DOCSLIB.ORG

Historie Życia I Filogeografia Niebielistki Trwałej Swertia Perennis L

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Historie Życia I Filogeografia Niebielistki Trwałej Swertia Perennis L Uniwersytet w Białymstoku Wydział Biologiczno-Chemiczny Urszula Biereżnoj-Bazille Historie życia i filogeografia niebielistki trwałej Swertia perennis L. w europejskiej części zasięgu geograficznego Rozprawa doktorska Promotor: prof. dr hab. Emilia Alicja Brzosko Białystok, rok 2018 1 Spis treści: PODZIĘKOWANIA ............................................................................................................................... 6 STRESZCZENIE .................................................................................................................................... 7 SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................ 8 I. WSTĘP ............................................................................................................................................ 9 II. OBIEKT BADAŃ ......................................................................................................................... 14 Rozpoznanie taksonomiczne ......................................................................................................... 14 Zasięg geograficzny ...................................................................................................................... 16 Siedliska ........................................................................................................................................ 17 Biologia ......................................................................................................................................... 18 Status konserwatorski .................................................................................................................... 21 III. TEREN BADAŃ I WARUNKI BYTOWANIA POPULACJI SWERTIA PERENNIS L. ........ 21 REGION PÓŁNOCNY (N) ............................................................................................................... 23 Kurtuvenai (KUR) ......................................................................................................................... 23 Gražutes (GRA) ............................................................................................................................. 24 Labanoras (LAB) ........................................................................................................................... 24 Rowele (ROW) .............................................................................................................................. 24 Kamienna (KAM) .......................................................................................................................... 24 Łosiniany (LOS) ............................................................................................................................ 25 REGION POŁUDNIOWO-WSCHODNI (SE) ................................................................................. 25 Sobowice (SOB) ............................................................................................................................ 26 Komarów (KOM) .......................................................................................................................... 26 REGION POŁUDNIOWY (S) .......................................................................................................... 27 Zakopane (ZAK) ........................................................................................................................... 27 Masyw Pilska (BESKID: CEB i MIZ) .......................................................................................... 27 Karkonosze (SUDETY: ZLO i STA) ............................................................................................ 27 IV. METODY BADAŃ ................................................................................................................... 28 Lokalizacja populacji .................................................................................................................... 28 2 Liczebność, zagęszczenie i struktura przestrzenna ........................................................................ 28 Ocena wieku osobników................................................................................................................ 31 Struktura wielkości ........................................................................................................................ 33 Potencjał reprodukcyjny i efektywność reprodukcji generatywnej ............................................... 33 Potencjał rozrodczy i efektywność kwitnienia .............................................................................. 33 System rozrodu .............................................................................................................................. 33 Siła kiełkowania nasion ................................................................................................................. 36 Koszty reprodukcji generatywnej .................................................................................................. 37 Analizy statystyczne w badaniach historii życia ........................................................................... 38 Zróżnicowanie morfologiczne osobników niebielistki trwałej ..................................................... 39 Analizy genetyczne ....................................................................................................................... 42 V. WYNIKI ........................................................................................................................................ 46 LICZEBNOŚĆ oraz DYNAMIKA POPULACJI NIEBIELISTKI TRWAŁEJ Swertia perennis.... 46 Wielkość populacji ........................................................................................................................ 46 Dynamika liczebności populacji .................................................................................................... 46 Zagęszczenie i struktura przestrzenna populacji ........................................................................... 49 Struktura wielkości osobników w populacjach Swertia perennis ................................................. 61 ROLA REPRODUKCJI GENERATYWNEJ W DYNAMICE LICZEBNOŚCI POPULACJI ....... 84 Potencjał reprodukcyjny ................................................................................................................ 84 Częstość kwitnienia osobników .................................................................................................... 94 Długość przerwy pomiędzy kolejnym kwitnieniem ...................................................................... 96 Poziom owocowania ...................................................................................................................... 99 Płodność osobników Swertia perennis ........................................................................................ 100 Rozrodczość ................................................................................................................................ 109 Śmiertelność ................................................................................................................................ 111 Koszty reprodukcji generatywnej ................................................................................................ 113 ROLA POMNAŻANIA WEGETATYWNEGO W DYNAMICE LICZEBNOŚCI POPULACJI 120 WPŁYW ODPOCZYNKU NA DYNAMIKĘ POPULACJI I WŁAŚCIWOŚCI OSOBNIKÓW . 123 SYSTEM ROZRODU Swertia perennis ......................................................................................... 128 3 CYKL ŻYCIOWY Swertia perennis .............................................................................................. 135 ROŻNORODNOŚĆ GENETYCZNA ............................................................................................ 138 ZRÓŻNICOWANIE MORFOLOGICZNE .................................................................................... 142 VI. DYSKUSJA............................................................................................................................. 149 Dynamika populacji i jej uwarunkowania ....................................................................................... 151 Cykl życiowy ................................................................................................................................... 159 System rozrodu ................................................................................................................................ 162 Różnorodność genetyczna ............................................................................................................... 167 Zróżnicowanie morfologiczne ......................................................................................................... 170 Wskazówki konserwatorskie ........................................................................................................... 172 VII. WNIOSKI ................................................................................................................................ 176 VIII. LITERATURA ........................................................................................................................ 178 4 Tym co obserwujemy, nie jest przyroda sama w sobie, lecz przyroda taka, jaka ukazuje się naszej metodzie badania. Werner Heisenberg (1958) Pracę dedykuję Mężowi i Córce 5 PODZIĘKOWANIA Powstanie tej pracy zawdzięczam wsparciu i współpracy wielu osób. Przede wszystkim pragnę podziękować promotor
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Current Status of the Rare British Endemic Gentianella Amarella Subsp
    British & Irish Botany 3(2): 136-151, 2021 Current status of the rare British endemic Gentianella amarella subsp. occidentalis, Dune Gentian (Gentianaceae) Lyn D.I. Evans¹* & Timothy C.G. Rich2 ¹Department of Countryside Management, Bridgend College, U.K; ²Cardiff, U.K. *Corresponding author: Lyn Evans [email protected] This pdf constitutes the Version of Record published on 26th July 2021 Abstract Gentianella amarella subsp. occidentalis, Dune Gentian, is a rare annual of dune slacks endemic to Western Britain. Its current status was compared to historic records. A maximum of 2250 plants were found in ten subpopulations in four sites in 2019-2020. It was not refound in three sites and 15 subpopulations. It is assessed as IUCN threat category ‘Endangered’. Its primary vegetation type is SD14d Salix repens - Campylium stellatum dune slack Festuca rubra subcommunity, within which it favours short, open structure on dry, low nutrient soils. Conservation requires managing and creating its niche in the dune slacks. Keywords: Dune slack; Endangered; England; IUCN threat criteria; Wales. Introduction Gentianella amarella subsp. occidentalis T.C.G. Rich & McVeigh, Dune Gentian, is a small, summer annual of dune slacks endemic to South Wales and North Devon in Western Britain (Rich & McVeigh, 2019; Stace, 2019; Figs. 1 & 2). Historically referred to as Gentianella uliginosa (Willd.) Börner in Britain, it was recently recognised as a morphologically distinct taxon related to the biennial G. amarella subsp. amarella (Rich et al., 2018). A short video showing the plant and its habitat prior to the work reported here is given by Rich (2019). Rich & McVeigh (2019) noted Dune Gentian had been recorded from seven sites in four vice-counties (North Devon, Glamorgan, Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire) and gave its IUCN threat category as ‘Vulnerable’.
    [Show full text]
  • Gentianella Campestris & G
    Gentianella campestris & G. uliginosa Status Gentianella uliginosa is very rare species which is G. campestris: currently known in Devon (Holyoak 1999), and along UK Biodiversity Action Plan Priority species. the south coast of Wales from the Gower to Tenby IUCN Threat category: Vulnerable (2005). (Lousley 1950). It is probably extinct in Derbyshire G. uliginosa: (Rich 1996), and records from Scotland (Rose 1998) UK Biodiversity Action Plan Priority species. are errors for annual G. amarella. It could be over- Red Data Book. looked elsewhere. Schedule 8 Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981. IUCN Threat category: Vulnerable (2005). Identification & Field survey Identification of Gentianella can be problematical for Taxonomy four main reasons (Pritchard 1959): Magnoliopsida: Gentianaceae Scientific name: i. Extensive hybridisation occurs between some of Gentianella campestris (L.) Börner the species which may result in introgression. Common names: Field Gentian, Crwynllys y Maes ii. Any one population of some species may contain both annuals and biennials, which frequently differ Magnoliopsida: Gentianaceae in such characters as habit and leaf shape. Scientific name: Gentianella uliginosa (Willd.) Börner iii. Local populations show great variability in Common names: morphology which is partly related to (i) and (ii). Dune Gentian, Crwynllys y Tywod iv. There is considerable variation between separate Gentianaceae is a distinctive family of ± hairless populations in small geographical areas. annual to perennial herbs with leaves in opposite pairs and no stipules, tubular flowers with 4, 5 or Gentianella campestris (L.) Börner (Gentiana more lobes at the top, a superior ovary and the fruits campestris L., Gentianella baltica sensu E. Warb. et al., are linear capsules which split from the top.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief Evolutionary Excursion Comes to an End: the Genetic Relationship of British Species of Gentianella Sect
    Plant Syst. Evol. 237: 137–151 (2003) DOI 10.1007/s00606-002-0248-3 A brief evolutionary excursion comes to an end: the genetic relationship of British species of Gentianella sect. Gentianella (Gentianaceae) M. O. Winfield1, P. J. Wilson2, M. Labra3, and J. S. Parker1 1Cory Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK 2Wessex Environmental Associates, Redlynch, Salisbury, UK 3Dipartimento di Biologia, Sezione di Botanica Generale, Universita` di Milano, Milano, Italy Received May 20, 2002; accepted October 28, 2002 Published online: March 31, 2003 Ó Springer-Verlag 2003 Abstract. There is much taxonomic confusion in species were genetically more similar to each other the genus Gentianella section Gentianella, five than they were to individuals of the same species species of which are found in Britain. Gentianella from other populations. It is proposed that G. anglica is a British endemic restricted in its distri- anglica may be an early flowering form of G. ama- bution to the chalk downland of southern England. rella that has been created and maintained as a It is considered to be threatened because of habitat consequence of former grassland management loss, and due to hybridisation with the closely practices. related, widely distributed G. amarella. The Red Data Book species, G. uliginosa, shares morpho- Key words: AFLP, conservation, extinction, logical similarities with the other two species but genetic diversity, Gentianella anglica, Gentianella has a very restricted distribution. Individual plants amarella, Gentianella uliginosa, hybridisation, from populations across the range of these three universal cpSSRs. species were analysed using AFLPs and universal cpSSRs to determine the degree of genetic variabil- Five species of the genus Gentianella section ity within and between them, and to look for Gentianella are recorded in the British Isles.
    [Show full text]
  • Fenologia Reprodutiva De Prepusa Montana Mart. (Gentianaceae) Em
    Revista Brasil. Bot., V.32, n.2, p.405-410, abr.-jun. 2009 Scientific Note / Nota Científica Fenologia reprodutiva de Prepusa montana Mart. (Gentianaceae) em uma área de campo rupestre da Chapada Diamantina, BA, Brasil1 ALINE GOES COELHO2,3 e CAIO GRACO MACHADO2 (recebido: 07 de fevereiro de 2008; aceito: 20 de março de 2009) ABSTRACT – (Reproductive phenology of Prepusa montana Mart. (Gentianaceae) in an area of campo rupestre vegetation in the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia State, Brazil). The phenological, flowering and fruiting strategies of Prepusa montana Mart. (Gentianaceae) in an area of campo rupestre vegetation in the Chapada Diamantina were investigated in terms of the influence of local rainfall, relative humidity, temperature, and photoperiod. The numbers of buds, flowers, and mature fruits of this species were monitored during monthly visits to the Mucugê Municipal Park between 6/2006 and 8/2007. Environmental variables (average accumulated rainfall, average temperature and relative humidity) were monitored at the site, while the regional photoperiod was calculated from geographical data. Prepusa montana demonstrated annual flowering of intermediate duration during the dry season. The flowering phenophase did not demonstrate any correlation with rainfall or relative humidity, but was found to be negatively correlated with temperature and photoperiod. Fruit maturation initiated during the dry season and was most intense at the start of the rainy season. Seed dispersal demonstrated a negative correlation with relative humidity. As this species occurs along water courses, flowering appears to be independent of any water stress during the dry period. The negative correlation between fruit opening and relative humidity is associated with the desiccation processes necessary for diaspore maturation and dispersal.
    [Show full text]
  • The State of Germany's Biodiversity for Food And
    COUNTRY REPORTS THE STATE OF GERMANY’S BIODIVERSITY FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE This country report has been prepared by the national authorities as a contribution to the FAO publication, The State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture. The report is being made available by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) as requested by the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. The information in this report has not been verified by FAO, and the content of this document is entirely the responsibility of the authors, and does not necessarily represent the views of FAO, or its Members. The designations employed and the presentation of material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of FAO concerning legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Country Report Germany The State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture 28.10.2015 Guidelines for the preparation of the Country Reports for The State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture TABLE OF CONTENT List of abbreviations and acronyms AbL German Small Farmers' Association ADT German Animal Breeders Federation AECM Agri-environment-climate measures AEM Agri-environment
    [Show full text]
  • The Vascular Plant Red Data List for Great Britain
    Species Status No. 7 The Vascular Plant Red Data List for Great Britain Christine M. Cheffings and Lynne Farrell (Eds) T.D. Dines, R.A. Jones, S.J. Leach, D.R. McKean, D.A. Pearman, C.D. Preston, F.J. Rumsey, I.Taylor Further information on the JNCC Species Status project can be obtained from the Joint Nature Conservation Committee website at http://www.jncc.gov.uk/ Copyright JNCC 2005 ISSN 1473-0154 (Online) Membership of the Working Group Botanists from different organisations throughout Britain and N. Ireland were contacted in January 2003 and asked whether they would like to participate in the Working Group to produce a new Red List. The core Working Group, from the first meeting held in February 2003, consisted of botanists in Britain who had a good working knowledge of the British and Irish flora and could commit their time and effort towards the two-year project. Other botanists who had expressed an interest but who had limited time available were consulted on an appropriate basis. Chris Cheffings (Secretariat to group, Joint Nature Conservation Committee) Trevor Dines (Plantlife International) Lynne Farrell (Chair of group, Scottish Natural Heritage) Andy Jones (Countryside Council for Wales) Simon Leach (English Nature) Douglas McKean (Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh) David Pearman (Botanical Society of the British Isles) Chris Preston (Biological Records Centre within the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology) Fred Rumsey (Natural History Museum) Ian Taylor (English Nature) This publication should be cited as: Cheffings, C.M. & Farrell, L. (Eds), Dines, T.D., Jones, R.A., Leach, S.J., McKean, D.R., Pearman, D.A., Preston, C.D., Rumsey, F.J., Taylor, I.
    [Show full text]
  • Aberystwyth University the Reappearance of Lobelia Urens From
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Aberystwyth Research Portal Aberystwyth University The reappearance of Lobelia urens from soil seed bank at a site in South Devon Smith, R. E. N. Published in: Watsonia Publication date: 2002 Citation for published version (APA): Smith, R. E. N. (2002). The reappearance of Lobelia urens from soil seed bank at a site in South Devon. Watsonia, 107-112. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/4028 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the Aberystwyth Research Portal (the Institutional Repository) are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the Aberystwyth Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the Aberystwyth Research Portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. tel: +44 1970 62 2400 email: [email protected] Download date: 09. Jul. 2020 Index to Watsonia vols. 1-25 (1949-2005) by Chris Boon Abbott, P. P., 1991, Rev. of Flora of the East Riding of Yorkshire (by E. Crackles with R. Arnett (ed.)), 18, 323-324 Abbott, P.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Distribution and Evolution of Mycorrhizas in Land Plants
    Mycorrhiza (2006) 16: 299–363 DOI 10.1007/s00572-005-0033-6 REVIEW B. Wang . Y.-L. Qiu Phylogenetic distribution and evolution of mycorrhizas in land plants Received: 22 June 2005 / Accepted: 15 December 2005 / Published online: 6 May 2006 # Springer-Verlag 2006 Abstract A survey of 659 papers mostly published since plants (Pirozynski and Malloch 1975; Malloch et al. 1980; 1987 was conducted to compile a checklist of mycorrhizal Harley and Harley 1987; Trappe 1987; Selosse and Le Tacon occurrence among 3,617 species (263 families) of land 1998;Readetal.2000; Brundrett 2002). Since Nägeli first plants. A plant phylogeny was then used to map the my- described them in 1842 (see Koide and Mosse 2004), only a corrhizal information to examine evolutionary patterns. Sev- few major surveys have been conducted on their phyloge- eral findings from this survey enhance our understanding of netic distribution in various groups of land plants either by the roles of mycorrhizas in the origin and subsequent diver- retrieving information from literature or through direct ob- sification of land plants. First, 80 and 92% of surveyed land servation (Trappe 1987; Harley and Harley 1987;Newman plant species and families are mycorrhizal. Second, arbus- and Reddell 1987). Trappe (1987) gathered information on cular mycorrhiza (AM) is the predominant and ancestral type the presence and absence of mycorrhizas in 6,507 species of of mycorrhiza in land plants. Its occurrence in a vast majority angiosperms investigated in previous studies and mapped the of land plants and early-diverging lineages of liverworts phylogenetic distribution of mycorrhizas using the classifi- suggests that the origin of AM probably coincided with the cation system by Cronquist (1981).
    [Show full text]
  • An Ecological Database of the British Flora
    An Ecological Database of the British Flora submitted by Helen Jacqueline Peat for examination for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Department of Biology University of York October 1992 Abstract The design and compilation of a database containing ecological information on the British Flora is described. All native and naturalised species of the Gymnospermae and Angiospermae are included. Data on c.130 characteristics concerning habitat, distribution, morphology, physiology, life history and associated organisms, were collected by both literature searching and correspondence with plant ecologists. The evolutionary history of 25 of the characteristics was investigated by looking at the amount of variance at each taxonomic level. The variation in pollination mechanisms was found at high taxonomic levels suggesting these evolved, and became fixed, early on in the evolution of flowering plants. Chromosome number, annualness, dichogamy and self-fertilization showed most variance at low taxonomic levels, suggesting these characteristics have evolved more recently and may still be subject to change. Most of the characteristics, however, eg. presence of compound leaves, height and propagule length showed variance spread over several taxonomic levels suggesting evolution has occurred at different times in different lineages. The necessity of accounting for phylogeny when conducting comparative analyses is discussed, and two methods allowing this are outlined. Using these, the questions: 'Why does stomatal distribution differ between species?' and 'Why do different species have different degrees of mycorrhizal infection?' were investigated. Amphistomaty was found to be associated with species of unshaded habitats, those with small leaves and those with hairy leaves, and hypostomaty with woody species, larger leaves and glabrous leaves.
    [Show full text]
  • Aberystwyth University the Reappearance of Lobelia
    Aberystwyth University The reappearance of Lobelia urens from soil seed bank at a site in South Devon Smith, R. E. N. Published in: Watsonia Publication date: 2002 Citation for published version (APA): Smith, R. E. N. (2002). The reappearance of Lobelia urens from soil seed bank at a site in South Devon. Watsonia, 107-112. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/4028 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the Aberystwyth Research Portal (the Institutional Repository) are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the Aberystwyth Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the Aberystwyth Research Portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. tel: +44 1970 62 2400 email: [email protected] Download date: 27. Sep. 2021 Index to Watsonia vols. 1-25 (1949-2005) by Chris Boon Abbott, P. P., 1991, Rev. of Flora of the East Riding of Yorkshire (by E. Crackles with R. Arnett (ed.)), 18, 323-324 Abbott, P. P., 1992, Obit. of William Arthur Sledge (1904-1991), 19, 166-168 Abbott, R.J.; Ingram, R.; Noltie, H.J., 1983, Discovery of Senecio cambrensis Rosser in Edinburgh, 14, 407-408 Abbott, R.J.; James, J.K.; Forbes, D.G.; Comes, H.P., 2002, Hybrid origin of the Oxford Ragwort, Senecio squalidus L.: morphological and allozyme differences between S.
    [Show full text]
  • Phytodiversity in Relation to Scale
    &72-"'4#01'27',#*2'-,2-!*# :G1C1 : 1QJR :J% H`1] Q$:1J .V VJ1:V$VJR1 1J .V1VCRQ`HQCQ$7 Q` .VV]:` IVJ ^1QCQ$7L.VI1 `7_ : .VJ10V` 1 7Q``VI en %GI1 VRG7 `8`V`8J: 8 :1@V% V`I:JJ `VIVJ5'%$% '`1:C].Q Q$`:]. 7:` .8+QQ$CV Contents 0 Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................... 1 1 List of Included Publications .................................................................................. 2 2 Summary ................................................................................................................... 3 3 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 5 3.1 Terms and Definitions.................................................................................................6 4 Quantity of Plant Species Richness ........................................................................ 7 4.1 How Many Species? ....................................................................................................7 4.2 Geographic Distribution, Hotspots and Endemism .....................................................8 5 Scales: Taxonomic, Spatial and Temporal Scale ................................................ 13 6 Measuring Biodiversity ......................................................................................... 17 6.1 Species Richness, Equitability, Abundance, Functional Diversity ...........................17 6.2 Spatial
    [Show full text]
  • A Vascular Plant Red List for England 2014
    A Vascular Plant Red List for England Drosera anglica Huds. © Jonathan J. Graham Drosera anglica is illustrated here and scattered across lowland England, but a pictured on the front cover not simply combination of many factors including peat because it has an apt name for this report. digging, eutrophication and technological Regrettably, the loss of this species from many advances in land drainage resulted in rapid, of its historical locations is emblematic of the widespread and irreversible habitat loss and plight in England of many small specialist the fragmentation of populations, so much species of highly infertile soils, such as Erica so that D. anglica is now considered to be tetralix with which it is pictured. Drosera ‘Endangered’ in England. anglica was once relatively widespread and A Vascular Plant Red List for England P.A. Stroh1, S.J. Leach2, T.A. August3, K.J. Walker1, D.A. Pearman1, F.J. Rumsey4, C.A. Harrower3, M.F. Fay5, J.P. Martin2, T. Pankhurst6, C.D. Preston3, I. Taylor2 With assistance from England Vice-County Recorders of the Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland 1 Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland 2 Natural England 3 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology 4 Natural History Museum 5 Royal Botanic Garden Kew 6 Plantlife Copyright © BSBI 2014 Designed by LTD Design Consultants, 54 Warwick Square, London Published by the Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland SW1V 2AJ. www.ltddesign.co.uk 57 Walton Road, Shirehampton, Bristol, BS11 9TA www.bsbi.org.uk Printed and bound in Great Britain by Henry Ling Limited, Dorchester. www.henryling.co.uk The Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland (known as the BSBI) is a company limited by guarantee registered in England and Wales This book should be cited as: (8553976) and a charity registered in England and Wales (1152954) Stroh, P.A., Leach, S.J., August, T.A., Walker, K.J., Pearman, D.A., and in Scotland (SC038675) Rumsey, F.J., Harrower, C.A., Fay, M.F., Martin, J.P., Pankhurst, T., Preston, C.D.
    [Show full text]