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Study of the Interannual Rainfall Variability in Northern Algeria Etude De La Variabilite Inter-Annuelle Des Pluies De L'algerie Septentrionale
Revue scientifique et technique. LJEE N°23. Décembre 2013 STUDY OF THE INTERANNUAL RAINFALL VARIABILITY IN NORTHERN ALGERIA ETUDE DE LA VARIABILITE INTER-ANNUELLE DES PLUIES DE L'ALGERIE SEPTENTRIONALE Mohamed MEDDI. École Nationale Supérieure d’Hydraulique, Blida, LGEE. [email protected] Samir TOUMI . École Nationale Supérieure d’Hydraulique, Blida, LGEE. ABSTRACT : The work presented here focuses on the inter-annual variability of annual rainfall in Northern Algeria. This work is carried out by using the coefficient of variation (the ratio between the standard deviation and the average). We will try to show areas of low, medium and high variations in Northern Algeria. In order to do this, we use 333 rainfall stations spread over the entire study area, with a measurement period of 37 years (1968/2004). The contrast of rainfall spatial and temporal distribution has been demonstrated by studying the sixteen basins, as adopted by the National Agency of Water Resources. The high spatial variability characterizes the basins of the High Plateaus of Constantine and Chot El Hodna. Keywords: Northern Algeria - annual Rainfall - inter-annual variability - coefficient of variation RESUME : Nous présentons dans cet article une étude de la variabilité interannuelle des pluies annuelles en Algérie septentrionale. Ce travail a été réalisé en utilisant le coefficient de variation (le rapport entre l'écart-type et la moyenne). Nous essayerons de montrer les zones à faible, moyenne et forte variations dans le Nord de l'Algérie. Pour se faire, nous avons utilisé 333 postes pluviométriques réparties sur l'ensemble de la zone d'étude avec une période de mesure de 37 ans (1968/2004). -
The Nemouridae from Algeria (Insecta: Plecoptera)
The Nemouridae from Algeria (Insecta: Plecoptera) Nabila YASRI-CHEBOUBI Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences biologiques et Sciences agronomiques, Université Mouloud Mammeri, Tizi-Ouzou (Algeria) [email protected] Gilles VINÇON 55 boulevard J. Vallier, F-38100 Grenoble (France) [email protected] Abdelkader LOUNACI Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences biologiques et Sciences agronomiques, Université Mouloud Mammeri, Tizi-Ouzou (Algeria) [email protected] Published on 30 September 2016 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:90B05EEB-DDB9-4599-B76C-A95D6320230F Yasri-Cheboubi N., Vinçon G. & Lounaci A. 2016. — The Nemouridae from Algeria (Insecta: Plecoptera). Zoosystema 38 (3): 295-308. http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n3a1 ABSTRACT Intensive research on the stonefl ies of Central and Eastern Algeria has uncovered three Protonemura Kempny, 1898 taxa new for Algeria: P. drahamensis Vinçon & Pardo, 2006 and P. algirica bejaiana Vinçon & Muranyi, 2009, and Amphinemura berthelemyi Vinçon, Yasri & Lounaci, 2013. Th e three Nemouridae Newman, 1853 are endemic of Central Maghreb (Western Tunisia and Eastern Alge- ria), increasing the list of Algerian Nemouridae to seven species. Two other species, collected only KEY WORDS as larvae, could not be identifi ed to species: Amphinemura sp. and Nemoura sp. Protonemura talboti Nemouridae, (Navás, 1929) is reported for the fi rst time from Central Algeria (Blida). Th e distribution and the zoogeography, Algeria, ecology of the Algerian Nemouridae are discussed. Distribution maps, habitat photos and drawings new records. of the species are presented. RÉSUMÉ Nouvelles données sur les Nemouridae d’Algérie (Insecta: Plecoptera). Des recherches intensives dans le centre et l’Est algérien ont permis de découvrir trois taxons de Pro- tonemura Kempny, 1898 nouveaux pour l’Algérie: P. -
Colonial Mythologies: Algeria in the French Imagination Lahouari Addi
Colonial Mythologies: Algeria in the French Imagination Lahouari Addi To cite this version: Lahouari Addi. Colonial Mythologies: Algeria in the French Imagination. Carl Brown. Franco Arabs Encounters: Studies in Memory of David C. Gordon, American University of Beirut, Beyrouth, Liban, pp.93-105, 1996. halshs-00397835 HAL Id: halshs-00397835 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00397835 Submitted on 23 Jun 2009 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Colonial Mythologies: Algeria in the French Imagination Lahouari Addi Professeur à l'Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Lyon In Carl Brown, Franco Arabs Encounters, American University of Beirut, 1996 Sommaire • France as colonial power • The Principal Colonial Myths in Algeria • Three Myths Justifying the Conquest • The Myth of Christianity's Moral Superiority over Islam • The Myth of France's Civilizing Mission • The Myth of Etknic Diversity • Conclusion Texte intégral To understand how Algeria appears to the French Imagination, we must call on history, for relationships between the two nations go far back in time. Two relatively stable images of Algeria persisted in France from 1830 to 1962. The first, held by the metropolitan French for whom Algeria was a faraway exotic colony, was nurtured by stories, personal reports, military correspondence and travel, describing either a hostile country, enemy populations, an inhuman climate and geography, or else a quaint Version of indigenous daily life, elements of fantasy, camels, the desert.. -
The Sand Filterers
1 The sand filterers Majnoun, the passionate lover of Leila, wandering in the desert, was seen one day filtering sand in his hands. “What are you looking for?” He was asked. “I am looking for Leila.” “How can you expect to find such a pure pearl like Leila in this dust?” “I look for Leila everywhere”, replied Majnoun, “hoping to find her one day, somewhere.” Farid Eddin Attar, as reported by Emile Dermenghem, Spiritual Masters’ Collection. 2 Introduction Whatever judgment passed in the future on Mostefa Ben Boulaid, Bachir Chihani or Adjel Adjoul, a place in the mythical Algerian revolution will be devoted to them. Many controversies will arise concerning the nature of this place. As for me, I only hope to be faithful to their truth. To achieve this, I think time has come to unveil the history of the Aures- Nememcha insurrection and rid it of its slag, reaching deep in its genuine reality which makes it fascinating. The events told here go from November 1st, 1954 to June 1959. They depict rather normal facts, sometimes mean, often grandiose, and men who discover their humanity and whose everyday life in the bush is scrutinized as if by a scanner. As it is known, it is not easy to revive part of contemporary History, particularly the one concerning the Aures Nememcha insurrection of November 1954. I have started gleaning testimonies in 1969, leaving aside those dealing with propaganda or exonerating partiality. I have confronted facts and witnesses, through an unyielding search for truth, bearing in mind that each witness, consciously or not, is victim of his own implication. -
LES MAMMIFERES SAUVAGES D'algerie Répartition Et Biologie
LES MAMMIFERES SAUVAGES D’ALGERIE Répartition et Biologie de la Conservation Mourad Ahmim To cite this version: Mourad Ahmim. LES MAMMIFERES SAUVAGES D’ALGERIE Répartition et Biologie de la Con- servation. Les Editions du Net, 2019, 978-2312068961. hal-02375326 HAL Id: hal-02375326 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02375326 Submitted on 22 Nov 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. LES MAMMIFERES SAUVAGES D’ALGERIE Répartition et Biologie de la Conservation Par Mourad AHMIM SOMMAIRE INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPITRE 1 – METHODES DE TRAVAIL 1.1. Présentation de l’Algérie 3 1.2. Géographie physique de l’Algérie 3 1.2.1. Le Sahara 3 1.2.2. L’Algérie occidentale 4 1.2.3. L’Algérie orientale 4 1.3. Origine des données et présentation du catalogue 5 1.4. Critères utilisés pour la systématique 6 1.4.1. Mensurations crâniennes 6 1.4.2. Mensurations corporelles 6 1.5. Présentation du catalogue 6 1.6. Critères de classification pour la conservation 7 1.7. Catégories de la liste rouge 7 CHAPITRE 2 –EVOLUTION DES CONNAISSANCES SUR LES MAMMIFERES D’ALGERIE 2.1. -
Post-Cretaceous Kinematics of the Atlas and Tell Systems in Central Algeria: Early Foreland Folding and Subduction-Related Deformation
C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006) 115–125 http://france.elsevier.com/direct/CRAS2A/ Geodynamics Post-Cretaceous kinematics of the Atlas and Tell systems in central Algeria: Early foreland folding and subduction-related deformation Narimane Benaouali-Mebarek a, Dominique Frizon de Lamotte b,∗, Eduard Roca c, Rabah Bracene d, Jean-Luc Faure a, William Sassi a, François Roure a a Institut français du pétrole, BP 311, 92852 Rueil-Malmaison cedex, France b Département des sciences de la Terre et de l’environnement, CNRS UMR 7072, université de Cergy-Pontoise, 95031 Cergy-Pontoise cedex, France c Departament de Geodinàmica i Geofísica, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain d SONATRACH explo, av. du 1er-Novembre, Boumerdès, Algeria Received 4 October 2005; accepted after revision 8 November 2005 Available online 20 December 2005 Written on invitation of the Editorial Board Abstract Available surface and industrial subsurface data provide the basis for a general balanced cross-section from the Sahara platform to the Mediterranean Sea in central Algeria. This section gives an overview of the whole Maghrebian orogen comprising from south to north the following structural domains: the intra-continental Atlas system; the External Tell system, deriving from the African palaeo-margin; the Flyschs domain, representing the cover of the former oceanic domain and, finally, the Kabylides domain of European affinities. Restoration of the southern segment of the section, comprising the Atlas and External Tell systems, yields a minimum value of 40 km (20%) of horizontal shortening. For this part of the section, a four-step kinematic scenario, built using the THRUSTPACK software, illustrates the main stages of the deformation history: (1) Late Eocene ‘Atlas’ deformation pulse, (2) Early Miocene deposition of a thick flexural sequence, (3) Middle–Late Miocene emplacement of the Tell nappes and (4) Late Miocene to present out-of-sequence thrusting. -
A Literature Review of Occurrence of Egyptian Vulture (Neophron Percnopterus) Resident in Africa
Vulture News 77 November 2019 A literature review of occurrence of Egyptian Vulture (Neophron percnopterus) resident in Africa Volen Arkumarev1*, Mike McGrady2 and Ivaylo Angelov3 1Bulgarian Society for Protection of Birds / BirdLife Bulgaria, Yavorov complex, bl. 71, en. 4, PO box 50, 1111 Sofia, Bulgaria 2International Avian Research, Am Rosenhügel 59, 3500 Krems, Austria. 3Gorno Pole 6480, Madzharovo, Bulgaria *Corresponding author: Volen Arkumarev email: [email protected] http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/vulnew.v77i1.1 Abstract The Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus is a globally endangered species that is experiencing rapid population declines throughout most of its range. Conservation of Egyptian Vultures in Africa is globally important because it holds a resident population of 1 000 – 2 000 breeding pairs, harbours a significant but unknown number of Eurasian migrants during the boreal winter, and many non-adult Egyptian Vultures reared in Eurasia dwell in Africa until they mature. Africa comprises approximately half of the area of the global range of the species. Once considered common and widespread in many parts of Africa, Egyptian Vulture is now one of the vulture species that is most threatened with extinction. Egyptian Vulture is considered extinct as a breeding species in Southern Africa, and continuous population declines have been reported from most of its African range, resulting in a population reduction of perhaps 75%. Despite these declines, there is an apparent lack of systematic observations, and its current status in many African countries is unknown. Furthermore, little is known about the magnitude of the various threats and their impact on resident and wintering Egyptian Vultures. -
Pacification in Algeria, 1956-1958
THE ARTS This PDF document was made available CHILD POLICY from www.rand.org as a public service of CIVIL JUSTICE the RAND Corporation. EDUCATION ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT Jump down to document6 HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit NATIONAL SECURITY research organization providing POPULATION AND AGING PUBLIC SAFETY objective analysis and effective SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY solutions that address the challenges SUBSTANCE ABUSE facing the public and private sectors TERRORISM AND HOMELAND SECURITY around the world. TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE WORKFORCE AND WORKPLACE Support RAND Purchase this document Browse Books & Publications Make a charitable contribution For More Information Visit RAND at www.rand.org Explore the RAND Corporation View document details Limited Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non- commercial use only. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents. This product is part of the RAND Corporation monograph series. RAND monographs present major research findings that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND mono- graphs undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for research quality and objectivity. Pacification in Algeria 1956 –1958 David Galula New Foreword by Bruce Hoffman This research is supported by the Advanced Research Projects Agency under Contract No. SD-79. Any views or conclusions contained in this Memorandum should not be interpreted as representing the official opinion or policy of ARPA. -
The Essential Role of Isotopes in Studies of Water Resources
The Essential Role of Isotopes in Studies of Water Resources One of the prerequisites for efficient management of a water resource is reliable information about the quantity, flow and circulation of water within the resource that is being exploited. During the past two decades, isotope techniques have come to play a major role in the qualitative and quantitative assessment of water resources. In studies of surface water, isotope techniques are used to measure water runoff from rain and snow, flow rates of streams and rivers, leakage from lakes, reservoirs and canals and the dynamics of various bodies of water. Studies of groundwater resources (springs, wells) today are virtually unthinkable without isotope techniques. Basically, these techniques are simple and relatively quick. Among the many questions which may be asked of hydrologists about a given groundwater supply, often the most critical one concerns the safe yield so that the source will not run dry, or for a source to be "mined", the total yield. Isotope techniques can be used to solve such problems as: identification of the origin of groundwater, determination of its age, flow velocity and direction, interrelations between surface waters and groundwaters, possible connections between different aquifers, local porosity, transmissivity and dispersivity of an aquifer. The cost of such investigations is often small in comparison to the cost of classical hydrological techniques, and in addition they are able to provide information which sometimes cannot be obtained by other techniques. Isotope hydrology can be divided into two main branches: environmental isotope hydrology, which has become especially important in those regions of the world where basic hydrological data are insufficient, and artificial-isotope hydrology. -
Assisting the Persecuted Church in Algeria and Morocco
ASSISTING THE PERSECUTED CHURCH IN ALGERIA AND MOROCCO Morocco and Algeria are neighbouring countries in Northwest Africa. Once part of the region known as the Maghreb, Christianity arrived in both countries during the Roman era. It was practised by the Berbers, an ethnic group found throughout the region. However, following the Islamic invasion of the region in the 7 TH century, Christianity all but disappeared from both Morocco and Algeria. In Algeria, a remnant group of Christian Berbers fled to the Djurdjura Mountains east of Algiers, retaining some of their language and culture, but within 100 years their faith had gone. 1 Young Berber child. 1 Top: Kabyle weaving fragment made in the 1930s. Bottom: Shepherds with their Megavoice units. the case with a first contact the volunteer ALGERIA took him a Gospel and some CDs. The man looked at them and said, obviously In Algeria, it is among the Berbers who live disappointed: “Is that it? Is that all you are in the Djurdjura Mountains that Christian bringing me? Let me explain. I have been revival is now taking place. In the 1980s, it is listening to Christian radio programmes for estimated there were 2,000 Christians living months. I write everything down, every in Algeria. Today, the number is considered verse, every explanation about the Bible. to be between 100,000 and 200,000. Many Algerian seekers begin their Christian journey by watching Christian TV programmes or Then I share it with listening to Christian radio programmes. In a country that is 99% Muslim the Bible Society my family and friends, of Algeria has a vital role to play! It is the everybody I meet who only source of Bibles in the country! “ will listen to me! At the end of these programmes, it is Bible Society’s phone number that is provided for people to phone to request a Bible. -
Uni> Licroriims Intemdtkxvil
INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure you of complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark it is an indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy. Unless we meant to delete copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed, you will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted you will find a target note listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photo graphed the photographer has followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. -
28 January 2001 2. Country: Algeria 3
Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands 1. Date this sheet was completed/updated: 28 January 2001 2. Country: Algeria 3. Name of wetland: Chott el Hodna 4. Geographical coordinates: 35° 18’ - 35° 32’ North latitude 4° 15’ - 5° 06’ East longitude 5 Altitude: 390–400 metres 6 Area: 362,000 hectares 7. Overview: Chott el Hodna is part of a series of chotts that developed where water gathers from the Saharan Atlas in the south and the Tellien Atlas in the north. It has high steppe vegetation because it is part of the Maghrebian steppe. Its basin is located in the extreme eastern part of the high plateau, oriented west- northwest/east-southeast, 220 kilometres long and 90 kilometres wide, between two mountain formations at 1800 to 1900 metres in altitude in the north and 600 to 900 metres in altitude in the south. It is a closed water basin of 26,000 square kilometres. The bottom of the Hodna basin, an area of 8500 square kilometres and the base level of the oueds in the basin, covers an area of 1100 square kilometres. This is the Chott el Hodna, at 400 metres in altitude. This area absorbs flooding, has an elliptical form that is 77 kilometres long and 19 kilometres wide. The water is strongly brackish. The flooded area varies, but never exceeds 80,000 hectares. The chott is supplied by at least 22 main streams and freshwater springs and is covered with water only in winter. It is dry and salty in summer when a salt crust covers its whole area.