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Critical Regionalism: Tracing the Work and Inspiration of Jørn Utzon

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Critical Regionalism: Tracing the Work and Inspiration of Jørn Utzon Critical Regionalism: Tracing the Work and Inspiration of Jørn Utzon Denmark Sweden Australia Kuwait Morocco Spain Utzon Sites to Visit: Utzon Sites to Visit/Research: Utzon Sites to Visit/Research: Utzon Sites to Visit: Utzon Sites to Research: Utzon Sites to Visit/Research: Bagsværd Kirke Elineberg Towers Sydney Opera House Kuwait National Assembly Paper Factory (unbuilt) Can Lis Kingo Houses Bjuv Housing Complex Sydney Shopping Center (unbuilt) Housing Complex (unbuilt) Can Feliz Utzon Center Göteborg Business School (unbuilt) Contents Architecture is about creating a humane and friendly world around us. It is the ability to understand what surroundings we need as people. It takes a healthy sense towards life. It takes an understanding of how to walk, stand, sit and lie comfortably, to enjoy the sunshine, the shadows, the water touching your body, the soil and the host of less definable sensory impressions. -Jørn Oberg Utzon Architect, Recipient of the 2003 Pritzker Prize Proposal Visual Overview C Contents 02 Project Brief 03 Cities and Projects Itinerary 04-05 Personal Statement and Background 06 Budget 07 Full Proposal 08-09 Resume 10-13 Recommendations 14-16 Portfolio Samples 17-31 2 Project Brief Critical Regionalism: Tracing the Work and Inspiration of Jørn Utzon proposes a four-continent globe-trotting adventure in twenty days to trace the built work as well as unbuilt work and inspirations of Pritzker-Prize winning architect Jørn Utzon. Often solely associated with his most famous work, the Sydney Opera House, Danish Architect Jørn Utzon made a much larger impact through various project types and scales over his 60-year career. With few well-known built works completed in this time-frame, he is a figure in architectural history rarely discussed in-depth. However, his philosophy on architecture and the human experience combined with his own personal travel experiences that shaped his thinking and work make him a fascinating subject, especially experienced through the lens of travel. This proposal’s intent is to create an architectural journey through Denmark, Sweden, Australia, Kuwait, Morocco, and Spain to experience many of the places that impacted Jørn Utzon, several of which he ended up greatly impacting in return, to understand the thinking behind this modern master of architecture and the breadth of his body of work. While traveling to these diverse locales, I will also visit other architectural treasures, ancient and contemporary, documenting the many amazing destinations on this once-in-a-lifetime trip. My intent is to present my travels, observations, and conclusions to AIA Colorado members via presentations and blog posts and to start my own travel website to share information with a wider audience. 3 Utzon Projects and Other Sites Jørn Utzon’s native land of Denmark hosts the majority of his built work from contextual housing projects to late career project collaborations with his children. The renowned Bagsværd Church features a massive sculptural roof that amplifies natural light while maintaining an unassuming exterior presence. The Utzon Center, completed in collaboration with son Kim, creates small pavilion- like light-wells with shielded courtyards on a peaceful campus. In between, many of Utzon’s projects can be found in his homeland. Utzon Center (Utzon) Bagsværd Kirke (Utzon) Utzon Sites to Visit: Other Architecture to Visit: Bagsværd Kirke Danish Maritime Museum Kingo Houses Ordrupgaard Utzon Center The Wave Often called the most iconic building on the planet, the Sydney Opera House put Sydney on the global map and single-handedly changed the perception of Sydney and all of Australia. At the center of the distinctive design is a set of interlocking vaulted shells that became one of the most challenging engineering projects ever attempted. Construction was fraught with challenges, yet the project yielded Utzon two rare recognitions: the Pritzker Prize and made Utzon the second architect in history to have a built project named a UNESCO World Heritage site within their lifetime. One Central Park (Others) Utzon Sites to Visit/Research: Other Sites to Visit: Sydney Opera House (Utzon) Sydney Opera House One Central Park Sydney Shopping Center (unbuilt) Aurora Place Sydney Harbor Bridge An avid world traveler, Jørn Utzon appreciated the architectures of different cultures and integrating that knowledge into his designs. Familiar with Islamic architecture, Utzon based his competition design on a walled miniature city consisting of departments arranged around courtyards and accessed through a central hall similar to a souk (marketplace/bazaar). Adopting an additive approach, he was able to standardize the design as the drawings could be based on repetitive grids. The design was modified to use local materials and maximize the use of precast concrete Kuwait Towers (Others) components. Utzon Sites to Visit: Other Sites to Visit: Kuwait National Assembly Kuwait Towers Kuwait National Assembly (Utzon) Grand Mosque Jørn Utzon was a world traveler who respected and learned from architecture of different cultures; tracing 4 Adjacent to his homeland, Jørn Utzon worked on small housing complexes to residential towers in Sweden. At the Elineberg Towers, apartments are playfully organized with shifted floor plans and tower orientations relative to each other that vary the play of light and shadow in between. The Bjuv housing complex consists of 45 patio-houses contextually situated in their environment. Utzon Sites to Visit/Research: Other Sites to Visit: Elineberg Towers Naturum Vattenriket Bjuv Housing Complex Sofiero Slott Göteborg Business School (unbuilt) Stockholm Waterfront Elineberg Towers (Utzon) Naturum Vattenriket (Others) Although he never had any built work there, Utzon was entranced by Morocco and its vernacular architecture. He designed two unbuilt projects inspired by his time traveling there- a paper factory and a housing complex that utilized the traditional building language with a contemporary reinterpretation. Utzon was fascinated, especially by vernacular architecture interfacing with the Atlas Mountains- so much that in 2011 his son Jan led an eight day architecture workshop in Marrakesh to trace some of the places that inspired his father. Paper Factory (Utzon) Utzon Sites to Research: Other Sites to Visit: Paper Factory (unbuilt) Bahia Palace Koutoubia Mosque (Others) Housing Complex (unbuilt) Koutoubia Mosque Jemaa el-Fnaa Can Lis is a house Utzon built for his wife Lis and himself on the Spanish island of Mallorca. Completed in 1971, it consists of five separate blocks linked together by walls and courtyards. The basic concept consists of pavilions arranged to serve the different functions of the building. Tours can now be arranged through the Danish Architectural Foundation. Can Lis (Utzon) Utzon Sites to Visit/Research: Other Sites to Visit: Can Lis City of Arts and Sciences Can Feliz Llotja Bellver Castle City of Arts and Sciences (Others) these influences and his built work form a once-in-a-lifetime global itinerary to experience the world. 5 Budget The $6,000 Hobart D. Wagener, FAIA Traveling Scholarship or the Robert & Virginia Fuller Traveling Scholarship will be enough to cover this ambitious trip globe-trotting trip. Early research already indicates the proposal will be covered by the full scholarship amount: Preliminary flight research has shown a key to staying within budget comes from traveling in an affordable season. If the trip occurs in the time frame of March/April or September/October, preliminary estimates for all six flight segments will not exceed $2,700. The cost of Tourist Visas are as follows: Australia - $85, Kuwait - $20, Morocco $22, Denmark - $0, Sweden - $0, Spain - $0. Lodging costs will differ by city; estimates for private hostel rooms near the city center yield the following preliminary costs: (Sydney: $70/night x 5 nights) + (Kuwait: $120/night x 2 nights) + (Copenhagen: $70/night x 6 nights) + (Marrakech: $40/night x 4 nights) + (Palma: $50/night x 3 nights). The total 20 nights result in: $350 + $240 + $420 + $160 + $150 = $1320 Lodging. For food, an average of $50 per day is being budgeted for all meals/snacks x 20 days = $1,000 Meals. Miscellaneous admissions and tours are estimated at $800. Additional costs should be easily manageable out of pocket as necessary. If early planning shows enough remaining budget, a stop at Taliesin West will also be added. Critical Regionalism Budget Estimate Flight Segments (DEN → SYD → KWI → CPH → RAK → PMI → DEN) $2,700 Tourist Visas (SYD, KWI, RAK) $127 Hostel Accommodations (SYD, KWI, CPH, RAK, PMI) $1,320 Meals (All) $1,000 Miscellaneous Admission/Tours $800 Total $5,947 6 Personal Statement and Background This itinerary and opportunity would have an unimaginable impact on my career as an Architect- experiencing a lifetime of architectural travel through the history and treasures of unique cultures around the world in a whirlwind adventure unlike any other. Without a doubt it would be the educational experience of a lifetime. Throughout my childhood, my parents took me on road-trips all over the United States. Traveling before the rise of cell-phones, watching and examining the scenery outside the car window, and learning to read maps is one my most treasured memories of growing up. These experiences instilled an appreciation of travel and the diversity found within our own country and the world. As a nomad who loves exploring, I feel most alive when traveling. Every experience is fresh and I learn not only about a place and its architecture, culture, and people, but more importantly about the commonalities that bind humanity. Interfacing with different cultures opens our eyes to different ways of thinking and creating that can only be understood by inhabiting another world-view. I hope to positively represent AIA Colorado while on this journey around the world. My architectural background started while in high school when I attended the immersive three-week Design Exploration Program at the University of Florida. I loved the experience so much that I attended college there, where I double-majored and earned my Bachelor of Design (Architecture) and my Bachelor of Science (Psychology).
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