Peace in Vietnam! Beheiren: Transnational Activism and Gi Movement in Postwar Japan 1965-1974
PEACE IN VIETNAM! BEHEIREN: TRANSNATIONAL ACTIVISM AND GI MOVEMENT IN POSTWAR JAPAN 1965-1974 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN POLITICAL SCIENCE AUGUST 2018 By Noriko Shiratori Dissertation Committee: Ehito Kimura, Chairperson James Dator Manfred Steger Maya Soetoro-Ng Patricia Steinhoff Keywords: Beheiren, transnational activism, anti-Vietnam War movement, deserter, GI movement, postwar Japan DEDICATION To my late father, Yasuo Shiratori Born and raised in Nihonbashi, the heart of Tokyo, I have unforgettable scenes that are deeply branded in my heart. In every alley of Ueno station, one of the main train stations in Tokyo, there were always groups of former war prisoners held in Siberia, still wearing their tattered uniforms and playing accordion, chanting, and panhandling. Many of them had lost their limbs and eyes and made a horrifying, yet curious, spectacle. As a little child, I could not help but ask my father “Who are they?” That was the beginning of a long dialogue about war between the two of us. That image has remained deep in my heart up to this day with the sorrowful sound of accordions. My father had just started work at an electrical laboratory at the University of Tokyo when he found he had been drafted into the imperial military and would be sent to China to work on electrical communications. He was 21 years old. His most trusted professor held a secret meeting in the basement of the university with the newest crop of drafted young men and told them, “Japan is engaging in an impossible war that we will never win.
Muse No. 33 Japanese Citizens Network of Museums for Peace Newsletter: September 2016
Muse No. 33 Japanese Citizens Network of Museums for Peace Newsletter: September 2016 The Editorial Office: Daisuke Miyahara at Peace Aichi 2-820 Yomogidai, Meitoku, Nagoya City, Aichi 465-0091 Tel/Fax: 052-602-4222 http://www.peace-aichi.com/ Editor: Kazuyo Yamane, Masahiko Yamabe, Ikuro Anzai Translators: Mairead Hynes, Terumi Imai, Atsuko Takeda, Yoshiko Tanigawa, Kyoko Terazawa & Kazuyo Yamane Illstrator: Erico Tosaki & Pegge Patten Women’s Active Museum on War and “Comfort Women” system, and this Peace (WAM) “agreement” shows no real change in this Director: Eriko Ikeda fundamentally negative position. As such, the “agreement” has been the In the words of Milan Kundera, “The subject of strong criticism from Korean struggle of man against power is the victims, support groups, and public struggle of memory against forgetting.” opinion. Japanese historians and Seventy years after the end of the Second support groups, including WAM, insist World War, “the struggle of memory that this is not a true “resolution” to the against forgetting” rages on when it problem, but the majority of the Japanese comes to the issue of the Japanese media has accepted this “agreement” at military’s abuse of the “Comfort Women.” face value, and views the case as settled. Last year, the Japanese and Korean foreign ministers met in Seoul, and the governments of both countries reached an “agreement” by which the issue of the Japanese military’s abuse of the “Comfort Women” was said to have reached a “final and irreversible resolution.” However, the Japanese
Courage Under the Reign of Terror Minnie Vautrin’S Efforts in Protecting Women Refugees from Japanese Atrocities During the Nanjing Massacre
Courage under the Reign of Terror Minnie Vautrin’s Efforts in Protecting Women Refugees from Japanese Atrocities during the Nanjing Massacre by Suping Lu∗ Abstract: Nell'estate 1937 ebbe inizio la Seconda guerra Sino-giapponese. Mentre attraversavano la bassa valle dello Yangtze, le truppe giapponesi commisero atrocità che culminarono in dimensioni e crudeltà a Nanchino, dopo che la città fu conquistata e quando si verificarono in misura crescente esecuzioni di massa, stupri, saccheggi e incendi. Minnie Vautrin, una missionaria e insegnante americana nella città occupata, affrontò la situazione con grande coraggio. Il campus di Ginling, che essa dirigeva, venne trasformato in un centro di accoglienza per 10.000 donne e bambini che fuggivano terrorizzati e fornì loro cibo, riparo e protezione. Lavorò duramente e senza tregua, mettendo a rischio la sua stessa incolumità. Il suo coraggio nel regno del terrore fu tale che dopo la sua tragica morte fu ricordata come una divinità, la "dea" del massacro di Nanchino. The Nanjing Massacre A few weeks after the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-45) broke out near Beijing on July 7, 1937, hostilities spread down south to the Shanghai area. The August 9 Hongqiao Airfield Incident, in which two Japanese marines and one Chinese soldier were killed, built up tensions between the Chinese and Japanese. Alleging that Chinese snipers fired at Japanese patrols, the Japanese launched small-scaled attacks on Chinese positions on August 13 morning. Sporadic skirmishes then escalated to battles as both sides rushed in more reinforcements. The following days witnessed four Chinese divisions and several thousand Japanese marines engaged in street fighting in Shanghai.
Your Unpublished Thesis, Submitted for a Degree at Williams College and Administered by the Williams College Libraries, Will Be Made Available for Research Use
WILLIAMS COLLEGE LIBRARIES COPYRIGHT ASSIGNMENT AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR A STUDENT THESIS Your unpublished thesis, submitted for a degree at Williams College and administered by the Williams College Libraries, will be made available for research use. You may, through this form, provide instructions regarding copyright, access, dissemination and reproduction of your thesis. The College has the right in all cases to maintain and preserve theses both in hardcopy and electronic format, and to make such copies as the Libraries require for their research and archival functions. t:;t.. � The faculty advisor/s to the student writing the thesis Claims joint authorship in this work. _ 1/we have included in this thesis copyrighted material for which 1/we have not received permission from the copyright holder/s. If you do not secure copyright permissions by the time your thesis is submitted, you will still be allowed to submit. However, if the necessary copyright permissions are not received, e-posting of your thesis may be affected. Copyrighted material may include images (tables, drawings, photographs, figures, maps, graphs, etc.), sound files, video material, data sets, and large portions of text. l. COPYRIGHT An author by law owns the copyright to his/her work, whether or not a copyright symbol and date are placed on the piece. Please choose one ofthe options below with respect to the copyright in your thesis. _ 1/we choose not to retain the copyright to the thesis, and hereby assign the copyright to Williams College. Selecting this option will assign copyright to the College. If the author/s wishes later to pub! ish the work, he/she/they will need to obtain permission to do so from the Libraries, which will be granted except in unusual circumstances.
US Military Bases in Japan – An Overview (Okinawa part is detailed under a separate title) U.S. Military Presence in Mainland Japan and Okinawa Ichiyo Muto (People’s Plan Study Groups) There are approximately 90 U.S. military facilities including major military bases throughout mainland Japan and Okinawa, with an area total of 3,130,000 sq.meters, 75% of which are in Okinawa. They are concentrated in a few areas (prefectures), 37 in Okinawa, 15 in Kanagawa, 11 in Nagasaki, and 7 in Tokyo. About 52,000 U.S. troops are stationed in these bases, 26,000 in mailand and 25,000 in Okinawa (2001). In mainland Japan, the largest contingent is the air force with 6,600 and that in Okinawa marines (15,500). The U.S. armed forces in Japan, together with U.S. forces in South Korea, are subjected to the Pacific Command located in Hawaii though the Command located at Yokota Airbase in Tokyo also functions as an auxiliary command for the forces deployed all over Japan. The forces deployed to Japan are not a separate complete military unit but integral part of the Pacific Force as the largest of the four U.S. joint forces with a vast jurisdiction extending from the U.S. western coast and the whole of the Pacific Ocean through the Indian Ocean to the eastern coasts of Africa. The main U.S. bases in mainland Japan include Misawa airbase in Aomori Prefecture up in the north of Honshu Island, Yokota Airbase in Tokyo, Yokosuka naval base in Kanagawa Prefecture, Atsugi base in the same prefecture, Iwakuni marine base near Hiroshima, and Sasebo naval base in Nagasaki Prefecture.
{PDF EPUB} the Undaunted Women of Nanking the Wartime Diaries of Minnie Vautrin and Tsen Shui-Fang by Hua-Ling Hu, Hua-Ling Wang 1938
Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} The Undaunted Women of Nanking The Wartime Diaries of Minnie Vautrin and Tsen Shui-fang by Hua-Ling Hu, Hua-ling Wang 1938. Born December 5, 1938, in China; naturalized U.S. citizen; daughter of Kai-ting (a military officer) and Shu-yen (a homemaker) Wang; married Chia-Lun Hu (a professor), 1965; children: Carl. Ethnicity: "Chinese American." Education: Tunghai University, B.A., 1959; University of Colorado at Boulder, M.A., 1962, Ph.D., 1971. Hobbies and other interests: Reading, walking, travel. ADDRESSES: CAREER: University of Colorado, Boulder, instructor, 1963-70; National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, associate professor, 1972-74; National Chung Hsin University, Taichung, Taiwan, associate professor, 1973; Tunghai University, Taichung, associate professor, 1973; University of Denver, Denver, CO, assistant professor, 1977-78; writer and editor, 1978—. Consultant to Research Center of the Nanjing Massacre, Nanjing Normal University, 2003—. Hu was featured in a television documentary special about Minnie Vautrin, produced in China, 2003. MEMBER: Association of Asian Studies. AWARDS, HONORS: Chinese Literary and Arts Medal of Honor, biography category, Chinese Association of Literature and Arts, 1998, for Ginling Forever; nonfiction award, Southern Illinois Regional Writers Contest, 1985. WRITINGS: Fate of Destiny, Chiu Ko Publishing (Taipei, Taiwan), 1992. (Under name Hu Hualing zhu) Ginling Forever: A Biographical Account of Miss Minnie Vautrin (in Chinese), Chiu Ko Publishing (Taipei, Taiwan), 1997, revised edition, People's Literature Publishing House, (Beijing, China), 2000, revised and expanded English version published (under name Hua-ling Hu) as American Goddess at the Rape of Nanking: The Courage of Minnie Vautrin, Southern Illinois University Press (Carbondale, IL), 2000.
Militarization and Demilitarization of Okinawa As a Geostrategic “Keystone” Under the Japan-U.S
Militarization and Demilitarization of Okinawa As a Geostrategic “Keystone” under the Japan-U.S. Alliance August 10-12, 2013 International Geographical Union (IGU) 2013 Kyoto Regional Conference Commission on Political Geography Post-Conference Field Trip In Collaboration with Political Geography Research Group, Human Geographical Society of Japan and Okinawa Geographical Society Contents Organizers and Participants………………………………………………………………………….. p. 2 Co-organizers Assistants Supporting Organizations Informants Participants Time Schedule……………………………………………………………………………………….. p. 4 Route Maps……………………………………………………………………………………….…..p. 5 Naha Airport……………………………………………………………………………………….... p. 6 Domestic Flight Arrival Procedures Domestic Flight Departure Procedures Departing From Okinawa during a Typhoon Traveling to Okinawa during a Typhoon Accommodation………………………………………...…………………………………………..... p. 9 Deigo Hotel History of Deigo Hotel History of Okinawa (Ryukyu)………………………………………..………………………............. p. 11 From Ryukyu to Okinawa The Battle of Okinawa Postwar Occupation and Administration by the United States Post-Reversion U.S. Military Presence in Okinawa U.S. Military Bases in Okinawa…………………………………………………………………...… p. 14 Futenma Air Station Kadena Air Base Camp Schwab Camp Hansen Military Base Towns in Okinawa………………………………………………………...………….. p. 20 Political Economic Profile of Selected Base Towns Okinawa City (formerly Koza City) Chatan Town Yomitan Village Henoko, Nago City Kin Town What to do in Naha……………………………………………………………………………...… p. 31 1 Organizers
Battle of Okinawa 1 Battle of Okinawa Battle of Okinawa Part of World War II, the Pacific War A U.S. Marine from the 2nd Battalion, 1st Marines on Wana Ridge provides covering fire with his Thompson submachine gun, 18 May 1945. Date 1 April – 22 June 1945 Location Okinawa, Japan [1] [1] 26°30′N 128°00′E Coordinates: 26°30′N 128°00′E Result Allied victory, Okinawa occupied by U.S. until 1972 Belligerents United States Empire of Japan United Kingdom Canada Australia New Zealand Commanders and leaders Simon B. Buckner, Jr. † Mitsuru Ushijima † Roy Geiger Isamu Chō † Joseph Stilwell Minoru Ota † Chester W. Nimitz Keizō Komura Raymond A. Spruance Sir Bernard Rawlings Philip Vian Bruce Fraser Strength 183,000 (initial assault force only) ~120,000, including 40,000 impressed Okinawans Casualties and losses More than 12,000 killed More than 110,000 killed More than 38,000 wounded More than 7,000 captured 40,000–150,000 civilians killed The Battle of Okinawa, codenamed Operation Iceberg, was fought on the Ryukyu Islands of Okinawa and was the largest amphibious assault in the Pacific War of World War II. The 82-day-long battle lasted from early April until mid-June 1945. After a long campaign of island hopping, the Allies were approaching Japan, and planned to use Okinawa, a large island only 340 mi (550 km) away from mainland Japan, as a base for air operations on the planned Battle of Okinawa 2 invasion of Japanese mainland (coded Operation Downfall). Four divisions of the U.S.
The Enduring Myth of an Okinawan Struggle: the History and Trajectory of a Diverse Community of Protest
The Enduring Myth of an Okinawan Struggle: The History and Trajectory of a Diverse Community of Protest A dissertation presented to the Division of Arts, Murdoch University in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2003 Miyume Tanji BA (Sophia University) MA (Australian National University) I declare that this thesis is my own account of my research. It contains as its main content work which has not previously been submitted for a degree at any university. ——————————————————————————————— ii ABSTRACT The islands of Okinawa have a long history of people’s protest. Much of this has been a manifestation in one way or another of Okinawa’s enforced assimilation into Japan and their differential treatment thereafter. However, it is only in the contemporary period that we find interpretations among academic and popular writers of a collective political movement opposing marginalisation of, and discrimination against, Okinawans. This is most powerfully expressed in the idea of the three ‘waves’ of a post-war ‘Okinawan struggle’ against the US military bases. Yet, since Okinawa’s annexation to Japan in 1879, differences have constantly existed among protest groups over the reasons for and the means by which to protest, and these have only intensified after the reversion to Japanese administration in 1972. This dissertation examines the trajectory of Okinawan protest actors, focusing on the development and nature of internal differences, the origin and survival of the idea of a united ‘Okinawan struggle’, and the implications of these factors for political reform agendas in Okinawa. It explains the internal differences in organisation, strategies and collective identities among the groups in terms of three major priorities in their protest.