The Challenges Facing Sports Tourism for Special Needs Groups in Jordan by Dr

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Global Journal of HUMAN SOCIAL SCIENCE Volume 12 Issue 3 Version 1.0 February 2012 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA) Online ISSN: 2249-460x & Print ISSN: 0975-587X

The Challenges Facing Sports Tourism for Special Needs Groups In Jordan By Dr. Mohammad Nayef Alsarayreh, Dr. Hisham Ali Aldmour, Subhi Ahmad Qablan, Maysam Tawfiq Dmethan Almajali Educational Science and Social Department, AlBalqa Applied University, Jordan, Karak

Abstract - This seeks to identify the challenges facing sport tourism for special groups in Jordan, identify the difficulties and hindrances facing this form of tourism from performing its desired role, and identify the types of discrimination facing it and its consequences affecting its desired role. This study belongs to exploratory analytical studies; it follows the approach of collecting and analyzing data to reach the results, 250 copies of the questionnaire has been distributed, 220 copies has been returned, 20 of them were excluded. So the study utilized 200 copies of the questionnaire for data collection. The study concluded that there is a statistically significant relationship between sports activities of the special needs groups and the process of tourism promotion in Jordan. Keywords : Sports tourism, special needs, sports activities, tourism activities.

GJHSS-C Classification : FOR Code: 150606, 150603

The Challenges Facing Sports Tourism for Special Needs Groups In Jordan

Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of:

© 2012. Par : Dr. Mohammad Nayef Alsarayreh, Dr. Hisham Ali Aldmour, Subhi Ahmad Qablan, Maysam Tawfiq Dmethan Almajali. This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

The Challenges Facing Sports Tourism for Special Needs Groups In Jordan

Dr. Mohammad Nayef Alsarayrehα, Dr. Hisham Ali AldmourΩ, Subhi Ahmad Qablanβ, Maysam Tawfiq Dmethan Almajali ѱ 12 0 Abstract - This seeks to identify the challenges facing sport need special diet, or who are hyper sensitive and 2 tourism for special groups in Jordan, identify the difficulties require facilities and a certain level of comfort during and hindrances facing this form of tourism from performing movement and residence. The focus should be on

its desired role, and identify the types of discrimination ebruary

special needs tourism more than others, due to their F

facing it and its consequences affecting its desired role. urgent need for entertainment, because they are This study belongs to exploratory analytical studies; it follows the approach of collecting and analyzing data to prisoners of the health situation, and should be 55 reach the results, 250 copies of the questionnaire has been assisted and supported to overcome the challenges distributed, 220 copies has been returned, 20 of them were they face. )Mike, W. 2006) excluded. So the study utilized 200 copies of the This definition shows that the topic relates to a questionnaire for data collection. broad base of tourists plus parents and families and The study concluded that there is a statistically concerned friends due to their health, so it relates to a significant relationship between sports activities of the huge marketing slide in travel and tourism industry, the special needs groups and the process of tourism promotion ability to activate and utilize it depends on the maturity in Jordan. of laws and specifications to be adopted by the The study recommended competent authorities to continuously increase interest in sports activities for special Government, in addition to the tourism sector as a needs groups because of their impact on the promotion of whole and the plans and strategies to attract such tourism in Jordan, and to lift the current positive role of sport large slide of tourists and encourage workers in this tourism programs in particular with regard to the inclusion of sector (such as restaurants, clubs, hotels and sports tourism mainly in tourism programs, and to pay more transportation) to adopt ways of achieving this. attention to sports tourism as with the rest of the tourism «WTO» Estimates tourists from this category Volume XII Issue III Version I activities. The Jordanian Government agencies should to more than 10 per cent of the total number of tourists oversee tourism sport for people with special needs, by around the world, while the ILO estimated in a report, sufficiently helping to activate sports tourism for people with the number of people with special needs more than special needs in Jordan, and finding legislation and laws to facilitate performing this form of tourism, and increasing 610 million, including more than 30 million people government support for tourism. living in the Middle East. (Simo, V.2010) Keywords : sports tourism, special needs, sports The need to facilitate the touristic services is activities, tourism activities. considered an urgent demand in the 21st century, and

is reflected in the resolutions of the World Tourism Social Science man Organization at its fifty-sixth session, where officials u charged with consideration of all issues that would f H ourism with special needs is a set of services

serve people with special needs, and providing al o

and facilities that can enable a person with n technical support to promote this concept in global r special needs enjoy vacationing or time devoted u T tourism. o to entertain himself, without problems. Those with

There is a fact that must be emphasized to al J

special needs may be one of the following: elderly, or b become a rule, namely that the disabled have the right permanent or temporary disable persons (due to lo

as the others, to enjoy travel and tourism, and those G breaking or operation), persons who who are in charge in the tourism sector have to take

steps to change the practices, policies and Author α : Educational Science and Social Department, AlBalqa procedures to make various facilities and services Applied University, Jordan, Karak, Mobile: +962777198864, available to everyone. (Akram, K.1997) E-mail : [email protected] Ω Author : Dean of the Al Karak University College, E-mail : [email protected] Author β : Faculty of Engineering Technology, AlBalqa Applied Gudrun Doll-Tepper )1997)Physical education University, Jordan, E-mail : [email protected] and sport and special needs in Germany. ѱ Author : The Ministry of Education, the Directorate of Education in Historically, in Germany individuals with karak Governorate, Jordan, E-mail : [email protected]. special needs have been offered participation in

© 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) physical education (PE) both in segregated and intended to be of relevance not only for those with an increasingly in integrated settings. Specific curricula interest in PE, but also for those with an interest in for children with disabilities (physical disabilities, inclusive education more generally. hearing, and visual impairments, speech and Kathleen Brophy; Debby Stone-Zukowski ( behaviour disorders as well as intellectual disabilities) 1984) Social and play behaviour of special needs and were developed in the 1960s and 1970s. They all non-special needs toddlers1. emphasized the specific importance of physical The social and play behaviours of special activities for people with a disability focusing not only needs and non-special needs toddlers enrolled in two on motor competencies but also on the psychological early childhood programs were observed. Video tapes and social benefits of physical education. During the of each child were made during four different free play

12 1970s so-called model schools started to include periods. These tapes were analyzed to assess the

20 children with disabilities in mainstream schools. Unlike interaction of special needs and non-special needs developments in the United States, for example, where toddlers with adults and peers. The play of the children

integrated or mainstream schooling was based on was assessed in terms of Parten's categories. Peer

ebruary legal requirements, in Germany improved integration interaction did not differ markedly, however, the F

or inclusion was not based on federal law, but on special needs children spent more time looking parents' or teachers' initiatives in different Bundesl at/listening to other adults and children. The special 562 nder (states of Germany). Parallel to these needs children were also less verbal in their developments, new approaches to PE have interactions. Solitary and parallel play were the major accentuated a positive orientation towards 'ability' types of play activity for the special needs children. rather than 'disability'. Professionals in PE in Adults tended to ask questions and elaborate more in universities and in schools have been challenged to their interactions with non-special needs toddlers. develop better diagnostic skills and more Special needs children experienced more direction individualized programmes. On the initiative of nine and helping behaviour from the adults. European universities, a European Master's degree of Laura Nabors; Mohamed Badawi; Sarah Adapted Physical Activity has been developed to offer Cheney ( 1997), Factors Related to Teacher-Directed advanced training on a European scale. However, Play Between Preschool-Age Children With Special despite these positive and innovative developments Needs and Their Typical Peers. serious concerns remain concerning the situation of This study investigated the relations among children with disabilities in the school system. This child factors, classroom factors, and the percentage of article argues that there is still a significant lack of observations that preschoolers with and without Volume XII Issue III Version I specially trained professionals and support staff and special needs spent in teacher-directed group play. that the ongoing process of reducing the amount of Differences in the number of observations for other PE in schools for all children, including those with a types of play (e.g., playing with a teacher or playing disability, does not contribute to improved physical cooperatively with peers) between children with and and social skills or increased participation in without special needs also was examined. Additionally, recreational and sport activities outside schools. the percentage of observations spent by children with Andrew Smith; Nigel Thomas (2006) Including and without special needs in different classroom pupils with special educational needs and disabilities activities and centers was examined. Participants were in National Curriculum Physical Education: a brief 48 typically developing children and 22 children with review. special needs. A scanning method was used to This brief review paper examines what has assess play types for the children. Results indicated been, until relatively recently, a largely under-explored that girls were more likely to play cooperatively in area of research within the sub-discipline of inclusive teacher-directed groups than boys. And, children with ournal ofSocial Science Humanournal education, namely the inclusion of pupils with special special needs were more likely to play with a teacher al J educational needs (SEN) and disabilities in National and less likely to play cooperatively with peers than Curriculum Physical Education (NCPE). More their typically developing classmates. Children with Glob specifically, by drawing upon studies conducted with and without special needs frequently engaged in play teachers and pupils in England, the paper examines in the following areas: art, blocks, science, making some of the complex issues that surround the food, talking with classmates. In future studies, inclusion of pupils with SEN and disabilities in NCPE investigators should observe the different types of following its introduction in 1992. In particular, it child and teacher behaviors related to increased considers teachers' views on the nature and purposes interactions between children who have special needs of inclusive physical education (PE) and teacher and their typically developing classmates. training, as well as the suitability of the structure, in its Simo Vehmas (2010), Special needs: a present form, of NCPE for pupils with SEN and philosophical analysis. disabilities, the PE experiences of whom are also This paper attempts to illuminate a central explored. In doing so, the issues raised herein are concept and idea in special education discourse,

© 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) namely, 'special needs'. It analyses philosophically on the needs of the country. Also, this study will seek what needs are and on what grounds they are defined to achieve these objectives through the following: as 'special' or 'exceptional'. It also discusses whether 1. Identify the concept of sports tourism for people sorting needs into ordinary and special is with special needs. discriminatory. It is argued that individualistic tendency 2. Specify the elements of sports tourism for people in special need rhetoric has serious shortcomings, with special needs and factors affecting it. although it does not inevitably lead to discrimination 3. State the fact of sports tourism for people with against those with 'special needs'. Improving special needs. individuals' capabilities as well as social conditions are 4. Understand what is available from sports tourism the means to create societies and schools which are programs for individuals with special needs.

inclusive, and which put justice into practice. 5. The situation of development and training in 12 0

Jordan to develop this type of tourism. 2 6. Tourist satisfaction of Sports tourism for special needs tourism process in Jordan. This seeks to identify the challenges facing

ebruary

sport tourism for special groups in Jordan, identify the F

difficulties and hindrances facing this form of tourism from performing its desired role, and identify the types This study was designed to investigate the 57 of discrimination facing it and its consequences conditions of challenges facing sports tourism for affecting its desired role. people with special needs in Jordan, the hindrances facing this form of programs, the factors influencing the evolution of this type, and the study's findings and Since this study is of analytical studies, it recommendations which would be placed in front of attempts to answer the following questions: decision-makers in the tourism sector and taken into consideration. 1. What is the situation of special needs tourism in the touristic system? This study reviews the relations among the 2. What are the difficulties faced by people with challenges facing sports tourism for people with special needs, and tourism activities in the study area. special needs while traveling? 3. What are areas where these difficulties appeared The lack of Arabic touristic facilities which mostly from your opinion? meet the needs of special needs tourists is standing in 4. Do you find a special interest in this type of the way of thinking of the majority of tourists with tourism seeks to provide the requirements of this special needs in their exit or mobility to take advantage Volume XII Issue III Version I category of tourists? of opportunities for entertainment and recreation 5. What procedures and solutions needed to develop throughout the region, and that this deficiency this type of tourism and encourage owners to deprives the tourism industry of additional entries, and travel in conditions suitable to them? the losses of Arab tourism due to lack of facilities for 6. What are the opportunities to develop this kind of people with special needs is approximately $ 3 billion annually. tourism? 7. What is the percentage of the presence of the The tourism industry faces a major challenge

Jordanian tourism offers for this type of tourism represented in the need to provide holidays programs Social Science man u programs? tailored with special needs groups, so the regional 8. What is tourist satisfaction for this form of tourism? tourism sector operators and travel companies, should f H adopt the best practices in this field, and build 9. What are the difficulties and hindrances facing this al o n form of tourism? partnerships with various destinations for a r u 10. What is the vision and proposals to improve this constructive approach in line with the requirements of o tourists with special needs, and the tourists' form of tourism? al J acceptance will have a remarkable mobility if initiatives b

are made to provide products and services G

commensurate with their needs, since the world is The study aims to capture results to assist in witnessing a revolution in ICT, this will promote the identifying and understanding of the challenges facing study of how to use this revolution to allow persons sports tourism for people with special needs in Jordan with special needs enjoy the touristic sites of all kinds.

as a kind of tourism programs, and how to develop The importance of this study emerges from this form of tourism programs in Jordan. the importance of the touristic sector which [lays an From the foregoing it is clear, that the study important role in the economic and social investment seeks to examine the situation of the challenges facing in the Kingdom, also this study provide a database tourism sports for people with special needs in Jordan, and important indicators about one of the touristic with a future plan to develop this type of tourism based programs in Jordan.

$ 1000 and 18.50% their incomes range from $200 to $ 500. The studies that are interested in research in sports tourism for people with special needs in Jordan Table 1: frequencies and the percentages of are but a few. respondent's personal variables

Factor Frequency Percentage

Male 122 61.00 12 Gender 20 This study belongs to exploratory analytical Female 78 39.00 studies; it follows the approach of collecting and

Less than 25 29 14.50

analyzing data to reach the results, 250 copies of the 25 – 32 44 22.00

ebruary questionnaire has been distributed, 220 copies has Age F 33 – 40 57 28.50 been returned, 20 of them were excluded. So the study utilized 200 copies of the questionnaire for data More than 40 70 35.00 582 collection. $200 - $500 37 18.50 Monthly $501 - $1000 84 42.00 Income More than 79 39.5 1. There is no statistically significant relationship $1000 between sports activities and special needs sport in Jordan. 2. There is no statistically significant relationship The stability of the measure was tested using between the diversity of sports tourism programs Cronbach's alpha coefficient, it is shown from Table (2) and special needs sport in Jordan. that: 3. There is no statistically significant relationship 1. Alpha value related to items of sports activities between supervision by the Government on sports dimension equals to 0.79. tourism programs and special needs sport in 2. Alpha value related to items of sports tourism Jordan. programs dimension equals to 0.85. Volume XII Issue III Version I 4. There is no statistically significant relationship 3. Alpha value related to items of Government between educational information programs about supervision dimension equals to 0.73. sports tourism and sports tourism for people with 4. Alpha value related to items of educational and special needs in Jordan. media programs dimension equals to 0.87. 5. There is no statistically significant relationship 5. Alpha value related to items of customer between the prices of touristic offers as requested customized prices of touristic offers dimension by the customer and sports tourism for people equals to 0.77. with special needs in Jordan. 6. Alpha value related to items of specialized cadres 6. There is no statistically significant relationship dimension equals to 0.74. between the specialized cadres, personnel and 7. Alpha value related to all items dimension equals infrastructure of the touristic sites and sports to 0.89. tourism for people with special needs in Jordan. All these values are greater than 0.70 which means that the measure is stable. ournal ofSocial Science Humanournal

al J Table 2 : Cronbach's alpha values for study

dimensions Glob Table No. (1) Shows a description of personal Dimension Alpha factors to the sample, as follows: value

• Gender: that 60.50% of the study sample were Sports activities 0.79 male, and 39.00% were female. Sports tourism programs 0.85

• Age: 35.00% of respondents aged more than 40 Government supervision 0.73 years, and 28.50% of respondents aged 33-40 educational and media programs 0.87

years old, and 22% aged between 25-32 years customer customized prices of touristic 0.77

old, and 14.50% aged less than 25 years. offers specialized cadres 0.74 • Monthly income: 42.00% that ranges between all items 0.89 $501 and $1000, 39.50% their incomes are above

importance of the sports activities for special needs groups in Jordan as a part of the touristic process, with an arithmetic average of 3.22. There is no statistically significant relationship 2. According to item 11 which measures how much between sports activities and special needs sport in practicing sport activity for special needs groups a Jordan. main motive to make touristic journeys, although it It has shown from Table (3) that: has arithmetic an average greater than 3.00 but 1. All items have arithmetic averages greater than the observed significance level is greater than 3.00 for each item, except item 11. The observed 0.005 which means that it is statistically significance level for each item is less than 0.05 insignificant. 12 0 which that they are statistically significant, so all 3. The items combined have an arithmetic average of 2 these items are statistical. Item (1) which 3.34 and the observed significance level 0.00 measures the participation of sports events in

which means that it is statistically significant, so

activation of touristic movement for special needs the first hypothesis is rejected, i.e., there is a ebruary F

groups, came in the first rank with an arithmetic statistically significant relationship between sports average of 3.69. In the last rank of the statistically activities and special needs sport in Jordan. accepted items came item (7) which measure the 59

Table 3 : mean, Std. Deviation, T-test, and observed significance level related to Sport activities

Item Item Arithmetic Standard t- value Observed No. average deviation significance level 1 Sporting events to help 3.69 1.31 7.46 0.00 revitalize touristic movement for people with special needs

7 Are sports activities for 3.22 1.46 2.08 0.00

special needs in Jordan is an important part of the tourism

process Volume XII Issue III Version I

11 The sports activity for people 3.05 1.34 0.53 0.00 with special needs in Jordan is the main motivation to make my touristic journey 12 I plan to visit Jordan again to 3.38 1.41 3.71 0.00 participate in sports for

people with special needs in

Jordan Social Science man u

24 Establishment of sports 3.36 1.53 3.41 0.00 f H championships for persons al o with special needs in touristic n r

places encourages me to visit u o these places more than once al J b

lo Total 3.34 0.81 5.89 0.00 G

observed significance level for each item is less than 0.05 which that they are statistically significant, so all these items are statistical. Item There is no statistically significant (22) which measures the majority of youth relationship between the diversity of sports tourism practicing sports compared to others from programs and special needs sport in Jordan. different ages in the sports touristic programs

It has shown from Table (4) that: for special needs groups in Jordan, came in the

1. All items have arithmetic averages greater than first rank with an arithmetic average of 3.92. In 3.00 for each item, except items 8 and 30. The the last rank of the statistically accepted items

came item (26) which measures the diversit y of less than 3.00 which means that it is statistically sports tourism program for people with special insignificant, i.e., sports tourism is not mainly needs in Jordan, with an arithmetic average of included within the tourism programs. 3.45. 4. The items combined have an arithmetic average of 2. According to item 8 which measures how much 3.14 and the observed significance level 0.00 which sports tourism for special needs groups is means that it is statistically significant, so the considered important in comparison with the other second hypothesis is rejected, i.e., there is a touristic activities, it has an arithmetic average less statistically significant relationship between the than 3.00 which means that it is statistically diversity of sports tourism programs and special insignificant. needs sport in Jordan. 12 3. According to item 30 it has an arithmetic average 20

Table 4 : mean, Std. Deviation, T-test, and observed significance level related to Sport tourism programs

ebruary

F Observed

Item Arithmetic Standard Item t- value significance No. average deviation level 602 2 Sports tourism Programs in 3.50 1.39 5.05 0.00 Jordan contributes to meet all the needs of people with special needs

6 There is diversity in sports 3.48 1.37 4.97 0.00 activities within the tourism program for those with special needs in Jordan

8 Sports tourism for people 2.99 1.35 -0.05 0.00 with special needs in Jordan are important compared to

other tourism activities

Volume XII Issue III Version I 19 The proportion of male 3.74 1.10 9.49 0.00 practitioners of sports are more than girls through sports tourism programs for

individuals with special needs in Jordan

22 Young practitioners of sports 3.92 1.08 12.00 0.00 are more than rest of ages in sports tourism programs for

individuals with special needs

in Jordan

25 I feel secure and safe when 3.74 0.84 12.35 0.00 participating in sports

ournal ofSocial Science Humanournal activities and programs for

al J persons with special needs in

Jordan Glob 26 There is diversity in sports 3.46 0.95 6.77 0.00 tourism program for people

with special needs in Jordan

27 Touristic programs which 3.49 0.88 7.80 0.00 specialized in sports tourism for people with special needs in Jordan, are available in Jordan

Total 3.14 0.49 4.15 0.00

challenging point was that was not governmental

support to encourage this tourism with an arithmetic

average of 2.38. There is no statistically significant The items combined have an arithmetic 12 0 relationship between supervision by the average of 2.52 which is less than 3.00 which 2 Government on sports tourism programs and means that it is statistically insignificant, so the third special needs sport in Jordan. hypothesis is accepted, i.e., There has no

It has shown from Table (5) that the statistically significant relationship between ebruary F

arithmetic averages for all items are less than 3.00 supervision by the Government on sports tourism which means that they are statistically insignificant, programs and special needs sport in Jordan. i.e., all these things are challenges facing the sports 61 tourism for special needs groups. The most

Table 5 : mean, Std. Deviation, T-test, and observed significance level related to Governmental

supervision

Observed Item Arithmetic Standard Item t- value significance No. average deviation level 4 The procedures taken by the 2.77 1.44 -2.26 0.00 Government in this form of tourism, help activating the movement of sports tourism for special needs groups 10 There are legislations and 2.40 1.53 -5.55 0.00 Volume XII Issue III Version I laws to facilitate performing sports tourism for special needs groups 13 The support by the 2.38 1.59 -5.50 0.00 Government is of the most important factors encouraging sorts tourism for special needs groups Total 2.52 1.00 - 6.82 0.00 Social Science man u

f H tourism for special needs groups. The most

challenging point was that there were not al o n r

educational programs about sports tourism for u There is no statistically significant special needs groups in Jordan promoted in o relationship between educational information abroad, with an arithmetic average of 2.48. al J b

programs about sports tourism and sports tourism The items combined have an arithmetic lo for people with special needs in Jordan. average of 2.86 which is less than 3.00 which G

It has shown from Table (6) that the means that it is statistically insignificant, so the arithmetic averages for all items are less than 3.00 fourth hypothesis is accepted, i.e., There is no except for item (15) which measures the sufficiency statistically significant relationship between of the information about the touristic sites visited by educational information programs about sports the tourists which means that all the other items are tourism and sports tourism for people with special statistically insignificant. So all these things do not needs in Jordan. exist and they are challenges facing the sports

Table 6 : mean, Std. Deviation, T-test, and observed significance level related to educational and media programs

Observed Item Arithmetic Standard Item t- value significance No. average deviation level 3 The necessary information 2.59 1.51 -3.83 0.00 about sports tourism for people with special needs in Jordan are sufficiently

12 available abroad 20 15 There is enough information 3.51 1.44 5.00 0.00

about visited touristic areas 16 There is awareness and 2.78 1.62 -1.92 0.06

ebruary knowledge of the benefit of F

sports tourism for people with special needs in 622 Jordan and its importance as one of the types of

tourism 17 The media is publicizing 2.95 1.40 - 0.55 0.58 monuments of sports tourism for people with special needs in Jordan appropriately and gives in- depth and regular

information

18 There are educational 2.48 1.59 -4.61 0.00

programs on sports tourism for people with special needs in Jordan promote abroad

Volume XII Issue III Version I Total 2.86 0.88 - 2.24 0.03

There is no statistically significant relationship between the prices of touristic offers as requested by the customer and sports tourism for

people with special needs in Jordan. It has shown from Table (7) that the arithmetic averages for all items are less than 3.00 which means that they are statistically insignificant, i.e., all these things are challenges facing the sports ournal ofSocial Science Humanournal tourism for special needs groups. The most

al J challenging point was that the prices

of tourism products of sports tourism Glob for people with special needs in Jordan are not to lower than other types of tourism with an arithmetic average of 2.20. The items combined have an arithmetic average of 2.53 which is less than 3.00 which means that it is statistically insignificant, so the fifth hypothesis is accepted, i.e., There has no statistically significant relationship between the prices of touristic offers as requested by the customer and sports tourism for people with special needs in Jordan.

Observed Item Arithmetic Standard Item t- value significance No. average deviation level

20 There are specific pricing of 2.74 1.52 -2.61 0.01

tourism products for special needs groups within the regulations of the Ministry of tourism

21 There are disparities in rates 2.67 1.63 -2.98 0.00 12 0 of tourist services for persons 2 with special needs to fit all social classes in terms of price ebruary 23 There is a decrease in prices 2.20 1.56 -7.30 0.00 F

of tourism products of sports tourism for people with 63 special needs in Jordan more than other forms of tourism

Total 2.53 1.13 - 5.96 0.00

the sports tourism for special needs groups. The most challenging point was the lack of specialized cadres enough to practice sports activities for There is no statistically significant people with special needs in business tourism, with relationship between the specialized cadres, an arithmetic average of 2.55. personnel and infrastructure of the touristic sites The items combined have an arithmetic and sports tourism for people with special needs in average of 2.90 which is less than 3.00 which means that it is statistically insignificant, so the sixth Jordan. It has shown from Table (8) that the hypothesis is accepted, i.e., There is no statistically arithmetic averages for all items are less than 3.00 significant relationship between the specialized Volume XII Issue III Version I except for item (14) which means that all the other cadres, personnel and infrastructure of the touristic sites and sports tourism for people with special items are statistically insignificant. So all these things do not exist and they are challenges facing needs in Jordan.

Table 8 : mean, Std. Deviation, T test, and observed significance level related to specialized cadres - Observed Item Arithmetic Standard Item t- value significance No. average deviation

level Social Science man 5 The specialized cadres are 2.55 1.31 -4.91 0.00 u

sufficient to practice sports f H activities for special needs al o

groups in Jordan within n r

tourism facilities u 9 Infrastructure provides the 2.99 1.56 -0.14 0.89 o

right atmosphere for sporting al J b

activities for people with lo

special needs in Jordan in G tourism and hotel business 28 The available cadres are 2.94 1.44 -0.59 0.56 highly specialized in sports tourism for people with special needs 29 The degree of cooperation of 2.70 1.35 -3.21 0.00 cadres working in touristic facilities takes into account the specificity of those with special needs in all respects Total 2.90 0.90 - 1.55 0.12

© 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) available abroad. There is not enough awareness and knowledge of the usefulness and relevance of this form of tourism as a type of tourism. The media a) Results is not publicizing monuments of sports tourism for The study found the following results: people with special needs in Jordan appropriately

and does not give in-depth and regular information. 1. There is a statistically significant relationship between sports activities for special needs groups There are not sufficient educational programs on and the process of promoting tourism in Jordan. sports tourism for people with special needs in Since sporting events help to revitalize tourism for Jordan to promote it abroad. But there is enough information about touristic areas that are visited by people with special needs, sports for people with

12 special needs in Jordan are an important part of the tourists.

20 touristic process. The establishment of sports 5. There has no statistically significant relationship championships for persons with special needs between the prices of touristic offers as requested

makes tourists plan to visit Jordan again to by the customer and sports tourism for people with

ebruary participate in sports activities for people with special special needs in Jordan. There are no specific F

needs in Jordan. But practicing sports activities for pricing of tourism products for special needs people with special needs are not considered the groups within the regulations of the Ministry of 642 tourism. There are no disparities in rates of tourist main motivation to visit Jordan. services for persons with special needs to fit all 2. There is a statistically significant relationship between sports tourism programs and special social classes in terms of price. There is no needs sport in Jordan, where sports tourism decrease in prices of tourism products of sports programs in Jordan participate to meet all the needs tourism for people with special needs in Jordan of people with special needs, there is diversity in more than other forms of tourism sports activities within the tourism program for those 6. There is no statistically significant relationship with special needs in Jordan, the proportion of male between the specialized cadres, personnel and infrastructure of the touristic sites and sports practitioners of sports are more than girls through sports tourism programs for individuals with special tourism for people with special needs in Jordan. The needs in Jordan, a young practitioners of sport are specialized cadres are not sufficient to practice more than rest of other ages in sports tourism sports activities for special needs groups in Jordan programs for individuals with special needs in within tourism facilities. Infrastructure does not provide the right atmosphere for sporting activities Volume XII Issue III Version I Jordan. Participating in sports activities and programs for persons with special needs in Jordan for people with special needs in Jordan in tourism is secure and safe. There is diversity in sports and hotel business. The available cadres are not tourism program for people with special needs in highly specialized in sports tourism for people with Jordan, touristic programs which are specialized in special needs. The degree of cooperation of cadres sports tourism for people with special needs in working in touristic facilities does not take into Jordan are available in Jordan. But sports tourism account the specificity of those with special needs for people with special needs in Jordan is not in all respects. considered important compared with the other b) Recommendations tourism activities. Sports tourism is not inserted within the tourism programs. The study recommends that:

1. The competent authorities have to continuously 3. There is no statistically significant relationship between supervision by the Government on sports increase interest in sports activities for special needs because of their impact on the promotion of

ournal ofSocial Science Humanournal tourism programs and special needs sport in Jordan, where the procedures done by the tourism in Jordan. In particular, these activities do al J government are not enough to stimulate the not represent the main motivation for tourists to movement of sports tourism for people with special travel to Jordan. Glob 2. The current positive role of sports tourism programs needs in Jordan. There is no legislation or laws that facilitate this form of tourism, nor is the support of should be bolstered, in particular with regard to the the State of the most important factors in promoting inclusion of sports tourism in tourism programs this type of tourism... mainly, and also be concerned with sports tourism

as in the case of the rest of touristic activities. 4. There is no statistically significant relationship 3. The Jordanian Government agencies should between educational information and media programs on sports tourism and sports tourism for oversee sports tourism for people with special people with special needs in Jordan, as the needs, by sufficiently helping to activate the necessary information on sports tourism for people movement of sports tourism for people with special with special needs in Jordan is not sufficiently needs in Jordan, and creating legislations and laws

© 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) to facilitate performing this form of tourism. Increase 7. Jason, W. )2005). Olympic opportunity: realizing governmental support for this form of tourism. the value of sports heritage for tourism in the 4. activate the role of information and education UK. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 10(4),2005, programs on sports tourism for people with Pages 307 – 321. special needs in Jordan, through the provision 8. Adrian, D., & Frances, D. (2004). The politics of of necessary information about them abroad, sports tourism in Northern Ireland. Journal of increase awareness and knowledge of its Sport & Tourism, 9(2), 2004, Pages 171 - 182 usefulness and relevance as a type of tourism, 9. Mike, W.( 2006). Sports Tourism Research and make the media publicizes the contours of 2000 -2004: A Systematic Review of Knowledge

this type of tourism appropriately and give in- 12

and a Meta-Evaluation of Methods. Journal of 0 depth and regular information creating Sport & Tourism, 11 (1), 5 – 30 2 educational programs on tourism spread 10. Hagen, W., & Alexander, W. (2010). Regional abroad. Sports Tourism Networks: A Conceptual

5. Study the prices of touristic offers to suit ebruary

Framework. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 15(3), F

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cooperate with this group and observe their Cairo. Volume XII Issue III Version I privacy in all respects. REFERENCES RÉFÉRENCES REFERENCIAS

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