H5638 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 b 1745 United States Armed Forces against (2) APPLICABILITY OF OTHER REQUIRE- those responsible for the recent at- MENTS.—Nothing in this resolution AFTER RECESS tacks launched against the United supercedes any requirement of the War Pow- The recess having expired, the House States; ers Resolution. was called to order by the Speaker pro The joint resolution shall be consid- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- tempore (Mr. SHIMKUS) at 5 o’clock and ered as read; the previous question tleman from Illinois (Mr. HYDE) and 45 minutes p.m. shall be considered as ordered on the the gentleman from California (Mr. LANTOS) each will control 21⁄2 hours. f joint resolution to final passage with- out intervening motion except, one, 5 The Chair recognizes the gentleman COMMUNICATION FROM THE hours of debate on the joint resolution, from Illinois (Mr. HYDE). CLERK OF THE HOUSE equally divided and controlled by the GENERAL LEAVE The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be- chairman and ranking minority mem- Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani- fore the House the following commu- ber of the Committee on International mous consent that all Members may nication from the Clerk of the House of Relations; and two, one motion to re- have 5 legislative days in which to re- Representatives: commit; and, upon passage of the joint vise and extend their remarks and in- OFFICE OF THE CLERK, resolution, the House shall be consid- clude extraneous material on the legis- HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, ered to have passed Senate Joint Reso- lation under consideration. Washington, DC, September 14, 2001. lution 23. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Hon. J. DENNIS HASTERT, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the gen- The Speaker, House of Representatives, objection to the request of the gen- tleman from Illinois? Washington, DC. tleman from Florida? There was no objection. DEAR MR. SPEAKER: Pursuant to the per- There was no objection. Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased mission granted in Clause 2(h) of Rule II of Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to to yield such time as he may consume the Rules of the U.S. House of Representa- the previous order of the House, I call tives, the Clerk received the following mes- to the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. sage from the Secretary of the Senate on up the joint resolution (H.J. Res. 64) to HASTERT), the distinguished Speaker of September 14, 2001 at 3:37 p.m. authorize the use of United States the House of Representatives. That the Senate passed without amend- Armed Forces against those respon- Mr. HASTERT. Mr. Speaker, I thank ment H.R. 2888. sible for the recent attacks launched the gentleman from Illinois for yield- With best wishes, I am against the United States, and ask for ing time to me. Sincerely, its immediate consideration in the Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this JEFF TRANDAHL, House. resolution, which authorizes the Presi- Clerk of the House. The Clerk read the title of the joint dent to use all force necessary to bring f resolution. to justice those nations, operations, The text of H.J. Res. 64 is as follows: ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER and people responsible for the cowardly H.J. RES. 64 PRO TEMPORE act that was perpetrated upon this Na- Whereas, on September 11, 2001, acts of tion on September 11, 2001. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- treacherous violence were committed The Constitution of the United ant to clause 4 of rule I, the Chair de- against the United States and its citizens; States, the document that protects the and sires to announce that the Speaker freedoms of all Americans, gives the signed the following enrolled bills dur- Whereas, such acts render it both nec- essary and appropriate that the United Congress certain responsibilities. Arti- ing the recess today: States exercise its rights to self-defense and cle 1, Section 8 of the Constitution says H.R. 2133, to establish a commission to protect United States citizens both at the Congress shall have power to pro- for the purpose of encouraging and pro- home and abroad; and vide for the common defense and the viding for the commemoration of the Whereas, in light of the threat to the na- power to declare war. 50th anniversary of the Supreme Court tional security and foreign policy of the Earlier today, the Congress exercised United States posed by these grave acts of decision in Brown v. Board of Edu- its responsibility to provide for the cation; violence; and Whereas, such acts continue to pose an un- common defense by passing the supple- H.R. 2882, to provide for the expedited usual and extraordinary threat to the na- mental spending legislation. Now we payment of certain benefits for a pub- tional security and foreign policy of the give the President the congressional lic safety officer who was killed or suf- United States; and authority to use all necessary force to fered a catastrophic injury as a direct Whereas, the President has authority bring to justice those who attacked our and proximate result of a personal in- under the Constitution to take action to deter and prevent acts of international ter- Nation. jury sustained in the line of duty in This is the most solemn responsi- connection with the terrorist attacks rorism against the United States: Now, therefore, be it bility that this Congress can under- of September 11, 2001; Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep- take. We do not do so gladly or with a H.R. 2888, 2001 Emergency Supple- resentatives of the United States of America in bitter sense of revenge. We do so be- mental Appropriations Act for recov- Congress assembled, cause we must in order to preserve ery from and response to terrorist at- SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. freedom and democracy in this Nation. tacks on the United States. This joint resolution may be cited as the These are the times that try men’s ‘‘Authorization for Use of Military Force’’. souls. On September 11, we lost thou- f SEC. 2. AUTHORIZATION FOR USE OF UNITED sands of people, with thousands more AUTHORIZING USE OF UNITED STATES ARMED FORCES. (a) IN GENERAL.—That the President is au- injured, and with two symbols of the STATES ARMED FORCES thorized to use all necessary and appropriate strength and vitality of our democracy, AGAINST THOSE RESPONSIBLE force against those nations, organizations, or the World Trade Center and the Pen- FOR RECENT ATTACKS AGAINST persons he determines planned, authorized, tagon, destroyed or badly damaged. THE UNITED STATES committed, or aided the terrorist attacks A sworn enemy that dares not con- Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, at that occurred on September 11, 2001, or har- front us in the open attacked us in the bored such organizations or persons, in order this historic moment when Congress to prevent any further acts of international most cowardly way, by targeting inno- and the American people stand united terrorism against the United States by such cent citizens of this great Nation. This behind the President, our Commander nations, organizations or persons. enemy operates in the shadows, hates in Chief, as America prepares to re- (b) WAR POWERS RESOLUTION REQUIRE- with an unnatural passion, and prac- claim its security and punish the mur- MENTS.— tices political fanaticism that glorifies derers who struck our Nation this (1) SPECIFIC STATUTORY AUTHORIZATION.— violent death and condemns innocent week, I ask unanimous consent that it Consistent with section 8(a)(1) of the War life. Powers Resolution, the Congress declares shall be in order at any time without that this section is intended to constitute For too long, this enemy has been intervention of any point of order to specific statutory authorization within the protected and supported and sheltered consider in the House, House Joint meaning of section 5(b) of the War Powers by rogue nations. The friends of our en- Resolution 64, to authorize the use of Resolution. emies are also our enemies, and they

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 06:12 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.066 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5639 will bear equal responsibility. We must No creed which revels in the slaugh- terrorism. It will enable him, in the defend our Nation. We must defeat ter of innocents can be included in the words of our Secretary of State, to these enemies once and for all. We human community. No cause which eradicate terrorism, ‘‘root and must eliminate the scourge of ter- aligns itself with evil can be allowed to branch.’’ rorism. exist among us. Toleration of such The President currently has many This will be the great challenge for things not only invites our own de- powers to deter and prevent inter- our generation. It may take years. It struction, it is a mortal sin. national terrorism, including diplo- may cost additional lives. It may re- Those who hate us believe that a free matic pressure, economic measures, quire greater sacrifices for our citizens. people cannot defend themselves. They military action to stop imminent But great challenges have made us assure themselves that we will falter in threats to the people of the United stronger in the past. On July 4, 1776, the difficult task before us. Our self- States. Our resolution arms the Presi- our Founding Fathers decided to chal- proclaimed enemies will seize upon any dent with the certain knowledge that lenge tyranny. After we won our free- weakness of resolve on our part. As he has the full support of the united dom, we constructed the world’s great- long as they believe that there are divi- Congress and the American people in est constitution, and created a stable, sions among us, as long as they expect exercising these powers. thriving democracy. our course of action to be indecisive b 1800 We faced dark days when our Nation and incomplete, they will have hope of was torn asunder in the Civil War, and success. In considering this resolution, Mr. we came together after that war be- We must deny them that hope. Our Speaker, the historic nature of this oc- tween the States to become the savior forefathers, who won our liberty, be- casion cannot be overstated. Precious of Europe in the First World War. queathed it to us in the knowledge that few times in our 225 years as a Nation The empire of Japan deliberately at- to keep it we would have to prove our- have we been faced with such a grave tacked us on December 7, 1941, and we selves worthy of it. They were con- and momentous decision. One need emerged as the greatest defender of the fident that we would not shrink from only look at the devastation, the bro- free world. the measures necessary to defend it. ken bodies, the flood of tears left in the We faced down communism in a pain- All who have gone before us, all who wake of Tuesday’s monstrous terrorist ful Cold War and emerged as the have given their lives for their country attacks to grasp the awesome responsi- world’s sole superpower. bility before us. Now, after this greatest of American are witnesses to us here today. That is why I ask my colleagues to put aside Mr. Speaker, the world is watching tragedies that we have faced here on these deliberations and is asking: Is American soil, we face the greatest of our differences and move beyond rhet- oric and now act. the United States up to the challenge? challenges. Are we, as a Nation, blessed for so I am comforted by the work of the During the Civil War, Abraham Lin- much of our history with peace and President and his team. They are as- coln reminded his countrymen of their prosperity, capable of mounting a cost- sembling a worldwide coalition of civ- responsibility with these words: ‘‘We ly and concerted campaign against ilized nations. These nations look to cannot escape history. The fiery trial international terror? Let us today an- the United States for leadership, and through which we pass will light us swer those doubts with a resounding af- they want to join us in this great cru- down, in honor or dishonor, to the lat- firmation. sade. We will provide that leadership. est generation.’’ We have a job to do in this Congress, It is a profound thing that a free peo- In committing to this fight, let us and this authorization for the use of ple go to war. That is why we, the Na- not delude ourselves. We are embark- force is an important part of that re- tion’s elected representatives assemble ing on a long and difficult struggle, sponsibility. in Congress, meet today, for we share like none other in our Nation’s history. I ask my colleagues to vote for this with the President the responsibility It will demand resolve. It will demand authorization and to join with me in for ensuring that our country is pro- patience. It will demand sacrifice. It supporting our President, in supporting tected, that our people remain safe. will also demand that we draw upon our Constitution, and in supporting the Therefore, we as Members of Con- the strength of each and every Amer- American way of life. gress now have a duty to perform. We ican. Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I yield my- must grant the President the fullest I am deeply concerned, Mr. Speaker, self such time as I may consume. authority to employ all of the re- by reports of violence directed at Arab- Mr. Speaker, this is a fateful moment sources of the United States, to make Americans and Muslim-Americans, in our Nation’s history and in the his- war on our enemy, to destroy their some in my own district. This is not a tory of this Chamber. Once again, we ability to harm us and to defend our clash of civilizations or a war between have been awakened to the reality that beloved country. the Western and the Islamic world, as we have mortal enemies. They do not In an earlier hour of trial for our Na- some would have it. It is a struggle for desire compromise. They are not inter- tion, Julia Ward Howe was inspired to the survival of civilization itself ested in negotiation. Our suffering does write the words that became known as against barbarism. not give them human pause. Indeed, the Battle Hymn of the Republic. We In this struggle, Mr. Speaker, we are they celebrated. They do not seek our ask God once again to ‘‘loose the faith- not alone. All Americans deeply appre- mere defeat. They are intent on our de- ful lightning of his terrible swift ciate the many expressions of sym- struction. sword’’ against the enemies of our pathy and support from our friends and The demonic horror of these delib- country and of mankind. allies across the globe. We trust that erate attacks remains inconceivable, America has always triumphed over these words will be followed by ac- but we have no choice except to accept her enemies; and with God’s help, we tions—actions that may prove painful, that it is real nonetheless. Our en- will do so again. costly and dangerous. But in the fight emies’ message was stark and inescap- Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of against international terrorism, there able. They will make war on all of us my time. can be no neutrals. Those who are not wherever we exist for as long as we Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield with us are against us. exist. myself such time as I may consume. Today’s debate is a sign of the unity The orchestrators would not have or- I rise in strong support of this resolu- and vitality of our democracy. All dered these actions if they did not be- tion. among us are united in our outrage by lieve that they themselves would sur- This week our Nation lost its inno- the tragic events of this week. All vive, that they would celebrate in tri- cence but found a new sense of unity among us are united in our commit- umph. I fear they have judged our fail- and purpose. We now face a severe test, ment to defeat international terrorism. ure to render justice for their past one demanding severe measures. The On this we stand undivided and indivis- atrocities as weakness and as an invi- resolution before us empowers the ible. If we are to defeat international tation to even greater assaults. We President to bring to bear the full force terrorism, as we must, we must provide must correct this misperception, not of American power abroad in our strug- our commander in chief with the power with words but with acts. gle against the scourge of international this resolution entails.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:34 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.068 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5640 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 In granting the President this power, and the political pressure to respond prevent this from happening again to Congress is not abdicating its preroga- immediately limits our choices. The save the lives of Americans. tives. We do not weaken our role by ap- proposed resolution is the only option The use of force that we authorize proving this measure. By signaling our we are offered, and doing nothing is un- today must be used swiftly and surely solidarity with the President and by thinkable. and smartly. It has been said that this trusting him with this power, we take There are a couple of serious points I force should be used ferociously. And our place at his side as full partners in would like to make. For the critics of that is a strong word but an appro- this fight. our policy of foreign intervention in priate word under these circumstances. The President has a solemn responsi- the affairs of others, the attack on New We need to punish the perpetrators of bility to use this power wisely and to York and Washington was not a sur- this terrorist activity. We must pre- consult with and report to the Con- prise, and many have warned of its in- vent a recurrence, and we must protect gress throughout the long struggle evitability. It so far has been inappro- Americans. ahead. We in Congress also have an on- priate to ask why the U.S. was the tar- It may be we do not need to grant going responsibility: to contribute to get and not some other Western coun- this authority. Under the War Powers these efforts, monitoring the crisis, in- try. But for us to pursue a war against Act, the President has the ability to vestigating its causes, gathering expert our enemies, it is crucial to understand use force when America is attacked, as insights, and doing all in our power to why we were attacked, which will then we have been this week. But it is good ensure that these terrible events are tell us by whom we were attacked. for Congress to add our voice of sup- never repeated. Without this knowledge, striking out port and to specifically grant this au- Mr. Speaker, I am an American not at six or eight or 10 countries will not thority to the President. by birth but by choice. Following the help. We must be targeted and accurate. Second World War, I fled my native Without this knowledge, striking out at six or We must spare innocent civilians, but Hungary for the United States, the eight or even ten different countries could well we must act and act firmly. We must land of the free and the home of the expand this war of which we wanted no part. also be ready to use diplomacy, to brave. I chose to become a citizen of Without defining the enemy there is no way to build a worldwide coalition to combat terrorism, to lead the charge, to unite the Nation that saved my homeland know our precise goal nor to know when the the democratic governments that op- and the entire world from inter- war is over. Inadvertent or casual acceptance pose terrorism and those authoritarian national fascism and, later, from inter- of civilian deaths as part of this war I’m certain governments that also oppose ter- national communism. Today, I proudly will prolong the agony and increase the rorism. We need to provide that leader- reaffirm my allegiance and reenlist in chances of even more American casualties. ship. This is our opportunity. the new struggle to save this Nation We must guard against this if at all possible. We need to make sure that we fight Too often over the last several decades we and the world from international ter- the terrorists and not the Islamic rorism. have supported both sides of many wars only world. Most of the Islamic world agrees I have never been prouder to serve in to find ourselves needlessly entrenched in with us in opposition to terrorism. If the United States Congress than I have conflicts unrelated to our national security. It is we are creative and sensible, this can during this week. The many words spo- not unheard of that the weapons and support be the beginning of the end of inter- ken on the floor of this Chamber echo we send to foreign nations have ended up national terrorism. the world over and testify to America’s being used against us. The current crisis may Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am hon- resilience in the face of adversity. All well be another example of such a mishap. ored to yield 1 minute to the gen- of my colleagues who join this debate Although we now must fight to preserve our tleman from Florida (Mr. DIAZ- do honor to this institution and to the national security, we should not forget that the BALART), a distinguished member of American people, whom we all serve. founders of this great nation advised that for the Committee on Rules. But the time for words has passed, our own sake we should stay out of entangling Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Speaker, and the time for action is alliances and the affairs of other nations. this great Nation is a Nation made upon us. We must now make our rhet- We are placing tremendous trust in our from many origins but with a national oric reality. We must now stand united President to pursue our enemies as our com- identity and a national cohesion, a na- in word and in deed, and we shall not mander-in-chief but Congress must remain tionhood, which is almost unprece- flinch in the face of terror. Let us go vigilant as to not allow our civil liberties here dented in the history of the world. Yet forth, certain in our knowledge that at home to be eroded. The temptation will be American patriotism is not threat- should we cast this courageous vote. great to sacrifice our freedoms for what may ening to others. Americans seek to do We shall prevail. seem to be more security. We must resist this no harm to the rest of the world. Quite Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of temptation. the contrary. Repeatedly, Americans my time. Mr. Speaker we must rally behind our Presi- have gone to the aid of others whose Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased dent, pray for him to make wise decisions, and sovereignty and freedom have been to yield 1 minute to the learned gen- hope that this crisis is resolved a lot sooner kidnapped by tyrants. tleman from Texas (Mr. PAUL), but than is now anticipated. America is a peaceful and free Na- would like to first congratulate the Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am tion; and we intend to pass on that distinguished minority leader of this pleased to yield 2 minutes to our dis- peace and freedom to our children so committee, the gentleman from Cali- tinguished colleague, the gentleman that they, in turn, may bequeath it to fornia (Mr. LANTOS), for his usual su- from Pennsylvania (Mr. HOEFFEL). their children. perb remarks. Mr. HOEFFEL. Mr. Speaker, I thank America is free and secure because Mr. PAUL. Mr. Speaker, I thank the the gentleman for yielding me this each generation has made certain to chairman for yielding me this time. time. preserve our freedom and our security Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this Mr. Speaker, it is very appropriate for the next generation. There can be resolution. Sadly, we find ourselves for this Congress to be granting spe- no freedom without security, just as today dealing with a responsibility to cific authority to the President to use security without freedom is the essence provide national security under the all necessary and appropriate force of dictatorship, something that this most difficult of circumstances. To de- against the terrorists that attacked Nation, thanks be to God, has never clare war against a group that is not a America this week and against those known and will never know. country makes the clear declaration of that harbored the terrorists. It is im- It is now this generation’s turn, Mr. war more complex. portant, I believe, to note that this Speaker, this generation’s responsi- The best tool the framers of the Con- grant of authority and this purpose of bility to preserve freedom and security stitution provided under these cir- force is to prevent any future acts of for our posterity, and our commander cumstances was the power of Congress international terrorism against the in chief, our Armed Forces, and this to grant letters of mark and reprisal in United States. In other words, we are entire Nation will not fail. order to narrow the retaliation to only not just engaging in an act of retalia- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am the guilty parties. The complexity of tion or revenge, as satisfying as that pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gen- the issue, the vagueness of the enemy, will be, but we are taking action to tleman from Oregon (Mr.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:34 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.071 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5641 BLUMENAUER), a distinguished member kind and must be resolved on the building to those people in those na- of the Committee on International Re- grandest scale. tions that yearn for them and do not lations. Our Nation will not cower from this have them. Mr. BLUMENAUER. Mr. Speaker, I fight. We will march into the lion’s den I wish our President well. I wish our thank the gentleman for yielding me and slay this pride. No mistake about armed services well in this effort, and I this time. it, we are fighting for our lives and ask the American people for their un- Last Tuesday, war was declared, not livelihoods and we will prevail. derstanding in the complex nature of just on the United States but on civ- To say it in a way that perhaps the force we are authorizing here ilized people everywhere. The Amer- Osama bin Laden might understand today. ican people were instantly united and and other terrorist groups, I ask them Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 resolved around this challenge. This to hear me tonight. We are coming minute to the distinguished gentleman resolution this evening is another step after them and the fury of hell is com- from Ohio (Mr. BOEHNER). in the long struggle for the American ing with us. Mr. BOEHNER. Mr. Speaker, until people to see that their Nation’s lead- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 tonight the most important vote that I ership is equal to this challenge. minutes to the gentleman from Cali- had cast as a Member of this body was While I am one who believes that the fornia (Mr. GEORGE MILLER), the rank- the vote that I cast in 1991 to support American President has these powers ing member of the Committee on Edu- then President George Bush in our Gulf and more, there is a chance here to cation and the Workforce. War. Now we are at another grave mo- jointly define the challenge. There is Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California. ment of decision for our Nation. an opportunity for Congress and the Mr. Speaker, the other night I had the This is a tragedy of unspeakable pro- administration, people in both parties, honor of joining you at the prayer serv- portions. We grieve for all of those who to be very clear about what our chal- ice in the rotunda of this great build- have been affected by this horror. lenge is and what we are going to do. ing, this great monument, this beacon After Abraham Lincoln was assas- Our Nation has never quite under- of our democracy and our freedoms to sinated, Melville wrote a poem that ex- taken this issue in quite the same way. the world. As I sat there, I thought presses as best we can the force of our We can avoid the problems of the past. about the fact that this building may emotion in the wake of this horror. He We saw in the Spanish-American War very well have been a target on that wrote, ‘‘There is a sobbing of the we had the wrong cause for the wrong sad day. strong, and a pall upon the land. But war. During World War II, we saw our As I looked around, I thought what a the people in their weeping bare the government commit, sadly, acts tragedy it would be if this building had iron hand. Beware the people weeping against the civil liberties of Japanese- been leveled by that terrorist act. Then when they bare the iron hand.’’ American citizens. I think we have I thought more as I listened to those The cowards who planned and exe- learned from those experiences in the who spoke so eloquently from both cuted the attack and any state that past. sides of the aisle and our religious lead- harbors them should be aware and be- I am hopeful this resolution will be ers. I thought it is really not about ware of our iron hand, because they the first step for more direct actions buildings. It is really not about monu- will pay. that will be inclusive, inclusive here on ments. It is about the American people. As a Congress we will lock arms, we Capitol Hill, inclusive of citizens The action that was taken by these will rally behind our President and we around the country, inclusive with our terrorists against the American people will confront terror as one, because friends and allies abroad, and, indeed, must be responded to and it must be re- freedom will prevail. with some countries with whom we sponded to with resolution in a most Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 may not have the warmest of relations; comprehensive fashion. It cannot be a minute to the gentleman from Florida but we are all united in this effort to symbolic act. It cannot be a one-time (Mr. DAVIS). protect the rights of many men and action. It must be comprehensive. We Mr. DAVIS of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I women in civilized countries every- must be diligent and the American peo- rise in strong support of this resolution where. ple must be patient. authorizing the President to use mili- I hope this is a beginning of an effort This is very difficult and it is very tary force against those responsible for to show that we Americans are equal different than the forces of power we the horrific acts committed on Tues- to the challenge and that we are going have authorized in the past where day of this week. to lead it in a way that is going to help many times enemies were clear. Here Mr. President, we are wholeheartedly spare other people around the world there are subtleties and complexities entrusting you with the most powerful from the terror of these dark and sin- and organizational complexes that defy military the world has ever known. We ister forces. much of our thinking. We will have are doing so because we trust him to some successes and we will have some use this force with certainty, with b 1815 failures. But we must do this because swiftness, with judiciousness, and firm- Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 we must understand that the enemy ly, to make it perfectly clear that this minute to the distinguished gentleman here made a conscious and intentional country and the world will not tolerate from Georgia (Mr. NORWOOD). decision to slaughter innocent people. again what happened on Tuesday. (Mr. NORWOOD asked and was given They put people randomly, randomly Mr. President, I want to encourage permission to revise and extend his re- in harm’s way and killed them in a you to continue to work closely with marks.) most arbitrary of fashions, in a manner Congress. This is not just your travails Mr. NORWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I rise which overwhelmed our senses and you face. These are our travails. These tonight to fully endorse and authorize stunned our Nation. We must under- are the travails of the entire country. the use of force as directed by the stand we have an obligation to the Mr. President, we will work together President of this great Nation. American people to take that action. with you to help you succeed because Now is the time to lead the most ex- I would hope as we do that, the peo- your success will be our success as a tensive campaign again terrorism this ple in this country would have patience country. world has ever seen, to annihilate with one another; that they would rec- There are Members of Congress, Dem- those sources of hatred and terror, to ognize that when the airplane slammed ocrat and Republican, who are anxious break any nation assisting them in into those buildings, it killed Muslims to work with you to address the very their efforts, to cleanse the Earth of and Christians and Jews and Asians difficult details in terms of the mili- this entire breed. and Italians and Irish and all the rest. tary issues, the diplomatic issues, the Mr. President, no matter where we It killed the landscape of the American economic issues, the judicial issues we have to go, no matter how long we society. When we do this, we must un- all face as we launch into this new have to fight, we are prepared to fulfill derstand that we cannot lose that na- stage in fighting terrorism. our duty to generations to come, for tional character, which is truly our lib- Mr. President, we support you this them to live in a world free of ter- erties and freedoms that are the bea- evening, and we look forward to con- rorism. Our mission is of the grandest con, the light that goes out from this tinuing to work closely with you.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:34 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.073 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5642 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER The second was that our only real attack against America, some of those The SPEAKER. The Chair would ad- safeguard against those kinds of acts, attacks will be successful. We must de- vise all Members to address the Chair no matter how much we might attempt mand that the Taliban government and not the President directly. with funding of our efforts to see that hand Osama bin Laden and his hench- Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 they never occur, our only true safe- men over to us now and stop harboring minute to the gentleman from Virginia guard was to make certain that the terrorists. If they refuse, then we must (Mr. CANTOR). people who planned, who perpetrated, initiate hostilities. We will prevail by Mr. CANTOR. Mr. Speaker, I rise who helped finance, who sheltered aligning ourselves with the Northern today in support of this resolution. On those who did any of those things, paid Alliance. Hostilities with the Taliban Tuesday, unspeakable acts of violence such an incredible price that they may involve American casualties, but were committed against innocent would not be willing to disrupt the failure to act will involve thousands Americans. As we mourn the loss of freedom of the United States of Amer- and tens of thousands of American cas- these Americans, we stand united be- ica. ualties. hind our President. I send my condo- This resolution ensures that the b 1830 lences to the families that are suf- President has the support of the Con- fering. gress as he does everything possible to Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am very I am inspired by those who have see that that price would be paid. It is pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- given of themselves to assist the vic- a price that must be paid. We must guished gentleman from Alabama (Mr. tims of this attack. Civilized society move forward. I urge my colleagues to CALLAHAN). has long sought to end the use of vio- vote for the resolution. (Mr. CALLAHAN asked and was lence, but the perpetrators of terrorism Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 given permission to revise and extend and states that harbor them are the en- minutes to the gentleman from Cali- his remarks.) emies of civilized society. They only fornia (Mr. SHERMAN), a distinguished Mr. CALLAHAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise understand the use of force, and the member of the Committee on Inter- in support of the authorization for the time has come to speak to them on national Relations. use of military force. There are no their terms. (Mr. SHERMAN asked and was given words to describe the anguish we and Today we will authorize the United permission to revise and extend his re- all Americans feel. Our national spirit States to strike out against this marks.) has been dampened but not extin- enemy. It will be a determined effort, Mr. SHERMAN. Mr. Speaker I thank guished by the despicable acts of Sep- sustained over time with the full sup- the gentleman for yielding me this tember 11. President Bush has reas- port and resources of this Nation. Let time. sured Americans that while those who our enemies know that we stand to- Mr. Speaker, in certain foreign cities detest freedom may destroy brick and gether, one Nation under God, prepared there were those who danced in the mortar and even take the lives of inno- to pay the price to bring terrorism to streets believing that the terrorists’ cents, they cannot destroy the Amer- its knees, the price of freedom. ican will. We can take comfort and Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 ability to kill thousands of American confidence in our national resolve and minute to the gentlewoman from the civilians showed the terrorists’ strength. America’s strength is not our depend on that to help us overcome District of Columbia (Ms. NORTON). Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, I have al- ability to kill civilians, but our great this temporary setback. ways opposed the wholesale use of our strength is that we do everything pos- Clearly, we must rally around our mighty military power except with a sible to avoid killing civilians. President. We must support his efforts scalpel. However, I have always as- We must remember that our conflict and make crystal clear the fact that sumed that my country would never be is not with Islam and not with Mus- the American people are united and attacked where we live and that my lims. The last three military cam- resolute that we will take a stand constituents and neighbors would paigns of the United States were to against attacks on our sovereignty and never be innocent victims. protect Muslim people in Bosnia, in that we will avenge this grievous act. Mr. Speaker, the language before us Kosovo and in Kuwait. It is an American characteristic to is limited only by the slim anchor of For years we have urged our allies to unify in times of crisis. It is important its September 11 reference, but allows join us in curtailing investments and to stand behind our President by au- war against any and all prospective aid to countries that support ter- thorizing the use of military force persons and entities. This resolution rorism. Now we must insist that they against those forces of evil. I am com- shows that the challenges presented by join us in this effort. Those who claim forted to know that this body will pass terrorism as war have already begun to be America’s friends can no longer this use of force resolution, probably with language before there is any ac- do business as usual with countries unanimously, later today. tion. that support terrorism, nor can we I am sure that the entire membership The point is to give the President the allow European bank secrecy laws to of this body joins me in praying for authority to do what he has to do, not stand in our way of tracing the money God to guide us and our President. whatever he wants to do. But the truth that was spent on this horrendous ac- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am is that under our Constitution and ex- tion. pleased to yield 11⁄2 minutes to my val- isting law, when the country is at- We must wage a war against all of ued colleague, the gentlewoman from tacked, the President’s power is almost the well-organized, well-financed ter- California (Ms. LEE), a member of the limitless. rorist groups who have dedicated them- Committee on International Relations. In supporting his constitutional au- selves to killing Americans. Chief Ms. LEE. Mr. Speaker, I want to thority to protect our great country, among this group is the one headed by thank our ranking member and my Congress must remain vigilant to en- Osama bin Laden. He is probably re- friend for yielding time. sure that his power is always sufficient sponsible for the atrocities of Sep- Mr. Speaker, I rise today really with but never unchecked. tember 11, and certainly responsible for a very heavy heart, one that is filled Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 the attack on the USS Cole in Yemen with sorrow for the families and the minute to the gentleman from Missouri and the attack on our embassies in loved ones who were killed and injured (Mr. BLUNT). East Africa. As long as the Taliban this week. Only the most foolish and Mr. BLUNT. Mr. Speaker, as I lis- government in Afghanistan harbors the most callous would not understand tened the other day to my colleagues Osama bin Laden, he will be working the grief that has really gripped our respond on their own, away from this every day to top the evil of September people and millions across the world. building, to what had happened, I no- 11. This unspeakable act on the United ticed two overriding themes. One was Mr. Speaker, it is easy to blame our States has forced me, however, to rely in a free society that stands as a sym- intelligence agencies for what hap- on my moral compass, my conscience, bol for freedom of the world, we are pened, but as long as we have allowed and my God for direction. September 11 uniquely open to the kind of cowardly Osama bin Laden and others to sit changed the world. Our deepest fears acts that happened this week. there in safety, launching attack after now haunt us. Yet I am convinced that

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:34 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.076 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5643 military action will not prevent fur- gressional leaders and would be inter- tary force, to track down bin Laden ther acts of international terrorism preted by those who have utter disdain and destroy his organization. But this against the United States. This is a for our country, for our institutions, is not just about bin Laden. There are very complex and complicated matter. and for our people as a failure of re- other radical groups that engage in ter- This resolution will pass, although solve and the ultimate sign of weak- rorism, including Hezbollah, Hamas, Is- we all know that the President can ness. lamic Jihad. To win the war against wage a war even without it. However Our enemies, whoever and wherever terrorism, we must eliminate the en- difficult this vote may be, some of us they are, and those who harbor them, tire infrastructure that sustains these must urge the use of restraint. Our must clearly understand that we will organizations. This will involve getting country is in a state of mourning. never tolerate the acts of terrorism, tough with governments that aid and Some of us must say, let us step back acts of war, that have been perpetrated harbor terrorists. for a moment. Let us just pause for a upon us and they must understand that Syria allows Hezbollah to operate minute and think through the implica- there is no escape from American jus- freely in southern Lebanon. Iran re- tions of our actions today so that this tice. cently hosted a terrorist summit and does not spiral out of control. Inaction is capitulation. Of one thing routinely provides arms and ammuni- I have agonized over this vote, but I I am certain, we as Americans will tion and other assistance to Hezbollah came to grips with it today and I came never capitulate to terrorism or to any and other radical groups. Bin Laden is to grips with opposing this resolution interest that looks to destroy our Na- a guest of the Taliban regime. The sui- during the very painful yet very beau- tion. There comes a time when action cide bombers of Islamic Jihad and tiful memorial service. As a member of and force become an absolute neces- Hamas are nurtured by the Palestinian the clergy so eloquently said, ‘‘As we sity. The families of those who died in Authority. act, let us not become the evil that we this unspeakable horror, mothers, fa- The time has come for these and deplore.’’ thers, children, old and young, deserve other governments to make a funda- Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to know that they did not die in vain. mental choice: Will they continue to to yield 1 minute to the gentleman From this day forward we are a wiser, support those responsible for taking from Indiana (Mr. KERNS). changed people, stronger, more united, the lives of thousands of innocent men, (Mr. KERNS asked and was given firm in our commitment to our govern- women, and children? Or will they real- permission to revise and extend his re- ment, our country, our freedom, and to ize the error of their ways and end marks.) justice. Fear must not be allowed to their financing, the facilitating, the Mr. KERNS. I thank the gentleman rule us. harboring of terrorists and their orga- from Illinois for yielding time. God bless America. nizational infrastructures and their Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased state-sponsored incitement of terrorist support of this resolution to use force. to yield 1 minute to the learned gen- attacks? For if they choose to continue Earlier this week, war was declared tleman from Georgia (Mr. ISAKSON). their present course, they are not on America. Out of the horror and car- Mr. ISAKSON. I thank the distin- states of concern, they are not rogue nage, America has risen united, re- guished chairman for yielding time. states, they are America’s enemies. solved to bring justice to all those re- Mr. Speaker, the book of Ecclesiastes I applaud the administration’s efforts sponsible for this evil act. The resolu- tells us that for everything there is a to assemble an international coalition tion before us today authorizes the use time; a time for love, a time for hate. to fight terrorism. We have a real op- of force against those who planned, au- On Tuesday morning, an expression portunity to make the world safer for thorized, committed or aided the dead- of hate, unbelievable and unparalleled freedom and democracy. liest attack ever on U.S. soil. in all of our lifetimes, took place as Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased While I strongly support today’s res- Americans were used as instruments to yield 1 minute to the distinguished olution in response to the specific at- against Americans in a horrible toll of gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. TAU- tacks that occurred on September 11, I life and tragedy. On behalf of the sixth ZIN). believe that we will have to take addi- district of the State of Georgia and the Mr. TAUZIN. Mr. Speaker, this is the tional action to address future threats. United States of America, I rise in sup- second time in my tenure in this body This must only be the beginning of a port of a resolution to give our Presi- that we are called upon to vote to com- comprehensive war on terrorism. dent the full authority to respond and mit the sons and daughters in the uni- In 1795, British statesman Edmund act to this act of hate and violence. form of this country to war, to put Burke said, ‘‘All that is necessary for Mr. Speaker, the last thing I did be- their lives on the line for this country evil to triumph is for good men to do fore I walked to this Chamber was to again, and this is indeed a profound nothing.’’ The same holds true today. call Brandi Unger, 13 years old, in moment in the history of this Cham- The free nations of the world must Roswell, Georgia, to thank her for the ber. seize this opportunity and work to- letter she sent to me and the President We should ask ourselves carefully gether to end the evil of terrorism. As and the handful of dollars she raised why we do this. Do we do it just in the rock of freedom in the world, this past week to help America to fight anger, just for revenge? No greater au- America must lead the charge. this evil. thority than St. Thomas Aquinas Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am Mr. Speaker, when my father’s gen- taught me as a young lad the meaning pleased to yield 1 minute to the gentle- eration, America’s greatest generation, and the understanding, the definition woman from California (Mrs. fought and defeated the evil of the of self-defense. Our greatest duty under NAPOLITANO), a distinguished member 1940s, they did it for us; and we have the Constitution is to protect and de- of the Committee on International Re- enjoyed peace and prosperity. Today, fend the citizens of this country from lations. we do it for the Brandi Ungers of the all enemies, both foreign and domestic. Mrs. NAPOLITANO. Mr. Speaker, I next generation, for a free, a safe It is for that reason we rise in support thank my good friend for yielding America. of this resolution. time, and I join my colleagues in sup- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am We have literally in this world al- port of this resolution authorizing the pleased to yield 11⁄2 minutes to the gen- lowed terrorism to exist too long. We use of military force. Our American tleman from California (Mr. BERMAN), have been on the defensive too long. We public and the free world look to us a valued senior member of the Com- have taken too many body blows. It is today for leadership and swift action. mittee on International Relations. time civilized man goes on the offen- We cannot and we will not fail them. Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in sive. The sheer horror of the events that support of this resolution. There are Today, we go on the offensive. And transpired in New York and the Pen- many facets of it, but I would only like we commit our sons and daughters to tagon are unprecedented in our history to focus on one. We know the hijackers that enormous chore. This week, a re- and they demand strong, decisive and had ties to Osama bin Laden and his al porter caught a citizen in New York deliberate action. Anything less is an Qaeda organization. We must do what- taking dust off a car and putting it abrogation of our responsibility as con- ever it takes, including the use of mili- into a jar and he asked, ‘‘Is that your

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:34 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.081 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5644 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 car?’’ The citizen said, ‘‘No. These are Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am de- our Nation, will be called upon to sac- my friends. We have lost our friends.’’ lighted to yield 3 minutes to the gen- rifice still more. This battle will be It is time to put an end to this mad- tleman from Missouri (Mr. SKELTON), long and difficult, and it will require ness. the ranking member of the Committee concerted resolve from all Americans. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am on Armed Services. For us in Congress, we must continue pleased to yield 11⁄2 minutes to the dis- (Mr. SKELTON asked and was given to work with the President, recog- tinguished gentleman from Texas (Mr. permission to revise and extend his re- nizing that the actions of the weeks HINOJOSA). marks.) and months ahead will require both Mr. HINOJOSA. Mr. Speaker, I rise Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, it is fit- branches of government to execute in strong support of this resolution. ting on this national day of mourning their constitutional duties. We must War has been declared on this country. and remembrance that we take the improve our intelligence capabilities Today we must answer. Without warn- first steps in healing our Nation and and assess the ability of our govern- ing or provocation on September 11, a bringing those responsible for Tues- ment to respond to unthinkable possi- deliberate attack was launched, using day’s heinous acts to justice. We have bilities. After Tuesday, we know we hijacked planes with innocent Amer- condemned the unspeakable aggression must think about them strategically ican civilians to kill other innocent visited upon our cities, we have united and thoroughly. American civilians and military per- the Nation behind the great symbol of Mr. Speaker, let us stand together sonnel. our American flag, and we have appro- and pass this resolution. Unlike the terrorists who attacked priated emergency funds to help States Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased the innocent, our response will be and communities to respond and to re- to yield such time as she may consume against the guilty. The U.S. Constitu- build. to the gentlewoman from New Jersey tion carefully divides the power to Now we face the hard task of going (Mrs. ROUKEMA). wage war between Congress and the forward, of responding soberly and de- (Mrs. ROUKEMA asked and was President. I am confident that the res- liberately, but with great focus and given permission to revise and extend olution before us today strikes the ap- conviction, and with the full strength her remarks.) Mrs. ROUKEMA. Mr. Speaker, I rise propriate balance between the Presi- and righteous fury of the United States in strong support of the resolution, so dent and Congress. It gives the Presi- Armed Forces. In this, we are in un- that, in the words of Lincoln, ‘‘this Na- dent flexibility as Commander in Chief chartered territory. While we have tion, of the people, by the people and to conduct military operations as he fought great aggression before, our for the people, shall not perish from sees fit, but it also requires the Presi- means of authorizing action today fit the Earth.’’ dent to consult and report to Congress. only imperfectly. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of H. It retains the important 60-day limit When Congress responded to Frank- Res. 64—a resolution authorizing the use of on military action without further con- lin Roosevelt’s call in 1941 by declaring the armed forces of the United States against gressional approval. war against the Japanese Empire, it those responsible for this week’s attack on our Make no mistake, this Congress and could do so with full knowledge. We knew who had attacked us. We knew American homeland. the American people are committed to Our community has been devastated. Fami- that we would fight against another seeing this war through to the end. We lies in each and every town, village and bor- sovereign nation in a traditional war realize that we are in for a long fight, ough in northern New Jersey are in pain. We that would involve the full range of our but Congress needs to take seriously pray for them and promise that we will do all military forces. We knew what victory its responsibility to authorize the con- in our power to find the villains who per- would mean, and we were committed to tinued use of force and not give up its petrated this crime against them, against our meeting that goal and we did. rights to the President. Our Founding nation, and against the free people of the Fathers created this separation of pow- The current circumstances leave us with great uncertainty. We do not yet world. ers for an important reason, and their We must be firm. Our investigation must be know who committed these unspeak- ideals have served us well for the last quick and retaliation must be certain. 230 years. able acts or where we may find them, Yes, this is retaliation. Today, we join together in a day of we do not know the scale and scope of But these are not singularly the objectives of mourning and remembrance for those what bringing the perpetrators to jus- our use of force. The defense of our democ- we have lost. We pledge our best effort tice may mean, and we do not know racy—and our loyal hardworking citizens. The to hunt down those responsible. We how long it may take. principle that we will stand tall for the world to owe no less to those whose blood has Yet there are some things we do see and defend the rule of law—our law and been shed again for the cause of free- know. We, the Congress, have a con- international law. dom. stitutional duty to partner with the And on the basis of these recognized stand- I urge my colleagues to support this President in undertaking military ac- ards supported by most governments—includ- resolution. tion. We fulfill that duty here with this ing many European, Asian and Muslim na- resolution. While our actions here may b 1845 tions—and every international group—the be imperfect, they are an essential first United Nations, NATO, the European Union— Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am hon- step to show the unity of our Nation as well. They are standing tall and supporting ored to yield 1 minute to the distin- behind our President and our commit- our defense of liberty and national sovereignty guished gentleman from California ment to stand with our Armed Forces. to ‘‘use all necessary and appropriate force (Mr. HUNTER). We also know that we will not be against nations, person or entities, as clearly Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Speaker, I thank alone. The world is behind us. Our defined in this Resolution. the gentleman for yielding me time. NATO allies, so long our partners and I stand in strong support of action and am Mr. Speaker, we are giving the Presi- friends, are all ready to stand with us. confident there will be overwhelming support— dent the power to conduct a war. We They have acted upon the principle if not a unanimous vote—for this resolution. need to also give him, along with that that many throughout the world have We must stand tall and firmly state—with power, the resources to conduct not come to realize, that an attack on one the hammer of force if necessary—to protect only a war that could take a short pe- peace-loving country is an attack upon innocent Americans. In the words of Lincoln riod of time, but a war that could be all. ‘‘that this nation—of the people, by the people, enduring. We also know that our response to for the people, shall not perish from the Right now, our military forces badly these attacks will require great sac- earth.’’ (Abraham Lincoln) need equipment, spare parts, munitions rifice. Our troops, who have long We must continue to work together to heal and intelligence resources to win this earned our respect and admiration, will each other and reaffirm the solidarity so many war. So along with this resolution, Mr. be called again into harm’s way and Americans have shown over the last few days. Speaker, let us resolve that, over the will need our unwavering support. Or- May God comfort those families who have coming months and years, we will give dinary Americans, already sacrificing been devastated by this atrocity. our troops and our commander in chief so much in the loss of those they love And may God bless the United States of what it takes to get the job done. and in their commitment to supporting America.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 05:55 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.083 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5645 Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased That is how we win this. This is how it: the cowardly terrorists responsible to yield 1 minute to the distinguished we should show the world that we are a for bringing harm to our American gentleman from Arizona (Mr. KOLBE). humane and democratic Nation. That family will be punished. Mr. KOLBE. Mr. Speaker, on Tues- is what gives us the moral high ground. A force resolution was presented to day, September 11, the United States That is what we need to do to help pre- Congress in 1991 which did not receive sustained, but heroically withstood, a vent future attacks. my support, for I felt the situation terrorist attack of unprecedented mag- Future attacks will not be prevented lacked the gravity required before we nitude. Make no mistake about it: this because terrorists fear our military. To put our men and women in uniform in was not only an attack committed kill them does not scare them. It is an harm’s way. Our borders were not at against this Nation as the leader of the honor for them to be killed. But for our risk of an invasion; our citizens were free world, but was also an assault democracy, it is important to rise not in imminent danger. against all of humanity, against our above their violent attacks and punish The tragic events of this week have very civilization as we know it. them with unquestionable moral supe- violated all these precepts. We must re- Today, the U.S. Congress will author- riority. That will vindicate our highest spond swiftly and with force against ize the use of force to repel this attack principles. those who maimed and killed innocent on the people of the United States. As Violence is reciprocal in nature. Americans, men, women and children. Mr. Speaker, I urge all of my col- we take this step, we should be con- Peace is also reciprocal. The direction leagues to vote to endorse this resolu- scious of the magnitude of the under- we take will speak volumes about our taking. This is not a resolution ex- tion. democracy. We must and will defend Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased pressing our outrage. It is nothing less our country, and we must and will pur- than a declaration of war. Success will to yield 1 minute to the learned gen- sue and arrest these criminals. We tleman from Alabama (Mr. BACHUS). be measured by eradicating the indi- must do so in a manner that upholds viduals and the networks of those re- Mr. BACHUS. Mr. Speaker, I thank democratic principles. the gentleman for yielding me time. sponsible for this act of war. Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am hon- Given the tactics that we know of Mr. Speaker, a formal authorization ored to yield 1 minute to the distin- for use of force now is just that, a for- terrorists, this task will be arduous guished gentleman from Texas (Mr. mality. We have now been in war and and difficult, but we can and we must SAM JOHNSON). have been since Tuesday morning. As be victorious. To all those who cherish (Mr. SAM JOHNSON of Texas asked Americans, we did not seek this war, freedom and democracy around the and was given permission to revise and but we will not shirk from defending world, let there be no doubt: your way extend his remarks.) our country. Let us go forth with con- of life, your aspirations for the future, Mr. SAM JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. fidence; let us go forth with resolve, to the security of your family, have also Speaker, America is strong, America is seek down these murderers, to destroy been attacked. The devastation in New united, and America will prevail over them, and to destroy their ability to York, Pennsylvania, and Washington is evil. The terrorist attacks against us repeat Tuesday’s dastardly attack. not limited to the United States. It have failed; and they have only made Our response must encompass not stretches to your countries, to your us more determined, more focused, only those who perpetrated the crime, streets, indeed to your homes. more resolute. but those who supported it, and all You too must stand and be counted in the Mr. Speaker, the President will, at those who have sheltered and provided fight against the perpetrators of this crime as the appropriate time, use the full force resources to these killers. In this, I am well as threats from other terrorist acts. After of the United States to stop those who confident all America is united. this authorization, Congress and the President are opposed to freedom and the Amer- May God be with us. will need to re-visit the threat of terrorism. We ican way of life. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am will have to develop a new comprehensive Do you remember our Declaration of pleased to yield 3 minutes to the gen- strategy to combat terrorism at home and Independence? ‘‘We mutually pledge to tleman from Maryland (Mr. HOYER), around the world. In that endeavor, we will each other our lives, our fortunes and the distinguished ranking member of prevail. Today’s legislation marks the begin- our sacred honor.’’ These words should our Committee on House Administra- ning of that effort. tion. Mr. Speaker, in this effort, we will remind anyone who tries to destroy our freedoms that Americans always stand Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, I thank prevail, and today’s legislation marks the ranking member for yielding me the beginning of that effort. together. Mr. Speaker, I fought in a couple of time. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am Mr. Speaker, centuries from now, wars myself; and this is a war, and I am pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- when future generations look back, ready to do it. That is why we remain guished gentleman from Ohio (Mr. they will see that September 11, 2001, the greatest, most powerful country on KUCINICH). was a day like no other in our history. Mr. KUCINICH. Mr. Speaker, I thank Earth. Let us go to war for freedom. A bright, late summer morning on our God bless America. the gentleman for yielding me time. Nation’s East Coast was shattered by Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am Mr. Speaker, whatever form of action unspeakable acts of war against all pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- we choose must reflect our democratic Americans and all freedom-loving peo- guished gentleman from Wisconsin principles and distinguish us from the ple. mentality of terrorists and destructive (Mr. KLECZKA). We fear that these cowardly attacks violence. Our actions must pursue a Mr. KLECZKA. Mr. Speaker, almost have claimed more than 5,000 innocent path towards reducing violence, not es- 60 years ago the United States suffered men, women and children, making this calating violence. Launching weapons massive casualties in a surprise attack the deadliest day ever on American of mass destruction or collateral at- on one of our military bases. On Tues- soil. tacks against innocent civilians would day, September 11, Americans were At Pearl Harbor, 2,300 perished; at be no different than the terror we al- forced to relive the terror of another Antietam, 4,000 fell in a day; and dur- ready have had brought upon us. An brutal and malicious attack on our ing our entire 8-year struggle for inde- eye-for-an-eye mentality is unaccept- citizens. pendence, 4,500 patriots gave their lives able. We are a Nation of civil and Then, just as now, our Nation rose up for freedom. moral values, and we must show the as one to respond to a horrific incident After the attack on Pearl Harbor, the world that. with steadfast determination to defend Japanese admiral who planned that These terrorist attacks were clearly ourselves and to find and punish the treachery remarked, ‘‘I fear all we have a crime against humanity. What does a aggressors. The resolution before us done is awaken a sleeping giant and democracy do to punish criminals? We gives the President authority to use all filled him with terrible resolve.’’ put them on trial. If found guilty, we necessary and appropriate force Mr. Speaker, our national resolve ex- imprison them. The U.S. military ac- against those nations, organizations or pressed in the resolution before us is tion should be centered on arresting persons he determines planned, author- equally determined, and those respon- the responsible parties and the Govern- ized, committed, or aided in these ter- sible for these depraved attacks have ment placing the suspects on trial. rorist attacks. Make no mistake about every reason to fear it.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:34 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.087 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5646 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 Under the authority granted by Arti- Their deaths cannot go unanswered, to adapt a new approach to win this war. But cle I of the Constitution, Congress has or more Americans will die the next I strongly support this resolution because declared war only 11 times. We do not time terrorists want to champion their America must stand up once and for all and make a formal declaration of war unjust cause at our expense. The state to the world: no one with the means and today. However, in fulfillment of our United States must respond with our the will to threaten the American people will constitutional duty and as con- full might and force to destroy these be tolerate—anywhere on the face of the templated under the War Powers Reso- terrorists and all who give them aid Earth. lution, Congress does today authorize and safe harbor. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am the President to use all necessary and Today, the House of Representatives pleased to yield 21⁄2 minutes to the gen- appropriate force against those na- will authorize the President of the tleman from California (Mr. SCHIFF), a tions, organizations or persons who United States to use the Armed Forces distinguished member of the Com- planned, authorized, committed or against those nations and organiza- mittee on International Relations. aided these horrific attacks. tions responsible for Tuesday’s destruc- Mr. SCHIFF. Mr. Speaker, tonight we b 1900 tion. Mr. Speaker, it is our responsi- authorize the President to use all nec- bility, our duty, to empower our Presi- essary and appropriate military force Importantly, Mr. Speaker, we also dent to act and act decisively. against any nation, organization or authorize the President to use all nec- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am person responsible for the terrible at- essary and appropriate force against pleased to yield such time as he may tacks of September 11, or anyone who those who have harbored such organi- consume to the gentleman from North harbors such individuals. Make no mis- zations and persons. Carolina (Mr. ETHERIDGE take; it is a broad delegation of author- A generation ago, one of this Na- ). (Mr. ETHERIDGE asked and was ity to make war on those who have at- tion’s greatest friends, whose mother given permission to revise and extend was an American herself, rallied free tacked us. We do not do so lightly or his remarks.) people against the darkness and de- without consideration for the weighty Mr. ETHERIDGE. Mr. Speaker, I rise spair descending on the European con- consequences of our act. in strong support of the resolution. On After the attacks of this week, many tinent. ‘‘You ask, what is our aim? I September 11 we lost more American Americans recalled Pearl Harbor. I can answer in one word. It is victory.’’ lives than on any single day in history. So said Winston Churchill. thought of the Battle of Britain and Victory is our aim today; not over Terrorism must be stopped around the Hitler’s indiscriminate bombings of nations or persons, but over terrorism. world. London, Churchill’s words still so pow- However long and hard the road may Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of this erfully resonant: ‘‘He hopes by killing be, we must cut out and destroy this resolution to approve the use of American mili- so many numbers of civilians and cancer which plagues civilized society. tary force in response of the attacks this week women and children that he will ter- When future generations of Ameri- on our Nation and her people. rorize and cow the people of this cans look back, let them see that we Earlier today, I joined with our civilian and mighty imperial city. Little does he answered this challenge with courage military leadership at the National Cathedral know the spirit of the British nation or and with unity. Let them see that we for the prayer service in mourning for the vic- the tough fiber of the Londoners who took decisive action that made the tims of Tuesday’s attacks. The Reverend Billy have been bred to value freedom above world safer for this generation and for Graham was absolutely correct to observe that their own lives.’’ generations to come, and let them see the assault that was meant to tear us apart So true of America. Little do these that September 11, 2001, a day like no has instead joined us together. Our Nation has petty tyrants and murderers know the other in our history, marked the turn- come together to grieve for the dead, the in- spirit of the American people or the ing point in the war on terrorism. jured and the missing, and we all weep at the tough fiber of the New Yorkers, our de- In bracing us for war some 60 years incomprehensible suffering that has been in- fense workers, or the civilians who ago, Roosevelt said, ‘‘With confidence flicted on the American family. This collective spared further casualties by taking in our armed force, with the mourning is a necessary and healthy process down the hijackers and their own plane unbounding determination of our peo- to help us recover as a people and face the over Pennsylvania. ple, we will gain the inevitable tri- difficult days ahead. The face of this tyrant is new and yet umph, so help us God.’’ But as the Scripture teaches us, ‘‘To every not so new. Like others before him, he Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased thing there is a season, and a time to every abhors a free society and democratic to yield 1 minute to the distinguished purpose under heaven.’’ The time to mourn institutions. He is willing to kill inno- gentleman from Delaware (Mr. CAS- will pass. And the time to act will come. cent men, women and children to fur- TLE). I support this resolution because America ther his perverse aims. There are no Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Speaker, I also rise must act. America must act deliberately and means too inhuman, no tactic too ap- in strong support for this resolution with decisive force to strike down the terrorist palling to further his end. He thinks we authorizing the use of military force enemy. American must act to protect our are weak because we do not tell our against those who attacked our Nation country from this new danger whose evil citizens what to think, how to act, on September 11, 2001. On this day of knows no bounds. America must act to elimi- whom to worship; because we tolerate national remembrance and mourning, nate the threat of terrorist attack on our people dissent. He does not realize this is our we must act to ensure that those who wherever that threat may exist. strength, and he has awoken the sleep- have lost their lives in these horrific I support this resolution because this Con- ing giant. acts of violence have not died in vain. gress must come together—Democrats and ‘‘What he has done,’’ as Churchill has Earlier today, we heard the words of Republicans alike—to stand side by side with said, ‘‘is to kindle a fire in hearts here our spiritual leaders reassuring us and our Nation’s Commander in Chief as he leads and all over the world which will glow giving us solace at this difficult time. our military into the most challenging cam- long after all traces of the conflagra- Now, as the Nation’s political leaders, paign we have ever faced. We must come to- tions he has caused have been re- we must act. gether on a bipartisan basis to support our moved.’’ We do so with the devastation of brave young men and women in uniform, What these petty tyrants do not un- these attacks fresh in our minds. New some of whom may not live to see our victory derstand and have never understood is York Mayor Giuliani reported that over this enemy. that for all of our rough-and-tumble nearly 5,000 people have been reported I support this resolution, but this Congress public discourse, we are one people, missing. At the Pentagon, over 100 are and the American people must understand under one President, and capable of dead or still missing. We must not for- that we are embarking on a very dangerous greater single-mindedness of purpose get those innocent people aboard the mission whose duration is unknown and than any repressive regime. planes, nearly 200 killed. If these esti- whose outcome is not foreordained. Our en- We will not relinquish our freedoms mates hold true, they would amount to emies in this war hide in the shadows and re- of speech, assembly, and religion, nor twice as many casualties as those suf- treat to the far reaches of the Earth. Our en- sacrifice our precious right of privacy fered in the Japanese attack on Pearl emies do not have the courage to face us in or way of life. ‘‘The price of freedom is Harbor. open combat so our military leaders will need high, and Americans have always paid

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:34 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.090 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5647 it,’’ President Kennedy said. We pay it ardly terrorists suffer the wrath of a Tuesday was the darkest day in still. determined Nation. American history. Our grief for the vic- This is the battle of America. The No one can perpetrate such devasta- tims knows no bounds. Our compassion enemy may be new, but the fight has tion on the United States of America for their families fills our hearts. Our always been the same. Our govern- and escape unscathed. To these blights pride in the rescuers, medical per- ment, our democracy, is premised on on humanity, let me say this: This Na- sonnel, and volunteers is endless. basic human freedoms, on the right of tion will hunt you down and we will In the aftermath of this terrible as- the governed to control their own na- find you, and when we do, we will hit sault, our Nation now faces tremen- tional destiny. The Civil War tested you once and, if we have to, again, and dous challenges. We have no greater whether any Nation so conceived could a third time. We make this oath to you challenge than to protect our citizens long endure. We have endured. We will today with a saddened heart, but with and our institutions against further go on, with growing confidence that we firm resolve. We will be victorious. acts of terrorism. Never before has our can fight terrorism wherever we find it Nothing less than our freedom depends Nation faced such an extraordinary and strengthened by the conviction on it. threat to our security and to our way that the generation of Americans now Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased of life. being tested will not falter or flag. to yield 2 minutes to the distinguished By passing this resolution, Congress Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased gentleman from California (Mr. stands united with the President in to yield 1 minute to the distinguished DREIER), the chairman of the Com- what may be a long and costly fight gentleman from Michigan (Mr. mittee on Rules. against these forces of darkness and KNOLLENBERG). (Mr. DREIER asked and was given evil. But make no mistake. We will Mr. KNOLLENBERG. Mr. Speaker, I permission to revise and extend his re- prevail. rise in very strong support of this joint marks.) b 1915 resolution authorizing the use of mili- Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, it now ap- tary force against those responsible for pears that Tuesday’s attacks will have Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased the September 11, 2001 terrorist acts taken over 5,000 of our friends, family, to yield 1 minute to the distinguished against our country. and neighbors. Five thousand inno- gentleman from Indiana (Mr. PENCE). We are about to make what, for most cents murdered because they were (Mr. PENCE asked and was given per- of us, will be the most important vote Americans. If this does not call for an mission to revise and extend his re- in our time as Members of Congress. American military action of some sort, marks.) Authorizing the use of force is a monu- then I do not know what does. We are Mr. PENCE. Mr. Speaker, at 10 a.m. mental event, and its significance talking about nearly double the num- on September 11, I stood on the east should not be minimized. This resolu- ber of people who were killed in Pearl lawn of the Capitol, smoke billowing tion is not about vengeance; it is about Harbor and, clearly, the largest mili- from the Pentagon behind the Capitol victory, it is about winning a war tary attack on American civilians in dome, F–16s coursing through the air. against an enemy that is actively seek- our Nation’s history. The Earth beneath my feet shook with ing to kill American citizens and de- A well-funded international terrorist a secondary explosion at the Pentagon. stroy our way of life. organization has declared war on us, I was filled, Mr. Speaker, with a deep We are not naive. The use of force and we can do no less than fight this and resolute anger that this would not has many risks, but we risk more by enemy as we would any Nation that stand; that America would respond. doing nothing. This resolution ac- had committed the same atrocities. That is altogether fitting. The butch- knowledges that the world is a dif- Whether it is tomorrow, next week, or ers who carried out these attacks see ferent place today, but we have the next month, we know that the only themselves as warriors, and it would be ability and the will to win a war message that these butchers will un- wrong of us to deal with them other- against terrorism. The security of derstand is a timely decisive show of wise. American lives requires us to succeed. American might. Our decision to take What they are about to learn is that I urge adoption of this resolution. action will not be made in haste. We America’s fighting men are the most Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am will pinpoint those responsible and powerful warriors in the history of the pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gen- make our judgment swift and effective. world. Tonight I will solemnly and tlewoman from Nevada (Ms. BERKLEY), This is not about revenge, Mr. Speak- with deep humility vote to give our a distinguished member of the Com- er. It is a means of ensuring that those President the power to use all nec- mittee on International Relations. who would wreak acts of terror upon essary and appropriate force to van- Ms. BERKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to the United States know the price of quish the enemies of our peace. May offer my strongest support for this res- their barbarity. America is the world’s God have mercy on their souls, because olution authorizing the President to symbol of freedom, of prosperity. The the United States of America will not. use all necessary and appropriate force idea that is America has been savagely Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am against those responsible for the ter- attacked, and we have an obligation to pleased to yield 1 minute to our distin- rorist attack of September 11, 2001. the world to defend the values we em- guished colleague, the gentlewoman Today I stand in solidarity with my body. from Hawaii (Mrs. MINK). colleagues, with the administration, Nations across the world have offered Mrs. MINK of Hawaii. Mr. Speaker, I and my countrymen in defending their condolences, their prayers, and thank the gentleman very much for America, in promising to seek justice pledges of logistical support should we yielding me time. and revenge on those who planned, au- choose to take military action. They Mr. Speaker, I served in the Congress thorized, committed or aided the vi- know that the next attack may not be during the heated debates about Presi- cious agents of evil who carried out New York or Washington, but Brussels dential powers during the war in Viet- these terrorist attacks. It is a war we or London. We have the responsibility nam. As a consequence of the differing are ready to wage; it is a war we must and the power to bring these terrorists opinions that were so heatedly fought win. to justice. on this floor, the War Powers Act was America stands ready to fight Mr. Speaker, the challenge has been enacted. It clarified specifically what against terrorism wherever it rears its issued and now it is up to us to decide the Presidential powers were, and to ugly head. Ours is not a war against a whether we will rise to the occasion. what extent the responsibility of the people or a religion, but it is a war Supporting the President is our duty to Congress was to review those actions against those that would enslave the the victims and to the world. taken by the President. minds of men and sow the seeds of hate Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am We are here today to authorize Presi- and fear. I am confident that those who pleased to yield 1 minute to the gentle- dent Bush to take such powers and cherish freedom will heed our call to woman from California (Mrs. CAPPS), such actions as may be necessary in join us in our fight against inter- my distinguished colleague. order to find a way to punish, to retali- national terrorism, and I am equally Mrs. CAPPS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in ate against those who caused all this confident that we will make these cow- strong support of this resolution. damage on the soil of America, and we

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:49 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.093 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5648 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 join the President in our eagerness to next necessary step, authorizing the Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am give him that authority. President to use all necessary force to pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- But I want to make sure that I un- prevent any further acts. guished gentleman from Texas Mr. derstand this resolution. I have read it Mr. Speaker, as I noted yesterday, BENTSEN. a dozen times over, because I want to Americans have always known that (Mr. BENTSEN asked and was given make sure that the War Powers Act freedom is not free. It often comes with permission to revise and extend his re- that we enacted right after the con- a tremendous cost, and often imposes a marks.) flagration in Vietnam is not in any tremendous responsibility. Throughout Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in way jeopardized. our history, Pearl Harbor, Gettysburg, strong support of this legislation ex- I think we have to call attention to from the founding of our constitutional tending to the President the authority those sections which say ‘‘Nothing in democracy, our citizens have always to take the steps necessary to respond this resolution supersedes the war pow- been willing to pay that price. We are against those persons, organizations or ers resolution.’’ On that basis, I sup- ready to pay that price, Mr. Speaker. nations responsible for the attacks port the passage of this resolution to- We will never forget the sacrifices of against America last Tuesday. night. all the victims of terror. We will honor I believe this authority fully com- Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, it is their sacrifices by waging and winning plies with Congress’ constitutional and my pleasure to yield 1 minute to the the war against terrorism. statutory authority in authorizing the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Sixty years ago, after he learned of use of force in the defense of the Na- PITTS), a member of the Committee. the attack on Pearl Harbor, Winston tion. It is necessary, I believe, to send Mr. PITTS. Mr. Speaker, we must Churchill quoted a remark made to a message loud and clear that the pass this resolution and give the Presi- him: ‘‘The United States is like a gi- President and the Congress of the dent all the power he needs to stop the gantic boiler. Once the fire is lighted United States are committed to em- slaughter of innocent Americans from under it, there is no limit to the power ploying the full resources of the Nation happening again. The evil men who or- we can generate. It will be generated.’’ to both respond and ensure that our ad- chestrated this attack have shown that Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am versaries who undertook and/or aided they will stop at nothing. Their goal is very pleased to yield 2 minutes to the in the attacks of September 11, 2001, to kill as many Americans as they can. distinguished gentleman from Texas will be held responsible and prevented If they ever get their hands on chem- (Mr. DELAY), the majority whip. from future atrocities against America. Mr. DELAY. Mr. Speaker, I thank the ical, biological, or even nuclear weap- Passage of this bill tonight will sig- gentleman for yielding time to me. ons, they will use them. Let no one nal to these ruthless forces that the Mr. Speaker, Members should sup- doubt it. We are at war, a war to save port this resolution because it affirms United States is fully committed and innocent Americans from the specter of the President’s authority to firmly di- has done so without compromising our grisly death by the weapons of mass de- rect America as we identify, isolate, Constitution, laws or ideals. While Sep- struction. and eliminate the networks of ter- tember 11, 2001, has caused great pain But it is not a war against Muslims rorism. This international network of and agony for the Nation, it has not or against Arabs. Many of our Arab and terror is a cancer growing on the heart and will not defeat our resolve or our Muslim Americans came to the United of every free Nation. commitment to freedom and democ- States to get away from the very same We must hand President Bush the racy. type of extremists as those who at- tools that he needs to defeat our en- The fight may be long, it may be tacked our country. In the past few emies. We must fortify our Armed tough and costly, but we will know days, my office has received an out- Forces with the certain knowledge that from tonight forward that it will be pouring of deeply sympathetic support a united America marches behind right. and condolences from people in many them, and we must convince our en- Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, it is Islamic countries around the world. emies that America will ultimately my pleasure to yield 1 minute to the As our great Nation pulls together, vindicate freedom, no matter how de- gentleman from Minnesota (Mr. KEN- let us be careful not to turn to hate or praved, twisted, or evil our enemy’s NEDY). stereotyping. Justice must and will be ideology may be. Mr. KENNEDY of Minnesota. Mr. carried out, but it will be against those We do not walk an easy road. Our Na- Speaker, I rise in strong support of this who deserve it, the savage radical ter- tion faces a long and demanding con- bill. President Kennedy once said in his rorists, not against our fellow Arab and flict with forces of determined evil, but inaugural address that: ‘‘In the long Muslim citizens and friends here and the fiber of our American spirit and the history of the world, only a few genera- around the world. strength of our faith will sustain us as tions of Americans have been granted In that spirit, I urge my colleagues we do what needs to be done to protect the role of defending freedom in its to pass this resolution unanimously. freedom and secure victory. hour of maximum danger. I do not Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am Every American should anticipate shirk from that responsibility. I wel- pleased to yield 1 minute to my distin- and prepare for a prolonged and sus- come it.’’ guished colleague, the gentlewoman tained campaign. They should under- We are once again called upon to de- from Florida (Mrs. MEEK). stand that this war will be measured in fend freedom in an hour of maximum (Mrs. MEEK of Florida asked and was years, not months. They should pre- danger. My son, Charles, in a recent given permission to revise and extend pare themselves for additional assaults college application essay, noted that her remarks.) at home. They should expect casualties Americans have always risen to the Mrs. MEEK of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I as we take the battle to our enemies. challenge, from settling this rugged thank the gentleman for yielding time But they should take pride and draw land and gaining independence until to me. confidence from the great reservoir of today. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support American patriotism and resolve. We Freedom again is challenged. We owe of the joint resolution. By passing this are made of sterner things than our en- it to my son, Charles, and all our chil- resolution we say, never again. We emies know. We will show the world dren to rise to this challenge so that stand shoulder to shoulder with Presi- that we retain the qualities that made they can live in a land where freedom dent Bush, our Commander in Chief, us the leader of the free world. We will is safe. firmly united in our resolve to identify do it by holding firm to our mission. We have a responsibility and we will and punish all nations who harbor ha- Deeds, not words, will save America not shirk from that responsibility. We tred to our country. and the free world. welcome it. Mr. Speaker, that is our highest When the President draws that sword It is my hope that, again quoting duty. This can be our finest hour. This of American justice, he needs to do it JFK, ‘‘The energy, the faith, the devo- afternoon this House took a major step with all of us standing right beside tion that we bring to this challenge toward winning this war when it unani- him. Mr. Speaker, this resolution ral- can light our country and all who serve mously passed the $40 billion emer- lies our Nation behind the President, it and the glow from that fire can truly gency supplemental. Now we take the and I ask the Members to support it. light the world.’’

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:49 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.120 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5649 Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am (Ms. WOOLSEY asked and was given Mr. SPRATT. Mr. Speaker, in a pleased to yield 1 minute to my distin- permission to revise and extend her re- strict sense, this resolution is not nec- guished colleague, the gentlewoman marks.) essary, because the Constitution makes from Florida (Ms. BROWN). Ms. WOOLSEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in the President commander in chief; and (Ms. BROWN of Florida asked and support of this resolution. as such, he has the power to strike was given permission to revise and ex- Like my constituents in Marin and back when our country is struck, as it tend her remarks.) Sonoma counties, I feel a combination was struck on September 11, and the Ms. BROWN of Florida. Mr. Speaker, of outrage and sorrow over Tuesday’s War Powers Act confirms that power. I rise today in support of this resolu- tragic events. I share my constituent’s Even though the President can re- tion. I would like to do so with cau- wide-ranging conflicting emotions taliate without this resolution, he is tion. This is a resolution that comes about what should come next. No doubt far stronger with it. This is our way of with a tremendous amount of responsi- the events of September 11 have saying that we are together in this bility. I support the President, but we changed us forever; but as I stated cause. We approve the mission. We are are treading on new grounds here Tuesday, our Nation’s response to one in our resolve. By this resolution, today. As my favorite scripture says, these attacks will also leave an indel- we say that unmistakably to the whole ‘‘To whom God has given much, much ible mark on the American people. world, friends and foe alike. is expected.’’ Let me repeat that. ‘‘To Yes, we are united in our disgust for On occasions in the past, we have whom God has given much, much is ex- the violence that was perpetrated in been aware of invoking the War Powers pected.’’ New York City and Washington, D.C., Act and becoming implicated in mili- On September 11, for the first time in against our democracy and against our tary actions we were not sure about. 175 years, the capital of the world’s freedoms. We know that we must bring But the world should note that in this greatest military power was attacked. those responsible for the attacks to instance we set such concerns aside This was a well-thought-out and orga- justice, but my constituents also ask, and give the President broadly the nized attack, and it demands a well-or- do we know what means are appro- power to use all necessary and appro- ganized and powerful response. priate to accomplish that? They are priate force. Members of this group that designed pleading with me and with you that we These words have large scope. We do this attack cannot go unpunished. Nor temper our absolute resolve with wis- not know for sure who the enemy is, can the Nations that trained, sup- dom. where he may be found, or who may be ported or gave them shelter. The harboring him. Congress is giving the b 1930 United States must deliver a swift and President the authority to act before immediate response to this horrible act Our conscience and our memory re- we have answers to these basic ques- against the people of this great Nation. minds us that a hasty response to tions because we cannot be paralyzed. God bless America Tuesday’s attacks, just for the sake of We need to answer this treacherous at- Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I yield retribution, could mean killing even tack upon our people on our soil, and 1 minute to the distinguished gentle- more innocent people. That is why my that is why we grant the President this woman from Ohio (Ms. PRYCE), a mem- constituents beg me and I beg this broad grant of authority. ber of our elected leadership. body, please, do not respond to evil We trust the President to use this au- Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I with evil. thority with care and, above all, to thank the gentleman from Nebraska Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I yield consult continually with Congress so for yielding me the time. 1 minute to the gentlewoman from that the partnership that exists now Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong and un- California (Mrs. BONO). will endure for the long fight that lies wavering support for this resolution, Mrs. BONO. I thank the gentleman ahead. We do not expect to huddle be- for the President and for our Nation. for yielding me this time. fore every play, but we do expect a seat The events of September 11 have left a Mr. Speaker, I rise in very strong at the table. We do expect to be advised scar on the United States of America, a support of this resolution. As sons and and heard as we prosecute what is sure scar that may never completely heal. daughters of what has been called the to be a long, hard mission. And part of us will always remain be- ‘‘Greatest Generation,’’ many of us Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am neath that rubble, but as we steady grew up in awe of those giants of the pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- ourselves, from deep within, we look 20th century, common citizens who guished gentleman from Indiana (Mr. toward the pursuit of security and jus- performed uncommon deeds of valor BUYER), a member of the Committee on tice. and gallantry that secured our Nation Armed Services. By enacting this resolution, we speak and the world’s freedom. We thought Mr. BUYER. Mr. Speaker, I rise in with one voice. We are united behind bravery of this kind was found only in support of this joint resolution be- our common cause and against our our history books and in the memories tween the Senate and the House. As I common foe. We should not take light- of our veterans. This week, our genera- have sat here and have witnessed my ly the great effort that we set in mo- tion confronts our own challenge, and colleagues, I have seen great resolve tion here today. Indeed, each of us it is a challenge of enormous con- uttered in this Chamber and the swag- must give pause in our hearts as we sequence. Now our generation will be gering display of courage. start the men and women of our Armed given the chance to rise to the occasion I can share with my colleagues, as a Forces down this path. and make the ‘‘Greatest Generation’’ veteran of the Gulf War, that war may But this pause, this reflection should proud. be glorious in verse or prose, but in re- not be mistaken for hesitation. Our re- We confront an enemy that is a ality it is not. We are about to send solve is undaunted. The attackers of threat to the civilized people of our America’s finest, and that means men September 11 meant to unleash fear times. Once our Nation rose to stave and women will die. It will be a noble and chaos. Instead, they unleashed our off tyranny. Now we must employ all cause, but we must remember the re- fury. our resources to stave off terror and fa- solve of this moment, because in war it Mr. Speaker, we do not blink in the naticism. We will answer this duty, and is chaotic. Not everything is going to face of this challenge. Our Nation rises we will not go quietly and softly into go right. We cannot be 400 and 500 gen- up, and when we clear away the dust the good night. erals between the House and the Sen- and the smoke, the world can be sure Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am ate. that the United States will shine on, pleased to yield 11⁄2 minutes to the gen- The solidarity and resolve we have at the brightest beacon of liberty and tleman from South Carolina (Mr. this moment we have to remember at freedom. SPRATT), the distinguished ranking times when it gets tough, when we Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am member of our Committee on the Budg- have to stand with a constituent in a pleased to yield 1 minute and 10 sec- et. lonely place at a burial service. We onds to my distinguished colleague, the (Mr. SPRATT asked and was given must make sure that we take care of gentlewoman from California (Ms. permission to revise and extend his re- the loved ones afterwards. And taking WOOLSEY). marks.) care of them means we resource them

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:49 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.105 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5650 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 and we are patient and we are in this fertile grounds for the development of Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am for the long haul. future terrorists. pleased to yield 1 minute to my distin- We cannot have the bravado of today We must develop a vision for Amer- guished colleague, the gentleman from and then run at the first sound of the ican involvement in the 21st century, California (Mr. BECERRA). guns. We have to stay the course and ‘‘for without a vision, the people will Mr. BECERRA. Mr. Speaker, 3 days see it through. Please, when it gets perish.’’ As President Reagan said, ago, on September 11, our Nation suf- hard, remember this day. ‘‘Great nations have responsibilities to fered a grave terrorist attack that Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am lead, and we should always be cautious challenged not just America but de- pleased to yield 11⁄2 minutes to my of those who would lower our profile, mocracy itself. Today, the American friend and colleague, the gentleman because they might just wind up low- family gathered in churches, mosques, from California (Mr. BACA). ering our flag.’’ and synagogues to remember and pray (Mr. BACA asked and was given per- If we are to thrive through this cen- for the victims of this unforgivable act. mission to revise and extend his re- tury, we must lead. For to whom much As generations before us, we will rise marks.) is given, much is required. as one Nation behind one flag to defeat Mr. BACA. Mr. Speaker, I rise in sup- This week’s attacks were an act of war a common enemy. It is with this unity port of this resolution to authorize the against the United States. When we determine of purpose that we consider this joint President to take necessary actions who is responsible our reaction must be resolution authorizing the use of all against terrorist nations, organizations strong, decisive, and sustained enough to necessary and appropriate force or persons. And in authorizing the stamp out this threat against our nation. This against those responsible for this bar- President this power, we must ensure resolution gives the President the authority he barous attack. My colleagues, today is that we protect innocent people and needs to conduct any operation that would only the beginning. This power we are nations and that we, as a Nation, do punish the group responsible for these attacks about to entrust in the President is es- not use this authority to go back in and any government who harbors these terror- sential to ensure that our Nation is time against innocent Americans. ists. able to eradicate a vile weed all the It is time to end this barbaric cow- Many people have discussed the symbolism way down to its roots. ardly act on our country and Nation. of these attacks. The only enduring meaning We too, as the elected representa- What happened on September 11 was of these attacks—planes crashing into build- tives of the men and women of Amer- clearly an act of war that has landed ings—is barbarism, cruelty and hate. ica, are responsible for the successful on our shores. It has touched the lives In the immediate future our task is clear. We prosecution of this endeavor. In the of our country and Nation and many must wipe out terrorism and all those who weeks and months ahead, we must act support it. Under the U.S. Constitution this individuals, individuals such as Cora and work as one with the President as body’s overriding responsibility is to protect Holland, mother of three and grand- he consults regularly with Congress the security of American citizens. We must go mother of two from my district; about the status and progress of our to whatever length is necessary to hunt down Rhonda Sue Rasmusen, who lost her great Nation’s efforts against those and destroy those responsible for these at- life at the Pentagon; Navy Yeoman who planned, perpetrated or were tacks. complicit in the infamy and inhu- Second Class Melissa Rose Barnes, who However, achieving this immediate goal is remains unaccounted for at the Pen- manity of September 11, 2001. only half the battle. We must begin with the Mr. Speaker, God speed to all of us as tagon, and many innocent civilians at long view in mind. We must also think now we prepare to undertake this dramatic the World Trade Center and the Pen- about how to shape the world so that another struggle to restore the peace and secu- tagon, as well as those who were on the terrorist network will not rise up to replace the rity we as Americans cherish. flights who were used to commit this one we will destroy. We must create the con- Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, it is evil horrible act. ditions for hope and opportunity in the coun- my pleasure to yield 1 minute to the We as a Nation will pull together and tries that are now fertile ground for the devel- distinguished gentleman from Virginia build our courage and strength for we opment of future terrorists. (Mr. GOODLATTE). are united and our faith will guide the We must develop a vision for American in- Mr. GOODLATTE. Mr. Speaker, I rise President and Congress in dealing with volvement in the 21st century, for ‘‘without a in strong support of this resolution au- this horrible act. When America is at- vision the people perish.’’ Without question or thorizing the use of force. The recent tacked, we respond with one voice, wealth and power make us the leader of the attacks on the World Trade Center and with the full force of our Nation. free world, but we must also lead the free the Pentagon leave our Nation horri- I urge support of this resolution. God world. fied and angry. Our hearts grieve for bless America. As President Reagan said, ‘‘Great nations the victims and for families who have Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am have responsibilities to lead, and we should lost loved ones to these acts of ter- pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- always be cautious of those who would lower rorism. But through this tragedy, we guished gentleman from Oklahoma our profile, because they might just wind up will see America at her finest. (Mr. LARGENT). lowering our flag.’’ The wave of patriotism rising across (Mr. LARGENT asked and was given If we are to thrive through this century we the Nation exposes a fierce determina- permission to revise and extend his re- must lead, ‘‘for to whom much is given much tion that we will not back down in the marks.) is required.’’ face of cowardly attacks. These at- Mr. LARGENT. Mr. Speaker, I rise in What this means for the coming battle is tacks are solemn reminders that there support of this resolution. In the im- that we must target terrorists and the state- are people who begrudge America for mediate future our task is clear: we structures that support them, not the citizens her stands for democracy and freedom. must wipe out terrorism and all those of nations who, in many cases, are already I fully support President Bush in his who support it. Under the U.S. Con- suffering under repressive regimes. pledge to hunt down those responsible stitution, this body’s overriding re- Our greatest asset in this immediate battle for these despicable actions and hold sponsibility is to protect the security against terrorism and the long-term fight to them accountable, and we must hold no of American citizens. We must go to shape a world that is safe for democracy is distinction for these despicable terror- whatever lengths are necessary to hunt the strength of our character. The rescue ists and the countries that protect down and destroy those responsible for workers in New York and Washington have them. these attacks. shown the world what we are made of. Their Mr. Speaker, may God bless America. However, achieving this immediate heroism has reminded me of the words on the Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am goal is only half the battle. We must Iwo Jima Memorial, ‘‘Uncommon valor was a pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- begin with the long view in mind. We common virtue.’’ guished gentleman from Wisconsin must also think now about how to The depth of evil expressed in Tuesday at- (Mr. KIND). shape the world so that another ter- tacks was extraordinary, but the love Ameri- (Mr. KIND asked and was given per- rorist network will not rise up to re- cans have for freedom and for one another is mission to revise and extend his re- place the one we will destroy. We must greater still, and we must spread it. Terrorists marks.) create the conditions for hope and op- may attack our structures but they will never Mr. KIND. Mr. Speaker, I too rise in portunity in the countries that are now dent our soul. support of this resolution. But of all

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:49 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.108 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5651 the important votes I have had to cast, country and our Armed Forces. Noth- men and women and people of this this one scares me the most because we ing in the resolution supersedes any re- country were destroyed by the acts of do not ultimately know the true mag- quirement of the War Powers Act. The these terrorists. nitude of this challenge or its true President has authority to respond I had a chance to go visit the Pen- cost. against those who perpetrated the acts tagon yesterday. I could see the civil- This is the beginning of a prolonged on September 11. ian agencies locally, nationally, our and lengthy fight against terrorism. I Under the resolution of force pending military working and singing from the am confident that we will win most of today, Congress will reserve the right same page. It is distressing to see that these battles, but we should anticipate to review the President’s plans and ac- many families lost their fathers, moth- losing some as well, as we did last tions. But make no mistake, this Con- ers, uncles and many families. Tuesday. This resolution is not about gress will stand behind our young men The best thing I can say to those ter- retaliation or revenge, this is a matter and women in uniform who may be put rorists is do not mess with the U.S.A. of self-defense. in harm’s way and we will stand with God bless America. Mr. Speaker, last Tuesday, our ship President Bush as Commander in Chief. I rise in support of the resolution, the first of state was hit. And while we will not I hope and pray the President will use step this Congress will take to exact retribution sink, we were bloodied on our own soil. the awesome force of the United States for the act of war committed upon this nation, Now it is time for all hands to be on with great deliberation and wisdom. striking at the heart of our financial and mili- deck, not just here in the United Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I yield tary centers and taking dead aim at our polit- States but amongst all the civilized na- 1 minute to the gentleman from Flor- ical center. tions in the world as we band together ida (Mr. PUTNAM). Let Congress’ message ring very loud to to defend ourselves against inter- Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Speaker, I rise those responsible for this act of war: we rec- national terrorism. today to give a speech I never imagined ognize it as such—and the people’s represent- Our President has requested this au- I would give; that of support for an au- atives respond in kind. thority, and he will get it. And may thorization of force, a 21st century dec- We have been hit hard, and we have lost God bless those men and women in uni- laration of war. family, friends, children, mothers, fathers, and form who will be asked to carry out As a member of a generation largely many dreams died. this task. shielded from the horrors of war, I ac- We lost our innocence to a large degree; Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am cept this responsibility with no small and the number of people we lost exceeds the pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- amount of respect and humility. casualties of Pearl Harbor. guished gentleman from Maryland (Mr. Today we undoubtedly will approve This resolution respects the Constitutional GILCHREST). the mobilization of our Nation’s sons power to declare war, the most awesome re- Mr. GILCHREST. Mr. Speaker, our and daughters to combat, to injury, sponsibility given to Congress. hearts go out to the hurt America now pain, sacrifice and death. There is no Since we have yet to discover definitive feels. For centuries, the international glory in our vote this evening, only proof of all those responsible—including na- civilized community has been plagued duty. tions which gave Osama bin Laden safe har- by three fundamental enemies: igno- We have a solemn duty to protect our bor—we must give the administration the au- rance, arrogance and dogma. America’s shores, our countrymen, and our lib- thority to pursue these international criminals solution for the long-term defeat of erties. We step away from the rhetoric until we have the information we need to de- these enemies is to replace ignorance this dark September night to commit clare war. with knowledge, arrogance with humil- ourselves to a national sacrifice with I have seen the morale of the emergency ity, and dogma with tolerance. this vote to a sustained commitment of workers at the Pentagon and seen the looks lives, liberties, and provisions nec- of grim determination on the faces of those b 1945 essary to preserve those things we here who work there every day. Sometimes, as now, in the short term subscribe. They are now helping clean up the mess a terrible swift sword is also necessary. Many of the men and women in the and recover the bodies of their comrades in America now recalls the words of service of our Nation are in the spring- arms. Franklin Roosevelt 60 years ago when time of their lives. But to many in my Their morale is very high he said, ‘‘This generation has a ren- generation, Pearl Harbor was an exam The morale of the nation is very high. dezvous with destiny.’’ question, Korea a backdrop for a TV This is a hard decision for Congress to We defeated evil then. We will defeat rerun, and Vietnam a blurry scene cob- make—usually. evil now. Our generation has accepted bled together by Hollywood and an Today the decision is not so difficult. a rendezvous with this destiny; and oldies radio station. To many Ameri- These terrorists brought their destruction to that is to rid the world of these cans, the Gulf War seemed like a sus- bear inside our borders. plagues. tained video game writ large in ticker As the Ranking Democrat on the Armed Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 tape parades, precision bombs, and talk Services Readiness Subcommittee, let me minute to the gentleman from Oregon of future bloodless wars. offer my advice to my colleagues. (Mr. DEFAZIO). Mr. Speaker, the future is here and We must not telegraph our punches. Mr. DEFAZIO. Mr. Speaker, the this war is bloody indeed. Our Nation is Here’s what that means: we don’t tell the senseless human tragedy caused by the ready. Our forces are prepared. The enemy how we will conduct our campaign, nor craven terrorist acts of September 11, public is supportive and Congress what kind of force to expect. 2001 weigh heavily on our minds and stands together as one. Godspeed to the It will be swift, overwhelming and deadly, will do so for days, months, and years President and God bless America. but let that be all we tell bin Laden and his to come. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 bunch. Many have said our Nation will never minute to the distinguished gentleman Let us give our military the money they be the same. I agree. Our Nation is from Texas (Mr. ORTIZ). need and send them to do what they do best: stronger, more united, more proud (Mr. ORTIZ asked and was given per- fight and win wars. than possibly any time in our history. mission to revise and extend his re- Our armed services have some of the most The outpouring of grief and support marks.) talented people in the nation, capable of doing both here and around the world has Mr. ORTIZ. Mr. Speaker, I stand in whatever mission we need done. been comforting. The terrorists may strong support of this resolution. Most importantly, let them utilize the ele- have collapsed our buildings, but in re- There is no question that we are ment of surprise, which, as we all know is a sponse, we are building a stronger strongly united. I have been in this brutally effective part of the arsenal. America. House for almost 20 years, and I have Finally, a word to the people who per- America is based on a Constitution not seen so much unity, not only petrated this act of war. and our laws. Under Section 2(c)(3) of among the House Members, but I want to explain to you why your efforts to the War Powers Act, the President al- throughout this great country. damage our nation—or undermine our democ- ready has the ability to use the mili- We have to realize that 2 days ago, racy—are futile. tary to respond to an attack upon our the dreams and hopes of many young We are a nation of laws, not people.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:49 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.111 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5652 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 It is our ideas and our commitment to lib- and proud and march forward to battle tary action within the parameters of erties and democracy that bind us together those who threaten our way of life? the Constitution and the War Powers under our Constitution. With this resolution, we have answered Act, as this resolution provides. We Washington is not where the power is; that the question. must punish those heinous acts of power lies with the people of this nation. We will answer senseless slaughter Tuesday, acts as close to absolute evil Nothing illustrates that better than on Tues- with the necessary aggression to bring as any of us will ever witness, and we day when the House Call Center redirected all about its end. We will answer wanton must prevent anything like this from incoming House calls to our district offices, killing with the belief that we are right ever happening again—rooting out ter- scattered across the country when we evacu- in our belief and our love for freedom. rorism even as we renew our Nation’s ated. We will answer hatred with the deter- commitment to alleviating the world’s Our meeting place here in this building is mination to preserve humanity. It will suffering and injustice and serving as a where we come to do the people’s business, be a long and difficult struggle. But beacon of hope to all humankind. but we are temporary employees of the people with the passage of this resolution, let Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I yield who elect us. no one doubt our firmness in defending 1 minute to the gentleman from Ala- If a member of our government is lost, an- ourselves. bama (Mr. RILEY), a distinguished other is elected. We are a united Congress. We are a member of the Committee on Armed Our power is in the people who populate united government. We are a united Services. this nation, and the ideas that bind us to- people. We will succeed. I support this Mr. RILEY. Mr. Speaker, there are gether. resolution and ask my colleagues to defining moments in each of our lives. Your power is in hate and wealth. support it. There are also defining moments in the We will win. Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I yield life of a nation. September 11 was one The last thing you will see is the mighty 1 minute to the gentleman from Illi- of these defining moments. That was power of the United States military. nois (Mr. SHIMKUS) with whom I share the moment our Nation remembered May God—and Allah—have mercy on your pride in having been an officer in the the sacrifice of our fathers and under- soul, and on all who harbor you. United States Army in the past. stood our responsibility to our chil- Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I yield dren. At that moment, our Nation was 1 minute to the distinguished gen- (Mr. SHIMKUS asked and was given permission to revise and extend his re- galvanized by what it means to be an tleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. American. And now this resolution will ENGLISH.) marks.) Mr. SHIMKUS. Mr. Speaker, as a show those who supported this act of (Mr. ENGLISH asked and was given hate the full meaning of American re- permission to revise and extend his re- former active duty Army officer and current reservist, the day I have most solve. marks.) Mr. Speaker, I offer my full support Mr. ENGLISH. Mr. Speaker, Psalm 71 dreaded is here. With this resolution my military colleagues, my West Point of this resolution and to the destruc- says, ‘‘Bring to a shameful end those tion of evil wherever it resides in this who attack me. Cover with contempt classmates, my friends, will go into battle and some will pay the ultimate world. and scorn those who seek my ruin.’’ Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 11⁄2 sacrifice with their lives. On Tuesday, September 11, war was minutes to the gentlewoman from Cali- Our Founding Fathers understood declared on the United States without fornia (Ms. WATERS). provocation. Tonight we rise to accept this as they pledged their lives, their (Ms. WATERS asked and was given that challenge which we did not seek, fortune, and their sacred honor. permission to revise and extend her re- but to which we respond with resolu- Mr. Speaker, at the Pentagon yester- marks.) tion. We are prepared to defend our day, a young lieutenant from the Old Ms. WATERS. Mr. Speaker, I rise soil, our institutions and our peaceful Guard asked me, ‘‘Are we going to go with a great deal of uncertainty and communities. get them, sir?’’ apprehension. We did not seek this conflict, but we I was mistaken when I said, ‘‘Yes, we To the President of the United stand fully prepared to finish it and re- are.’’ I should have said, ‘‘Yes, you States, I will be asked by my constitu- store justice and peace. To do this, we will.’’ ents did we give you the power to de- are prepared to place in the hands of What a sobering responsibility to clare war? Many in this Congress will our leadership the full power and re- send our young men and women into argue that we are not giving you the sources of the U.S. military and the au- battle. To our Nation I say stand firm, power to declare war. Others will argue thority to challenge the evil that has do not waiver, see it through. To my that we are giving you the power to do descended this week upon our Nation, colleagues I say, stand firm, do not anything from assassinate an indi- wherever it may hide. waiver, see it through. May God bless vidual, to declare war on an entire We as a Nation have not bent in the America. country. face of adversity, but we have bristled Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 Mr. President, I am going to vote yes at the challenge to our freedoms. We minute to the gentleman from North on this resolution because I believe the cannot allow this challenge to go unan- Carolina (Mr. PRICE). terrorist acts of September 11, 2001 swered. (Mr. PRICE of North Carolina asked were in fact a declaration of war I urge my colleagues to fully support, and was given permission to revise and against the United States of America. without qualification, the President extend his remarks.) However, I vote yes with great reserva- and the men and women in uniform as Mr. PRICE of North Carolina. Mr. tions. the men and women of our Armed Speaker, I stand in support of this res- To be honest, Mr. President, I do not Forces prepare to defend our liberty, olution. Tuesday’s terrorist attacks know what this means. The language of knowing that we realize we are asking are unparalleled in our history, costing this resolution can be interpreted in them to sacrifice much and are con- thousands of lives in one terrible day, different ways. fident that they are up to this daunting more than the carnage at Antietam, Mr. President, you have the awesome task. more than Pearl Harbor. This was a responsibility of leading this Nation Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 carefully planned and skillfully exe- and making the best possible decisions minute to the distinguished gentleman cuted act of war; and we must answer for the people of this country. Mr. from Arizona (Mr. PASTOR). it with unity and resolve, apprehending President, do not misuse this author- (Mr. PASTOR asked and was given and punishing those responsible, and ity. Mr. President, do not abuse this permission to revise and extend his re- any who harbored them or gave them awesome power. Mr. President, I plead marks.) aid. with you to use this authority with Mr. PASTOR. Mr. Speaker, Ameri- In responding as swiftly and surely as great care and great wisdom. cans are now standing at the cross- our military might permits, we must Mr. President, with this power, the roads of history. We must rise to the do our utmost to protect innocent ci- decisions you will make will determine challenge. vilians, a principle that stands in stark the future of this Nation and perhaps Will we scurry back to where we contrast to the practice of our brutal the world. May God bless you with re- came, or will we hold our heads high adversaries. We must carry out mili- straint and compassion to make wise

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 04:49 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A14SE7.024 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5653 decisions, and may God have mercy on this measure, one is reaffirming one’s support out and build international support. We must your soul if you do not understand the for our nation, our President, our military lead- spare no efforts to seek the full support and awesome power that you have been af- ership, and expressing our collective outrage cooperation of allies, as well as friend and foe forded by the Members of Congress who and defiance on behalf of the thousands of in the Arab world. This effort will certainly re- are placing our trust in you on behalf American families that have been torn apart. quire an unprecedented level of diplomatic co- of the American people. In this respect, this is an easy decision. But, hesion and demonstration of political sensi- ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER as Members of Congress, we do not have the tivity. Failure to gain the support and coopera- The SPEAKER. The Chair advises luxury of reacting solely on emotion. tion of the international community will surely Members that all remarks should be Ultimately, the weight of this awesome re- limit our effectiveness and expose this nation addressed to the Chair. sponsibility and the consequences of this deci- to grave dangers. We can ill afford to become Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I yield sion falls on each of us. Thus, we as mem- isolated in this pursuit. 1 minute to the gentleman from Vir- bers of this institution, are required to divorce As a nation, America has slumbered in the ginia (Mr. WOLF). ourselves from the emotions, consider the in- naive belief inherent in our decisive military (Mr. WOLF asked and was given per- terests of our nation, and to give serious con- might, superior technology and the safe labor mission to revise and extend his re- sideration to the very real prospects, or one provided by the great expanse of open ocean. marks.) might say, the inevitable consequences of our Heretofore, we have been afforded the luxury Mr. WOLF. Mr. Speaker, I rise in sup- choice. One cannot avoid the probability that of remaining unsoiled by the dirty business of port of this resolution authorizing the the action we consider here tonight will likely hatred so common in a majority of the world use of force against those responsible bring additional loss of American life. As such, today. On Tuesday, we were rudely awak- for the acts. I wanted to be here to be the exercise of this Constitutional obligation is ened, our naive sense of security shattered by part of history, to make sure I was never easy, regardless of the relative merits or the ugly realities of terror. there when this took place. personal convictions with respect to the We did not choose this course of our own I have no eloquent words to say to- course prescribed. volition, but having seen evil’s face we must night like so many others than to say Moreover, tonight each Member has the ad- be resolved to join the fight with everything we this: I want us to pray for the Presi- ditional burden of knowing that in approving can muster. dent; to pray for our leaders on both this measure we are not only responding to I stand in support of this resolution. May we sides of the aisle; to pray for those in this action, but we will be embracing a monu- proceed wisely. the Cabinet who are going to be part of mental change in U.S. policy. With this resolu- Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am this decisionmaking; to pray for the tion, we declare that we will no longer draw pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- military because few, if any, of us will any distinctions, limiting our response to those guished gentleman from Georgia (Mr. actually go into combat; to pray for individuals who materially participate in an act BARR). the men and women who go into com- of hatred and cowardice against the United Mr. BARR of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, I bat; to pray for wisdom, protection, States and its citizens. We are clearly at a thank the gentleman from Nebraska and guidance; and lastly, to pray for point of demarcation in U.S. foreign policy. for yielding time. our country. From this point forward, we say to the world, Mr. Speaker, I support this resolu- choose sides. Either you join us in the singular tion. I support this legislation. How- b 2000 purpose of rooting out and destroying these ever, we ought to be here this evening Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am de- merchants of fear and networks of hate, or we debating a declaration of war. Some- lighted to yield 1 minute to my good will regard you as a co-conspirator and, as body once said that if it walks like a friend, the distinguished gentleman such, you will be subject to the same fate as duck, if it quacks like a duck, if it from Tennessee (Mr. TANNER). the perpetrators. looks like a duck, then it is a duck. (Mr. TANNER asked and was given Again, this seemingly simple adjustment is This is war. The President has said it permission to revise and extend his re- no insignificant matter. This is a major policy is war. The Secretary of State has said marks.) shift which presents numerous challenges. it is war. The Secretary of Defense has Mr. TANNER. Mr. Speaker, Tues- This resolution will change the tone and tenor said it is war. Former government offi- day’s events were an attack on the forever. This was an attack on civility and as cials have said it is war. The American United States, but they were more such it will require a monumental effort. It will people know it is war. There is one way than that. They were an attack on hu- require us to have the fortitude and strength of and one way only, Mr. Speaker, to re- manity and civilization itself. This res- resolve to see it through to its conclusion, spond to acts of war, and that is to de- olution tonight represents a policy without regard for the unavoidable clare war. Give the President the tools, change in our country, a big policy unpleasantries. We must stay the course. To the absolute flexibility he needs under change, a monumental policy change, deviate or to shy away would surely risk ex- international law and The Hague Con- because we are declaring war not posing our nation, our citizens and life as we vention to ferret these people out against any nation, not against any in- know it to far greater dangers. wherever they are, however he finds dividual, not against any religion. We America is the embodiment of freedom, the them, and get it done as quickly as are declaring war against animalistic, beacon of hope and in a very real sense, the possible. We need a declaration of war. inhuman behavior called terrorism guardians of justice—a justice shaped and I urge my colleagues to keep that in wherever it exists on Earth. That is a honed by our values and morals. From this mind and to support a declaration of monumental step for this country. point forward, we will surely have our morality war above and beyond this power that This country needs to take that step and values tested. We must strive to seek that we will give the President this evening. in my opinion, though, because we are delicate balance between accomplishing our Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am the leader in freedom and democracy objectives and ridding the world of these ves- pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- and human rights in the world. And so sels of hate, while showing utmost care not to guished gentlewoman from Ohio (Mrs. on behalf of humanity and on behalf of allow it to lead to a decay of our appreciation JONES). civilization, on behalf of our children of humanity. We must not allow our anger to Mrs. JONES of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I and grandchildren’s future, we take burn so deep that we become like those we am angry, as I am sure most Ameri- this burden on tonight. We did not seek condemn. In our zeal to right the wrongs we cans are. And words cannot express our it. But, ladies and gentlemen, we have must show care not to dim the lamp of free- anger. But I have an 18-year-old son seen the face of evil and we must crush dom or diminish the sacrifice of those who named Mervyn. And I always tell it. have given their lives to promote, protect and Mervyn, ‘‘Mervyn, anger is the ill wind We are filled with grief, yet buoyed by pride. preserve this great democracy. that blows out the light of reason.’’ Like all Americans, I want to right this wrong This was not just an attack on New York I stand firmly in support of the and to avenge these cold, calculated killings. City, the Pentagon or even America, but rather United States, the United States Con- While this might seem a forgone conclusion to an attack on civilization, itself. It marks an es- stitution, our President and this Con- the overwhelming majority of those home and calation which cannot be ignored. We must gress. I just trust that we will be as de- abroad watching and awaiting our decision, join the other nations in an all out fight against liberate as they were, as precise as this is the single most difficult obligation for a these enemies of society. I applaud President they were, but we must not let our Member of this House to fulfill. In approving Bush and Secretary Powell’s efforts to reach anger blow out our light of reason.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 05:55 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.115 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5654 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am a taste to it to those who fought and Mr. SMITH of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- almost died that the protected will want to thank my good friend from Ne- guished gentleman from South Dakota never understand.’’ braska for yielding me time. (Mr. THUNE). I guess the events of Tuesday Mr. Speaker, this joint resolution is Mr. THUNE. I thank the gentleman brought us a lot closer to under- well intended, but it does not go far for yielding time. standing what could occur. We see enough. I regret the President did not Mr. Speaker, this is serious business. where freedom is challenged by another get all the support he needed or want- Tonight, we authorize the use of force. nation if it may be a nation, which it ed. This resolution should have author- But we really have no choice, because a is not but a group of people who have ized the President to attack, appre- bunch of murderous thugs have extin- some funny attitudes. hend, and punish terrorists whenever it guished the life from thousands of in- Today, I had the opportunity of going is in the best interests of America to nocent Americans. over to the Pentagon and standing do so. Instead, the resolution limits the This weekend in my home State of there and looking at what occurred. President to using force only against South Dakota in the State capital of Apparently, there were two people those responsible for the terrorist at- Pierre, veterans of World War II are standing there as that plane went over tacks last Tuesday. This is a signifi- going to gather and celebrate the their heads. They actually felt they cant restraint on the President’s abil- achievements of what has been called had to duck as it went over their ity to root out terrorism wherever it our greatest generation. My father will heads, standing right outside of the may be found. be among them. He and the patriots of Pentagon. They said at that point that Terrorism is not confined to a single his day knew that American justice de- they throttled up, as we used to say in organization or a single group or a spe- manded that they rid the world of fas- the Navy, we two-blocked the throttle, cific sect. All terrorists, even those not cism and genocide. Their generation and went in. Imagine that tonnage of directly connected to this week’s at- fought and defeated the evil of their airplane hitting that Pentagon at that tacks, are a deadly threat and must be day, and together our generation must speed. neutralized. We cannot win the war fight and defeat the evil of ours. A lot of people died; a very painful against international terrorism unless I believe I speak for every South Da- situation. But this thing can be made we fight on all fronts. This resolution, kotan in saying that these terrorists right. And it should be, and these peo- while helpful in some ways, ties the have messed with the wrong country. ple will be ferreted out. And I am con- President’s hands and allows only the They have picked on the wrong kid. fident they will be destroyed. That is pursuit of one individual and his fol- They have murdered our innocent what should occur. lowers and supporters. I am dis- Freedom has a taste to it and we bet- brothers and sisters. And we will make appointed that this limited resolution ter learn to understand it. it right. There will be justice. I know Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am does not respond adequately to the that every South Dakotan stands ready pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- need to protect the lives of freedom- to support our President, to defend and guished gentleman from Guam (Mr. loving people around the world. protect American citizens and Amer- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am NDERWOOD U ). 1 ican freedoms. The world will know Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I pleased to yield 1 ⁄2 minutes to my good that America is strong and there will thank the gentleman for yielding time. friend, the distinguished gentleman be a reckoning. Mr. Speaker, on behalf of the people from Texas (Mr. DOGGETT). Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am of Guam, I rise in support of the resolu- Mr. DOGGETT. Mr. Speaker, this pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- tion to authorize the use of military time of great peril has brought forth guished gentleman from North Caro- force by the President against persons, the best in our people, from those who lina (Mr. WATT). nations, and organizations which were rescue and heal and protect at ground Mr. WATT of North Carolina. Mr. connected with the despicable acts on zero, to those who across America raise Speaker, as I read the War Powers Act, American soil on Tuesday, September flags, collect donations and give blood. the President actually has the author- 11. But times of peril can also cause our ity to do what we are asking him and A formal authorization to pursue the well-justified anger and desire for im- giving him the authority to do in this criminals and their cohorts who com- mediate action to overwhelm demo- resolution because of a national emer- mitted these inhumane and incompre- cratic safeguards erected over the last gency created by an attack on the hensible acts is our collective state- 2 centuries. The tension that we face United States or its forces. Despite ment about our national will. It is a tonight is to provide the President that fact, this has got to be the most will that reflects a national crusade with enough authority to eradicate difficult vote I will have cast in the 9 that will inevitably prevail. I have no wrongdoing without wronging the care- years I have been in this body. I am ab- doubt about that. But we should be fully crafted systems of checks and bal- solutely terrified that we are about to mindful that our national will should ances so essential to our democracy. declare, or authorize the President to not be displayed with anger; it should Neither should this body lightly yield declare war. But we have got to do it. be pursued in the name of justice. We the power of the purse by granting un- That is what our constituents sent us do not take this step in the name of limited access to the public treasury to here to do, to make the weighty deci- vengeance. We take it in the full con- the executive. sions, to cast the difficult votes. fidence that we are a special people, As we vote for this important resolu- I just hope the President will exer- called upon to safeguard freedom and tion with the lives of so many at stake cise his authority with judgment and democracy here and abroad. in this important endeavor against ter- wisdom. And I hope that God will bless It is a mark of our strength that we rorism, we cannot let the executive America and these decisions. do not use military strength lightly. It branch become the exclusive branch. Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am is a mark of our democracy that we Our approval must represent not the pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- take this step now and in the future to- end but the beginning of congressional guished gentleman from Utah (Mr. gether with the President. It is a mark involvement. Today, we pledge to re- HANSEN), a member of the Committee of our people that we marshal the re- double our efforts to assure the secu- on Armed Services and chairman of the sources, the courage and the wisdom to rity and the well-being of people in Committee on Resources. prevail, not to assuage our anger but to America and in many other parts of (Mr. HANSEN asked and was given make the world safe for everyone. the world as we challenge terrorism. permission to revise and extend his re- Support the resolution. Support the But we do so, entering this difficult marks.) President. Support our men and women course of national involvement, with Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, it was who are working around the clock to an eagerness to see that our most pre- our friend, the gentleman from Texas, defend us all. cious democratic institutions are also Mr. SAM JOHNSON, who served about 6 Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am preserved. years in Hanoi as a prisoner of war. He pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am states that on his cell wall he had a lit- guished gentleman from Texas (Mr. pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gen- tle statement that said, ‘‘Freedom has SMITH). tleman from New Jersey (Mr. SMITH),

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 05:14 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.125 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5655 the distinguished vice chairman of the aster they will not wither . . . but the rorism. Our President has shown lead- Committee on International Relations. wicked will perish. I have seen a wick- ership, prudence, wisdom, and courage Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. ed and ruthless man flourishing like a in his response to the crisis. This reso- Speaker, I thank my good friend for green tree in its native soil, but he lution empowers our President and our yielding time. soon passed away and was no more; men and women in uniform to win this Mr. Speaker, the lethal threat to though I looked for him, he could not war against terrorism and ensure free- Americans will not go away by wishing be found. dom for our country and the world. it away. The faceless cowards who mur- ‘‘The salvation of the righteous comes from As President Bush said, we will re- dered thousands of innocent men, the Lord; he is their stronghold in time of trou- spond appropriately, at the proper time women, and children this week and the ble. The Lord helps them and delivers them; and the place of our choosing. hate-filled extremists, who today are he delivers them from the wicked and saves Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am scheming future acts of terrorism, them, because they take refuge in him.’’ pleased to yield 11⁄2 minutes to the dis- must be rooted out. This is not just our fight. It is the Lord’s fight tinguished gentlewoman from Georgia Mr. Speaker, even before Tuesday’s as well. (Ms. MCKINNEY). atrocities, deaths from worldwide acts Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am Ms. MCKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, the of terror were on the rise. But nothing pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- horrendous tragedies of this week war- could have prepared Americans, and guished gentleman from Indiana (Mr. rant a strong and judicious response. the world, for the cruel and barbaric ROEMER). However, I am concerned that the lan- slaughter of so many innocent people. (Mr. ROEMER asked and was given guage of this resolution could result in In 1999, 233 people were murdered by permission to revise and extend his re- dangerous foreign policy. terrorists. In 2000, the number jumped marks.) The perpetrators of this crime must to 405. In 2000, roughly half of all the Mr. ROEMER. Mr. Speaker, I thank be dealt with. However, we must ensure terrorist incidents in the world were my good friend from California for that when we strike back, we deliver a directed against Americans and U.S. yielding me time. massive blow against those truly re- assets. Each day, 10 to 12 threats are This morning as we sang the ‘‘Battle sponsible for this terrible crime. aimed at U.S. posts overseas. However, Hymn of the Republic,’’ one line has in- We as a Nation stand for the rule of most of those are on foreign soil, so we delibly burned into my mind as I con- law. Perpetrators of crimes, no matter were lulled into a false sense of secu- template this vote: ‘‘As he died to their size or scope, are afforded a trial rity. make men holy, let us die to make through a judicial process. That means Mr. Speaker, people should know them free.’’ no targeted assassinations and no that whatever intelligence gathering We have had unprecedented death death squads. In the aftermath of this lapses may have occurred, Congress did and grief in our country: firefighters horrendous act, let us not forget that step up to the plate time and again going into the World Trade Center, real security and real peace come through successive administrations. never coming out, trying to fight for through justice. We did it after Beirut. We did it their fellow citizens; soldiers and sail- I, too, feel extreme pain and outrage through the succeeding years. We did it ors, dying at their desks of duty; he- at the attack on America, but our Na- after the bombing of our embassies in roes bringing down a plane in Pennsyl- tion must respond with a commitment Africa. to justice, or else we become all that Today, it is all too clear that our ini- vania so that we in this building might we abhor. tiatives have fallen short. And now, be free and live. Unprecedented death The United States confronted this Mr. Speaker, the task of mitigating and sorrow. Mr. Speaker, it is never easy to cast very same decision at the close of and ultimately ending the terrorist a vote for war. We did not want this, World War II, that is, the struggle for threat requires the strongest medicine we did not instigate this, we did not justice in the face of tyranny. There of all. It is time to take the gloves off. need this. We have no choice. were those who called for widespread This resolution urges the President to Paraphrasing Winston Churchill: let executions of Nazis, Japanese leader- use all necessary and appropriate force us brace ourselves for our duties, and ship and their civilians. On the other against those who were in any way re- with justice, with firmness, with pa- side were those who urged reason and a sponsible for or who aided the terror- tience and fairness. Some day they return to the rule of law. Supreme ists and to prevent further acts of ter- may say this was their finest hour. Court Justice Robert Jackson, who led rorism against the United States. The resolution is not a blank check. Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am the prosecution at Nuremberg, said it We do this with our eyes open and in pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- best: ‘‘That four great nations flushed fervent prayer, especially the prayer guished gentleman from North Caro- with victory and stung with the injury, that President Bush and his national lina (Mr. HAYES), a member of the stay the hand of vengeance and vol- security team will be lavished with Committee on Armed Services. untary submit their captive enemies to (Mr. HAYES asked and was given wisdom from God above to use only the judgment of the law, is one of the permission to revise and extend his re- that force which is truly necessary and most significant tributes that power marks.) only that force which is truly appro- has ever paid to reason.’’ Mr. HAYES. Mr. Speaker, I thank Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am priate. the gentleman for yielding me time. pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- b 2015 Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this guished gentleman from Florida (Mr. Finally, Mr. Speaker, we need to resolution. On Tuesday, our Nation suf- FOLEY). take heed from the ageless wisdom in fered the most horrific act of terrorism Mr. FOLEY. Mr. Speaker, I am sad it Psalm 37, where David writes: the world has ever seen. A hostile act took Tuesday’s events to bring out the ‘‘For evil men will be cut off, but of this magnitude should be viewed as patriotism in our country and the need those who hope in the Lord will inherit an act of war against our Nation. for military security. the land. . . .The wicked plot against Just as our country and the world My father’s generation, who served in the righteous and gnash their teeth at changed in the wake of Pearl Harbor 60 World War II, has long expressed to us them; but the Lord laughs at the wick- years ago, our future was set on a new the need to be ever vigilant, to protect ed, for he knows their day is coming. course with Tuesday’s senseless attack our society from the evils of tyranny. The wicked draw the sword and bend on our citizens. This horrifying act has We learned all too well on Tuesday the bow to bring down the poor and united us in a way that has not been that that is indeed our mission here in needy, to slay those who are upright. seen in decades. It has inspired the this Congress, and we execute today But their swords will pierce their own world to act against terrorism and with great deliberation. hearts, and the bows will be broken strike back. I was proud of my President and our . . . for the power of the wicked will be It is the duty of all of us to honor the President, George Bush, today in New broken. victims of this tragedy by using this York; I was proud of him in the Na- ‘‘The days of the blameless are international spirit to do everything tional Cathedral; and I am proud of our known to the Lord . . . In times of dis- possible to stop the scourge of ter- country. The terrorists may have

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 05:14 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.128 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5656 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 taken a bite out of the Big Apple on lated here, we have been on premises, Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am Tuesday, but they are the ones that are we don’t have access to TV and radio; pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- rotten to the core. what are the American people saying, guished gentleman from Virginia (Mr. While we seek not retribution, we what are they thinking, what are you SCHROCK), a member of the Committee seek justice, and I ask my colleagues folks, members of Congress, hearing on Armed Services. once again, the third time today, to from back home?’’ Mr. SCHROCK. Mr. Speaker, as the urge our communities not to take ret- I said to him, ‘‘The people back home representative of our Nation’s largest ribution on those who may be of simi- are resolved. They are behind the naval installation and home of the Na- lar faith and similar nationalities. Let President. They are united as an Amer- tion’s highest concentration of active us reserve our vengeance for those who ican people to exact a revenge and re- duty and retired military, I stand caused the crime, and not by guilt by taliate, not for an act that we chose, today in support of this resolution. The association. but for one that we must respond to. decision to use force against any and I love this country. I am proud of our Otherwise, all Americans, in the air- all terrorists will require that many Congress, and I am proud of our Presi- ways, on the highways or in the office families in the district I represent will dent. spaces, are at danger. We must com- sacrifice time away from their loved Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am plete the task in front of us.’’ ones. In some cases, even the lives of pleased to yield 1 minute to my friend, This legislation gives us that oppor- their loved ones may be lost in pursuit the gentleman from American Samoa tunity. It is essential. of our goal to rid the world of terror- (Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA). When I said that to this worker, he ists, their supporters and those who Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. Mr. Speaker, was somewhat relieved. He joined harbor them. like our President, we as Members of hands with me and said, ‘‘Praise the This is very humbling to me; but ter- this great institution all took a solemn Lord. We must do this.’’ rorists declared war against our Na- oath to defend and support the Con- So, Mr. Speaker, I think this legisla- tion, and, as they have for more than 2 stitution of the United States against tion is appropriate, and I hope that my centuries, the people of Hampton all enemies, both here and abroad. As colleagues will support it overwhelm- Roads, Virginia, stand ready to defend copartners in this endeavor, our adop- ingly. our country, to seek out terrorists and tion of this resolution will join us with Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am ensure they pay the ultimate penalty the Senate in sending an unequivocal pleased to yield 11⁄2 minutes to the dis- for their acts of evil. message that the United States Con- tinguished gentleman from the State of We are a peaceful, freedom-loving gress firmly supports our President in Washington (Mr. MCDERMOTT). Nation; but we have the right to self- taking all necessary and appropriate (Mr. MCDERMOTT asked and was defense. We will defend and protect our action, including the use of military given permission to revise and extend country and its allies by eradicating force, to pursue and punish the persons his remarks.) our planet of this evil. and organizations who treacherously Mr. MCDERMOTT. Mr. Speaker, God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am murdered thousands of innocent Amer- there is an old Arab adage, ‘‘Vengeance pleased to yield 11⁄2 minutes to the dis- icans this past Tuesday. is best served cold.’’ The procedure we Mr. Speaker I have seen my share of are dealing with here is red hot. tinguished gentleman from Florida blood spilled in Vietnam, and it is al- Our history is replete with chaos cre- (Mr. BOYD). (Mr. BOYD asked and was given per- ways a most difficult decision for me ated by our government going off half- mission to revise and extend his re- to support this authorization to send cocked. I was involved in the Vietnam War. I saw the casualties. I was on the marks.) our men and women in military uni- Mr. BOYD. Mr. Speaker, I rise in sup- floor here when we went to war against form into harm’s way. Given the ter- port of this resolution. I come here Saddam Hussein. And the feeling here rible heinous attacks on thousands of today in a sobering mood. innocent Americans this past Tuesday, today, as I listen to it, is that most I have no reservations that the Presi- people think that Osama bin Laden is b 2030 dent must be given this authorization involved in this. Now, if we kill him, This is a somber and solemn moment to wage war against international ter- will the threat from the other for our Nation. We are about to take an rorism. operatives be over? Sadly, I am afraid action which will put our Nation’s fin- Mr. Speaker, it is absolutely critical not. est in harm’s way, but we know what that the President is successful in this We want to have an appropriate re- we have to do to prevent additional endeavor, for I fear that the next chap- sponse, a cold, carefully planned and loss of life and to protect our freedoms. ter of terrorism will be even more hor- calculated response. In the art of war- Mr. Speaker, when I was carrying a rific and will likely involve weapons of fare, there is something you must learn rifle in the jungles of Vietnam, I mass destruction, such as nuclear from your enemy. That particular prayed every day that never again weapons and biological and chemical enemy in this case did not undertake would American young people have to agents, which long have been available this mission on the spur of the mo- go to a foreign soil to fight in combat. in the international black market. ment. Their plan evolved over months But we know what we must do to pre- For the protection of our Nation and and months and months. vent additional loss of life and to pro- our way of life, I urge my colleagues to Let me make an important point tect our freedoms. support the President by adoption of here: I strongly believe that America Mr. Speaker, we are angry, but we this resolution. should respond and severely punish must not react in anger. We must be Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am those responsible for these heinous calm. We must be patient. Our reaction pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- acts. But we must move carefully. Bin must be measured, it must be cal- guished gentleman from Georgia (Mr. Laden, if he is the one, used his brains, culated and responsible, and it will be KINGSTON), a member of the Committee not his strength. We, too, should use effective. on Appropriations. our brains, not just our strength and In our 225-year history, Mr. Speaker, Mr. KINGSTON. Mr. Speaker, I power. Your brains must be your thousands of Americans have given thank the gentleman for yielding me strength. their lives to defend freedom. Each time. Think about it for a minute. Watch generation has learned that freedom is Yesterday I had the grim task of who kills the most prey, the bull or the not free. There is something about going to the Pentagon and looking at lion. Because the lion is quiet and America that these thugs do not under- the rubble and seeing the grave, the watching, does not mean he is asleep. stand, but they will understand when unexpected grave, of almost 200 of our I will support this, but I will also re- we complete our mission. May God citizens buried beneath all the bricks serve the right as Gaylord Nelson and grant wisdom to the President of the and mortar and concrete. In this col- Ernest Gruening and Wayne Morse did, United States and may he grant his lection of dust, one of the workers who the right to vote against funding if the protection and blessing to the young, had been there for some time asked me, President is not careful and does not great Americans that have to carry out he said, ‘‘Tell me, we have been iso- plan carefully. this mission.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 05:14 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.132 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5657 Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am Mr. Speaker, everyone knows that Muhlenberg. In January 1776, this 29- pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- the President of the United States is year-old Lutheran minister gave a ser- guished gentleman from Idaho (Mr. granted vast powers under the Con- mon about the fight for independence OTTER). stitution and under the consent of his in which he quoted Ecclesiastes: Mr. OTTER. Mr. Speaker, I thank the fellow Americans: the power to guide ‘‘There is an appointed time for every- gentleman for yielding me this time. domestic affairs, to deal with domestic thing. And there is a time for every Mr. Speaker, during the dawning crises, to present legislation; all the event under heaven; a time for war and days of this great Republic, one of our things with which we are familiar; and a time for peace.’’ Pastor Muhlenberg founding architects uttered these he also has the vast power that is then concluded his sermon by casting words: granted to him to declare and to en- off his clerical robes to reveal the uni- That these were the days that try force and to execute foreign policy. It form of a Continental Army officer. men’s souls. The summer soldier and is there that a slight demarcation oc- Mr. Speaker, as in the founding days the sunshine patriot will in this crisis curs. of our great Nation, the time for war is shrink in the service of their country, When foreign policy is the question, upon us. God bless our Nation, and God but he that stands it now deserves the Americans almost unanimously swoop watch over our citizens who will be love and the thanks of every man and behind the President and support him going into harm’s way. every woman. Tyranny, like hell, is not and urge him on for the betterment of Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am easily conquered, yet in that we have pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- this consolation; and that consolation our own Nation’s policies. And he is, of guished gentleman from Florida (Mr. is that the more difficult the battle, course, the Commander in Chief. WEXLER), a member of the Committee the more glorious the triumph. Those I rise in support of this resolution be- things which we obtain too easily we cause he is the chief of state for domes- on International Relations. Mr. WEXLER. Mr. Speaker, when I esteem too lightly. So it would seem tic policy, because he is the architect strange, indeed, Mr. Speaker, if so ce- of foreign policy, and because he is the put my 8-year-old son to sleep on Tues- lestial an article as freedom were not Commander in Chief. And as the Com- day night, he told me his whole body highly prized. mander in Chief, he should and does felt like crying. Today, the whole body Mr. Speaker, I offer that tonight as it have the power to put our American of America is crying. be as applicable on this resolution as it force to the best use possible across the As we internalize the depth of the was on the resolution that Thomas world. pain and horror inflicted on our people, Paine wrote it for. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am we cherish life, we cherish freedom, we Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- cherish America. And that is why we pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- guished gentleman from Texas (Mr. must authorize military force to rid guished gentleman from Texas (Mr. REYES), my good friend. the world of the insidious scourge of GREEN). Mr. REYES. Mr. Speaker, I thank the terrorism, no matter what the cost, no Mr. GREEN of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I gentleman for yielding me time. matter how long it takes. I beg God to rise in strong support of H.J. Res. 64. Mr. Speaker, today we are author- sustain us and permit us to be the wor- Today, as Members of Congress, we use izing the use of the U.S. military thy defenders of peace and freedom. words as our weapons. Tomorrow these against those responsible for the recent Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am words must be followed through. The attacks launched against us. We are pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- hard work begins. simply at war. We did not seek this guished gentleman from New Hamp- As Americans we pride ourselves in war; but make no mistake, we will re- shire (Mr. SUNUNU), a member of the our diversity. We come in all shapes spond. We will finish the conflict on Committee on Appropriations. and sizes and colors. We come with our terms, but only after we determine Mr. SUNUNU. Mr. Speaker, when many religious beliefs: Protestant, that our enemies have been defeated. America’s freedom is threatened, Catholic, Jewish, Muslim. But in our The coming days, weeks and months Americans respond. And in the hours differences we are family. We are dif- will continue to test us. We will hear that have followed the horrific attacks ferent and proud; but attack us, kill us, heart-breaking stories, see tragic im- of Tuesday morning, our Nation has harm us, we are Americans first and we ages. We will continue to say good-bye done just that, and done it in ways that respond as family. to American troops as they head off to bring forth deep emotions of patriotism The gloves are now coming off with defend us against terror and those who and gratitude and humility. Humani- respect to all of the terrorists and their hate America, those who hate every- tarian assistance has poured forth from organizations and the governments thing that America stands for: freedom across the country, thousands have en- who choose to harbor them. With the of speech, freedom of religion and free- listed as volunteers, and funds have passage of this resolution, the Presi- dom of democracy. been made available to help recover dent of the United States will have the As President John F. Kennedy once and to help rebuild. authority to apply all the military said, ‘‘Let every Nation know, whether Tonight we take the next step in re- force he deems necessary to terminate it wishes us ill or well, that we will pay sponding to this great challenge. The terrorist threats against this country. any price, bear any burden, meet any resolution before us will place a unified America has stood strong in the face of Congress behind the Commander in adversity and has never bowed down to hardship, support any friend, oppose Chief and send a clear message to enemies and will not start now. any foe, in order to assure the survival Justice will come in many forms for and the success of liberty.’’ We will America’s enemies. the people involved in this attack. We persevere. We will be victorious. We must authorize and we must em- have yet to see even the tip of the ice- God bless our great country. ploy all necessary force to protect our berg when it comes to the retribution Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am Nation against this terrorist threat we will exact from the leaders of this pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- and to destroy the capability of those bombing. guished gentleman from Pennsylvania who would wage future attacks. We Mr. Speaker, I have never been (Mr. PLATTS). know the challenge is great, but the prouder to be an American. God bless Mr. PLATTS. Mr. Speaker, I thank cause of preserving our freedom de- America. the gentleman for yielding me this mands no less. Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I am time. In doing so, we ensure that although pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- I rise in support of this resolution au- our Nation never sought this conflict, guished gentleman from Pennsylvania thorizing our Commander in Chief to we will end it in a way and in an hour (Mr. GEKAS). bring the full weight and fury of our of our choosing. (Mr. GEKAS asked and was given armed services against the evil parties Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield permission to revise and extend his re- responsible for the heinous attacks such time as he may consume to the marks.) against our citizens. gentleman from New York (Mr. CROW- Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, I thank Just off the rotunda here in the Cap- LEY). We all feel anguish, but none as the gentleman for yielding me this itol Building stands a statue, a fellow powerfully as he, who lost his first time. Pennsylvanian by the name of John cousin, age 42, in this outrage.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 05:14 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.136 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5658 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 Mr. CROWLEY. Mr. Speaker, I thank Mr. Speaker, I was proud to stand self-defense. Because terrorists do not the gentleman from California, my there with my President, with my col- defend territory or populations, they friend, for yielding me this time. leagues, and with these brave men and cannot be confronted or defeated using Mr. Speaker, I rise this evening to women. And for the first time this traditional means. We cannot expect speak again about the heinous crime week, I felt a glimmer of hope and a easy or quick solutions. We must be committed against the American peo- whole lot of pride, pride for our Nation prepared for a protracted effort to ple, people all over the land, living that takes care of itself, for a nation eradicate these cowardly terrorists. here in the United States, and against that has men and women like the ones Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am our great Nation. I saw and met today and this week who pleased to yield 1 minute to my neigh- On Tuesday, September 11, the lives have put themselves in harm’s way to bor and good friend, our distinguished of all Americans changed forever. As a save the lives of others; proud that de- colleague, the gentlewoman from Cali- Nation, we have grieved and we have spite the destruction of physical sym- fornia (Ms. ESHOO). joined our hearts together in prayer. bols, that it is the undying principles Ms. ESHOO. Mr. Speaker, I thank my We have watched as our lives have been that endure. friend, my colleague, and my congres- put on hold so that we may honor the Tonight we consider another meas- sional neighbor, the ranking member, dead and the missing. We keep hope ure, this one to enable the President, the gentleman from California (Mr. LANTOS), for yielding time to me. alive for the brave men and women who our Commander in Chief, to use what- Mr. Speaker, I rise in full support of continue to work around the clock to ever means required to bring this crime to justice. For the memory of those this resolution. I do it with a heavy search for life and survivors. heart because of what has been im- I spoke yesterday about my dear who served and the memory of those innocent lives taken so very pre- posed on our Nation. We did not seek cousin, Battalion Chief John Moran, this, but we must act. who so bravely dedicated his life to the maturely, it is the very least we can do. Americans by nature are not a I do not believe that we act, and I saving of the lives of others at the site know that I do not, in taking this vote, vengeful people, but we need to respond of this attack. My cousin, like so many out of vengeance, because the Amer- to these attacks so as to ensure that others who are heroes, has not been ican people are good and they are de- they never happen again. found. cent. They are loving, and they have Mr. Speaker, we will all be rebuilding As the Commander in Chief, the President must provide for the com- once again exhibited this face and this emotionally and physically for some character this week in one of the most time to come. Our great Nation stands mon defense and promote the general welfare of our people, this resolution tragic and challenging moments in our changed for ever. Yet somehow it is Nation’s history. permits our Commander in Chief to do also stronger, more united, and more I believe that this resolution is con- just that. defiantly proud than ever. These truly sistent with the War Powers Act, and I support this resolution, not lightly are, as our great President Abraham that it reiterates the President’s au- but without hesitation. This resolution Lincoln stated during another difficult thority under the Constitution to take and the authority it contains allows period in American history, the times action to deter and prevent acts of for the protection of our American way that try men’s souls. international terrorism against the of life for generations to come. Our physical symbols have been de- Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I yield United States of America. I know that this will be long and dif- stroyed and thousands of lives are myself such time as I may consume. ficult. I pledge my allegiance to the feared lost, but our values and ideals of The gentleman can be assured that magnificent people of our country, and freedom and democracy stand stronger all of us in this House share in his con- I say to the constituents of my mag- than ever. These values shared by all cern, his grief, and his pride in the nificent congressional district that we Americans of all religions and back- courage and relentless efforts of New will move ahead united and do what we grounds is what causes such hatred and Yorkers and others who have come to must in the name of those that gave jealousy in the hearts and the minds of their aid. our enemies. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 1 their lives this week. I ask God to bless our Nation and to I recently saw a photograph of the minute to the gentleman from Arizona New York City skyline which had in its guide our President. (Mr. SHADEGG). Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield midst the image of a new skyscraper (Mr. SHADEGG asked and was given 1 minute to the gentleman from Ari- where the towers of the World Trade permission to revise and extend his re- zona (Mr. HAYWORTH). Center once stood, and the caption on marks.) Mr. HAYWORTH. Mr. Speaker, I top said, ‘‘we will rebuild.’’ Mr. SHADEGG. Mr. Speaker, on be- crossed the aisle tonight to offer these Mr. Speaker, we will rebuild. While half of the people that I have the privi- remarks, not for priority of party but we honor those who have lost their lege of representing in this House, I for the needs of our Nation. lives and try to absorb the terrible rise in strong support of this use of The men and women in uniform we losses of the last several days and try force resolution. Unfortunately, I am are about to send into battle will not in our own individual and collective concerned that it may not go far wear insignia of party identification, ways to move forward, we cannot for- enough. It does not go as far as the they will be there as Americans. So Mr. get the perpetrators of this reprehen- President requested or may need. Speaker, tonight in this place, at this sible crime; those who planned, author- On Tuesday, America sustained a hour, I stand in strong support of this ized, aided and abetted these attacks. cowardly attack. It was a despicable resolution as the people of Arizona and They must not and they will not go act of war. Mr. Speaker, the American the people of America go forth united unpunished. But, Mr. Speaker, make no people are a peaceful people. We are in what will prove to be a difficult and mistake; the response of the United slow to anger. But we have been vi- perhaps even a protracted struggle, but States, the House of Representatives, ciously attacked, and the attack was a fight we cannot afford to postpone. has been carefully considered. unlike any ever known in this world Support the resolution. Support our and in its history. b 2045 Nation and our way of life. We are It will require a very different re- Americans first. Vote for the resolu- We have all taken a deep breath and sponse. We must focus our anger and tion. searched our hearts and souls for an carefully plan, calibrate, and execute Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am hon- appropriate and just response. our response. It must be worldwide and ored to yield as much time as he might I myself have just come back from comprehensive in scope, as well as consume to our distinguished demo- visiting ground zero with our President massive in magnitude. We must target cratic leader, the gentleman from Mis- in New York. I stood with him sur- and destroy every terrorist and every souri (Mr. GEPHARDT), who has led us rounded by firefighters, police officers, terrorist group that aided or supported through this crisis with grace and dig- and rescue workers who have worked the attackers or sympathizers with nity and wisdom. since Tuesday tirelessly searching for their cause. (Mr. GEPHARDT asked and was bodies, praying to find anyone who sur- We must destroy their will to fight, given permission to revise and extend vived this horrific attack. not out of revenge, but as a matter of his remarks.)

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 05:14 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.139 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5659 Mr. GEPHARDT. Mr. Speaker, first, I by workers from the Red Cross, stood York (Mr. BOEHLERT), the chairman of thank you and your colleagues for for hours in line so they could give the Committee on Science. working so hard with all of us to their blood so life could be pumped into (Mr. BOEHLERT asked and was given present a completely united front to the lives of the wounded. permission to revise and extend his re- our foes and to the world in this time There was a story this morning on marks.) of grave emergency in our country. the radio of a volunteer rescue worker Mr. BOEHLERT. Mr. Speaker, Shaw I rise to address my colleagues, who said he was in New York digging said, ‘‘Some men see things as they are though today we all know we are more through rubble in search for survivors and ask why. I dream things that never than that. Today, we are all American because, he said, we are digging for were and ask why not.’’ My dream, the brothers and sisters, because the fam- freedom. collective dream of all Americans, is a ily of America has been attacked, and Our people, the wonderful, good, de- world at peace, a world in which equal we have gathered together to begin the cent people of this country are re- opportunity for all prevails. sponding in heroic ways, and they are process of healing and then defending I cannot explain the why of the fighting back against this absolute evil our American family, our beloved Na- events of the past few days, but I can that visited itself on our great country tion. and will continue to share in that col- on Tuesday. They are rising to this What was the purpose of Tuesday’s lective dream of all Americans. As I challenge just as earlier generations attack? Terrorism’s simple goal is that see it, this resolution, which we should have met challenges that confronted it is embedded in the word ‘‘terrorism’’ and will pass, is not a resolution de- itself. It is to create terror. That was them. Congress debates this historic resolu- signed to promote war, rather it is one the real goal of Tuesday’s attack. Well, seeking to advance the cause of a se- we can report to the world that we are tion in their spirit and with them for our inspiration and as our guide. We cure world and a just and lasting peace. fighting and winning the battle against Mr. Speaker, Mr. Minority leader, my terror in America today. literally and figuratively tonight are following the lead of the American peo- colleagues, I am proud to serve with In America today, there is a strong, you in this great institution. I am clear, cold conviction. We will punish ple. Humanity at its best. Alexis de Tocqueville in the 19th cen- proud to serve under our commander in those who committed these acts, and chief, the President of the United we will make our Nation safe again. tury observed about our country and its people, he said America is great be- States. But most of all, I am proud of America is as united as it has been in the strength and the character and the its history. Death and tragedy was one cause she is good, and if America ever ceases to be good, America will cease resolve and the common purpose of the result of Tuesday’s attack. What the American people. That character, that terrorists did not know is that they to be great. Everything that is happening today strength, that resolve, that common would create so much American unity. is happening because Americans are purpose is represented here in the peo- The act of terror and inhumanity has still good and America is still great. ple’s House. We are united. We are produced American heroism that few Finally, we must recognize and un- strong. We are determined. people have witnessed in their life- derstand a fundamental truth. Our foes Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am times. Before our very eyes in the last caused enormous death and destruc- pleased to yield 1 minute to my friend 3 days we have seen another generation tion, but their greater goal is to instill and colleague, the gentleman from rise to the moral challenge of our time. fear in the heart of every American. Massachusetts (Mr. NEAL). Jeremy Glick, on the United flight (Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts asked which crashed in Pennsylvania, called b 2100 and was given permission to revise and his wife on a cell phone to say his plane We will conquer that foe. We will not extend his remarks.) had been hijacked, and three of us, he be defeated. We will not succumb. We Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts. Mr. said, are going to fight. His wife told will not fear. We will always rise up, as Speaker, this evening I stand in the him about the attack on the World we have through our history, and we strongest position of support for the Trade Center. We have credible reason will face fear down. to believe that he and other passengers Our challenge is to draw on the good- resolution that is in front of us and brought down their plane so that oth- ness, the decency, the bravery, and the that has been carefully negotiated and ers could live another day. humanity that has always defined this in coming days, weeks, and months New York City Fire Chief Peter great country. I know in my heart we will play out, and also to offer unquali- Ganci stood with a multichannel radio will prevail. We will face this foe, and fied support tonight for President Bush at the foot of One World Trade Center, we will not adopt the characteristics of in the difficult days, weeks, and and with smoke swirling around his those who attack us. We will not forget months ahead that surely will confront head, trying amid the chaos to orga- the civil liberties of our people. We will this Nation. nize the rescue effort, the building col- not discriminate. We will not use prej- It is to be a difficult time. But as we lapsed. The chief died. udice. We will not succumb to hatred witness the bravery and the heroism of New York City Fire Department in fighting this foe. We will not be di- those men and women of New York Chaplain Mychal Judge went to the vided. City and those families who have lost tower to minister to victims. He was Two months ago, the Foreign Min- loved ones as well at the Pentagon, we hit by debris in the head. He died. ister in Germany told me that what he know the resolve of the American peo- More than 250 firefighters ran into found so impressive about America was ple. I supported the Iraqi incursion a the building that others were running that he had never known such a power- decade ago in one of the most difficult out of so that they could try to get up ful Nation to use its power so respon- votes in this House. Tonight, this vote the steps to save others. They are all sibly. I have faith in ourselves, in our is not easy either, knowing as well that missing. fellow human beings; and I have faith when the days grow very difficult, it Yesterday, when I went to the Pen- in God to see us through. I am guided will require the strength of all the tagon with Members here, a general in my belief by my faith, which is best American people. But tonight let us re- told of how a woman found one person expressed in the hymn, ‘‘Be Not solve to proceed with vigor, not venge- passed out with fumes in the aftermath Afraid.’’ ‘‘Be not afraid. I go before you ance, in remembrance of those who of the attack. She lifted the person up, always. Come, follow me, and I will have been lost over the last 3 tragic he said, threw her from the window and give you rest.’’ days. then saved the person’s life and then Our people have courage, our mili- The same comments I offered on threw herself out the window to save tary will defend, our President will Wednesday night I offer tonight: her own life. have our support and our trust to bring strength to the American people and New Yorkers line streets in Manhat- our foes to justice; and with God’s help, wisdom to President Bush and this tan holding signs and flags in celebra- we will be free and our people will be Congress. tion of our rescue workers going off to healed. Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield rescue other Americans. Americans de- Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from Cali- scended on emergency centers, set up 1 minute to the gentleman from New fornia (Mr. ROYCE).

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 05:55 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.143 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5660 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 Mr. ROYCE. Mr. Speaker, the horren- will never have a recurrence of the That is what we are here to do today: dous attack we have suffered and our nightmare we experienced last Tuesday to stand united, to say to the world national response will prove to be a again. there are no partisans here, only patri- pivotal event in world history. Our Na- Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield archs. There is no difference between tion is now embarked on a fight for 1 minute to the gentleman from Ohio Democrats and Republicans, between freedom. Some nations will stand up (Mr. REGULA), a member of the Com- the Congress and the President. We are and be with us, and we may even be mittee on Appropriations. speaking with one voice. surprised by who our friends are. We (Mr. REGULA asked and was given The resolution we are supporting to- will have many allies, but others will permission to revise and extend his re- night authorizes the President to use be against us. marks.) the full range of force available from Secretary Powell and others are Mr. REGULA. Mr. Speaker, events of our military not only to respond to the working the phones now making key the past week have given all of us great terrorist acts on Tuesday but also to determinations. I think we all under- pride in America, great pride in the prevent future acts. And we will not be stand that we can only act decisively. people of this Nation and the way in alone in our battle. The enormous evil There can be no pinprick strikes. Ter- which they responded to our crisis. But of these acts is uniting the civilized rorism will only get worse unless we tonight we also have a moment of world behind a common cause because act to eradicate it now. pride, and that is that we are a Nation the attacks on the World Trade Center Several years ago, during a hearing of laws; that we are a Nation that fol- and on the Pentagon were attacks not on Afghanistan, Members of Congress, lows the rule of law; and that in this just against the United States but including myself, warned that the war- action, in this resolution, we are re- against humanity itself. torn country of Afghanistan was rap- specting the Constitution of the United The civilized world is uniting in this idly evolving into a serious threat to States. common fight because there are only The Constitution says that the Con- national security. Many rang the bell. two sides in it: right or wrong, good or gress shall have the power to lay and It went unanswered. We will now have evil. You are with us or against us. No collect taxes and to provide for the to act, as we should have acted before, civilized nation can be allowed to sit common defense and general welfare of to root out the terrorist camps and de- the United States, to declare war, to on the fence. stroy their infrastructure, including I just came back from the site of the provide calling forth the militia to destroying any governments sup- repel invasions. That is what we are tragedy in New York City with my col- porting them. doing. But it also provides that the leagues. I saw the horrendous results of President Bush spoke eloquently to President shall be commander in chief the terrorists’ unspeakable deeds. And the American people today from the of the forces of this Nation. as I stood at ground zero, I was re- National Cathedral. I believe that I think this resolution says elo- minded of the scenes of devastation Americans are willing to follow his quently that we are a Nation of laws; and bombings from World War II. But leadership and make the sacrifices that we respond in a measured way, as what cannot be seen in that rubble are needed to win and survive as the coun- provided in the Constitution of the the broken families and the fatherless try we know and love. United States; and that we can take and motherless children left in its Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pride in our response along with the wake. We will not let this stand, be- pleased to yield 1 minute to my good people in their response to the events cause to let this stand would be to let friend and colleague, the gentleman of this week. civilization itself perish. To let it stand from New Jersey (Mr. PAYNE), a distin- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am would be to let evil prevail. To let this guished member of the Committee on pleased to yield 3 minutes to my good stand would be to lay down our values International Relations. friend and colleague, the gentleman of liberty, justice, and freedom. (Mr. PAYNE asked and was given from New Jersey (Mr. MENENDEZ), the It has been said that in the long his- permission to revise and extend his re- vice chair of the Democratic Caucus. tory of the world only a few genera- marks.) Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. Speaker, I tions have been granted the role of de- Mr. PAYNE. Mr. Speaker, I had the thank the gentleman for yielding me fending freedom in its hour of max- opportunity to travel with the Presi- this time. imum danger. Tonight, we do not dent to New York today, with other In times of tragedy, America pulls shrink from this responsibility, we em- colleagues from the region, to view the together and America gets stronger. brace it, and in doing so we send a bea- devastation left in the aftermath of We defeated the forces of evil in World con of light to the rest of the world. Tuesday’s tragic events and to meet War II, we turned economic crisis into Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield with the volunteers and professionals economic opportunities and beat the 1 minute to the gentleman from Geor- who have made such a heroic effort to Great Depression, and we can and will gia (Mr. DEAL). help the victims and their families. defeat these forces too. Mr. DEAL of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, Tonight, we stand united in sending a Every war is different. No challenge by the adoption of this resolution to- message to the world that we will rise is the same. This will be a battle un- night, let us send one very clear mes- above this senseless act; that we will like any other, fought with new tools sage to the world: we are the United not let the actions of a group of fanat- and methods; fought with intelligence States of America. We are the United ics destroy our spirit. As we move to and brute force, rooting out the en- States. We are united. give the President the authority to use emies among us and those outside our 2115 all necessary and appropriate force in borders. This war may be different, but b responding to these unprovoked at- we have the capabilities to win; and we Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 tacks, let us be sure that we remain will not rest until we have wiped the minute to the gentleman from Texas true to our American principles by en- evil of terrorism from the face of the (Mr. TURNER), the ranking Democrat acting a plan which protects the Amer- Earth. on the terrorism panel of the Com- ican people and strengthens the bonds There is nowhere they can hide where mittee on Armed Services. with our allies. we will not hunt them. There is no- Mr. TURNER. Mr. Speaker, I rise in However, as we raise our powerful where they will be safe from our wrath. support of the resolution authorizing swift sword, let us be mindful of the We will consider any person or nation the President to use all necessary and fact that the overriding majority of who harbors them or aids them or au- appropriate force to seek and destroy people who live in these rogue nations thorizes their activities to be just as those who are responsible for the dead- are themselves victims of their govern- guilty. If you harbor our enemy, then ly acts of terrorism committed against ments. They are being oppressed by you are our enemy. If you help our the American people. their leaders. enemy, then you are our enemy. Our Tonight, every Member of this House I stand committed to working to- resolve has no end. Our commitment is and every American stand united. gether to build an effective anti-ter- total. We want to thank the President for rorism policy which will make our In times of tragedy, America pulls his leadership in this time of national country and our world safer so that we together and America gets stronger. tragedy and national testing of our

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 05:03 Sep 16, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.145 pfrm04 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5661 will. We stand with him against the sides, and I appreciate it. But the who seek to destroy the American way forces of darkness that have broken American people will not be satisfied of life. Tonight we vote to give our our hearts but emboldened our spirits. with our eloquence. They want us to President full authority to use Amer- We know this war will require our pa- stand with our Armed Forces, stand ica’s full military might against those tience, our perseverance, our unwaver- with our allies around the world, and responsible for this week’s despicable ing courage and commitment. Our only swiftly, swiftly settle the debt owed to attacks against the United States and timetable is to stay the course until us by those who brought harm upon its people. the job is finished. The future of lib- this country on Tuesday. A strong response to the deplorable erty, freedom. And human dignity hang Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield attacks on the United States is essen- in the balance and our Nation will not 1 minute to the gentleman from New tial. The terrorist infrastructure must be found wanting. Jersey (Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN). be destroyed, and the message must go May God’s wisdom and judgment Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Speaker, out to all who seek to harm us in the guide our steps and may God bless I rise in support of this authorization future that America will respond to America. for the President to use all necessary cowardly acts of violence against our Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield and appropriate force against those na- people quickly and decisively. 1 minute to the gentlewoman from tions, organizations or persons who These are dark days for America, but Maryland (Mrs. MORELLA). planned, authorized, committed, or we will work together to seek justice (Mrs. MORELLA asked and was given aided the terrorist acts committed for the victims of terrorism and to en- sure that such contemptible acts never permission to revise and extend her re- against our country on September 11, marks.) again occur. and to prevent any future acts of inter- Mrs. MORELLA. Mr. Speaker, yester- Mr. Speaker, I urge support of the nal terrorism against the United day I examined the war-torn Pentagon resolution. God bless America. site, the lingering scent of smoke, the States. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 Today, Mr. Speaker, along with my ruins of a building, the courageous res- minute to the gentlewoman from Cali- colleagues from New Jersey, New York cue workers, including the Mont- fornia (Ms. PELOSI). gomery County, Maryland Search and and Connecticut, I visited lower Man- Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, I thank Rescue Team. hattan and saw firsthand the physical the gentleman for yielding me this Tonight, as this debate was taking destruction and I better understand time. place, I was calling families of some of now the human devastation. The Tonight we are walking on holy the Montgomery County, Maryland deaths of our fellow Americans, the de- ground. We are prayerfully mourning victims, victims of the Pentagon at- struction of our sovereign land, and the loss of thousands of Americans who tack. The victims include Michelle this act of war against all Americans have lost their lives. We are trying a Heidenberger, Todd Reuben, William cannot and will not go unanswered. way to comfort their families and give Caswell, Darin Pontell, Lawrence As the President spoke to the world them peace. Getzfred, Ernest Willcher, Gerald Fish- today from the National Cathedral, At the same time, we are discussing er, Lisa Young, Ted Moy. The list goes ‘‘This Nation is peaceful but fierce a resolution on the use of force to bring the cowardly terrorists to justice and on. This is not New York or Pennsyl- when stirred to anger. This conflict to make sure that we never have to vania. This is just so far what we have was begun on the timing and terms of suffer this horror again. To this end, I heard from the Pentagon. There will be others. It will end in a way and in an support this resolution because it a lot more coming, unfortunately, hour of our own choosing.’’ Mr. Speaker, whether the hour be clearly states that nothing in this reso- throughout this Nation. lution supersedes the requirements of We offer our prayers and support to near or far, we stand united with our the War Powers Act. these families of these heroes. We re- President and with the men and women of our Armed Forces. Mr. Speaker, many of my colleagues solve to find the perpetrators and pun- have quoted President Roosevelt of an- ish them harshly. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the distinguished gentleman other horrible day in our country’s life, Without any question, this terrorist that this day will live in infamy. I attack on our liberty and freedom is a from Pennsylvania (Mr. FATTAH). Mr. FATTAH. Mr. Speaker, there want to also quote his wisdom when he strike against all nations that value said, ‘‘We have nothing to fear but fear democracy. It is an act of war, but we were some very bright young people from the district, here in Washington, itself,’’ because that is the goal of the will not be intimidated. No act as cow- terrorist, to instill fear in the Amer- ardly as this one can go unanswered. I who because of their excellent school work were off on a trip with their ican people. That would be their great- trust the President to act accordingly, est victory. But the spirit of the Amer- teachers who died on September 11. cautiously and appropriately. I will ican people and the unity that we will Along with thousands of others they cast my vote. We must stand in unity, show them tonight should give them a were the casualties of this act that was pledging to defend freedom, unity and clue that they will not have that suc- perpetrated. liberty. cess. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 Today we take this step, and I rise in Yes, we are walking on holy ground, minute to the distinguished gentleman support of this resolution, and I rise and as we proceed in discussing the use from New Jersey (Mr. ANDREWS). specifically on behalf of these children, of force, we must proceed in a manner (Mr. ANDREWS asked and was given for it is our responsibility to provide that will bring honor to those who have permission to revise and extend his re- for their protection, to provide for died. We must bring honor to their marks.) their promise and their potential. memory. May they rest in peace. Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. Speaker, tonight Whatever the perceived real griev- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 with the passage of this resolution, it ance is of those who took this action, minute to the gentleman from Texas is time that we move from words to attacking innocent children and thou- (Mr. EDWARDS). deeds. We must identify and destroy all sands of other innocent Americans is Mr. EDWARDS. Mr. Speaker, with those who perpetrated the horror on unacceptable. this vote of resolve and unity, we be- our country on Tuesday. We must then We must respond. We know not what come stewards of the American values move swiftly to cut off their financing the tactics or strategy or play of this expressed so eloquently 40 years ago by network, their infrastructure network, engagement will be, but we must act. a new President, John F. Kennedy, and all those who would aid and abet Mr. Speaker, I stand and I support ‘‘Let every Nation know, whether it and support them. this resolution. wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay Then we must embark on the long Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield any price, bear any burden, meet any struggle of making the nations choose 1 minute to the gentleman from Ohio hardship, support any friend, oppose between obedience to terrorism or sub- (Mr. CHABOT), a member of the Com- any foe, to assure the survival and the scription to the rule of law and inter- mittee on International Relations. success of liberty.’’ national cooperation. Mr. CHABOT. Mr. Speaker, tonight Today a new President and a new There has been much eloquence in we stand with our President as our Na- generation are handed the torch of lib- this Chamber in recent days from all tion prepares to do battle with those erty that has been kept alight by the

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 05:03 Sep 16, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.148 pfrm04 PsN: H14PT1 H5662 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 untold sacrifices of past generations of force is not something that we as week America suffered the worst at- Americans. Americans take lightly. America is a tack in our Nation’s history. It was an Those terrorists who now challenge peace-loving Nation. Our involvement assault on the American people and a the will and values of this generation in World War II is the strongest exam- threat to the fundamental freedom of Americans will soon find out that ple of America’s peace-loving ways. We that is the strength and the spirit of the awesome power of our military waged war on ruthless Naziism that our strong Nation. There is no reason- might well be matched only by our te- threatened the very concept of human- able justification for the vicious attack nacious national unity in defending ity and the lives of entire races of peo- that has taken such a toll on the Amer- Americans’ life and liberty. ple. ican people. In this vote and in our prayers, we in Today we face another global threat, Each day our intelligence officials Congress speak for the American fam- terrorism, which once again threatens obtain more information of the facts ily, in strong support of our Com- the foundation of all peace-loving na- surrounding the events of September mander in Chief and say, yes, we too tions. Today the world looks to Amer- 11, 2001. It is clear that this was a care- will ‘‘pay any price, bear any burden, ica and this very body for the very fully crafted plan for tremendous de- meet any hardship,’’ and ‘‘oppose any clear and unmistakable message that struction. The criminals wanted to cre- foe’’ to protect our land of liberty. we as a Nation will not tolerate people ate a constant state of fear in Amer- Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I re- and organizations to operate in opposi- ican citizens across our great country. serve the balance of my time. tion to the very foundation that every But the American people will not be Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 society is based upon: the sanctity of bullied. They will not be cowed. Mr. minute to the distinguished gentleman human life. Speaker, our citizens are joined to- from Massachusetts (Mr. MEEHAN). b 2130 gether in prayer, giving of their time, Mr. MEEHAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in their love, their resources. There has support of the resolution before us to I pray for our President. never been a greater demonstration of give our Commander in Chief and Mr. Speaker, I hope we shall over- unity. President the authority to use military come someday. With this resolution, our government action against these cowards who made Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield also takes a stand. It reaffirms Con- such an unprecedented evil attack 1 minute to the gentleman from Vir- gress’ support for the President. It pro- against the United States of America. ginia (Mr. TOM DAVIS). tects the authority of the Congress. We must respond to terrorism and re- (Mr. TOM DAVIS of Virginia asked Our Commander in Chief and the Con- spond swiftly, not only to the terror- and was given permission to revise and gress will work together to bring to ists, but as the President so accurately extend his remarks.) justice and to punish those responsible said, to anyone who would harbor ter- Mr. TOM DAVIS of Virginia. Mr. for trying to bring the United States to rorists anywhere in the world, whether Speaker, I rise today in strong support its knees. they be countries or individuals. of S.J. Res. 23. With the passage of this We stand tall. We stand proud. We As a member of the Committee on joint resolution, Congress stands stand ready to protect our freedom, our Armed Services, I have confidence in united with the President and the justice, and our liberty. the men and women who serve this brave men and women in uniform ready Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am country in uniform. They are the to wage war on global terrorism. Al- pleased to yield 1 minute to my distin- smartest, the brightest, the most well though S.J. Res. 23 is not a formal dec- guished friend and colleague, the gen- equipped and well trained fighting laration of war, the resolution gives tleman from Maryland (Mr. CUMMINGS). force in the world. I have confidence in the President full authority to use Mr. CUMMINGS. Mr. Speaker, a the Commander in Chief and the na- force against these terrorists and is great atrocity has been leveled against tional security team to make sure that similar to the use of force resolution this Nation and its citizens. We must we are successful in this effort. But we authorizing military operations during now seek justice for our Nation, the must be patient and understand that the Persian Gulf conflict in 1991. American people, and all humanity. we need a broad and sustained cam- Of course, a key to making this work But justice comes in many forms and paign in order to win the battle on ter- is the continued willingness of the ex- the scales of justice must be carefully rorism. ecutive to continue to consult with leg- balanced. Mr. Speaker, I believe standing to- islators. I am confident the President On one side, we place our commit- gether as a Nation, and this is the most will do just that. Make no mistake, ment to spare no effort in eradicating united I have ever seen this House in 9 failure to act in unison at home and terrorism and punishing those respon- years, I believe we will win this battle. abroad will be interpreted by our en- sible for these deplorable crimes. On God bless America. emies as weakness and an invitation to the other, we balance the responsi- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 commit further atrocities. We have to bility to hold true to our Nation’s prin- minute to the gentlewoman from Cali- put aside our differences, quiet our ciples, to be cognizant of innocent life, fornia (Ms. MILLENDER-MCDONALD), the rhetoric and act decisively now. and to use military force only when chair of the Democratic Women’s Cau- Mr. Speaker, today I read Leonard necessary. This is a difficult scale to cus. Pitts’ column in the Miami Herald. Ad- balance, but I believe that we have a Ms. MILLENDER-MCDONALD. Mr. dressing his words to the faceless cow- duty to reach the appropriate equi- Speaker, today is a day I hoped I would ards responsible for Tuesday’s attacks librium that justice requires. never have to face, a day on which I he wrote: I strongly support the will of this would need to support the use of force. ‘‘It occurs to me that maybe you just President, Congress, and our citizenry I am sure that all of my colleagues wanted us to know the depths of your to defend ourselves against our en- agree that when we took the oath of of- hatred. If that’s the case, consider the emies with unrelenting force. It is my fice to honor and defend our country, message received. And take this mes- only hope that such force will be bal- we hoped and prayed we, as Members of sage in exchange: You don’t know my anced and guarantees the justice we all Congress, would not have to use force people. You don’t know what we’re ca- deserve. to defend this Nation. pable of. You don’t know what you just May God bless America. On Tuesday morning, however, we all started. But you’re about to learn.’’ Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield knew that the only response that I urge all my colleagues to support 1 minute to the gentleman from Penn- would be understood by the evil force S.J. Res. 23. sylvania (Mr. SHERWOOD). that undertook these treacherous ac- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am Mr. SHERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, we tions would be the powerful response of pleased to yield 1 minute to my good owe it to our people, we owe it to our the greatest military force in the friend and colleague, the gentlewoman history, we owe it to the folks that world, the United States military. from Connecticut (Ms. DELAURO), a made us where we are. We owe it to However, our resolve must be based member of the Democratic leadership. those firefighters in New York. We owe on the rule of law and reflect the les- Ms. DELAURO. Mr. Speaker, I rise in it to our military personnel in the Pen- sons learned from history. The use of strong support of this legislation. This tagon. We owe it to those New Yorkers

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 05:47 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.151 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5663 that have had their world brought that the United States of America Ms. HOOLEY of Oregon. Mr. Speaker, down around their ears. must respond effectively and appro- I rise in support of the resolution. This resolution is good. It sets out priately to this unprecedented attack Mr. Speaker, every fourth of July, we cele- what we are about to do, and I am in on our people and our Nation. This res- brate our national independence. It’s a day strong support of it. We owe it to the olution gives awesome responsibility to when nearly all of us have the day off from world to show the world that democ- the President of the United States, but work, a day when we can gather with our fam- racy will stand and that an isolated it should not be interpreted as unlim- ilies for a cook out, and maybe attend the terrorist cannot hurt America perma- ited power to use force or commit local parade or spend the day lounging by the nently. troops. pool. It’s a day when we can see the latest Mr. Speaker, we will send that mes- This resolution has been carefully Hollywood Blockbuster—this past year it was sage. We will send it with over- drafted to restrict our response to Pearl Harbor, a movie based on what, until whelming force. God bless America. those we know to be responsible for this past Tuesday, was the most horrible at- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am this atrocity. It is not a carte blanche tack ever on American soil. pleased to yield 1 minute to my distin- for the use of force. This resolution re- Because vacation days are so hard to come guished colleague, the gentleman from quires compliance with the war powers by, many of us base our vacations around the Maryland (Mr. WYNN). resolution which directs the President 4th. This isn’t necessarily for the sake of the Mr. WYNN. Mr. Speaker, I thank the to report to the Congress and to con- holiday, but to simply save a vacation day. gentleman for yielding time. sult whenever possible. These require- And while there’s nothing wrong with any of Secretary of State Powell had it cor- ments and this power must not be the above practices, time and prosperity have rectly when he said, terrorism is a mellowed the significance of our national birth- scourge on our civilization. I am taken lightly. I have thought long and hard about day, as they have Memorial Day and Veterans pleased to stand in support of this call, this vote. I do not want to regret it. I Day. this call of our military might to want to be able to tell my grand- Mr. Speaker, that’s unfortunate for the sim- thwart the forces of terrorism. I am children that I voted this night to ple reason that on nights like this one, we’re pleased because we must bring these reminded that no one gave us our freedom. terrorists not just to justice but to a make the world safer. I pray that in supporting this resolution, we are mak- No one gave us our liberty. And while their un- punishment that will not soon be for- derlying principles were germinated in peace- gotten. ing the right decision, and I pray that the President will make the right deci- ful venues and distributed on pamphlets or But I also want to call up tonight our word of mouth, ultimately they were borne most important weapon, our national sions. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am through battle. will. We must have the will to send a Maybe our children don’t understand, but clear signal that our fight is with ter- pleased to yield 1 minute to my good friend and distinguished colleague, the the United Nations wasn’t there to let our fore- rorists, not with the Muslim world. We fathers conduct a plebiscite on whether the 13 gentleman from Rhode Island (Mr. must have the will in the face of gas colonies should remain part of England. lines, in the face of inconveniences, in LANGEVIN). Mr. LANGEVIN. Mr. Speaker, to- Maybe we’ve become so used to living side- the face of checkpoints. We must have by-side with African Americans we forget there the will to fight over the long haul. night I rise in support of the resolution authorizing the use of force to combat wasn’t any multi-national force willing to die by And we have that will. We must have the tens of thousands to free their ancestors the terrorist attacks of September 11, the will and the resolve to make it from slavery. And maybe we’ve grown so clear that while we will make adjust- 2001. Mr. Speaker, the terrorist acts of used to violence as entertainment the grainy ments in our life-styles, we will not images of Pearl Harbor don’t affect us any surrender our fundamental freedoms. cruelty and inhumanity committed 3 days ago have not weakened our Na- more—now we need a Hollywood movie to In the final analysis, I believe the convey the importance of a national tragedy. tion. Instead, the American people terrorists think we are too soft, that Mr. Speaker, as we consider this resolution have forged stronger bonds and have we are the soft, materialistic infidel. I tonight, remember this: our freedom, our unity, think, as in World War II, we will show demonstrated the compassion and con- our very way of life exist because previous them they are wrong, because the mes- cern that make our Nation great. generations of Americans have time and time sage from our national will will be United in our resolve, the United again been willing to place a higher value on clear and simple. We will not yield. States is prepared to take action our freedom than on their own lives. God bless America. against those who have threatened us. As much as I disdain the notion that taking Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield America has the determination, human life is a decision for politicians to 1 minute to my good friend, the gen- strength and courage to combat the make—events of this week have placed us in tleman from New York (Mr. HOUGH- scourge of terrorism. We will identify a position where, as previous members of this TON). the people, powers, and organizations body have done before, we must ask our fel- Mr. HOUGHTON. Mr. Speaker, to- that have contributed to terrorism, we low citizens to once again fight those who de- night we talk patriotism, and we will hold them accountable for their test all we stand for. should. And we talk sacrifice, and we inhumanity, and we absolutely will not To all my colleagues assembled here to- should. And we talk courage. We talk stop. We will succeed. night, understand this: there will be Americans all those things about humanity and In the coming weeks, the men and who will not survive the fighting to come. we should. But I do think it is impor- women in our military and intelligence There will be casualties, both physical and tant for the American people to realize communities will be called upon to psychological. There will be parents who lose that this is going to be a very arduous, serve their Nation. I commend them their only children. There will be spouses who difficult, nasty, drawn-out struggle. for their dedication and their bravery. lose their soulmates, and children who will be One of the great characteristics and I also call upon the American people to orphaned. There will be small towns who will many times it is unsung, but it is maintain the solidarity demonstrated lose the child who sang the best in the church there, is perseverance. Just keeping on in recent days and to focus on the true choir, and big city neighborhoods who see going. It is so important that we as a enemy instead of targeting innocent young person always playing basketball come public and citizens understand that, be- people because of skin color or customs home without legs, or without arms. cause this is not going to be something or beliefs. Americans of all faiths, If we are going to send Americans to for- which brave words will conquer. It is races, and backgrounds join in con- ever silence those working to sow terror and only our perseverance. demnation of terrorism and together horror against our Nation, then let us do ev- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am we shall prove victorious. erything in our power to ensure they have the pleased to yield 1 minute to my good Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am resources to achieve a total victory. friend, the gentlewoman from Illinois pleased to yield such time as she may Let us ensure that when they come home (Ms. SCHAKOWSKY). consume to the distinguished gentle- Congress honors their sacrifice, not solely with Ms. SCHAKOWSKY. I thank the gen- woman from Oregon (Ms. HOOLEY). parades, but for the rest of their lives. tleman for yielding time. (Ms. HOOLEY of Oregon asked and Let us pledge tonight that veterans of this Mr. Speaker, along with all of my was given permission to revise and ex- and every war are treated as first-class citi- colleagues and all Americans, I believe tend her remarks.) zens, as well as the millions of Americans who

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 05:47 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.154 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5664 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 served our nation without having to fire a shot weary from digging to save lives, yet consume to the gentleman from in anger. No longer should they have to wait still able to raise their hands high over Vermont (Mr. SANDERS). weeks for medical treatment. No longer should their heads and chant ‘‘USA, USA’’ (Mr. SANDERS asked and was given they be homeless on our streets or go without when our President arrived. permission to revise and extend his re- psychological treatment if needed. No longer I met with Long Islanders, my con- marks.) should our retirees see their pensions hijacked stituents, one from East Islip, the Mr. SANDERS. Mr. Speaker, I thank to help balance our budget. other from Huntington Station, who the gentleman for yielding me time. War is a serious business, and we shouldn’t had been on the scene tirelessly since Mr. Speaker, as you know, under the au- take what we’re about to do lightly. Yes, the this calamity in a heroic effort to save thority of the War Powers Act the President al- attacks of September 11, 2001 require us to lives and rebuild our city. I salute ready has the legal right to use force when eradicate an enemy that has proven to be them and all of our unsung heroes who this country is attacked—as was the case on more deadly than any we’ve ever faced. Sup- continue the efforts to provide comfort Tuesday when some 5,000 Americans were port this resolution, and support our men and in a time of tragedy and save lives in a killed in an unspeakable act of terrorism. So, women in the armed forces. But remember time of war. in an important respect, this debate is more symbolic than legally necessary. their sacrifices not just today, but years from b 2145 now after they have won this war, when Me- Americans have prayed in churches, syna- morial Day or the 4th of July are once again Mr. Speaker, we did not choose this gogues, mosques and other places of worship over the last four days. They have prayed for excuses to take a break from work or to spend fight, it chose us; and now we have no strength, for courage, for an end to this horror, an afternoon off enjoying ourselves with choice but to strike back in the defense and for peace. They have heard sermons that friends and family. of our lives, to defend our way of life, Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield and to remember throughout the or- spoke of love being stronger than hate, of the 1 minute to the gentleman from New deal to come what this fight is about, forces of good triumphing over evil. I will vote for this resolution because I believe that the York (Mr. GRUCCI). the lives that were lost and the free- (Mr. GRUCCI asked and was given doms and liberties that we preserve. use of force is one tool that we have at our permission to revise and extend his re- Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield disposal to fight against the horror of terrorism marks.) 2 minutes to the gentleman from New and mass murder. One tool but it is not our Mr. GRUCCI. Mr. Speaker, I, along York (Mr. GILMAN), the chairman only tool, and it is something that must be with a number of my colleagues from emeritus. used wisely . . . and with great discretion. New York, New Jersey, and Con- (Mr. GILMAN asked and was given I believe that we must work with other na- necticut, visited what is now known as permission to revise and extend his re- tions to root out, capture and eliminate the ter- rorists who have caused such terrible suffering ground zero in New York’s lower Man- marks.) in our country and elsewhere. But we must hattan, the site where the two proud Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I thank also understand that widespread and indis- buildings of the World Trade Center the gentleman for yielding me time. criminate force could lead to more violence once stood. I watched on the faces of Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support and more anti-Americanism. those who were working and those who of this joint resolution authorizing the just use of force against those who Mr. Speaker, the people of the developing were volunteering. And while there was world must know that we do not hate them, have attacked our Nation. sadness in their eyes, there was a de- but only the terrorists who hide in their midsts Our Constitution places the Congress termination in their movement, in and control their lives. By word and deed, we at the center of any decision to use their step, and in their actions. There must show those people that we are on their force over any extended period of time. was a commitment on their part to side, rather than the terrorists who exploit It is time for us to carefully weigh and hold together and to band together and them. to do what needs to be done in that support this important decision. Mr. Speaker, the President has an enor- Herculean effort in trying to move the It is long past due for armed action mous responsibility. I pray that he uses it well tons of rubble and steel to look for the against those who have barbarically at- and that Congress provides him with effective precious body that still may be gasping tacked our Nation. The individuals and guidance. for air and waiting for arrival of those nations involved in this terrorism de- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am to come to help them. I stood with serve to feel the full wrath of our great pleased to yield 1 minute to the gen- those who were working, and I under- Nation, and I am confident they will tleman from Illinois (Mr. EVANS), the stood their pain in their heart and the feel the wrath of the entire civilized ranking member of the Committee on sadness in their face but the deter- world. The American people will lead Veterans’ Affairs. mination that they have to make sure that worldwide effort, united behind Mr. EVANS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in that those who perpetrated this crime our commander in chief. strong support of the resolution au- never do it again, not to us but not to Earlier today I had the honor, along thorizing the President to use military anyone in the world. with my colleagues, to accompany force against the terrorist threat fac- Mr. Speaker, I rise to support this President Bush to my home city of ing our Nation. resolution tonight. But, more than New York, witnessing firsthand the in- The events of this week will be for- that, I rise as a proud American with credible abominable destruction at the ever seared into the memory of this all of my colleagues here in this House World Trade Center. The President Nation. The sheer scale of this tragedy and all Americans throughout this movingly encouraged those workers is almost unimaginable. In a single country. We will find those who have dedicated to rescuing the missing. day, we lost more Americans than done this and bring them to justice. America is united behind our Presi- some of our bloodiest battles of our Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am dent, behind our Armed Forces, and be- history, and it happened on our soil. pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- hind all those who will join in our war The shock and horror of these uncon- guished gentleman from New York (Mr. against terrorism. And our Nation will scionable acts have quickly turned into ISRAEL). not stand alone. We are all moved by anger and rage. However, we must put Mr. ISRAEL. I thank the gentleman the many manifestations of solidarity this all into perspective. By passing for yielding time. and sympathy that have come from the resolution before us today, we will Mr. Speaker, today I also join the leaders throughout the world. show that America will act forcefully President of the United States and Mr. Speaker, our people have borne and decisively in the face of unspeak- Democrats and Republicans from this the deep pain and sorrow of this ruth- able evil. The resolution will empower House in a place of war and a place of less attack. We are beginning our re- the President and the armed services hope. In the wreckage of the World covery; and, by this legislation, for to take the steps necessary to defeat Trade Center, we saw the signs of war, which I urge support, we are ready to the forces of terrorism and punish the twisted steel, shattered windows, defeat terrorism. culprits who are responsible for these smoking ruins. But, Mr. Speaker, God bless America, and may God heinous acts. amidst the devastation we saw the bless the American people. Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield signs of America: small flags planted in Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am 1 minute to the gentleman from Con- the rescue workers’ helmets, people pleased to yield such time as he may necticut (Mr. SHAYS), the chairman of

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 06:12 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A14SE7.078 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5665 the Subcommittee on National Secu- We stand united with our President, every race, ethnicity and religious denomina- rity of the Committee on Government and we support him. tion. Reform. We stand united as a people, so the In 1973, The War Powers Resolution (Public (Mr. SHAYS asked and was given per- world will know we cannot and will not Law 93–148) was passed over the veto of mission to revise and extend his re- permit these terrorists to rob us of our President Nixon, in order to provide proce- marks.) loved ones. dures for Congress and the President to par- Mr. SHAYS. Mr. Speaker, I have pre- We stand united to defeat any at- ticipate in decisions to send U.S. Armed pared remarks, but I would just like to tempts of terrorists to rob us of our Forces into hostilities. speak from my heart that when you go freedom. We shall never surrender that Such force is constitutional under the Nec- to the Pentagon and when you go to freedom. essary and Proper Clause which specifically see ground zero in New York, you see We stand united in support of the provided that ‘‘Congress shall have the power an incredible contrast, the carnage of men and women who serve us in the to make all laws necessary and proper for car- the buildings and the hope and vitality Armed Forces and who will help us rying into execution, not only its own powers of the people. achieve justice. but also all other powers vested by the Con- When President Bush was there We shall respond, and we will never stitution in the Government of the United today and he stood up to speak to some forget the victims of this horrific at- States....’’ of the rescue workers, some of them tack. The policy behind this power, entrusted to could not hear, and they yelled out, Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am de- the President as Commander in Chief, to de- ‘‘We can’t hear you.’’ And he turned lighted to yield 1 minute to the distin- ploy U.S. armed forces to defend itself is ‘‘ex- around to them and said, ‘‘But we can guished gentlewoman from Texas (Ms. ercised only pursuant to: (1) A declaration of hear you. The whole world can hear JACKSON-LEE). war; (2) specific statutory authorization; or (3) you. And soon, those who committed (Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas asked a national emergency created by attack upon this dastardly, cowardly act, will hear and was given permission to revise and the United States, its territories or posses- from us.’’ extend her remarks.) sions, or its armed forces.’’ Pursuant to this I am voting for this resolution so Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. authority, the President ‘‘in every possible in- that they will hear from us. If I have Speaker, it is obvious that America stance’’ shall consult with Congress before de- one regret, it is that we did not give a will respond, and we will respond in a ploying U.S. Armed Forces, and to continue President, our President, this power a unified, factual and deliberate and consultations as long as the armed forces re- few years ago to respond to terrorism committed manner, we will act out of main in hostile situations. when it first struck. resolve and out of faith. So, I rise to By authorizing military action under the War Mr. Speaker, on behalf of the people I rep- support this resolution. Powers Act the American people not only sup- resent, I rise in strong support of authorizing We are today giving the President port the President, but they also provide guid- the use of our Armed Forces against those re- the authority to go after the people in- ance through their elected leaders that the ac- sponsible for the carnage in New York, Penn- volved in these terrorist acts. However tions this great nation takes are neither over sylvania, and Washington. there is a dual responsibility of the Acts of war have been committed against broad nor inadequate. This congress can and Congress and the President to work to- must assure the proper response and level of innocent men, women, and children going gether in times of aggression against about the daily business and routines that are retaliation. those who would do harm to the United Mr. Speaker, the acts of aggression per- American life. After a decade of peace, we are States. It must be done with the ad- petrated against us certainly qualify under the reminded in the harshest way that the United ministration, the President of the War Powers Act, and such consultations be- States has violent and cowardly enemies— United States, in consultation with tween the President and the Congress are that while the cold war is over, the world is a Congress. also clearly upon us. more dangerous place. I am prepared to support this resolu- A decade ago, Congress considered a reso- America has suffered perhaps the greatest tion. I know there are others in this lution authorizing another President George attack and act of aggression in its history. country who are fearful of entering Bush to use all means necessary to liberate Thousands of people were killed and injured in into hostilities and war; but I do be- Kuwait, a resolution I strongly supported. To this horrific act, simply because they were lieve that, in consultation under the this day, I consider the vote on that measure Americans and for their common love of free- War Powers Act of 1973, we are headed to have been the most important vote I cast dom and democracy. Therefore there is little in the right direction, for that act en- during my service in the House. doubt that collaboration between Congress Today, we face a far more daunting task. sures that the collective judgment of and the Executive is justified in this instance, This time, our enemy is faceless. It hides in both the Congress and the President as a matter of statutory and constitutional law. the shadows. Its mission is morally and spir- will apply to the introduction of The need for calm in compiling and ana- itually bankrupt. It’s united only in its hatred for United States Armed Forces into hos- lyzing the facts and evidence in this tragedy is our democratic ideals and peaceful way of life. tilities or into situations where immi- great. Also the need for restraint and cultural The path that lies ahead is a dangerous nent involvement in hostilities is sensitivity towards those in our communities one. Defeating this enemy won’t be easy, and clearly indicated by the circumstances who live as Americans, but who happen to be it won’t come quickly. Yet I am confident that and to the continued use of such forces American Muslims, Arab-Americans and authorizing force will save lives by preventing and hostilities or in such situations. Asian-Americans. As Americans, we must future acts of terrorism, and so I cast my vote We are unified—our country must re- demonstrate in this, our darkest hour, what without reservation. spond. We are determined to stand makes us truly great: our love and acceptance Mr. Speaker, this is a defining moment for against those who have acted violently of inclusiveness and cultural diversity. We our nation. After consoling the families who against the United States in order to must not attack innocent Americans who are have lost loved ones and after healing the bring about such a loss of life that we simply different. wounded, our duty as a free people is to sup- would crumble from FEAR. Never will But upon our discovery of the culprits of port, with all the resources available to us, the that happen, because the principles these heinous acts, our response must be de- many men and women waging the war against that strengthen us of God and coun- liberate and firm. The actions we take today terrorism. try—like truth will march on. set us upon a new course in history. Not un- I pray for the wisdom of our leaders, the Mr. Speaker, Members of this Congress are like what the Founding Fathers faced against courage of our Armed Forces, and that we will truly united in their faith in God and country. an unfathomable enemy and an inconceivable prevail over the evil that attacked us this That’s why we are unwaivered in our convic- challenge. This Congress, like those brave pa- week. tions and resolve to defend America and our triots before us, pledges its sacred honor and Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am interests against the acts of terror and cow- stands at the precipice of this new world pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- ardice perpetrated against us on September unafraid. We will overcome this terrible period guished gentleman from Wisconsin 11, 2001 at the World Trade Center, the Pen- in the history of our country and we will over- (Mr. BARRETT). tagon, and the crash in Somerset County, come. Mr. BARRETT of Wisconsin. Mr. Pennsylvania. These egregious acts against Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am Speaker, America stands united to- humanity took the lives of thousands of inno- pleased to yield 1 minute to the gentle- night. cent civilians that spanned God’s spectrum of woman from California (Ms. LOFGREN).

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 05:47 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.159 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5666 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 Ms. LOFGREN. Mr. Speaker, I intend justified. This resolution limits that use to re- Mr. Speaker, the United States is to vote for this resolution. Nearly spond to the September 11 attack on our Na- united in its commitment to bringing every Member of Congress this week tion. It is not only justified, but there is no to justice those who perpetrated this has said this: on Tuesday, September more legitimate use of military than to defend assault on our people. But make no 11, our country was brutally attacked. one’s country from acts of foreign attack. The mistake, this campaign may be long It was an act of war. It demands re- resolution recognizes the role and responsi- and it may be difficult. sponse. bility of Congress in authorizing and commit- As we take this action tonight, let us Under our Constitution, the Presi- ting our military to hostile action. The Constitu- pray for the men and women of our dent of the United States is com- tion provides that the Congress has the power armed services as they undertake this mander in chief. When America is at- to ‘‘provide for the common defense’’ and the assignment for our Nation. tacked, he assumes the obligations of power to ‘‘declare war’’. The resolution strikes Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 the commander in chief. It does not the right balance between the President and minutes to the gentleman from New matter whether the President is some- Congress and is in compliance with the War York (Mr. ACKERMAN), a senior member one you voted for. Our country has Powers Act, making it clear of the President’s of the Committee on International Re- only one President and only one com- obligations to consult with and inform Con- lations. (Mr. ACKERMAN asked and was mander in chief. gress. Now is the time for Congress to act. Let given permission to revise and extend This resolution authorizes the use of those who were responsible for these horrible force by America. As a matter of law, his remarks.) deeds know that the Congress and the Presi- Mr. ACKERMAN. Mr. Speaker, along the War Powers Act may not even re- dent and the American People are united and quire this resolution. The President with President, I, too, have just re- are resolved to bring the perpetrators to jus- turned from ground zero, the site of the likely already has the legal authority tice and to prevent such acts from ever hap- needed. greatest single human tragedy in our pening again on our shores. Nation’s history. The towering pyr- But this afternoon most of us prayed Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am amid of wreckage upon whose perim- together at the National Cathedral. At pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- eter in New York City I have just the end of the service, we stood to- guished gentleman from Illinois (Mr. walked hours ago is a monument, stag- gether and we sang ‘‘The Battle Hymn DAVIS). gering in its dimensions and horrifying of the Republic.’’ As we sang, I could Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I in its implications. not help but recall that when ‘‘The join with my colleagues in support of In that massive tomb, Mr. Speaker, Battle Hymn of the Republic’’ was this resolution authorizing the Presi- lie the remains of a still-unknown written, our country was divided, and dent to use military force against number of my fellow New Yorkers and it was the last time on American soil those responsible for the September 11, our fellow Americans. The terrorists when massive numbers of Americans 2001, attack on America. who murdered these people conceive of died in war, until this Tuesday. At the In addition, Mr. Speaker, to all of themselves as the hand of God and end of the song, we sang, ‘‘As He died those who have lost their lives and have executed their wicked judgment to make men holy, let us die to make loved ones or been injured, on behalf of against our people. And what were our men free.’’ the people of the Seventh District of Il- countrymen’s crimes? Their crime was While this resolution may not be le- linois, we extend to them our heartfelt to go to work in a free Nation. Their gally required, it is important to show condolences. crime was to get on an airplane. Their that we are united; that when America Finally, Mr. Speaker, we commend crime was to visit one of the greatest is attacked, Americans stand together. all of those who have committed tre- cities in the world. And, in many cases, Those who died on Tuesday will have mendous acts of bravery, who have Mr. Speaker, their crime was to at- died to make us free. given of themselves during this period, tempt to save the lives of other human Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am who have given even their lives so that pleased to yield such time as he may beings. others might live. We thank them for Mr. Speaker, the kind of havoc, mur- consume to the gentleman from Mary- their acts of heroism, and we shall der and carnage which the terrorists land (Mr. CARDIN). stand together. have inflicted upon our Nation can (Mr. CARDIN asked and was given Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am only be compared to war. And war, Mr. permission to revise and extend his re- pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gen- Speaker, is what we will give them marks.) tleman from Texas (Mr. FROST), the back. We know which neighborhoods Mr. CARDIN. Mr. Speaker. I rise in support distinguished Chair of the Democratic these people live in. We know who their of Senate Joint Resolution 23, a resolution to Caucus. landlords are. We will find out where authorize the use of United States Armed Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, today we they get their paychecks. We will hunt Forces against those responsible for the re- debate the gravest and most important them down, not only the most obvious cent attacks launched against the United matter that ever comes before the Con- of their public leaders, but also the States and its citizens. September 11, 2001, gress, the use of military force. most hidden of their private sup- will be a date that will live forever in the hearts Mr. Speaker, the cowardly, barbaric porters. and minds of freedom loving people. On that attack of September 11 was an assault Tonight, Mr. Speaker, evil again is date our country was attacked by terrorists in on America, on humanity and on the on the march, and we must respond. a way thought impossible. Thousands of inno- civilized world. It was the cold-blooded And respond we will. We will respond cent men, women, and children were mur- calculated murder of untold thousands to the terror that lives in the shadows dered. It has touched the lives of thousands of of innocent Americans. It was nothing and that hides in the dark. families and of all Americans. It was an attack less than evil, plain and simple. We know, Mr. Speaker, that we have on our people and our freedom. The resolution Mr. Speaker, September 11 changed not borne our final pain; but America before us authorizes the President to take the much about America and the world, is embarking on a great campaign, one appropriate action including if needed the use but I am proud to say that it has not which will not be easy, one which will of our military against those nations, organiza- perverted our democratic system. That take some time. Like the beginning of tions or people who planned, authorized, com- is because the Congress and the Presi- the Cold War, we may not be able to mitted or aided the terrorist attacks that oc- dent, as coequal branches of govern- foresee the end of this conflict; but, curred on September 11, 2001. The resolution ment, have worked together, con- Mr. Speaker, we can be certain of who specifically directs that such action be targeted sulting closely throughout the process. the winner will be. to prevent any future acts of international ter- As a result, we have agreed to this res- rorism against the United States by such enti- olution. b 2200 ties. So we speak with one voice tonight, Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am Mr. Speaker, we have an obligation to pro- Mr. Speaker, and the House will over- pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- tect the safety of our citizens, particularly whelmingly vote to authorize the guished gentleman from Michigan (Mr. those within our own country. This resolution President to use military force to re- KILDEE). helps us carry out that responsibility. Our mili- spond to the terrorist acts of Sep- Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, unimagi- tary force must only be used when it is clearly tember 11. nable evil has been perpetrated against

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 05:47 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.163 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5667 our free country. We must authorize America will overcome this evil. A President. This is an historic moment our President to take all necessary ac- united America will continue to be a in our country, a sad moment. But I tions to prevent those responsible for beacon for freedom-loving people, and a would just like to express a thought for these dastardly acts from again inflict- united America will prevail in the end. the future. ing such cowardly malice against our Mr. Speaker, I urge support of this We are kidding ourselves if we think people. resolution. this will be easy, and I do not believe Today our Congress reflects the re- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am anybody understands it to be easy. We solve and unity of the American people pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- are going to call up thousands of re- in supporting our President in restor- guished gentleman from Ohio (Mr. servists soon, and we are going to put ing peace and security to our peace- STRICKLAND). men and women in harm’s way soon. loving country. The Commander in Mr. STRICKLAND. Mr. Speaker, I This will not be a 100-hour ground cam- Chief of our Armed Forces has an awe- rise in support of this resolution. paign; this will not be an air war we some responsibility. Let us unite be- Mr. Speaker, a previous speaker ex- watch on TV. This will affect every hind him as he carries out his duty to pressed disappointment that this reso- American family even deeper than it our people. lution is not an explicit declaration of has now, but it is worth it. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am war. Let me reassure the gentleman. This is the right thing to do. Let us pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- The recipient of America’s forthcoming end it now. Let us stand behind our guished gentleman from California sword of justice will not be able to rec- President and go after the organiza- (Mr. THOMPSON). ognize the difference. tions from top to bottom who per- Mr. THOMPSON of California. Mr. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am petrated such a heinous act. We can do Speaker, tonight I will vote to support pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- it as a Nation if we stay together and our efforts to stop terrorism. guished gentleman from Washington keep the spirit of September 11 alive. This is going to be a difficult vote for (Mr. INSLEE). Do not give in to terrorism. me. Since early in 1970, when I stepped Mr. INSLEE. Mr. Speaker, as I Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am off an airplane in Vietnam and joined walked down here, I saw in the cloak- pleased to yield such time as he or she my infantry unit, it has been my room NBC News reported that from cell may consume to the gentlewoman from dream and it has been my prayer that phones they could tell that the people the Virgin Islands (Mrs. CHRISTENSEN). no American would ever again have to on the Pennsylvania flight fought the (Mrs. CHRISTENSEN asked and was shed their blood nor give their life on hijackers, and that that flight was given permission to revise and extend foreign soil. As a Member of Congress, likely targeted for the building where her remarks.) I never dreamed of voting to send our we stand. The vision of the World Mrs. CHRISTENSEN. Mr. Speaker, I American men and women into com- Trade Center and the vision of the rise in support of this resolution. bat, but then I never dreamed I would Citadel, symbol of democracy for this Mr. Speaker, I rise with a heavy, heavy be calling the mother and the father of globe, leads me to know in my heart heart, to join my colleagues to authorize our a young man from Eureka, California, and in my gut, this is the right thing President, to use the necessary and appro- in my district, who was on board one of for our Nation to do. priate force against those who will be identi- those hijacked airplanes on September Our enemy does not understand our fied as the perpetrators of the terrorists act of 11. national family. He perceives our free- Tuesday, September 11, 2001, that killed so This past Tuesday, terrorists at- dom of religion as weakness. He per- many of our loved ones, in a diabolical at- tacked America and they attacked the ceives our freedom of speech as lack of tempt to strike fear in the hearts of our Na- American people. They murdered thou- discipline. He is about to discover that tion’s leaders and all Americans. sands of Americans, and we must en- he is wrong on all counts. Yes, we must vindicate those thousands of sure that we do all in our power to end Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am lives, like Sgt. Maudlin White of my district, so terrorism and to stop the terrorists pleased to yield 1 minute to the gentle- that their dying will not be in vain. from striking again. Our country is woman from Ohio (Ms. KAPTUR), our But, Mr. Speaker, I stand here humbled by great because the people of our country distinguished colleague and my good the heavy responsibility that is ours—the spe- are great, and we will, we will, with re- friend. cific authority to declare war that is bestowed solve, stand together to protect our Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, I thank by the Constitution, on us as Members of this freedom. the distinguished gentleman (Mr. LAN- body. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am TOS) for yielding me this time. And though I stand here with my col- pleased to yield 1 minute to the distin- I rise tonight in strong support of leagues, in this awesome time of decision, I guished gentleman from New Mexico this resolution to grant unprecedented do so as one who is not afforded the oppor- (Mr. UDALL). authority to our President for the first tunity to cast a vote. At many other times, I (Mr. UDALL of New Mexico asked time in U.S. history to deploy our have felt the sting of not being fully able to and was given permission to revise and Armed Forces against organizations participate in our democracy, but never more extend his remarks.) and persons that are not nation states, than tonight. For tonight we authorize our Mr. UDALL of New Mexico. Mr. as well as those that are nation states. President to send my constituents, like all oth- Speaker, I thank the gentleman for We take this step with the certain ers to a war unlike any other before, and per- yielding me this time. knowledge that our first duty is to pro- haps to die for this country, which we love. Mr. Speaker, when I swore my oath tect and defend our Nation against all But we must, because now we fight a war, to preserve, protect, and defend the enemies, foreign and domestic. Never where all of us—at home, at work, at school, Constitution of the United States, I have we been more united in our cause. at church, and anywhere—are at risk, as was never imagined that this country or I We also take this step understanding so clearly and tragically shown this week. And would be where we are today. We each the character of U.S. foreign policy for so, while many of us harbor reservations swear our allegiance to one another the last century has also yielded levels about the breadth of the powers bestowed, we and to our country, yet the magnitude of hate against our Nation, by omission must stand by our President, and for our fel- of our oath is only understood when we or commission, that demand deep and low Americans, and pray for God’s wisdom, face situations like we face today. Dur- immediate reevaluation. We pray for and guidance, as he carries out the heavy ing trying times such as these, the our people who have had thrust upon weight of his office. American spirit shines most brightly them such unjust suffering. May God Mr. Speaker, if there was ever a time when and we find within ourselves the abil- bless America and our allies with wis- decisive and immediate decisive military action ity to overcome challenges once dom. Our unyielding causes are free- would be required as soon as certain informa- thought unthinkable and unimagi- dom and justice. tion becomes known, it is in the wake of Tues- nable. Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield day’s unprovoked and unwarranted attacks in The cowardly terrorists perpetrating 1 minute to the gentleman from South which innocent lives were snuffed out, for no these unspeakable acts may think they Carolina (Mr. GRAHAM). apparent purpose save that of general hatred have won, but they better think again, Mr. GRAHAM. Mr. Speaker, I too of Americans, America and all that she stands because they have united us. A united join the choir here of support for our for.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 06:18 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.167 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5668 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 The Bible tells us many things: It teaches So we have no choice but to respond Last May I stood on this floor and I that we should ‘‘not render evil for evil,’’ but it to these acts with ‘‘all necessary and welcomed my first new grandchild, and also tells us ‘‘if one lives by the sword, one appropriate force.’’ In the names of the I said at that time that for many of us will die by the sword.’’ The perpetrator of dead and of the missing, we can do no the issues that we deal with today, we Tuesday’s attacks and other attacks surely less. God bless America. need to think about how they affect planned, used and will yet use the sword of vi- Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am de- our children and our grandchildren. I olence against us, unless we stop them. lighted to yield 2 minutes to the gen- would submit to my colleagues today We must act, and act swiftly and decisively, tlewoman from New York (Mrs. that that is what I am thinking about, but we must also prepare ourselves better to LOWEY), the ranking Democrat on the because what we are doing today is se- prevent further attacks, and examine through Committee on Foreign Operations. curing for them our American way of honest introspection, if we have, in any way, (Mrs. LOWEY asked and was given life. given cause for such hate. permission to revise and extend her re- Our American way of life reflects And as we prepare to exact justice on the marks.) that fragile balance between our indi- perpetrators of this heinous crime, we must Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in vidual freedom and the security of our also be certain that we are indeed going after strong support of this resolution. Nation, because that is the cornerstone America stands at a threshold. Be- those who committed these crimes, and not of our democracy and to which our hind us lies our sense of security, now be over-reaching in our response. children are born. And to our foes: You shattered by intentional and brutal We must proceed with extreme and due have underestimated our will to assure acts of war. Before us lies our solemn caution, not so to wage war based on existing that that justice and that freedom obligation. Our steps over this thresh- prejudices, motives, or questionable informa- flourishes throughout our land. tion, lest we inadvertently become one of the old must be deliberate, they must be world’s terrorists ourselves. firm, and they must be brave. b 2215 And so, prayerfully, I join my colleagues in Today, Congress invokes our author- Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield support of this resolution to authorize our ity, derived from our Constitution and 2 minutes to the gentleman from Geor- President, George W. Bush, to use the author- the War Powers Resolution, to author- gia (Mr. LINDER). ity vested in him by the Constitution of the ize the use of force against enemies of Mr. LINDER. Mr. Speaker, I thank United States, to take action to deter and pre- the United States. Our object is not to the gentleman for yielding time to me. vent acts of international terrorism against the extract vengeance; mere retribution Mr. Speaker, not one Member of this United States and our Allies. will not make Americans safe, nor will body ran for election to go to war. We May God bless and keep our President, and it purge terrorism from this world. seek peace. But in the last century, may God bless and keep America, and may The battles ahead will be against an America has spent the lives of our our divine Parent bless and keep us all. enemy who knows no boundaries and young men and women in major con- has no shame, an enemy with no flag Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am flicts on five occasions on other shores and no official military, who lurks in pleased to yield 1 minute to the gen- to restore peace, and now war comes to the shadows of the world, cloaked in tleman from New Jersey (Mr. ROTH- us. malevolent ideology and attacks us in- MAN). We did not invite this, but we will discriminately. These will be battles (Mr. ROTHMAN asked and was given not shirk from it. A band of thugs has unlike any we have ever known and we permission to revise and extend his re- visited upon this Nation and upon in- must stand united with our President, marks.) nocent American citizens death and de- Mr. ROTHMAN. Mr. Speaker, I just our allies, and each other as we navi- struction, the likes of which the world returned with some of my colleagues gate the coming storm. The coming has never seen. It falls upon us to en- from New York, New Jersey, and Con- days and weeks will give us a clear pic- sure that not only can it not succeed necticut, from Ground Zero, at the ture of who stands on the side of jus- on our soil, but that it should not be World Trade Center in New York City. tice and freedom and who does not. tolerated in any corner of the globe. It was a terribly disturbing sight; al- Those who stand against us, actively, This resolution gives to our Presi- most incomprehensible, the magnitude by organizing, financing, or executing dent the tools to begin a long and ardu- of this horrific crime. But it was also terrorism, or passively, by sheltering ous campaign to end this terrorism. It an incredibly inspiring, uplifting mo- terrorists and their allies, or implic- will not end with the punishment of ment, and it filled me with a tremen- itly, by teaching hatred to children or one man or group or even one nation dous sense of confidence in our future. justifying violence against innocents, Confidence? The police, the fire- will know the full fury of a just and sympathetic to their cause. It will end fighters, rescue workers, utility work- gentle America aroused. We will not with a victory so brutal and decisive ers, Armed Forces, volunteers. To- rest until the world is free at last from that no one or group, no matter how gether, I know we, 270 million Ameri- the grave threat that struck so hard at much they hate freedom, will dare to cans, will win this war. United. No one our Nation’s heart. risk repeating the terror they have put can beat us. Since the end of the Cold War, this the world through for the last 30 years. It will not be quick or easy, but with Nation has taken much for granted: No nation state, no matter how much the will to do what is necessary for our freedom, our liberty, our safety. they hate America as the world’s most however long it takes, the people of the These days are over, I say to my col- conspicuous example of freedom, will United States of America will triumph, leagues. Today, at this moment, a new find it in their nation’s interest to at- and I have no doubt about that. generation is being called upon to de- tempt to surreptitiously support them. We will prevail because the fire of fend our way of life and protect our This will not be quick or easy, but freedom burns in us, and makes us un- citizens. A new war is upon our shores. this is a united Congress, this is a dedi- beatable. God bless America. Its first innocent casualties have al- cated President, the American people Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I yield ready fallen. Let us meet this test with are fully committed to our goal, and 1 minute to the gentleman from Con- all the unity and will we can muster, we will succeed. necticut (Mr. SIMMONS). and may God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am Mr. SIMMONS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 1 minute to our distin- support of this joint resolution. pleased to yield 1 minute to the gentle- guished colleague, the gentleman from As someone who has seen the face of woman from California (Mrs. DAVIS). Tennessee (Mr. CLEMENT). war for almost 4 years in Vietnam, I do (Mrs. DAVIS of California asked and Mr. CLEMENT. Mr. Speaker, I thank not relish the idea of returning to this was given permission to revise and ex- the gentleman for yielding time to me. state. But yesterday I traveled to the tend her remarks.) Mr. Speaker, we were all shocked, Pentagon and today I flew with my col- Mrs. DAVIS of California. Mr. Speak- horrified, disgusted, and sorrowed at leagues to New York to visit Ground er, as a new Member of Congress, I the tragic events that transpired Sep- Zero, my military colleagues and my hardly expected to have to take this tember 11, 2001, resulting in a large loss constituents who have been killed and extraordinary step, but I do it with the of life. My thoughts and prayers are are missing in what can only be called grave seriousness with which it is in- with the families. There is no doubt, an act of war. tended. all of our own lives hold more value to

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 06:18 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00050 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A14SE7.077 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5669 us than before, and we have been for- Americans still work to free those who our hearts ache; and we know that the ever changed as individuals and as a are trapped, to care for those who are days ahead will not be very easy. But nation by experiencing such a dev- injured, to recover those who are lost, in these past difficult days, America astating loss. Congress, on behalf of our good and has once again shown the world and In the days ahead, we must take a brave people, must act. perhaps even ourselves, Mr. Speaker, multifaceted approach in order to de- Mr. Speaker, this is the time for our just who we are, a land of courage and stroy terrorism and terrorists around Nation to lead the world in the fight generosity and extraordinary quiet he- the world. against terror, to strike a blow for fu- roes; a people of many colors, faiths, Make no mistake, the Congress fully ture generations for all people against backgrounds; a people who stand supports our President and will hold those who would try to achieve their united, not just in defense of our Na- those responsible who did those atro- goals through violence, terror, and tion but of our most cherished ideals, cious actions. We will do whatever is bloodshed. While these cowardly acts freedom, tolerance, diversity, and de- necessary to promote and protect our have shaken buildings, they cannot mocracy. way of life and to protect our families. shake the strong foundations of our na- When the world watched our national America remains a strong democracy, tion’s, our peoples’ spirit, our great de- prayer service earlier today they heard and the resilience of our people will mocracy. the healing words of many faiths. A prevail. Today we show that we are Ameri- Muslim imam, a Jewish rabbi, and Just a few weeks ago, I was in New cans united, united for our foes to see Christian clergy. York City; and I was toured around by and for our friends to see. Today we These Americans, like the rest of the the Port Authority of New York. We show the world that the manner in world, all worship God in their own were over there with the gentleman which we respond illustrates what way. But the common faith they share, from Florida (Mr. MICA) with the Sub- makes America great and shows Amer- what we have witnessed in the torrent committee on Aviation, and they ica to be good. of goodness this week as neighbors help showed us New York. I join with all of my colleagues in neighbors and strangers help strangers, Some of those people who took me Congress in expressing our Nation’s is that hate can never conquer our na- around are not with us anymore. I as- sorrow and outrage against this evil tional spirit. sure Members, we will remember them, event; even more, our firm resolve to We must prepare ourselves for the we will remember their memories, and root out terrorism. It will require a uncertain months and perhaps years we will do everything we can to bring long, hard effort, and a full measure of ahead. Every one of us will be asked to about justice for all. wisdom and courage. Those cowards give more, to do more, to help pull the Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am failed. Our freedom is not our vulner- plow of freedom forward. pleased to yield 1 minute to our valued ability, it is our greatest strength. With this resolution, we commit our- colleague, the gentlewoman from New Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am selves to that endeavor, to bring those York (Ms. VELA´ ZQUEZ). pleased to yield 1 minute to our distin- who attacked us on September 11 to Ms. VELA´ ZQUEZ. Mr. Speaker, I guished colleague, the gentleman from justice and to build a safer world. We strongly support this resolution on be- Michigan (Mr. STUPAK). half of my constituents and all New Mr. STUPAK. Mr. Speaker, I rise in draw strength from our unity of pur- York. Those who wear the uniforms of support of this resolution. I suspect pose in the unwavering support of firefighters, paramedics, nurses, and most Members will support it. As we friends and allies around the world. Today, we join together not as Demo- doctors are our soldiers. We will not let have heard from voices throughout the crats nor Republicans, but Mr. Speak- their courage, big heart, and hard work land, people are looking for swift, re- er, as proud Americans prepared to de- to rebuild our city amid the rubble be vengeful action from our Armed fend freedom as our forebears did be- forgotten. Forces. We are facing a different kind of war In my own district, my own constitu- fore us. requiring a different kind of response. ents are mourning the death of Army Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield We will need more vigilance at home Major Kip Taylor, who died in Tues- myself such time as I may consume. Before yielding back the balance of and more cooperation abroad. Flexi- day’s attack on the Pentagon. I am our time, may I just say that I arrived bility and creativity are required to sure we all want swift retribution, but on these shores in August of 1947, and prevent further assaults. We must be I am reminded of the old saying that in all those years I have never been smarter and faster than our foe. revenge is a dish best served cold. We support this action because our This resolution authorizes the Presi- more proud to be an American than cause is just. There is no conceivable dent to strike, and to strike hard. But this week. The unity, the goodness, the justification for shedding the blood of let us make sure we identify our tar- commitment, the decency of our people innocents. We do not seek vengeance, gets carefully. Today as we gathered at has been so obvious and clear and so for Americans are not a vengeful peo- the National Cathedral on this day of powerful and moving. This country will ple. Americans cherish justice, and prayer and remembrance, we sang the stand united as we destroy inter- that is what we seek here. Battle Hymn of the Republic. national terrorism, however long it This resolution would allow us to We sang those words that we hope takes. pursue, prosecute, and punish these will send a chill through our enemies: Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance criminals. We do this because civilized ‘‘He hath loosed the faithful lightning of our time. nations prove again and again that ter- of his terrible swift sword.’’ Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I yield the rorists have no legitimacy among Mr. Speaker, the sword we loosen to- balance of our time to the distin- them. night is indeed terrible. May its aim be guished majority leader, the gentleman With the sustained and inalterable swift and true in bringing us justice from Texas (Mr. ARMEY). will demonstrated here tonight, and and peace. Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, I would the cooperation of peace-loving people Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield as like to thank the gentleman from Illi- around the world, we will prevail. I much time as he might consume to our nois (Mr. HYDE) for yielding me this strongly support this resolution. distinguished Democratic whip, the time, and I thank both him and the Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am gentleman from Michigan (Mr. gentleman from California (Mr. LAN- pleased to yield 1 minute to our col- BONIOR). TOS) for your leadership on the floor league, the gentleman from New Jer- Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, I thank during this debate. sey, (Mr. HOLT). my colleague, the gentleman from I would like to thank, Mr. Speaker, (Mr. HOLT asked and was given per- California (Mr. LANTOS), for managing all my colleagues, all these Members of mission to revise and extend his re- the time today on this most important this House of Representatives. Today I marks.) resolution and for his contributions, as have had a rare opportunity. I had an Mr. HOLT. Mr. Speaker, I thank the well as the distinguished gentleman opportunity to listen to most of the gentleman for yielding time to me. from Illinois (Mr. HYDE). speeches, and it was a good debate Mr. Speaker, today, even as we bind Mr. Speaker, together we mourn our about a serious subject. Mr. Speaker, the wounds as thousands of brave Nation’s terrible, terrible losses and this is a serious moment for each and

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 06:18 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00051 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.172 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5670 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 every one of us, and you can see it as a Nation we do it well. Not perfect, tary force when I believed it was un- weighing in our hearts. but well. And we work so hard at doing warranted. In many ways, my political Every now and then, Mr. Speaker, we that for others we require that it be awakening began with my active oppo- are called upon to understand and the same for us. sition to the war in Vietnam. But, Mr. reach deep into our hearts and minds Tonight, we have gathered here to Speaker, those of my colleagues who to understand who we are as a Nation. discuss something, and I have heard so are rightly skeptical of the use of I have seen it before my eyes in all the many of my colleagues in this body say force, and who recognize how very re- scenes we have seen described here to- it, it is something we do not want to luctant we must be when sending our night and the horror of the attack and do, to join again in authorization with young men and women into harm’s the splendor of our heroic response. our President, the commander in chief way, must understand the threat and Even in the most brief circumstances, of the United States of America, to the stakes if we fail to act. with our hearts broken, we reached out commit our young men and women in Many have said that the events of to help others across this land. uniform to the field of danger in the Tuesday changed the world forever. I think, Mr. Speaker, there is one defense of freedom. A simple thing, The world has not changed. The people phrase from our sacred documents that done over and over and over again. who carried out this murderous attack tells us who we are, why are we here, We have been reminded by others, on our Nation, the organizations which why did we come to this land from all some of us, of the costs we might ex- recruited, trained, and supplied them, other this world, with all our different pect these young men and women to the governments which gave them shel- creeds, denominations, Nations of ori- pay, the costs that have been paid by ter and support are still there. We now gin, nationalities. the heroes we have talked about in this know without any doubt what the price We came here in search of one thing. debate. This will not come cheap. of inaction, of appeasement, of willful We came here to secure the blessings of There will be mamas and daddies with blindness will be. liberty for ourselves and our posterity. broken hearts with the loss of the most The world has not changed, but I be- That is what we wanted. We have had precious gift the good Lord has ever lieve the American people have. Our to struggle too many times, Mr. Speak- given them: their children. Nation is now ready to recognize that er, in the history of this great world as But when mothers and fathers in this we have been in a war for many years. we have tried to play out that wonder- great land lend their children to the Our people now recognize that if we do ful drama as a marvelous experiment cause of freedom, they do just that. We not defend ourselves in that war from in the history of the world. We have do not commit our children for frivo- those for whom our lives, our children, and our way of life are a daily affront, had to struggle against our own imper- lous reasons to fields of danger. This is we will not survive as a Nation. We fections and there has been hurt; and not about revenge. It is not in our must now exercise the right under the we tried to overcome that hurt. heart. We are a good Nation. We are a United Nations Charter to collective On so many other occasions we have kind Nation. We will forgive our en- emies in victory; and we struggle to self-defense. been called upon to struggle for the I wish we had a choice, but the forgive ourselves for our imperfections, freedom that we love so much against charred rubble and the thousands of but we do not commit our children to the enemies of freedom. Even in the be- dead Americans lying just blocks from acts of vengeance. ginning of this great Nation, with the my office in Manhattan, and the hun- We do not cheapen the heroism of our minutemen, we took to our muskets to dreds more a stone’s throw from this great American heroes with the quest win our freedom. And another time we very building demonstrate that we of territory or the thought of domi- fought with one another, and just have no choice. We must pass this reso- nance of other people. We will spend about lost the greatness of this Nation lution. We must wage the war that has our heroes only for freedom, decency and we brought it back together. been thrust upon it. We must do it res- and respect; for the right to live an or- But for the most part, Mr. Speaker, olutely, and we must be victorious and dinary mundane everyday life, to go to we have had to spend our young men rid the world of this scourge of ter- work and be left alone, to do our bit and women in the defense of freedom rorism. for other people, and I always admired and share with others, to hold our chil- Mr. Speaker, I have just returned from my us so much for that. dren and put them to bed at night with congressional district and walked with the a very simple little kiss on the cheek b 2230 President through the ruins of the World Trade and a very soft little assurance: sleep What Nation ever in the history of Center. Somewhere in those charred and safely, my darling, for you are in twisted ruins lie the bodies of relatives, the world has so much loved freedom America and you are free and you are that they spent their own peace to de- friends, children, colleagues, neighbors, fire- safe and our heroes have made it so for fighters, police officers, working people, and fend the freedom of people other than you. innocent tourists. themselves? That is to be known, that Mr. Speaker, let us vote for this reso- I have spent much of my career speaking is to be respected, that is to be cher- lution. Let us take this harsh task. Let out against the use of military force when I be- ished, if only by ourselves. us ask our young men and women once lieved it was unwarranted. In fact, in many And now we are challenged again. more in America to go out and be the ways my political awakening began with my Why do they challenge us? What do sensational heroes at risk that they active opposition to the war in Vietnam. But, they seek to achieve? Are they wanting never wanted to be and, bless our Mr. Speaker, those of my colleagues who are to change our commitment to freedom hearts, that we never wanted them to rightly skeptical of the use of military force, across the globe? Do they think we are have to be. Let us get this done. Let us and who recognize how every careful we must a bother to them as they try to sup- remove this blight on the world. And, be when we consider sending our young men press other people and deny them their Mr. Speaker, let us have the blessings and women into harm’s way, must look care- rights? A great Nation does not change of liberty for ourselves, but oh so much fully at this threat and understand the stakes the course of its policies towards other more importantly, for our posterity. if we fail to act. nations and other people because of the (Mr. NADLER asked and was given Many have said that the events of Sep- cruel, inhumane acts of terrorism by permission to address the House for 1 tember 11, 2001, changed the world forever. barbaric people who do not understand minute and to revise and extend his re- But if our lives were changed forever, the respect. We will not change who we are marks.) world was not. The people who carried out and what we stand for in this world and Mr. NADLER. Mr. Speaker, the this murderous attack on our Nation, the orga- who we have been and what we have World Trade Center is in my district, nizations which recruited, trained, and sup- stood for in this world because of this. and I just this moment returned from plied them, the governments which gave them I am told that in some instances, traveling in the district with the Presi- shelter and support, the fanatical leaders who with some of these people, they hate dent, walking through the ruins of the have whipped up hatred so great that young our religion. We only ask that we all World Trade Center, where there are people were willing to fly planes filled with in- gather together and give respect for thousands of bodies buried. nocent civilians into crowded office buildings— one another in our religious beliefs. We I have spent much of my career all of these despicable murders and dema- try to do that for others, and I believe speaking out against the use of mili- gogues have been at work for years. The only

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 06:18 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00052 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\K14SE7.177 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5671 thing that has changed is that we have now age and destruction. And for those who But we have another duty as well—a duty to joined the family of nations which has far too say that this was done by cowardly, ourselves and to the things we hold most long paid a terrible price because we have faceless villains, yes, they were cow- dear. failed to act. ardly; but the face that we see is the To paraphrase Churchill, this week may We now know without any doubt what the face of evil and hatred in our world prove to be only the end of the beginning of price of inaction, of appeasement, of willful today. events that will challenge us all. Those events blindness, will be. When we allow nations We contrasted that evil with the likely will test our resolve in persisting through which offer shelter and pay tribute to these hope and the determination and the a long and unsettling struggle. And they defi- murders to pretend that they are our friends, courage of the firefighters and police nitely will test our dedication to our own prin- we get the betrayal we ourselves have invited. officers and rescue squad personnel ciples—the very principles that have made Anyone who witnessed the mobs in the Pales- working with the glimmer of hope of America what it is and so have made us hated tinian territories celebrating our tragedy in the finding additional survivors. For these by those who hate those principles. streets understands the attitude of our enemy individuals who have worked in the We must not waiver in defending those prin- in this war; they shake your hand and then toughest of circumstances for 3 days, it ciples. We must not weaken in our determina- cheer your pain. was incredible to see their faces light tion to maintain our Constitution and democ- So the world has not changed, but I believe up with words of encouragement from racy. And we must not surrender or reduce the American people have. Our Nation is now our President. the basic freedoms and the rights of all Ameri- ready to recognize that we have been in a war There was so much noise and machin- cans—because, if we do any of those things for many years, and our people now recognize ery. There was a firefighter in the back we will have lost the struggle, whatever the re- that if we do not defend ourselves in that war who yelled, ‘‘Mr. President, we can’t sults of the use of force authorized by this res- from those for whom our lives, our children, hear you.’’ And the President re- olution. and our way of life are a daily affront, we will sponded with, ‘‘But I can hear you, and not survive as a nation. all of America can hear you. And for Mr. LEACH. Mr. Speaker, American govern- The Constitution gives Congress the awe- those who took down these buildings, ance today is confronted with an unprece- some power to declare war and authorize the they are going to hear from us.’’ dented challenge. A concerted terrorist attack use of military force in the defense of the Na- Tonight’s resolution represents our has been perpetrated against our institutions, tion. The United Nations Charter gives mem- opportunity to make sure that they do people, and way of life. As legislators we are ber nations the right to ‘‘collective self-de- hear from us. Tonight, we have an op- obligated to look to our constitutional heritage fense.’’ Tonight we do just that. I wish we had portunity to stop this evil. We do not to craft an appropriate response. What is clear a choice, but the charred rubble and the thou- seek revenge; we seek justice. We know is the imperative to act. What is less clear is sands of dead just blocks from my office in that this is not going to be a short- the methodology to pursue. Manhattan, and the hundreds more a stones term project. We need to bear down and Terrorism is neither easily understood nor throw this very building, demonstrate that we have perseverance for the long haul. combatted. The assaults on the World Trade do not. We will root out those who were re- Center and the Pentagon represent perhaps (Mr. ENGEL asked and was given sponsible for that massacre, and Amer- more a conspiracy of hatred than a tradition- permission to address the House for 1 ica will stare down the face of evil and ally understood act of war. Yet the rationale minute and to revise and extend his re- hatred. for an international police action led by U.S. marks.) To those who have endured so much Armed Forces must be rooted in traditional Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I, too, have suffering, we will not let you down. just war doctrine. just come back from New York with Mr. UDALL of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, I am There is in the Western tradition a hallowed the President, and I must say that I voting for this resolution with a heavy heart, just war doctrine developed by ecclesiastics still have the mud all over me. Being a but without hesitation. and jurists, followed by statesmen, instinctively New Yorker, born and bred, I was not Like the hearts of all Americans, my heart is accepted by the peoples of many countries in prepared for what I saw at ground zero. heavy with grief for all those killed and injured tradition and right. Briefly, it holds that for war Ten years ago, Mr. Speaker, I stood in this week’s despicable attacks. It is weight- to be considered just, it must be animated by in the well and was one of the Demo- ed with sympathy for all their families and a just cause and informed by righteous inten- crats who crossed party lines to sup- friends, and with concern for what may lie tion, that it be undertaken by a lawful political port the first President Bush in the ahead for our country and for other people authority and only as a last resort, and that Persian Gulf War to do what he needed around the world. rectifying actions be proportionate to the to do as our commander in chief, and I But, however heavy our hearts, we in the wrongs committed. now do the same 10 years later with Congress and throughout America know we With this resolution Congress is obligated to President Bush. must not lose heart. lay forth an intent to hold accountable to the This is a very difficult time for all We know we must not hesitate to fulfill our bar of justice perpetrators of a crime against Americans. We need to band together responsibilities to our fellow citizens and to our civilized values. We do this, however, with no to fight this scourge of terrorism, and country. intent of territorial aggression nor desire to I think we know it now more than ever We know that if we do, we will be giving precipitate breaches between the Moslem and before. I have never been more proud to way to terror and giving victory to those who Judeo-Christian worlds. Indeed, we act our of be an American. I have never been seek to terrorize America. a desire to emphasize what unites rather than more proud to be a New Yorker, to see And all Americans—Christians, Jews, Mus- divide the three great monotheistic religions. the firemen, the policemen, the iron lims, and all others, too—know that we cannot workers, and everyone else working to- let these criminal deeds go unanswered. All moral communities are structured by reli- gether to try to find more survivors, to This resolution is a key part of the answer. gious values. Thus our revolution against Brit- try to do whatever they can to help It says the President can use force in a ‘‘nec- ish authority was premised upon ‘‘self-evident’’ each other. essary and appropriate’’ response directed at individual rights and legitimized by an ‘‘appeal This is going to be a long prolonged those who ‘‘planned, authorized, committed, or to heaven,’’ a higher law of conscience which fight. As our President said, it is a war, aided the terrorist attacks on September 11, precedes the more mundane civil laws of soci- a war on terrorism, but a war that we 2001,’’ as well as those who harbored the per- ety. In establishing our constitutional form of will win. I am very, very proud; proud petrators, so they will not commit new of- government the Founders brought into being of this body and proud to be an Amer- fenses. It is broad, but it is not unlimited. It not a secular system, but a desectarianized ican. God bless America. covers the culpable but it is not aimed at any- one premised on the dual conviction that no (Mr. FERGUSON asked and was one else. political leader or institution speaks for God, given permission to address the House In other words, in voting for this resolution, and at the same time, that under God, truth for 1 minute and to revise and extend I am voting not for vengeance but for justice. and right are not matters ultimately decided by his remarks.) I think it is the duty of all civilized people to majority vote. Mr. FERGUSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise insist on meting out justice to those who are The decision not to establish a state church, in strong support of this resolution. I, guilty, including those who have aided and however, was never intended to precipitate a too, came back from ground zero in abetted the perpetrators—and we must not divorce of religious values from politics. Citi- New York, the site of so much wreck- hesitate to carry out that duty. zens were expected to derive their values

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 06:18 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00053 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A14SE7.085 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5672 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 from religion, but to practice their faith by ex- our dilemma to turn against us, however right- vinced that military action will not prevent fur- ample rather than coercion; to be moral with- eous our cause. Fanaticism, in other words, ther acts of international terrorism against the out moralizing. Likewise, governance was in- should be matched by a commitment to right United States. tended to be rooted in law and due process or wrong, not counter-fanaticism. The funda- I know that this use-of-force resolution will and the resolution we are now debating is in- mental goal of the policy we sanction this pass although we all know that the President tended to underscore the role of our legisla- evening must be prevention, not revenge. can wage a war even without this resolution. tors in advancing a foreign policy decision. Finally, a note about historical parallels. The However difficult this vote may be, some of us Here, it demands stressing that for a com- Gulf of Tonkin resolution is not proper prece- must urge the use of restraint. There must be munity founded as ‘‘one nation, under God,’’ a dent. Tonkin, after all, involved an some of us who say, let’s step back for a mo- critical basis for making judgments of the na- unconfirmed rifle attack from a wooden boat ment and think through the implications of our ture thrust today before Congress is the Ten against a U.S. naval vessel in a combat zone actions today—let us more fully understand its Commandments, the essence of the ethical off the shores of Vietnam. No one was killed consequences. teachings of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. or injured; no damage was inflicted. In this We are not dealing with a conventional war. As the scholar Huston Smith puts it: ‘‘It is case, an unprovoked, cowardly attack was We cannot respond in a conventional manner. through the Ten Commandments that Hebraic launched against American citizens and mili- I do not want to see this spiral out of control. morality has made its greatest impact upon tary personnel on American territory. The Con- This crisis involves issues of national security, the world. Taken over by Christianity and gress, in conformity with the War Powers Res- foreign policy, public safety, intelligence gath- Islam, the Ten Commandments constitute the olution which resulted from the lack of con- ering, economics, and murder. Our response moral foundation of half the world’s popu- stitutional clarity that engulfed our involvement must be equally multi-faceted. lation.’’ in Vietnam, has no choice except to authorize We must not rush to judgment. Far too As Smith and others have pointed out, the executive discretion. What this debate must many innocent people have already died. Our ethical precepts contained in the Ten Com- frame, however, is both the discretion that is country is in mourning. If we rush to launch a mandments—whether as worded in Exodus appropriately delegated to the President or un- counter-attack, we run too great a risk that 20: 1–17 or Deuteronomy 5: 6–21 of the He- derscored under the Constitution and the limits women, children, and other non-combatants brew Bible, as summarized by Jesus of Naza- of nature of judgement that must be applied to will be caught in the crossfire. Nor can we let our justified anger over these reth in ‘‘two great commandments,’’ Matthew the circumstance. In this regard, this Member outrageous acts by vicious murderers inflame 22: 37–39 in the New Testament, or as in the smply wishes to place in the RECORD a con- prejudice against all Arab Americans, Muslims, injunctions and prohibitions in Surah 17: 22– cern for the need for international cooperation Southeast Asians, or any other people be- 39 of the Koran—represent the minimum and proportionality of response. Fundamen- cause of their race, religion, or ethnicity. standards of conduct if life in community is to tally, at this stage, the crimes that have been committed are of a few against two symbolic Finally, we must be careful not to embark be an enduring possibility. on an open-ended war with neither an exit The Ten Commandments are not the exclu- bastions of civilization. The goal should be in- strategy nor a focused target. We cannot re- sive possession of a single religious tradition dividual accountability of parties that plan and peat past mistakes. nor the expression of a particular moral code. participate in terrorism or harbor terrorist activ- ity. Prayerfully, a war on terrorism need not In 1964, Congress gave President Lyndon Rather the importance of the Ten Command- Johnson the power to ‘‘take all necessary ments lies not in their uniqueness but in their precipitate a war between cultures or states. Mr. LEVIN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of measures’’ to repel attacks and prevent further universality. They are not only the final word aggression. In so doing, this House aban- in any area, they are the first word. This is this resolution. It authorizes the President to use all necessary and appropriate force doned its own constitutional responsibilities why, over three thousand years after their for- and launched our country into years of mulation, they remain the moral cornerstone of against those who attacked our country on September 11, or those who aided or har- undeclared war in Vietnam. half the world. At that time, Senator Wayne Morse, one of The Ten Commandants are relevant to dis- bored them. The death and destruction that rained down from the skies on Tuesday has two lonely votes against the Tonkin Gulf Reso- cussion of this resolution because just as the lution, declared, ‘‘I believe that history will Judeo-Christian tradition emphasizes the civ- horrified and outraged the entire nation. We can never replace the innocent lives that were record that we have made a grave mistake in ilized belief that ‘‘Thou shalt not kill,’’ the subverting and circumventing the Constitution Koran states: ‘‘do not kill any one whom Allah lost, but we honor their grievous loss when we act to prevent such a heinous crime from hap- of the United States....I believe that has forbidden . . .’’ within the next century, future generations will The distinction that matters is not nuanced pening again. The enemy that did this must be identified look with dismay and great disappointment differences between the Old and New Testa- and punished. Their network of support must upon a Congress which is now about to make ments and the Koran, but between committed be uprooted. In the difficult effort ahead, we such a historic mistake.’’ individuals of faith and fanatics. The former must be resolute, determined and united in Senator Morse was correct, and I fear we are concerned principally with improving their purpose. The resolution before the House to- make the same mistake today. And I fear the own lives; the latter with imposing their beliefs night reinforces and supports the powers consequences. on others. Yet it is impressive how closely St. granted to the President in the Constitution as I have agonized over this vote. But I came Paul’s admonition about modesty of judge- Commander in Chief and those granted him to grips with it in the very painful yet beautiful ment—that we all see through a glass dark- under the War Powers Act. More than that, it memorial service today at the National Cathe- ly—parallels Mohamed’s directive ‘‘follow not underscores the determination of Congress to dral. As a member of the clergy so eloquently that of which you have not the knowledge . . . stand with the President, the men and women said, ‘‘As we act, let us not become the evil do not go about in the land exultingly, for you of our nation’s armed forces, and all Ameri- that we deplore.’’ cannot cut through the earth nor reach the cans in the great task before us. Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise tonight mountains in height.’’ As a freedom loving people, we did not in strong support of this resolution. What we These parallels are important in this discus- seek this fight. But as nation that loves free- are doing tonight is authorizing the use of our sion because as we contemplate the use of dom, we shall not shun it. Let us stand to- Armed Forces for war. It is a war we did not force, we the representatives of the American gether and pass this resolution. want, and it is a war we did not start. But the people have an obligation to emphasize the Ms. LEE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today with a primary responsibility of any government must commonality of our values. We respect Islam heavy heart, one that is filled with sorrow for be the protection of its citizens, and so Tues- and Islamic nations. The only brief we hold is the families and loved ones who were killed day’s attacks on the citizens of the United against parties that manipulate hatred and em- and injured in New York, Virginia, and Penn- States have left us with no choice. The per- ploy tactics of terror. sylvania. Only the most foolish or the most petrators of these heinous crimes must be Here, to return to just war doctrine, a central callous would not understand the grief that found, and then they must suffer the con- tenet is proportionately. Care must be taken in has gripped the American people and millions sequences of their deeds. any military action to limit to the maximum ex- across the world. I take this vote tonight knowing there will be tent possible collateral damage and seek in- This unspeakable attack on the United challenges ahead. There will be danger. And stead individual accountability. We must in the States has forced me to rely on my moral there will be sacrifice. But this is a war we American tradition pay a decent respect to the compass, my conscience, and my God for di- must win. For us as Americans, and for the opinions of mankind. Otherwise, we will not rection. free world. only create more terrorists than we root out September 11 changed the world. Our Terrorists use fear as a weapon. But we will and cause a world currently sympathetic to deepest fears now haunt us. Yet I am con- not surrender to fear. Because they are not

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 06:18 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00054 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A14SE7.027 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5673 just facing the best-trained and best-equipped revenge, although it is. This is not simply force which we abhor in the terrorists. We military the world has ever known; they are about justice, although we are entitled to jus- must strike back, but must do so consistently facing the fierce determination and the quiet tice. Rather, we are retaliating to save our with the values that we hold dear. The Presi- anger of the American people. The attacks on freedom and way of life. These who were vio- dent should act only on the basis of con- Tuesday were designed to bring chaos to the lently attacked on September 22th would be vincing evidence of the identity of the terror- United States, but it has done just the oppo- attacked again, maybe with nuclear, biological, ists, and employ that force which is necessary site. We stand together as one nation. We un- or chemical weapons next time, if we were to to deter and prevent future acts of terrorism derstand there will be challenges ahead. And allow the perpetrators to go unpunished, or against our citizens. The authorization we give we know what must be done. And that is why even lightly punished. But we won’t. America the President today is not unlimited. Congress we are here tonight and authorizing the Presi- is a peaceful nation, but when our freedom will monitor progress of our military actions dent to use all necessary force to destroy and security are challenged as they are now, and work with the President to ensure that our these terrorist organizations. September 11th we will do whatever it takes to protect our way actions under this resolution are necessary is a day we will always remember, and I be- of life. and appropriate, consistent with our values, in lieve it is a day the enemies of freedom will I do not take this decision lightly. This war conjunction with our friends and allies, and in live to regret. is going to be an extensive and costly one. accordance with international laws. Mr. WU. Mr. Speaker, as brave Americans This vote will result in the likely loss of life for We are a strong and resilient nation. We will continue working to rescue and treat those a good number of American servicemen, and recover and rebuild our broken lives, our build- trapped under the remains of the World Trade the certain upheaval of many American fami- ings and our way of life. Let us pray that Center and the damaged Pentagon, my heart lies. Our enemies don’t think America has the God’s grace and wisdom will guide us through and prayers continue to be with those who stomach for an ugly sustained fight like this the difficult days ahead. have lost loved ones and those with loved one. Our enemies are wrong. Mr. MASCARA. Mr. Speaker, we gather ones still to be found. Ten years ago, I was on the receiving end here this evening to declare America’s inten- Since Tuesday, I have seen Americans in of a resolution like this one, just another tion to exercise her right of self-defense and our finest hour. We have experienced the young Air Force officer, waiting for the word. her obligation to protect her citizens. I stand deepest of loss, sadness, despair, and anger. I know it was an agonizing decision for many shoulder to shoulder with my colleagues to an- But Americans have joined together to help members of this body, but it was the right one nounce, through this joint resolution, that acts each other, and I am proud. for America and for the world. I believe this of terrorism will not be tolerated. At present, We Americans demand that individuals, or- one is, too. We need to remember this when these cowards may be nameless, well-trained, ganizations, or countries responsible for this the going gets tough. Right is right, and must well-financed, and filled with hate towards monstrous act be brought to justice. Our ac- be defended. America, but we will soon know who they are tions must be deliberate, decisive, and effec- It says in the seventh Psalm that, ‘‘He who and they will rue the day they chose to attack tive. digs a hole and scoops it out falls into the pit American freedom. We will not deliberately attack innocent civil- I take no solace or comfort in voting for this he has made. The trouble he causes recoils ians and become like our attackers. resolution, but I do it proudly. Let there be no on himself; his violence comes down on his Article I, section 8 of the our Constitution doubt: while we did not seek this fight, we are own head.’’ In the near future, the violence of grants to Congress the authority ‘‘To declare more than ready to finish it. America burns America’s enemies will come down on their War.’’ with a seething, unyielding, smoldering anger own heads. We will find these barbarians, we This is one of the most profound of powers. that will not be extinguished until it has pun- will hunt down those who harbor them, and we The Founders recognized that the power to ished this ruthless foe. send our sons and daughters to war is the will make an example of them. We did not Never again should Americans wake up to most important decision a nation can make. start this. But we will finish it. see their precious landmarks hit by airplanes. They invested this power in Congress, the in- God bless the victims and their families, Never again should Americans wake up to see stitution closest to the people. God bless our brave soldiers, sailors, airmen, the symbols of their military strength and su- I believe this solemn congressional respon- and marines. And God bless America. periority attacked by cowards. Never again sibility is critical to protecting the delicate bal- Mrs. CLAYTON. Mr. Speaker, I rise in sup- should Americans have to wonder if the sym- ance of power between the legislative and ex- port of the Joint War Powers Resolution, but bols of their cherished democracy are safe. In ecutive branches. This balance of power was not without reservation. Clearly, the terrorist short, never again. carefully crafted and has allowed the United attacks on September 11th caused unprece- I support this resolution with a firm resolve. States to remain one of the most stable and dented death, destruction and despair in our We will win this campaign against terrorism. enduring democracies in the world. nation. The attacks struck a blow not only to May God bless the United States of America. I would have strong reservations about a our citizens and buildings, but also against our Mrs. MCCARTHY of New York. Mr. Speak- resolution authorizing the use of force in an values, our freedoms, our way of life. They er, I rise this evening to express my strongest open ended manner reaching far beyond re- touched all of us; and we must seek justice, support possible for H.J. Res 64, a resolution sponding to this specific terrorist attack on honor our fellow citizens, and prevent further authorizing the use of United States Armed America. This is not that resolution. terrorist acts. Forces against those responsible for the re- This resolution restates the authority I be- Today, we join with the President to under- cent attacks against our country. I want to lieve Congress already granted to the Presi- take such acts as are necessary to prevent thank the leadership of both parties for acting dent under Section 2(c)(3) of the War Powers any future acts of terrorism against our citi- as quickly as they did to bring this legislation Resolution. My reading is that nothing in this zens. Today, and for many days ahead, we forth. resolution supercedes congressional authority hurt, we mourn, and we honor the memory of Mr. Speaker, only a few hours ago, I stood under the Constitution or War Powers Resolu- those whose lives were taken by the terrorist at Ground Zero, in lower Manhattan, with tion and the President would continue to be attacks, and those whose lives were lost in President Bush and many of my colleagues bound by the reporting and consultation re- courageous rescue efforts. Many of our citi- and viewed first hand the devastating destruc- quirements. Under this resolution, Congress zens are angry, indeed, enraged and want to tion that occurred in New York City on Tues- reserves the right to review the President’s strike back, and we must strike back. day morning, September 11, 2001. We saw plans and actions. We do not understand and may never un- the mountains of rubble that once was the The purpose of our restatement, of this use derstand why anyone would commit such un- World Trade Center. We saw the neighboring of force resolution, is to demonstrate that speakable, horrific deeds. The terrorists buildings that surround this area that are also America stands united. I pray that President sought to instill in us fear and insecurity. To damaged. We talked to city and state officials Bush will use the awesome powers of the this, we must not submit; we must strike back. and learned about the tremendous economic United States with wisdom. We must take the necessary actions to safe- impact this event will have. But most impor- Mr. HILLEARY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong guard our lives and American interests, but we tantly, what we did not see was the thousands support of our Commander-in-Chief, our must not relinquish our cherished freedoms of people, mothers, fathers, sons, daughters, Armed Forces, and the important action this and values. brothers, sisters, friends all, who were indis- body takes today. This resolution means In America, we cherish our values, our hu- criminately killed by cowards. This attack on America will go into our war on terrorism with manity, our love of justice. Therefore, as we our innocent citizens, this attack on our na- a solid front. pursue the terrorists, and those who aided or tion’s financial center and on the heart of our We’re not retaliating because we’re angry, harbored them, we must not become terror- national defense, the Pentagon, and the hun- although we are. We’re not doing this out of ists. We must not become filled with the evil dreds of people who died there, must not go

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 07:23 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00055 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A14SE7.041 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5674 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 unpunished. I know I stand united with my col- and anyone or any country who assisted against innocent persons both here and leagues tonight, shoulder to shoulder, in sup- them. abroad. porting the President of the United States to This is no easy task, but our troops are Mr. Speaker, by passing this resolution we give him the authority and tools necessary to ready, and our government stands united, send this critical message to our military: We seek justice to this most horrific act of vio- Democrats and Republicans alike, in our re- stand behind you as you prepare to defend lence. solve to end terrorism in the United States. our country and the ideals of freedom and de- This nation has never wanted war. We are Yes, Tuesday was dark day for America. mocracy, for our citizens and the world com- a peaceful nation. And, I do not take these ac- But, Mr. Speaker, it was not near as dark as munity. tions that we are authorizing tonight lightly, but the days that lie ahead for the evil perpetra- Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, I have heard this I believe the American people understand that tors who masterminded these attacks. The plea from my constituents in the fourth con- there are those times when the actions by oth- American spirit is alive and well, and our com- gressional district in these numbing days fol- ers must be answered. This is one of those mitment to seek out and take action against lowing the unconscionable terrorist attack on times. We must respond, in kind and with a those who would commit such heinous and the World Trade Center and Pentagon: Find united voice, to the actions of these ruthless cowardly acts is unwavering. We will not allow those who did this. Make them answer for forces. I know the American people are willing these terrorists to alter the kind of world that their evil. Defend the ideals that our prede- to endure even a protracted campaign, if nec- our children and grandchildren grow up in. cessors fought for, to make this a safer and essary, in order to secure the future of our Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Speaker, I rise to join more peaceful world for the generations to country. my colleagues in strong support of this resolu- come. I urge my colleagues to vote unanimously in tion. All American’s have been reminded that I was in this House a decade ago when we support of this resolution. God bless the freedom comes at a price. The citizens of the debated a resolution to support our President, United States. United States have fought to sustain one’s George Bush, when he went to war against Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. speaker, on right to remain free, engaging in major con- Saddam Hussein. I hoped never to have to September 11th, America came face to face flicts from our birth during the Revolutionary speak to a military challenge of that magnitude with undisguised evil. We did not blink. What War, to the War of 1812, the Mexican War, again. But on September 11, America was at- the enemies of America perceive as weak- Civil War, Spanish-American War, World War tacked at home by an enemy that hides in ness, we celebrate as strength—freedom, tol- I and II, Korea, Vietnam, and finally the gulf shadows and kills without conscience. erance, democratic governance. No enemy war. By authorizing the use of all necessary and can ever take these things from us, because Each conflict cost precious lives, but those appropriate force against those responsible for they are ingrained in our institutions, our way men and women gave their lives so that future terrorist attacks, this Congress shows that it of life, and our very character as a people. generations would continue to live under the and the American people stands behind our In times of trial, these principles give Amer- blanket of freedom. We all feel the tremen- President, George W. Bush, and civilized soci- ica the strength and resolve to meet any chal- dous loss of life—loved ones, friends, col- ety. While it is not a technical declaration of lenge, no matter how great. We will rise to this leagues—and our prayers are steadfast with war, for all practical purposes the United challenge as we have done countless times the victims, their families, and those brave States is at war with those who want to harm before. As we mourn our dead, we prepare for souls who are risking their lives at this very our people, disrupt our economy, shatter our war. Americans are people of goodwill. We do moment in search and rescue operations. security, and destroy our democratic values. not seek war, and waging war is something My colleagues, we are about to vote on a All nations in the world who profess the values we do neither with relish nor with joy. But course of action that again pits hope against of civilization should be with America on this wage war we must, with all the ferocity and all terror—and—freedom against oppression. Our defining mission. the commitment of a Nation roused to right- enemies will never know freedom, because We will win before the causes of liberty and eous anger. Whether it takes weeks, months, they are imprisoned by hate—and for that— justice are more powerful than the forces of or years, we will prevail. they have already lost. evil and hatred. Americans have answered To those who have spilled the blood of As we stand united behind our President this call before. This time, the enemy is not so American innocents, and those who have har- and with our fellow Americans, I offer the fol- much a single country as a destructive con- bored them, our message is a simple one: lowing reflection: After the attack on Pearl cept called terrorism. But we will prevail be- You can run, but you can’t hide. America will Harbor, Japanese Admiral Yamamoto la- cause this new challenge has once again track you down, and for what you have done, mented that his country’s action had ‘‘awak- shown that we are the United States. We you will pay. You will pay. God bless this ened a sleeping giant.’’ My colleagues, that know what we are fighting for: the triumph of House, and God bless America. giant has awakened again. liberty, freedom, and peace over fanaticism Mr. ROSS. Mr. Speaker, Tuesday, Sep- For the Lord is my light and my salvation— and violence. Our response is just, and our tember 11, 2001, is a day that none of us in whom shall I fear? The Lord is the stronghold cause will prevail. this Chamber—none of us in this country—will of my life—of whom shall I be afraid? When Ms. MCCOLLUM. Mr. Speaker, tonight, I forget. It is a day when our nation experienced evil men advance against me to devour my vote to support the use of America’s military an attack unlike we have ever seen. Thou- flesh, when my enemies and my foes attack force against the terrorist organizations that sands of lives in our nation were lost and me, they will stumble and fall. plotted to attack our peaceful Nation. This will many, many more were forever changed be- Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD. Mr. Speaker, I join likely be the most important vote I take as a cause of the despicable and deliberate acts of my colleagues in the House and Senate in Member of Congress. With this vote, I put my terrorists. As we observe this National Day of support of H.J. Res. 64, to authorize the use trust in our President, the men and women of Prayer and Remembrance for this terrible trag- of our Armed Forces against those respon- our Armed Forces, and my fellow Americans. edy, our hearts are with all the victims and sible for the recent terrorist attacks against the We will overcome this tremendous challenge their families, and our thoughts and prayers United States. Passing this resolution and with honor, dignity, and justice. are with those working so hard to remove the sanctioning the use of our courageous armed Mr. JONES of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, rubble and hopefully find additional survivors. forces is not something we do lightly, hastily, I rise tonight with a heavy heart. We can no longer think of these terrorist at- or in pursuit of vengeance. Putting the men The floor we stand on here is the center- tacks as something that we see on television and women of our military in harm’s way is a piece of American democracy. It has been the that happen only in far away lands. The threat grave decision that should only be resorted to site of weighty debates, presidential address- to our national security is evident, and our re- when no other course of action is appropriate. es, and critical votes. I have witnessed and sponse to the attacks at the World Trade Cen- This resolution is a deliberate, well-consid- participated in many of these since I was first ter and the Pentagon is critical. It must be ered, and I believe proper response to the de- elected to represent the people of North Caro- strong, it must be carefully calculated, and it plorable acts of terror committed against our lina’s 3rd District in 1994. As a servant of the must be swift. country, our people, and indeed, the entire civ- people, these events are all humbling. The time has come for the United States to ilized world. However the vote we are poised to take make a full force effort to eliminate the ter- Passing this resolution demonstrates to our today is one of my most significant votes in rorist networks across the globe, and I urge country and to all the nations of the world our my congressional career—and the most im- my colleagues to support this resolution au- united resolve to punish those responsible for portant type of vote that Congress ever takes. thorizing the President to use such necessary these heinous acts, and more importantly, en- Today we vote to authorize the Commander- and appropriate force against those respon- sures that perpetrators of terror are not al- in-Chief to send our brave men and women in sible for the terrorist attacks on September 11 lowed to continue their campaign of violence uniform into harm’s way.

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 06:18 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00056 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A14SE7.033 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5675 This is not a vote to be taken lightly. We do bound by conventional limits. When America’s I support the President’s commitment to in- so with righteous cause—to respond to the freedom is threatened, it responds decisively. vestigate, capture, and punish all of those re- despicable acts of war committed against the The terrorists who committed these atroc- sponsible for this horrible and inhumane deed. American people and the very freedoms and ities will never understand the power of Amer- This was not only an assault on our nation ideals for which our Nation stands. And we do ican freedom, and they will always underesti- and our people, but an indiscriminate attack so with the solemn understanding that some mate American resolve. That is because they on civilian life. Thus, I also support and ap- of the men and women that we send to fight live in fear of a world that embraces our ideals prove removing the sanctuaries and support this new war may not return. They may be of freedom, democracy and equality. While systems of terrorists. I urge all governments to from districts around the country—they may terrorists plot behind closed doors to destroy unite to investigate this crime, to prevent its be from my own. human lives, compassionate and courageous recurrence, and to being to justice those who But the action we take tonight is absolutely Americans risk their lives to save lives—as our are responsible. I support doing whatever is necessary. firefighters and other rescuers heroically dem- constitutionally lawful and necessary to isolate Our Nation was violated, our people slaugh- onstrated in the past few days. those nations who sponsor and harbor terror- tered, our democracy threatened. Justice must The actions that we will authorize today will ists. But I am not voting to give the President be delivered—the victims of this tragedy de- likely result in lives lost—a reality not of our new authority—in the words of Deputy Sec- serve it and the American people demand it. choosing but forced upon us by the events of retary of Defense Paul D. Wolfowitz—to ‘‘end This resolution will demonstrate to the September 11. But the eradication of terrorist states who sponsor terrorism.’’ We need to world—and most importantly those who com- networks that threaten America, and the pun- operate within traditional constitutional con- mitted these horrendous crimes—that the ishment of nations that harbor these criminals, straints. United States will respond. And when she will preserve countless lives for many genera- I would have preferred to have voted to re- does, it will be with the full weight and support tions to come—not just of Americans, but of affirm the War Powers Act because it, after 60 of the President, this Congress, and the Amer- all people in the world who cherish freedom or 90 days of the President launching a mili- ican people. and democracy as a way of life. We must use tary response to these terrorist attacks, the Let me be clear—this is not just a vote the full might of America and its allies to cre- President had returned with more information about the use of force or even terrorism. This ate a secure world for all of us to live in. on who did this and how it happened, I might is a vote to protect the freedoms of the people Our world changed dramatically with one be prepared to vote $100 billion to fight ter- of the United States of America. I urge my col- swift, despicable act of terrorism. We will rorism. And if, after 60 or 90 days, President leagues to join me in that effort by supporting never be able to return to the world that ex- Bush returned with a request and a rationale this important resolution. isted before September 11. But America has for new and expanded presidential authority, I God bless our President, God bless the the tremendous resilience to heal, recover and may have been willing to vote to grant him men and women in uniform who will carry out grow stronger after great periods of tragedy. that as well-but not now. this conflict, and God bless our great Nation. We will meet this new challenge, and rebuild In private meetings all day yesterday, Mem- Mr. BORSKI. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong a society that embraces even more vigorously bers raised serious questions and concerns support of H.J. Res. 64 to authorize the Presi- the ideals of freedom and democracy. that troubled me greatly. Some Members noted the similarity to the dent to use whatever means necessary to re- Mr. Speaker, I am proud to support H.J. open-endedness of this resolution to the Ton- spond to the heinous, barbarous terrorist acts Res. 64 to give the President the unwavering support he needs to successfully execute kin Gulf Resolution. We know the con- of September 11. I am proud to stand here in America’s mission. Eradicating this terrorist sequences of the vote, which was based on unity with my Democratic and Republican col- threat is a daunting—but achievable—chal- insufficient information and, in that instance leagues in support of our President, our lenge. America will prevail, because her cause we now know, deception. Senators Wayne Armed Forces, our law enforcement per- is just. Freedom will endure, because America Morse of Oregon and Ernest Gruening of sonnel, and our entire great nation, as we is its protector. Alaska voted ‘‘No’’ on August 7, 1964, and seek justice for these horrible atrocities. Mr. JACKSON of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I’ve they are seen as wise and heroic today. I am On September 11, we were violently at- been in Congress for nearly six years. Never not voting ‘‘Yes’’ on September 14, 2001, for tacked in an act of war. It was not a war of have I been so torn over a vote. Even though an open-ended Tonkin Gulf-type Resolution. I our choosing. Indeed, Americans are by their I am going to vote for this legislation, I have do not want a repeat of the Johnson adminis- nature a good people, and we seek to settle deep concerns and grave reservations about tration—which used it to provide dubious legal our differences through peaceful means. But it. cover for a massive escalation of an when we are violently attacked, we respond First, it is too narrow. We need a com- unwinnable war in Vietnam—for either a simi- with tremendous resolve. This is not a war of prehensive anti-terrorist approach. This legis- lar domestic or foreign over-reach against ter- our choosing. But we must choose today to lation does not represent such a comprehen- rorism. I’m not willing to give President Bush forcefully respond to this cowardly act to en- sive strategy and war against terrorism around carte blanche authority to fight terrorism. We sure that it never happens again. the world. It only pertains to the terrorism as- need to agree to fight it together within tradi- Ten years ago, I was proud to stand in this sociated with the events surrounding Sep- tional constitutional boundaries. chamber as we debated a similar resolution to tember 11, 2001. This legislation looks back- Another Member asked, ‘‘By voting for this address the aggression of Saddam Hussein. ward, not forward. This legislation fails to de- resolution, are we granting the President new We had principled differences over the use of velop a strategy to combat and prevent poten- authority to conduct extra-legal and extra-con- force, but when we finished our debate and tial or future acts of terrorism. stitutional assassinations?’’ If we are, we are passed the resolution, we all stood united be- Second, and paradoxically, it is too broad. becoming like the terrorists we despise. What hind our President. Because we are a strong, The literal language of this legislation can be does killing people already willing to die really healthy democracy, we know when to put our read as broadly as executive interpreters want accomplish? It will only create martyrs and differences aside for the greater good of to read it, which gives the President awesome multiply terrorists. peace, prosperity and security. and undefined power. As written, the resolu- We must not become like those who believe Today we are confronted with an even tion could be interpreted, if read literally, to that the end justifies any means in the strug- greater challenge to the future of our democ- give the President the authority to deploy or gle against terrorism. That is the logic of the racy. But I believe our courage, resolve and use our armed forces domestically. terrorists. We must respond to this outage, but unity today has never been stronger. Only a Earlier today I voted to support $40 billion in we must not validate this logic. We must re- week ago, we were passionately debating the supplemental spending for a fight against ter- spond to this outrage effectively-by eliminating budget, taxes and Social Security. Those rorism and public social spending for New the underlying grievances that is motivating issues, important as they are, now pale in York’s recovery. Tonight I would have pre- the terrorism in the first place. What we must comparison to the challenge before us. Today ferred to support a vote to reaffirm the author- do is affirm the principles that came under at- we cast aside our labels of Democrat and Re- ity of the President under the War Powers Act, tack on September 11—respect for innocent publican, and we stand as one America. which gives the President all the authority he life and international law. That is how to rob The perpetrators of these heinous acts will currently needs to fight terrorism and protect the terrorists of victory. be found, their terrorist networks will be eradi- the citizens of the United States. That would Recently President Bush said the United cated, and justice will be served. This will not give all Americans more time—60 or 90 States ‘‘will make no distinction between the happen overnight. Every American should be days—to investigate more and learn more terrorists who committed these acts and those prepared for a long campaign. But we will suc- about all of the issues and facts involved on who harbored them.’’ But we must make dis- ceed. When America’s spirit is moved, it is un- September 11. tinctions. In the words of Human Rights

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 07:31 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00057 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A14SE7.045 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5676 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 Watch, we must distinguish ‘‘between the ecutive, in good faith, consults with and in- fered perhaps the darkest day in its history. guilty and the innocent; between those who forms the Congress in a timely manner. Yesterday, this body approved legislation to commit atrocities and those who may simply I should also note that the resolution is not aid the families of the victims and those that share their religious beliefs, ethnicity, or na- a carte blanche endorsement for the use of gave their lives trying to save them. Today, we tional origin. People committed to justice and force against any suspected terrorist group turn our attention to the pursuit of the terrorists law and human rights must never descend to anywhere in the world, but is more narrowly that carried out this horrific act. I strongly sup- the level of the perpetrators of such acts. That crafted to endorse all necessary and appro- port this resolution to authorize the President is the most important distinction of all.’’ priate use of force against nations, organiza- to use the necessary force to find and punish Another Member said we needed to show tions, and persons that participated in the at- those responsible. national unity. A vote to reaffirm the War Pow- tacks that occurred on September 11. I do not believe passing this resolution is le- ers Act would have given us the national unity Mr. Speaker, although I support the resolu- gally necessary. The Constitution gives the we need—and would have given us 60 days tion, I am mindful of the gravity and serious- President the power to strike back at our ag- to investigate this matter more fully and see ness of putting U.S. troops and other govern- gressors. However, I do believe that it is nec- more clearly what we are actually looking at. mental personnel in harms way. It is highly essary for Congress to show overwhelming Another Member said she had been in Con- probable that more U.S. lives will be lost in support for the battle that lies ahead. It will not gress for 19 years, but never had been asked our struggle to excise the cancer of terrorism be an easy fight, and it will not be a short one. to make a decision and cast a vote with so lit- wherever it poses a threat to the U.S., the But it is a confrontation that we will meet head tle information. In light of one Senator’s Western world, and our allies in the non-West. on, united by the memory of those lost and breach of trust, the administration is now with- Other countless innocents will also lose their the values and freedom we hold so dearly. holding information from Members of Con- lives. This is not Desert Storm, an operation of And we will be victorious. gress. We are voting huge sums of money relatively short duration that witnessed minimal Mr. Speaker, tonight we send a clear mes- and granting virtual unlimited authority to the loss of American lives. Our national commit- sage to the world that we are prepared to re- President with little actual information. ment to the task ahead of us will require vigi- spond to the forces of hate as previous gen- Other Members expressed a concern that if lance and forbearance. It will also require that erations have done before us. I am confident we are going to conduct a ‘‘comprehensive we remain mindful of the fact that the United that the compassion and resolve that has and sustained war against terrorism that elimi- States is an open society and that any policy come to define the American spirit will see us nates terrorists and terrorism root and branch’’ or action implemented by the U.S. Govern- through this most trying time. I urge my col- that we must give Americans an under- ment will ultimately fail if it does not have the leagues to support this resolution. standing of why there are so many people in support of the American people. Mr. MALONEY of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, the world who hate us. We must explore and Mr. Speaker, in this time of tragedy that has I come to the floor today to address the ne- learn why people are willing to give their very provoked visceral outrage, we must, nonethe- cessity, imposed on us by unspeakable acts of lives in suicidal missions; and why their sup- less, continue to exercise prudence and good terrorism, for the United States to respond to porters dance and celebrate in the streets judgment in the prosecution of the U.S. re- the killing and injuring of thousands of our fel- when these terrorists inhumanely succeed to sponse to these terrorist acts. Indeed a mili- low citizens, almost all innocent civilians. This Nation has the right and obligation to destroying American lives and our symbols of tary response alone could ultimately prove to both respond to and defend itself from the vio- economic power and military might. be counterproductive, instead fueling anti-U.S. I have raised the concern that we need sentiment, increased alienation, and height- lent enemies of our freedom and liberty. more time to explain to the American people ened fanaticism. Instead of eliminating the Those persons and/or entities that were either that this is a new kind of protracted war. This virus of terrorism we could be creating a new directly involved in or provided any assistance is not the kind of war former President Bush and more virulent strain. Any military action to the acts of September 11 pose a clear and fought in the Persian Gulf that ended in just must also be accompanied by a sustained present danger to the lives of our people and to our very national security. We will find those over a month. This is a war that will be fought economic and diplomatic response aimed at responsible and make certain that they, and in public places on our shores and within our eliminating all centers of terrorist activities anyone who helped them, are fully punished. borders—in our crowded public buildings, in while enhancing the stability and strength of This attack on America and its people will not our subways, in our airports, in our train sta- our regional allies. The task ahead of us is complicated and stand. tions, in our colleges and universities, at our any resolution will not be quick or easy. Our Moreover, as we cannot rule out future at- sporting events, and possibly with chemical ultimate success in rooting out terrorism will tacks on U.S. soil or to American interests and biological weapons. The War Powers Act require patience, sustained commitment, and overseas, we must take a comprehensive ap- would have allowed us at least 60 to 90 days more, not less, engagement in the world. proach to this challenge. Appropriately, we will to better understand and inform the American I pledge my support to the President as he utilize the first rate capabilities of our Armed people about the nature of the war that today leads the United States forth to meet this his- Forces to ensure the personal security of each they are so anxious to fight. toric challenge. and every one of us, at home and abroad. To I too am deeply hurt, distraught, in mourn- Mr. VITTER. Mr. Speaker, this week’s ter- that end, we commit ourselves by the resolu- ing, fearful, and angry. But we must resist the rorist attacks against the American people are tion before us, to root out terrorism wherever temptation to allow ourselves to become like nothing less than cold-blooded murder and an it is found around the world. those we today so despise. Terrorist violence act of war. I fully support this resolution and It will not be an easy task to defeat ter- must be halted, but the pain behind their rage urge the President to use any and all means rorism. It will require considerable resources must be heard and addressed. Human beings necessary against those nations, organiza- and patience. There is no quick solution. I am become terrorists in an ocean of despair. tions, and persons who committed or partici- confident, however, that the President and the Therefore, any comprehensive approach to pated in these heinous acts. Congress, working together, will find the ending terrorism must address the waves of These attacks will only strengthen our re- means and methods to prevail. pain and injustice of the ocean. The most ef- solve to defend the United States and our way As a member of the Armed Service Com- fective anti-terrorist campaign is one that re- of life. These attacks are not just an attack mittee, I along with my committee colleagues places the despair and hopelessness of the against this wonderful land we call America— will perform our duty in providing U.S. Armed terrorist’s supporters with a policy that brings they are attacks against our people, our de- Forces the necessary resources to deter and dignity, respect, and justice to every person, mocracy, our values, our civilization. As a na- defeat the threat of terrorism. I know that our neighborhood, community, and nation in the tion, we will not rest until we have methodi- colleagues will support our work. world. cally defeated those who use fear as a weap- There is yet considerable work to be done Ms. WATSON of California. Mr. Speaker, I on against the principles for which our country in the days and months ahead. I am confident rise in support of the resolution authorizing the stands. We are coming after them full throttle. that our Nation, and our Armed Forces called use of force against those persons responsible Finally, we must not forget that thousands of upon to defend all Americans, will meet the for recent acts of terrorism against the United Americans lost their lives this week, and many challenges that lie ahead—just as we have States. The resolution is balanced and seeks thousands more lost mothers and fathers, from Concord and Lexington through the war to ensure that the Congress will be included in sons and daughters, brothers and sisters, in the Persian Gulf. the consultative process when and if U.S. friends and colleagues. My heart, my prayers, I strongly urge passage of the resolution. troops are introduced into hostilities. I strongly and my condolences go out to them all. Mr. COYNE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in believe that the resolution will continue to Mr. COSTELLO. Mr. Speaker, on Tuesday, support of this resolution authorizing the Presi- enjoy strong bipartisan support only if the Ex- September 11, 2001, the United States suf- dent to use military force against the nations,

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 06:18 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00058 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A14SE7.049 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5677 organizations, or individuals involved in the the deepest sympathy of the nation. And I in all that is to come. We pray that He will September 11 terrorist attacks on citizens of assure you, you are not alone. comfort and console those who now walk in the United States. Just three days removed from these sorrow. We thank Him for every life we now These were reprehensible attacks against events, Americans do not yet have the dis- must mourn, and the promise of a life to tance of history, but our responsibility to come. innocent men, women, and children. Anyone history is already clear: to answer these at- As we’ve been assured, neither death nor who was involved in planning or carrying out tacks and rid the world of evil. life nor angels nor principalities, nor powers these attacks must be punished swiftly and War has been waged against us by stealth nor things present nor things to come nor severely. and deceit and murder. height nor depth can separate us from God’s Moreover, since it is logical to assume that This nation is peaceful, but fierce when love. the parties which planned and provided stirred to anger. This conflict was begun on May He bless the souls of the departed. logistical support for Tuesday’s terrible attacks the timing and terms of others; it will end in May He comfort our own. And may He al- are interested in—and capable of—carrying a way and at an hour of our choosing. ways guide our country. Our purpose as a nation is firm, yet our God bless America. out similar attacks in the future, it is imperative wounds as a people are recent and unhealed that the United States use whatever means Mr. MCGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in sup- and lead us to pray. In many of our prayers port of this resolution. are necessary to prevent them from doing so. this week, there’s a searching and an hon- Finally, it is important to recognize that the I support our President as he seeks to re- esty. At St. Patrick’s Cathedral in New spond effectively to this unparalleled attack, United States has aggressively pursued legal York, on Tuesday, a woman said, ‘‘I pray to and diplomatic measures over the last 30 God to give us a sign that he’s still here.’’ which has left our nation shocked and an- years to curb terrorism—and that it is logical Others have prayed for the same, searching gered. But no matter the rate we feel today, to conclude from this experience that such hospital to hospital, carrying pictures of our response must reflect our national char- measures will not be effective enough to deal those still missing. acter, and be guided by justice and our right God’s signs are not always the one we look to self-defense, not by vengeance. with the threat that terrorism poses today. for. We learn in tragedy that his purposes For these reasons, I support this resolution. I want those responsible for these heinous are not always our own, yet the prayers of crimes to be hunted down and held account- I believe that the United States Government private suffering, whether in our homes or in has no choice but to utilize military force to this great cathedral are known and heard able—in full compliance with our Constitution punish the organizers of the September 11 at- and understood. and our laws. They must pay for their murder tacks and protect the people of this nation There are prayers that help us last through of thousands of innocent American citizens from future terrorist threats. the day or endure the night. There are pray- and others. Mr. EVERETT. Mr. Speaker, today was one ers of friends and strangers that give us I want to break the global network of ter- of the saddest days in the history of our be- strength for the journey, and there are pray- rorism so that no other nation, people or group ers that yield our will to a will greater than loved country. It is impossible to watch the will know the pain and sorrow America is not our own. experiencing. To be successful, we will need events caused by evil unfold before our eyes This world He created is of moral design. without feeling great sorrow and great anger. Grief and tragedy and hatred are only for a a multilateral, coordinated effort of law en- We will never forget the sorrow we collectively time. Goodness, remembrance and love have forcement, intelligence and military resources. feel as a nation. Mr. Speaker, we will also no end, and the Lord of life holds all who die We cannot do this alone. never forget the anger and fury we feel toward and all who mourn. I want the best of America to continue to those who have hurt and killed so many inno- It is said that adversity introduces us to shine—so that the world is reassured that the ourselves. United States remains a haven for freedom of cent Americans. I pledge my fortune and This is true of a nation as well. In this honor to do everything in my power to bring religion, freedom of speech, freedom of asso- trial, we have been reminded and the world ciation. Our heritage is rooted in diversity and justice on all those who have so injured this has seen that our fellow Americans are gen- country and its citizens as we pass this resolu- erous and kind, resourceful and brave. tolerance, and nothing must abrogate the fun- tion. We see our national character in rescuers damental freedoms and rights of our people. However, today was a day of prayer and I working past exhaustion, in long lines of I believe this resolution achieves these was moved by the prayer service at the Na- blood donors, in thousands of citizens who goals. The body of this resolution is appro- tional Cathedral here in our Nation’s Capital. I have asked to work and serve in any way priately limited to those entities involved in the possible. And we have seen our national was very touched by the comments of our attacks that occurred on September 11th. It character in eloquent acts of sacrifice. Inside appropriately and explicitly abides by and in- President at that service, Mr. Speaker, and the World Trade Center, one man who could now make them a part of this RECORD as we vokes the authority of the War Powers Resolu- have saved himself stayed until the end and tion. It reiterates the existing constitutional put on the shoulders of our President a bur- at the side of his quadriplegic friend. A be- den no one man can possibly bear without the loved priest died giving the last rites to a powers of the President to take action to de- help of God. firefighter. Two office workers, finding a dis- fend the United States, but provides no new or Mr. Speaker, the President’s words today: abled stranger, carried her down 68 floors to additional grant of powers to the President. We are here in the middle hour of our grief. safety. The President should still consult regularly So many have suffered so great a loss, and A group of men drove through the night with the Congress about his intentions, actions today we express our nation’s sorrow. We from Dallas to Washington to bring skin and policy as they evolve. The president and come before God to pray for the missing and grafts for burned victims. In these acts and the Congress must work together, in concert, the dead, and for those who loved them. many others, Americans showed a deep com- in order to maintain the unity so necessary to On Tuesday, our country was attacked mitment to one another and in an abiding love for our country. success. That will require timely consultation, with deliberate and massive cruelty. We reporting and updates, and a genuine desire have seen the images of fire and ashes and Today, we feel what Franklin Roosevelt bent steel. called, ‘‘the warm courage of national to maintain the bipartisan support for this un- Now come the names, the list of casualties unity.’’ This is a unity of every faith and dertaking. we are only beginning. They are the names every background. This has joined together We know military action alone will never de- of men and women who began their day at a political parties and both houses of Congress. feat terrorism. Last Tuesday, we saw the con- desk or in an airport, busy with live. They It is evident in services of prayer and candle- sequences of raw hate. It has no logic. It has are the names of people who faced death and light vigils and American flags, which are no respect for human life or dignity. It holds no displayed in pride and waved in defiance. Our in their last moments called home to say, be promise for the future. It has no single base or brave and I love you. unity is a kinship of grief and a steadfast re- They are the names of passengers who de- solve to prevail against our enemies. And leader. We can, however, begin to address fied their murderers and prevented the mur- this unity against terror is now extending some of the underlying problems that can lead der of others on the ground. They are the across the world. to terror. names of men and women who wore the uni- America is a nation full of good fortune, We can continue our leadership to help ne- form of the United States and died at their with so much to be grateful for, but we are gotiate just and lasting solutions to the world’s posts. not spared from suffering. In every genera- many conflicts, including in the Middle East. They are the names of rescuers—the ones tion, the world has produced enemies of We can renew our engagement with the whom death found running up the stairs and human freedom. They have attacked Amer- international community to find solutions to the ica because we are freedom’s home and de- into the fires to help others. We will read all global challenges of our times: the environ- these names. We will linger over them and fender, and the commitment of our fathers is learn their stories, and many Americans will now the calling of our time. ment, weapons proliferation, disease and intol- weep. On this national day of prayer and remem- erance. To the children and parents and spouses brance, we ask almighty God to watch over Our country is unified. We can respond ef- and families and friends of the lost, we offer our nation and grant us patience and resolve fectively to the horror of September 11th. We

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 06:18 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00059 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A14SE7.053 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5678 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 can break the links between terrorists. We can This was not just an attack on four planes, appropriated $40 billion help pay for recovery contribute to a world that is not only secure or two buildings, or one nation. Rather, it was efforts, we have responded. Now it is time to from the threat of terrorism, but also free of an attack on democracy and freedom around plan the next part of our response: how to the poverty and oppression that are its breed- the globe. America and our allies will rise to punish the perpetrators of this attack and how ing ground. We must exercise the political will the occasion and fight this scourge just as we to protect ourselves in the future. to make this happen. have risen to defeat past threats to civilization Our country has come together to get This resolution helps us begin to achieve and democracy. through this time of great tragedy. Members these goals, and I urge its adoption. To that end, today I will vote to authorize on both sides of the aisle have appropriately Mr. STUMP. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in President Bush to use all necessary and ap- put aside partisan politics and present a uni- strong support of this resolution. propriate force to respond to the terror attacks fied front against terrorism. Since the terrible and tragic events of Tues- on our nation. This resolution conveys the re- Most Americans feel that we should strike day, this country and the rest of the world solve of the Congress and the American peo- back at the individuals, groups, or nations that have witnessed the determination of the Amer- ple that those responsible for this heinous were involved in these atrocities. I, too, think ican people to come together, to rally around crime will be identified and punished. we should respond to this heinous attack, our President, and to transcend the tragedy Mr. COLLINS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong bring those involved to justice, and put an end that fell our great Nation. support of President George W. Bush, by to global terrorism. That said, however, I do America’s anger at those who planned and agreeing to grant him the authorization to use not believe—even in times of extreme crisis— perpetrated these terrorist acts is palpable. the resources of the United States to eradicate that the Congress should turn over our con- This Congress has stood as one in expressing the evil forces that perpetuate terrorism, stitutional responsibilities to the President. The our grief over the tragic loss of life, our pride through the enactment of H.J. Res. 64. resolution we are debating today, I fear, be- in those who continue the rescue and recov- The barbaric, heinous attacks launched gins to do just that. ery efforts, and our determination to ensure against the civilian and military population of When writing the Constitution, our Founding that those who support the use of terror are this great nation on September 11, 2001 must Fathers created a balance of powers between severely punished. Now, we must express our not, and will not be tolerated, nor go the three branches of government to prevent unified support for the President to take all unpunished. one branch from inappropriately dominating necessary and appropriate actions to ensure I ask the people of this great nation, and our another. Although the Constitution empowers that the terrorists and their supporters do not allies around the world, to stand with Presi- the President as Commander in Chief, it gives win in their effort to undermine our way of life. dent Bush and support him with their voices, the Congress the sole power of declaring war. Mr. Speaker, the President has been force- their continued heroic deeds and volunteerism, This resolution gives the President the power ful and direct—freedom and democracy are and most-importantly, with their prayers. to conduct a war without reporting to or con- under attack by a determined enemy. This I ask the people of this Nation to pray for sulting with Congress. Frankly stated, it cedes battle will take time and resolve, he stated, but forgiveness for the immorality in this country congressional authority to the President. we will win. In our effort to root out the evil that has become so widespread and which I have real reservations about the resolution that is terrorism, we will once again call upon has contributed to the fragmentation of reli- we are considering today. It should contain ex- the dedicated men and women who voluntarily gious thought. plicit language ensuring that the President re- serve our country in uniform. It is their great- I ask the people of this nation to thank God ports to Congress and consults with us in ness that gives us confidence in our ultimate for the many blessings which have been so planning and executing a military response. victory. generously bestowed upon this nation. But it does not. The fight against terrorism will be a long God be with those who have paid the ulti- That being said, this resolution is better than and difficult campaign. It requires a serious mate price for liberty and freedom, and with earlier versions that were considered. It now commitment. But the President must know that those who will do so in the future in the effort makes clear that nothing supersedes the War the Congress supports him by providing him to restore security and peace for all of us. Powers Act, which requires the President to with the tools he needs to prosecute this bat- God bless this great land, the United States report and consult with Congress. tle. The Congress has already agreed to pro- of America. Given those facts, I will support the resolu- vide significant additional funds for the war on Mr. RYAN of Wisconsin. Mr. Speaker, I rise tion before us today. However, I will continue terrorism. Now, in this decisive moment, we in strong support of this resolution. We must to insist that the President make Congress an must stand behind our troops and send a ensure that our Commander in Chief can bring integral part of our nation’s response to these clear signal to our enemies that the Presi- the full power of the United States Armed attacks. To do otherwise goes against the best dent’s actions have our unanimous support. Forces to bear against the villains who struck interest of the people we represent and the Passage of this resolution will send that sig- our nation so cruelly the morning of Sep- democracy we seek to protect. nal. tember 11th. We act not out of wrath, but with Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to sup- the solemn realization that evil must not go strong support of this resolution granting au- port this resolution, and I yield back the bal- unchecked, that our security must be de- thority to the President to use force to respond ance of my time. fended, and that our liberty must be upheld. to the attack on the United States on Sep- Mr. BALDACCI. Mr. Speaker, America was We stand together tonight united in our re- tember 11, 2001. changed forever on Tuesday morning. Every solve to fight the scourge of terrorism and pro- Our country was the target of an one of us has been deeply affected by the ter- tect our beloved country and its people. We unprovoked, cowardly and vicious attack on ror attack on our Nation. Virtually all of us understand that it will not be easy and that it Tuesday morning. This act of war committed know someone or know of someone who was will require sustained action, commitment, and against our people must not go unanswered directly impacted. vigilance. We must steel ourselves for the and I urge the President to use the authority Yesterday, I visited the Pentagon and saw months ahead and bear in mind the words in- we are about to give him in an appropriate first-hand the destruction that was inflicted on scribed on the base of the Marine War Memo- and decisive manner. We must prevail over that building and its occupants. I am not able rial Iwo Jima: ‘‘Uncommon Valor Was a Com- our enemy and we must be willing to use the to find words to adequately convey just how mon Virtue.’’ They remind us of the character force necessary to achieve total victory. chilling a scene it was, and I will never forget and courage of those who serve in our Armed At this dramatic moment in our history, as those gruesome images. Forces, and I think they also apply to all who we grieve for the loss of thousands of inno- Law enforcement officials are moving swiftly put their own lives on the line in an effort to cent lives and begin to bury our dead, we to identify those who were responsible for this save lives during and after Tuesday’s terrible must not lose sight that this was not just an heinous crime. Soon it will be clear who com- attacks. Now is the time for valor for all Ameri- attack on our government or even our nation. mitted these unspeakable acts, and those who cans. This must be seen as a monstrous attack supported and protected them. And once it is Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, in the aftermath aimed at the security and way of life of free- clear the United States will respond. of the recent terrorist attacks on the United dom-loving people throughout the world. We respond not simply out of revenge. We States, Americans have responded to the Mr. Speaker, words cannot adequately de- act because war has been declared upon cries of their fellow citizens. From the many scribe my feelings or the feelings of Ameri- America. We act because our world must be emergency personnel who arrived moments cans with regard to the attack on New York rid of terrorists who think nothing of destroying after the first impact, to the volunteers from all and Washington. However, I know that innocent lives. We act in the name of thou- over the country arriving to help or donate through the sadness and anger will grow an sands of innocent victims. blood, to the United States Congress, who has unbending determination not to be intimidated

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 06:18 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00060 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A14SE7.055 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5679 by the forces of terror and death. America is though a phantom will not be able to hide. The In closing, Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues a great and a good country. We are also now basic goodness that we have seen dem- to remember the words of our President a united people with a common purpose—to onstrated by the firemen, police, military, and Dwight D. Eisenhower in his Second Inaugural seek out and crush the terrorists and their civilians at the rescue scenes reflects the Address to the nation as we to pass this im- supporters. basic goodness of America. The selflessness, portant resolution: I urge support for this resolution, for our determination and patience tell us that free- Before all else, we seek, upon our common President and for the people of the United dom will be preserved and triumph over this labor as a nation, the blessings of Almighty States. threat. God. And the hopes in our hearts fashion the Ms. BALDWIN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in My colleagues, the forces of evil signed a deepest prayers of our whole people. May we support of this resolution. Our nation was vi- death warrant for terror last Tuesday. They pursue the right—without self-righteousness. ciously attacked on Tuesday, September 11, have unleashed the wrath of the American May we know unity—without conformity. people. The struggle ahead may be a long May we grow in strength—without pride in 2001, leaving children without fathers and self. May we, in all our dealings with all the mothers, parents mourning their missing chil- one. Ultimately, we will triumph. We will pre- peoples of the earth, ever speak truth and dren, families experiencing terrible emptiness serve freedom for future generations. We will serve justice. And so shall America—in the and loss. All Americans feel the horror, shock, guarantee hope remains for all mankind. My sight of all men of good will—prove true to fear, and anger. colleagues please join me in voting for this the honorable purposes that bind and rule us The country has been attacked, and as resolution. God bless America. as a people in all this time of trial through Commander-in-Chief, the President has the Mr. FORBES. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong which we pass. power to act to defend the United States of support of House Joint Resolution 64, which May God bless this mighty nation and shed America. Congress recognized this nearly thir- will authorize the use of force in responding to his grace and blessings upon the men and ty years ago in the War Powers Resolution. the terrorist threat that violated the shores of women of America’s armed forces. Yet by recognizing the authority our Presi- the United States on September 11, 2001. I Mr. MARKEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support dent already possesses under the War Power do not take this action lightly. I fully recognize of the resolution. Resolution, we send a strong statement of na- that this single resolution, though brief in text, In his Funeral Oration, the great Athenian tional unity. By approving this resolution today, will have far-reaching consequences. But, I leader Pericles said ‘‘heroes have the whole we stand united, as one nation, stating clearly am certain that this is the only right course of earth for their tomb; and in lands far from their to the perpetrators of this crime, and those action for our institution and our nation. own, where the column with its epitaph de- who would attack our country in the future, The violence that left so many innocent clares it, there is enshrined in every breast a that we will protect our citizens and ensure the Americans dead or injured or grieving for the record unwritten with no tablet to preserve it, guilty are punished. loss of a beloved family member or friend was except that of the heart.’’ The horrible crisis is also an opportunity. It no less than an act of war. Those who preach The terrible events of the last few days al- is an opportunity for the United States to once fear and hatred declared war upon our nation ready have produced many heroes, from the again demonstrate to the world the sources of and our people. Indeed, they declared war on firemen and the police officers who gave their its strength and greatness. I am not speaking all civilized nations and freedom-loving peo- lives to rescue others, to the airline pas- of our military might, although it is powerful. ples. We must respond in like kind. sengers who appear to have sacrificed them- We will demonstrate our greatness by the way In fact, it is our duty to respond with all the selves to save their fellow citizens. power of our principles and all the might of our we seek justice and the way we promote free- And like the heroes of ancient times, our he- great and prosperous United States. God has dom. We will determine with certainty who is roes also have the whole earth for their tomb; given us a noble land, as Senator Albert culpable and punish them and those who aid for enshrined in every breast is a record of Beveridge once said, ‘‘a land that can feed them, rather than let our rage lash out indis- their deeds that we will carry forever with us. and clothe the world; . . . a land set like a criminately. We will never forget what happened on sentinel between the two imperial oceans of Community leaders in my district have pro- September 11, 2001. the globe.’’ We must use the gifts that have duced a statement expressing their outrage And we must resolve ourselves that these been showered upon America from the heav- and sorrow. Wisely they noted that the victims lives of those who perished in this tragedy will ens to save the world from tyranny once of this attack reflect the diversity of America. not have been sacrificed in vain—that out of again. They wrote in fact that: ‘‘the backgrounds of Just as we did in World War II when we de- their deaths will arise a new commitment to its innocent victims are representative of the feated a tyranny of bigotry and hatred, we preserve and defend our American freedom. world’s diversity, from Africa to the Americas, must engage in an all-out assault against this We must now go about the grim task of Europe to Asia, the Middle East, and beyond.’’ new tyranny of fear and terror. We are unified identifying the monsters responsible for start- As we move forward in seeking justice for the in spirit and in purpose and, we are joined by ing this war and those who may be harboring many victims, we must direct our punishment nations far and near. In the end, we will pre- them; assuring that they pay a very heavy only upon the guilty. vail, providing the world with a new day of price for their actions. The American people stand behind this freedom and peace. In doing so, we call upon all of those who quest for justice. With our many friends While I am certain that our road will end in love peace and freedom to join us in this cru- around the world, we will fight to end the victory, I know that it will likely be a long and sade. The community of nations must unite to scourge of terrorism. As we rise to this chal- arduous road to travel. It will not be neat. It assure that these terrorists have nowhere to lenge, we must do so relying on America’s will not be without bloodshed or loss of life. It run and nowhere to hide. strengths without sacrificing our cherished will not be brief. But it will be right and it will Together, we must hunt these criminals principles. Our constitutional liberties stand as be just. down to the ends of the earth and assure they an example to the world of what freedom It is not easy to stand before my colleagues pay dearly for the crimes they have committed means. We must never forget that we pursue and my country knowing that our actions will against humanity. justice in order to secure liberty. send young men and women into battle for the The resolution before us provides the Presi- Mr. BONILLA. Mr. Speaker, Evil. It is a word cause of freedom. But, we can look their dent with a specific authorization, consistent we use too lightly. A word we use when hor- mothers and fathers in the eye and say to with the War Powers Resolution, to use force rible, distasteful, or bad would be more appro- them now that this is what must be done. I against those responsible for the September priate. It is a word which should be reserved have little doubt that they understand and that 11th terrorist attack. for only the most monstrous and inhuman of they take comfort in knowing that their children I do not view this as an open-ended author- circumstances. My colleagues, we have wit- are heroes in a new greatest generation. ization for this or any future President to wage nessed evil this week. The twin tragedies in And, I feel confident that the American peo- war on any one at any time. It is, instead, in New York and Washington, the massacre of ple will stand with those heroes day in and the words of the resolution, an authority to use innocents, must never happen again. Today, day out until our enemies have been van- force against ‘‘those nations, organizations, or with this legislation, we are sending the world quished. I am overwhelmed with an enormous persons he determines planned, authorized, a message. We are stating that America does sense of pride and patriotism at the selfless- committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that not recoil in the face of evil. On the contrary, ness that so many Americans have shown in occurred on September 11, 2001, or harbored America rises up. recent days in supporting the brave public such organizations or persons, in order to pre- In the last century we faced down the evils safety workers and in consoling the bereaved. vent any future acts of international terrorism of Nazism and Communism. Today, we will That indefatigable spirit will sustain us in any against the United States by such nations, or- face down the evils of terrorism. This evil al- battle against any evil. ganizations or persons.’’

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 06:18 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00061 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A14SE7.067 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 H5680 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE September 14, 2001 All Americans stand behind our President, security at some U.S. airports as a ‘‘farce.’’ PREVENTING GOUGING his advisers, and the brave men and women We now know the terrible price paid for our There is one point that I should not have to of our Armed Forces who will be asked to neglect. make. Regrettably it appears that I do. If there carry out this mission. Our thoughts and our Similarly, intelligence collection about poten- ever were a time when all Americans should prayers will be with them in the days and tial threats must be improved. We should not show a spirit of cooperation, collaboration, and months ahead. underestimate U.S. technical and human intel- mutual concern surely this tragedy is it. Yet We know their task will not be easy. But ligence capabilities and past FBI and CIA suc- there are credible reports of price gouging, they should go forward armed with the knowl- cesses in detecting and disrupting terrorists’ profiteering, and other despicable efforts to ex- edge that they have the support of all Ameri- plans. Nevertheless, Tuesday’s disaster de- ploit the situation fuel prices have soared in cans—as expressed by the unanimous vote of mands improved analysis of information that parts of the Midwest have jumped alarmingly. their elected representatives. pours in daily. If that is now hindered by ‘‘in- The mayor of New York has had to warn gro- That is what this resolution signifies, and I formation overload’’, we must deal with that. cers and other merchants against raising urge its adoption. But in intelligence, as in athletics, the best de- prices as customers seek to stock up in the Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, I want to start fense is a good offense. The best way to de- face of uncertainty. This selfish behavior is in- by expressing my sorrow and outrage at Tues- fend against terrorism is to penetrate terrorist tolerable. I am calling on the Federal Energy day’s cowardly attack. Tuesday’s savagery groups in order to preempt their plots before Regulatory Commission and the Federal tore our national fabric, but the tragedy also they begin. We have probably neglected this Trade Commission to immediately establish a united the Nation. Our immediate priorities are aspect of intelligence gathering, preferring in- joint task force to police and pursue any ab- treating survivors, supporting victims’ families, stead to rely on the latest technology. This rupt price hikes in energy fuels. restoring essential services, protecting our civil must change. I also commend my state’s Attorney Gen- liberties, healing the national psyche and find- But as we take bold steps to ensure our se- eral, Jennifer Granholm, for taking legal action ing and judging anyone who participated in the curity, we must be equally vigilant to protect against nine Michigan gas stations accused of horrendous act. We all share these impera- our liberties. On Tuesday, one TV network price gouging. In notice of intended action tives and will do all that we can to help. We commentator, during an interview, flatly asked served yesterday and today, Granholm ac- all support the President in these endeavors. what civil liberties should be cut back for cer- cuses each station of charging prices for gas This is the indomitable strength of our country. tain groups in this country. There is always that are ‘‘grossly in excess’’ of the market- But our eyes also turn to the future with tension between public safety and liberty, a based price at which gasoline would normally three critical questions, each of which calls for tension that we have tested each time we be sold. The Michigan Consumer Protection thorough congressional hearings. First, how faced a new threat. Americans are proud of Act expressly prohibits such sales practices as should we punish those guilty of these das- our commitment to protecting citizens from for- unfair and unconscionable under the law. tardly crimes, once we determine who were in- eign and domestic threats without abandoning Next, I will turn to the specific language of volved? Second, how can we make sure this the Constitution’s guarantee of civil liberties. this resolution. nightmare never occurs again? How can we There has been backsliding, to be sure, such THE RESOLUTION better collect intelligence, tighten security and as the relocation of innocent Japanese-Amer- In terms of the specifics of the resolution, as insist that other Nations do their share to pre- ican families in the post-Pearl Harbor panic. ranking member of the Judiciary Committee, I vent terrorism? Third, how can we pursue both While the Supreme Court later upheld the con- believe it is important that the RECORD reflect of these goals without abandoning America’s stitutionality of that action in the Korematsu what the resolution does and does not do. hallmark commitment to civil liberties or forget- case, most scholars now regard that as one of By not declaring war, the resolution pre- ting the necessity to constantly battle ethnic, the modern Court’s most shameful decisions. serves our precious civil liberties. This is im- religious and racial prejudice. Eventually, the U.S. Government apologized portant because declarations of war trigger PUNISHING THE PERPETRATORS to the surviving victims and provided com- broad statutes that not only criminalize inter- This week, a United Airlines flight attendant pensation. Thus, history demonstrates that we ference with troops and recruitment but also expressed the thoughts of many Americans must periodically review the delicate balance authorize the President to apprehend ‘‘alien when she told the press ‘‘As horrible as it is between national security and civil liberty, and enemies.’’ Having said that, the President has to say, I want revenge.’’ Clearly the United that when the balance is readjusted it should declared that we are in a national emergency. States will not stand for such a brutal assault be done cautiously, with great care and with Such an emergency triggers other, less severe on our citizens and our country. The perpetra- an eye beyond today’s headlines. Just as ter- statutes, including criminal prohibitions on the tors must be punished. But if we unleash the rorism can destroy lives and property, so can destruction of war materials. full fury of America’s military might and we kill it destroy us from within, causing us to turn Second, this resolution does not give the innocent people in the process, we will be no our back on our most treasured freedoms. President perpetual authority to use military better than the terrorists who unleashed their PREVENTING SCAPEGOATING force. Not only does Congress have the con- fury on America’s civilian population. These Times of great stress also spawn stitutional duty to oversee the President’s use acts of hijacking, murder, and terrorism are scapegoating. These are very stressful times of our men and women in uniform, if has crimes for which there are laws and punish- for America, and signs of scapegoating have every expectation of revisiting the President’s ments under Federal law. These atrocities are already surfaced. The twentieth century has need of the Armed Forces during his pursuit of not known to have been committed by nation- taught us the terrible consequences of direct- the terrorists. Should Congress later determine states but rather by cowardly individuals who ing hostility toward an entire group of people. that the President needs more or less author- we should arrest and try as our justice system America has a long, difficult history of strug- ity than he has been given, we will act accord- demands. We must react with righteousness gling to overcome discrimination simply on the ingly. and justice and not allow ourselves to suc- basis of religion ethnicity and race. Now, we Finally, this resolution implicitly requires that cumb to the momentary seduction of emo- must guard against turning diffuse feelings of the President comply with section 4(a) of the tional revenge. anger against a whole group of Americans War Powers Resolution. That section requires And if we do retaliate, we must exercise our such as Muslims or Arabs, if a handful of their the President to report to Congress whenever best efforts, as we have always done, to mini- members are accused of Tuesday’s murders. U.S. Armed Forces are introduced into hos- mize collateral damage against innocent civil- Already, shops and businesses owned by tilities, into foreign territories while equipped ians. To disregard that concern because feel- Americans of Arab descent—and I emphasize for combat, or into foreign territories to sub- ings are running so high is to take a path to ‘‘Americans’’—have been trashed and in some stantially enlarge an existing force. These re- mayhem that we will live to regret. cases burned. Individuals have been attacked. ports will allow Congress to ensure that the PREVENTING RECURRENCE These hate crimes must be stopped imme- needs of the President and the Armed Forces Some voices have described Tuesday’s at- diately. Federal, state and local officials should are being met during this on-going crisis. tack as a ‘‘massive intelligence and security use their powers of persuasion and publicity to Mr. Speaker, let us grieve for the victims. failure.’’ That path could easily lead to frenzied stop it and, if necessary, vigorously enforce Let us restore the destruction. But let us also finger-pointing that would distract us from nec- every applicable law. I will ask the appropriate rededicate ourselves to preserving those very essary improvements. Of course, we must up- authorities in Detroit to convene a city-wide principles that have been the ultimate source grade air travel safety through a greater gov- conference to address this danger and to ex- of America’s strength. ernment role in airport security, rather than air- ercise the necessary leadership. I have also Ms. KILPATRICK. Mr. Speaker, this week line hired-security employees. Some airline pi- introduced a sense of the Congress resolution my emotions have run the gamut. On the one lots and other observers have deemed current condemning these hate crimes. hand I have seen my son take a step closer

VerDate 31-AUG-2001 06:18 Sep 15, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00062 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 9920 E:\CR\FM\A14SE7.070 pfrm02 PsN: H14PT1 September 14, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H5681 to becoming the youngest mayor in the history I applaud the administration’s efforts to as- other way to classify the murder of defense- of Detroit. Yet, my joy has been destroyed by semble an international coalition to fight ter- less, innocent civilians. I urge my colleagues the hands that inflicted the worst attack rorism. Working with our allies and other na- to join me in supporting this resolution, giving against the United States since Pearl Harbor. tions concerned about this scourge, we have the President our support to reinforce that the I share the pain of Tuesday’s attack with mil- a real opportunity to make the world safer for use of terror as a weapon will never be toler- lions of Americans who have witnessed the freedom and democracy. ated. subsequent carnage. My emotions cry out for Ms. SANCHEZ. Mr. Speaker, I will miss the The SPEAKER. All time for debate retribution; yet my head tells me that while we rollcall vote on H.J. Res. 64, which will for- has expired. must be resolute, we must also be deliberate mally authorizes the use of military force Pursuant to the order of the House of and circumspect. against the perpetrators of the terrorist attacks today, the joint resolution is consid- For now, as a nation, we stand at the edge which occurred on September 11, 2001. ered as having been read for amend- of the abyss. We are poised to make the leap I have scheduled very important meetings in ment and the previous question is or- that our nation has rarely been called on to California over the weekend and Monday with dered. make; yet when called to do so, we have district employers and employees to discuss The question is on the engrossment leaped with everything that we have. We are the defense budget and other matters of na- and third reading of the joint resolu- poised today to leap into the abyss of war and tional security. These meetings have been tion. we cannot do so timidly. Our determination to scheduled for some time, and cannot be easily The joint resolution was ordered to triumph over terrorism must be resolute and reconfigured. Therefore, during the vote I will be engrossed and read a third time, and undeterred. It is with a heavy heart that I be unavoidably detained. The events of Sep- was read the third time. stand before the American people prepared to tember 11 were horrific, and I request that the tip my hand in favor of using military force. f CONGRESSIONAL RECORD reflect that had I War intrinsically means the loss of lives. And MOTION TO RECOMMIT OFFERED BY MR. TIERNEY been present and voting, I would have cast Mr. TIERNEY. Mr. Speaker, I offer a I know that, in addition to the blood that has my vote in favor of the resolution authorizing already been shed, our actions today will motion to recommit. the use of military force. The SPEAKER. Is the gentleman op- sanction further bloodshed of our sons and Mr. OSE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to give daughters. However, there are times when cir- posed to the joint resolution? the President the authorization and support he Mr. TIERNEY. I am, in its current cumstance leaves us no choice. Tuesday’s at- needs to respond to the acts of terror com- tack has left no doubt that our enemies seek form, Mr. Speaker. mitted this week against the American people. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report to bring America under siege. We have no When I was elected to this House, I took an choice but to protect ourselves, and I have no the motion to recommit. oath to ‘‘support and defend the Constitution The Clerk read as follows: choice but to support this joint resolution au- of the United States against all enemies, for- Mr. TIERNEY moves to recommit the joint thorizing the President to respond militarily eign and domestic.’’ Today I reaffirm that vow against our enemies. resolution H.J. Res. 64 to the Committee on by giving the President the authority to pros- Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support International Relations with instructions to ecute the battle against our enemies wherever of this resolution, which authorizes the use of report the same back to the House forthwith with the following amendment: force against those responsible for planning they may hide. The armed forces of the United States are and carrying out Tuesday’s horrific terrorist at- Add at the end the following new section: the best in the world. And the men and tacks. I don’t take this lightly. Authorizing the SEC. 3. REPORTS TO CONGRESS; CONSULTATION. use of our military is one of the most awe- women serving in them are ready to act and (a) REPORTS.—At least once every 60 days after the date of the enactment of this reso- some responsibilities we have as members of know our cause to be just. There is no justification for these despicable lution, the President shall submit to Con- this body. But at this moment we have no gress a summary on the status of efforts choice. We know the hijackers had ties to actions. There is no justification for providing support or assistance to those who would made to carry out this resolution. Osama bin Laden and his Al-Qaeda organiza- (b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of tion, which also bombed our embassies in wage war against innocent men, women and Congress that, in addition to complying with Kenya and Tanzania and attacked the U.S.S. children. There is no place to hide from our subsection (a), the President should comply Cole. coming actions. with all other reporting and consultation re- The American people will no longer tolerate In the words of another great President who quirements under applicable provisions of these barbaric acts. We must do whatever it led this nation in a time of turmoil, Abraham law, including sections 3 and 4 of the War Powers Resolution. takes, including the use of military force, to Lincoln, ‘‘Let us have faith that right makes The SPEAKER. The gentleman from tract down bin Laden and destroy his organi- might; and in that faith let us to the end, dare Massachusetts (Mr. TIERNEY) is recog- zation. But this isn’t just about bin Laden. to do our duty as we understand it.’’ nized for 5 minutes. There are other radical groups that engage in Mr. CAMP. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of Mr. TIERNEY. Mr. Speaker, I join all international terrorism, including Hezbollah, this joint resolution and in doing so, I stand in of our colleagues and all Americans in Hamas, and Islamic Jihad. To win the war support of the President, the men and women our sorrow for Tuesday’s victims and against terrorism, we must eliminate the entire of our Armed Forces, and Americans every- infrastructure that sustains these organiza- where. in our outrage for the despicable acts tions. This egregious crime has struck the heart of cowardice which have so changed This will involve getting tough with govern- and soul of America but we will not falter or our lives. Tonight, we show our unity; ments that aid and harbor terrorists. Syria al- fail in our ideals and values; we will recover. and by so doing we serve notice that lows Hezbollah to operate freely in Southern This process is underway in the rescue, recov- we, as a Nation, are resolved to hold Lebanon. Iran recently hosted a terrorist ‘‘sum- ery and investigative efforts happening in accountable those responsible for Tues- mit,’’ and routinely provides arms and other Pennsylvania, New York, and the Washington day’s terrorism. assistance to Hezbollah and other radical DC, areas. As we go forward, I do not think this groups. bin Laden is a ‘‘guest’’ of the Taliban Last night both bodies of Congress passed Congress wants to purposely abdicate regime in Afghanistan. The suicide bombers of a supplemental aid package to assist the its constitutional obligations and re- Islamic Jihad and Hamas are nurtured by the President in providing necessary aid and sup- sponsibilities. It seems unlikely that Palestinian Authority. port in the wake of these tragedies. Now, Con- this Congress would knowingly deny The time has come for these and other gov- gress should give the President the authority itself the information that may well be ernments to make a fundamental choice: Will to find and punish those responsible for these necessary in the future in order to in- they continue to support those responsible for crimes against humanity. telligently carry out its work with the taking the lives of thousands of innocent men, If the goal of these attacks was to demor- President in meeting their shared re- women and children? Or will they realize the alize or scare America and other peace loving sponsibilities in the area of national error of their ways and end their financing, fa- nations, let me be clear in saying that these security. Yet if we pass the resolution cilitating and harboring of terrorists and their terrorists failed their mission. I say to them, tonight, without first adding the lan- organizational infrastructure, and their state- your ungodly actions will be punished. We are guage of this motion to recommit, I am sponsored incitement of terrorist acts? For if a strong and united America. concerned that that is precisely what they choose to continue their present course The deplorable events that occurred on the might occur. they are not states of concern, they are not morning of Tuesday, September 11, 2001, As written, the joint resolution re- rogue states, they are our enemies. were undeniably an act of war. There is no fers to the War Powers Resolution but

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