Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 July 2015 | 7(9): 7510–7537 Review The local conservation status of the regionally rarest bird species in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) Francisco Mallet-Rodrigues 1 & José Fernando Pacheco 2 ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) 1 Laboratório de Ornitologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, UFRJ, 21944-970, OPEN ACCESS Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil 2 Comitê Brasileiro de Registros Ornitológicos (CBRO), Rua Bambina, 50/104, 22251-050, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil 1
[email protected] (corresponding author), 2
[email protected] Abstract: We reviewed the local current status and summarized the suspected causes of rarity, and presumed major threats to the 84 rarest bird species in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil. We have focused on the bird species that have not been recently recorded or have fewer than 10 records in the last five decades in the state of Rio de Janeiro.Of these, 24 species are considered globally threatened or near threatened, and at least about 30 species are actually common or abundant elsewhere in their distribution.More than half of these species are forest birds inhabiting mainly lowland forests, but less than one-fifth of these species are endemic to the Atlantic Forest. The trophic guilds with the highest numbers of species were omnivores and insectivores. The main habitats used by the rarest bird species were wetlands, lowland forest canopy, secondary forest canopy and secondary forest edge. Bird species using two or more habitats were more represented among rare species than those using only a single habitat.