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General Joseph “Fightin' Joe” Wheeler
General Joseph “Fightin’ Joe” Wheeler By Wil Elrick September 10, 1836 was an ordinary day that saw the birth of an ordinary child in Augusta, Georgia. The boy was the youngest of four children born to Joseph and Julia Hull Wheeler. The name bestowed upon the ordinary child would go on to be known throughout the United States as that of an excellent soldier and statesman – that name was Joseph Wheeler. In addition to an unremarkable birth, Joseph went through his early life in a similar ordinary state. Joseph senior was a merchant banker and landowner who had built for himself a small fortune only General to see it all taken away in the bank Joseph “Fightin” Joe” Wheeler failures and financial panic of 1837. (Wikipedia) Soon after the family’s fortune was received his appointment to West lost, Julie unexpectedly passed Point at the age of seventeen. away. Unable to raise the young boy On July 1, 1854, Joseph Wheeler on his own, Joseph senior sent entered West Point which at the Joseph to Connecticut to live with time was under Superintendent his two aunts and attend the Robert E. Lee. While at West Point, Cheshire Academy boarding school Joseph Wheeler was once again in 1842. considered unremarkable. He had There is little recorded about his very high scores in the subject of time at Cheshire, but he did seem to Deportment, but otherwise, he was be an average youth who enjoyed in the bottom of his class during his reading about wars and learning five years at the military academy. -
Timeline 1864
CIVIL WAR TIMELINE 1864 January Radical Republicans are hostile to Lincoln’s policies, fearing that they do not provide sufficient protection for ex-slaves, that the 10% amnesty plan is not strict enough, and that Southern states should demonstrate more significant efforts to eradicate the slave system before being allowed back into the Union. Consequently, Congress refuses to recognize the governments of Southern states, or to seat their elected representatives. Instead, legislators begin to work on their own Reconstruction plan, which will emerge in July as the Wade-Davis Bill. [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reconstruction/states/sf_timeline.html] [http://www.blackhistory.harpweek.com/4Reconstruction/ReconTimeline.htm] Congress now understands the Confederacy to be the face of a deeply rooted cultural system antagonistic to the principles of a “free labor” society. Many fear that returning home rule to such a system amounts to accepting secession state by state and opening the door for such malicious local legislation as the Black Codes that eventually emerge. [Hunt] Jan. 1 TN Skirmish at Dandridge. Jan. 2 TN Skirmish at LaGrange. Nashville is in the grip of a smallpox epidemic, which will carry off a large number of soldiers, contraband workers, and city residents. It will be late March before it runs its course. Jan 5 TN Skirmish at Lawrence’s Mill. Jan. 10 TN Forrest’s troops in west Tennessee are said to have collected 2,000 recruits, 400 loaded Wagons, 800 beef cattle, and 1,000 horses and mules. Most observers consider these numbers to be exaggerated. “ The Mississippi Squadron publishes a list of the steamboats destroyed on the Mississippi and its tributaries during the war: 104 ships were burned, 71 sunk. -
History of Hancock Ciounty; Virginia and West Virginia
HISTORY of HANCOCK COUNTY • Virginia and West Virginia o Sacramento Branch Genealogical Library BY JACK WELCH FIRST PRINTING © Copyright, 1963, by Jack Welch All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Published in Wheeling, West Virginia, by The Wheeling News Printing & Litho Co. orewor* The physical features of Hancock County can be described quickly and easily. It is the northernmost county in West Virginia, bounded on the north and west by the Ohio River, on the east by Pennsylvania, and on the south by Brooke County. It is the smallest county in West Virginia with 88.55 square miles. It has three muni cipalities (Chester, New Cumberland, Weirton), three magisterial districts (Butler, Clay, Grant), and 37 voting precincts. Its agri cultural and industrial products include iron, steel, chinaware, pottery, bricks, fire clay, sheet metal, tin products, apples, dairy foods, and livestock. Hancock County, like any other inhabited area of the world, is more than a tiny block of land furnishing a livelihood for several thousands of people. It is a land that is built upon the labor, the ideals, the lives, and the deaths of those who have gone before. It is a forest turned into a farm, a farm turned into a town, and a town turned into an industrial site employing thousands of people. It is a man chopping a tree in a virgin forest, it is a woman taking up a "fie to protect her family from Indians, it is a man building a school, it is a man building a factory. All these things are Hancock County, as much of a reality as the topographical and statistical elements. -
Great Discoveries at Pritchard's Hill Cemetery
Summer 2021 • Newsletter of the KernstownKernstown Battlefi eldeld AssociationAssociation •• PP.O..O. BoxBox 13271327 •• WWinchester,inchester, VVirginiairginia 2260422604 •• wwwwww.kernstownbattle.org.kernstownbattle.org Great Discoveries at Pritchard’s Hill Cemetery With only one headstone visible, it’s always been a guess as to how many graves are in the cemetery on Pritchard’s Hill, and where they are located. On Thursday, April 8th GeoModel, a company from Leesburg, Virginia specializing in Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), was hired by the KBA Board of Dirctors to survey our cemetery to help us deter- mine the number and exact location of the graves. Matt Turner from GeoModel laid out a grid around the existing cemetery and surveyed the entire area. He located 14 gravesites, Pushing his GPR equipment, Matt Turner of GeoModel all located fairly close together, laid east to west. While we have some idea who is buried surveys the Pritchard cemetery. Susan Baldwin’s head- stone stands in the foreground. in the cemetery we will never know who is buried in which grave. However, now when we give tours we can say with certainty that there are at least 14 graves on the hillside. In addition to the one headstone, marked as the grave of Susan (Pritchard) Baldwin, records show the following individuals are also buried on the hill: Susan’s grandfather, Reese Pritchard Jr. (1710 – 1760); her father, Stephen Pritchard I (1745 – 1819); her brother, Stephen Pritchard II (1776 – 1858); and her sister, Margaret (1772 – 1819). We know at least five other family mem- SUSAN JAMES BALDWIN bers are in the cemetery, including two-year- Third wife and widow of old Margaret, daughter of Samuel and Helen CORNELIUS BALDWIN Pritchard who occupied Brightside during the war. -
Confederate Forces at the Same Time
CHICAGO CIVIL WAR ROUNDTABLE SHENANDOAH VALLEY – 1864 Shenandoah Valley Map 1864 CHICAGO CIVIL WAR ROUNDTABLE SHENANDOAH VALLEY – 1864 Page 1 of 83 Table of Contents Shenandoah Valley Map 1864 ...................................................................................................................... 0 Shenandoah 1864 by Jonathan Sebastian .................................................................................................... 3 Lower Shenandoah Valley ............................................................................................................................. 9 Army of the Shenandoah ............................................................................................................................ 10 Army of the Valley....................................................................................................................................... 11 Maps ........................................................................................................................................................... 12 Overview Shenandoah Valley Campaigns May-June 1864 ..................................................................... 12 Battle of New Market Map 1 .................................................................................................................. 13 Battle of New Market Map 2 .................................................................................................................. 14 Battle of New Market Map 3 ................................................................................................................. -
NATIONAL REGISTER of HISTORIC Placet MULTIPLE PROPERTY
NFS Form 10-900-b 4-0018 (March 1992) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACEt SHGISfER, HISTORY MULTIPLE PROPERTY DOCUMENTATION F RM NATIONAL PARK SERVICE This form is used for documenting multiple property groups relating to one or several historic contexts. See instructions in How to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Form (National Register Bulletin 16B). Complete each item by entering the requested information. For additional space, use continuation sheets (Form 10-900-a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer to complete all items. X New Submission Amended Submission A. Name of Multiple Property Listing The Civil War in Virginia, 1861-1865: Historic and Archaeological Resources B. Associated Historic Contexts (Name each associated historic context, identifying theme, geographical area, and chronological period for each.) The Civil War in Virginia, 1861-1865: Historic and Archaeological Resources C. Form Prepared by name/title John S. Salmon organization _Virginia Department of Historic Resources street & number 2801 Kensington Avenue telephone 804-367-2323 ext. 117 city or town Richmond_____________ state VA zip code 23221 D. Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this documentation form meets the National Register documentation standards and sets forth requirements for the listing of related properties consistent with the National Register criteria. This submission meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60 and the Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines for Archeology and Historic Preservation. (__ See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signature and title of certifying official Date of tate or FeaeraHgency and ureau I hereby certify that this multiple property documentation form has been approved by the National Register as a basis for evaluating related properties for listing in the National Register. -
Joseph Wheeler Family Papers Finding
JOSEPH WHEELER FAMILY PAPERS, 1809-1943 Finding aid Call number: LPR50 Extent: 70 cubic ft. (145 archives boxes, 4 oversized containers, and 51 volumes.) To return to the ADAHCat catalog record, click here: http://adahcat.archives.alabama.gov:81/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=4222 Alabama Dept. of Archives and History, 624 Washington Ave., Montgomery, AL 36130 www.archives.alabama.gov JOSEPH WHEELER FAMILY PAPERS OUTLINE OF SERIES DESCRIPTION Biographical sketch of Joseph Wheeler p. 4 I. WHEELER AND JONES FAMILY A. Genealogical/Biographical papers p. 6 II. DANIELLA JONES WHEELER, 1841-1896 p. 6 A. PAPERS, GENERAL, 1862-1874 III. JOSEPH WHEELER, 1787-1866 A. FINANCIAL RECORDS, 1815-1866 p. 6 B. FAMILY LETTERS, 1809-1842, 1857 p. 7 IV. WILLIAM HULL WHEELER, 1834-1861 A. PAPERS, GENERAL, 1847-1861 p. 7 V. RICHARD JONES, 1793-1883 A. PAPERS, GENERAL, 1851-1883 p. 7 VI. THOMAS HARRISON JONES, 1820-1889 A. FINANCIAL RECORDS, 1853-1874 p. 8 VII. JONES FAMILY A. PAPERS, GENERAL, various dates p. 8 VIII. JOSEPH WHEELER, 1836-1906 A. PERSONAL/FAMILY PAPERS, 1860-1943 1. Letters, 1860-1943 p. 9 2. Invitations, 1880s-1900s p. 12 3. Printed material, various dates p. 12 B. FINANCIAL/BUSINESS, 1820-1923 1. Bookkeeping volumes, 1920-1884 p. 12 2. Financial records, 1865-1923 p. 13 C. LEGAL, 1869-1905 1. Jones and Wheeler/Wheeler and Jones, 1869-1881, various dates p. 18 2. Phelan and Wheeler, 1873-1880, various dates p. 19 3. Joseph Wheeler, 1869-1902 p. 19 2 JOSEPH WHEELER FAMILY PAPERS OUTLINE OF SERIES DESCRIPTION (continued) D. -
Tennessee Civil War Trails Program 213 Newly Interpreted Marker
Tennessee Civil War Trails Program 213 Newly Interpreted Markers Installed as of 6/9/11 Note: Some sites include multiple markers. BENTON COUNTY Fighting on the Tennessee River: located at Birdsong Marina, 225 Marina Rd., Hwy 191 N., Camden, TN 38327. During the Civil War, several engagements occurred along the strategically important Tennessee River within about five miles of here. In each case, cavalrymen engaged naval forces. On April 26, 1863, near the mouth of the Duck River east of here, Confederate Maj. Robert M. White’s 6th Texas Rangers and its four-gun battery attacked a Union flotilla from the riverbank. The gunboats Autocrat, Diana, and Adams and several transports came under heavy fire. When the vessels drove the Confederate cannons out of range with small-arms and artillery fire, Union Gen. Alfred W. Ellet ordered the gunboats to land their forces; signalmen on the exposed decks “wig-wagged” the orders with flags. BLOUNT COUNTY Maryville During the Civil War: located at 301 McGee Street, Maryville, TN 37801. During the antebellum period, Blount County supported abolitionism. In 1822, local Quakers and other residents formed an abolitionist society, and in the decades following, local clergymen preached against the evils of slavery. When the county considered secession in 1861, residents voted to remain with the Union, 1,766 to 414. Fighting directly touched Maryville, the county seat, in August 1864. Confederate Gen. Joseph Wheeler’s cavalrymen attacked a small detachment of the 2nd Tennessee Infantry (U.S.) under Lt. James M. Dorton at the courthouse. The Underground Railroad: located at 503 West Hill Ave., Friendsville, TN 37737. -
Slavery and States Rights Great Speech of Hon. Joseph Wheeler, of Alabama
Slavery and States Rights Great Speech of Hon. Joseph Wheeler, of Alabama. From the Richmond, Va., Dispatch, July 31, 1894 Causes Of The War. Opposition of the Southern Colonists to Slavery, and Their Devotion to the Union--Advocates of Secession. On Friday, July 13th, 1894, the House of Representatives being in Committee of the Whole, on appropriations and expenditures, and having under consideration the bill to remove the charge of desertion standing against Patrick Kelleher, late private, Company C, Thirty-eighth Illinois Volunteers, Mr. Wheeler, of Alabama, as a member of the Committee on Military Affairs, made a speech which has since attracted widespread attention. The discussion, which became animated, led up to the causes of the late war and its immense expenditures, and Mr. Wheeler brought out some startling historical facts. He said: I did not intend or desire to enter into any discussion about the war, but in reply to the question of the distinguished gentleman from New York, General Curtis, I will say that these expenditures were caused by events which I deplored. The armies causing these immense expenditures were raised for reasons with which I was not in sympathy, and I regretted very much that they were raised. (Laughter and applause). I never thought them necessary, because I believed then, as I believe now, that our appeals should have been heeded when we went on our knees at the Peace Congress, in Philadelphia, to beg for arbitration and peace, and to beg that some guarantee should be given that the Constitution of the country should be regarded. -
The Pennsylvania State University the Graduate
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School Department of History Civil War In and About Pendleton County, (West) Virginia A Thesis in History by John Craft Taylor Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts March 1975 Date of Approval: Warren W. Hassler, Professor of American History Thesis Adviser Hugo A. Meier, Associate Professor of History Kent Forster, Head of the Department of History ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The writer wishes to acknowledge his debt of gratitude for the generous aid of the following persons: Mr. William McCoy, who loaned a pre pUblication typescript of 'Twixt North and South; Miss Elizabeth Boggs, who made available early issues of the Pendleton Times and The Herald; Mr. Luther Eye, Clerk of the Pendleton County Court, for his assistance in locating the pertinent court records; and Professors Warren W. Hassler and Hugo A. Meier of the Department of History of The Pennsylvania State University, both of whom read the manuscript and offered numerous helpful suggestions. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . ii LIST OF PLATES v INTRODUCTION 1 1. THE SECESSION MOVEMENT. 9 The Background to Secession 9 The County Court Acts in Support of the Confederacy•..•... 14 II. HOSTILITIES IN ADJACENT COUNTIES. 24 Philippi, Rich Mountain, and Corricks Ford.. 24 Cheat Mountain, Greenbrier River, and Camp Allegheny. • . • . • . • • . 33 Confederate Military Organizations. • • • 40 III. THE WAR COMES TO PENDLETON ..... 51 The County Court Combats Inflation and Scarcities in 1862. 51 The First Incursion of Federals . • 54 Arbitrary Arrest••.•...•. 59 The Flight of the Mennonites and Dunkards. • . • 61 IV. McDOWELL AND ITS PRELUDE. -
Stones River
STONES RIVER NATIONAL BATTLEFIELD TENNESSEE Rosecrans Advances the southerly course of the stream. This On December 26, 1862, General Rosecrans movement, if successful, would place part of Stones River marched the Union army out of Nashville the Union army between the Confederates and advanced against Bragg's position. By and their supply base at Murfreesboro. NATIONAL BATTLEFIELD December 30, the Union troops faced the Striking first, the Confederates had the ad Confederates near Stones River. vantage. At daybreak on the 31st, they furi ously assaulted the Union right wing, driving But the advance had not been without it and part of the center back through the The first big battle in the Union campaign destined to end incident. Moving swiftly with cavalry, Brig. surrounding cedar woods to the Nashville in Sherman's "March to the Sea" Gen. Joseph Wheeler raided the Union army, Pike. Only inspired fighting by Brig. Gen. burning and destroying wagon trains and Philip H. Sheridan's right-wing brigade and harassing the rearguard. Starting on the stubborn holding of most of the center by night of December 29, he completely circled Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas averted a of all western Tennessee, as well as Nash the Union army, returning to the Confed Union rout. ville and part of middle Tennessee. How erate lines early on December 31. Wheeler ever, the invasion of Kentucky by Gen. had destroyed nearly a million dollars worth All thought of the Union attack against Braxton Bragg's Confederate army tempo of Federal property and had taken 700 Bragg's right wing was now dropped. -
Touring the Battle of Cool Spring
Touring the Battle of Cool Spring Welcome to Shenandoah University’s Shenandoah River Campus at Cool Spring Battlefield. On July 18, 1864, the 195 acres that now comprise the Campus at Cool Spring Battlefield played an important role in the Battle of Cool Spring—the largest and bloodiest Civil War battle fought in Clarke County. Shenandoah University invites you to use this guide to explore important elements of the Battle of Cool Spring. Please feel free to either take this guide home with you or return it to the kiosk after the tour, but whatever you decide please help spread the word about this valuable historic resource. The tour begins at the kiosk located near the end of the parking lot located closest to the Shenandoah River. The walking tour is approximately 2 miles round-trip and takes you over some uneven terrain so please watch your step. Please see the trail map on the last page of this guide to assist you in navigating the property. Tour markers are also located along the trail to assist in navigation. Follow the Stops Below to Tour the Battlefield Self-Guided Tour Stop Map Stop 1: Prelude to Battle (Kiosk) Gen. Jubal A. Early (From Battles & Leaders) “We haven’t taken Washington, but we’ve scared Abe Lincoln like hell.” Confederate general Jubal A. Early After marching to within sight of the Capitol dome in Washington, D.C. on July 11, 1864, the capital of the United States seemed within Confederate general Jubal Early’s grasp. However, with the imposing Fort Stevens in his front and news that additional Union reinforcements were on the way to protect the capital, Early decided to withdraw on the night of July 12 and return to Virginia.