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DOING BUSINESS WITH BANGLADESH FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQs) HIGH COMMISSION OF INDIA DHAKA March 2019 1 Doing Business with Bangladesh Third Edition, 2019 © High Commission oflndia, Dhaka Designed & Printed by SMS Network, Dhaka [email protected] Online version of this Brochure is available at www.hcidhaka.gov.in Forfurther information, please contact: Second Secretary (Commercial) Tel: 00880-2-55067329 [email protected] Disclaimer This Brochure aims to provide information guidance to investors and business community in India seeking to explore business opportunities in Bangladesh. Prior to taking any commercial and investment decisions, it is advised that due diligence and independent checks with relevant Bangladesh authorities on latest information and legal requirements be undertaken.The High Commission does not take any liability in relation to the contents of this Brochure. Links to Internet sites referred to in this brochure should not be construed as endorsement by the High Commission of views contained therein. 2 Message from High Commissioner Bangladesh is India’s most important trading partner in South Asia. Our trade and commercial ties have seen tremendous growth over the last few years with bilateral trade having grown by over three times to USD 9.5 billion in 2017-18 from USD 3.11 billion in 2008-09. There is great interest from the private sectors of the two countries to invest and set up joint ventures in each others’ country, and several leading Indian companies have already invested in Bangladesh. Governments of India and Bangladesh are also committed to create an enabling environment for further promoting growth of bilateral commercial ties. Both Governments are working on improving cross- border connectivity by facilitating road, rail, waterways and airways transportation. Emphasis is also being laid on improving trade and immigration infrastructure at our borders to facilitate easier flow of goods and people. In this context, we have come out with the revised edition of brochure providing answers to questions normally posed by Indian businesses seeking to understand the economic climate in Bangladesh, our bilateral engagement, connectivity and institutional framework for facilitating trade and investment. I am hopeful that this will be useful for the Indian business community. We welcome your comments, suggestions and feedback to further improve the brochure. You may write to [email protected] in this regard. Riva Ganguly Das 3 01. What are the salient features of Bangladesh economy? Economic growth in Bangladesh in the last decade has been impressive with the country registering an average GDP growth of over 6% per annum. Bangladesh economy grew at 7.11% in 2015-16, at 7.28% in 2016-17 and at 7.86% in 2017- 18 (financial year from July to June). Bangladesh’s GDP in 2017-18 stood at US$ 274.52 billion. The per capita income also grew to US$ 1,751 in 2017-18from US$ 1, 610 in 2016-17. According to a report published by PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC), Bangladesh is expected to be amongst the three fastest growing economies in the period up to 2050 averaging growth of around 5% a year. Economic Growth in Bangladesh (%) 7.86 7.11 7.28 6.55 6.01 6.06 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 4 Sectoral Share of GDP, 2017-18 Agriculture 14% Services Industry 56% 30% Bangladesh has also moved forward on social and human development fronts. In March 2018, Bangladesh for the first time met all three criteria (minimum gross national income of US$ 1230, minimum human assets index of 66 and economic vulnerability index below 32) for graduating from the LDC status. Bangladesh is expected to graduate from the LDC status in 2024. Industrial sector in Bangladesh is dominated by the Readymade Garments (RMG) industry. Other important sectors include pharmaceutical, agro-processing, leather goods, shipbuilding, construction, ICT, jute goods, and ceramic products. With sustained economic growth and an expanding middle class, Bangladesh presents great opportunities for both trade and investment. 5 Bangladesh: Basic Information Area 1,47,570 square km Capital Dhaka Population 163.65 million 8 Division 64 Districts Administrative Units 491 Upazilas (Sub- districts) Dhaka,Chittagong, Major cities Sylhet, Rajshahi, Khulna, Barishal, Rangpur Financial Year July – June Taka (Tk. Or BDT, Symbol = $) US $ 1.00 = Tk. 83.95 (As Currency on 10 February 2019) INR 1.00 = Tk. 1.17 (As on 10 February 2019) Inflation (December 2018) 5.54% GDP (2017-2018) US $ 274.52 billion GDP Growth (2017-2018) 7.86% GDP Per Capita (2017-2018) US $ 1,675 GNI Per Capita (2017-2018) US $ 1,751 Industrial Growth (2017-2018) 12.06% Net Foreign Direct Investment (2017-2018) US $ 2.58 billion Total Exports (2017-18) US $ 36.67 billion Total Imports (2017-18) US $ 58.87 billion Foreign Exchange Reserve (January 2019) US $ 31.27 billion Remittances (2017-2018) US$ 14.98 billion Standard Time IST +30 minutes (Source: Bangladesh Bank, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Bangladesh National Portal) 6 02. What are the principal export destinations and main products exported by Bangladesh worldwide? Bangladesh’s total exports in 2017-18 stood at US$ 36.67 billion. Exports are dominated by the RMG sector which contributes over 80% of the total exports. Other major items exported by Bangladesh include leather and leather goods, frozen food, jute and jute products etc. Bangladesh’s principal export destinations include: United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Spain, France, Italy, Netherlands, Japan, Canada and Poland. Bangladesh’s Top Exports, 2017-18 (US$ billion) Footwear and Headgear, 1.02 Rags and Other Clothings, 1.01 Jute and Jute Goods, 0.90 Leather and Leather Goods, 0.52 Others, 2.61 Readymade Garments 30.61 (Source: Export Promotion Bureau, Bangladesh) 7 Bangladesh’s Main Export Destinations, 2017-18 (US$ billion) Spain, 2.46 France, 2.00 Germany UK 5.89 USA 3.99 Italy, 1.56 5.98 India, 0.87 Others 13.91 (Source: Export Promotion Bureau, Bangladesh) 03. What are the principal sources of imports and main products imported by Bangladesh? Bangladesh’s total imports in 2017-18 were US$ 58.87 billion. Major items imported by Bangladesh include capital machinery and goods, textile and articles, iron, steel & other base metals, petroleum, raw cotton and yarn, chemicals, plastics, edible oil, rice etc. Bangladesh’s principal sources of import include China, India, Singapore, Japan, Indonesia, USA, Brazil, Malaysia, Republic of Korea and Thailand. 8 Bangladesh’s Top Imports, 2017- 2018 (US$ billion) Textile Capital Machinery 6.37 Iron, Steel & Metals 5.14 4.39 POL 3.31 Raw Cotton 3.02 Plastics and Rubber 2.33 2.17 Yarn 2.15 Chemicals 1.76 1.57 Edible Oil Rice (Source: Bangladesh Bank) Bangladesh Main Sources of Import, 2017-18 (US$ billion) Singapore, 2.70 India 8.62 Japan,1.87 Indonesia, 1.77 China 11.71 Others 32.20 (Source: Bangladesh Bank) 9 04. What is the state of India-Bangladesh trade and commercial relations? Bangladesh is India’s biggest trading partner and destination for Indian exports in South Asia. India is also the second largest source of imports for Bangladesh. Since 2011, India has granted full market access to Bangladesh which has resulted in a sustained increase in Bangladesh exports to India, particularly the export of readymade garments (RMG). Bangladesh’s garment exports to India increased to US$ 278.68 million in the year July 2017-June 2018 from just US$ 55 million in July 2011-June 2012. RMG export to India in July 2017-June 2018 increased by 114.68% compared with the same period previous year. Total Bilateral Trade (US$ billion) 9.49 6.80 6.34 6.14 6.49 2017-18 2016-17 2015-16 2014-15 2013-14 10 Bangladesh’s Exports to India (US$ million) 873.27 689.62 672.4 527.16 456.16 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 Bangladesh’s Imports from India (US$ billion) 6.03 8.62 5.82 5.45 6.13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 (Source: Bangladesh Bank, Export Promotion Bureau, Bangladesh) Several Indian companies have also invested in Bangladesh across a wide range of sectors. These include Marico, Emami, Dabur, Asian Paints, Pidilite, Godrej, Sun Pharma, Tata Motors, Hero MotoCorp etc. Three economic zones meant for exclusively Indian investments in Bangladesh (in Mirsarai, Bheramara and 11 Mongla) are also in the pipeline. These will further facilitate Indian investments in Bangladesh. Bheramara Proposals for outward investment Mirsarai from Bangladesh to India are Mongla subject to approval by Bangladesh Bank and the concerned Ministry/ Department in India. 05. What are the top ten products exported by India to Bangladesh? Raw Cotton, Yarn & 1729.9 Fabric Cereals 1330.1 Vehicles 983.8 Machinery, Boilers, Equipment etc. 649.8 Residues and Waste 371.1 Edible Vegetable 341.9 Electrical Machinery 282.1 Iron and Steel 279.4 Plastics & Plastic 221 Goods Organic Chemicals 213.4 (Source: Bangladesh Bank) 12 06. What are the top ten products imported by India from Bangladesh? Readymade Garments 278.68 Jute and Jute Goods 158.10 Animal or Vegetable Fats & Oils 39.16 Rags and Other Clothings 33.62 Lead & Lead Goods 29.96 Fish & Crustaceans 27.13 Beverages, Spirits and Vinegar 25.67 Copper & Copper 23.80 Goods Plastics & Plastic 23.49 Goods (Source: Export Promotion Bureau, Bangladesh) 07. Where can one access information on Bangladesh’s global imports and exports of different products? Import Data: The Bangladesh Bank (central Bank of Bangladesh) has made available detailed data on country- wise imports of different products by Bangladesh from 2002- 03 onwards. From 2012-13, this data is available for four digit 13 level HS Codes.