Appendices E - G

2016 Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife

OregonConservationStrategy.org

Table of Contents NEARSHORE APPENDICES E - G ...... 1 NEARSHORE APPENDIX E: WATCH LIST SPECIES HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS ...... E-1 NEARSHORE APPENDIX F: OTHER/COMMONLY ASSOCIATED SPECIES LIST ...... F-1 NEARSHORE APPENDIX G: NON-NATIVE AND INVASIVE SPECIES ...... G-1

PDF Content Last Updated February 7, 2017

This PDF is a chapter of the Oregon Nearshore Strategy, the marine component of the official State Wildlife Action Plan for Oregon. The complete Oregon Conservation Strategy is available online at http://oregonconservationstrategy.org/. Since Conservation Strategy content will be updated periodically, please check the website to ensure that you are using the most current version of downloadable files.

Contact ODFW

For more information on the Oregon Nearshore Strategy or to provide comments, email [email protected] or write to Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Marine Resources Program 2040 SE Marine Science Drive, Newport, OR 97365

Recommended Citation

Oregon Nearshore Strategy. 2016. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Salem, Oregon.

Cover Photos

Banner: Copper Rockfish, © Janna Nichols; Red Sea Urchin, © Scott Groth; Black Oystercatcher, © Kelsey Adkisson; Steller Sea Lions, ODFW; Bull Kelp, © Janna Nichols; Wolf Eel, © Taylor Frierson

Feature Image: Opalescent nudibranch, © Laura Tesler

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Factors Affecting Species and Habitats-i

Photo Credit: © Laura Tesler NEARSHORE APPENDICES E - G

NEARSHORE APPENDIX E: WATCH LIST SPECIES HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS

Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Habitat Watch List Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Unknown Subtidal Utilizes rocky cliffs and islands Brandt’s Cormorant X X X X X for nesting. Forages in Phalacrocorax penicillatus nearshore habitats. Nests in burrows on offshore Cassin’s Auklet X X islands with no mammalian Ptychoramphus aleuticus predators.

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix E-1

Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Habitat Watch List Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Unknown Subtidal Central place forager while Common Murre nesting in colonies on rocky X X X X X Uria aalge headlands and offshore islands. Can dive deeply while foraging Utilizes rocky cliffs and islands Pelagic Cormorant X X X for nesting. Forages in Phalacrocorax pelagicus nearshore habitats. Pigeon Guillemot Nests in burrows or crevices. X X X X Cepphus columba Forages in nearshore habitats. Sanderling Forages in intertidal areas X Calidris alba during migration. Nests in burrows on offshore Rhinocerous Auklet X X islands. Forages in nearshore Cerohinca monocerata waters while nesting. Spawning not known to occur in Black-and-yellow rockfish OR waters. Juveniles not known X X X Sebastes chrysomelas to occur over soft bottom habitats in OR. Blue shark X Predominately found offshore. Prionace glauca Bocaccio X X X X X Sebastes paucispinis Brown Irish lord X X Mid to low intertidal. Hemilepidotus spinosus Brown smoothhound Found from Coos Bay to Gulf of X X Mustelus henlei CA. Schooling fish. Buffalo sculpin X X Usually found inshore. Enophrys bison

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix E-2

Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Habitat Watch List Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Unknown Subtidal Butter sole X Isopsetta isolepis California halibut Usually near structures: rocks, X Paralichthys californicus holdfasts, etc. California skate X X Raja inornata Common thresher X Likely to be highly migratory. Alopias vulpinus Also called Curlfin sole; true Curlfin turbot (sole) X turbots native to North Atlantic Pleuronichthys decurrens and Mediterranean. Juveniles found predominately English sole X X X nearshore. Adults found Parophrys vetulus predominately offshore. Flathead sole X Hippoglossoides elassodon Giant wrymouth X Cryptacanthodes giganteus Will inhabit artificial reefs. Pelagic juveniles not known to Gopher rockfish X X X X occur in OR waters. Spawning Sebastes carnatus and larvae not known to occur in OR. Leopard shark Schooling fish. Predominately X X X Triakis semifasciata found nearshore. High, mid, and low intertidal. Monkeyface pricklepack Tidepools and shallow subtidal. X X Cebidichthys violaceus Jetties and breakwaters. Central OR is northern extent of range.

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix E-3

Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Habitat Watch List Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Unknown Subtidal Pacific angel shark X X Uncommon north of CA. Squatina californica Pacific sanddab X X Citharichthys sordidus Pacific sandfish X Trichodon trichodon Pacific sardine X Schooling fish. Occurs offshore. Sardinops sagax Most common in estuaries. Pacific staghorn sculpin Recently hatched fish often X X X Leptocottus armatus recruit into fresh water for a short time. Red Irish lord Mid to low intertidal. Wharves Hemilepidotus X X and pilings. hemilepidotus Rock sole X Prefers sandy or gravel bottoms. Pleuronectes bilineatus Salmon shark X Lamna ditropis Sand sole X Psettichthys melanostictus Shortfin mako (Bonito) shark X Predominantly found offshore. Isurus oxyrinchus Soupfin shark Schooling fish. Females found X X Galeorhinus galeus shallower than males. Southern rock sole Pebble or semi-rocky bottom. X X X Lepidopsetta bilineata Also occurs offshore.

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix E-4

Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Habitat Watch List Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Unknown Subtidal Spotted ratfish Common in shallower waters in X X Hydrolagus colliei northern part of range. White shark X X Carcharodon carcharias Butter clam X Saxidomus gigantea California sea cucumber Generally prefers protected X X Parastichopus californicus areas. Cockle clam X Clinocardium nuttallii Coonstripe (Dock) shrimp X X Pandalus danae Fat gaper clam X Tresus capax Mid to low intertidal. Commonly Flat-tipped piddock X X bores into stiff clay, sandstone, Penitella penita shale, and concrete. School and spawn on muddy Market squid X X sand in shallow, protected, Doryteuthis opalescens inshore areas. Oregon triton X X Occasionally intertidal. Fusitriton oregonensis Pacific sand (mole) crab X Mid and low intertidal. Emerita analoga Red rock crab X X Cancer productus Sea otter X X Sporadic visitors to Oregon. Enhydra lutris

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix E-5

NEARSHORE APPENDIX F: OTHER/COMMONLY ASSOCIATED SPECIES LIST

Appendix F. Commonly associated species and habitats found in Oregon’s nearshore environment. Habitat Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Unknown Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Subtidal Birds California gull X X Larus californicus Glaucous-winged gull X X X X Colonial nester. Larus glaucescens Pacific loon X X Winters near coastal waters. Gavia pacifica Red-necked phalarope Concentrates around oceanic upwellings and edges of X Phalaropus lobatus kelp beds. Red throated loon X X Winters near coastal waters. Gavia stellata Sooty shearwater Concentrates around oceanic upwellings and over the X Puffinus griseus continental shelf. Surf scoter X X Melanitta perspicillata Western gull X X X X Colonial nester. Larus occidentalis Western grebe X Aechmophorus occidentalis White-winged scoter X X X Common in shallow water over shellfish beds. Melanitta fusca

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix F-1

Appendix F. Commonly associated species and habitats found in Oregon’s nearshore environment. Habitat Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Unknown Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Subtidal Fishes Bald sculpin Tidepools. Shallow subtidal. Brookings, OR is northern X X Clinocottus recalvus extent of range Bat ray X X X X Low intertidal. Myliobatis californica Black prickleback X X Under rocks, in gravel areas. Shallow subtidal Xiphister atropurpureus Bonehead sculpin X X Artedius notospilotus Calico sculpin X Mid to low intertidal. Clinocottus embryum Calico surfperch X X Shallow subtidal. Amphistichus koelzi Coralline sculpin X X Shallow subtidal. Artedius corallinus Crescent gunnel X X Tidepools. Pholis laeta Decorated warbonnet X Usually among algae. Chirolophis decoratus Fluffy sculpin X X Tidepools. Shallow subtidal. Often in algae. Oligocottus snyderi Grunt sculpin X X X Tidepools. Rhamphocottus richardsonii

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix F-2

Appendix F. Commonly associated species and habitats found in Oregon’s nearshore environment. Habitat Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Unknown Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Subtidal High cockscomb X X Usually intertidal. Anoplarchus purpurescens Jacksmelt X X X Yaquina Bay, OR is northern extent of range. Atherinopsis californiensis Kelp poacher X Shallow subtidal. Agonomalus mozinoi Kelp surfperch X Brachyistius frenatus Longfin gunnel X Pholis clemensi Longfin sculpin X X Jordania zonope Lumptail searobin X Deep subtidal. Prionotus stephanophrys Manacled sculpin X X Tidepools. Synchirus gilli Mosshead sculpin X X Tidepools. Shallow subtidal. Clinocottus globiceps Mosshead warbonnet X Chirolophis nugator Night smelt X X Spawn on beaches. Spirinchus starksi Northern clingfish X X Shallow subtidal. Gobiesox maeandricus

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix F-3

Appendix F. Commonly associated species and habitats found in Oregon’s nearshore environment. Habitat Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Unknown Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Subtidal Pacific electric ray X X Torpedo californica Pacific hooker (Hookhorn) sculpin X Artediellus pacificus Padded sculpin X X Shallow subtidal. Artedius fenestralis Painted greenling X X Shallow subtidal. Oxylebius pictus Penpoint gunnel X Tidepools and in algae. Apodichthys flavidus Pricklebreast poacher X Stellerina xyosterna Puget Sound sculpin X X Ruscarius meanyi Pygmy poacher X Odontopyxis trispinosa Red brotula X Brosmophycis marginata Red gunnel X X Shallow subtidal. Exposed surge areas. Pholis schultzi Ribbon prickleback X X Shallow subtidal. Phytichthys chirus

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix F-4

Appendix F. Commonly associated species and habitats found in Oregon’s nearshore environment. Habitat Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Unknown Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Subtidal Rock prickleback X X Intertidal, found among algae. Shallow subtidal. Xiphister mucosus Rockhead X X Shallow subtidal. Bothragonus swanii Rockweed gunnel Common among algae in tidepools and shallow X X Apodichthys fucorum subtidal. Rosylip sculpin X X Tidepools. Ascelichthys rhodorus Roughback sculpin X X Chitonotus pugetensis Saddleback gunnel X Pholis ornata Saddleback sculpin X X Tidepools in low intertidal. Oligocottus rimensis Sailfin sculpin X X Pilings. Soft bottoms near rubble. Nautichthys oculofasciatus Scalyhead sculpin X X Shallow subtidal. Pilings. Artedius harringtoni Sharpnose sculpin X X X Shallow subtidal. Clinocottus acuticeps Sharpnose surfperch X Phanerodon atripes Silver surfperch X X Surf zone down to deep subtidal. Hyperprosopon ellipticum

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix F-5

Appendix F. Commonly associated species and habitats found in Oregon’s nearshore environment. Habitat Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Unknown Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Subtidal Silverspotted sculpin X X Often among algae. Blepsias cirrhosus Slender cockscomb X Anoplarchus insignis Smooth alligatorfish X Anoplagonus inermis Smoothhead sculpin X X Shallow subtidal. Artedius lateralis Snake prickleback X X Lumpenus sagitta Speckled sanddab X Citharichthys stigmaeus Spotfin surfperch X Surf zone down to deep subtidal. Hyperprosopon anale Sturgeon poacher X Deep subtidal. Podothecus accipenserinus Tidepool sculpin X Tidepools. Oligocottus maculosus Tubenose poacher X X Often among algae. Pallasina barbata Tubesnout X X Aulorhynchus flavidus Walleye surfperch X X X Shallow subtidal. Artificial reefs and pilings. Hyperprosopon argenteum

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix F-6

Appendix F. Commonly associated species and habitats found in Oregon’s nearshore environment. Habitat Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Unknown Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Subtidal White surfperch X X X X Artificial reefs, pilings, and docks. Phanerodon furcatus Whitebait smelt X X Allosmerus elongatus Y-prickleback X Lumpenopsis hypochroma Marine Mammals California sea lion X X X X X X Males seasonally migrate to Oregon. Zalophus californianus Invertebrates Acorn barnacle X Low intertidal. Sessilia spp. Aggregating anemone X X Mid intertidal. Anthopleura elegantissima Barnacle High and mid intertidal. Common on rocks and pier X Chthamalus spp. pilings. Black katy chiton X Mid to low intertidal. Areas of strong wave action. Katharina tunicata Brown rock crab X X X Low intertidal. Soft bottom; gravel. Cancer antennarius Channeled dog winkle (Whelk) X Mid intertidal. Common on rocks and in mussel beds. Nucella canaliculata

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix F-7

Appendix F. Commonly associated species and habitats found in Oregon’s nearshore environment. Habitat Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Unknown Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Subtidal Cockle clam X X X Low intertidal. Clinocardium nuttallii Fingered limpet X High intertidal. Lottia digitalis Giant green anemone Anthopleura X X X Low intertidal. xanthogrammica Gooseneck barnacle Mid intertidal. Sometimes mixed with California X Pollicipes polymerus mussels (Mytilus californianus) Gumboot chiton X X Low intertidal. Cryptochiton stelleri Hermit crabs High and low intertidal. Tidepools. Rock and gravel X X X Pagurus spp. bottoms subtidally. Kelp crab X X Low intertidal of protected outer coast. Pugettia producta Keyhole limpet X Low intertidal. Diodora aspera Newcomb’s littorine snail Littorina subrotunda X High intertidal. (Algamorda newcombiana) Nudibranchs X X Low intertidal. Nudibranchia Pacific sand dollar X X Dendraster excentricus

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix F-8

Appendix F. Commonly associated species and habitats found in Oregon’s nearshore environment. Habitat Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Unknown Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Subtidal Pinto (Northern) abalone X X Low intertidal. Haliotis kamtschatkana Porcelain crab X Mid to low intertidal. Petrolisthes cinctipes Purple shore crab X X Mid to low intertidal. Hemigrapsus nudus Rock dwelling purple whelk High to mid intertidal. Often among mussel beds and X Nucella emarginata barnacles. Sabellid worm X X Myxicola infundibulum Shield limpet X X Mid to low intertidal. Lottia pelta Sponges X X Porifera Spot prawn X X X X Low intertidal to 487 m. Larvae are planktonic. Pandalus platyceros Tube worm X X Low intertidal. Neosabellaria cementarium Turban snails X X Low intertidal. Tegula spp. Upper intertidal barnacle X X High to mid intertidal. Balanus glandula Wrinkled amphissa X X Low intertidal. Amphissa columbiana

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix F-9

Appendix F. Commonly associated species and habitats found in Oregon’s nearshore environment. Habitat Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Unknown Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Subtidal Wrinkled purple whelk X Low intertidal. Nucella lamellosa Plants and Algae Agarophytes & Carrageenophytes X X Shallow subtidal. Gelidium spp. Agarophytes & Carrageenophytes X X X Low intertidal. Gracilaria sp. Agarophytes & Carrageenophytes X X X Low intertidal. Gracilariopsis sp. Agarophytes & Carrageenophytes X High to mid intertidal. Mastocarpus spp. Agarophytes & Carrageenophytes X Mazzaella spp. Agarophytes & Carrageenophytes X X Low intertidal, shallow subtidal. Pterocladia spp. Agarophytes & Carrageenophytes X X Low intertidal. Subtidal on rocks near sandy habitats. Sarcodiotheca sp.

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix F-10

Appendix F. Commonly associated species and habitats found in Oregon’s nearshore environment. Habitat Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Unknown Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Subtidal Coralline red algae X X Low intertidal. Bossiella spp. Coralline red algae X X Low intertidal. Calliarthron sp. Coralline red algae X X Mid to low intertidal. Corallina spp. Coralline red algae X Mid intertidal. Tidepools. Lithothamnium spp. Costaria X X Low intertidal and shallow subtidal. Costaria sp. Dilsea X X Low intertidal. Dilsea californica Dwarf rockweed X High intertidal. Pelvetiopsis limitata Endocladia X High intertidal. Endocladia muricata Feather boa kelp X X Low intertidal, shallow subtidal. Egregia menziesii Filamentous greens X High intertidal. Enteromorpha-type Fucus (Rockweed) X Mid to low intertidal. Fucus spp. Giant kelp X Macrocystis pyrifera

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix F-11

Appendix F. Commonly associated species and habitats found in Oregon’s nearshore environment. Habitat Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Unknown Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Subtidal Hedophyllum X Mid to low intertidal. Hedophyllum sessile Kelp X X Low intertidal. Macrocystis integrifolia Kelp X X Laminaria bongardiana Kelp X X Laminaria ephemera Kelp X X Laminaria setchellii Kelp X Laminaria sinclairii Lessoniopsis X Low intertidal in areas exposed to high surf action. Lessoniopsis littoralis Odonthalia X Odonthalia spp. Pleurophycus X X Low intertidal and shallow subtidal. Pleurophycus sp. Porphyra X X Intertidal and shallow subtidal. Porphyra spp. Prionitis X X Intertidal and shallow subtidal. Prionitis spp. Sea fern Low intertidal and shallow subtidal. Tidepools and on X X Cystoseira osmundacea rocks.

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix F-12

Appendix F. Commonly associated species and habitats found in Oregon’s nearshore environment. Habitat Soft Rocky Sandy Rocky Species Bottom Neritic Estuarine Unknown Comments Shore Beach Subtidal Subtidal Southern sea palm X X Low intertidal. Eisenia arborea Stalked kelp X Pterygophora californica Ulvoids X X Mid to low intertidal and shallow subtidal. Ulva spp. Winged kelp X X Low intertidal and shallow subtidal. Alaria marginata

Oregon Nearshore Strategy Appendix F-13

NEARSHORE APPENDIX G: NON-NATIVE AND INVASIVE SPECIES

Non-native and invasive species can alter and degrade habitats, increase threats to native species, and in some cases impact local economies or cause extensive problems for marine coastal systems of Oregon. Non-native species can be transported locally, regionally, or around the world and introduced to Oregon’s nearshore systems by way of several mechanisms such as, hitch-hiking in ballast water or in ocean currents. Once a species has been introduced it can affect food sources, alter habitats, expose native communities to diseases or toxins, or act as parasites of juvenile and adult members of coastal fisheries species. For many introduced species, the severity of the potential ecological threat is not yet known. Many of these species could be deemed invasive in the future, but further efforts to assess impacts are needed. These efforts are a priority for conservation of natural systems because invasions become more complicated to address over time and management measures that respond to the first arriving individuals are most effective.

Efforts have begun to assess available data regarding existing or potential future threats to Oregon’s nearshore and estuarine communities. The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s Marine Resources Program reviewed available online data and consulted with experts at Oregon State University, the Environmental Protection Agency Western Ecology Division, United States Geological Survey Western Fisheries Research Center, and Williams College in 2012 and updated this information in 2015. Based on information gleaned from these sources, a list of non-native species known to occur in the nearshore waters of Oregon and neighboring states was developed. For each species, habitat information was collected and species were identified as being primarily associated with nearshore marine and/or estuarine systems.

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- b Non-Native Species Nearshore Estuarine 1: OR Invasive Non 2: OR 3: WA or CA Invasive (not known in OR)

Bony Fishes American shad X X Alosa sapidissima Amur goby X X X Rhinogobius bunneus Atlantic salmon X X Salmo salar Brown trout X X Salmo trutta Chameleon goby X X Tridentiger trigonocephalus Inland silverside X X Menidia beryllina

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Nearshore Appendix G-1

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- b Non-Native Species Nearshore Estuarine 1: OR Invasive Non 2: OR 3: WA or CA Invasive (not known in OR)

Rainwater killifish X X Lucania parva Shimofuri goby X X Tridentiger bifasciatus Shokifaze goby X X Tridentiger barbatus Striped bass X X Morone saxatilis Threadfin shad X X Dorosoma petenense Western mosquito fish X X Gambusia affinis Yellowfin goby X X Acanthogobius flavimanus Invertebrates Acorn barnacle X X X Amphibalanus improvisus Ambiguous bryozoan X X Anguinella palmata American Atlantic sponge X X Prosuberites sp. Amethyst gem clam X X Gemma gemma Amphipod X X Ampelisca abdita Amphipod X X X Ampithoe lacertosa Amphipod X X Ampithoe valida Amphipod X X Chelura terebrans Amphipod X X Corophium alienense Amphipod X X Eobrolgus spinosus

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Nearshore Appendix G-2

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Amphipod X X Ericthonius brasiliensis Amphipod X X Gammarus daiberi Amphipod X X X Grandidierella japonica Amphipod X X Incisocalliope derzhavini Amphipod X X Leucothoe sp. Amphipod X X Melita nitida Amphipod X X Melita sp. Amphipod X X Microdeutopus gryllotalpa Amphipod X X X Monocorophium acherusicum Amphipod Monocorophium X X X insidiosum Amphipod X X Monocorophium uenoi Amphipod X X Paradexamine sp. Amphipod X X Parapleustes derzhavini Amphipod X X Ptilohyale littoralis Amphipod X Sinocorophium heteroceratum Amphipod X X Stenothoe valida Amphipod X Transorchestia enigmatica Amur River clam X Corbula amurensis

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Nearshore Appendix G-3

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- b Non-Native Species Nearshore Estuarine 1: OR Invasive Non 2: OR 3: WA or CA Invasive (not known in OR)

Asian calanoid copepod X X Pseudodiaptomus inopinus Asian calanoid copepod X X Sinocalanus doerrii Asian clam X X Corbicula fluminea Asian copepod X X Acartiella sinensis Asian copepod Limnoithona X X sinensis Asian copepod X X Tortanus dextrilobatus Asian cumacean Nippoleucon X X hinumensis Asian lanternshell Laternula X X marilina Asian sea-squirt X X Styela clava Asian semele X X Theora lubrica Atlantic oyster X X Crassostrea virginica Atlantic oyster drill X X Urosalpinx cinerea Australasian burrowing isopod X X Sphaeroma quoianum Australian spotted jellyfish X X Phyllorhiza punctata Australian tubeworm X X Ficopomatus enigmaticus Baltic clam X X Macoma petalum Bamboo worm X X Sabaco elongatus

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Nearshore Appendix G-4

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Black Sea jellyfish X X Blackfordia virginica Black Sea jellyfish X X Maeotias marginata Blacktip shipworm X X Lyrodus pedicellatus Blue mussel X X Mytilus complex Bonnet limpit X X Sabia conica Brackish water snail X X Assiminea parasitologica Brown bryozoan X X Bugula neritina Bryozoan X X Bugula stolonifera Bryozoan X X X Cryptosula pallasiana Bryozoan X X Victorella pavida Bryozoan X X Watersipora arcuata Bryozoan X X Watersipora subtorquata Bryozoan X X Zoobotryon verticillatum Capitellid worm X X Capitella telata Channeled whelk X X Busycotypus canaliculatus Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir X X sinensis Ciliate X X Mirofolliculina limnoriae Colonial tunicate Didemnum X X vexillum

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Nearshore Appendix G-5

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Common Atlantic slippersnail X X Crepidula fornicata Common sea grape Molgula X X manhattensis Convex slippersnail Crepidula X X convexa Copepod X X Amphiascus parvus Copepod X X Corycaeus anglicus Copepod X X Coullana canadensis Copepod X X Limnoithona tetraspina Copepod X X Oithona davisae Copepod X X Oithona similis Copepod X X Pseudodiaptomus forbesi Copepod X X Pseudodiaptomus marinus Copepod X X Pseudomyicola spinosus Copepod X X Stephos pacificus Copepod X X Tortanus sp. Creeping bryozoan X X X Bowerbankia “gracilis” Crumb-of-bread sponge X X X Halichondria bowerbanki Crustacean X X Deltamysis holmquistae Crustacean X X Eochelidium sp.

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Nearshore Appendix G-6

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- b Non-Native Species Nearshore Estuarine 1: OR Invasive Non 2: OR 3: WA or CA Invasive (not known in OR)

Crustacean X X Eusarsiella zostericola Crustacean Hyperacanthomysis X X longirostris Crustacean X X Sinelobus sp. Delphaeid planthopper X X Prokelsia marginata Eastern mudsnail X X Ilyanassa obsoleta Eastern white slipper shell X X Crepidula plana European green shore crab X X Carcinus maenas False anglewing Petricolaria X X pholadiformis Flat okenia X X Okenia plana Flatworm X X Koinostylochus ostreophagus Foolish mussel Mytilus (trossulus x X X galloprovincialis) Foram X X Trochammina hadai Freshwater hydroid X X Cordylophora caspia Golden star tunicate X X Botryllus schlosseri Griffen’s isopod X X X Orthione griffenis Hard shell clam X X Mercenaria mercenaria Harris mud crab X X Rhithropanopeus harrisii

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Nearshore Appendix G-7

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- b Non-Native Species Nearshore Estuarine 1: OR Invasive Non 2: OR 3: WA or CA Invasive (not known in OR)

Hydroid X X Moerisia sp. Hydroid X X Corymorpha sp. Isopod X X Dynoides dentisinus Isopod X X Eurylana arcuata Isopod X X Iais californica Isopod X X Paranthura sp. Isopod X X Pseudosphaeroma sp. Isopod X X X Spharoma quoianum Isopod X X Synidotea laevidorsalis Japanese clam Neotrapezium X X liratum Japanese false cerith X X Batillaria attramentaria Japanese littleneck clam X X X Venerupis philippinarum Japanese mussel X X Musculista senhousia Japanese nassa X X Hima fratercula Japanese oyster drill X X Ocinebrellus inornatus Japanese skeleton shrimp X X Caprella mutica Lacy crust bryozoan X X Conopeum tenuissimum Lagoon sea slug X X Tenellia adspersa

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Nearshore Appendix G-8

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- b Non-Native Species Nearshore Estuarine 1: OR Invasive Non 2: OR 3: WA or CA Invasive (not known in OR)

Lake Merritt cuthona X X Cuthona perca Manchurian cecina X X Cecina manchurica Marsh snail X X Myosotella myosotis Mediterranean blue mussel X X Mytilus galloprovincialis Misaki balloon aeolis X X Eubranchus misakiensis Moon jelly X X X Aurelia sp. Mysid X X Orientomysis aspera Naval shipworm X X Teredo navalis New Zealand amphipod X X Paracorophium sp. New Zealand mudsnail X X Potamopyrgus antipodarum New Zealand sea slug X X X Philine auriformis Nodding head X X Barentsia benedeni Orange anemone X X Diadumene cincta Orange-striped green anemone X X Diadumene lineata Oriental shrimp X X Palaemon macrodactylus Oyster redworm X X Mytilicola orientalis Pacific oyster X X Crassostrea gigas

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Nearshore Appendix G-9

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- b Non-Native Species Nearshore Estuarine 1: OR Invasive Non 2: OR 3: WA or CA Invasive (not known in OR)

Pacific transparent sea squirt X X Ciona savignyi Pile worm X X Neanthes succinea Pink mouth hydroid X X Ectopleura crocea Polychaete worm X X Boccardia claparedei Polychaete worm X X Boccardiella hamata Polychaete worm X X Boccardiella ligerica Polychaete worm X X Dipolydora quadrilobata Polychaete worm X X Eumida sanguinea Polychaete worm X X Eusyllis japonica Polychaete worm X X Heteromastus filiformis Polychaete worm X X Hobsonia florida Polychaete worm X X Manayunkia aestuarina Polychaete worm X X Polydora cornuta Polychaete worm X X Polydora limicola Polychaete worm X X Polydora neocaeca Polychaete worm X X Proceraea okadai Polychaete worm Pseudopolydora X X bassarginensis

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Nearshore Appendix G-10

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- b Non-Native Species Nearshore Estuarine 1: OR Invasive Non 2: OR 3: WA or CA Invasive (not known in OR)

Polychaete worm X X Pseudopolydora kempi Polychaete worm Pseudopolydora X X paucibranchiata Polychaete worm X X Rhynchospio foliosa Polychaete worm X X Streblospio benedicti Polychaete worm X X Syllis cornuta Polyp aeolis X X Cumanotus sp. Purple acorn barnacle X X Amphibalanus amphtrite Purple varnish clam X X X Nuttallia obscurata Red beard sponge X X Clathria prolifera Red-gilled Marphysa X X Marphysa sanguinea Red-gilled mud worm X X Marenzelleria viridis Ribbed mussel X X Geukensia demissa Root-arm medusa X X Cladonema radiatum Rope grass hydroid X X Garveia franciscana Rough periwinkle X X Littorina saxatilis San Francisco anemone X X Diadumene franciscana Sea grape X X Molgula citrina

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Nearshore Appendix G-11

d

c

e

native a

- b Non-Native Species Nearshore Estuarine 1: OR Invasive Non 2: OR 3: WA or CA Invasive (not known in OR)

Sea squirt X X Diplosoma listerianum Sessile hydrozoan X X Gonothyraea loveni Single horn bryozoan X X Schizoporella japonica Skeleton shrimp X X Caprella drepanochir Starlet sea anemone X X Nematostella vectensis Steamer clam X X Mya arenaria Transparent sea squirt Ciona X X intestinalis Tube amphipod X X Jassa marmorata Tubificid worm X X Limnodriloides monothecus Tubificid worm X X Tubificoides brownae Tubificid worm X X Tubificoides diazi Tubificid worm X X Tubificoides wasselli Tunicate X X Ascidia zara Tunicate X X Botrylloides perspicuum Tunicate X X Botryllus schlosseri Tunicate X X Ciona savignyi Tunicate X X Didemnum vexillum Tunicate X X X Diplosoma listerianum

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Nearshore Appendix G-12

d

c

e

native a

- b Non-Native Species Nearshore Estuarine 1: OR Invasive Non 2: OR 3: WA or CA Invasive (not known in OR)

Tunicate X X Perophora japonica Tunicate X X Styela clava Two-groove odostome X X Odetta bisuturalis Violet tunicate X X Botrylloides violaceus White anemone Diadumene X X leucolena White-tentacled japanese aeolis X X Sakuraeolis enosimensis Wood boring gribble X X X Limnoria quadripunctata Wood boring gribble X X X Limnoria tripunctata Plants and Algae American sea rocket X X Cakile edentula Awosa X X Ulva pertusa Brass buttons X X Cotula coronopifolia Caulerpa seaweed Caulerpa X X taxifolia Coast barbgrass X X Parapholis incurva Common cordgrass X X Spartina anglica Dead man’s fingers X X Codium fragile subsp. fragile Dense-flowered cordgrass X X Spartina densiflora

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Nearshore Appendix G-13

d

c

e

native a

- b Non-Native Species Nearshore Estuarine 1: OR Invasive Non 2: OR 3: WA or CA Invasive (not known in OR)

English cordgrass X X Spartina anglica Eurasian water-milfoil X X Myriophyllum spicatum European sand spurry X X Spergularia salina European sea rocket X X Cakile maritime Japanese eelgrass X X Zostera japonica Japanese kelp X X Undaria pinnatifida Japanese seaweed X X Sargassum muticum Marsh fleabane X X Pluchea odorata odorata Red algae X X Caulacanthus ustulatus Red algae X X Ceramium kondoi Red algae X X Lomentaria hakodatensis Red algae X X Polysiphonia brodiei Redtop X X Agrostis stolonifera Salt meadow cordgrass X X Spartina patens Saltmarsh rush X X Juncus gerardi Sargassum X X Sargassum muticum Smooth cordgrass X X Spartina alterniflora Spiny naiad X X Najas marina

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Nearshore Appendix G-14

d

c

e

native a

- b Non-Native Species Nearshore Estuarine 1: OR Invasive Non 2: OR 3: WA or CA Invasive (not known in OR)

Surf diatom X X Attheya armatum a Nearshore = species is primarily associated with the nearshore marine habitat, between the high tide line and the territorial sea boundary. b Estuarine = species is primarily associated with estuarine habitat. c 1: OR Invasive = non-native species is present in Oregon and is considered invasive for posing a threat to native species. d 2: OR Non-native = non-native species is present in Oregon and the threat to native species is unknown e 3: WA or CA Invasive = species is present in states adjacent to Oregon and is considered invasive. Species listed here are associated with nearshore and estuarine west coast habitats, as determined by analysis of data and expert review provided by James T. Carlton, Williams College; John Chapman, Oregon State University; Debbie Reusser, U.S. Geological Survey – Western Fisheries Research Center; Henry Lee, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency – Western Ecology Division; and Gayle Hansen, Oregon State University.

Oregon Nearshore Strategy 2016: Nearshore Appendix G-15