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In This Issue …
In This Issue … INLAND SEAS®VOLUME 72 WINTER 2016 NUMBER 4 MAUMEE VALLEY COMES HOME . 290 by Christopher H. Gillcrist KEEPING IT IN TRIM: BALLAST AND GREAT LAKES SHIPPING . 292 by Matthew Daley, Grand Valley State University Jeffrey L. Ram, Wayne State University RUNNING OUT OF STEAM, NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS FROM THE SS HERBERT C. JACKSON . 319 by Patrick D. Lapinski NATIONAL RECREATION AREAS AND THE CREATION OF PICTURED ROCKS NATIONAL LAKESHORE . 344 by Kathy S. Mason BOOKS . 354 GREAT LAKES NEWS . 356 by Greg Rudnick MUSEUM COLUMN . 374 by Carrie Sowden 289 KEEPING IT IN TRIM: BALLAST AND GREAT LAKES SHIPPING by Matthew Daley, Grand Valley State University Jeffrey L. Ram, Wayne State University n the morning of July 24, 1915, hundreds of employees of the West- Oern Electric Company and their families boarded the passenger steamship Eastland for a day trip to Michigan City, Indiana. Built in 1903, this twin screw, steel hulled steamship was considered a fast boat on her regular run. Yet throughout her service life, her design revealed a series of problems with stability. Additionally, changes such as more lifeboats in the aftermath of the Titanic disaster, repositioning of engines, and alterations to her upper cabins, made these built-in issues far worse. These failings would come to a disastrous head at the dock on the Chicago River. With over 2,500 passengers aboard, the ship heeled back and forth as the chief engineer struggled to control the ship’s stability and failed. At 7:30 a.m., the Eastland heeled to port, coming to rest on the river bottom, trapping pas- sengers inside the hull and throwing many more into the river. -
Galway City Walls Conservation, Management and Interpretation Plan
GALWAY CITY WALLS CONSERVATION, MANAGEMENT & INTERPRETATION PLAN MARCH 2013 Frontispiece- Woman at Doorway (Hall & Hall) Howley Hayes Architects & CRDS Ltd. were commissioned by Galway City Coun- cil and the Heritage Council to prepare a Conservation, Management & Interpre- tation Plan for the historic town defences. The surveys on which this plan are based were undertaken in Autumn 2012. We would like to thank all those who provided their time and guidance in the preparation of the plan with specialist advice from; Dr. Elizabeth Fitzpatrick, Dr. Kieran O’Conor, Dr. Jacinta Prunty & Mr. Paul Walsh. Cover Illustration- Phillips Map of Galway 1685. CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 2.0 UNDERSTANDING THE PLACE 6 3.0 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE 17 4.0 ASSESSMENT & STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE 28 5.0 DEFINING ISSUES & VULNERABILITY 31 6.0 CONSERVATION PRINCIPLES 35 7.0 INTERPRETATION & MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES 37 8.0 CONSERVATION STRATEGIES 41 APPENDICES Statutory Protection 55 Bibliography 59 Cartographic Sources 60 Fortification Timeline 61 Endnotes 65 1.0 INTRODUCTION to the east, which today retains only a small population despite the ambitions of the Anglo- Norman founders. In 1484 the city was given its charter, and was largely rebuilt at that time to leave a unique legacy of stone buildings The Place and carvings from the late-medieval period. Galway City is situated on the north-eastern The medieval street pattern has largely been shore of a sheltered bay on the west coast of preserved, although the removal of the walls Ireland. It is located at the mouth of the River during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, Corrib, which separates the east and western together with extra-mural developments as the sides of the county. -
Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site Table of Contents
National Park Service Cultural Landscapes Inventory 2012 Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site Table of Contents Inventory Unit Summary & Site Plan Concurrence Status Geographic Information and Location Map Management Information National Register Information Chronology & Physical History Analysis & Evaluation of Integrity Condition Treatment Bibliography & Supplemental Information Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site Inventory Unit Summary & Site Plan Inventory Summary The Cultural Landscapes Inventory Overview: CLI General Information: Purpose and Goals of the CLI The Cultural Landscapes Inventory (CLI), a comprehensive inventory of all cultural landscapes in the national park system, is one of the most ambitious initiatives of the National Park Service (NPS) Park Cultural Landscapes Program. The CLI is an evaluated inventory of all landscapes having historical significance that are listed on or eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places, or are otherwise managed as cultural resources through a public planning process and in which the NPS has or plans to acquire any legal interest. The CLI identifies and documents each landscape’s location, size, physical development, condition, landscape characteristics, character-defining features, as well as other valuable information useful to park management. Cultural landscapes become approved CLIs when concurrence with the findings is obtained from the park superintendent and all required data fields are entered into a national database. In addition, for landscapes that are not currently listed on the National Register and/or do not have adequate documentation, concurrence is required from the State Historic Preservation Officer or the Keeper of the National Register. -
National Register of Historic Places Registration Form
NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in National Register Bulletin, How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form. If any item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. 1. Name of Property Historic name: Staunton River Bridge Fortification Historic District Other names/site number: Fort Hill: Staunton River Battlefield State Park; DHR #041-5276 Name of related multiple property listing: The Civil War in Virginia, 1861–1865: Historic and Archaeological Resources________ (Enter "N/A" if property is not part of a multiple property listing ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Location Street & number: 1035 Fort Hill Trail__________________________________________ City or town: _Randolph___ State: Virginia County: Halifax and Charlotte_____ Not For Publication: x Vicinity: x ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this x nomination ___ request for determination of eligibility -
Chapter 2 Yeardley's Fort (44Pg65)
CHAPTER 2 YEARDLEY'S FORT (44PG65) INTRODUCTION In this chapter the fort and administrative center of Flowerdew at 44PG65 are examined in relation to town and fortification planning and the cultural behavior so displayed (Barka 1975, Brain et al. 1976, Carson et al. 1981; Barka 1993; Hodges 1987, 1992a, 1992b, 1993; Deetz 1993). To develop this information, we present the historical data pertaining to town development and documented fortification initiatives as a key part of an overall descriptive grid to exploit the ambiguity of the site phenomena and the historic record. We are not just using historic documents to perform a validation of archaeological hypotheses; rather, we are trying to understand how small-scale variant planning models evolved regionally in a trajectory away from mainstream planning ideals (Beaudry 1988:1). This helps refine our perceptions of this site. The analysis then turns to close examination of design components at the archaeological site that might reveal evidence of competence or "mental template." These are then also factored into a more balanced and meaningful cultural interpretation of the site. 58 59 The site is used to develop baseline explanatory models that are considered in a broader, multi-site context in Chapter 3. Therefore, this section will detail more robust working interpretations that help lay the foundations for the direction of the entire study. In short, learning more about this site as a representative example of an Anglo-Dutch fort/English farmstead teaches us more about many sites struggling with the same practical constraints and planning ideals that Garvan (1951) and Reps (1972) defined. -
Fort Jefferson Self-Guided Tour
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Dry Tortugas National Park Florida Fort Jefferson Self-Guided Tour Seth Eastman, 1875 Chart of the Dry Tortugas Background The story of Fort Jefferson lies with the maritime history of the Florida Straits and the excellent harborage afforded by the Dry Tortugas. These two geo- graphic features stand at a nexus of currents, winds, and shipping routes. The Dry Tortugas rest at the western extremity of the massive Florida Reef system, the third largest coral barrier reef in the world. To the south lies the island nation of Cuba. Between the two lies the 106-mile bottleneck of the Florida Straits, through which flows the Florida Current. The shallow waters of the Dry Tortugas represent a strategic refuge for ships transiting these sea- lanes between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic. It was in 1513 that Don Juan Ponce de Leon discovered the islands of the Dry Tortugas and the Florida Current. The Florida Current is known as the Gulf Current after it merges with the Antilles Current near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. For mariners in the Gulf of Mexico and the Florida Straights, this 2-to -4 knot current was highly prized for the added speed it provided their vessels. This was especially true for Spanish vessels carrying riches from the New World back to Spain. As maritime traffic increased along this current, the anchorage of the Dry Tortugas became vital as a haven for ships in times of inclement weather and war. After the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, American merchants from the Missis- sippi River began frequenting the Dry Tortugas harbor. -
ABSTRACT Nadine Kopp. the Influence of the War of 1812 on Great
ABSTRACT Nadine Kopp. The Influence of the War of 1812 on Great Lakes Shipbuilding. (Under the Direction of Dr. Bradley Rodgers) Department of History, January 2012. The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether the War of 1812 influenced ship construction techniques on the Great Lakes. During the War of 1812, much of the fighting in the North American theater of war primarily took place along the Niagara frontier and later along the St. Lawrence River. From the outset, both the Americans and British realized that gaining the upper hand in the conflict depended upon control of the Great Lakes. Critical to achieving the advantage was the development of a significant and powerful inland navy, which led to a shipbuilding race on both shores. The primary question raised surrounding Great Lakes ship construction in the early nineteenth century is whether or not this large scale event, the War of 1812, permanently influenced the way in which ships were constructed once the war was over. To answer this question, this study examines diagnostic attributes of archaeologically examined wrecks from the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain from before, during and after the War of 1812 to find similarities and difference in their design and construction The three time periods have been defined as the period before the War of 1812, from the French and Indian War (1754 to 1763), when British sailing ships first appeared on the Great Lakes, up to 1811; the period of the War of 1812 itself (1812-1814); and the period after the war leading up to the opening of the Welland Canal (1829) and the widespread use of steam engines on the Great Lakes (1830s-1840s). -
The Pilot of La Salle's Griffon
The Pilot of La Salle’s Griffon Joe Calnan L’explorateur français Robert Cavelier de La Salle (1643-1687) avait un petit caboteur à voile gréé en barque construit en 1679 pour voyager entre la rivière Niagara et le lac Michigan. La Salle a embauché un pilote qualifié et expérimenté pour mener le navire sur ces eaux, mais en moins de neuf mois suivant le début de son emploi sur les Grands Lacs, le pilote avait perdu deux barques qui lui ont été confiées et a disparu avec l’équipage entier. La perte du Griffon de La Salle a été chroniqué par le missionnaire récollet Louis Hennepin, et est devenu l’un des grands mystères des Grands Lacs . Aujourd’hui, le pilote a acquis une notoriété comme un grand hérétique danois, de mauvaise humeur, grand de sept pieds, nommé Luke Dare; mais si ce personnage a son fondement dans les sources primaires ou dans le folklore n’a jamais été clairement établi. En examinant systématiquement les origines de l'information que nous avons sur le pilote dans les documents autant primaires que secondaires, le présent article tente de séparer le folklore des sources vérifiables et mettre en lumière une image plus précise du pilote du Griffon de La Salle. At the ship’s helm was an odd sort of character. Standing seven feet tall, Luke the Dane was known for his violent temper and an attitude that spoke “does not work well with others.” Yet he was a good pilot and was needed if the Griffon was to be a success.1 We saw near the village of Matchinkoa a tree from which the bark had been removed three or four years ago, and on which was depicted a man with a tapabord hat pulled down below his ears, a grey justaucorps, breeches, short legs, a big beard, and a gun in his hand, another figure near him, tied up like a slave, and four scalps.2 When Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle was given permission by Louis XIV to 1 Colleen Burcar, It Happened in Michigan: Remarkable Events That Shaped History (Guilford, 2010), 8. -
Constructing Aspects of Building the Split Baroque Bastion Fort
Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. / Vol VII / Marotta, Spallone (eds.) © 2018 Politecnico di Torino Constructing aspects of building the Split baroque bastion fort Snježana Perojevića aFaculty of Civil Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Geodesy - University of Split, Split, Croatia, [email protected] Abstract At the beginning of the 17th century the City of Split was still surrounded by mostly medieval elements of fortifications adapted to the remaining walls and towers of the ancient palace of the Emperor Diocletian. Since the outbreak of the War of Candia in 1645 the City is fortified on several occasions with different types of fortification works to the final bastion fort, built between 1660 and 1668. Building chronology and geometric elements, as well as building and constructing techniques of this bastion fort, can be precisely followed, described and analyzed by studying extensive written and graphic historical materials, and by investigating physical remains of the fort parts. Between numerous documents related to building the bastion ring around the city there are reports of Sopraintedente all'artiglieria Filippo Besseti Verneda, dated from the period between 1663 and 1665. They represent an exceptional source of data on duration and costs of building, on necessary work force, and on building materials and tools. Current paper offers results of the research on geometric elements and profiles of the mentioned bastion fort, building techniques, used materials, work costs and work force members necessary for carrying out such a building venture. Keywords: Split, bastion fort, building techniques, profiles 1. Introduction The City of Split has its origins in the palace of successful trade was taking place, bringing the Roman Emperor Diocletian, built at the Venice considerable profits in the first half of beginning of the 4th century on the eastern coast the 17th century (Perojević, 2003). -
A Memoir of the Archaeological Excavation of Fort Prince George, Pickens County, South Carolina Along with Pertinent Historical Documentation Marshall W
University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Archaeology and Anthropology, South Carolina Research Manuscript Series Institute of 1998 A Memoir of the Archaeological Excavation of Fort Prince George, Pickens County, South Carolina Along with Pertinent Historical Documentation Marshall W. Williams Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_books Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Williams, Marshall W., "A Memoir of the Archaeological Excavation of Fort Prince George, Pickens County, South Carolina Along with Pertinent Historical Documentation" (1998). Research Manuscript Series. 202. https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_books/202 This Book is brought to you by the Archaeology and Anthropology, South Carolina Institute of at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Research Manuscript Series by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Memoir of the Archaeological Excavation of Fort Prince George, Pickens County, South Carolina Along with Pertinent Historical Documentation Keywords Excavations, Duke Power Company, Fort Prince George, Pickens County, South Carolina, Archeology Disciplines Anthropology Publisher The outhS Carolina Institute of Archeology and Anthropology--University of South Carolina Comments In USC online Library catalog at: http://www.sc.edu/library/ This book is available at Scholar Commons: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_books/202 A Memoir of the Archaeological Excavation of -
Unbewegliche Und Archäologische Denkmale Unter Denkmalschutz
Oberösterreich unbewegliche und archäologische Denkmale unter Denkmalschutz 21.06.2016 (rechtlich nicht verbindlich) Gemeinde KG Bezeichnung Adresse GdstNr Status Bad-Haller-Straße Adlwang 49001 Adlwang Pfarrhof 6 .21/1 § 2a Kath. Filialkirche, Wallfahrtskirche St. Grünburger Straße Adlwang 49001 Adlwang Blasien 117 .66 § 2a Mesnerhaus, Grünburger Straße Adlwang 49001 Adlwang Blasenhaus 119 .65 § 2a Kath. Pfarrkirche, Wallfahrtskirche Sieben Schmerzen Adlwang 49001 Adlwang Mariä Kirchenplatz 1 .1 § 2a Adlwang 49001 Adlwang Pfarrheim Kirchenplatz 10 .10 § 2a Mandorfer Strasse Adlwang 49001 Adlwang Kapelle hl. Brunnen 19, nahe .15 § 2a Ahorn 47302 Ahorn Ruine Piberstein Piberstein 1 .12 Bescheid Kath. Pfarrkirche hll. Peter und Paul mit Aichkirchen 51101 Aichkirchen Friedhof Aichkirchen .130, 582/1 § 2a Aichkirchen 51101 Aichkirchen Pfarrhof Aichkirchen 1 .136 § 2a Aigen im Kalvarienbergkapelle Mühlkreis 47001 Aigen mit Kreuzweg Aigen 2929/1 Bescheid Aigen im Mühlkreis 47001 Aigen Pfarrhof Hauptstraße 14 1213 § 2a Aigen im Kath. Filialkirche hl. Mühlkreis 47001 Aigen Martin Hauptstraße 15 1050 § 2a Aigen im Mühlkreis 47001 Aigen Amtsgebäude Kirchengasse 4 .80 § 2a Kath. Pfarrkirche hl. Aigen im Johannes Mühlkreis 47001 Aigen Evangelista Marktplatz 1155/1 § 2a Aigen im Mühlkreis 47001 Aigen Brunnen Marktplatz 2860/1 § 2a Aigen im Mühlkreis 47001 Aigen Mariensäule Marktplatz 2860/1 § 2a Aigen im Mühlkreis 47001 Aigen Bürgerhaus Marktplatz 13, 13a .20/2; .20/1 Bescheid Aigen im Mühlkreis 47001 Aigen Ackerbürgerhaus Marktplatz 25 1119 Bescheid Aigen im Mühlkreis 47001 Aigen Bürgerhaus Marktplatz 6 .65 Bescheid Aigen im Mühlkreis 47001 Aigen Bildstock Schlossergasse 2860/21 § 2a Wasserschloss 23, 24/1, 24/2, 98, .1, .2, .3, .4, .5, Aistersheim 44102 Aistersheim Aistersheim Aistersheim 1, 2, 3 .8/1, .8/2 Bescheid Pfarrhof, ehem. -
Discovery & Excavation in Scotland
1991 DISCOVERY & EXCAVATION IN SCOTLAND An Annual Survey of Scottish Archaeological Discoveries. Excavation and Fieldwork EDITED BY COLLEEN E BATEY WITH JENNIFER BALL PUBLISHED BY THE COUNCIL FOR SCOTTISH ARCHAEOLOGY ISBN 0 901352 11 X ISSN 0419 -411X NOTES FOR CONTRIBUTORS 1 Contributions should be brief statements of work undertaken. 2 Each contribution should be on a separate page, typed or clearly hand-written and double spaced. Surveys should be submitted in summary form. 3 Two copies of each contribution are required, one for editing and one for NMRS. 4 The Editor reserves the right to shorten published contributions. The unabridged copy will be lodged with NMRS. 5 No proofs will be sent to Contributors because of the tight timetable and the cost. 6 Illustrations should be forwarded only by agreement with the Editor (and HS, where applicable). Line drawings should be supplied camera ready to suit page layout as in this volume. 7 Enquiries relating to published items should normally be directed to the Contributor, not the Editor. 8 The final date for receipt of contributions each year is 31 October, for publication on the last Saturday of February following. Contributions from current or earlier years may be forwarded at any time. 9 Contributions should be sent to Hon Editor, Discouery & Excavation in Scotland, CSA, c/o Royal Museum of Scotland, Queen Street, Edinburgh, EH2 1JD. Please use the following format:- REGION DISTRICT Site Name ( parish) Contributor Type of Site/Find NCR (2 letters, 6 figures) Report Sponsor: HS, Society, Institution, etc, as appropriate. Name of Contributor: (where more than one, please indicate which name should appear in the list of contributors) Address of main contributor.