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THE EFFECTS of PANDEMIC ERA to TOURISM INDUSTRY in TANGERANG Listania Felia Kartika Candra(1), Agnira Rekha2)

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THE EFFECTS of PANDEMIC ERA to TOURISM INDUSTRY in TANGERANG Listania Felia Kartika Candra(1), Agnira Rekha2) eISSN : 2654-4687 ; pISSN : 2654-3894 https://doi.org/10.17509/jithor.v3i2.25664 [email protected] http://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/Jithor Volume 3, No. 2, October 2020 THE EFFECTS OF PANDEMIC ERA TO TOURISM INDUSTRY IN TANGERANG Listania Felia Kartika Candra(1), Agnira Rekha2) (1) & (2) Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Universitas Tidar [email protected], [email protected] Submitted: 22 June 2020 Revised:27 October 2020 Accepted: 28 October 2020 ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic affected its economic impact and disrupted all the economies in the world, including in Indonesia, causing many people to lose their jobs, close some of their businesses and the possibility of an economic crisis. The monetary crisis as a result of the pandemic has an impact on the tourism industry, one of which is in Tangerang, Banten. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overall understanding of the possibility of a pandemic macroeconomic shock, which includes economic activity in several affected areas, knowing how much the hospitality industry is affected by the same experiencing losses due to not having visitors as usual days. This study uses quantitative methods with factor analysis techniques and distributes questionnaires to collect data. As a result, there are three factors that influence the tourism industry in this pandemic era, such as supporting factors, the strength factor, and the self-awareness factor. Finally, the health protocol for the New Normal transition was implemented after the dissolution of the PSBB and it is hoped that the economy can return to stability. Keywords: Pandemic Effects, Tourism Industry, Tangerang INTRODUCTION the result of further examination from Jakarta Coronavirus outbreaks cause more than residents, precisely the same dance group 200 countries in the world affected by the cluster with cases 1, 2, 3, and others. prolonged. Wuhan City was one of those who Meanwhile, case 6 is a crew or ABK Diamond experienced the COVID-19 pandemic for the Princess. The 36-year-old male patient tested first time. As of March 31, 2020, there were positive for the coronavirus after returning 719,758 confirmed cases in the world. from Japan, where the cruise ship had leaned Coronavirus caused 33,673 thousand deaths (Antara, 2020) due to this plague. This epidemic spread very The number of COVID-19 patients quickly to several regions. In Indonesia, the increased dramatically in Serang District. first case was found in Jakarta, a woman and From the beginning, only two people now her daughter were checked by medical increased to 5 people. The Chairperson of the personnel who knew of its whereabouts. She Serang District COVID-19 Task Force for the is known to have a history of physical contact Acceleration of Handling has said that three with a Japanese citizen who is familiar with Serang District residents tested positive for this family. Another case was also found, COVID-19, two from Anyer Regency and one claim 5 was a 55-year-old male. Patients are from Kopo Regency. Positive patients of JITHOR Vol.3, No.1, April 2020 – eISSN : 2654-4687 pISSN : 2654-3894 – 169 Listania Felia Kartika Candra and Agnira Rekha: The Effects of Pandemic Era to Tourism Industry in Tangerang COVID-19 are Anyer residents who are still ventilators are not widely available in 38 and 40 years old and are employees of PT Indonesia, with rural settings, and there is a IKPT, which is a project contractor of PT lack of protective equipment for medical Chandra Asri Petrochemical. These two personnel in hospitals. Equipment needed by positive patients were hospitalized in Banten hospitals such as PPE, masks, face shields, RSUD and Siloam Karawaci Hospital, hand sanitizers, and gloves. Needs that must Tangerang. Apart from Anyer and Kopo be needed by residents also began to decrease District, two COVID-19 patients were in number when the virus entered the territory confirmed positive, and this elderly citizen of Indonesia. Traders start selling at prices came from Kibin District. Medical personnel higher than market prices. They become have also found another case, a man who was hoarders of masks, gloves and hand sanitizers married, after running a PCR test, he was when the world needs it. The government has tested positive for COVID-19. Previously, he implemented a PSBB (Large-Scale Social was involved in religious activities in Jakarta. Limitation) system where all residents who do The patient was declared cured after being not need to leave home or go out of town, all treated at Banten General Hospital since must stay at home. For those who have March 29, 2020, after receiving intensive care emergency work to get out of the city, they for 20 days, but still had to do independent must provide work permits to officers who are isolation for 14 days at home while the family always patrolling in every city border. in the house was affirmed because it was Checking body temperature, using PPE, rapid directly related to the first patient, even tests, and vehicle feasibility are also without symptoms or the category of Orang monitored by the police to keep the city Tanpa Gejala (Agus, 2020). vulnerable to the impact of the coronavirus. COVID-19 confirmed cases from The financial consequences of this March had entered 1,528 cases in Indonesia, pandemic are broadly called 'Coronanomics' 136 residents died from this disease. The (Barua, 2020), while some people call it 'Dark government revealed that health facilities in Swan' (Barua, 2020). This turmoil has resulted Indonesia were not ready to handle COVID- in the process of 'de-globalization' by forcing 19. Careful preparation must be taken countries to secure the periphery, prevent the seriously at the beginning of the spread of the advancement of merchandise, capital and disease in the Republic of China (Tian et.al, ordinary people, and the closure of business 2020). At that time, it was stated that 2019- and creation in any event briefly. Countries nCoV would become a global epidemic. The had just begun to feel a macroeconomic blow world is increasingly wary of the arrival of because of the episode, and market analysts this new disease. Plans for readiness from were expanding their investigations. In various corners of Indonesia must be carried addition to the country that felt the blow of the out and prepared by ensuring the supply of economic crisis during the pandemic, many medicines, Personal Protective Equipment residents around Anyer felt the impact. Such (PPE) as well as human resources needed to as the closure of several hotels, the layoffs of deal with the global outbreak (WHO, 2020). hotel employees, factories, tourist attractions According to the latest data from the that are empty of visitors and access to and Indonesian Ministry of Health, there are only from the beach is very minimal. Since the first 309,100 hospital beds in Indonesia, with the COVID-19 case was reckoned in December majority on the island of Java. Also, there are 2019, almost no academic research can be less than 6,000 national Intensive Care Units found on the financial aspects of the episode, (ICUs). The numbers seem significant, but in while diagnostic reports are increasingly reality, Indonesia only has 2.7 ICU beds per becoming pandemic. By searching the data, it 100,000 people, and thus this country is can easily find out that most hotel companies among the lowest in Asia. Also, mechanical that are in high demand by tourists can be 170 – JITHOR Vol.3, No.2, October 2020 – eISSN : 2654-4687 pISSN : 2654-3894 Listania Felia Kartika Candra and Agnira Rekha: The Effects of Pandemic Era to Tourism Industry in Tangerang temporarily closed due to a pandemic that has Table 2. Total COVID-19 Infection in not yet ended. How hotels in Banten can Tangerang (March 30, 2020) survive during a pandemic and how managers Development of COVID-19 in Banten respond to rethink broader decisions Province City/District Total (decisions whether to stay open or close and Recover Treated Died how to reset prices if they remain open) and Regency of 5 2 3 10 important issues are how products and service Pandeglang characteristics interact with the changing Regency of 0 2 0 2 needs of tourists during this pandemic, Lebak Regency of 4 70 1 75 whether profitable or not. How do tourists Tangerang respond if many hotels and tourist attractions Regency of 5 4 0 9 are forcibly closed by the government? Will Serang there be movements between them? City of 9 91 3 103 First, will the pandemic cause mass Tangerang City of 0 2 0 2 closure in the hotel industry, or will most Cilegon hotels remain open despite low occupancy City of 0 5 0 5 rates? Which type of hotel is most likely to be Serang closed, and why? Will hotel operators and City of 2 111 10 123 customers are alert to infection points, and if Tangerang many spots are infected, will they think of a Selatan TOTAL 25 287 17 329 better future? Secondly, discuss intensive Source: infocorona.banten.go.id margins for hotels that remain open. Do hotels have to reduce prices to attract consumers, and Based on Table 1, the number of if so, how much? Are there hotels that have confirmed patients in Indonesia is still raised prices and if so, in what ways and why? estimated at 44 people on March 24, 2020. If this pandemic continues not to stop, how While table 2 illustrates that COVID-19 long will hotel operators and consumers patients confirmed in Indonesia as of March expect all these effects to last? 30, 2020, has reached 329 people, meaning that the increase has identified that it is still Tabel 1.
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