Geographic Name Proposals Report Pūkorokoro / Miranda (locality) Pūkorokoro Hot Springs (hot springs) name alteration and assigning a new name

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16 July 2014 Page 1 of 8 Linzone ID A1789530

• The proposer is seeking to alter the recorded locality name Miranda to Pūkorokoro / Miranda and assign the new name Pūkorokoro Hot Springs to the hot springs known locally as Miranda Hot Springs. • Both features are located on the southwest coast of the Firth of Thames. • The locality name Pukorokoro (no macron) has been used on maps since at least the late 1860s. The name Miranda, from the ship HMS Miranda , replaced the name Pukorokoro after an event during the War in 1863. • The nearby hot springs has an original Māori name, Pūkorokoro that has never been depicted on maps. The location of the hot springs has been given a locality name, Miranda Hot Springs. The Miranda Holiday Park is located there.

Recommendation 1 the proposal to Miranda to a dual name for the locality on the Firth of Thames, based on the long term use of Miranda and the long association of the original Māori name Pūkorokoro with the locality, recognising the equal significance of both the Māori and non-Maori names, and support from Council and Waikato District Council and confirmation of orthography by Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori. and Recommendation 2 as a proposal to for a period of three months in terms of s.16 of the NZGB Act 2008.

Recommendation 3 the proposal to alter to a dual name Miranda to Pūkorokoro / Miranda for the locality, based on the issues that may be caused by assigning a dual name to an addressable/populated locality, and because the ANZ 4819 Addressing Standard states ‘a dual name or an alternative name shall not be assigned to a locality’.

Recommendation 4 the proposal to to an unnamed hot springs feature (not the locality) approximately 3 km southeast of the locality of Miranda, including the English generic geographic term, based on the information provided by the proposer of the original name for the feature and confirmation of orthography by Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori, subject to the exact location of the hot springs feature being determined. and Recommendation 5 as a proposal to for a period of three months in terms of s.16 of the NZGB Act 2008.

Recommendation 6 the following alterations to adjacent associated names based on the need for consistency and correct spelling, and the alteration being a minor change in orthography:

16 July 2014 Page 2 of 8 Linzone ID A1789530 • Miranda Hot Springs to (locality) subject to support from and Waikato District Council. • Pukorokoro to 3.8km southwest of Miranda • Pukorokoro Stream to flowing southeast along the coastal flats north of Miranda, subject to confirmation of extent. and Recommendation 7 Pūkorokoro / Miranda Hot Springs (locality), Pūkorokoro (hill) and Pūkorokoro Stream as proposals to for a period of three months in terms of s.16 of the NZGB Act 2008. Recommendation 8 u the locality name to avoid confusion between the hot springs and locality as the hot springs are known locally by the same name as the recorded locality name, to minimise difficulties in displaying two names in the same location on maps and as the only features at the location of the name Miranda Hot Springs on map is the Miranda Holiday Park and adjoining hot springs pool. and Recommendation 9 Notify in terms of s.21(2) of the NZGB Act 2008 for one month.

The Proposal • The Office of Treaty Settlements (OTS) has now submitted these proposals through the normal statutory process on behalf of Ngāti Pāoa (who is part of Hauraki Collective) who is currently in Treaty negotiations with the Crown. • Ngāti Pāoa (through OTS) is proposing that the recorded locality name Miranda be altered to Pūkorokoro / Miranda, and the unnamed hot springs feature be assigned as Pūkorokoro Hot Springs. • Ngāti Pāoa identified the hot springs by the local use name Miranda Hot Springs. Ngāti Pāoa and OTS did not know that the name Miranda Hot Springs (recorded in the Gazetteer and shown on maps) is for a locality not the hot springs. OTS clarified that the proposed name Pūkorokoro Hot Springs is for the hot springs and not the locality named Miranda Hot Springs.

Policy on • The Board’s Chairperson accepted the proposal for processing as it ‘Requirement for meets the Board’s minimum requirements policy and naming criteria. Geographic Name Proposals’

New Zealand • Miranda and Miranda Hot Springs (both localities) are recorded names in Gazetteer the New Zealand Gazetteer. The hot springs are not named.

Historical Maps, • Miranda (locality) was originally named Pukorokoro on plans and named Plans Miranda after 1873. The hot springs locality has been named Miranda

16 July 2014 Page 3 of 8 Linzone ID A1789530 Hot Springs on maps. The hot springs have not been named on any maps, plans or charts but were depicted on maps in 1942, 1957 and 1964. 1869 ML 1544/A2 Pukorokoro Not depicted 1869 North Auckland SO Pukorokoro Not depicted 1315/1 1870 North Auckland SO Pukorokoro Not depicted 160 1873 South Auckland ML Miranda Not depicted 2925 1877 South Auckland ML Area named Not depicted 3012 Pukorokoro, Miranda District 1891 South Auckland SO “Plan of Not depicted 6111 Tramway Road Miranda Wharf Pukorokoro” 1894 South Auckland SO Miranda Not depicted 2744/A 1942 NZMS 1 N48 Miranda Hot Springs 1957, 2 nd edition NZMS 1 N48 Miranda Hot Springs 1964, 3 rd edition NZMS 1 N48 Miranda Hot Springs 1972, 3 rd edition NZMS 177 N48 Miranda Unnamed 1974, 4 th edition NZMS 1 N48 Miranda Unnamed 1999 Chart NZ 533 Miranda Unnamed 2006 NZMS 260-S12 Miranda Miranda Hot Springs (locality) 2012, edition 2.00 NZTopo50-BB34 Miranda Miranda Hot Springs (locality)

NZGB Archive • In correspondence 1 dated 1956, CS Wood notes that “Miranda: the Records Maori name was Pokorokoro, which my old Maori friends of Ngati Paoa and Ngati Maru interpreted as ‘Throat of night’. An old account of the origin of the proverb, ‘Pare Waikato, pare Hauraki’ published in the Polynesian Journal many years ago gives the name as ‘Puke korokoro’, but this name was extinct or modified by the time of the Maori War, as Pokorokoro is given in most of the histories. It is a place very famous in Maori history”.

Henry James • Fletcher records Pukorokoro as “A place on the Thames. A hill on the Fletcher Māori Hauraki Gulf”. Names Index 2

1 NZGB Correspondence. Vol 31, p. 109 2 Fletcher, H.J. 1925. Index of Māori Names . Retrieved from http://www.waikato.ac.nz/library/resources/nzc/fletcher/, 22 May 2014

16 July 2014 Page 4 of 8 Linzone ID A1789530 Research/History/ • Pukorokoro was first recorded in a newspaper in 1863 3. References • Ngāti Pāoa states that Pūkorokoro is locally translated as “the long throated purse net”, which describes the entrance to Pukorokoro Stream and regular fishing that occurred in the area. • Ngāti Pāoa states that in mid 1863 the Crown sent HMS Miranda as part of a naval blockade to suppress rebel forces. HMS Miranda tried to land soliders at the well-populated village of Pūkorokoro based on information that Kīngitanga forces might be there. Waka, whare and surrounding bush were destroyed and a large number of Ngāti Pāoa people were killed. Crown forces later constructed a redoubt which was named Miranda after the ship. This name was subsequently used for the town and surrounding area.

Waikato-Tainui – • The proposer consulted with Waikato-Tainui who supports “the proposed Board to have name change from Miranda to Miranda/Pukorokoro”. particular regard • to the Vision and Waikato-Tainui contacted representatives from Okarea, Mangatangi and Strategy Taniwha Marae (which is the Waikato-Tainui Te Kauhanganui Inc marae located closest to Miranda). The three marae support the proposed name change. • Waikato-Tainui also notes that Kahui Kaumatua (a forum of kaumatua from Waikato-Tainui) passed a resolution unanimously supporting Ngāti Pāoa in this proposal. • The proposal gives practical effect to the Deed of Settlement and Accord with the Minister for Land Information, to support and assist Waikato- Tainui to engage with the Board for the exercise of mana whakahaere.

Location/Extent of • Miranda is a small locality incorporating a small group of residential Feature homes and rural lifestyle properties. It is located on the Firth of Thames approximately 20 km west-southwest of Thames. The Secretariat is unsure of the spatial extent of the locality but has requested it from Hauraki District Council. • Miranda Hot Springs is also a locality approximately 3 km southeast of the Miranda. The hot springs feature (not currently named) (originally about 100 individual springs over a 40 ha 4) were inaccessible to Pākehā until the 20 th Century because of the lack of roads to the feature 5. The area was developed after World War II. • The locality of Miranda and the hot springs feature are not nationally iconic places but the hot springs are the largest in the country 6 and reputedly the largest in the Southern Hemisphere 7. Altering the names may be contentious with local people and tourists.

Generic Feature • A generic feature type for the locality is not appropriate.

3 Coromandel – Native Intelligence. 20 November 1863. Daily Southern Cross , XIX:1980, p. 4 4 Freeston, D. and Lund, J.W. 1998. Miranda Hot Springs. GHC Bulletin , September 1998. Retrieved from http://geoheat.oit.edu/bulletin/bull19-3/art10.pdf, 29 May 2014 5 Swarbrick, N. 2013. Thermal pools and spas – Leisure and pleasure. Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand . Retrieved from http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/photograph/6590/miranda-hot-springs, 29 May 2014 6 Peter, A.T. 2010. A Low enthalpy geothermal resources – Miranda- area . Waikato Regiaonl Council Technical Report 2012/19. Report prepared for Waikato Regional Council. Retrieved from http://www.waikatoregion.govt.nz/PageFiles/21868/TR201219.pdf, 29 May 2014 7 Lonely Planet. 2014. Miranda Hot Springs . Retrieved from http://www.lonelyplanet.com/new- zealand/miranda/activities/other/miranda-hot-springs, 29 May 2014

16 July 2014 Page 5 of 8 Linzone ID A1789530 • Hot Springs is appropriate generic feature type for the hot springs and will assist with feature identification.

NZGB Act 2008 • Section 3(e): provide means for appropriate recognition to be accorded to cultural and heritage values associated with geographic features. • The proposed names support sections 11(1)(d) and (e) of the NZGB Act 2008 as they seek to restore an original Māori name. Assigning the proposed names as official will ensure their use on maps, charts and other official documents.

Policy from • Dual and alternative naming: dual and alternative naming recognises Frameworks the equal and special significance for the community of both original version 5 Māori and non-Māori names. Miranda and Pūkorokoro are significant names with Pūkorokoro being the original Māori name and Miranda commemorating an event that occurred at the locality during the Waikato War. • Locality and suburb names: The Board recognises the importance of locality and suburb names and their extents. These names and the area to which they relate are important in correctly identifying locations, which is essential for emergency services. The Secretariat has asked Hauraki District Council to provide the extent of Miranda. The Council has not yet provided an extent but said: “We have never been given any geographical extent of this area (Pukorokoro) [sic] and recommend that iwi define this area as it may not be the same as the general Miranda as it is known as today”.

Duplication/ • Miranda is duplicated in Miranda Redoubt, Miranda Scenic Reserve, Associated names Miranda Scientific Reserve, Miranda Stream and Miranda Taramaire Government Purpose Reserve Wildlife Management Area. All of these features are located within 6 km of Miranda (locality). The proposer is not seeking to alter these names as they will preserve the name Miranda. • A company operates a public swimming pool at the locality of Miranda Hot Springs which is feed by the hot springs. The pool is named Miranda Hot Springs 8. • Pukorokoro is duplicated in Pukorokoro a hill approximately 4 km southwest of Miranda, Pukorokoro Stream which flows into Miranda Stream less than 500 m northeast of Miranda and Pukorokoro Stream near Hokianga Harbour. Pukorokoro and Pukorokoro Stream (near Miranda) are associated features. • The Board should consider altering the orthography of Pukorokoro (hill) and Pukorokoro Stream, which are associative names, with this proposal for consistency. • Assigning the proposed Māori name to the locality of Miranda will not cause issues or confusion for emergency services as although there is duplication of Pukorokoro and Miranda in the surrounding area the duplication is not for another locality or hot springs. • The Secretariat understands that OTS has asked the Department of Conservation to consider altering the name Miranda Taramaire Government Purpose Reserve Wildlife Management Area to Pūkorokoro Taramaire Government Purpose Reserve Wildlife Management Area as

8 Miranda Hot Springs. N.d. Retrieved from http://www.mirandahotsprings.co.nz/, 18 June 2014

16 July 2014 Page 6 of 8 Linzone ID A1789530 part of the Ngāti Pāoa Treaty settlement.

Addressing • Miranda and Miranda Hot Springs are not listed by NZ Post as Implications addressable localities and there are unlikely to be addressing issues if the names are altered. • Miranda is listed as an Electoral Place name 9. • Retaining Miranda in a dual name will overcome any addressing issues. • The ANZ 4819 Addressing Standard states (moving forward) “a dual name or an alternative name shall not be assigned to a locality”. However there are existing dual names for localities and these are acceptable. The Standard also states “The determination of locality names and boundaries shall comply with relevant jurisdictional legislation, policies and guidelines”. This means that if the NZGB considers a dual name to be appropriate, then that would override the ANZ 4819 Addressing Standard.

Hydrographic • Miranda and Miranda Hot Springs are not listed in the Admiralty Sailing Considerations Directions but Miranda is named on Chart NZ 533 (1999). • There would not be any maritime safety issues if Miranda was altered.

Consultation with • OTS consulted with iwi with customary interests in the area including iwi and others Waikato-Tainui and their hapu Ngāti Tamaoho, Ngāti Whanaunga and informed other Hauraki iwi. Waikato-Tainui and Hauraki Collective support the proposal for altering Miranda to a dual name Pūkorokoro / Miranda (refer to supporting information in the proposal). • OTS also consulted with Waikato District Council and Hauraki District Council who both support the proposal for altering Miranda to a dual name Pūkorokoro / Miranda (refer to supporting information in the proposal). However the Councils were not asked for their views on changing the locality name of Miranda Hot Springs as OTS and the proposers thought this name was for the hot springs not a locality. • The proposer has consulted with Miranda Naturalists’ Trust, who stated that: “In August 2012 we became aware of the deep seated grievance felt by Ngati Paoa at the fact this local district is officially known as Miranda… In February 2013 we approached Ngati Paoa with a proposal to add Pukorokoro to our name - thus becoming the Pukorokoro Miranda Naturalists' Trust. We stressed that we were not in a position to consider dropping Miranda from our name, as we have had a long standing international profile associated with that name. We did however, consider that adding Pukorokoro was something we could, and should, do. Through our quarterly magazine we informed our membership (c 700 people) of this proposal and have received overwhelmingly positive feedback. We still however, need to present a motion to our AGM in May this year before we can officially proceed, but at this stage we are confident the name change will be ratified.” • Te Puni Kōkiri (TPK) has confirmed that Ngāti Pāoa are and have mana whenua over the area.

9 Land Information New Zealand. 2014. Search Electoral Places . Retrieved from http://www.linz.govt.nz/property- addressing/address-street-data/searchplaces, 22 May 2014

16 July 2014 Page 7 of 8 Linzone ID A1789530 Spelling/Orthograp • Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori has confirmed that the orthography of hy, including Te Pūkorokoro is correct. Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori (Māori Language Commission) advice on Māori names

Media • Media attention to date has been positive. A newspaper article was published in 2013 (listed under supporting information) after Hauraki District Council (HDC) received a letter from the Minister for Treaty of Waitangi Negotiations about altering the name Miranda. The article stated that the HDC agreed to support the name change. • Altering the names may be contentious with local people and might generate further media attention.

1. Proposal from OTS received 5 March 2014 2. Supporting information – evidence of consultation with Miranda Naturalists’ Trust 3. Leader article regarding request from Hauraki Iwi to alter Miranda 5 December 2013

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