, 119, 509n24, 520n72 parties casuelles, 232, 237, 240±41, 242, 390 Nuremberg, 285 Pascal, Etienne, treÂsorier de France, 428, 429n140, 431n151 Odoardo Farnese, duke of Parma, 118 Pasquier, Etienne, 317 OÈ hm, colonel, 295 Passages, sr du, governor of Valenza, 333n78 Oisement, Montigny d', 372n24 patronage, see clientelism/clientage OleÂron, isle of, 87 Pavia, battle of, 24 Feb. 1525, 84, 182 Olivares, Gaspar de GuzmaÂn, count-duke of, PeÂdamont, comte de, mestre de camp and 94, 99±100, 311 governor of LuneÂville, 495 Orange-Nassau, House of, 25, 27, 28±29, 33, PeenemuÈnde, 99 82, 547 PeÂrier, sr, controÃleur geÂneÂral des vivres, 421 Orders, religious, 536±7 PeÂronne, 66, 119, 322n34, 333n78, 412, Orgelin, preÂvoÃt, 532n128 515n50 Orgeval, Geoffroy Luillier, sr d', intendant, Perpignan, 59, 135, 152, 156±7, 158, 216±8, 394, 421, 424n120, 450±1 395, 404, 452, 496 OrleÂans, 412, 424, 425n128, 514n47 petits vieux reÂgiments, 46, 47, 167, 405, 472, OrleÂans, Gaston d', 62, 100n96, 122, 158, 369, 520: 411n60, 421, 435n169, 440n183, 441, Bellenaue, 51 449, 479±81, 482±3, 486, 503, 515 Maugiron, 325, 347n138, 456n262 Osny, d', commissaire des guerres , 193n107, Neerestang, 47n104 405n31, 417, 421, 429n140, 444n200 Rambures, 44, 45, 50, 196, 339n106, Ostein, Johann-Heinrich of, bishop of Basle, 530n117 106, 269n180 Saint-Luc, 51, 337n92, 430n145 Ostende, 30 Sault, 185, 347n139, 531 Ottoman Empire, 30 Vaubecourt, 43, 183 Oxenstierna, Axel, Swedish chancellor, 109 PheÂlypeaux d'Herbault, Raymond, secreÂtaire Oysonville, Paul Le PreÂvost d', aide de camp, d'Etat, 369, 370 296, 410n54, 515 Philip II, kingof Spain 1556±98, 278 Philip III, kingof Spain 1598±1621, 85 Palatinate, Electorate of the, 107 Philip IV, kingof Spain 1621±65, 85, 94, 102, Palleologo, Jean-Baptiste, munitionnaire, 256 112, 155, 311 Palluau, Philippe de CleÂrambault, comte de, Philipp-Wolfgang of Hanau-Lichtenberg, 106 319, 466, 474n47 Philippsburg, 108, 225 Pappenheim, Gottfried Heinrich, count, Piacenza, 118 Imperial general, 66, 280 Picardy, 46, 60, 62, 66, 68, 75, 80, 114, Paris, 47, 61, 73, 119±20, 157, 196±7, 199, 119±21, 124, 128, 148, 157±8, 176, 182, 244, 364, 388, 412, 539n163, 543n177 193, 196, 198, 218, 249, 252, 265, 362, Paris, Claude, intendant, 428, 429n140, 393, 401n4, 409, 421, 424, 431, 442n193, 431n151 449±51, 487, 506n6, 508n16, 513n42, Parker, Geoffrey, 548±9 519, 535n142, 536 593

Index Piccolomini, Ottavio, Imperial general, 75, 76, Rahon, 130 113±14, 137 raison d'eÂtat,4,10 Piedmont, 81, 92, 96, 97, 99, 112, 118, 124, Rantzau, Josias, count von, 48, 300±2, 340, 131±2, 139±41, 145, 151, 185±6, 188, 466 206, 208±9, 215, 221, 227, 233, 245, Rapine, sr, 535n142 267±8, 269, 275, 299, 370, 384, 393, Ray-sur-Saone, battle of, 2 June 1637, 125 417n83, 419, 458, 495, 518, 520n72 ReÂ, isle of, 88±9, 93,184, 485 Pinerolo, 68n200, 96, 103, 151, 344, 369, 385, RebeÂ, Claude de, archbishop of Narbonne, 392n125, 438, 447, 535 410 Pingault, commissaire des guerres, 402n11, ReÂcy, sr de, 523 403n21, 404, 542n174 Redlich, Fritz, 329 Plessis-BesancËon, see BesancËon Regensburg, 99 Plessis-Praslin, CeÂsar de Choiseul, comte du, regiments 54, 160, 323n38 Aiguebonne, 345n129, 534 Pluvinal, Antoine de, 39±40 Alincourt, 45 Poitou, 90, 370, 410n55, 424, 431n151, 455, Anjou, 292, 508n17 457n264, 519 Annevaux, 508n16 Polignac, Louis-Armand, vicomte de, 512n41 Aubais, 350n149, 520n72 Poligny, battle of, 19 June 1638, 130, 205 Bachevilliers, 540n168 Pomaro, Alfonso Gonzaga di Bozzolo, Batilly, 209 marquis of, 131, 303 Beausse, 540n166 Pondesture, 140 Bellefonds, 51, 353n157, 525 Pont-Courlay, FrancËois de Vignerot, marquis Birasse, 53 de, geÂneÂral des galeÁres, 478 Biscarat, 429n142 Pontis, BeÂneÂdict-Louis de (meÂmoires written Boissier, 523n85 by Pierre-Thomas du FosseÂ), 29, 39, Bouillon, 528±9 318n17, 330, 335n85, 522 Bourgogne, 532n131 Portugal, revolt of, 81, 112, 147, 152 Brazeaux, 524n87 Potrincourt, sr de, eÂcuyer ordinaire du roi, Bretagne, 392, 457n268 409 BreÂzeÂ, 51, 347n139, 361n185, 407n42 Poupart, commissaire des guerres, 362 Bussy-Lamet, 541 Poux, du, munitionnaire, 253n115 Bussy-Rabutin, 45, 521, 522n79, 528n110 Praissac, du, military theorist, 28, 29, 34, 35, Calonge(s), 197, 531n124 36, 58 Castelan, 202, 523n86 preÂvoÃts, 372n27, 376±8, 390±1, 392, 406±7, Castelmoron, 523n85 409, 439, 457, 461±2, 471, 523n86, 529, Castelnau, 343n124, 345n130, 357n169 530n118, 531, 540, 542n174 Chalabre, 410n55 Privas, 93, 185 ChalancËay, 350n149 Prouville, FrancËois de, commissaire des guerres, Chamberet, 507n9 402, 413, 421n99 Chamblay, 332n74, 405n32 Provence, 96, 99, 108, 117, 118, 122, 197, 230, Chanceaux, 350n147 262, 264, 370, 419, 430n148, 441±3, Cornusson, 530n116 476n58, 481, 487, 506, 508n14, 509n23, Coulon (Cullen?), 520n72 525 Crosby, 520n72, 530 PuyseÂgur, Jacques de Chastenet de, 62, Dumont, 357n166 324n45, 332, 342n117, 410n55, 494 Ef®at, 45, 51, 515n52, 541 Pyrenean frontier, 76, 136, 267, 513n45 Egenfeld, 43 Pyrenees, Peace of (1659), 77, 555 Enghien, 230 594

Index Erlach, 304n89 Rivarre, 324n44 Estissac, 335n85 RoncieÁres, 402n8 Fittinghof, 304n89 Rostinguet, 330n64 Fitzwilliam, 518n65 Roussillon, 209 Florinville, 50 Saint-AndreÂ, 202, 347n138 Gassion, 521n78, 524n87 Saint-Aubin, 525 Greder, 304nn89 and 90, 310 Saint-Estienne, 324n44, 347n138 Guienne, 43 Saint-George, 43 Hebron (Hepburn), 188 Saint-Martial, 50 HumieÁres, 43 Saint-Paul, 534 Huxelles, 430n145, 529n113 Saintonge, 292 Jonzac, 457n264, 531n127, 532 Schmidtberg, 56, 209, 306 Koulas, 306 Streff, 457n263, 518n65 La Bloquerie, 188 Suze, 55 La Douze, 43 Tavannes, 43, 55, 356n164 La Feuillade, 401n3, 520n72 Tirrell, 401n5 La Meilleraye, 45, 197 Tot, du, 525 La Suze, 430n146 Turenne, 45, 196, 230, 524n87 La Tour, 347n138, 357n165 Vaillac, 347n138, 525 La Valette, 405n32 Valmont, 509n24, 537 Langford, 401n5 Vandy, 53 Languedoc, 202, 513 Vernancourt, 529n113 Lecques, 353n157 Vitry, 202 LesdiguieÁres, 335n85, 356n164 Watteville, 304nn89 and 90 Lorraine, 347n138, 551n10 see also gardes francËaises, gardes suisses, petits Lusignan, 540n166 vieux reÂgiments, vieux reÂgiments Lyonnais, 292 reÂgiments entretenus, 42±3, 45, 52, 72, 167, Magalotte, 330n67 226, 291, 303, 311, 328, 333, 334, 342, Manicamp, 351n151 352, 360, 471, 506, 519, 552, 555 Mazarin, 348n142 Reims, 524nn87 and 88, 537n155, 545 Mercurin, 53, 324n44 Renard, Gilles, commissaire des guerres, 394, Mignoux, 337n96 401n5, 402, 406n40, 407n42, 424±5, 433 Molondin, 304nn89 and 90 Renty, 128 Montauzier, 356n164 Revello, 140 MontmeÁge, 51, 197 Rheinau, 125±6, 495 Montpezat, 209 Rheinfelden, battle of, 2 Mar. 1638, 129, 205, Motte-Houdancourt, 344n126 297 Nanteuil, 45, 540n168 Rhineland, 104, 108, 114, 118, 125±6, 129, Navailles, 45, 321n31, 456, 520 139, 157, 189±90, 191, 194, 201, 294, Nettancourt, 45, 51, 196, 358n171 387, 446, 487 Noailles, 523n85, 540 Ribeyre, commissaire des guerres, 428n137 Oysonville, 53 Richelieu, Alphonse de, archbishop of Lyon, PeÂrigord, 292, 409n52, 523, 531n124 443 Plessis-Praslin, 337n92, 345n130, 430n145 Richelieu, Armand-Jean du Plessis, cardinal- Polignac, 43, 353n157 duc de Rantzau, 306 and historians, 2±3, 110±11, 468±9, RebeÂ, 53, 196 491±2, 551 Ribeyrac, 323 MeÂmoires, 184, 469 595

Index Richelieu, Armand-Jean du Plessis (cont.) Saint-Aunais, Henri de, governor of Leucate, social/family/career background, 289, 494 477±8, 481±3, 485, 527 Saint-Bris, Jean de Lambert, marquis de, Testament politique, 2, 73±4, 83, 110±11, mareÂchal de camp, 330n64 167n8, 305, 469, 492, 493 Saint-Chaumont, Melchior Mitte de Miolans, Richelieu, FrancËois de, grand preÂvoÃt at court marquis de, 248n91, 340n112 of Henri III, 481 Saint-Germain, 194, 293, 490 Riom, 511n34, 512n37 Saint-Honorat, isle of (LeÂrins), 117, 118, 122, Rivau, Jacques II de Beauvau, sr de, 64 123, 264, 495 Roberts, Michael, 7, 23, 547±8, 549 Saint-Jean-de-Losne, 121, 409 Roche, commissaire des guerres, 402n11 Saint-Jean-de-Luz, 122, 126, 198, 441n186, Rocroi, battle of, 19 May 1643, 19, 23, 52±3, 488 65, 66, 70, 76, 162, 301, 554 Saint-Julien, sr de, sergent-major, 410n55 Rohan, Henri, duc de, commander and Saint-Luc, TimoleÂon d'Espinay, mareÂchal de, military theorist, 28, 32, 34, 36, 37, 58, 62 61, 69, 76, 114, 117, 118, 122, 124, 161, Sainte-Marguerite, isle of (LeÂrins), 117, 118, 176, 189±90, 191, 193, 195, 201, 258, 122, 123, 264, 495 265, 277, 290, 324n42, 348, 351, Saint-Martin-de-ReÂ, 89, 485 363n192, 391, 404n27, 447n212, 489±90, Saint-Mathurin, 525 492, 493, 532n128 Saint-Mihiel, 116, 192 Rohan-Montbazon, Marie de, duchesse de Saint-Omer, 58, 74, 75±6, 128±9, 204±5 Chevreuse, 481 Saint-Preuil, FrancËois de Jussac d'Ambleville, Rolland, Germain, munitionnaire, 258, marquis de, 269, 392, 493±4 418n84 Saint-Quentin, 66, 269, 524n87, 529 Rosen, Reinhold, baron von Grossropp, Saint-Simon, Claude de Rouvroy, duc de, colonel, 295, 302±3 321n31, 339n106, 411 Rosny, Maximilien-FrancËois de BeÂthune, Saintonge, 127, 370 marquis de, grand maõÃtre de l'artillerie, Salces, 71±2, 73, 76, 135±6, 145, 208, 213, 388, 402n10, 475±6 494, 496±7 Rothelin, Henri d'OrleÂans, marquis de, 388, Saligny, Gaspard de Coligny II, comte de, 475 mareÂchal de camp, 330n67, 409n49 Rottweil, 302 San SebastiaÂn, 132 Rouen, 428, 431n151, 511n32 Sanson, captain, 529 Roussillon, 135, 146, 152±3, 154±6, 208, 213, Sault-Tavannes, Henri de, marquis de 216±17, 266, 267, 277, 409, 496±7, 503 Mirebeau, 322n37, 344n126, 358n171, Roye, 119, 423, 538n161 411n59 Royer, Christophe, commissaire des guerres, SaureÁs, commissaire des guerres, 402n9 401n3, 406n38, 407n43 Saverne, 118, 158 Roze (Rose), Jean, munitionnaire, 256±7, 258, Savoy, duchy of, 86, 97, 112, 151, 186±7, 233, 259, 385, 414, 416 417n83, 484 Ruf®ers, FrancËois de Hervart-Senantes, Savyer, commissaire des guerres, 391n118, marquis de, 349n143 401n3, 406n37 Rusignan, 275 Savoy, dukes of, 467 Saxe-Weimar, duke Bernard of, 59, 80, 107, SaarbruÈcken, 115 108, 109, 115, 118, 125±6, 129±31, 134, Sabathier, FrancËois, supplier of munitions and 138, 143, 170, 192, 194, 195, 201±2, 204, ®nancier, 234±5, 254, 259, 263, 389±90 205, 211, 228, 267, 293±5, 296, 302, 306, Saint-Aubin, sr de, mestre de camp, 358n169 311, 426, 495, 503 596

Index Saxony, Electorate of, 27, 159 152±3, 206, 251, 478, 483, 493, 495±6, Schenkenschans, 114, 118 535n142 Schmidtberg, colonel, 446 Souvigny, Jean de GangnieÁres, comte de, 212, Schomberg, Henri de, comte de Nanteuil 334n85 (®rst mareÂchal de Schomberg), 30, 90, Soyecourt, Maximilien de BelleforieÁre, sr de, 371, 374, 426n130, 475n53 governor of Corbie, 265 Schomberg, mareÂchal from 1637, see Halluin Spain, Habsburgkingdomsof, 1, 81, 86, 203, Schulemberg, Jean III, comte de Montdejeux, 242, 279, 287 mareÂchal de, 40n78 armies, 19, 20, 26, 29±30, 40, 42±3, 48, 49, Scotland, and Scottish troops in French 54, 55±6, 62, 66, 70, 75±6, 80, 98, 102, service, 112, 279, 303±4, 309, 518 106, 109, 112, 119, 124, 128, 131, 136, secreÂtaire de la guerre (of®ce of ), 9, 171, 322, 146, 148, 157, 159, 162, 170, 202, 211, 323, 333, 367±73, 400±1, 404±5, 410, 219, 280, 282, 344, 496±7, 536n152 414, 420n95, 432, 434, 440, 461, 463, military and political system, 87, 92, 93, 502, 555 103, 106, 108, 137, 170 Sedan, 40, 148, 149, 214, 490 navy, 87, 108, 117, 496 SeÂguier, Pierre, chancellor of France, 218, Speyer, 109 254, 348n141, 394, 438, 440n184, SpõÂnola, Ambrosio, marquis of Los Balbases, 450n237, 452, 455, 456n260, 458, 33, 34, 94, 97, 100, 280 459n281, 460, 461, 482n84, 510, 523, Strasbourg, 382n75 525, 528n110, 533 Streff, colonel, 274n203, 301±2, 378n54 Senantes, sr de, 352n154 subsistances, taxe des, 268n178, 273±4, 372, Senlis, 523n86 401, 423±32, 509±14, 516, 522, 524, Sens, 520n70 525, 537, 543±4 Servien, Abel, secreÂtaire d'Etat de la guerre Sully, Maximilien de BeÂthune, duc de, 381, 1631±6, 245, 252, 291n41, 304, 306, 310, 402n10, 475 325, 367, 368n7, 370±3, 382n76, 391, surintendant (geÂneÂral) des vivres (Richelieu), 394n138, 413, 418±19, 447, 454, 473n38, 381, 382n74, 414±15, 419 531 surtaux (additional pay for cavalry), 226, 228, SeÂtoubre, sr, commissaire des guerres, 401n5 229, 231 SeÁve, Alexandre, sr de Chatignonville, Susa, 51, 93, 94, 96, 275, 403n13, 518n61, 534 intendant, 43, 450, 451, 457n263 Susanne, Louis, 166±7 's Hertogenbosch, 102 Sweden, government and foreign policy, 81, Siegen, 26±27, 33n48, 40 101, 102, 143, 153, 161, 266±7, 278, 287, Socoa, 122, 126 297, 312, 485 Soissons, 431n151, 451, 518n63, 537n155 army, 52, 66, 71, 78, 106, 107, 109, 111, Soissons, Louis de Bourbon, comte de, 44, 62, 114, 121, 170, 211, 279±80, 285, 293, 75, 119, 122, 148±9, 160, 195±7, 214, 294±6 290, 401n3, 416, 435n169, 450, 470, military reforms, 19, 21±3, 54, 69, 82, 547±8 474n46, 480±1, 482, 486, 487, 537n153 Swiss Cantons, 86, 183, 304, 484 SoÈtern, Philipp Christoph von, archbishop Swiss in French service, 49, 173, 186, 266, and Trier Elector, 104, 109, 188 303±4, 305, 366, 378 Soubise, Benjamin de Rohan, duc de, 87, 290 see also gardes suisses SoudeÂ, du, captain, 523 Swiss soldiers, 20, 37, 74, 112 Sourdis, Charles d'Escoubleau, marquis de, 214, 496, 514n47 taille, 230±1, 233, 238, 255, 263, 266n166, Sourdis, Henri d'Escoubleau de, archbishop 271, 273, 274, 339n105, 423, 511±12, of Bordeaux, 75n225, 123, 132±3, 514, 525, 537 597

Index Talon, Claude, commissaire des guerres, guerres, 234±5, 247±9, 273, 374±5, 403n15, 520n72 381±2, 425, 462, 469, 535n146 Talon, Jacques, intendant, 428n137, 430n145 Trier, 105, 109, 188, 225, 484 Talon, Omer, avocat geÂneÂral of the Parlement Trino, 140 of Paris, 545 Trois EveÃcheÂs, 103, 369, 393 Tarragona, 74, 146, 152±3, 213, 216±17, 251, Troyes, 522n80, 525, 530n117 496 Tubeuf, Jacques, intendant des ®nances, Thibault, Italian ®nancer, 244 389n114 Thiersault, Pierre, sr de Conches, intendant, Turenne, Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, 428n137, 515n54 vicomte de, 19, 29, 75, 81, 130, 143, 148, Thionville, battle of, 7 June 1639, 51, 73, 75, 150±1, 205, 215, 282n14, 302, 324, 327, 137±8, 148, 207, 455±6 339n107, 345n131, 354n160, 470, 474±5, Thirty Years War, 1, 22, 31, 53, 57, 61, 83, 490, 492, 551, 554 110, 112, 240, 278, 279, 283, 286±7, 306, Turin, 59, 139±40, 145, 146, 150, 151, 161, 312, 364, 395, 550 212±13, 275, 277, 441n185, 467, 500, Thou, sr de, commissaire des guerres, 442n192 503, 505 Tilly, Johann Tserclaes, count, Bavarian Tuttlingen, battle of, 23 Nov. 1643, 163, 300, general, 27, 31, 101n98 302 Tirlemont, 113 Tyrol, 85 Toiras, Jean du Caylar de Saint-Bonnet, marquis de, 89, 93, 186, 318±19, 465, United Provinces, see Dutch Republic 485, 492, 493 ustensile, 231, 270, 271±2, 509n20 Toison, sr, munitionnaire, 387n100 Tommaso Francesco of Savoy, prince of ValencËay,LeÂonor d'Etampes de, bishop of Carignano, 58, 75, 131, 139±40, 145, Chartres, 535n142 150, 159±61, 219, 299 Valenza, 116±17, 333n78, 480 Tornavento, battle of, 22 June 1636, 118 Val Fraela, battle of, 31 Oct. 1635, 58, 117 Torstensson, Lennart, Swedish general, 154, Vallier, Jean, sr de La MartinieÁre, commissaire 159 des guerres, 274n204, 402n9, 407n42, Tortona, 161, 219 424±5, 427n133, 429n140, 433, 521n78 Touches, sr des, gentilhomme ordinaire de la Valtelline, 58, 76, 85±7, 95, 114, 117, 118, maison du roi, 412 122±3, 161, 176, 183±4, 191, 193, 195, Toul, 103, 532, 534 199, 201, 233, 264±5, 267, 277, 404n27, Toulon, 525 406n40, 489±90 Touraine, 263, 411, 506, 513n41 Varennes, sr de, maõÃtre de l'hoÃtel du Roi, 411 Tours, 403n15, 424, 431n150, 531n124 Vauban, SeÂbastien Le Prestre de, mareÂchal,19 Tracy, Alexandre de Prouville, baron de, Vaubecourt, Jean de Nettancourt, comte de, 301±2, 406 mareÂchal de camp, 192, 323n41 traiteÂs, for recruitment of additional troops, Vautorte, FrancËois Cazet, sr de, intendant, 114, 211, 214, 274, 355±60, 392, 401±2, 439n181, 443 430, 445n204, 456n260, 458±9, 513, Vegetius Renatus, Flavius, military theorist, 524±5 25 Tremblay, Joseph Le Clerc du (PeÁre Joseph), venality of of®ce, 9, 232, 234, 237, 240±1, 171, 371 319±21, 331±48, 368, 374±6, 379, treÂsoriers de France, 271, 274n203, 374, 383±4, 388±9, 395, 399, 400, 401n3, 382n76, 383, 412, 416n78, 428, 509n21, 406, 415, 428, 494±5 512n37, 516, 531n124 VendoÃme, Alexandre de Bourbon, grand prieur treÂsoriers de l'ordinaire et de l'extraordinaire des de France, 467, 483 598

Index VendoÃme, CeÂsar de Bourbon, duc de, 467, Villequier, Charles d'Aumont, sr de, 392, 483 440n184 Venice, Republic of, 85, 87 Villeroy, Nicolas de Neufville, marquis de, Ventadour, Henri de LeÂvis, duc de, 185n61, secreÂtaire d'Etat, 368, 370 440n184 Vincenzo II Gonzaga, duke of Mantua Vercelli, 74, 75, 118, 131, 495 (1626±7), 91 Verchamp, sr de, preÂvoÃt, 406n40 Vitry, Nicolas de l'HoÃpital, mareÂchal de, 108, Verdun, 68, 103, 520 123, 344n126, 391n118, 487, 493, Vere, Bussy de, captain, 429n142, 523 509n23, 514n49, 530 Verneuil, 525n92 Vittorio Amedeo I, duke of Savoy, 1630±7, Verthamont, FrancËois de, marquis de 116±17, 124, 195, 480, 485n100, 495 Manoeuvre, intendant, 441, 445n207 Vic, 104 Wallenstein, Albrecht von, duke of Friedland, Videl, commissaire des vivres, 384 31, 95, 99, 114, 170, 280, 282, 285 Vienna, 92 Wallhausen, Jacobi von, military theorist, 27, vieux reÂgiments, 42, 43, 46, 47, 51, 193, 226, 28, 33, 37, 38, 55 322, 325, 332, 334, 405, 472, 520 Wars of Religion, 32, 83, 84, 182±3, 366, 553 Champagne, 39, 188, 189, 233, 335n85 Weber, Max, 5, 6 La Marine, 51, 251n102, 322, 365, 520n71 Werth, Jean de, Bavarian cavalry commander, Navarre, 45, 185, 188, 351n151, 358n171 120n201, 125, 126, 297±8 Normandie, 45, 71±2, 188, 252, 458, Westphalia, 158±9 519n67, 534n135 Peace of, 77, 81, 163, 484 Picardie, 41, 43, 45, 46, 51, 73, 188, White Mountain, battle of, 3 Nov. 1620, 27, 326n52, 337n92, 430n145, 520, 521, 31, 534n135 530n117, 531 Wilhelm V, duke of Hesse-Kassel, 298 PieÂmont, 44, 50, 51, 332, 410n55 Willem Lodewijk, prince of Orange-Nassau, Vignerot, ReneÂ de, 478 19 Vignier, Claude, marquis de Mirebeau, Williams, Sir Roger, 40n79 intendant, 442n193 Wittstock, battle of, 4 Oct. 1636, 121 Vignolles, Bertrand de, seigneur de Casaubon, WolfenbuÈttel, battle of, 29 June 1641, 154, 297 mestre de camp,29 Wolgast, battle of, 22 Aug. 1628, 27 Ville, Laurens de, legal theorist, 527±8 wounded and invalids, provision for, 404, VillemonteÂe, FrancËois de, marquis de 533±4, 537±9 Montauiguillon, intendant, 340n109, 421, WuÈrttemburg, duchy of, 27 425n127, 428n137, 429n140, 431n151, 457n264, 512n39, 532n130 Yvetaux, Hercule Vauquelin, sr des, 452n241

599