Mind of the Meditator
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Know Thy Selves: Learning to Understand Oneself Increases the Ability to Understand Others
JCognEnhanc DOI 10.1007/s41465-017-0023-6 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Know Thy Selves: Learning to Understand Oneself Increases the Ability to Understand Others Anne Böckler1,2 & Lukas Herrmann 1 & Fynn-Mathis Trautwein1 & Tom Holmes3 & Tania Singer1 Received: 7 December 2016 /Accepted: 10 April 2017 # The Author(s) 2017. This article is an open access publication Abstract Understanding others’ feelings, intentions, and be- of identified parts that were negatively valenced showed a liefs is a crucial social skill both for our personal lives and for strong relation with enhanced ToM capacities. This finding meeting the challenges of a globalized world. Recent evidence suggests a close link between getting better in understanding suggests that the ability to represent and infer others’ mental oneself and improvement in social intelligence. states (Theory of Mind, ToM) can be enhanced by mental training in healthy adults. The present study investigated the Keywords Internal Family System . Theory of Mind . Self . role of training-induced understanding of oneself for the en- Inner parts . Contemplative mental training hanced understanding of others. In a large-scale longitudinal study, two independent participant samples (N =80and N = 81) received a 3-month contemplative training. This train- Introduction ing focused on perspective taking and was inspired by the Internal Family Systems model that conceives the self as be- As citizens of the twenty-first century, we face many problems ing composed of a complex system of inner personality as- of an industrialized and globalized world. Tensions between pects. Specifically, participants practiced perspective taking countries, cultures, and religions are rising; wars and political on their own inner states by learning to identify and classify instabilities drive millions of people to leave their homes and different inner personality parts. -
Compassion Or Empathy? a Way Forward to Reduce GP Stress and Burnout
Out of Hours Compassion or empathy? A way forward to reduce GP stress and burnout I have often heard from colleagues and ADDREss FOR CORREsPONDENCE felt myself the sense of psychological Manohar Thakur exhaustion when dealing with the Derby Open Access Centre, 207 St Thomas Road, particularly stressful life problems of our Normanton, Derby DE3 9BL, UK. patients. This is part of the ‘burnout’ so E-mail: [email protected] often talked about in general practice. It is common experience that listening to the patient with empathy goes a long way In the light of this new research showing towards helping many of them: being the that compassion is a virtue that can be ‘drug doctor’ of Balint. Empathy, according passed on by training, it may be worth to the Oxford English Dictionary means: thinking of ways to train ourselves in techniques such as meditation, which will ‘... the ability to understand and share the Photo: The Mind and Life Institute. help not only our patients but ourselves feelings of another.’ as well. The Royal College of General Practitioners could play a guiding role in While this is obviously good for the to have been able to make a difference to exploring this dimension of GP training patient, the person at the giving end of this their lives and, rather than stressing me at the undergraduate, postgraduate, empathy can find themselves emotionally out, these formerly difficult patients have and professional levels. The Mind and drained and fatigued. This can be repeated become a source of professional, as well as Life Institute (http://www.mindandlife. -
Publication List Prof. Dr. Tania Singer
Publication List Prof. Dr. Tania Singer Articles in Refereed Journals 109 Engen, H., Kanske, P., & Singer, T. (in press). Choosing how to feel: Endogenous emotion generation abilities mediate the relationship between trait affectivity and emotion management style. Scientific Reports. 108 Lumma, A.-L., Valk, S. L., Böckler, A., Vrticka, P., & Singer, T. (in press). Change in emotional self-concept following socio-cognitive training relates to structural plasticity of the prefrontal cortex. Brain and Behavior. 107 Engert, V., Ragsdale, A., & Singer, T. (2018). Cortisol stress resonance in the laboratory is associated with inter-couple diurnal cortisol covariation in daily life. Hormones and Behavior, 98, 183190. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.12.018 106 Mendes, N., Steinbeis, N., Bueno-Guerra, N., Call, J., & Singer, T. (2018). Preschool children and chimpanzees incur costs to watch punishment of antisocial others. Nature Human Behaviour, 2, 4551. 105 Preckel, K., Kanske, P., Singer, T. (2018). On the interaction of social affect and cognition: empathy, compassion and theory of mind. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 19, 16. doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2017.07.010 104 Böckler, A., Herrmann, L., Trautwein, F.-M., Holmes, T., & Singer, T. (2017). Know thy selves: Learning to understand oneself increases the ability to understand others. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement, 1(2), 197209. 103 Böckler, A., Sharifi, M., Kanske, P., Dziobek, I., & Singer, T. (2017). Social decision making in narcissism: Reduced generosity and increased retaliation are driven by alterations in perspective-taking and anger. Personality and Individual Differences, 104, 17. 102 Bornemann, B., & Singer, T. (2017). Taking time to feel our body: Steady increases in heartbeat perception accuracy and decreases in alexithymia over 9 months of contemplative mental training. -
From Empathy to Compassion in a Neuroscience Laboratory
From Empathy to Compassion in a Neuroscience Laboratory Chapter I.IV of “Altruism: The Power of Compassion to Change Yourself and the World”, Little, Brown and Company (2015) Matthieu Ricard In 2007, along with Tania Singer, I was in Rainer Goebel’s neuroscience laboratory in Maastricht, as a collaborator and guinea pig in a research program on empathy. Tania would ask me to give rise to a powerful feeling of empathy by imagining people affected by great suffering. Tania was using a new fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) technique used by Goebel. It has the advantage of following the changes of activity of the brain in real time (fMRI-rt), whereas data usually cannot be analyzed until later on. According to the protocol of this kind of experiment, the meditator, myself in this case, must alternate twenty or so times between periods when he or she engenders a particular mental state, here empathy, with moments when he relaxes his mind in a neutral state, without thinking of anything in particular or applying any method of meditation. During a pause, after a first series of periods of meditation, Tania asked me: “What are you doing? It doesn’t look at all like what we usually observe when people feel empathy for someone else’s suffering.” I explained that I had meditated on unconditional compassion, trying to feel a powerful feeling of love and kindness for people who were suffering, but also for all sentient beings. In fact, complete analysis of the data, carried out subsequently, confirmed that the cerebral networks activated by meditation on compassion were very different from those linked to empathy,which Tania had been studying for years. -
Trends in Marketing for Books on Animal Rights
Portland State University PDXScholar Book Publishing Final Research Paper English 5-2017 Trends in Marketing for Books on Animal Rights Gloria H. Mulvihill Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/eng_bookpubpaper Part of the English Language and Literature Commons, and the Publishing Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Mulvihill, Gloria H., "Trends in Marketing for Books on Animal Rights" (2017). Book Publishing Final Research Paper. 26. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/eng_bookpubpaper/26 This Paper is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Book Publishing Final Research Paper by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. Mulvihill 1 Trends in Marketing for Books on Animal Rights Gloria H. Mulvihill MA in Book Publishing Thesis Spring 2017 Mulvihill 2 Abstract Though many of us have heard the mantra that we shouldn’t judge a book by its cover, marketers in book publishing bank on the fact that people do and will continue to buy and read books based not only on content, but its aesthetic appeal. This essay will examine the top four marketing trends that can be observed on the Amazon listings for books published on animal rights within the last ten years, specifically relating to titles, cover design, and the intended audience. From graphic adaptations of animals to traditional textbook approaches and animal photography, publishers are striving to evoke interest and investment in literature concerning a politically charged and inherently personal topic. -
The Brain of Buddha
(consciousness redux) The Brain of Buddha An encounter with His Holiness the Dalai Lama and the scientific study of meditation BY CHRISTOF KOCH ) Knowledge can be communicat- tic community living in exile in India His Holiness the Dalai Lama listens to the author talking about the brain basis of con- ed, but not wisdom. One can find with modern science. About a dozen of meeting sciousness during a six-day encounter be- ( it, live it, do wonders through it, us—physicists, psychologists, brain sci- tween Tibetan Buddhism and science. but one cannot communicate and entists and clinicians, leavened by a teach it. French philosopher—introduced quan- INSTITUTE tum mechanics, neuroscience, con- circle—such as from his translator, Ti- IFE L THIS LINE FROM Herman Hesse’s 1922 sciousness and various clinical aspects of betan Jinpa Thupten, who has a doctor- ); AND novel Siddhartha came unbidden to me meditative practices to a few thousand ate in philosophy from the University of Koch during a recent weeklong visit to Dre- Buddhist monks and nuns. As we lec- Cambridge, and from the French monk MIND pung Monastery in southern India. His tured, we were quizzed, probed and gen- Matthieu Ricard, who holds a Ph.D. in Holiness the Dalai Lama had invited the tly made fun of by His Holiness, who sat molecular biology from the Pasteur Insti- U.S.-based Mind and Life Institute to beside us [see photograph above]. We tute in Paris—as they and their brethren HRISTOF KOCH ( KOCH HRISTOF OURTESY OF familiarize the Tibetan Buddhist monas- learned as much from him and his inner from us. -
The University of Chicago Homo-Eudaimonicus
THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO HOMO-EUDAIMONICUS: AFFECTS, BIOPOWER, AND PRACTICAL REASON A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DIVISION OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY COMMITTEE ON THE CONCEPTUAL AND HISTORICAL STUDIES OF SCIENCE AND DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY BY FRANCIS ALAN MCKAY CHICAGO, ILLINOIS JUNE 2016 Copyright © 2016 by Francis Mckay All Rights Reserved If I want to be in the world effectively, and have being in the world as my art, then I need to practice the fundamental skills of being in the world. That’s the fundamental skill of mindfulness. People in general are trained to a greater or lesser degree through other practices and activities to be in the world. But mindfulness practice trains it specifically. And our quality of life is greatly enhanced when we have this basic skill. — Liam Mindfulness is a term for white, middle-class values — Gladys Table of Contents Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................ viii Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... x Chapter 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1: A Science and Politics of Happiness .............................................................................. 1 1.2: Global Well-Being ........................................................................................................ -
The Neuroeconomics of Mind Reading and Empathy
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Singer, Tania; Fehr, Ernst Working Paper The neuroeconomics of mind reading and empathy IZA Discussion Papers, No. 1647 Provided in Cooperation with: IZA – Institute of Labor Economics Suggested Citation: Singer, Tania; Fehr, Ernst (2005) : The neuroeconomics of mind reading and empathy, IZA Discussion Papers, No. 1647, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/33340 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu IZA DP No. 1647 The Neuroeconomics of Mind Reading and Empathy Tania Singer Ernst Fehr DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES DISCUSSION PAPER July 2005 Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit Institute for the Study of Labor The Neuroeconomics of Mind Reading and Empathy Tania Singer Functional Imaging Laboratory, University College London Ernst Fehr University of Zurich and IZA Bonn Discussion Paper No. -
Interfaith Vegan Coalition
Interfaith Vegan Coalition NON-DENOMINATIONAL RESOURCES FOR USE WITH ANY SPIRITUAL, FAITH, ETHICAL OR WISDOM GROUP (Resources specific to your own faith can be found on the links on the main page. TEN STEPS TOWARDS HARMLESSNESS AND UNIVERSAL LOVINGKINDNESS These are 10 steps that could be introduced either one at a time or all together. The goal of these steps is to bring the golden rule ideal of harmlessness and lovingkindness into alignment with everyday community practices. You can do this alone, but it is very helpful if you have some interested community members who could join you in forming a “Green” committee or similar group that could help you promote these steps. 1. Include at least one prayer/intention each week for animals in the meetings/ services. Join the Worldwide Prayer Circle for Animals at circleofcompassion.org as a group/congregation. 2. Include reverence for and kinship with all God’s creatures in the group’s mission statement. Include language such as “guardian” rather than “owner” when referring to animal companions. (See In Defense of Animals’ Guardian Campaign, idausa.org). Use “he” or “she,” rather than “it,” when referring to animals. 3. Help develop a policy to remove or repel insects, mice and others without harming them and to protect birds from hitting large windows. 4. Encourage education and discussion about how the community can help animals by hosting films, speakers, and book studies about veganism and doing no harm to animals. Also, education about the intersectionality of all social justice movements, including animal rights, is very important. 5. -
Shabkar (1781-1851), the “Inescapable Nation,” and Buddhist Universalism
HIMALAYA, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies Volume 38 Number 1 Article 9 June 2018 The Singer of Tibet: Shabkar (1781-1851), the “Inescapable Nation,” and Buddhist Universalism Rachel H. Pang Davidson College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya Recommended Citation Pang, Rachel H.. 2018. The Singer of Tibet: Shabkar (1781-1851), the “Inescapable Nation,” and Buddhist Universalism. HIMALAYA 38(1). Available at: https://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya/vol38/iss1/9 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License. This Research Article is brought to you for free and open access by the DigitalCommons@Macalester College at DigitalCommons@Macalester College. It has been accepted for inclusion in HIMALAYA, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Macalester College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Singer of Tibet: Shabkar (1781-1851), the “Inescapable Nation,” and Buddhist Universalism Acknowledgements The author would like to thank Holly Gayley and the anonymous reviewers at HIMALAYA whose excellent suggestions improved this paper in fundamental ways. Thanks is also due to the participants and audience of the “Literature from the Himalayas: Rethinking the Region, Re-imagining the Identities” panel at ANHS’s Himalayan Studies Conference in Boulder (2017) - Lama Jabb, Pushpa Raj Acharya, Ranjan Adiga, Alok Amatya, Pallabi Gupta, Anu Thapa, Kritish Rajbhandari for their sincere and lively engagement with the ideas in an earlier version of this paper that helped expand the discussion of the role of literature in articulating identities. -
Ey.Com/Privacy
EY | Assurance | Tax | Strategy and Transactions | Consulting About EY EY is a global leader in assurance, tax, strategy, transaction and consulting services. The insights and quality services we deliver help build trust and confidence in the capital markets and in economies the world over. We develop outstanding leaders who team to deliver on our promises to all of our stakeholders. In so doing, we play a critical role in building a better working world for our people, for our clients and for our communities. EY refers to the global organization, and may refer to one or more, of the member firms of Ernst & Young Global Limited, each of which is a separate legal entity. Ernst & Young Global Limited, a UK company limited by guarantee, does not provide services to clients. Information about how EY collects and uses personal data and a description of the rights individuals have under data protection legislation are available via ey.com/privacy. For more information about our organization, please visit ey.com. © 2020 EYGM Limited. All Rights Reserved. EYG no. 005695-20Gbl ED NONE In line with EY’s commitment to minimize its impact on the environment, this document has been printed on paper with a high recycled content. This material has been prepared for general informational purposes only and is not intended to be relied upon as accounting, tax or other professional advice. Please refer to your advisors for specific advice. The views of third parties set out in this Publication are not necessarily the views of the global EY organization or its member firms. -
Mobile Health Alliance
Mobile Health Alliance Create a global consortium of all available mobile health forces An initiative co-leaded by: General context About 5 billion people worldwide do not have adequate access to essential healthcare services and to surgery. Giving access to quality healthcare services to the poorest is one of the Sustainable development goals and the mission of the Mobile Health Alliance initiative. 3.8 Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all. "It is completely unacceptable that half the world still lacks coverage for the most essential health services," said Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of WHO. 1 Barriers to health services include: ● High and unaffordable cost of care ● Lack of services accessibility ● Lack of competent care skills ● Inadequate or no insurance coverage ● Lack of health care services (no hospital, no health centers, no dispensaries….) Giving access to health-care services to remote and unaddressed communities is the challenge addressed by those organizations through mobile labs and clinics to reach people cut off from access to health services. For many people these mobile clinics may be their only source of health care. The Ahimsa Forum 2019, focusing on Innovation to reach Universal Health Coverage, gathered several stakeholders from organization offering mobile health services. From the discussion during the event,