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SHOP NOW FOR SCIENCE & ASTRONOMY PRODUCTS Huge selection! Books • Magazines • Globes & Maps Posters • Downloads • And more! MyScienceShop.com P29014 Background: IC1396 (Elephant Trunk Nebula) Imager: Jerry Gardner Scope: Sky-Watcher Esprit 80 EDT f/5 Sky-Watcher Esprits are on sale throughout October! Designed with the discerning astrophotographer in mind, Sky-Watcher USA’s top-of- the-line refractor delivers the kind of imaging performance one would expect from telescopes costing thousands of dollars more. Sky-Watcher USA Esprits come with everything you see here. False color is a thing of the past with the Esprit’s apochromatic three-element, air-spaced objective lens design. re you I’d take advantage of it. Unlike other refractors, Sky-Watcher USA Esprits ithout notice. 20-18018 include a 2-element field corrector, guaranteeing a flat field across the entire imaging plane right out of the box. The Sky-Watcher proprietary rack- and-pinion focusing system provides a smooth, rock-solid focuser with zero image shift. Esprit refractors are available in 80, 100, 120, and 150mm apertures and come with a 9x50 right-angle finderscope, 2-inch star diagonal, 2-element field flattener, camera adapter, mounting rings, dovetail plate and foam-lined hard case. Act now! You must purchase between October 1st and ©2018 Sky-Watcher USA. Specifications and pricing subject to change w This is only the second time the Esprit line has had sale pricing in America. If I we October 31st, 2018 to be eligible for this offer. For a complete list of specifications and features, please go to skywatcherusa.com 80mm ....... Normally $1,649 .......Sale Price $1,499 .....SAVE $150 100mm ...... Normally $2,499 ......Sale Price $2,299 .....SAVE $200 120mm....... Normally $3,199 .......Sale Price $2,899 .... SAVE $300 150mm ...... Normally $6,399 ......Sale Price $5,999 .... SAVE $400 For information on all of our products and services, or to find an authorized Sky-Watcher dealer near you, just visit www.skywatcherusa.com. Don’t forget to follow us on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram! % Now only $49.90 free shipping! % YOUR TRIP THROUGH THE UNIVERSE! 2017 Universe2go combines the view of the real night sky with the digital world. Look to the sky and discover constellations, planets, and galaxies. WHAT IS UNIVERSE2GO? Universe2go is an augmented-reality star viewer and smartphone app, which shows you the starry night sky in stunning detail! Place your smartphone in the viewer and observe the night sky with numerous, additional bits of information as well as sensational close-ups of various celestial bodies. 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Online Content Code: ASY1811 Enter this code at: www.astronomy.com/code NOVEMBER 2018 to gain access to web-exclusive content VOL. 46, NO. 11 NASA/JHUAPL/CIW ON THE COVER Mercury, the closest planet to the Sun, remains a world of mysteries. The BepiColombo spacecraft aims to unravel some of these. COLUMNS 30 Strange Universe 12 CONTENTS BOB BERMAN Observing Basics 62 FEATURES GLENN CHAPLE 20 COVER STORY 36 54 For Your Consideration 64 Voyage to a world Sky This Month Our eighth annual JEFF HESTER of extremes Mars remains a beacon. Star Products Secret Sky 66 A world of both ire and ice, MARTIN RATCLIFFE AND We’ve combed manufacturers’ STEPHEN JAMES O’MEARA Mercury excites and confounds ALISTER LING catalogs and surfed the web to scientists. he BepiColombo come up with a selection of 35 probe aims to make sense of this 38 products that are sure to fuel QUANTUM GRAVITY mysterious world. BEN EVANS StarDome and your astronomical passion. Snapshot 9 Path of the Planets PHIL HARRINGTON Astro News 10 30 RICHARD TALCOTT; Damien Peach images ILLUSTRATIONS BY ROEN KELLY IN EVERY ISSUE the cosmos Although best known for 44 From the Editor 6 planetary photography, the November’s 50 finest Astro Letters 8 author is equally adept at deep-sky objects Advertiser Index 67 capturing comets, stars, and Set aside some time under galaxies. TEXT AND IMAGES BY New Products 68 a moonless sky to view this DAMIAN PEACH wide variety of celestial treats. Reader Gallery 70 MICHAEL E. BAKICH Breakthrough 74 Astronomy (ISSN 0091-6358, USPS 531-350) ONLINE is published monthly by Kalmbach Media Co., 21027 Crossroads Circle, P. O. Box 1612, Waukesha, WI 53187–1612. Periodicals postage FAVORITES paid at Waukesha, WI, and additional offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Astronomy, P.O. Box 62320, Tampa, Fla. 33662-2320. Go to www.Astronomy.com My Science News Picture Trips Canada Publication Mail Agreement #40010760. for info on the biggest news and Shop The latest of the Day and Tours observing events, stunning photos, Perfect gifts for updates from Gorgeous Travel the world your favorite the science and photos from with the staff of informative videos, and more. science geeks. the hobby. our readers. Astronomy. 4 ASTRONOMY • NOVEMBER 2018 A Family of Great Products, From a Family Business, 'HGLFDWHGWR For Your Family &UDIWVPDQVKLS to Enjoy! $XWR$GMXVWLQJ *72 0RWRU*HDUER[HV $EVROXWH(QFRGHU 2SWLRQ 9'& With over forty years of design- ing and building our vision for eyepiece and refractor perfor- mance, along with photo/visual accessories to match, Tele Vue &RQQHFWLYLW\ continues its mission to make your observing ”...even better than *72&3 you imagined.” Call for expert and accurate technical advice. ZZZDVWURSK\VLFVFRP 0DFKHVQH\3DUN,/86$ 32 Elkay Drive, Chester, New York 10918 845.469.4551 www.TeleVue.com 3K WWW.ASTRONOMY.COM 5 FROM THE EDITOR BY DAVID J. EICHER Editor David J. Eicher Art Director LuAnn Williams Belter EDITORIAL Senior Editors Michael E. Bakich, Richard Talcott Production Editor Elisa R. Neckar Associate Editors Alison Klesman, Jake Parks Copy Editor Dave Lee Take Editorial Assistant Amber Jorgenson ART Graphic Designer Kelly Katlaps Illustrator Roen Kelly Production Specialist Jodi Jeranek a trip CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Bob Berman, Adam Block, Glenn F. Chaple, Jr., Martin George, Tony Hallas, Phil Harrington, Korey Haynes, Jeff Hester, Liz Kruesi, Ray Jayawardhana, Alister Ling, Steve Nadis, Stephen James O’Meara, Tom Polakis, Martin Ratcliffe, Mike D. with us Reynolds, Sheldon Reynolds, Erika Rix, Raymond Shubinski SCIENCE GROUP Executive Editor Becky Lang alk to any astronomer mesmerizing sights. It’s an As part of the 2019 solar eclipse Design Director Dan Bishop about the job, and important trip to observe tour to Chile and Peru, Astronomy’s EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD travelers will visit the famous and Buzz Aldrin, Marcia Bartusiak, Timothy Ferris, Alex Filippenko, they’ll invariably dozens of deep-sky objects ethereal site Machu Picchu, an icon Adam Frank, John S. Gallagher lll, Daniel W. E. Green, William K. Hartmann, Paul Hodge, Edward Kolb, Stephen P. Maran, of Inca civilization. VITMARK/DREAMSTIME tell you that travel is we can’t see at all from the Brian May, S. Alan Stern, James Trefil an exciting part of Northern Hemisphere. Tit. Observatories get built The trip takes place at a Sedona’s red rock forma- Kalmbach Media on mountaintops in exotic base camp near the Gulf of tions, the Grand Canyon, Chief Executive Officer Dan Hickey Senior Vice President, Finance Christine Metcalf locations for a reason — the Nicoya, on Costa Rica’s Lowell Observatory, and Vice President, Content Stephen C. George Vice President, Consumer Marketing Nicole McGuire great seeing and transpar- Pacific coast. There, we can Meteor Crater. Vice President, Operations Brian J. Schmidt ency — so visiting astro- explore the magical forest Check out the details Vice President, Human Resources Sarah A. Horner nomical sites takes you to during the day, as well as at www.astronomy.com/ Senior Director, Advertising Sales and Events David T. Sherman Advertising Sales Director Scott Redmond some pretty cool places in ride horses, watch huge magazine/trips-tours/ Circulation Director Liz Runyon Art and Production Manager Michael Soliday the world. numbers of bird species and 2019arizona New Business Manager Cathy Daniels We take pride in partner- other wildlife, and enjoy And of course, there’s Retention Manager Kathy Steele Single Copy Specialist Kim Redmond ing with TravelQuest soothing waters. At night, as a major trip next year for ADVERTISING DEPARTMENT International, an experi- the stars come out in a dark eclipse chasers. The total Phone (888) 558-1544 Advertising Sales Manager Steve Meni enced touring company sky and the telescopes roll solar eclipse on July 2, 2019, Advertising Sales Representative based in Arizona that will be visible from Dina Johnston, [email protected] Ad Services Representative handles our trip logis- Chile, and we’re run- Christa Burbank, [email protected] tics. 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    Occuttau'm@Newsteuer

    Occuttau'm@Newsteuer Volume IV, Number 3 january, 1987 ISSN 0737-6766 Occultation Newsletter is published by the International Occultation Timing Association. Editor and compos- itor: H. F. DaBo11; 6N106 White Oak Lane; St. Charles, IL 60174; U.S.A. Please send editorial matters, new and renewal memberships and subscriptions, back issue requests, address changes, graze prediction requests, reimbursement requests, special requests, and other IOTA business, but not observation reports, to the above. FROM THE PUBLISHER IOTA NEWS This is the first issue of 1987. Some reductions in David Id. Dunham prices of back issues are shown below. The main purpose of this issue is to distribute pre- dictions and charts for planetary and asteroidal oc- When renewing, please give your name and address exactly as they ap- pear on your mailing label, so that we can locate your file; if the cultations that occur during at least the first part label should be revised, tell us how it should be changed. of 1987. As explained in the article about these If you wish, you may use your VISA or NsterCard for payments to IOTA; events starting on p. 41, the production of this ma- include the account number, the expiration date, and your signature. terial was delayed by successful efforts to improve Card users must pay the full prices. If paying by cash, check, or the prediction system and various year-end pres- money order, please pay only the discount prices. Full Discount sures, including the distribution o"' lunar grazing price price occultation predictions. Unfortunately, this issue IOTA membership dues (incl.
  • Lurking in the Shadows: Wide-Separation Gas Giants As Tracers of Planet Formation

    Lurking in the Shadows: Wide-Separation Gas Giants As Tracers of Planet Formation

    Lurking in the Shadows: Wide-Separation Gas Giants as Tracers of Planet Formation Thesis by Marta Levesque Bryan In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Pasadena, California 2018 Defended May 1, 2018 ii © 2018 Marta Levesque Bryan ORCID: [0000-0002-6076-5967] All rights reserved iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank Heather Knutson, who I had the great privilege of working with as my thesis advisor. Her encouragement, guidance, and perspective helped me navigate many a challenging problem, and my conversations with her were a consistent source of positivity and learning throughout my time at Caltech. I leave graduate school a better scientist and person for having her as a role model. Heather fostered a wonderfully positive and supportive environment for her students, giving us the space to explore and grow - I could not have asked for a better advisor or research experience. I would also like to thank Konstantin Batygin for enthusiastic and illuminating discussions that always left me more excited to explore the result at hand. Thank you as well to Dimitri Mawet for providing both expertise and contagious optimism for some of my latest direct imaging endeavors. Thank you to the rest of my thesis committee, namely Geoff Blake, Evan Kirby, and Chuck Steidel for their support, helpful conversations, and insightful questions. I am grateful to have had the opportunity to collaborate with Brendan Bowler. His talk at Caltech my second year of graduate school introduced me to an unexpected population of massive wide-separation planetary-mass companions, and lead to a long-running collaboration from which several of my thesis projects were born.
  • Infrared Spectroscopy of Nearby Radio Active Elliptical Galaxies

    Infrared Spectroscopy of Nearby Radio Active Elliptical Galaxies

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  • THE 1000 BRIGHTEST HIPASS GALAXIES: H I PROPERTIES B

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  • Naming the Extrasolar Planets

    Naming the Extrasolar Planets

    Naming the extrasolar planets W. Lyra Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, K¨onigstuhl 17, 69177, Heidelberg, Germany [email protected] Abstract and OGLE-TR-182 b, which does not help educators convey the message that these planets are quite similar to Jupiter. Extrasolar planets are not named and are referred to only In stark contrast, the sentence“planet Apollo is a gas giant by their assigned scientific designation. The reason given like Jupiter” is heavily - yet invisibly - coated with Coper- by the IAU to not name the planets is that it is consid- nicanism. ered impractical as planets are expected to be common. I One reason given by the IAU for not considering naming advance some reasons as to why this logic is flawed, and sug- the extrasolar planets is that it is a task deemed impractical. gest names for the 403 extrasolar planet candidates known One source is quoted as having said “if planets are found to as of Oct 2009. The names follow a scheme of association occur very frequently in the Universe, a system of individual with the constellation that the host star pertains to, and names for planets might well rapidly be found equally im- therefore are mostly drawn from Roman-Greek mythology. practicable as it is for stars, as planet discoveries progress.” Other mythologies may also be used given that a suitable 1. This leads to a second argument. It is indeed impractical association is established. to name all stars. But some stars are named nonetheless. In fact, all other classes of astronomical bodies are named.
  • CONSTELLATION TRIANGULUM, the TRIANGLE Triangulum Is a Small Constellation in the Northern Sky

    CONSTELLATION TRIANGULUM, the TRIANGLE Triangulum Is a Small Constellation in the Northern Sky

    CONSTELLATION TRIANGULUM, THE TRIANGLE Triangulum is a small constellation in the northern sky. Its name is Latin for "triangle", derived from its three brightest stars, which form a long and narrow triangle. Known to the ancient Babylonians and Greeks, Triangulum was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy. The celestial cartographers Johann Bayer and John Flamsteed catalogued the constellation's stars, giving six of them Bayer designations. The white stars Beta and Gamma Trianguli, of apparent magnitudes 3.00 and 4.00, respectively, form the base of the triangle and the yellow-white Alpha Trianguli, of magnitude 3.41, the apex. Iota Trianguli is a notable double star system, and there are three star systems with planets located in Triangulum. The constellation contains several galaxies, the brightest and nearest of which is the Triangulum Galaxy or Messier 33—a member of the Local Group. The first quasar ever observed, 3C 48, also lies within Triangulum's boundaries. HISTORY AND MYTHOLOGY In the Babylonian star catalogues, Triangulum, together with Gamma Andromedae, formed the constellation known as MULAPIN "The Plough". It is notable as the first constellation presented on (and giving its name to) a pair of tablets containing canonical star lists that were compiled around 1000 BC, the MUL.APIN. The Plough was the first constellation of the "Way of Enlil"—that is, the northernmost quarter of the Sun's path, which corresponds to the 45 days on either side of summer solstice. Its first appearance in the pre-dawn sky (heliacal rising) in February marked the time to begin spring ploughing in Mesopotamia.
  • Wynyard Planetarium & Observatory a Autumn Observing Notes

    Wynyard Planetarium & Observatory a Autumn Observing Notes

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  • Guide Du Ciel Profond

    Guide Du Ciel Profond

    Guide du ciel profond Olivier PETIT 8 mai 2004 2 Introduction hjjdfhgf ghjfghfd fg hdfjgdf gfdhfdk dfkgfd fghfkg fdkg fhdkg fkg kfghfhk Table des mati`eres I Objets par constellation 21 1 Androm`ede (And) Andromeda 23 1.1 Messier 31 (La grande Galaxie d'Androm`ede) . 25 1.2 Messier 32 . 27 1.3 Messier 110 . 29 1.4 NGC 404 . 31 1.5 NGC 752 . 33 1.6 NGC 891 . 35 1.7 NGC 7640 . 37 1.8 NGC 7662 (La boule de neige bleue) . 39 2 La Machine pneumatique (Ant) Antlia 41 2.1 NGC 2997 . 43 3 le Verseau (Aqr) Aquarius 45 3.1 Messier 2 . 47 3.2 Messier 72 . 49 3.3 Messier 73 . 51 3.4 NGC 7009 (La n¶ebuleuse Saturne) . 53 3.5 NGC 7293 (La n¶ebuleuse de l'h¶elice) . 56 3.6 NGC 7492 . 58 3.7 NGC 7606 . 60 3.8 Cederblad 211 (N¶ebuleuse de R Aquarii) . 62 4 l'Aigle (Aql) Aquila 63 4.1 NGC 6709 . 65 4.2 NGC 6741 . 67 4.3 NGC 6751 (La n¶ebuleuse de l’œil flou) . 69 4.4 NGC 6760 . 71 4.5 NGC 6781 (Le nid de l'Aigle ) . 73 TABLE DES MATIERES` 5 4.6 NGC 6790 . 75 4.7 NGC 6804 . 77 4.8 Barnard 142-143 (La tani`ere noire) . 79 5 le B¶elier (Ari) Aries 81 5.1 NGC 772 . 83 6 le Cocher (Aur) Auriga 85 6.1 Messier 36 . 87 6.2 Messier 37 . 89 6.3 Messier 38 .
  • Science in the Urantia Papers

    Science in the Urantia Papers

    Science ¾ Scientific Validation of the UB z By Denver Pearson z By Phil Calabrese ¾ Seraphic Velocities ¾ Astronomy The Scientific Integrity of the Urantia Book by Denver Pearson As scientifically minded readers first peruse the Urantia Book, it soon occurs to them that many of its statements on the natural sciences conflict with currently held data and theories. In the minds of many this gives rise to doubts about the truthfulness of those statements. Wisdom would lead us to realize that nothing short of perfection is perfect, and anything touched by human hands has fingerprints. This should be our guiding thoughts as we contemplate the accuracy of the scientific content of the Urantia Papers. Several years ago, at the first scientific symposium, it was implied by one of the speakers that the revelation contains errors. This implication is alarming. More recently, at the second symposium held in Oklahoma, an interesting publication named "The Science Content of The Urantia Book" was made available (this document is obtainable from the Brotherhood of Man Library). In this publication is an article entitled "Time Bombs" in which the author suggests that the revelators planted certain inaccurate scientific statements in the book in order to prevent it from becoming a fetish. He states "...the revelators incorporated safeguards in the papers that would form The Urantia Book to diminish the tendency to regard it as an object of worship. What safeguards did they use? Suppose they decided to make sure that mortals reading it understood that some cosmological statements in the book would be found to be inaccurate".
  • Winter Observing Notes

    Winter Observing Notes

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  • The Wall of Lies #174

    The Wall of Lies #174

    The Wall of Lies Number 174 Newsletter established 1991, club formed June first 1980 The newsletter of the South Australian Doctor Who Fan Club Inc., also known as SFSA Final STATE Adelaide, September–October 2018 WEATHEr: Autumn Brought Him Free Leadership Vote Delays Who! by staff writers Selfish children spoil party games. The Liberal Party leadership spill of 24 August 2018 had an unfortunate consequence; preempting Doctor Who. Due to start at 4:10pm on Friday the 24th, The Magician's Apprentice was cancelled for rolling coverage of the three way party vote. The episode did repeat at 4.25am that day. Departing Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull frankly told us (The Wall of Lies 155, July 2015) that he had never watched Doctor Who. Incoming Prime Minister Scott Morrison thoughts on the show are not recorded. O The Wall of Lies lobbies successive u S t Communications Ministers to increase So on Regeneration: the 29th and 30th Prime resources and access for preserving the n! Ministers reunite for an absolutely dreadful nation’s television heritage. anniversary show. Free Tickets for Doctor Who Club! by staff writers BBC Worldwide and Sharmill Films come through again! On 20 August 2018 Sharmill Films said they had a deal with the BBC to present the as SFSA magazine # 33 yet unnamed series 11 premiere of Doctor Who in Australian cinemas. O u N t No ow Sharmill has presented the screenings of ! The Day of The Doctor (24 November 2013), Deep Breath (24 August 2014), The Power of the Daleks and The Return of Doctor Mysterio (12 November and 26 December 2016, respectively), The Pilot, Shada, and Twice Upon a Time (16 April, 24 November and 26 December 2017).
  • And Ecclesiastical Cosmology

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