Saving Species by Connecting Habitats
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Saving species by connecting habitats Small grants for the Purchase of Nature Connect forest fragments PHOTO CREDITS Page 7 Fundación Vida Silvestre Argentina Page 7 Jan Vermeer Page 7 Laurens Gomes Page 9 Luciano Candisani Page 11 Sabuh Jahas Protect habitats Page 12 Iranian Cheetah Society Page 13 Ciro Albano, NE Brazil Birding Page 14 Manuk Manukyan Page 17 Andinobates cassidyhorni Luis Mazariegos Page 17 Pristimantis sp Luis Mazariegos Page 19 Misad Dreamstime Page 19 Manuk Manukyan Page 22 Pleprakaymas Dreamstime Page 23 worldswildlifewonders/Shutterstock Save species Page 25 GreenEmpowerment/ATDER Page 27 Diego J. Lizcano, IUCN/SSC Tapir Specialist Group (TSG) Page 27 Natura y Cultura Ecuador Page 34 Manuk Manukyan Page 39 Ciro Albano, NE Brazil Birding COLOPHON Editors: Marc Hoogeslag, Gemma Span, Marijn van der Pas Thanks to: Viv Burton, Christina Ballinger, Juan David Guevara Design: Margo Vlamings Printing: Straatsma Printmanagement Services Our prOjects Latin America • Mexico • Guatemala • Honduras • Nicaragua • Dominican Republic • Panama • Costa Rica • Peru • Ecuador • Bolivia • Chile • Argentina • Brazil • Paraguay • Colombia • Africa • Kenya • Uganda • Tanzania • Madagascar • Asia • Vietnam • Myanmar • Malaysia • India • Indonesia • Iran • Armenia Table of contents Saving species by connecting habitats 2 Facts & figures 4 Connecting habitats 6 Case study Brazil 8 Case study India 10 Creating safe reserves 12 Case study Colombia 16 Case study Armenia 18 Capturing wildlife on camera 20 Signs of conservation 21 Safeguarding ecosystem services 22 Case study Nicaragua 24 Case study Ecuador 26 From project proposal to protected area 28 Snowball effect of small grants 30 Sharing and inspiring 32 Voices from the field 36 Ingredients for success 38 Looking forward 39 Dutch Postcode Lottery 40 1 Saving species by The strategic acquisition of nature offers a threefold gain: connecting habitats (1) connecting habitats, (2) creating safe reserves, and (3) safeguarding ecosystem services Acquire nature Local ownership The strategic acquisition of small The SPN approach places the patches of land is an extremely ownership and management targeted and cost effective tool responsibility of natural to protect nature. It takes only a resources in the hands of local, few hectares of land to create a in-country organizations with 1 2 3 corridor between two isolated a clear conservation objective connecting creating safeguarding forests, thereby greatly increasing and eye for the needs of local habitats safe reserves ecosystem the living space for wide ranging communities. Empowering these services species such as parrots, dedicated professionals working elephants, monkeys and jaguars. in the frontline is the best way of achieving long-term sustainable All over the world, large scale conservation. SPN’s open window logging of forests and conversion for funding applications from Purchase or lease of the natural environment for NGOs all over the world makes our Land acquisition includes the actual purchase agriculture results in fragmentation grants unique in the conservation of habitats. Age-old animal sector. of ownership rights from private landowners, migration routes are obstructed, as well as long term lease agreements with making it hard for species to Benefits for humans local communities or authorities. find food and a mate. With the The acquisition and protection of help and expertise of our global natural areas not only provides network, the Small grants for the a lifeline to highly endangered Purchase of Nature (SPN) program species, it also benefits humans. provides funds for specialist NGOs Ecosystems such as forests “We’re talking just fifty acres, hundred acres, to acquire threatened patches of are the lifeblood of sustainable twenty acres. But this patch of land connects wilderness to create or expand development and human well- thousands and thousands of square kilometers safe reserves and connect wildlife being, providing communities of forest, and therefore it is critical to the habitats. with food, fresh water, clean air, wellbeing of several key biodiversity species.” and many other assets that are generally referred to as ecosystem Vivek Menon, Wildlife Trust of India services. 2 3 Facts & figures E9787 HIGHEST PRICE PER HectaRE 106 ECTS J 32.000 HEctaRES O NDED HectaRES R U SECURED SMALLEST P F 8 ACQUISISITION HEctaRES aveRAGE SIZE PROJECT 27 415 AREA COUNTRIES E19 5200 62 NGOs SUPPORTED LOWEST HEctaRES PRICE PER LARGEST HectaRE ACQUISITION 4 5 Connecting habitats How a few hectares make a huge difference The Urugua-í and Foerster Provincial Parks With support from IUCN NL, the Peruvian Even a relatively small piece of A land acquisition of a few were on the verge of becoming cut off NGO Ucumari created a corridor between land can be enough to maintain hundred hectares on its own, from one another because of agricultural larger forest fragments that are crucial for the landscape ‘connectivity’, or the isolated in the middle of an expansion. With SPN support, the 300 survival of the critically endangered yellow- hectare Urugua-í Foerster Biodiversity tailed woolly monkey. extent to which species are able agriculture area for instance, Corridor was secured, enabling species like to move from one area to another. cannot sustain populations of jaguars to roam freely between these two This is the case if the piece of land large predators such as jaguars parks in Argentina. forms a bridge between two or or large herbivores such as more larger fragments of forests or elephants. If however, the few if it functions as a stepping stone hundred hectares provides a for species to move from one corridor between two large, but forest to another. isolated protected areas, such as a national park or a forest reserve, Targeted, strategic acquisitions the impact is significantly higher. “It’s all about location, that maintain or enhance location, location. connectivity have a significantly greater impact than the acquisition Acquiring a strategically of the same sized area if it is chosen forest patch isolated. can very well mean the difference between survival and extinction.” Marc Hoogeslag, coordinator SPN program at IUCN NL IUCN NL has supported Malaysian partner Hutan to secure contiguous areas of forest to create wildlife corridors in a landscape dominated by oil palm plantations. Safeguarding connectivity is crucial for the survival of Bornean pygmy elephant and the orang-utan. 6 7 CASE stUDY • BRAZIL i NGO: Associação Mico-Leão Dourado Country: Brazil Hectares: Acquisition of 113 Golden lion tamarin ha of land to create a corridor makes a comeback Partnership created: 2007 In the 1990s, golden lion tamarins were barely hanging on to a thread of survival with only 150 remaining in Brazil’s Atlantic coastal rainforest. Thanks to the purchase and protection of their natural habitat, fuelling a tenfold increase in the population, the golden lion tamarin is now on the comeback trail. Problem Approach Brazil’s Atlantic rainforest in the For the past 20 years, our local state of Rio de Janeiro is home to partner Associação Mico-Leão- numerous exceptional species of Dourado (AMLD) has led efforts animals and plants. But the area to conserve endangered golden is under enormous pressure due lion tamarins. Supported by IUCN to the rise in human population, NL’s land purchase programme urban sprawl and expanding and SavingSpecies, AMLD agricultural areas. As a result, takes action towards restoring the rainforest has been reduced degraded forests and creating and Result IUCN Red List of Threatened to 7.3 percent of its original protecting corridors between the Thanks to the efforts of AMLD, the Species changed from ‘critically forest cover. One of the most remaining forest fragments. protected forest areas currently endangered’ to ‘endangered’. charismatic forest inhabitants is cover a connected area of over The long-term goal for 2025 is the golden lion tamarin. Population 13,000 hectares. The expansion to establish a nature reserve of density and deforestation have of the golden lion tamarin’s 25,000 hectares where 2,000 led to enormous fragmentation habitat has allowed the primate golden lion tamarins live freely. of the primate’s original habitat: to thrive. The wild population has The SPN contribution added a staggering 80 percent of risen to 1,500, a tenfold increase another 113 protected hectares to the remaining forest consists compared to the historic low of the golden lion tamarin’s habitat of tiny fragments of less than the 1990s. The first milestone and more importantly, created an 50 hectares, which is too small was achieved in 2003: the status important corridor between larger to support a healthy tamarin of the golden lion tamarin on the forest fragments. population. 8 9 CASE STUDY • INDIA i NGO: Wildlife Trust of India Country: India Hectares: Acquisition of 8 hectares of land to secure an Making way for elephant migration corridor elephants in India Partnership created: 2006 For generations, elephants in India have been using the same routes as they migrate. Yet more and more people are making settlements or creating farmland within these traditional migration paths. This is causing increased conflict between people and elephants. IUCN NL is working with the Wildlife Trust of India so that the “IUCN NL was elephants can once again move freely between the absolutely critical, because it came in at protected areas. the right moment with the right amount of money to ensure that this corridor is free of human pressure