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Volume 11 ● Supplement 2018 Indexed in SCOPUS NAAS Rating: 4.55 ICRAFPAY 2018 International Conference On Recent Advances and Future International Journal of Perspectives in Ayurveda and Yoga 08th-09th April, 2018 Green Pharmacy • Volume 11 • Supplement 2018 • Pages 1-67 Organized By Rajiv Gandhi South Campus Barkachha, Mirzapur 231001 Banaras Hindu University Special Online Issue Dr. Dev Nath Singh Gautam Convener Study of physiological variation in serum insulin level and blood glucose level (fasting blood sugar and post prandial blood sugar) among young healthy individuals with special reference to Deha Prakriti Abha Singh1, Girish Singh2, N. S. Tripathi1 1Department of Kriya Sharir, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India, 2Department of Community Medicine, Division of Biostatics, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India RESEARCH ARTICLE Abstract Prakriti is the nature, behavior, or psychosomatic constitution of an individual. It represents the doshic state of individual. Prakriti is an important tool which can affect the line of treatment/management, prognosis, diagnosis, and occurrence of the disease. Diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable, long-term metabolic disorder. Prakriti of an individual and their health along with occurrence, treatment/management as well as prognosis of a disease has a close relationship. Keeping these facts in the mind, such study has been designed to find possible relationship between level of insulin and blood glucose level in different prakriti persons. A total of 89 volunteers were registered for the purpose of the study having age group between 18 and 30 years. Prakriti was determined by pro forma designed for the same, based on Ayurvedic classics. Their blood glucose level and serum insulin level were tested. It has been observed that level of insulin was found maximum 85.846 ± 3.68 in person having Kapha Prakriti, whereas, in Pitta Prakriti individuals, serum insulin level was found in minimum (lower) range. It was also observed that mean of fasting blood sugar level was maximum in volunteers of Kapha Prakriti. Serum insulin level was found in maximum (upper) range in Kapha Prakriti person. Key words: Blood sugar, diabetes mellitus, insulin, Madhumeha, blood sugar, Prakriti INTRODUCTION As per Ayurveda, Agni is responsible for the various types of chemical conversion taking place in our body.[4] ccording to the WHO, approximately Insulin also performs various functions of the Agni, as it is 150 million people are suffering from involved in various metabolic processes as well as chemical Adiabetes mellitus (DM) (Madhumeha) conversions.[5] worldwide and are supposed to get double by the year 2025. Type 2 DM (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder and mainly occurs due to impaired REVIEW OF LITERATURE function of the pancreas, especially beta cell, which secretes insulin.[1] DM is a heterogeneous Prakriti disease involving various organs of the body. It is characterized by chronic enhancement of Prakriti is also known as psychosomatic constitution of an the blood sugar level due to malfunctioning of individual. Prakriti is the sum total of physical, physiological, insulin hormone, including insulin formation, secretion, and insulin resistance.[2] Address for correspondence: Dr. N. S. Tripathi, Department of Kriya Sharir, Faculty Chronic increase in the blood sugar (glucose) of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras level is a leading cause of renal failure, visual Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. E-mail: loss, hepatic disorder as well as cardiovascular [email protected] disorder.[3] International Journal of Green Pharmacy • Vol 11 • Special Issue 2018 | S1 Singh, et al.: Study of physiological variation in serum insulin level and blood glucose level (fasting blood sugar and post prandial blood sugar) among young healthy individuals with special reference to Deha Prakriti and psychological qualities of an individual. Prakriti untreated is eventually fatal. Glucagon deficiency can represents the doshik state of an individual. cause hypoglycemia, and glucagon excess makes diabetes worse. Excess pancreatic production of somatostatin causes hyperglycemia and other manifestation of diabetes. Formation of Prakriti Prakriti is formed by the Utkatata (predominance) of one, two, Effect of Insulin on Carbohydrate Metabolism or all three Doshas at the time of samyoga (union) of shukra (sperm) and shonita (ovum) in the garbhashaya (uterus).[6] Insulin promotes muscle glucose uptake and metabolism. It also helps storage of glycogen in muscle. It promotes liver uptake, storage, and use of glucose. It promotes conversion of Development of Prakriti excess glucose into fatty acids and inhibits gluconeogenesis.[2] Development in this context refers to the causation of specific features in the individual of the prakiti in such a way that two persons belonging to one “prakriti” also differ from each MATERIALS AND METHODS other.[7] In our body, doshas, dhatus, and malas maintain our internal environment (homeostasis).[8] Topic of the research was passed by ethical clearance committee of the Institute of Medical Science (BHU). Vata in its normal state is responsible for all activities of the body. Vata, in fact, constitutes the life of living beings.[9] For the purpose of the present study, a total of 89 volunteers Vitiation of Tridosha (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha) may be taking who were registered having age group between 18 and place in different seasons as for example - physiological 30 years were selected. predominance of vata dosha is seen in varsha ritu (Rainy season). Hence, the Prakriti formed in this season (due to Exclusion Criteria fertilization) may be mostly Vatika in nature.[10] 1. Subjects aged <18 years or more than 30 years were Various researches have been done, taking Prakriti into excluded. consideration. The mean of serum urea was observed 2. Only young healthy individuals were selected for the maximum (nearer to upper normal limit) in shishir ritu and study. Subjects not fulfilling the criteria of “Clinically minimum (nearer to lower normal limit in grishma ritu in all Healthy” status as per the pro forma were excluded. Prakriti group). Prakriti also affects the serum urea level in 3. The subjects, who were known to have any disease/ [11] different season. Incidence of occurrence of amavata is chronic illnesses before or during study, were excluded. found considerably high among Kapha Prakriti, whereas low in Vataja Prakriti. Pitta Prakriti cases shown a high percentage of recovery rate than kaphaj and vataj.[12] Seasons influence Assesment of Prakriti the aggravation, accumulation, and pacification of humors, which might affect the functions in various constitutions.[13] Subjects were assessed to understand their Prakriti using Prakriti assessment pro forma Vandana et al., (2009). There are many factors determines the uniqueness of Prakriti. Acharya Charka has described six Bhavas which are the Volunteers were assessed for their health by general health determinant of the development of Garbha. (Ch.Sha.3/3).[14] examination pro forma. Vagbhata has also mentioned that Prakriti is dependent not only on Prakriti of the subjects based on most dominant Dosha was Shukra and Shonita but also on diet and behavior of the pregnant categorized into 1. Vataja Prakriti (includes Vata-Pitta and women, nature of Garbhasya and Kala (A.H.Sha.3/83).[15] Vata-Kapha), 2. Pittaja Prakriti (includes Pitta-Vata and Pitta-Kapha), and 3. Kaphaja Prakriti (includes Kapha-Vata Acharya Charaka considers that Dehagni (Jaṭharagni) is the and Kapha-Pitta) Prakriti. cause of life, complexion, strength, health, nourishment, lusture, oja, teja (energy), and prana (life energy) (Ch.Chi. 15/5).[16] Estimation of Serum Insulin Level Insulin is anabolic, increasing the storage of glucose, fatty Measurement of serum insulin level was done in the acids, and amino acids. Glucagon is catabolic, from glucose, Department of Kriya Sharir, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of fatty acids, and the amino acids ores into the bloodstream. Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. The two hormones are thus in their overall action and are reciprocally secreted most circumstances. Insulin excess causes hypoglycemia, which leads to convulsions and coma. Collection of Venous Blood Madhumeha (DM) (Chracterised by chronic elevation of blood glucose), caused by deficiency of Insulin, if Regarding this study, for the biochemical parameters, 5 ml of International Journal of Green Pharmacy • Vol 11 • Special Issue 2018 | S2 Singh, et al.: Study of physiological variation in serum insulin level and blood glucose level (fasting blood sugar and post prandial blood sugar) among young healthy individuals with special reference to Deha Prakriti venous blood was collected from the subjects in their hostels agni-bala (digestive and metabolic fire) in them. early in the morning during 6–8 AM. Serum was separated from the blood. Separation of the serum was done by During the study, it was also observed that serum insulin level centrifuging the blood sample at 3000 r.p.m. for 5–6 min and was almost same in Vata Prakriti (85.840 ± 1.22) individuals preserved in deep fridge at −20C till the estimation. Diametra and in Kapha Prakriti (85.846 ± 3.68) individuals. This ELISA Kit was used for insulin estimation. similarity in the level of insulin may be due to fluctuating level of insulin level in Vata Prakriti individuals.
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