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Mon-Khmer Studies Volume 41
Mon-Khmer Studies VOLUME 42 The journal of Austroasiatic languages and cultures Established 1964 Copyright for these papers vested in the authors Released under Creative Commons Attribution License Volume 42 Editors: Paul Sidwell Brian Migliazza ISSN: 0147-5207 Website: http://mksjournal.org Published in 2013 by: Mahidol University (Thailand) SIL International (USA) Contents Papers (Peer reviewed) K. S. NAGARAJA, Paul SIDWELL, Simon GREENHILL A Lexicostatistical Study of the Khasian Languages: Khasi, Pnar, Lyngngam, and War 1-11 Michelle MILLER A Description of Kmhmu’ Lao Script-Based Orthography 12-25 Elizabeth HALL A phonological description of Muak Sa-aak 26-39 YANIN Sawanakunanon Segment timing in certain Austroasiatic languages: implications for typological classification 40-53 Narinthorn Sombatnan BEHR A comparison between the vowel systems and the acoustic characteristics of vowels in Thai Mon and BurmeseMon: a tendency towards different language types 54-80 P. K. CHOUDHARY Tense, Aspect and Modals in Ho 81-88 NGUYỄN Anh-Thư T. and John C. L. INGRAM Perception of prominence patterns in Vietnamese disyllabic words 89-101 Peter NORQUEST A revised inventory of Proto Austronesian consonants: Kra-Dai and Austroasiatic Evidence 102-126 Charles Thomas TEBOW II and Sigrid LEW A phonological description of Western Bru, Sakon Nakhorn variety, Thailand 127-139 Notes, Reviews, Data-Papers Jonathan SCHMUTZ The Ta’oi Language and People i-xiii Darren C. GORDON A selective Palaungic linguistic bibliography xiv-xxxiii Nathaniel CHEESEMAN, Jennifer -
Khmuic Linguistic Bibliography with Selected Annotations
Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society JSEALS Vol. 10.1 (2017): i-xlvi ISSN: 1836-6821, DOI: http://hdl.handle.net/10524/52401 University of Hawaiʼi Press eVols KHMUIC LINGUISTIC BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH SELECTED ANNOTATIONS Nathaniel CHEESEMAN Linguistics Institute, Payap University, Thailand Paul SIDWELL Australian National University R. Anne OSBORNE SIL International Abstract: The Khmuic languages represent a branch in the north-central region of the Austroasiatic family. While there are several existing Khmuic bibliographies, namely, Smalley (1973), Proschan (1987), Preisig and Simana (n.d.), Renard (2015), and Lund University (2015), this paper seeks to combine, update and organize these materials into a more readily accessible online resource. A brief overview of Khmuic languages and their linguistic features is given. References are organized according to linguistic domain, with some annotations. An updated language index of a dozen Khmuic languages is also included. Keywords: Austroasiatic, Mon-Khmer, Khmuic, bibliography ISO 639-3 codes: bgk, kjm, xao, kjg, khf, xnh, prb, mlf, mra, tyh, pnx, prt, pry, puo 1. Introduction The Ethnologue, (19th edition), lists thirteen Khmuic languages. Khmuic languages are spoken primarily in northern Laos, but also are found in Thailand and Vietnam. The Khmuic language family is a Sub-branch of the Austroasiatic linguistic family that is dispersed throughout Southeast Asia. Since the early 1970s, five major bibliographies on Khmuic languages have been produced. Most of these focus on Khmu, the largest Khmuic language group. Smalley (1973) wrote the first major Khmuic bibliography that gives readers a mid-twentieth century snapshot of Khmu. This work was an expansion of Smalley’s earlier listings of major Khmu works found in Outline of Khmuˀ structure (Smalley 1961a). -
New Ethnic Names for the Tin of Nan Province
129 Journal of The Siam Society NEW ETHNIC NAMES FOR THE TIN OF NAN PROVINCE By what name shall we call these people, the Tin of Nan Province? Shall we use a name or names that outsiders have given them? Or shall we use the name (s) they use to designate themselves when talking to each other These questions are not unique to the Tin. Indeed, they depict the same situation faced by many tribal or ethnic groups around the world Whenever these questions have been seriously considered, the consensus has been that each ethnic group should be called by the name (s) that the people (of the ethnic group) use to designate themselves and not by the name (s) given to them by outsi ders. The main reason behind this consensus is that since in such cases outsiders are often the majority population, the names they give to an ethnic or minority group are more often than not derogatory terms, or at best terms that connote inferior status in society. Consequently the minority group often resents, secretly or openly, the. name (s) by which they are known to the ourside world. Also as a result, there has been a drive in recent decades in anthropological circles urging all of us to stop using name (s) given by, outsiders to an ethnic group and adopt instead the name (s) that people who are members of the ethnic group use in referring to themselves. The reason behind this is that no ethnic group will be likely to choose or use a name that is self-deprecatory. -
Editorial Note
Editorial Note This volume was produced under difficult conditions. The publication of articles was not only very slow; the number of articles was also reduced due to circumstances beyond our control - the heavy flood in Thailand during October to December 2011. So we ask the reader’s indulgence for any effects this may have on the volume. For this volume, we are pleased to present articles focused on the following languages: Jieyang-Hakka, Jowai-Pnar, Lai, Pumi, Ten-edn, Tai and Viet-Mường; these papers make contributions to language documentation, especially in phonetics and lexicography, and better understanding the historical processes of language diversification. Additionally there are typological papers on phonetics and narrative in Mon-Khmer languages which address important general issues. Graceful acknowledgement should be made to Paul Sidwell for seeing the final volume through to press, and to Brian Migliazza for facilitating the publication of his volume. The Mon-Khmer Studies (MKS) was first published by the Linguistic Circle of Saigon and the Summer Institute of Linguistics in 1964. After nearly 50 years, the print edition will be discontinued. From the volume 41 onward, the MKS is going completely digital and open access. The journal will move to a continuous online publication model, consistent with trends in academic publishing internationally. Also, arrangements will be made for print-on- demand delivery, although we expect electronic distribution to become normal. We thank our readers, authors, reviewers and editors for their continuing support of the journal, now and into the future. Naraset Pisitpanporn for MKS Editorial Board April 2012 iv Table of Contents Editorial Note.……………………………………………………………...….iv Articles John D. -
A Grammar of Jahai
A grammar of lahai PacificLinguistics REFERENCE COpy Not to be removed Burenhult, N. A grammar of Jahai. PL-566, xiv + 245 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 2005. DOI:10.15144/PL-566.cover ©2005 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. Pacific Linguistics 566 Pacific Linguistics is a publisher specialising in grammars and linguistic descriptions, dictionaries and other materials on languages of the Pacific, Taiwan, the Philippines, Indonesia, East Timor, southeast and south Asia, and Australia. Pacific Linguistics, established in 1963 through an initial grant fr om the Hunter Douglas Fund, is associated with the Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies at The Australian National University. The authors and editors of Pacific Linguistics publications are drawn from a wide range of institutions around the world. Publications are refereed by scholars with relevant expertise, who are usually not members of the editorial board. FOUNDINGEDITOR: Stephen A. Wurm EDITORIAL BOARD: John Bowden, Malcolm Ross and Darrell Tryon (Managing Editors), I Wayan Arka, David Nash, Andrew Pawley, Paul Sidwell, Jane Simpson EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD: Karen Adams, Arizona State University Lillian Huang, National Taiwan Normal Peter Austin, School of Oriental and African University Studies Bambang Kaswanti Purwo, Universitas Atma Alexander Adelaar, University of Melbourne Jaya Byron Bender, University of Hawai 'i Marian Klamer, Universiteit -
Language Ecology and Language Planning in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand
LANGUAGE ECOLOGY AND LANGUAGE PLANNING IN CHIANG RAI PROVINCE, THAILAND Simmee Oupra B.A. (English) Chiang Mai University, Thailand M.Ed. (TEFL) Chiang Mai University, Thailand Dip. (Research in Education) Edith Cowan University, Australia Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Linguistics Department of Linguistics Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Adelaide, Australia January, 2009 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.0 Introduction This chapter describes the significance of the study. The chapter also outlines the aims of the study, followed by research questions, choice of the research methodology, organization of the research report, and limitation of the study. 1.1 Significance of the study Language death causes great loss to the world’s traditional knowledge, biodiversity and linguistic diversity. The causes of the loss are largely the results of economic development, political pressure, educational reforms and other forms of development (Crystal, 1997; Fishman, 1996; Lasimbang, Miller, & Otigil, 1992; Luengthongkam, 2002; Maffi, 2001a, 2001b; Nimmanhemin, 2004b). Being fully aware of the language loss problem, linguists played an important role in tackling it and employed methods based on the predominating theoretical linguistics. There have been a number of efforts, studies and research aiming to help prevent languages from dying out by recording them but languages are still dying at an alarming rate. The chilling fact is that by the end of this century 90 percent of the existing languages will disappear and Asia alone accounts for 32 percent (Ethnologue, 2004a; Maffi2004a; Matisoff, 1989). A few studies have noted that most of the languages used in this area are spoken and not written, and are passed on through oral traditions. -
Ainu and Austric
John D. Bengtson, Václav Blažek Santa Fe Institute / Brno, Masaryk University Ainu and Austric: Evidence of Genetic Relationship 1 There have been several attempts to solve the question of the genetic affiliation of the Ainu language of Hokkaido, formerly spoken also in Sakhalin and the Kuril islands. Apart from some inadequate or unlikely proposals there are two principal serious hypotheses: (1) Altaic, or more inclusively ‘Euroasiatic’ (Nostratic), as advocated for instance by Ramstedt, Kop- pelmann, Street, Patrie, Krippes, and Greenberg (with Ruhlen); and (2) Austronesian and Austroasiatic (plus Thai-Kadai and Miao-Yao, together Austric): e.g., Gjerdman, Sternberg, Murayama, and Vovin. Physical anthropology has been ambiguous on this question, in some aspects favoring a Northeast Asian, in others a Southeast Asian origin of the Ainu. The authors of the present article prefer (2), the Austric hypothesis, assuming an internal struc- ture of the Austric macro-phylum consisting of Austro-Thai (Austronesian + Kadai), Miao- Austroasiatic (Hmong-Mien + Austroasiatic), and the peripheral remnants Nihali (in India) and Ainu. This article contains eighty-eight etymologies that the authors believe are strong evidence for the Austric affinity of the Ainu language. The lexical material includes personal pronouns, lower numerals, and other core basic vocabulary. Most importantly, this article is intended to stimulate discussion of the position of Ainu in genetic classification. Keywords: Historical classification, Linguistic reconstruction, Lexical comparison, Ainu, Austric The Ainu language is known from Hokkaido, Sakhalin and the Kuril islands (where it is now extinct). According to toponymy, Ainu was also formerly spoken on Honshu (Hudson 1994, 242–44), and apparently on other islands of the Japanese archipelago, probably even as far as the Ryukyu Islands, where, for example, place-names of the type Pira correlate with Ainu pira “rock” (Kagami 1962; Beleňkaja 1964).